{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":917,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":7,"predictions_cover":917,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"e39b12e9eeca","filters":{"venue":"Higher Education Studies"}},"results":[{"id":"W3024396728","doi":"10.5539/hes.v10n3p16","title":"Online and Remote Learning in Higher Education Institutes: A Necessity in light of COVID-19 Pandemic","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Higher Education Studies","topic":"Technology-Enhanced Education Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1657,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Pandemic; Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Higher education; Social distance; Distance education; Blended learning; Educational technology; Public relations; Social media; Function (biology); Information and Communications Technology; Face (sociological concept); Psychology; Sociology; Political science; Computer science; Mathematics education; World Wide Web; Medicine; Social science","authors":[{"name":"Wahab Ali","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1738229535594094,"gpt":0.4496246782026473,"spread":0.2758017246432378,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003937313,0.0001590496,0.0003745432,0.0003050665,0.0002944247,0.0000205254,0.000179524,0.000134085,0.00009863936],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008702519,0.0001622871,0.00002874824,0.001356432,0.0004636799,0.0002558644,0.0001145259,0.0003027008,0.00001030264],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006115336,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001875022,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002255238,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002959266,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984947,0.0002173936,0.0004398669,0.0003929977,0.0002151562,0.0002399098],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989393,0.0002603534,0.0002720627,0.0001376097,0.0002628235,0.0001278033],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004108253,0.0006253264,0.7829175,0.0003419605,0.00006984133,8.067065e-7,0.1464659,0.00003655165,0.000365264,0.02845085,0.01658056,0.02410438],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002459061,0.00002496923,0.3572682,0.0001043061,0.00001654899,3.579464e-7,0.08601678,0.000001072586,0.00001671385,0.002822528,0.5533271,0.0001554518],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8592668,0.02013674,0.000007690264,0.1145104,0.001415264,0.0003159417,0.000002341695,0.0002651462,0.0040797],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9792045,0.005386349,0.0009399452,0.002953997,0.0003662708,0.00006890641,0.000007991372,0.00001093944,0.01106104],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5367466,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6617877,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2579606709","doi":"10.5539/hes.v7n1p46","title":"Student Attraction, Persistence and Retention in STEM Programs: Successes and Continuing Challenges","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Higher Education Studies","topic":"Genetics, Bioinformatics, and Biomedical Research","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":353,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Attrition; Outreach; Persistence (discontinuity); Drop out; Professional development; Psychology; Medical education; Mathematics education; Public relations; Political science; Pedagogy; Medicine; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"Alec Sithole","is_ca":false},{"name":"Edward T. Chiyaka","is_ca":false},{"name":"Peter McCarthy","is_ca":false},{"name":"Davison M. Mupinga","is_ca":false},{"name":"Brian K. Bucklein","is_ca":false},{"name":"Joachim Kibirige","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1079240324305691,"gpt":0.3864384595733265,"spread":0.2785144271427573,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002462324,0.00008796919,0.0001146954,0.00004015533,0.0001713348,0.0001021288,0.0001030301,0.00006250166,0.000001821203],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004598357,0.000073604,0.00001745795,0.00001905375,0.0002914886,0.0000156049,0.0001600802,0.00005296079,0.000001411041],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000135028,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002684982,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001884509,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001041805,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993256,0.0000273203,0.0001599608,0.0002080464,0.0001383265,0.0001407791],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994153,0.00001335945,0.0001015371,0.0001930253,0.0002199847,0.00005682107],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000760447,0.0005326971,0.4771059,0.001152678,0.0002445858,0.000002088342,0.006595251,3.325416e-7,0.01261918,0.0007442641,0.001318946,0.4996081],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003531476,0.0002124955,0.9282336,0.0001851957,0.00001999225,0.000004611859,0.02760921,0.000001978896,0.001329121,0.00007160971,0.04183301,0.0001460778],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9625027,0.03373254,0.000002314592,0.002438064,0.0003816885,0.0001594845,0.00000102476,0.000004703822,0.0007774858],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9576694,0.03982309,0.000155399,0.00003439174,0.0001446137,0.0000512866,0.000006993417,0.000004707786,0.002110139],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.499462,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3001484,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2911347881","doi":"10.5539/hes.v9n1p100","title":"Analysis of Educational Quality, a Goal of Education for All Policy","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Higher Education Studies","topic":"Statistics Education and Methodologies","field":"Mathematics","cited_by":254,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Declaration; Government (linguistics); Quality (philosophy); Economic growth; Investment (military); Public relations; Productivity; Education policy; Higher education; Developing country; Political science; Economics; Law","authors":[{"name":"Rehaf Madani","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.3943200542939895,"gpt":0.5994012929824742,"spread":0.2050812386884848,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006138167,0.0001320765,0.0006478135,0.0007451047,0.00002769216,0.000005159869,0.0001611198,0.00005741415,0.0003971559],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002000263,0.0001212251,0.0002018827,0.000875835,0.0001302027,0.00005574856,0.00003924182,0.00003956703,0.000005576134],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009810396,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001495334,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001545098,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000147552,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998497,0.0001543692,0.0007891188,0.0002083598,0.0002255351,0.0001255892],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9918913,0.004915427,0.000928092,0.0003958465,0.001831072,0.00003822067],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003030199,0.001018473,0.03628558,0.0009464499,0.001461314,8.569686e-10,0.002962008,0.000006389257,0.0009101593,0.9331067,0.02230842,0.0009642442],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003568197,0.000107489,0.4113804,0.0001243921,0.001838776,3.838541e-7,0.01637082,0.000005794611,0.002459757,0.5508996,0.01621018,0.0002455868],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9776458,0.002584267,0.0008248172,0.00495841,0.005020082,0.0008038859,0.0002741059,0.00001919048,0.007869473],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8759272,0.0001467821,0.09449916,0.0002312751,0.0002256003,0.0002571438,0.0001413442,0.00001732598,0.02855424],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.382207,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4943415,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2279294491","doi":"10.5539/hes.v6n2p1","title":"A Comprehensive Review of the Major Studies and Theoretical Models of Student Retention in Higher Education","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Higher Education Studies","topic":"Higher Education Research Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":253,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Attrition; Reputation; Higher education; Psychology; Affect (linguistics); Medical education; Mathematics education; Public relations; Pedagogy; Political science; Sociology; Social science; Medicine","authors":[{"name":"Othman Aljohani","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2466082472712553,"gpt":0.5356471312698988,"spread":0.2890388839986435,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001315661,0.0004604077,0.002228239,0.0003735275,0.000368348,0.00002651456,0.0006079835,0.0001902718,0.000309351],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000305182,0.0002701277,0.0003730023,0.001280052,0.003164236,0.0002231704,0.0004946025,0.0003064716,0.00001578071],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007256949,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002374866,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001062436,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002133078,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9943471,0.002129055,0.001446261,0.0006045567,0.001072395,0.0004006355],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9935124,0.001671386,0.001187272,0.0006428957,0.002882114,0.0001039454],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007029442,0.0006358849,0.0003171008,0.165618,0.001372942,2.518507e-7,0.008145195,6.520845e-8,6.541172e-7,0.7029873,0.03684414,0.08407146],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001120445,0.00002559796,0.002187108,0.1467071,0.0006624506,6.582741e-7,0.009258376,6.073809e-9,3.337938e-7,0.01340338,0.827396,0.0002469359],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0002226477,0.9786609,1.898375e-7,0.01047293,0.004227597,0.002341662,0.00002247185,0.00002110111,0.004030477],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.001249364,0.9799228,0.00009802609,0.0003828032,0.0004997404,0.001770859,0.000008091126,0.00003383465,0.01603449],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7905519,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999751,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1991076664","doi":"10.5539/hes.v4n1p1","title":"Effectiveness of Critical Thinking Instruction in Higher Education: A Systematic Review of Intervention Studies","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Higher Education Studies","topic":"Education and Critical Thinking Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":252,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Psychological intervention; Psychology; Empirical research; Instructional design; Teaching method; Intervention (counseling); Critical thinking; Empirical evidence; Mathematics education; Higher education; Medical education; Medicine","authors":[{"name":"Dawit Tibebu Tiruneh","is_ca":false},{"name":"An Verburgh","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jan Elen","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1483132360144231,"gpt":0.5104885206548887,"spread":0.3621752846404656,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004834882,0.0003678002,0.003214258,0.0004602219,0.0002492516,0.00003279762,0.0003868023,0.0002167066,0.0001921051],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002449469,0.0003016678,0.0004470584,0.001163509,0.0006665604,0.0001995621,0.0001114586,0.0002805819,0.00002827141],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009753113,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00171728,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000071631,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001101067,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9928563,0.003700711,0.002016131,0.0004480524,0.0007220962,0.0002567436],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.993375,0.00292904,0.00102951,0.0004000399,0.002186645,0.00007978418],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"systematic_review","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000146707,0.0004062449,0.00001198133,0.7456523,0.0002493574,8.706001e-8,0.001975953,1.276699e-8,2.055087e-8,0.2435649,0.0006455808,0.00749212],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006916788,0.00002372791,0.00009850117,0.8042364,0.001322409,0.000001573721,0.006338401,4.148077e-9,4.816054e-7,0.01665594,0.1710252,0.0002281043],"study_design_candidate":"systematic_review","study_design_consensus":"systematic_review","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.00002929094,0.9837089,0.000003415709,0.001208771,0.01112098,0.001717382,0.000002725966,0.000038144,0.002170401],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.001500654,0.99239,0.0004223173,0.0002527813,0.0003713526,0.002183408,0.00002843263,0.00002823781,0.002822847],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.226909,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999436,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2605603943","doi":"10.5539/hes.v7n2p43","title":"Pedagogical Digital Competence—Between Values, Knowledge and Skills","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Higher Education Studies","topic":"Digital literacy in education","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":225,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Competence (human resources); Mathematics education; Psychology; Information and Communications Technology; Pedagogy; Knowledge management; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Jörgen From","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.115711097776025,"gpt":0.4328673973300796,"spread":0.3171562995540546,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["scholarly_communication"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001315617,0.000165943,0.0002234157,0.00007774706,0.0005498658,0.00144979,0.0007310868,0.00003877605,0.000009736283],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001051925,0.0001251524,0.0000393467,0.00008868205,0.0002633862,0.002468666,0.0005580935,0.00008274498,0.0001769373],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006413392,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001414203,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004591021,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.978303e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989272,0.00002714672,0.0002343767,0.0004248756,0.0001791028,0.0002072918],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983067,0.0002338508,0.0001823938,0.0007842814,0.0003776767,0.0001150814],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002062976,0.0008176077,0.3833491,0.00008551079,0.000133259,0.000001278275,0.01160998,2.117031e-7,0.00001079712,0.3900041,0.02750311,0.186483],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009811016,0.00002870544,0.6657448,0.00005997896,0.00001084956,0.000003323808,0.0004755718,0.00000266472,0.00003418329,0.03197319,0.3013801,0.0001885808],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.893792,0.005562154,0.0006728346,0.008805587,0.009146223,0.0002734578,0.00001561268,0.000239232,0.08149291],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9481897,0.00007153583,0.00285987,0.0001433354,0.0007097928,0.00004403105,0.000008266884,0.000008255943,0.04796521],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3580309,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995868,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2119953196","doi":"10.5539/hes.v4n1p51","title":"Moving from Marketization to Marketing of Higher Education: The Co-Creation of Value in Higher Education","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Higher Education Studies","topic":"Management and Marketing Education","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":150,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Marketization; Lawrence