{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":54,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":54,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"query_hash":"8fedf8b71482","filters":{"venue":"IEEE Power and Energy Magazine"}},"results":[{"id":"W106711868","doi":"10.1109/mpae.2007.376583","title":"Microgrids","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Power and Energy Magazine","topic":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2474,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"National Technical University of Athens; University of Tokyo","keywords":"Microgrid; Distributed generation; Islanding; Distributed power generation; Grid; Context (archaeology); Computer science; Renewable energy; Smart grid; Engineering; Electrical engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.002945531280309231,"gpt":0.176230828096351,"spread":0.1732852968160418,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007395691,0.00009917714,0.00009150045,0.00006147467,0.00002663526,0.00002118155,0.00004256329,0.00005393513,0.00007594771],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000001781403,0.00009336971,0.00002571407,0.00008765007,0.00001872741,0.00006087621,0.000006844892,0.00004691452,0.00002735642],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001069115,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002410042,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006571531,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003465973,"domain_scores_codex":[0.99953,0.000003097401,0.0001217712,0.00009565774,0.00004932926,0.000200151],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997981,0.00001287123,0.000008480862,0.00008914494,0.00001934325,0.00007203906],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000961084,0.0000885598,0.0007120491,0.0000557919,0.0001751356,0.00009194236,0.0004003084,0.04180041,0.4106723,0.004238483,0.06982134,0.4718476],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008896175,0.00005745403,0.004136962,0.00001376586,0.00002244838,0.00005393419,0.0000170719,0.02565373,0.02649147,0.0001603571,0.9421086,0.000394641],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2498267,0.04580147,0.4637297,0.000270375,0.005235011,0.000104231,0.00002203929,0.001602794,0.2334077],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.995946,0.001421327,0.001022366,0.0002021118,0.000178097,0.000002265888,0.000008769808,0.00002413467,0.001194937],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8722872,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3807506,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2593249465","doi":"10.1109/mpe.2016.2637122","title":"Achieving a 100% Renewable Grid: Operating Electric Power Systems with Extremely High Levels of Variable Renewable Energy","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Power and Energy Magazine","topic":"Integrated Energy Systems Optimization","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1307,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Renewable Energy Laboratory; Solar Energy Technologies Office","keywords":"Renewable energy; Variable renewable energy; Hydropower; Photovoltaic system; Wind power; Environmental economics; Grid; Environmental science; Electricity; Electric power system; Intermittent energy source; Energy development; Natural resource economics; Engineering; Distributed generation; Electrical engineering; Economics; Power (physics); Geography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009198460540017618,"gpt":0.1951027517805101,"spread":0.1859042912404925,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003336897,0.000485888,0.0006816192,0.0002935341,0.0003985284,0.0003475643,0.0004083282,0.0002745445,0.00009402644],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005137262,0.0004196456,0.00005706841,0.0003558617,0.0000669025,0.0006999932,0.00005726197,0.0001599208,0.000003899835],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001186478,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009505279,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02460448,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001132867,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978045,0.0000793339,0.000640386,0.0004857417,0.0003460754,0.0006439722],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982995,0.00005941705,0.0002736324,0.0008817026,0.0003163363,0.000169413],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003175774,0.00002969401,0.0001005309,0.00007812671,0.0001727961,0.00001833618,0.00006366739,0.8562538,0.1378311,0.002132559,0.003167527,0.0001200924],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003268989,0.0008932365,0.0009806695,0.001773676,0.0002282702,0.000364011,0.0001574045,0.7961748,0.1347545,0.0001400405,0.05904108,0.00222333],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.06394183,0.004736404,0.6285324,0.00006085167,0.00495716,0.0002130993,0.0001009456,0.0007913026,0.2966661],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9806576,0.0002135883,0.002661747,0.00003237026,0.0001798543,0.00005354425,0.00002800293,0.0001438104,0.01602944],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9167158,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998255,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2041832602","doi":"10.1109/mpae.2006.1687814","title":"The anatomy of a power grid blackout - Root causes and dynamics of recent major blackouts","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Power and Energy Magazine","topic":"Power System Optimization and Stability","field":"Engineering","cited_by":433,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Blackout; Root cause; Power grid; Electric power system; Root (linguistics); Dynamics (music); Reliability engineering; Grid; Computer science; Power-system protection; System dynamics; Engineering; Power (physics); Forensic engineering; Risk analysis (engineering); Geology; Business; Physics; Artificial intelligence","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.004508686249988102,"gpt":0.2078796429641505,"spread":0.2033709567141624,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001646727,0.0001699268,0.0002668759,0.00006737882,0.00004906865,0.00002591628,0.00009303769,0.00007818206,0.00006628686],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001696267,0.0001289131,0.00004432594,0.0001769567,0.0001549735,0.00007360461,0.000028056,0.00006403566,0.000001535129],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003132256,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001580019,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009482649,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001788803,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999029,0.00003642113,0.0004104535,0.0001655371,0.0001543848,0.0002042349],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994109,0.00007210247,0.00007103888,0.00026467,0.000114944,0.00006633928],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001752039,0.002232781,0.1977175,0.003146887,0.002814897,0.0001285472,0.005487293,0.2630052,0.04224638,0.2733008,0.1840315,0.02413614],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005607201,0.0005933414,0.1829596,0.000249519,0.0002299686,0.0001157431,0.0005665122,0.1565658,0.02417072,0.002850276,0.6241683,0.001923074],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8468418,0.005830357,0.02587211,0.0007021449,0.002462321,0.000245402,0.0002951278,0.0002528829,0.1174979],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985872,0.0005320566,0.0001139917,0.00001364962,0.0000179802,0.00000602986,0.00001560022,0.00002304252,0.0006904524],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4401368,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5256926,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2017694201","doi":"10.1109/mpae.2004.1338120","title":"Power system security assessment","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Power and Energy Magazine","topic":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","field":"Engineering","cited_by":395,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Powertech