{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":6,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":6,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"query_hash":"357d1bc1f114","filters":{"venue":"IBM Journal of Research and Development"}},"results":[{"id":"W2039861948","doi":"10.1147/jrd.2009.5429030","title":"A service delivery platform for server management services","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IBM Journal of Research and Development","topic":"Service-Oriented Architecture and Web Services","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"IBM (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Server; IBM; Interface (matter); Service delivery framework; Service provider; Service (business); Application server; Process management; World Wide Web; Operating system; Business","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0394626497193073,"gpt":0.3134487137907234,"spread":0.2739860640714161,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001449011,0.000171793,0.000232817,0.0005642555,0.0003576453,0.0003170777,0.001273432,0.00006250103,0.000006753786],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000002960132,0.0001307868,0.00004989225,0.000674568,0.00002029652,0.0007612443,0.0003634208,0.0002674251,0.00001472308],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006645313,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002028441,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002167593,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001439668,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976406,0.00004174796,0.0004706862,0.0002934136,0.0009856806,0.0005678978],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980637,0.0001585,0.0001633298,0.000284978,0.001013152,0.0003162712],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001180949,0.0008306472,0.001443155,0.002121218,0.0006061956,0.000518677,0.02424967,0.0001847101,0.0009530134,0.03301375,0.002653535,0.9322445],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01055508,0.004771311,0.06532264,0.002689037,0.00005297098,0.001267168,0.01317517,0.004176683,0.02513055,0.1052233,0.7661493,0.001486818],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9465457,0.003063686,0.03804239,0.009358519,0.0003871384,0.0007386279,0.000002643875,0.00007345408,0.001787808],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7196454,0.0006836672,0.2734406,0.005725168,0.0002757496,0.00002402253,0.000007784942,0.00001748106,0.0001800442],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9307576,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5333329,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2083073659","doi":"10.1147/rd.492.0465","title":"Custom math functions for molecular dynamics","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IBM Journal of Research and Development","topic":"Algorithms and Data Compression","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"IBM (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Compiler; IBM; Fortran; Computer science; Parallel computing; Supercomputer; Folding (DSP implementation); Implementation; Throughput; Point (geometry); Programming language; Computational science; Computer architecture; Operating system; Mathematics; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04394402384357644,"gpt":0.345994106838011,"spread":0.3020500829944346,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001002464,0.00005843661,0.00009485834,0.0002102634,0.0002309537,0.0001590369,0.00037037,0.00002937747,0.000004625213],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004636297,0.00004280325,0.0000235265,0.0001510802,0.0000351894,0.0003727384,0.000230397,0.0001787871,0.00001137761],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001301076,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005113232,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001741494,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004250106,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989014,0.00002858133,0.0002204339,0.0001224924,0.0004876097,0.0002394413],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990636,0.00009648877,0.00006314413,0.0001367779,0.000462922,0.0001770453],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005638653,0.0001699618,0.0002130846,0.00002675821,0.00004560865,0.00005271862,0.000543546,0.000143475,0.0003821312,0.02202545,0.01218152,0.9641594],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001373171,0.0006157214,0.001999424,0.0001444762,0.00000335041,0.0003514572,0.0002751802,0.1036557,0.003365585,0.004830441,0.8831714,0.0002140225],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.02157056,0.0006678724,0.9756049,0.001728353,0.0001136196,0.00008841992,0.000002866676,0.0000089861,0.0002144176],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.1081186,0.0001283907,0.8906492,0.0001069326,0.0001468616,0.0000102925,0.000005202806,0.000007038943,0.0008275186],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9639453,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1776332,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2325800416","doi":"10.1147/jrd.2016.2518438","title":"Touchless and always-on cloud analytics as a service","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IBM Journal of Research and Development","topic":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Cloud computing; Visibility; Computer science; Virtualization; Analytics; Context (archaeology); Automation; Virtual machine; Service (business); Operating system; Data science; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06732900560666312,"gpt":0.3310926539099306,"spread":0.2637636483032675,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001930247,0.00009966506,0.0001581345,0.000341252,0.0002329293,0.0001811389,0.0005258038,0.00003586967,0.000006258514],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009941063,0.00005726871,0.00001984957,0.0003323914,0.0000698962,0.00004113157,0.0006166099,0.0002076712,0.00002906194],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007726142,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002177188,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007938098,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004984085,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982033,0.00009969,0.0002873697,0.0002136306,0.0008485515,0.0003475031],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986354,0.0003632593,0.0000986424,0.0002005069,0.0004091222,0.0002930874],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002073329,0.0002761021,0.003399605,0.0001245053,0.0002231754,0.0006470974,0.004548271,0.0001135134,0.0005036023,0.01787607,0.01138579,0.9606949],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.009344311,0.005698767,0.06392354,0.004205327,0.00002329981,0.001971112,0.002950345,0.006755789,0.01789591,0.03674152,0.8491492,0.001340916],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9670897,0.0004372446,0.0178271,0.01288124,0.0001836062,0.00009101408,2.420933e-7,0.00001859603,0.001471327],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9874204,0.0002106136,0.010489,0.0005096148,0.0001829048,0.000001696412,6.115285e-8,0.000006979399,0.001178699],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.959354,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.233535,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2038534629","doi":"10.1147/rd.474.0373","title":"Fifty