Kohlberg's stages of moral development; Value (mathematics); Higher education; Sociology; Pedagogy; Process (computing); Value judgment; Marketing; Public relations; Psychology; Mathematics education; Political science; Business; Economics; Social psychology; Moral development; Economic growth; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Kimberly M. Judson","is_ca":false},{"name":"Steven A. Taylor","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02540822735789001,"gpt":0.311264603389712,"spread":0.285856376031822,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001664957,0.0002984423,0.0003916005,0.0006950516,0.0002207856,0.0001398928,0.000371154,0.0000944402,0.001506096],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003319095,0.0002622717,0.00008622056,0.001299386,0.00009937224,0.0007102416,0.0001611121,0.0001283465,0.00007302218],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001829358,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002279701,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001487737,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003934227,"domain_scores_codex":[0.997715,0.0002422482,0.0008248976,0.0004894966,0.0004660067,0.00026235],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9969431,0.0005652708,0.0008993735,0.0005649715,0.001001671,0.00002559312],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002709729,0.001611636,0.3488866,0.001676338,0.0001903112,6.096061e-8,0.0008586033,0.0002495183,0.001300057,0.2046636,0.3924776,0.04781463],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001638711,0.000006948703,0.6073873,0.0004777435,0.0001068355,6.480987e-8,0.001475601,0.00002938367,0.00005847356,0.003760247,0.3863356,0.0001978943],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6860273,0.002665042,0.00003378204,0.02157392,0.01214843,0.001103094,0.000003435563,0.0001016719,0.2763433],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9437112,0.00007994538,0.0007578965,0.003467104,0.003550248,0.0003986926,0.0001821829,0.000045115,0.04780767],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2585007,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999983,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2914020373","doi":"10.5539/hes.v9n1p118","title":"Mitigating Barriers to Persistence: A Review of Efforts to Improve Retention and Graduation Rates for Students of Color in Higher Education","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Higher Education Studies","topic":"Higher Education Research Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":145,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Graduation (instrument); Persistence (discontinuity); Higher education; Psychology; Medical education; Pedagogy; Political science; Medicine; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"Tachelle Banks","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jennifer Dohy","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1911765314741472,"gpt":0.5440276422442929,"spread":0.3528511107701457,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002194492,0.000378914,0.001748679,0.0006745451,0.0003298742,0.00005895338,0.0004225868,0.0001685202,0.000137259],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00173038,0.00034463,0.0002671966,0.001652059,0.0002709149,0.0002240783,0.000185517,0.0001639573,0.0000171373],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008377393,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003390714,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002988874,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007686504,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9961159,0.0005778791,0.001299705,0.0007062515,0.0008864998,0.0004137309],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9949921,0.0008838465,0.0009883023,0.000382554,0.002458697,0.0002944968],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005531582,0.00112434,0.009314719,0.5019622,0.001478185,2.319503e-7,0.03581387,0.000001238868,0.00002900205,0.02008649,0.1199567,0.3101777],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000136639,0.0001490775,0.004284787,0.07081403,0.00057584,1.657135e-7,0.0106691,3.555212e-8,0.000003986694,0.0001667205,0.9128809,0.0003187426],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.003783058,0.9789203,7.751012e-7,0.005176685,0.004091535,0.007284867,0.00005310737,0.00001875212,0.0006708919],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.001668517,0.9686305,0.0008570866,0.0006032684,0.0003926712,0.006635698,0.00007036189,0.00003797579,0.02110391],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7929242,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999006,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2767397248","doi":"10.5539/hes.v7n4p74","title":"Using WhatsApp to Enhance Students’ Learning of English Language “Experience to Share”","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Higher Education Studies","topic":"Mobile Learning in Education","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":143,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Active listening; Enthusiasm; Psychology; Vocabulary; Population; Blackboard (design pattern); Mathematics education; The arts; Medical education; Pedagogy; Computer science; Sociology; Medicine","authors":[{"name":"Mona M. Hamad","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05274661845445248,"gpt":0.435454166805352,"spread":0.3827075483508995,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003039332,0.0001509913,0.0002241675,0.0001507667,0.0005068643,0.0003573769,0.001437796,0.00003455685,0.00004653457],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008593674,0.0001536884,0.00003680438,0.0002619605,0.00006510731,0.0006593327,0.0007691805,0.0001235135,0.000078649],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001443459,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001200058,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001164433,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006164542,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985133,0.00007897362,0.0002673345,0.0004812961,0.0004152514,0.0002438309],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9975553,0.00009295638,0.0002884432,0.0009946293,0.0009546271,0.0001140103],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000157572,0.0006863229,0.2818416,0.0001628408,0.000129886,0.000001845091,0.6525288,0.002037527,0.01028659,0.007757022,0.008728827,0.03582297],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001863126,0.0002302827,0.7469244,0.0007813728,0.00003120449,0.000001692063,0.06992047,0.000109582,0.02316593,0.0001497385,0.1577322,0.0007668403],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9857999,0.000643447,0.004784591,0.0008107511,0.006306973,0.000270314,5.481624e-7,0.00009189547,0.001291564],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9676746,0.00001826979,0.02463083,0.0003925562,0.0005605025,0.0001951963,9.236356e-7,0.00001315845,0.006513944],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5826083,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6267232,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1973654007","doi":"10.5539/hes.v2n2p125","title":"Factors Influencing the Use of Learning Management System in Saudi Arabian Higher Education: A Theoretical Framework","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Higher Education Studies","topic":"Online and Blended Learning","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":134,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Learning Management; Competence (human resources); Higher education; External variable; Variables; Mathematics education; Psychology; Medical education; Knowledge management; Computer science; Political science; Medicine","authors":[{"name":"Mohammed J. Asiri","is_ca":false},{"name":"Rosnaini Mahmud","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kamariah Abu Bakar","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ahmad Fauzi Bin Mohd Ayub","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0859784951371037,"gpt":0.3865067404091168,"spread":0.3005282452720131,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005931265,0.0001350641,0.0002104436,0.000130178,0.0004668403,0.00006013316,0.0001587321,0.00008385903,0.0002569821],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001087847,0.00009370578,0.00005771799,0.0005899179,0.0003275415,0.0003255198,0.00007158279,0.0002885121,0.00002456734],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002794309,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002353247,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001735903,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001991702,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983791,0.0004800565,0.0003018164,0.0001706595,0.0003437503,0.0003246733],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987528,0.0005946656,0.0001875935,0.0001893468,0.0002020135,0.00007354766],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002898362,0.0001230603,0.3035766,0.00006474208,0.00004984809,7.454245e-8,0.01662692,0.00002478857,0.000001157072,0.6756566,0.001021451,0.00285188],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003266795,0.000007850097,0.3292045,0.0002941859,0.00004294466,1.039541e-7,0.1759783,3.825222e-7,0.000003258139,0.0009620093,0.4933774,0.00009638997],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.975989,0.004264256,0.00001300628,0.004285362,0.003530303,0.0002757279,4.307298e-7,0.00006739364,0.01157446],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9882085,0.0001936867,0.001475819,0.0002093614,0.0008951922,0.00008194677,0.000002415646,0.00001281178,0.008920243],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6746945,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3821211,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2487527547","doi":"10.5539/hes.v6n3p72","title":"Technology, Demographic Characteristics and E-Learning Acceptance: A Conceptual Model Based on Extended Technology Acceptance Model","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Higher Education Studies","topic":"Technology Adoption and User Behaviour","field":"Decision Sciences","cited_by":122,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Technology acceptance model; Psychology; Conceptual model; Knowledge management; Affect (linguistics); Conceptual framework; Social influence; Quality (philosophy); Social psychology; Computer science; Usability; Sociology","authors":[{"name":"Ali Tarhini","is_ca":false},{"name":"Tariq Elyas","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mohammed Ali Akour","is_ca":false},{"name":"Zahran Al‐Salti","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.09866837878738649,"gpt":0.3979386593165764,"spread":0.2992702805291899,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006449965,0.0003477698,0.0005537798,0.001782962,0.0005678612,0.00006827389,0.0007343708,0.0004715412,0.000157329],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001070463,0.0002336606,0.00008516183,0.001832403,0.001872394,0.0003002482,0.0002635618,0.000534353,0.0001154835],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001017315,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002079704,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":4.67249e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002804091,"domain_scores_codex":[0.997229,0.0001025023,0.0006815081,0.0009676913,0.0005836806,0.0004356084],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9970337,0.0004244866,0.0004763812,0.0008843749,0.001087144,0.00009397801],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001506944,0.0007374992,0.507475,0.00001488543,0.0001047129,0.000005805236,0.0007524898,0.00041617,0.004514469,0.2439578,0.01357312,0.2282974],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00406685,0.0007214467,0.5863909,0.0005563743,0.000240001,0.00003387548,0.03140292,0.02360824,0.001585644,0.2994412,0.04974183,0.002210732],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9599603,0.001662014,0.009566605,0.02669057,0.0006977189,0.000268517,0.00002301324,0.0007199241,0.0004113341],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9780192,0.000447993,0.009239657,0.001000874,0.0000491758,0.0003154259,0.000002119268,0.00002912763,0.01089642],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2260867,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9528402,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2137671009","doi":"10.5539/hes.v2n3p16","title":"Impacting Pre-service Teachers’ Attitudes toward Inclusion","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Higher Education Studies","topic":"Collaborative Teaching and Inclusion","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":99,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Inclusion (mineral); Preparedness; Curriculum; Special education; Teacher education; Feeling; Psychology; Mainstreaming; Pedagogy; Medical education; Teacher preparation; Mathematics education; Service (business); Medicine; Political science; Social psychology","authors":[{"name":"Roben W. Taylor","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ravic P. Ringlaben","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1122828909022961,"gpt":0.4613686166931759,"spread":0.3490857257908797,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00119351,0.0001237279,0.0001588416,0.000076983,0.00269495,0.00005150791,0.000166572,0.00006636838,0.0002390148],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001943916,0.0001056405,0.00003563456,0.0005199869,0.00009738123,0.0006002131,0.0005050683,0.0001454951,0.00008070386],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006767465,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002683359,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003227628,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007116678,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986345,0.0003400055,0.0001718967,0.0001623233,0.0003685,0.0003227553],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989758,0.0002018775,0.0001242309,0.0001406522,0.0004270056,0.0001304365],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008634917,0.0003369743,0.2434763,0.00002996919,0.00005301445,5.863789e-8,0.7125687,0.000001387803,0.0004089071,0.01174342,0.02372833,0.007644299],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008063719,0.000014667,0.3047844,0.00006415134,0.00002540128,1.862836e-7,0.103646,2.648751e-7,0.0000554946,0.0004600257,0.5907152,0.0001535342],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9458313,0.01164735,0.00001056622,0.01331288,0.003182425,0.0001710246,0.000001216536,0.0001524503,0.02569082],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9860912,0.0003451496,0.0005885045,0.001176407,0.001863733,0.00004387044,0.000004194379,0.00001147472,0.009875478],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6089227,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9986034,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2353166578","doi":"10.5539/hes.v6n2p154","title":"Difficulties in Teaching English for Specific Purposes: Empirical Study at Vietnam Universities","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Higher Education Studies","topic":"Second Language Learning and Teaching","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":81,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Graduation (instrument); Listing (finance); English language; English for specific purposes; Mathematics education; Unemployment; Empirical research; Psychology; Work (physics); Pedagogy; Medical education; Engineering; Business; Economic growth; Medicine; Mathematics","authors":[{"name":"Nguyen Thi To Hoa","is_ca":false},{"name":"Pham Thi