Labs (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Electric power system; Reliability engineering; Robustness (evolution); Computer science; Reliability (semiconductor); Risk analysis (engineering); Computer security; Power system simulation; Security analysis; Transient (computer programming); Engineering; Power (physics)","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.003556183043108965,"gpt":0.19936719768492,"spread":0.195811014641811,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007755469,0.0001815753,0.0001878848,0.0000685583,0.00007801806,0.00004401931,0.0001114317,0.0000997173,0.00005245385],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000002473432,0.0001622183,0.0000514785,0.0001361902,0.00005604584,0.0001318837,0.00002469972,0.0001452671,0.00004616265],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008460729,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000203841,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003240254,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004163961,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991323,0.00001382054,0.0001823586,0.0002055302,0.000176337,0.0002896045],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995838,0.00001590014,0.00001687504,0.0002120106,0.0000279186,0.00014352],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000110707,0.0007364802,0.00167288,0.001252833,0.0006530886,0.001218881,0.007722565,0.3657292,0.068476,0.4975291,0.05233335,0.002564851],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006715583,0.0008699513,0.02925952,0.0008365764,0.0001285653,0.001130475,0.001571892,0.03078379,0.03332478,0.005917367,0.8860537,0.003407791],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6803467,0.001926648,0.01993169,0.0002187936,0.004810936,0.00007542168,0.00002391422,0.0008893816,0.2917765],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991931,0.0001531901,0.0001909766,0.00008574069,0.0001180257,0.00001118431,0.000004207606,0.00002361309,0.0002199548],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8337203,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6615071,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2081036449","doi":"10.1109/mpe.2014.2301514","title":"Powering Through the Storm: Microgrids Operation for More Efficient Disaster Recovery","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Power and Energy Magazine","topic":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","field":"Engineering","cited_by":137,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Hydro-Québec","funders":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; U.S. Department of Energy; U.S. Department of Defense","keywords":"Microgrid; Disaster recovery; Electricity; Natural disaster; Mains electricity; Storm; Compromise; Engineering; Risk analysis (engineering); Environmental economics; Computer science; Business; Renewable energy; Economics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.005724284023336553,"gpt":0.2068026582529496,"spread":0.2010783742296131,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009704249,0.0001449279,0.0001272797,0.00002600581,0.0001351404,0.00006450471,0.0001088438,0.00006439487,0.00001830251],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001170588,0.0001002648,0.00005485179,0.0000656194,0.00007191051,0.0001091912,0.00002205199,0.00007695797,0.0000113548],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000185498,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005031943,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001905497,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005844541,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993356,0.00001511883,0.000150328,0.0001730632,0.00009508269,0.0002308379],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996623,0.00006353902,0.00001553197,0.0001915806,0.0000237532,0.00004333433],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008006285,0.00007253072,0.00005861555,0.0001042232,0.00007617404,0.000002602548,0.006301403,0.9080402,0.04524672,0.003407478,0.02648293,0.01012706],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007717169,0.0001979193,0.001211976,0.00005871559,0.00003301852,0.00003253845,0.0003328927,0.1985806,0.01334298,0.00022362,0.7847467,0.0004673084],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7474583,0.001414503,0.2390949,0.0005515722,0.003944056,0.000125214,0.0000186432,0.0001684945,0.00722424],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981717,0.0001439992,0.0003324608,0.0003677643,0.0003322595,0.00002938512,0.00001050382,0.00002482193,0.0005871049],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7582638,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4088678,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2067875747","doi":"10.1109/mpe.2014.2317963","title":"Northern Lights: Access to Electricity in Canada's Northern and Remote Communities","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Power and Energy Magazine","topic":"Photovoltaic Systems and Sustainability","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":95,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Resources Canada","keywords":"Electrification; Electricity; Renewable energy; Business; Obstacle; Agency (philosophy); Environmental economics; Telecommunications; Engineering; Geography; Economics; Electrical engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.005911659584948417,"gpt":0.1997020857803165,"spread":0.1937904261953681,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002218591,0.0001432657,0.0002019526,0.00003801188,0.0001018463,0.00004320533,0.0002040744,0.00003814174,0.00005857864],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002684974,0.0001201142,0.00001466105,0.0001882266,0.00006596645,0.0001167844,0.0001543659,0.00008611613,0.000005447494],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004060307,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006075915,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9899071,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9994839,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990306,0.00009604565,0.000190853,0.0002143764,0.0001726952,0.0002954521],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994544,0.00006656852,0.0000355563,0.0002663802,0.00001869712,0.0001583721],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004344053,0.00003249097,0.9632651,0.00001689603,0.000007784621,0.00001297056,0.0009572726,0.001096533,0.00129536,0.00001799657,0.001591727,0.03166243],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003406472,0.00008811204,0.8685482,0.00001883649,0.000004460299,0.00001364827,0.0002402663,0.003763787,0.0006557824,0.0008728515,0.1251547,0.0002986839],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9883104,0.0000518288,0.0003770196,0.0003793334,0.0000893509,0.00006308687,0.000003479957,0.00001289576,0.0107126],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985537,0.00002360577,0.00002758766,0.0007275633,0.00001872167,0.000006705799,0.000001835382,0.00001067785,0.0006296327],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.123563,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4898114,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2052573107","doi":"10.1109/mpae.2006.1687817","title":"Implementation of online security assessment","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Power and Energy Magazine","topic":"Power System Optimization and Stability","field":"Engineering","cited_by":72,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Powertech Labs (Canada)","funders":"Southern Company","keywords":"Software deployment; Risk analysis (engineering); Computer science; Electric power system; Process (computing); Key (lock); Reliability engineering; Reliability (semiconductor); Computer security; Security controls; Grid; Systems engineering; Control (management); Engineering; Software engineering; Power (physics); Operating