years of IBM innovation with information storage on magnetic tape","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IBM Journal of Research and Development","topic":"Advanced Data Storage Technologies","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"International Development Research Centre","keywords":"IBM; Magnetic tape; Calculator; Corporation; Digital storage; Operating system; Computer data storage; Information storage; Computer science; Engineering; Tape recorder; Computer hardware; Electrical engineering; Database; Business; Materials science; Nanotechnology; Finance","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03959904124507397,"gpt":0.307746005032189,"spread":0.268146963787115,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001129361,0.0000591431,0.0001071965,0.0007531734,0.00006622633,0.00006377196,0.0003310511,0.00003419974,0.000006167323],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004436494,0.00004578695,0.0000061344,0.0009058753,0.0001033536,0.0008998602,0.0001025696,0.0002587794,0.000007149723],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008304636,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003808585,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001143923,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001050517,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986512,0.00004226974,0.0003179552,0.00007996652,0.0007289204,0.0001796706],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988405,0.0001024554,0.0001902022,0.0001818621,0.0006399002,0.00004505534],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001687563,0.0001330038,0.001475299,0.00007516552,0.00003076708,0.0001104778,0.002045976,0.0002846116,0.0006703605,0.06733558,0.002697609,0.9249724],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.008156133,0.0165026,0.1622378,0.001325852,0.00000778166,0.001031139,0.004516766,0.0006750606,0.1585276,0.04883786,0.5971157,0.001065706],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6147704,0.0002753165,0.3838198,0.0002725133,0.00008607039,0.0001571856,0.000001341387,0.00002505889,0.0005922709],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7198014,0.0001028032,0.2800004,0.00003973753,0.000005259783,0.000003415498,0.000001403917,0.000002832594,0.00004272819],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9239067,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1867138,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1990081392","doi":"10.1147/rd.461.0097","title":"Fast pseudorandom-number generators with modulus 2 <sup>k</sup> or 2 <sup>k</sup> -1 using fused multiply-add","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IBM Journal of Research and Development","topic":"Numerical Methods and Algorithms","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"IBM (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Pseudorandom number generator; Computer science; Algorithm; Multiplicative function; Code (set theory); Random number generation; Discrete mathematics; Arithmetic; Mathematics; Programming language","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1049782533179574,"gpt":0.3505324978002918,"spread":0.2455542444823344,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002463725,0.0003128719,0.0005590663,0.0004327468,0.0006069859,0.0005665061,0.0008676978,0.0001048616,0.0002415717],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002426094,0.0001953197,0.00007947458,0.001168699,0.0002525982,0.0007151606,0.0004016564,0.0007752766,0.0000454807],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001943402,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005159942,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002757311,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002378318,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9954218,0.0005230978,0.0007440879,0.0005042155,0.001823009,0.0009838258],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9972785,0.000403216,0.0002188887,0.000355046,0.0008907256,0.0008536696],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008643653,0.0009256524,0.01229109,0.0001190467,0.0005138279,0.002213956,0.008807877,0.012418,0.0004645671,0.0001660194,0.005749571,0.955466],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01479348,0.002325001,0.002024796,0.0006760665,0.00002718942,0.004980495,0.001510137,0.9308285,0.008245295,0.0009132508,0.0323594,0.001316406],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.4462506,0.0008223958,0.5517499,0.000485188,0.0001195968,0.0003242043,0.000003253455,0.00003779192,0.0002070249],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.1428606,0.0003446887,0.8556715,0.0001441782,0.0003072318,0.00001144628,6.537321e-7,0.00002956411,0.0006301624],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9541496,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7964905,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1984452033","doi":"10.1147/jrd.2010.2057911","title":"Exploitation of multicore systems in a Java virtual machine","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IBM Journal of Research and Development","topic":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"IBM (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Multi-core processor; Java; Operating system; strictfp; Scalability; Java concurrency; Virtual machine; Embedded system; Real time Java; Software; Embedded Java; IBM; Computer architecture; Programming language","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05559177180462985,"gpt":0.3517925896907739,"spread":0.296200817886144,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002180546,0.00005067275,0.00013001,0.000501817,0.0000565974,0.00006878288,0.0003260455,0.00003692339,0.000002021861],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001946868,0.00003979284,0.00001197402,0.0002679949,0.00004968009,0.0001974389,0.0001189178,0.0003135072,0.00000119095],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002503531,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002547319,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002336481,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001124779,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988139,0.00008798162,0.0003757661,0.00009307609,0.0004780055,0.0001512761],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989955,0.0001775136,0.0001316401,0.00009861263,0.0005044775,0.00009220147],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005329254,0.001834448,0.1019942,0.0004756133,0.0001665816,0.000484874,0.04110693,0.01312277,0.0363283,0.05667479,0.006562148,0.7407164],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.008349478,0.004676089,0.1672084,0.002270216,0.000005244743,0.001063603,0.003092162,0.6751552,0.1059561,0.007713465,0.02347221,0.001037943],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4851235,0.0004364809,0.5138096,0.0001835429,0.0001714414,0.0001046352,2.802649e-7,0.00001504186,0.0001555317],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.807208,0.00007827205,0.1926421,0.000006188273,0.00001702596,0.000002355373,2.964904e-7,0.000002292296,0.00004344498],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7396785,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1622705,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}