Tuyet","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07299368131764414,"gpt":0.342789640508169,"spread":0.2697959591905249,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002668594,0.0001684404,0.000245409,0.0001742859,0.0007047405,0.00009167353,0.0001166459,0.00002802849,0.0008823283],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003538757,0.0001104024,0.00006785618,0.00002827602,0.0001472048,0.0002498258,0.00007250605,0.0001231323,0.00003854516],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003249285,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003875017,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001006703,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005890058,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989815,0.0001529472,0.0002249278,0.0002888966,0.0001296711,0.0002220443],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990208,0.000497593,0.00009050074,0.0001686248,0.0001890391,0.00003347458],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006153709,0.0007229523,0.04403564,0.00004860537,0.0001715528,0.000002482861,0.8229799,0.000002018612,0.00002303054,0.03764631,0.08800442,0.006301565],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004021781,0.00006997633,0.01553936,0.00005082001,0.00001638288,2.367252e-7,0.5102726,1.025359e-7,0.000002671746,0.00005142222,0.4734775,0.0001168198],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9809989,0.003480652,0.000002615532,0.0009863342,0.002960463,0.0002921835,0.00001053409,0.0001270752,0.01114129],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8356071,0.00003069441,0.00004698283,0.000201846,0.001412218,0.0001100742,0.000006960451,0.00001775541,0.1625664],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.385473,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9660876,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3035867985","doi":"10.5539/hes.v10n3p34","title":"Challenges in Acculturation among International Students from Asian Collectivist Cultures","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Higher Education Studies","topic":"International Student and Expatriate Challenges","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":77,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Acculturation; Collectivism; Psychology; Mental health; Social psychology; Coping (psychology); Stressor; Context (archaeology); Conceptual framework; Population; Ethnic group; Clinical psychology; Sociology; Political science; Social science; Individualism; Psychotherapist","authors":[{"name":"Kyunghee Ma","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ronald Pitner","is_ca":false},{"name":"Izumi Sakamoto","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1497919985576813,"gpt":0.4454629864118718,"spread":0.2956709878541905,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001816265,0.0001331092,0.0001796395,0.00007354667,0.0002862164,0.0001478454,0.000396149,0.00007396874,0.0002775143],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001177399,0.0001207616,0.00005238481,0.0002016585,0.0001091947,0.0003943738,0.00009532832,0.0001163871,0.0000764728],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003119195,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007372314,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001232991,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007168808,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984845,0.0001373768,0.000239761,0.0003296502,0.0006472144,0.000161522],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992543,0.00008986438,0.0001254989,0.00006636188,0.0003879599,0.0000759516],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007412653,0.0005012407,0.1591632,0.00001633611,0.0004211762,0.000003664391,0.7772141,0.000007981312,0.00005709091,0.03058763,0.02739078,0.004562721],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002779335,0.00001575211,0.4822648,0.00003851295,0.0000119559,3.97246e-8,0.3693045,7.28022e-7,0.00002135954,0.001285637,0.1466481,0.0001306817],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8162827,0.007545667,0.00000126446,0.08863454,0.003417043,0.0002694436,0.000006643295,0.00007919155,0.0837635],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9828666,0.01025898,0.00005484406,0.000541152,0.002213402,0.00008758871,0.00003133804,0.00000881549,0.003937236],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4079095,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4924516,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1995897394","doi":"10.5539/hes.v4n4p24","title":"The Development of Approaches to Learning and Perceptions of the Teaching-Learning Environment During Bachelor Level Studies and Their Relation to Study Success","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Higher Education Studies","topic":"Educational Environments and Student Outcomes","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":75,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Bachelor; Psychology; Mathematics education; Learning environment; Perception; Confirmatory factor analysis; Structural equation modeling; Set (abstract data type); Bachelor degree; Sample (material); Teaching method; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Henna Asikainen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Anna Parpala","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sari Lindblom‐Ylänne","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gert Vanthournout","is_ca":false},{"name":"Liesje Coertjens","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1351260549384879,"gpt":0.3730026974309508,"spread":0.2378766424924629,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00123962,0.0001146886,0.0001817653,0.00005127963,0.002576959,0.00003004728,0.0001281542,0.0000207744,0.000008662109],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000224683,0.00006721236,0.00002379137,0.00009498335,0.0002295822,0.00006856232,0.0002596432,0.0001203792,0.000002363618],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001198799,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003937831,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003865323,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001178377,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986482,0.00042955,0.0002895391,0.000206664,0.0002926871,0.000133395],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991606,0.0004805242,0.0001576365,0.0001057929,0.00004812381,0.00004728078],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004009446,0.0001175285,0.6564926,0.00001844581,0.0001353184,2.450553e-9,0.332765,0.00007850888,0.00007544462,0.003016096,0.00001671297,0.007280422],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005508298,0.00002117834,0.6392534,0.00002280888,0.00001750104,4.42845e-8,0.3531761,2.894524e-7,0.00001682455,0.0000963571,0.007288767,0.00005164058],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9928506,0.00110004,0.0000408008,0.004838551,0.0002318917,0.000413766,3.739781e-7,0.00000805018,0.0005159416],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9914273,0.0002113941,0.0009655241,0.00002710061,0.00007457525,0.0001679244,4.860879e-7,0.000007533845,0.007118183],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02041119,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9987215,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2980117269","doi":"10.5539/hes.v9n4p80","title":"A Study on Academic Adaptation of International Students in China","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Higher Education Studies","topic":"International Student and Expatriate Challenges","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":74,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Preparedness; Adaptation (eye); Psychology; China; Higher education; International education; Mathematics education; Pedagogy; Political science","authors":[{"name":"Mudassir Hussain","is_ca":false},{"name":"Hong Shen","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.09878415437915952,"gpt":0.4652236580488363,"spread":0.3664395036696768,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005189992,0.00008363605,0.0001526759,0.0002114381,0.00007393718,0.00001738942,0.0003204291,0.00004516395,0.0001931769],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004046624,0.00007772582,0.00003362857,0.0001907559,0.00004399447,0.000159445,0.0000618388,0.0001182181,0.0001161442],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002339712,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007439816,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010443,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004625167,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985615,0.0001194535,0.0002625811,0.0001842808,0.0007582956,0.0001139046],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993956,0.0001102626,0.0001466545,0.0000809735,0.0002449222,0.00002155342],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000038072,0.0007616244,0.7559308,0.000005171204,0.00009110416,3.477388e-7,0.2245153,0.000036949,0.000008971552,0.01781878,0.0003665643,0.0004262906],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003537096,0.00006350536,0.6300005,0.00004266425,0.000005733843,2.745831e-8,0.3621271,4.698184e-7,0.000005293906,0.000443019,0.006903221,0.00005471516],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9770803,0.0008139914,3.241005e-7,0.002096256,0.004201232,0.000397529,0.000001410163,0.00001700568,0.01539188],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9878001,0.0008595564,0.00001154766,0.00008693375,0.0003300892,0.00005074656,0.000004005286,0.000006089202,0.0108509],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1376118,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3169567,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3137323162","doi":"10.5539/hes.v11n2p42","title":"Drivers and Barriers of Implementing Sustainability Curricula in Higher Education - Assumptions and Evidence","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Higher Education Studies","topic":"Sustainability in Higher Education","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":73,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Volkswagen Foundation; EUROPEAN Fisheries Control Agency; Niedersächsische Ministerium für Wissenschaft und Kultur","keywords":"Sustainability; Curriculum; Outreach; Incentive; Higher education; Sustainability organizations; Sustainable development; Engineering ethics; Public relations; Business; Political science; Psychology; Pedagogy; Engineering; Economics","authors":[{"name":"Marie Weiss","is_ca":false},{"name":"Matthias Barth","is_ca":false},{"name":"Arnim Wiek","is_ca":false},{"name":"Henrik von Wehrden","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0775119062792819,"gpt":0.4512401751153609,"spread":0.373728268836079,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001042072,0.0001454603,0.0002480465,0.0001896104,0.0005226501,0.00007547064,0.0001043188,0.00008319423,0.000416977],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001195016,0.0001607282,0.00003941192,0.0008684694,0.0007113104,0.0006099742,0.0001272905,0.0001230783,0.000001430822],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001012844,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003251698,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002201879,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006281438,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979824,0.0005353095,0.000407792,0.0004455445,0.0003014807,0.0003275005],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9966652,0.0006528231,0.0002023319,0.0002700996,0.002063333,0.0001462045],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004438837,0.0002026896,0.860756,0.0003711352,0.00002904482,3.446884e-7,0.02833628,0.000003011545,0.0000383533,0.104899,0.002595344,0.002764327],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009063383,0.00001063292,0.6602557,0.0001371545,0.00004645506,5.230359e-7,0.2568126,3.28946e-7,0.00002609462,0.01624252,0.06624682,0.0001305092],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.945536,0.02040755,0.000001221338,0.03068422,0.001565923,0.0004181149,0.000001678703,0.0000293708,0.001355944],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9881335,0.001440334,0.0004150973,0.000246975,0.0002374576,0.0002462423,0.000005238452,0.000009014735,0.009266124],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2284763,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6554307,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2057990887","doi":"10.5539/hes.v4n2p77","title":"Do Active-Learning Strategies Improve Students’ Critical Thinking?","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Higher Education Studies","topic":"Innovative Teaching Methods","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":73,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Texas at Arlington","keywords":"Critical thinking; Active learning (machine learning); Mathematics education; Psychology; Teaching method; Service-learning; Tracking (education); Field (mathematics); Cooperative learning; Pedagogy; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Larry P. Nelson","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mary Lynn Crow","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.08304008062292274,"gpt":0.5130303849358374,"spread":0.4299903043129147,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00290779,0.0001489856,0.0002360271,0.0001070042,0.001699124,0.0003367128,0.0003237463,0.00007904969,0.0002099],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001424408,0.0001351115,0.00004600489,0.0003459681,0.0005642215,0.0004557913,0.000118485,0.0003688979,0.0000685726],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002214941,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002868879,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002085636,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003214206,"domain_scores_codex":[0.997084,0.001421977,0.0002185962,0.0003112312,0.000639672,0.0003245266],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9974908,0.00128701,0.0001176321,0.0001675072,0.0008759377,0.00006111719],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006278711,0.0001284042,0.0170553,0.00002199396,0.00006206412,1.551496e-7,0.04873707,0.000001326534,0.0001621812,0.9263742,0.002598292,0.004852727],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001603399,0.00007747783,0.1367114,0.00006431147,0.00004253742,2.415686e-7,0.2609746,5.721542e-7,0.0001023853,0.1461279,0.4554553,0.0002828783],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7174386,0.0009553469,0.001755822,0.008702088,0.009303901,0.0002781459,0.000001097982,0.0003840687,0.2611809],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9776209,0.00004017167,0.006948568,0.0006241224,0.001508121,0.00008020892,0.000001474696,0.00001670338,0.01315973],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7802463,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996005,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2504943491","doi":"10.5539/hes.v6n3p90","title":"Understanding Students’ Experiences of Well-Being in Learning Environments","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Higher Education Studies","topic":"Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction","field":"Psychology","cited_by":71,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Centre for Teaching and Learning, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia; Simon Fraser University","keywords":"Psychology; Higher education; Context (archaeology); Relevance (law); Experiential learning; Focus group; Charter; Active learning (machine learning); Pedagogy; Learning sciences; Cooperative learning; Well-being; Qualitative research; Teaching method; Sociology; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Alisa Stanton","is_ca":false},{"name":"David B. Zandvliet","is_ca":false},{"name":"Rosie Dhaliwal","is_ca":false},{"name":"Tara