system","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.004881110129163467,"gpt":0.2444567871145422,"spread":0.2395756769853787,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000073665,0.00009182667,0.0001372331,0.00004861839,0.00001804775,0.00001100512,0.00003836819,0.00003502054,0.0001871637],"category_scores_gemma":[8.576638e-7,0.00008881152,0.00002900898,0.0000916127,0.00001926072,0.00007347888,0.000008699274,0.00003505168,0.000001269855],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002553105,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001198081,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001865436,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008708408,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994175,0.00001835058,0.0002494927,0.0001016624,0.00009890903,0.0001140312],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997656,0.00001223763,0.00002877639,0.0001169015,0.00004150287,0.00003497422],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001018138,0.002003593,0.2374853,0.001519843,0.0006224128,0.00004202242,0.002619344,0.3214223,0.1421783,0.115127,0.1434306,0.03344757],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003767983,0.0002866867,0.6396729,0.0000549059,0.0000789051,0.00002701201,0.00058218,0.1552042,0.02522609,0.00254277,0.1715255,0.001030922],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7870704,0.0004723069,0.1489307,0.0001178713,0.0009493615,0.00008137784,0.0001702012,0.0002390147,0.06196876],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990088,0.0000451142,0.0006646853,0.00001919215,0.0000240958,0.000005031501,0.00006015436,0.00001091851,0.0001620391],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4021876,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3621629,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1998249080","doi":"10.1109/mpe.2012.2212617","title":"DC Versus AC: The Second War of Currents Has Already Begun [In My View]","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Power and Energy Magazine","topic":"Smart Grid Energy Management","field":"Engineering","cited_by":71,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Presumption; Electricity; Electrical engineering; Power (physics); Power engineering; Engineering; Power flow; Mains electricity; Electric power system; Computer science; Political science; Voltage; Law; Physics; Power factor","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0180359284266145,"gpt":0.2215408070430734,"spread":0.2035048786164589,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001838312,0.0002091917,0.0002338924,0.0001084938,0.00004014912,0.00001585074,0.000181681,0.0000646998,0.0003628398],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000007955039,0.0001659077,0.00005334973,0.0001944211,0.00007372544,0.000182517,0.00006352205,0.0001136233,0.00004979044],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003843696,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005956057,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004116069,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002610001,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989766,0.00002953751,0.0002627723,0.0001544058,0.000169111,0.0004075092],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994617,0.00006051686,0.00003266522,0.0003299797,0.00001892831,0.00009619315],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00059771,0.001275427,0.01832038,0.0009684256,0.001953302,0.0000616356,0.007242586,0.2346982,0.03289681,0.0190337,0.6042108,0.07874107],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001218055,0.00005801091,0.01482497,0.00003130543,0.00003604839,0.000004220796,0.00005983485,0.002870088,0.0068855,0.00004520339,0.9736828,0.0002840016],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8497216,0.009854642,0.001393259,0.0002185902,0.01094597,0.0001095159,0.00002904546,0.0001846604,0.1275428],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976622,0.000484063,0.00006492707,0.00007123029,0.000235539,0.00002616714,0.00001199056,0.00003697873,0.001406882],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.369472,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6765519,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1969244958","doi":"10.1109/mpe.2014.2301515","title":"A Road Map to Integration: Perspectives on Smart Grid Development","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Power and Energy Magazine","topic":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","field":"Engineering","cited_by":66,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"British Columbia Institute of Technology","funders":"","keywords":"Smart grid; Grid; Road map; Focus (optics); Computer science; System integration; Data science; Computer security; Engineering; Electrical engineering; Geography; Database; Cartography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.005320555536909971,"gpt":0.1958132197394479,"spread":0.190492664202538,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000710784,0.0001434135,0.0001236223,0.00009006917,0.00006887635,0.00003415486,0.00008282474,0.00004998655,0.00006025594],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001338027,0.0001203905,0.00002407619,0.00009952672,0.00002701486,0.0000606797,0.00001592249,0.00008361038,0.0001676808],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003286069,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008232735,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001460193,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001240911,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993598,0.00001416005,0.0001228135,0.0001963238,0.0001209593,0.0001859323],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996949,0.00002057968,0.000008623224,0.000129383,0.00002951413,0.0001169533],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004267371,0.000668389,0.0007018138,0.0001958216,0.0003839094,0.00007319407,0.07910743,0.1004725,0.07028849,0.05850461,0.3103173,0.3788598],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003769952,0.0002236961,0.01081458,0.00009316214,0.000006825697,0.00001345081,0.000485442,0.005977463,0.02625138,0.00008862168,0.9551992,0.0004691682],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7220976,0.00139653,0.1052541,0.001453283,0.007664107,0.0001407603,0.000009063347,0.0007185814,0.1612659],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9970285,0.00005576634,0.000680362,0.0002293216,0.0002810843,0.00001827033,0.000004225487,0.00001570121,0.001686793],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6448819,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.490938,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1968728900","doi":"10.1109/mpe.2013.2285591","title":"No Light in August: Power System Restoration Following the 2003 North American Blackout","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Power and Energy Magazine","topic":"Power Systems and Technologies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":48,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Blackout; Electric power system; Electric power transmission; Telecommunications; Grid; New england; Span (engineering); Electrical engineering; Interconnection; Power grid; State (computer science); Engineering; Power (physics); Geography; Computer science; Civil engineering; Political science; Law; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.003850184706004732,"gpt":0.1787416041955267,"spread":0.174891419489522,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001834294,0.0002081339,0.0002818316,0.0001329654,0.00006463553,0.00006107223,0.0001780466,0.00007353868,0.000005142431],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003725557,0.0001515059,0.00004740669,0.0005111987,0.00004834138,0.0001383902,0.00002977916,0.0001485334,0.00006408499],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006400944,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009720676,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001762179,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001237559,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990026,0.00004363151,0.0002782771,0.000213065,0.0001509943,0.0003114427],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994451,0.00003054991,0.00004890603,0.0003765784,0.00004342331,0.00005542184],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002616673,0.0003646346,0.136278,0.000949959,0.001315599,0.0006129306,0.005151798,0.04522864,0.04381116,0.08167174,0.6344478,0.04990619],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006943828,0.0002290679,0.0354149,0.0001547718,0.00002744305,0.00002837084,0.0002622084,0.01443884,0.001207524,0.00002766349,0.9468456,0.0006692084],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8609936,0.0009331472,0.007144205,0.0001682107,0.004038078,0.0001252654,0.000006736582,0.001024173,0.1255665],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981791,0.0000361792,0.00009688293,0.00005525468,0.00008438488,0.00003287202,0.000003817968,0.00003586469,0.001475585],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3123979,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6178232,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2091493107","doi":"10.1109/mpae.2008.4412941","title":"First steps to wide area control","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Power and Energy Magazine","topic":"Power System Optimization and Stability","field":"Engineering","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"BC Hydro (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Phasor; Electric power system; State estimator; Computer science; Scheduling (production processes); Control engineering; Control system; State (computer science); Transmission system; Electric power industry; Power transmission; Units of measurement; Control (management); Transmission (telecommunications); Engineering; Power (physics); Electrical engineering; Telecommunications; Electricity; Operations management","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008422480550197425,"gpt":0.1804168834997985,"spread":0.1719944029496011,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006537197,0.0001566449,0.000215503,0.00006923018,0.00007868228,0.00001873746,0.00007941318,0.00005984282,0.0001964427],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002226527,0.0001463246,0.00004179815,0.0001378166,0.00003000132,0.0000841689,0.00001082368,0.00005244182,0.00006722938],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003012294,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008669723,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001758235,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001303432,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992539,0.0000153642,0.0002073882,0.0001807363,0.0001140271,0.0002286163],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994699,0.00005175738,0.00001317702,0.0002247726,0.00004399445,0.0001964493],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001304707,0.0001277676,0.01295767,0.00009847172,0.0001739195,0.0001162816,0.001676604,0.7415867,0.001635497,0.0009788927,0.239792,0.0007257324],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001470209,0.0001075853,0.02935316,0.00003372454,0.00001577942,0.00008042002,0.00002248377,0.07480132,0.0005361206,0.0000319617,0.8930144,0.0005327816],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.07624527,0.000701072,0.8113728,0.0005571284,0.001808036,0.0001278581,0.00004872495,0.0006226926,0.1085164],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9966999,0.0001012455,0.000298928,0.0004575746,0.00002299026,0.00002211148,0.000003850615,0.00002397962,0.002369365],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9204547,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5966944,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2068424506","doi":"10.1109/mpae.2006.1632451","title":"Life extension and condition assessment: techniques for an aging utility infrastructure","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Power and Energy Magazine","topic":"High voltage insulation and dielectric phenomena","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Powertech Labs (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Life extension; Transformer; Reliability engineering; Engineering; Risk analysis (engineering); Maintenance engineering; Computer science; Electrical engineering; Business","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009605761359863482,"gpt":0.2666552903997391,"spread":0.2570495290398756,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001975068,0.0001194737,0.0001452363,0.00006928376,0.0001558004,0.00008776615,0.00004690565,0.00006485365,0.0001102589],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002257324,0.0001032348,0.00001705849,0.00007188,0.00006584304,0.0002839874,0.00001771474,0.0000420812,0.000001203279],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001516742,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003309457,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007771464,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002401212,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999212,0.00003506713,0.000185219,0.0002860474,0.0001052496,0.0001764695],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995695,0.00003815025,0.0000639987,0.000135846,0.00007821417,0.0001143345],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003625492,0.0000477843,0.0005755911,0.00001869303,0.000002777332,0.000001539364,0.00004348917,0.00003345349,0.9779527,0.009964072,0.006508165,0.00481554],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002719942,0.0009931854,0.3522106,0.00006878328,0.0000774672,0.00006395745,0.00007945234,0.02815566,0.262108,0.112894,0.2394683,0.001160646],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8891731,0.0001923988,0.09924161,0.0001813802,0.0002562139,0.0001019952,0.00004627753,0.0002009814,0.01060608],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9952664,0.00002471787,0.003653589,0.0005854188,0.000137367,0.00001875808,0.00005847857,0.00001098605,0.0002442517],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7158447,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4209792,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2798564079","doi":"10.1109/mpe.2018.2801441","title":"Visualizing Big Energy Data: Solutions for This Crucial Component of Data Analysis","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Power and Energy Magazine","topic":"Computational Physics and Python Applications","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Queen's University; Queen's University Belfast","keywords":"Visualization; Big data; Component (thermodynamics); Data visualization; Smart grid; Computer science; Plot (graphics); Phasor measurement unit; Probabilistic logic; Data mining; Data science; Smart meter; Data modeling; Grid; Data analysis; Electric power system; Database; Power (physics); Phasor; Engineering; Artificial intelligence","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07778128876713568,"gpt":0.325945504784084,"spread":0.2481642160169483,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002620691,0.0001151406,0.0002155093,0.0001734767,0.0002429959,0.0000821058,0.001208422,0.00003367522,0.00001515858],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001017797,0.0001117284,0.00005666436,0.0007340806,0.0001086155,0.0003635632,0.0009580808,0.00002923919,0.000004650949],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000007557318,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006771005,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003972602,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004823462,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987395,0.00003044872,0.0002741806,0.0005581926,0.0001865562,0.0002111556],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980197,0.0001555201,0.0001190561,0.001426504,0.0001968785,0.00008234977],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001771204,0.0002413022,0.00002635795,0.000008850646,0.0004585579,6.672901e-7,0.0001593993,0.0007055459,0.005321486,0.8523188,0.04181337,0.09892793],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002358995,0.00005526549,0.0007753758,0.000005697475,0.0001187777,0.000002024234,0.000003146724,0.6974133,0.0003425872,0.01141851,0.2894699,0.0001595391],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.0003763876,0.0001968756,0.9960697,0.0005151509,0.0003144209,0.00002671564,0.0003771319,0.00003884423,0.002084784],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9625315,0.00006858778,0.0352579,0.0003465198,0.0004582441,0.00001445024,0.0009140511,0.0000104458,0.0003983008],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9621551,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4556153,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2915843629","doi":"10.1109/mpe.2018.2884112","title":"Distributed