Black","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1175765230509219,"gpt":0.4067949462557676,"spread":0.2892184232048457,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002505108,0.0001125045,0.0001861203,0.0001367088,0.00008965813,0.000008519083,0.0001139279,0.00006109905,0.001442094],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002062009,0.00007750099,0.00003463752,0.0001628974,0.000155743,0.00008775556,0.00003954554,0.00008715624,0.0001789296],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001753747,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008233911,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001853753,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001898197,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988561,0.0001786399,0.0002874172,0.0002816009,0.0002037607,0.0001924829],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994172,0.0002432723,0.0001470019,0.0001433482,0.0000154958,0.00003370965],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005726211,0.0004408241,0.8917709,0.00001258638,0.0001386395,0.000001939732,0.06340661,0.000004108668,0.001233972,0.03745386,0.003228332,0.002250993],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006739259,0.0001270105,0.7496578,0.0001677939,0.00001648,0.000001667122,0.2210759,8.38081e-8,0.0002825795,0.007909114,0.01990798,0.0001796769],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9359044,0.0008466503,0.0001683136,0.0003856795,0.002932929,0.00009201938,1.501563e-7,0.0000264553,0.0596434],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9775129,0.0003370057,0.00003443375,0.00009953329,0.0001110576,0.0001268742,6.602793e-7,0.000009047965,0.0217685],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1576693,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994707,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2208456809","doi":"10.5539/hes.v5n6p47","title":"The Impact of Hands-On-Approach on Student Academic Performance in Basic Science and Mathematics","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Higher Education Studies","topic":"African Education and Politics","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":67,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Mathematics education; Test (biology); Curriculum; Psychology; Computer science; Pedagogy","authors":[{"name":"Cecilia Olunwa Ekwueme","is_ca":false},{"name":"Esther Etop Ekon","is_ca":false},{"name":"Dorothy C. Ezenwa-Nebife","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1665054240037103,"gpt":0.488832482806031,"spread":0.3223270588023207,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001354718,0.00007184585,0.0001100427,0.0001094036,0.0003845925,0.00003370716,0.0002054596,0.00002641894,0.000005962861],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002530901,0.00004454418,0.00001473718,0.0005144859,0.0009847683,0.0001025932,0.00003379902,0.0001052108,0.00001331051],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000453118,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001372615,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007867798,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004844911,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989851,0.00006189874,0.0001684269,0.000118691,0.0004722842,0.0001936516],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989725,0.0002387488,0.0001059283,0.0001360606,0.0004492936,0.0000974048],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001597281,0.0007945078,0.2256353,0.00002693833,0.0000334217,3.387688e-8,0.3595511,0.00009994002,0.000004611593,0.3776075,0.0347552,0.001475455],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002995515,0.0002179108,0.716746,0.00006483163,0.00001003535,3.623448e-7,0.2591566,0.00001940681,0.00002648879,0.002461505,0.02087579,0.0001215787],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9315428,0.0006049663,1.652966e-7,0.001713568,0.0004410517,0.0001473136,6.086588e-7,0.000008015454,0.06554156],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9927286,0.0005866786,0.00005691635,0.0001475315,0.0001542043,0.00004325004,2.396683e-7,0.000003723221,0.00627885],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4911106,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.362842,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2133804591","doi":"10.5539/hes.v4n3p38","title":"Data for Flipped Classroom Design: Using Student Feedback to Identify the Best Components from Online and Face-to-Face Classes","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Higher Education Studies","topic":"Innovative Teaching Methods","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":67,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Flipped classroom; Blended learning; Face-to-face; Interactivity; Flexibility (engineering); Psychology; Mathematics education; Class (philosophy); Higher education; Modalities; Computer science; Medical education; Educational technology; Multimedia; Sociology; Mathematics","authors":[{"name":"Thad Crews","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jeff Butterfield","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.464585460245001,"gpt":0.5612002796750992,"spread":0.09661481943009825,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002397255,0.0001758917,0.0002887723,0.00009032371,0.001189517,0.0002085239,0.0006966119,0.00005335774,0.00001271443],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007915343,0.000136823,0.00002297584,0.0003984427,0.0002047746,0.0002280217,0.0005105808,0.000127519,0.00002796035],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002024466,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001348241,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001092778,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005519969,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9975081,0.001031503,0.000304849,0.000477303,0.0003901506,0.0002881043],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9969242,0.001807828,0.0001651393,0.0005290851,0.0004830303,0.0000907747],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003468386,0.003792736,0.2557199,0.0002035162,0.002438728,7.36274e-7,0.3128326,0.0008073132,0.04836345,0.03952211,0.2852586,0.05071357],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003396505,0.00007372883,0.4374095,0.0001371797,0.0001571878,1.671127e-7,0.1256236,0.00007934035,0.000116062,0.002410898,0.4333279,0.0003248352],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9374064,0.0007878748,0.04013328,0.01703469,0.003313496,0.001010204,0.0001165881,0.00004687659,0.0001506406],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8426979,0.0000654369,0.1505755,0.002197367,0.001401127,0.0001005171,0.00006854515,0.00002704042,0.002866518],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.187209,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.914892,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2346796294","doi":"10.5539/hes.v6n2p119","title":"Barriers and Challenges of Female Adult Students Enrolled in Higher Education: A Literature Review","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Higher Education Studies","topic":"Higher Education Research Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":66,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology; Medical education; Higher education; Population; Pedagogy; Developmental psychology; Demography; Medicine; Political science; Sociology","authors":[{"name":"Xi Lin","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1396430238981928,"gpt":0.5103862335405331,"spread":0.3707432096423403,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001451765,0.0006309372,0.002512948,0.0007104943,0.0004472952,0.0001050928,0.0008063996,0.0003487758,0.000983167],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006829028,0.000458358,0.0003112972,0.001580574,0.0008258047,0.0003375518,0.0003128712,0.0004209118,0.00009126084],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006866825,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003818802,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007953806,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008894799,"domain_scores_codex":[0.994498,0.00166616,0.001216056,0.0009005191,0.001134096,0.0005852159],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.994988,0.001000368,0.000838587,0.0006622599,0.002155472,0.000355344],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000127804,0.0009113583,0.002371997,0.1965266,0.001449863,0.000003878698,0.02395724,5.052999e-9,6.49979e-8,0.138606,0.1109661,0.5251942],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001606785,0.00002429946,0.002105272,0.1465003,0.0002636536,0.000001254157,0.006181236,2.195981e-10,3.303768e-8,0.0004143036,0.8439877,0.0003612009],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.00004209472,0.9608886,1.409349e-8,0.02037942,0.004464865,0.002074653,0.00003065142,0.00004795771,0.01207176],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00009121489,0.9089847,0.00005494178,0.0006506211,0.001328288,0.003749892,0.00001722623,0.00004978434,0.08507334],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7330216,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999301,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2956045592","doi":"10.5539/hes.v9n3p52","title":"Revisiting the Tinto's Theoretical Dropout Model","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Higher Education Studies","topic":"Higher Education Research Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":65,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico","keywords":"Dropout (neural networks); Context (archaeology); Mathematics education; Higher education; Process (computing); Psychology; Relation (database); Institution; Computer science; Sociology; Social science; Political science","authors":[{"name":"Maria do Carmo Nicoletti","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0809558806872078,"gpt":0.4749301780644514,"spread":0.3939742973772437,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.001412162,0.0001693775,0.0002508439,0.00008760148,0.001289658,0.0001490745,0.0004247352,0.00006333709,0.002354625],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000447423,0.0001151506,0.00009168269,0.0005091021,0.00126836,0.0001888031,0.0001717743,0.0002384878,0.001849832],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002824176,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006940985,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000151937,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002762807,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976977,0.0004328747,0.0002920751,0.0003546872,0.0007394169,0.0004832473],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9973455,0.0009783532,0.0001213011,0.0004428081,0.000995193,0.00011686],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004957893,0.00005117441,0.01491771,0.00003275069,0.00008473171,6.802272e-8,0.02345414,0.00001373459,0.00003589367,0.9001951,0.06022754,0.0009822497],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009841924,0.00000814021,0.01433786,0.00006965584,0.00003358827,3.209078e-7,0.04691851,0.00001689796,0.0000070776,0.02989192,0.9084118,0.0002058293],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4373185,0.009498925,0.00004112318,0.1866547,0.003816263,0.0008053185,0.00000420179,0.0001936212,0.3616674],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7848936,0.001038217,0.0006850117,0.001559675,0.001584206,0.0002114216,0.000003398686,0.0000169491,0.2100075],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8703031,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9989274,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2022089175","doi":"10.5539/hes.v2n2p138","title":"Construct Validity Examination of Critical Thinking Dispositions for Undergraduate Students in University Putra Malaysia","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Higher Education Studies","topic":"Education and Critical Thinking Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":64,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Construct validity; Cronbach's alpha; Psychology; Construct (python library); Likert scale; Reliability (semiconductor); Confirmatory factor analysis; Critical thinking; Validity; Test validity; Psychometrics; Social psychology; Mathematics education; Developmental psychology; Structural equation modeling; Statistics; Computer science; Mathematics","authors":[{"name":"Ibrahim Nazem Mahmoud Ghadi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Nor Hayati Alwi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kamariah Abu Bakar","is_ca":false},{"name":"Othman Talib","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1005697901656241,"gpt":0.4241008186359654,"spread":0.3235310284703413,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008979446,0.00007333276,0.000137488,0.0001152957,0.0004629841,0.00002615348,0.0001357725,0.00004957819,0.00006489193],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002037084,0.00007912322,0.00003817113,0.0003011422,0.0003704572,0.0002848482,0.00003644569,0.00006381993,0.000007339663],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003570286,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002531587,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006630272,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003879195,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988972,0.0002652933,0.0001813237,0.0001279552,0.0003084785,0.0002197698],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987038,0.0006572006,0.00005660834,0.00007637662,0.0004272818,0.00007870475],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003566321,0.0006220535,0.09355255,0.00005639192,0.00002075331,7.250853e-8,0.02337963,4.085217e-7,0.000007875062,0.8809098,0.001024944,0.0004219369],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002167688,0.00001724675,0.8208787,0.00009223835,0.00006318106,3.21711e-7,0.08629646,4.828919e-7,0.00005303653,0.06845006,0.02378068,0.0001508215],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9719226,0.0004287378,0.0003624745,0.01713908,0.003096776,0.000298635,0.000007477292,0.00003833316,0.006705921],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9931947,0.0001111232,0.004036867,0.0002649086,0.0001791323,0.00002680984,0.000009256979,0.000004714677,0.002172466],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8124598,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3560947,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2742873291","doi":"10.5539/hes.v7n3p132","title":"Quality Management in Higher Education: Review and Perspectives","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Higher Education Studies","topic":"Organizational Leadership and Management Strategies","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":61,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Higher education; Enthusiasm; Transformational leadership; Quality (philosophy); Constructive; Public relations; Psychology; Sociology; Political science; Computer science; Social psychology","authors":[{"name":"Anastasia Papanthymou","is_ca":false},{"name":"Μαρία Δάρρα","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1785842501659146,"gpt":0.3899389530743353,"spread":0.2113547029084207,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002362307,0.0001740823,0.000246622,0.0001729984,0.0004261144,0.0003509292,0.0002289263,0.00002772551,0.0009784566],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002801266,0.0001601093,0.0000305801,0.0002117262,0.0001521385,0.001239707,0.0002334475,0.00006831499,0.0001544686],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006170214,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003480987,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000121751,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002609427,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990541,0.00001498666,0.0002514367,0.0003463222,0.0001735091,0.0001595877],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989924,0.00001883559,0.0002730266,0.0003845519,0.0003202526,0.00001089103],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003498198,0.0002006803,0.02262098,0.002294369,0.00008851314,4.881671e-7,0.0000959168,1.880885e-7,0.000001029611,0.9002107,0.0724814,0.002002269],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001217204,0.000001426567,0.6240204,0.0002467813,0.0000952548,1.333994e-7,0.006516225,5.871513e-8,2.267689e-7,0.01286456,0.3559846,0.0001486652],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.01436637,0.121864,0.000001811988,0.2577572,0.003577778,0.0007634384,0.000001108359,0.0001179804,0.6015503],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8786929,0.009485565,0.00017656,0.01277206,0.001301347,0.0002100871,0.00001473862,0.00001953206,0.09732724],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8873461,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999348,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4289831510","doi":"10.5539/hes.v12n3p122","title":"Inclusion