Generation and Megacities: Are Renewables the Answer?","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Power and Energy Magazine","topic":"Smart Grid Energy Management","field":"Engineering","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Renewable energy; Distributed generation; Electricity generation; Electricity; Electricity retailing; Stand-alone power system; Environmental economics; Electric power transmission; Mains electricity; Engineering; Electricity market; Computer science; Electrical engineering; Voltage; Power (physics); Economics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006712175807085511,"gpt":0.1735798977766348,"spread":0.1668677219695493,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008256293,0.0001689434,0.000149056,0.00005229839,0.00006727745,0.0000833873,0.00008423274,0.00005504717,0.0000711914],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005015025,0.0001280371,0.00002492222,0.0001139209,0.00004241404,0.0001363615,0.00003595026,0.00004877394,0.00001213205],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002440922,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003558691,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004144303,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002685161,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993159,0.00001915564,0.0001469662,0.0001924102,0.0001187611,0.0002068141],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996121,0.00002832458,0.00002391286,0.0002549398,0.00002357198,0.00005716243],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000232126,0.0000291134,0.002932448,0.00010272,0.0002558452,0.0000170879,0.0003397126,0.7273331,0.02817572,0.007893808,0.2294285,0.003468647],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006184855,0.00005788365,0.009037375,0.00003307967,0.0000384252,0.00001665484,0.0001771284,0.1728365,0.004803384,0.000215944,0.811758,0.0004070802],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.950065,0.002497322,0.02189053,0.0006382983,0.002936308,0.00009203036,0.00005009415,0.0003537169,0.02147669],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9954106,0.0007811811,0.00007460087,0.0002173855,0.0002265636,0.00002014056,0.00004970888,0.00002857236,0.003191263],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5823295,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5221203,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1674813195","doi":"10.1109/mpe.2015.2416112","title":"Distribution Pricing: Are We Ready for the Smart Grid?","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Power and Energy Magazine","topic":"Smart Grid Energy Management","field":"Engineering","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","keywords":"Incentive; Smart grid; Quarter (Canadian coin); Renewable energy; Electricity; Distribution (mathematics); Grid; Environmental economics; Electric power distribution; Distributed generation; Operations research; Business; Computer science; Transport engineering; Engineering; Economics; Electrical engineering; Microeconomics; Mathematics; Geography; Voltage","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02940323278481786,"gpt":0.2318422113956831,"spread":0.2024389786108653,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001781238,0.0001744525,0.0001518627,0.00003803678,0.00007198968,0.00004803036,0.0001274739,0.00005769662,0.00001014358],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002146253,0.0001294595,0.00004158438,0.0001328459,0.00003618978,0.00009630792,0.000034964,0.00006621517,0.00001804731],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006704286,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007730175,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003245143,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008854694,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992175,0.00001249018,0.0001690032,0.0001772963,0.0001471407,0.0002765843],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994578,0.0000626503,0.00002896338,0.0002775653,0.00006251551,0.0001104764],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003653624,0.00002739996,0.000264258,0.00003589855,0.0001166941,0.00000669636,0.0001040758,0.1756218,0.0002704427,0.006174325,0.8135239,0.003817971],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004633109,0.0000497646,0.002079445,0.00001610343,0.0000396806,0.000006787762,0.00005830747,0.03713149,0.0006703542,0.0002208354,0.9590828,0.0001811321],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.02887263,0.008617111,0.8729404,0.007370248,0.02172694,0.0004411519,0.0002863996,0.001555793,0.05818929],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9935726,0.0007544514,0.0001687982,0.0002156475,0.0007302467,0.0001234033,0.0001285405,0.00005194376,0.004254377],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9647,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5279204,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4313555772","doi":"10.1109/mpe.2022.3219179","title":"Dynamic Wide Area Situational Awareness: Propelling Future Decentralized, Decarbonized, Digitized, and Democratized Electricity Grids","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Power and Energy Magazine","topic":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","field":"Engineering","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Grid; Computer science; Electric power system; Microgrid; Situation awareness; Risk analysis (engineering); Electricity; Distributed computing; Control (management); Engineering; Power (physics); Business","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006252471002374883,"gpt":0.205911493240667,"spread":0.1996590222382922,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001264,0.0002884678,0.0003114215,0.0001811451,0.0001868866,0.0001066071,0.0001281177,0.0001531749,0.00003119646],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003247533,0.0002540048,0.00006035783,0.0005606023,0.00008969349,0.0002179719,0.00003705535,0.0001841358,0.00001921077],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003891807,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004364545,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001876291,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001877752,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985812,0.00003339187,0.0002847335,0.0003538695,0.0002572634,0.0004895222],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994045,0.0001389714,0.00003395156,0.0001757791,0.00005880768,0.0001879303],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00223869,0.0005942831,0.04258085,0.001628858,0.001762397,0.001375786,0.0062895,0.5188853,0.2439649,0.01295132,0.1036734,0.06405466],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004639223,0.0001432553,0.0242287,0.0001841536,0.0001183236,0.0002103134,0.0001656689,0.876509,0.006410908,0.005999355,0.07987013,0.001521037],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9737887,0.00398262,0.01793459,0.0003874447,0.001344069,0.0001108356,0.00002859099,0.0007600998,0.001662989],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9889513,0.00972711,0.0002962198,0.00012817,0.000119409,0.0000301756,0.00007937824,0.0000433391,0.0006249531],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3576236,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999912,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4214920246","doi":"10.1109/mpe.2021.3134149","title":"Integration of Small Modular Reactors Into Renewable Energy-Based Standalone Microgrids: An Energy Management Perspective","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Power and Energy