and Belonging in Higher Education: A Scoping Study of Contexts, Barriers, and Facilitators","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Higher Education Studies","topic":"Higher Education Research Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":61,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Inclusion (mineral); Context (archaeology); Psychology; Curriculum; Ethnic group; Feeling; Mental health; Social exclusion; Inclusion–exclusion principle; Identity (music); Higher education; Racism; Pedagogy; Social psychology; Sociology; Political science; Gender studies; Psychotherapist","authors":[{"name":"Steven D. Taff","is_ca":false},{"name":"Maribeth Clifton","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05637380746683635,"gpt":0.4361606117493392,"spread":0.3797868042825029,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001137364,0.0001634894,0.0003517919,0.0004252628,0.002845929,0.00004341413,0.0001898018,0.0000327327,0.0007307206],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001663823,0.0001693827,0.00002375286,0.0009377158,0.0004676609,0.0002418364,0.001024411,0.0001969229,0.000001880347],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004155521,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001053598,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002674072,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008058681,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974758,0.0007361925,0.0004098949,0.0004179285,0.0006633856,0.0002968179],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986292,0.0004534065,0.0001681438,0.0001952487,0.0003993166,0.0001546871],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002719312,0.000851921,0.6530556,0.0001902798,0.0001136787,8.945926e-7,0.3041225,0.000005658241,0.00002358401,0.02987154,0.007648447,0.004088645],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004099096,0.0001215821,0.3922128,0.0001735244,0.00002427279,4.064176e-7,0.5022813,1.782336e-7,0.000002574687,0.001648587,0.1029435,0.000181376],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9356264,0.04501399,1.213318e-7,0.01430372,0.001912402,0.0009320641,0.000005269041,0.00003297162,0.002173012],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9838089,0.001010805,0.00006099809,0.0003694172,0.0001695834,0.001129604,0.000002796558,0.0000120858,0.01343586],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2608428,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9984522,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2144899425","doi":"10.5539/hes.v3n1p50","title":"Why Did They Come Here? –The Influences and Expectations of First-Year Students’ College Experience","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Higher Education Studies","topic":"Higher Education Research Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":60,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Attendance; Perception; Psychology; Institution; Higher education; Medical education; Mathematics education; Sociology; Medicine; Social science; Political science","authors":[{"name":"Louis S. Nadelson","is_ca":false},{"name":"Carrie Semmelroth","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gregory Martinez","is_ca":false},{"name":"Matthew Featherstone","is_ca":false},{"name":"Casey Alex Fuhriman","is_ca":false},{"name":"Andrew Gary Sell","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05421351727917721,"gpt":0.437064392770633,"spread":0.3828508754914557,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003273279,0.0001471736,0.0002401245,0.000117157,0.00156819,0.0001292017,0.0004659476,0.0000430004,0.0005181331],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002912735,0.0001046557,0.00004349419,0.0005488063,0.001483671,0.0004223627,0.0001728436,0.00009965764,0.00007383859],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001111108,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015408,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003638074,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001675589,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980798,0.0002774917,0.000326946,0.0002732637,0.0007434064,0.0002990837],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9972786,0.000968629,0.0001703992,0.0002701195,0.001199397,0.000112859],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002761736,0.0001868746,0.8125546,0.00002904706,0.0001033914,8.330457e-8,0.1206514,7.280069e-7,0.00001353294,0.02245236,0.04396017,0.00004504922],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008293342,0.00001845076,0.5396974,0.00003123458,0.00001237664,1.46442e-7,0.3654082,1.047201e-7,0.00001176588,0.001655051,0.09299562,0.00008674448],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9507936,0.00688598,8.414133e-7,0.03651216,0.001004731,0.000659709,0.000006667777,0.00004344093,0.00409286],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9884819,0.002138469,0.0002414391,0.0005000134,0.0002336444,0.001545846,0.000001238452,0.000009460748,0.006848012],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2728572,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997317,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":[],"domain":null,"study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":[],"domain":null,"study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"}],"label_agreement":"agree"},{"id":"W2921978351","doi":"10.5539/hes.v9n2p81","title":"The Efficacy of Evolving Technology in Conceptualizing Pedagogy and Practice in Higher Education","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Higher Education Studies","topic":"Online and Blended Learning","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":58,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Likert scale; Technology integration; Higher education; Numeracy; Information and Communications Technology; Digital literacy; Function (biology); Psychology; Pedagogy; Exploratory research; Information technology; Educational technology; Professional development; Mathematics education; Literacy; Sociology; Computer science; Political science; Social science","authors":[{"name":"Wahab Ali","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06155009523630905,"gpt":0.4583162261733253,"spread":0.3967661309370163,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006564801,0.00006753053,0.0001445462,0.0001668773,0.0001677218,0.00002530908,0.0001014231,0.0000672625,0.0001018131],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000679285,0.00005503264,0.00001319805,0.0005545806,0.0002514683,0.0002409362,0.00004780903,0.0001519184,0.00001406537],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001067831,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00086045,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004983023,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003496027,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990379,0.0002721845,0.000220017,0.0001653005,0.0001389168,0.000165671],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978291,0.0015858,0.0001700556,0.000117966,0.0002794653,0.00001758688],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003626021,0.0005268226,0.3134244,0.00005654246,0.00005078343,3.540806e-7,0.04441552,0.000008350586,0.0003439066,0.5467232,0.003496906,0.09091696],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001612526,0.00001832121,0.1679903,0.00008454265,0.000009564406,3.552935e-7,0.245372,3.908087e-7,0.000008363692,0.001776737,0.5845148,0.0000634145],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8561461,0.04440254,1.301105e-7,0.06836113,0.001856248,0.0002354005,1.512932e-7,0.00002162936,0.02897666],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9824768,0.001892351,0.0005335077,0.000172798,0.0002079314,0.00003745158,8.053553e-7,0.000005787041,0.01467263],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5810179,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2244166,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2517684161","doi":"10.5539/hes.v6n4p23","title":"The Investigation on Brand Image of University Education and Students’ Word-of-Mouth Behavior","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Higher Education Studies","topic":"Customer Service Quality and Loyalty","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":58,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology; Word of mouth; Structural equation modeling; Loyalty; Brand image; Brand loyalty; Social psychology; Advertising; Marketing; Mathematics; Business; Statistics","authors":[{"name":"Chin-Tsu Chen","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05507295704085352,"gpt":0.3193358805397398,"spread":0.2642629234988863,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002859209,0.00008032707,0.0001140772,0.0001047372,0.0001884543,0.00003427466,0.0001235485,0.00002365782,0.00002657009],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003241021,0.000051232,0.0000250899,0.0002310605,0.0001841833,0.0003789102,0.00007853111,0.00003109748,0.00001988707],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002963331,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005198604,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002655622,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000685989,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994304,0.00002974341,0.0001638216,0.0001315583,0.0001699205,0.00007452281],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990252,0.0001489526,0.0002401026,0.0001564125,0.0004207475,0.000008622673],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000238816,0.001263789,0.7306233,0.0006931304,0.0001914667,2.608373e-7,0.00270575,3.330969e-7,0.002612111,0.1101359,0.02688368,0.1246515],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000256341,0.000005637708,0.9446822,0.000130874,0.00009327906,8.849552e-8,0.008734172,9.281742e-8,0.0001807901,0.001198375,0.04464369,0.00007450538],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9935129,0.0005774611,0.000001016519,0.004005012,0.0007953938,0.0001569155,0.000001975327,0.00001600081,0.0009333167],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9938977,0.0001394392,0.00003535368,0.0003601612,0.0002236604,0.00001228811,0.000003896535,0.000005680365,0.005321775],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2140589,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.208918,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2217751824","doi":"10.5539/hes.v6n1p24","title":"Exploring Writing Anxiety and Self-Efficacy among EFL Graduate Students in Taiwan","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Higher Education Studies","topic":"Writing and Handwriting Education","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":58,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Anxiety; Psychology; Graduate students; Self-efficacy; Rhetorical question; Qualitative research; Academic writing; Medical education; Mathematics education; Second language writing; Pedagogy; Social psychology; Linguistics; Sociology; Medicine; Second language; Social science","authors":[{"name":"Mei-ching Ho","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2831813590965466,"gpt":0.4343354487761074,"spread":0.1511540896795608,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001455265,0.0001178935,0.0001754995,0.0001395069,0.000462227,0.00017084,0.0001295349,0.00003917619,0.000005187439],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002329772,0.0001246641,0.00002304844,0.0003993681,0.0001555125,0.0004882107,0.00006717777,0.0001374202,0.0000153995],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002836738,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002348119,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009851702,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003606514,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985416,0.0002113344,0.0002568286,0.0002752158,0.0004294032,0.0002856315],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991238,0.0001236547,0.0001036286,0.0001137545,0.0003907777,0.0001444082],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003354389,0.0005810659,0.827328,0.0000345409,0.00003162532,5.423909e-7,0.1587849,0.00000226159,0.000003412862,0.004303897,0.003387754,0.005538628],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002541681,0.00001103354,0.6983401,0.000140156,0.000016441,4.283349e-7,0.2862395,5.552081e-7,0.000007174723,0.0004001593,0.01445963,0.0001306273],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9858087,0.001668417,4.580443e-7,0.003447941,0.001713065,0.0001925464,4.847775e-7,0.0001473922,0.007021002],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9955363,0.001029898,0.0003901855,0.0001232994,0.00108737,0.0001782393,0.000003026752,0.00001332772,0.001638298],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1289878,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5083653,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2896886775","doi":"10.5539/hes.v8n4p104","title":"Inclusive Higher Education for Students with Disabilities in China: What Do the University Teachers Think?","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Higher Education Studies","topic":"Disability Education and Employment","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":57,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology; Higher education; Inclusion (mineral); Affect (linguistics); China; Pedagogy; Perspective (graphical); Medical education; Political science; Social psychology","authors":[{"name":"Yuexin Zhang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sandra Rosén","is_ca":false},{"name":"Li Cheng","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jingshan Li","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04686879956190707,"gpt":0.4120781457194232,"spread":0.3652093461575162,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006503949,0.0001535458,0.0001755226,0.0000869232,0.001268497,0.0002210692,0.0003983584,0.00006011268,0.0005702097],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008359287,0.0001119685,0.00005031084,0.0004734188,0.001340635,0.0007144645,0.0000970297,0.00009591469,0.00005052245],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001171532,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009936251,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002022636,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003103361,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998524,0.0002855773,0.000186899,0.0003355594,0.0003987711,0.0002691866],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986451,0.000319682,0.0001120154,0.0003026262,0.0005369803,0.00008356493],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006447906,0.001507815,0.2113919,0.00003569079,0.000110278,3.238609e-8,0.5264185,0.000001754261,0.000001154507,0.1614953,0.0940351,0.004938004],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001284527,0.00003718172,0.2026604,0.00005824557,0.00002413446,4.936886e-8,0.4308147,3.012166e-8,0.000001729595,0.004745907,0.3614428,0.0000864468],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9061297,0.002029547,0.000001625164,0.07036813,0.005524898,0.0009604658,0.000002809319,0.00005475334,0.01492803],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8876566,0.0004928082,0.0001386499,0.001230454,0.0009472649,0.0001681692,0.000008378182,0.00001164167,0.109346],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2674077,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.975638,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2611465418","doi":"10.5539/hes.v7n2p67","title":"The Effect of Geogebra on Students’ Conceptual and Procedural Knowledge: The Case of Applications of Derivative","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Higher