Magazine","topic":"Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems","field":"Energy","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Renewable energy; Greenhouse gas; Environmental economics; Environmental science; Wind power; Diesel fuel; Electricity generation; Electricity; Business; Engineering; Waste management; Power (physics); Economics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009943653112893032,"gpt":0.2198776772848513,"spread":0.2099340241719583,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005187872,0.0006483508,0.000789889,0.0008036122,0.0004107749,0.00008869737,0.0005880484,0.0001660297,0.0004187116],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000168765,0.0006514661,0.0002460341,0.0009439148,0.0001978579,0.0002832471,0.0002359471,0.0001923165,0.000002651078],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007130406,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000151856,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1471661,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.03416762,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9959115,0.0005756539,0.0008896142,0.001143974,0.0007799054,0.0006993191],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977317,0.00007769202,0.0004078946,0.001107501,0.0003290007,0.0003462163],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005759403,0.000981216,0.00007176473,0.00006352298,0.0005357256,0.000217679,0.001004284,0.5902317,0.2640447,0.1272662,0.004508308,0.01049888],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003370302,0.001630392,0.0002183436,0.000115285,0.0002177562,0.00007841559,0.003288443,0.03199405,0.1968095,0.006862655,0.753968,0.001446836],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3515791,0.01096045,0.336916,0.000845171,0.007672992,0.0004187986,0.0003756844,0.001428484,0.2898033],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9783867,0.000313025,0.002489783,0.0004500566,0.0002412448,0.0002775836,0.0004209925,0.0001643481,0.01725625],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7494597,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995937,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2022200265","doi":"10.1109/mpe.2014.2347632","title":"Pipeline to Reliability: Unraveling Gas and Electric Interdependencies Across the Eastern Interconnection","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Power and Energy Magazine","topic":"Global Energy Security and Policy","field":"Energy","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Natural gas; Electricity; Engineering; Renewable energy; Interconnection; Electricity generation; Interdependence; Reliability engineering; Pipeline (software); Environmental economics; Automotive engineering; Environmental science; Electrical engineering; Waste management; Telecommunications; Mechanical engineering; Economics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008193012770309966,"gpt":0.242268941452413,"spread":0.2340759286821031,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004688752,0.0002730392,0.0002726653,0.00009638073,0.0002320862,0.0001495084,0.0002106374,0.000136081,0.00004316976],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000212348,0.0002008959,0.00006831433,0.0003082917,0.00008089429,0.0001566818,0.0001628758,0.0001972097,0.00006629887],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003616298,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000126321,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006668962,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01158732,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984086,0.0001431937,0.0003270226,0.0004451736,0.0001827593,0.0004933149],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990829,0.0001607234,0.0000636785,0.0003811916,0.0001090592,0.0002024659],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008010922,0.0002489848,0.0007751815,0.0001018249,0.0001630985,0.00001852093,0.01172795,0.01529574,0.02654106,0.5770712,0.01981086,0.3474444],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005326099,0.0003113068,0.0006289793,0.0000391808,0.00002518705,0.00009632656,0.0002066992,0.01045977,0.004801988,0.006184937,0.9763743,0.0003386707],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9220325,0.0004085417,0.006537598,0.004628948,0.001024314,0.00005564726,0.000006801221,0.0001514295,0.0651542],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9900054,0.0001853644,0.00006568395,0.004252369,0.0004254805,0.00001761228,0.000005698828,0.00002889388,0.005013437],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9565635,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999457,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406012176","doi":"10.1109/mpe.2024.3403800","title":"Synchro-Waveforms in Wide-Area Monitoring, Control, and Protection: Real-World Examples and Future Opportunities","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Power and Energy Magazine","topic":"Optical Network Technologies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Alterra Power (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Synchro; Waveform; Control (management); Computer science; Engineering; Telecommunications; Electrical engineering; Artificial intelligence","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0156089486988364,"gpt":0.2132982143266051,"spread":0.1976892656277687,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008155088,0.0001968181,0.0002536259,0.0002298219,0.00005665055,0.0000614916,0.00005885234,0.0001351944,0.000008933761],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009415632,0.000167319,0.00001685773,0.0002052672,0.0001312507,0.0001517931,0.00004137278,0.0001805244,5.21424e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003342974,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008640232,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009354168,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003651452,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992716,0.00001135438,0.0001974644,0.0002002382,0.00006954982,0.0002497392],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996801,0.00006214181,0.00001684805,0.0001576042,0.00002314876,0.00006014688],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003849681,0.0001541435,0.06625358,0.001207968,0.0006583965,0.0003802099,0.0006545265,0.005070481,0.01007398,0.2034064,0.01317459,0.6985807],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00474691,0.0005076058,0.320904,0.001086003,0.0001418021,0.00008636819,0.001550098,0.02819989,0.004779754,0.01453747,0.6216736,0.001786415],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9159502,0.01294612,0.003227418,0.002915133,0.001873062,0.0002589941,0.00001759705,0.001274963,0.06153649],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9835676,0.01452538,0.0003791225,0.00004873005,0.0001026012,0.00005827513,0.000001742806,0.000019025,0.001297501],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6967943,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6823069,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2087986406","doi":"10.1109/mpae.2005.1436501","title":"One asset, one view - integrated asset management at British Columbia Transmission Corporation","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Power and Energy Magazine","topic":"Occupational Health and Safety Research","field":"Health Professions","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Asset management; Asset (computer security); Work (physics); IT asset management; Corporation; Computer science; Key (lock); Systems engineering; Process management; Engineering management; Business; Risk analysis (engineering); Engineering; Computer security; Finance; Mechanical engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0419913427268216,"gpt":0.3524213308495712,"spread":0.3104299881227496,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000686435,0.0001487627,0.0003432396,0.00008823951,0.0009191055,0.0000640434,0.0001313401,0.000229432,0.005755635],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002304057,0.000198595,0.0000531925,0.0003392854,0.00006494016,0.0002364178,0.00006606685,0.000396095,0.0004439868],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000284085,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001706376,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005612071,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.06223052,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9973794,0.0003735602,0.0006698665,0.0004262445,0.0005234113,0.0006275629],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987282,0.0001857054,0.0001401927,0.000246757,0.0002601625,0.0004389954],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005659836,0.0006599522,0.01367116,0.0008293794,0.00009800545,0.00003286297,0.0001608982,0.00003882241,0.001358221,0.001244583,0.3085198,0.6728203],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001530739,0.0001810525,0.2485501,0.0004664666,0.00002534708,0.000006109733,0.00002291039,0.0008205732,0.00002207917,0.0003579643,0.74781,0.0002066558],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4852771,0.005875782,0.02773418,0.01434882,0.002573604,0.002924558,0.0007515701,0.0006873648,0.459827],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8250351,0.008215155,0.003349883,0.003006198,0.0004024965,0.0003546983,0.001252189,0.00005821083,0.1583261],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6726136,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9951532,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2002188528","doi":"10.1109/mpe.2014.2301552","title":"Forewarned Is Forearmed: An Automated System for Remedial Action Schemes","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Power and Energy Magazine","topic":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"BC Hydro (Canada)","funders":"BC Hydro","keywords":"Blackout; Remedial action; Electric power system; Safeguard; Remedial education; Power-system protection; Reliability engineering; System integrity; Computer science; Action (physics); Maintenance engineering; Engineering; Risk analysis (engineering); Control engineering; Power (physics); Law; Business; Environmental remediation","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01075235328525907,"gpt":0.2420715907557268,"spread":0.2313192374704678,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001043624,0.0001476369,0.0001734131,0.00007315887,0.00008861932,0.0000378774,0.00008569854,0.0001212599,0.00001058087],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001268266,0.0001314283,0.00004685477,0.0000889721,0.0000388266,0.0001840191,0.000007062802,0.00005791983,0.00001014215],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002421909,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007408324,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001603465,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001411696,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992657,0.00001549972,0.0001608237,0.0001935503,0.0001107395,0.0002536313],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999603,0.00003731823,0.00002264756,0.0001732239,0.00004250992,0.0001212987],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007805272,0.0002843819,0.001611646,0.002184222,0.0005146089,0.00002287166,0.004104102,0.03369686,0.6612353,0.02645144,0.1844117,0.08470226],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009424782,0.0002200892,0.0009588011,0.00005296484,0.00002815507,0.00002894318,0.00009039774,0.6929196,0.09457451,0.0001711427,0.209698,0.0003149689],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.893549,0.0002179189,0.08887739,0.0001151073,0.005370327,0.0001492241,0.0000271709,0.002659159,0.009034718],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985294,0.0000499597,0.0005819738,0.00007184988,0.0004495027,0.0000330251,0.0000259595,0.00002970147,0.0002286037],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6592227,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.535949,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406012017","doi":"10.1109/mpe.2024.3446737","title":"Wide-Area-Measurement-System-Based Event Analytics in the Power System: A Data-Driven Framework for Disturbance Characterization and Source Localization in the Indian Grid","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Power and Energy Magazine","topic":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Disturbance (geology); Analytics; Event (particle physics); Power grid; Characterization (materials science); Grid; Computer science; Electric power system; Event data; Real-time computing; Power (physics); Database; Geography; Geology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01268330180650655,"gpt":0.2222887236077792,"spread":0.2096054218012726,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004684165,0.0001526508,0.0001788786,0.0001235398,0.00009781407,0.00009255016,0.0002752179,0.00009989377,0.00000116676],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006241723,0.0001030011,0.00002296788,0.0004275533,0.0000462574,0.0001159412,0.00002261067,0.0001298214,6.543038e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006655947,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002434028,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003319161,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003647285,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989886,0.00009072313,0.0002778492,0.0002333177,0.0002125592,0.0001969603],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993619,0.000147361,0.00004598095,0.0003769627,0.0000401376,0.00002760789],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003500526,0.0004801913,0.04345151,0.004602719,0.0002424062,0.00008993058,0.01886991,0.8855269,0.001918366,0.02818435,0.01257972,0.00370392],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009268344,0.00007191423,0.04586875,0.001465195,0.00006442571,0.00001207616,0.001800912,0.8829072,0.000124807,0.00006883651,0.0663648,0.0003243261],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.06671937,0.0006571997,0.9306533,0.0005301491,0.0008068614,0.000287369,0.0000731783,0.00005823787,0.0002142983],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991841,0.00005823681,0.0000545646,0.0004292546,0.00005246772,0.00006431164,0.0001284821,0.00001213546,0.00001648537],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9324647,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4200264,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392124553","doi":"10.1109/mpe.2023.3343679","title":"Techniques and Methods for Validation of Inverter-Based Resource Unit and Plant Simulation Models Across Multiple Simulation Domains: An Engineering Judgment-Based Approach","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Power and Energy Magazine","topic":"Simulation Techniques and Applications","field":"Decision Sciences","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Electrovaya (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Resource (disambiguation); Computer science; Unit (ring theory); Model validation; Reliability engineering; Engineering; Data science; Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1005727524653949,"gpt":0.4152420718945012,"spread":0.3146693194291063,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0013327,0.0001716093,0.0002357948,0.0002926081,0.0001261966,0.0002182251,0.000111545,0.0001277742,0.000004202372],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001242004,0.0001448524,0.00004889427,0.0003764553,0.00006998928,0.0004000043,0.00003071914,0.00006386881,1.713306e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001678711,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001874522,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002224174,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003446282,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985451,0.00009926363,0.0004753714,0.0004689364,0.0002526238,0.0001586799],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.997453,0.001895029,0.0001112245,0.0002898255,0.0001592632,0.00009159422],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006534356,0.00004318918,0.0001131246,0.00004100766,0.000009024718,2.689787e-7,0.000270164,0.929684,0.0103062,0.001686997,0.0000329231,0.05774778],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004222681,0.0001153301,0.000113075,0.00003484673,0.00001769548,0.000001332486,0.00005113259,0.9482297,0.02902384,0.003981064,0.01785256,0.0001572013],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1101905,0.00017908,0.8889663,0.00004399953,0.00003018508,0.0002327981,0.00009291145,0.000167768,0.00009649784],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.895441,0.000008419232,0.1041856,0.00006008173,0.00003225656,0.0000871634,0.0001203546,0.00002295283,0.0000421869],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7852505,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.590691,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406012029","doi":"10.1109/mpe.2024.3435811","title":"Wide-Area