Education Studies","topic":"Mathematics Education and Teaching Techniques","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":55,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Mathematics education; Test (biology); Computer science; Significant difference; Teaching method; Procedural knowledge; Control (management); Perspective (graphical); Subject (documents); Psychology; Mathematics; Artificial intelligence; Domain knowledge","authors":[{"name":"Mehmet Fatih Öçal","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06014885791048705,"gpt":0.479889292344434,"spread":0.4197404344339469,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009262881,0.00006704598,0.0001533134,0.00002868246,0.00122364,0.00003296168,0.0003189974,0.00002459938,0.00001078563],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00044394,0.00003639604,0.00003055413,0.0000718602,0.001720612,0.00004908969,0.0000824395,0.00006006513,0.000001167294],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000236446,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001053253,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002873642,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001447162,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999306,0.0002042615,0.000195512,0.00008859039,0.0001347023,0.00007093409],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976688,0.001217344,0.0004284215,0.0003037525,0.0003610296,0.00002066991],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001003827,0.0001957977,0.01497577,0.0001304613,0.0001090619,5.501692e-8,0.0809465,4.465676e-8,0.00002422323,0.889381,0.007482721,0.006744323],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009896227,0.0008506125,0.1589036,0.0007480719,0.0004548524,0.000009177433,0.503043,0.000002388588,0.01397582,0.1151043,0.2054581,0.0004604999],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9834042,0.001826448,0.00002797898,0.002968874,0.0002849789,0.0007570036,0.000003374742,0.000016699,0.01071045],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973805,0.0002119437,0.0001154359,0.0000254459,0.00007599807,0.0003493079,4.06604e-7,0.000003787234,0.001837155],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7742767,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9411372,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3132420239","doi":"10.5539/hes.v11n2p20","title":"The Project-based Learning Management Process for Vocational and Technical Education","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Higher Education Studies","topic":"Engineering Education and Curriculum Development","field":"Engineering","cited_by":53,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok","keywords":"Vocational education; Brainstorming; Originality; Process (computing); Presentation (obstetrics); Curriculum; Psychology; Mathematics education; Knowledge management; Creativity; Project-based learning; Project management; Learning Management; Pedagogy; Computer science; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"Prachyanun Nilsook","is_ca":false},{"name":"Pinanta Chatwattana","is_ca":false},{"name":"Thapanee Seechaliao","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02455255282426929,"gpt":0.3383224319075355,"spread":0.3137698790832663,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001007352,0.0001052285,0.00008092848,0.0000566096,0.0002353433,0.00005211467,0.00005625386,0.00002749615,0.000008081271],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002514775,0.00008734305,0.00002188569,0.0002396993,0.00002864234,0.00004820706,0.00001341601,0.00007240561,0.000005022614],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001155084,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003085723,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":4.625706e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001825388,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994398,0.00001165081,0.0001591789,0.0001529522,0.0001105117,0.00012592],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994054,0.00008183313,0.00002632578,0.0001036495,0.0003536114,0.00002921392],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001575554,0.0008293625,0.004326743,0.003453157,0.0005889449,4.638202e-7,0.001981062,0.005076705,0.0005304845,0.1577113,0.7243547,0.1011313],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000150788,0.000009739506,0.04950449,0.0001148992,0.00003918128,0.000004954098,0.005344958,0.000139241,0.0004808083,0.0005795124,0.9434316,0.0001999025],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5189443,0.2549911,0.01624212,0.05063945,0.05071484,0.007084763,0.00001904681,0.004063788,0.09730051],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9590294,0.00136346,0.01144867,0.0003784703,0.0003606262,0.005292848,0.00009544112,0.00004031642,0.02199077],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4400851,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3561746,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2139056661","doi":"10.5539/hes.v3n2p62","title":"Retention and Attrition of Students in Higher Education: Challenges in Modern Times to What Works","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Higher Education Studies","topic":"Higher Education Research Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":52,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Attrition; Medical education; Higher education; Psychology; Professional development; Sustainability; Pedagogy; Medicine; Political science","authors":[{"name":"Marguerite Maher","is_ca":false},{"name":"Helen Macallister","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1914182212929596,"gpt":0.4635804315688167,"spread":0.2721622102758571,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006938765,0.0001776155,0.0003414238,0.0005616625,0.0002057523,0.000233398,0.0002436588,0.0001058117,0.0005717001],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009453104,0.0001775007,0.00003671455,0.0008277511,0.0002727755,0.001475215,0.0001370031,0.0001497842,0.00007058305],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003976071,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003256915,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001255988,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009342199,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977576,0.0003714206,0.0004533207,0.0004363966,0.0006255123,0.0003557329],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998352,0.0002819154,0.0001371064,0.0002373023,0.0008469502,0.0001447585],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005628081,0.004352921,0.4875484,0.0006103913,0.0002404929,8.186543e-7,0.1729964,0.00001594095,0.0002094905,0.0613102,0.05149543,0.2211633],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002147543,0.00003329568,0.8189965,0.0009701941,0.00001064738,1.268234e-7,0.145808,2.864293e-7,0.000009489242,0.00922205,0.02456673,0.0001679009],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7909387,0.1265291,4.408234e-7,0.07474138,0.002301814,0.0009509482,7.119392e-7,0.00003013187,0.004506697],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9216769,0.05734756,0.0003336372,0.000462318,0.0003704304,0.001557922,0.00000524986,0.0000145436,0.0182314],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3314482,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.723827,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2741458576","doi":"10.5539/hes.v7n3p64","title":"The Marketization of Higher Education Discourse: A Genre Analysis of University Website Homepages in China","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Higher Education Studies","topic":"Discourse Analysis in Language Studies","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":50,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Marketization; Higher education; Rhetorical question; Discourse analysis; China; Sociology; Genre analysis; Critical discourse analysis; Construct (python library); Competition (biology); Reputation; Pedagogy; Linguistics; Political science; Social science; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Tongtong Zhang","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02864981976914921,"gpt":0.3429707993608501,"spread":0.3143209795917009,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003522823,0.0001474332,0.0004094685,0.0004000691,0.0008268966,0.00008991313,0.0003472258,0.00002725836,0.0007103838],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005092998,0.0001068818,0.0001668494,0.0002481787,0.0009578073,0.0003362682,0.0001317362,0.00006664484,0.000005027295],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008142305,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001140445,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001075203,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003818994,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989552,0.0001453329,0.000312835,0.0002145716,0.0002308357,0.0001412512],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980702,0.0001461349,0.0006318766,0.0005871241,0.0005427705,0.00002185853],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009837864,0.0009293138,0.1998633,0.0001646251,0.007087453,9.145484e-7,0.04099444,0.00006086618,0.00003179037,0.7084919,0.03534086,0.006936169],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001065658,0.00001331685,0.8513477,0.000072847,0.00147986,3.915244e-8,0.06786988,0.00000416291,0.000009573844,0.0006523896,0.07832376,0.0001198795],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8479828,0.01778236,0.000002029994,0.005371334,0.002273688,0.0001883307,0.00004428494,0.00001852577,0.1263367],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8384333,0.001548385,0.00002580383,0.00003230821,0.0002251778,0.00001391909,0.00002285458,0.000007886693,0.1596903],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7078395,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7778204,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2918027352","doi":"10.5539/hes.v9n2p10","title":"Social Media and Loneliness - Forever connected?","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Higher Education Studies","topic":"Impact of Technology on Adolescents","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":50,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Ariel University","keywords":"Loneliness; Social media; Psychology; Feeling; Face (sociological concept); Social isolation; Young adult; Social psychology; Developmental psychology; Sociology","authors":[{"name":"Roman Yavich","is_ca":false},{"name":"Nitza Davidovitch","is_ca":false},{"name":"Zeev Frenkel","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06185652421758978,"gpt":0.4032065563516509,"spread":0.3413500321340611,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000171546,0.00007780246,0.0001491253,0.000058154,0.000371185,0.0000295624,0.0001005929,0.00009135502,0.0002407365],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001007896,0.00007182058,0.00002061325,0.0001810439,0.0003465499,0.000136004,0.00004982858,0.00007681157,0.0001518756],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007918511,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001122574,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008412141,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001245599,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993348,0.00005332022,0.0001062569,0.0001488284,0.0001734333,0.0001833578],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994912,0.00008773839,0.00006756711,0.00008011169,0.0002361262,0.00003725485],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002128226,0.0002406507,0.353108,0.00007856415,0.0001442939,5.873376e-7,0.03699864,7.188159e-8,0.00008960016,0.2505622,0.3497164,0.009039747],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003587411,0.000009742446,0.7085791,0.00003674323,0.00002895992,4.997494e-7,0.04312701,1.164686e-7,0.00003197272,0.01416148,0.23348,0.0001856813],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9683674,0.002161141,6.509235e-7,0.01870038,0.002903773,0.0001528186,0.000001610126,0.0001184599,0.007593752],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9834248,0.0002273591,0.00008037516,0.0006971929,0.0004765615,0.00001645231,0.000002300983,0.000007252197,0.01506772],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.355471,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2928758,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2778752205","doi":"10.5539/hes.v8n1p9","title":"Preparing Teachers for Diversity: A Literature Review and Implications from Community-Based Teacher Education","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Higher Education Studies","topic":"Diverse Educational Innovations Studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":49,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Practicum; Multicultural education; Teacher education; Multiculturalism; Pedagogy; Curriculum; Cultural competence; Competence (human resources); Context (archaeology); Diversity (politics); Cultural diversity; Sociology; Psychology; Mathematics education","authors":[{"name":"Huanshu Yuan","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2972227066877269,"gpt":0.4429677120733422,"spread":0.1457450053856154,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004164056,0.0004309046,0.001091345,0.00007826494,0.003066896,0.000217254,0.0006135689,0.0001952972,0.00005565277],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002001027,0.0002105668,0.0002598959,0.0004490679,0.0002011977,0.0002599502,0.0005308253,0.0004116296,0.00002124763],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002598741,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003211926,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002682406,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001143309,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983659,0.0002755917,0.0004799633,0.0005111736,0.0001506391,0.000216727],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9969344,0.0008240144,0.0007632301,0.0003719519,0.001025559,0.00008090376],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001522839,0.0005099011,0.0005003629,0.008326344,0.0003834244,2.456242e-8,0.0004111232,1.159332e-8,8.274495e-7,0.001458181,0.2372789,0.7511294],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000415325,0.00002476246,0.006981019,0.0186104,0.001769414,0.000001506923,0.0008728201,1.270549e-8,7.664995e-8,0.00100457,0.9703504,0.0003434869],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0001687048,0.9902002,4.845616e-7,0.004895742,0.001098724,0.001532518,0.0005121339,0.00007248068,0.001519065],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00008861043,0.9786983,0.0005389325,0.001601096,0.0008151479,0.002828303,0.004240575,0.000006007341,0.0111831],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7507859,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.998231,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2889618147","doi":"10.5539/hes.v8n4p46","title":"Intrinsic Motivation and 21st-Century Skills in an Undergraduate Engineering Project: The Formula Student Project","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Higher Education Studies","topic":"Creativity in Education and Neuroscience","field":"Psychology","cited_by":48,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Pace; Autonomy; Competence (human resources); Self-determination theory; Intrinsic motivation; Competition (biology); Project-based learning; 21st century skills; Set (abstract data type); Psychology; Pedagogy; Mathematics education; Political science; Computer science; Social psychology; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"Iris Talmi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Orit Hazzan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Reuven Katz","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06385939278996794,"gpt":0.4219323042566719,"spread":0.3580729114667039,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002427007,0.0001407987,0.0001342696,0.0002327839,0.0001865351,0.00006747708,0.0001374664,0.00003550233,0.00002438033],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007096476,0.0001028897,0.00001720976,0.000613248,0.0001811516,0.0002148483,0.00006018586,0.0001155731,0.00001964009],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009615187,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001041793,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008653866,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000540002,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998973,0.0001153654,0.000213367,0.0003335912,0.0001562523,0.0002084974],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991891,0.0002163372,0.00009129188,0.0002764286,0.0001983552,0.00002849542],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005716685,0.00471669,0.5549905,0.00009143208,0.000142878,0.000001534083,0.2009006,0.000005481208,0.001149077,0.1813086,0.02495787,0.03167814],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002338855,0.0001310398,0.9244352,0.00003298163,0.00001382753,0.000005464323,0.02721578,0.000002657639,0.00006316502,0.0002086854,0.04752665,0.000130664],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9896997,0.000798843,0.00000549789,0.002664561,0.003965899,0.0005861431,0.000001677624,0.00005311303,0.002224617],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99452,0.0003471164,0.00008899282,0.0006026341,0.0004042587,0.0003773349,0.000004017814,0.00001314586,0.003642514],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3694446,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4195721,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2269884609","doi":"10.5539/hes.v6n1p136","title":"An Examination of Using Self-, Peer-, and Teacher-Assessment in Higher Education: A Case Study in Teacher Education","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Higher Education Studies","topic":"Student Assessment and Feedback","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":47,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Summative assessment; Formative assessment; Peer assessment; Psychology; Teacher education; Self-assessment; Medical education; Peer evaluation; Presentation (obstetrics); Mathematics education; Pedagogy; Higher education; Medicine","authors":[{"name":"Didem Kılıç","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.110123402187644,"gpt":0.4709792748283706,"spread":0.3608558726407266,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001443924,0.0001970271,0.0002990075,0.0004372305,0.0002507269,0.00007235511,0.0001563884,0.0000949821,0.0003700326],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003190901,0.0001659109,0.0000284523,0.0006649021,0.0001541439,0.0007429669,0.00005691106,0.0001249429,0.000003814718],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001002583,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001535663,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003735029,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001929343,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9975953,0.0007299855,0.0004816205,0.0004294808,0.0005164836,0.0002471194],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986337,0.0001443063,0.00026013,0.0002554534,0.000618068,0.00008835687],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000647623,0.008693654,0.9069144,0.00002947328,0.00004065021,0.000002381146,0.05815008,4.597049e-7,0.0001022128,0.005479266,0.0006142368,0.0199667],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003994393,0.00006431701,0.7176674,0.0000775542,0.00004338111,0.000002525024,0.2772391,0.000001283896,0.000002543383,0.0002524506,0.004092158,0.0001578318],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9822323,0.001197471,0.000001496079,0.002885264,0.001976141,0.0008286517,8.61005e-7,0.00003990259,0.01083788],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9729362,0.0001355564,0.0008114978,0.00006958687,0.0006178836,0.0003600733,0.000003449684,0.0000179076,0.02504786],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.219089,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.676565,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2016076812","doi":"10.5539/hes.v5n1p20","title":"Towards Entrepreneurial Learning Competencies: The Perspective of Built Environment Students","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Higher Education Studies","topic":"Entrepreneurship Studies and Influences","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":47,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Entrepreneurship; Psychology; Perspective (graphical); Graduate students; Entrepreneurship education; Medical education; Knowledge management; Pedagogy; Business; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Ernest Kissi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Somiah K. Matthew","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ansah K. Samuel","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06860907631466556,"gpt":0.3307273974808499,"spread":0.2621183211661843,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002980489,0.0001597599,0.0002302758,0.00007598766,0.0002411586,0.00008777344,0.0003019966,0.00002342227,0.0001292916],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001209508,0.0001049648,0.00006998675,0.0002090481,0.0002347722,0.0003234476,0.000437377,0.00009792455,0.0001372267],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009444142,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004282336,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001116125,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002101986,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987764,0.0000325633,0.000255855,0.0002603734,0.0004984984,0.000176257],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989011,0.00006654807,0.0002755021,0.0002121634,0.0005317365,0.00001290101],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006068047,0.0004766307,0.8947058,0.00007358671,0.0004503173,8.974702e-7,0.007109274,0.0005390166,0.00005893379,0.06228612,0.03296002,0.001278673],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005661367,0.00004958061,0.3458613,0.00006535693,0.0001929297,5.761651e-7,0.1564562,0.000004442276,0.00005977675,0.009351922,0.4871466,0.0002451755],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9611691,0.01137987,0.000002842088,0.007660015,0.002658854,0.0002353236,9.073944e-7,0.00005295458,0.01684009],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9948208,0.0004924143,0.00004399273,0.0008690569,0.001404202,0.00006895242,0.000002787642,0.00001117652,0.002286574],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5488445,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4280342,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3044526341","doi":"10.5539/hes.v10n3p80","title":"Digital Practices & Applications in a Covid-19 Culture","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Higher Education Studies","topic":"Digital Storytelling and Education","field":"Health Professions","cited_by":46,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Blended learning; Pedagogy; Teaching method; Distance education; Sociology; Higher education; Educational technology; Best practice; Psychology; Medical education; Medicine; Political science","authors":[{"name":"Christina Romero-Ivanova","is_ca":false},{"name":"Michael Shaughnessy","is_ca":false},{"name":"Laura Otto","is_ca":false},{"name":"Emily Taylor","is_ca":false},{"name":"Emma Watson","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2963685483348099,"gpt":0.540623088660352,"spread":0.2442545403255421,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001423687,0.0001364659,0.000193792,0.00006952465,0.0004777147,0.00004890519,0.0001320176,0.00008522171,0.0002376799],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007487134,0.0001151457,0.00003559343,0.0005318688,0.00006538528,0.0005099099,0.00005742033,0.000287225,0.001359468],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003186181,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008430819,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007174799,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004943026,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988542,0.00009411744,0.0003541799,0.0003133831,0.0001556358,0.0002284764],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983884,0.0004955198,0.0004074858,0.0001864378,0.0002711496,0.0002510833],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003804313,0.0004817324,0.216286,0.0006619358,0.00006526086,2.599049e-7,0.06420094,0.00001683677,0.00002104022,0.01003945,0.7058623,0.002326195],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001452198,0.00001316641,0.009954283,0.00004754926,0.00001424649,2.30871e-7,0.06236735,3.531914e-7,7.121244e-7,0.001588764,0.9257529,0.0001151832],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3596984,0.04249819,0.0006339509,0.2341461,0.006074474,0.003363539,0.0000914563,0.0009461233,0.3525478],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8775398,0.000858284,0.0005231364,0.01667838,0.001782671,0.001912419,0.0002763954,0.00002862433,0.1004003],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5178414,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994181,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3097997209","doi":"10.5539/hes.v10n4p103","title":"Student Wellbeing in the Teaching and Learning Environment: A Study Exploring Student and Staff Perspectives","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Higher Education Studies","topic":"Higher Education Practises and Engagement","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":45,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology; Interdependence; Context (archaeology); Pedagogy; Student engagement; Higher education; Learning environment; Medical education; Sociology; Medicine; Political science; Social science","authors":[{"name":"Elena Riva","is_ca":false},{"name":"Rebecca Freeman","is_ca":false},{"name":"Lauren Schrock","is_ca":false},{"name":"Victoria Jelicic","is_ca":false},{"name":"Cameron-Tosh Ozer","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ruth Caleb","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1366801014436963,"gpt":0.4137875507618004,"spread":0.277107449318104,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001637495,0.0001277832,0.0001614282,0.00006179711,0.001623607,0.0002169825,0.0001421948,0.00001743048,0.00007217073],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001094795,0.0001028229,0.00001790964,0.0001438263,0.0001228753,0.00036583,0.0001387149,0.0004462104,0.000009094694],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001421767,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004303995,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004375132,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006313125,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974672,0.001384568,0.0002033502,0.0003380289,0.0004147723,0.0001921405],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992273,0.0004727051,0.00008874739,0.00009592007,0.0000380637,0.00007719202],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003696626,0.0005946719,0.1318807,0.000009873082,0.00006624019,0.000001204939,0.8548085,0.00002143314,0.000005783899,0.009320345,0.0002819777,0.003005528],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001156865,0.00006873249,0.3176639,0.000009443631,0.00002435691,1.120414e-7,0.5651825,2.745464e-7,1.421266e-7,0.00002727557,0.1168419,0.00006568654],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9676245,0.007359845,0.000003112987,0.02043434,0.0003753115,0.0004725895,1.989109e-7,0.00003198857,0.003698114],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9934586,0.003955416,0.0001610938,0.0003468892,0.0004102532,0.0003552462,4.675603e-7,0.000009963414,0.001302109],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.289626,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996762,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1983290927","doi":"10.5539/hes.v3n1p92","title":"Internationalization of Chinese Higher Education","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Higher Education Studies","topic":"Higher Education Governance and Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Internationalization; Pace; Higher education; China; Internationalization of Higher Education; Chinese education; Comparative education; Political science; International education; Economic growth; Order (exchange); Business; International trade; Economics; Geography","authors":[{"name":"Linhan Chen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Danyan Huang","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03383235028864159,"gpt":0.3936404503981781,"spread":0.3598081001095366,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001912742,0.0001435505,0.0001933004,0.0001654041,0.0002713381,0.00006391505,0.0002052636,0.00006783612,0.006187657],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006021663,0.0001281602,0.00005440817,0.0006237484,0.0001836493,0.0005880272,0.00003714448,0.00006110744,0.0004681287],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003309516,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001282608,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001680796,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005971584,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985926,0.0001036398,0.0003906033,0.0002344876,0.0004929975,0.0001856489],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9974563,0.0001116343,0.0003137547,0.0001935464,0.001831593,0.00009318512],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000402927,0.0006668869,0.2403868,0.00005310159,0.0000997943,3.354626e-8,0.01423215,0.000003302074,0.0001171005,0.4156205,0.3232439,0.005572349],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006322662,0.000005979077,0.5059212,0.00003763791,0.000007740707,1.120405e-7,0.002793981,1.194162e-7,0.00002258136,0.01951712,0.4715268,0.0001034785],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8080622,0.007617268,0.00002119085,0.02750515,0.01666755,0.0005791928,0.000003121763,0.0001066292,0.1394377],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7670676,0.0005280083,0.001019274,0.001530609,0.0009611038,0.0004147162,0.00002376738,0.00001163324,0.2284433],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3961034,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9947208,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2914678776","doi":"10.5539/hes.v9n1p144","title":"Virtual Immersive Learning Environments (VILEs) Based on Digital Storytelling to Enhance Deeper Learning for Undergraduate Students","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Higher Education Studies","topic":"Augmented Reality Applications","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":43,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Research Council of Thailand","keywords":"Digital storytelling; Storytelling; Multimedia; Computer science; Narrative","authors":[{"name":"Thada Jantakoon","is_ca":false},{"name":"Panita Wannapiroon","is_ca":false},{"name":"Prachyanun Nilsook","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01936148074332692,"gpt":0.3320920940633466,"spread":0.3127306133200197,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001800564,0.0002010957,0.0002039506,0.0001437308,0.0003699235,0.0001554844,0.0004974876,0.00004278517,0.00001445031],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003840329,0.0002026102,0.00007056227,0.0002641745,0.00004373747,0.0003233022,0.0002066421,0.0001846796,0.0007480327],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003244441,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006892289,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003376703,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.123526e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998336,0.00006739339,0.0002424372,0.0006109931,0.0004570971,0.0002860339],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988307,0.0004013568,0.0001756119,0.0003829198,0.0001136165,0.00009576816],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001602456,0.003154192,0.0603086,0.0001695129,0.001085402,0.000001434682,0.01633346,0.7856235,0.007408718,0.06412992,0.01106079,0.0505642],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001835174,0.002076575,0.06876177,0.0005552459,0.0001429183,0.000001770097,0.01775776,0.0149495,0.008120857,0.002086906,0.881725,0.001986513],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2658947,0.0002748022,0.7260044,0.004397159,0.001381802,0.001057677,0.000003312133,0.0001116625,0.000874497],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9722298,0.00003174501,0.001780869,0.0008456012,0.00009197652,0.0004358322,0.00002278445,0.00002288678,0.02453848],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8706642,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9614697,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2493066270","doi":"10.5539/hes.v6n3p147","title":"Computer Literacy and Online Learning Attitude toward GSOE Students in Distance Education Programs","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Higher Education Studies","topic":"Online and Blended Learning","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":42,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Distance education; Psychology; Asynchronous communication; Mathematics education; Information literacy; Computer literacy; Medical education; Online learning; Likert scale; Literacy; Graduate students; Computer-mediated communication; Higher education; Positive attitude; Pedagogy; Multimedia; Computer science; The Internet; Social psychology; World Wide Web; Medicine","authors":[{"name":"Lung-Yu Li","is_ca":false},{"name":"Long-Yuan Lee","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04467358293840901,"gpt":0.4332037129884749,"spread":0.3885301300500659,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002979085,0.0001126329,0.0001650637,0.00009665833,0.0002531679,0.0001093996,0.0001299659,0.00004496528,0.00003865433],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004581108,0.00008370152,0.00002415739,0.0002686691,0.0001572178,0.0003871572,0.00007337423,0.0001175684,0.00002173247],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001686798,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003011522,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000165199,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002872491,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988269,0.0001951505,0.000214857,0.0002729839,0.0002682245,0.0002219486],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993721,0.0001149552,0.0001119198,0.00008792031,0.0002457021,0.00006738794],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004983729,0.0004643294,0.67066,0.00002546333,0.00001944221,2.725415e-7,0.008893454,6.068088e-7,0.000005860005,0.004077333,0.0005799443,0.3152683],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001646765,0.00003322035,0.4289906,0.000303702,0.000009729332,2.353594e-7,0.009809654,6.249592e-7,0.000001242779,0.0004792069,0.5600944,0.0001127309],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9797392,0.004702177,0.00004608255,0.01342628,0.001389166,0.0002025733,7.476125e-7,0.00006538814,0.0004284173],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9739814,0.001835537,0.003164389,0.0002155374,0.001093752,0.00007126954,0.00001086603,0.00001022476,0.01961696],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5595145,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3413249,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2888423819","doi":"10.5539/hes.v8n4p9","title":"A Positive Education Program to Promote Wellbeing in Schools: A Case Study from a Hong Kong School","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Higher Education Studies","topic":"Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction","field":"Psychology","cited_by":42,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Flourishing; Curriculum; Mental health; Medical education; Psychology; Focus group; Program evaluation; Positive psychology; Pedagogy; Medicine; Sociology; Political science; Social psychology; Psychiatry","authors":[{"name":"Wai Chun Cherry Au","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kerry J. Kennedy","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05676867967679523,"gpt":0.4436619719254866,"spread":0.3868932922486913,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003655801,0.0002965389,0.0003513018,0.0003779948,0.000316723,0.0001093208,0.0001585043,0.0001257409,0.0005786801],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001158507,0.0002695136,0.00005786103,0.0009442822,0.00008469741,0.0002073571,0.00007741836,0.0003656572,0.001375056],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002651936,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001837858,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006488813,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006163832,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9975773,0.0004231443,0.0005056974,0.000869763,0.0002179992,0.0004061488],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984766,0.0001237814,0.0001782221,0.0005173078,0.0004851804,0.0002189008],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003386058,0.01169186,0.6745803,0.00002362292,0.0006752883,0.0001774109,0.05503763,0.000001428935,0.0003078939,0.001466129,0.05109091,0.2046089],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006356105,0.0009422883,0.8686897,0.0002172075,0.00007898668,0.00007516248,0.107441,0.000001054412,0.00002564102,0.0009104706,0.02065118,0.0003316634],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9734905,0.001187286,0.00001655689,0.002621911,0.006758945,0.002701631,0.000005714165,0.0002206185,0.01299683],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.983983,0.00001088289,0.00184153,0.001380972,0.001677806,0.003802967,0.00001303367,0.00003390934,0.007255857],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2042772,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999757,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2787759859","doi":"10.5539/hes.v8n1p25","title":"A Systematic Review: Using Habits of Mind to Improve Student’s thinking in Class","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Higher Education Studies","topic":"Education and Critical Thinking Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":39,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Critical thinking; Variation (astronomy); Class (philosophy); Mathematics education; Psychology; Meta-analysis; Computer science; Artificial intelligence","authors":[{"name":"Suad Alhamlan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Haya Aljasser","is_ca":false},{"name":"Asma Almajed","is_ca":false},{"name":"Haila Abdulaziz Al-Mansour","is_ca":false},{"name":"Nidhal Sh. Alahmad","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.09193486009777807,"gpt":0.4672613749522463,"spread":0.3753265148544682,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001414669,0.00009779255,0.0004020047,0.00009301209,0.0006804061,0.00009371382,0.0003849877,0.00003816315,0.00005495645],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009439327,0.00008578464,0.00004503634,0.0001688163,0.0001520005,0.000163734,0.0001068876,0.0000707616,0.00003418429],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003068337,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004272922,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000284951,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002370099,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985124,0.0001758989,0.0004666888,0.0001997459,0.0004547397,0.0001905058],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986135,0.0001585079,0.0002794072,0.0003315195,0.0005430896,0.00007395505],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"systematic_review","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001082175,0.001666672,0.08491524,0.1203054,0.0005457128,0.00000280576,0.4147878,0.000002682236,0.0002548498,0.3593137,0.01703771,0.001156487],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006731493,0.00008896941,0.2990651,0.3471134,0.0007970897,0.000001544789,0.2743906,0.000001639643,0.0003087949,0.03046643,0.04588017,0.001213046],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8273402,0.05570214,0.00001926719,0.07747931,0.01175428,0.003101848,0.000002961461,0.00004151605,0.02455842],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9824864,0.001577617,0.0027977,0.00321415,0.0002178547,0.000259259,7.298745e-7,0.000009734752,0.009436499],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3288473,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5233203,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2069256332","doi":"10.5539/hes.v3n2p12","title":"Conceptualizing Harmonization of Higher Education Systems: The Application of Regional Integration Theories on Higher Education Studies","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Higher Education Studies","topic":"Higher Education Governance and Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":39,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Harmonization; Globalization; Higher education; European union; Internationalization; Bologna Process; Political science; Regional integration; Sociology; Education policy; Economic system; Regional science; Public administration; Economics; International trade; Law","authors":[{"name":"Emnet Tadesse Woldegiorgis","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07008892388756248,"gpt":0.3959169187928488,"spread":0.3258279949052863,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006460227,0.0003361927,0.000494474,0.0002543738,0.0007480903,0.0001156666,0.0003984608,0.0001616187,0.0004094072],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001269732,0.0002552152,0.0001082755,0.001121215,0.0008845918,0.0007626261,0.00005683367,0.0001738049,0.000131271],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007629524,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002109842,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002310507,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000519978,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9967862,0.0005166568,0.000992133,0.0005010538,0.0008953721,0.0003085963],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9921238,0.0006167631,0.001311797,0.000548663,0.005298568,0.0001003766],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001689127,0.0005981586,0.004451541,0.0001353131,0.0001734003,1.184848e-8,0.02022463,0.00002355017,0.0002820198,0.824564,0.1437632,0.005767307],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002228673,0.0000720812,0.1432898,0.0006505327,0.0001341349,5.713696e-7,0.1177355,0.000002158781,0.0005516808,0.04641106,0.6905233,0.0004063191],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6657001,0.146897,0.000343717,0.08322787,0.05264291,0.005943965,0.00002786751,0.0003690766,0.04484746],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9111152,0.002273722,0.0005597676,0.002068589,0.001628584,0.002565187,0.0000782423,0.00003168882,0.07967902],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7781529,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99999,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2273793645","doi":"10.5539/hes.v6n1p169","title":"The Relationship between Learning Effectiveness, Teacher Competence and Teachers Performance Madrasah Tsanawiyah at Serang, Banten, Indonesia","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Higher Education Studies","topic":"School Leadership and Teacher Performance","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":38,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Competence (human resources); Psychology; Mathematics education; Pedagogy","authors":[{"name":"Mamat Rahmatullah","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1065083182191112,"gpt":0.3728627508202589,"spread":0.2663544326011477,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001725578,0.0001708561,0.0001943144,0.00006785538,0.002884868,0.00007942705,0.000208229,0.00009933129,0.00004129293],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003261111,0.00010457,0.00004126236,0.0002969309,0.0008535717,0.0004816544,0.00007088176,0.0002771672,0.0001230925],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003684794,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001517558,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001202855,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001337078,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980047,0.0007749252,0.0002186294,0.0003017332,0.0003291733,0.0003708449],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9968925,0.002480088,0.0001479387,0.0001901867,0.0001858332,0.0001035069],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000149202,0.00001458629,0.9787863,0.00002183308,0.00004699965,1.132385e-7,0.009852959,3.638949e-7,0.00002887147,0.002892289,0.0007799792,0.007560759],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002587239,0.00002477878,0.9170591,0.0001507328,0.00003270783,6.823375e-7,0.009484251,2.442297e-7,0.00002240067,0.0003486398,0.07245608,0.0001617177],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9821762,0.005802677,0.00001014511,0.008708368,0.0006707926,0.0002251233,6.306176e-7,0.0001079242,0.002298134],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9717804,0.001025885,0.0000412465,0.0000749803,0.000607244,0.0001341071,0.000001930485,0.00001684177,0.02631743],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.07167611,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9984133,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2597802979","doi":"10.5539/hes.v7n2p17","title":"Addressing Diversity on College Campuses: Changing Expectations and Practices in Instructional Leadership","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Higher Education Studies","topic":"Higher Education Research Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":38,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Diversity (politics); Context (archaeology); Higher education; Multiculturalism; Ethnic group; Cultural pluralism; Cultural diversity; Ethnically diverse; Multicultural education; Public relations; Pedagogy; Sociology; Political science; Work (physics); Instructional leadership; Educational leadership","authors":[{"name":"Angela Chen","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.5199210129014618,"gpt":0.5431651893765441,"spread":0.02324417647508237,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005381322,0.0001112591,0.000161702,0.0003314459,0.00698986,0.0001937419,0.0002332366,0.00005083164,0.00008112722],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009802785,0.0001110959,0.00002440975,0.0002676246,0.0008820957,0.0007548344,0.0002519469,0.0001557931,0.00002678821],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003062057,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003621129,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011726,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00181827,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986048,0.0002168685,0.0001444189,0.0002903586,0.00042718,0.0003163776],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983929,0.0005728961,0.0003487351,0.0002054123,0.0003935088,0.00008648082],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004403673,0.0003692151,0.5696848,0.0001073165,0.0001548028,0.000004079313,0.1955311,0.000002075712,0.000007032749,0.2157666,0.01607227,0.002256611],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001564421,0.00001079105,0.5537755,0.0001134161,0.00001142663,3.926006e-7,0.419628,3.682353e-7,0.000004656871,0.001098473,0.0250995,0.0001009959],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.926084,0.002744442,4.39435e-7,0.05154896,0.002237545,0.000266895,0.000007427318,0.00004016153,0.01707008],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9851042,0.0003620391,0.0003378479,0.0002626179,0.0006479523,0.0001384798,0.000002476861,0.000006667428,0.01313769],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2240969,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9943029,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}