Monitoring Protection and Control Supported Operation and Planning in the Ecuadorian Power System: Improving Security and Reliability","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Power and Energy Magazine","topic":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Reliability (semiconductor); Reliability engineering; Control (management); Risk analysis (engineering); Power (physics); Computer science; Business; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0044957281851029,"gpt":0.1985434755469868,"spread":0.1940477473618839,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003447573,0.0001531388,0.0001806707,0.00009401619,0.0001540542,0.0001168199,0.00004748959,0.0001099507,0.00000141572],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000459526,0.0001197472,0.00001331566,0.0001129726,0.00006689555,0.0002233589,0.00002257746,0.000192121,2.13461e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003064777,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001105262,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002053161,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006962223,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991977,0.00006468924,0.000210141,0.0002505956,0.00009072937,0.000186155],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996788,0.00008917312,0.00002260293,0.0001309682,0.00002786426,0.00005061857],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001396578,0.0003932861,0.5404688,0.006967478,0.0004088159,0.0004339789,0.05797246,0.07926337,0.2891611,0.003640769,0.001665802,0.01822755],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004798885,0.0003918968,0.6140668,0.001004453,0.0001390691,0.0002182625,0.007121172,0.3543948,0.01165976,0.0006107773,0.004586638,0.001007462],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9910606,0.001421939,0.005546288,0.0001341412,0.0007188568,0.0001722305,0.000004674052,0.00007936479,0.0008619679],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997137,0.0001088167,0.00002482614,0.00003436898,0.00004983245,0.00003989252,0.000001667785,0.000008420971,0.00001846554],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2775013,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4883148,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3009037215","doi":"10.1109/mpe.2020.2974607","title":"Study of Transmission/Distribution Network With Large Number of Power Electronic Devices Using Hybrid Simulation","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Power and Energy Magazine","topic":"Real-time simulation and control systems","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Powertech Labs (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Electric power system; Electric power transmission; Power transmission; Transformer; Electrical engineering; Computer science; Real Time Digital Simulator; Transient (computer programming); Power electronics; Power engineering; Transmission system; Voltage; Electronic engineering; Power (physics); Engineering; Transmission (telecommunications); Power factor; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008489502332984327,"gpt":0.2305386558211833,"spread":0.222049153488199,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008065354,0.0001389827,0.0002707834,0.00001878553,0.00003513758,0.00001304552,0.00004782206,0.00003884647,0.00008849929],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000002234146,0.0001169694,0.00003659486,0.0001786978,0.00001106151,0.0001211323,0.000005553843,0.00006187649,0.00000215501],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001712683,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000146364,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001913788,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001391526,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991445,0.00003944702,0.0003022715,0.000143254,0.0001637233,0.0002068265],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996558,0.00003143107,0.00007149023,0.00009868963,0.00006991054,0.00007263356],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001311866,0.00006581067,0.002765765,0.00003419859,0.00009556842,0.00000298783,0.0002748545,0.9928802,0.003046546,0.0001382324,0.0001198631,0.0004447915],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002281128,0.0003502407,0.00499538,0.00005357674,0.00008132675,0.0000068539,0.000106641,0.979677,0.0007874485,0.00002010941,0.01142736,0.000212909],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8460048,0.0003574612,0.1523225,0.00001046942,0.00006021163,0.00008417018,0.00001195546,0.00005798775,0.001090431],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9998122,0.00001291082,0.00003234244,0.0000233885,0.00004916298,0.000002936204,0.00002171237,0.00002221566,0.00002316185],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1538074,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4769872,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4396688673","doi":"10.1109/mpe.2023.3348430","title":"Situational Awareness: A Road Map to Generation Plant Modernization and Reliability","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Power and Energy Magazine","topic":"Fault Detection and Control Systems","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Hydro-Québec","funders":"","keywords":"Reliability (semiconductor); Modernization theory; Situation awareness; Reliability engineering; Engineering; Computer science; Environmental science; Transport engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008657166511755467,"gpt":0.2143796619471223,"spread":0.2057224954353669,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008430005,0.0001035362,0.00009853745,0.00008229483,0.00004673869,0.00009573466,0.00002306708,0.00005686954,0.00002705864],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00000687028,0.00009537966,0.00001755452,0.00009006482,0.000009352535,0.0001201949,0.00000732833,0.00004267456,0.00002812771],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003092743,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001114675,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000581987,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001378346,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994448,0.00001621845,0.000146367,0.0001895434,0.0001021683,0.0001009128],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997962,0.00001409571,0.000006269181,0.00008418249,0.00002690164,0.00007238717],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005781591,0.00003674382,0.0004991914,0.0002915075,0.0001088617,0.00002061506,0.001154494,0.6774192,0.2304351,0.003751905,0.03533927,0.05088533],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001346967,0.00002778637,0.001115462,0.00002341256,0.000008407416,0.00002213465,0.00000794174,0.9202318,0.0009155387,0.0001155027,0.07727114,0.0001262228],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6390383,0.002152794,0.3516513,0.0005959382,0.003311996,0.0001060266,0.00006345652,0.0005856766,0.002494523],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984039,0.00007244737,0.00009451897,0.00007401756,0.0002414161,0.0000362211,0.00004057371,0.0000172082,0.001019707],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3593656,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.388947,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2942303847","doi":"10.1109/mpe.2019.2896689","title":"High-Voltage dc Conversion: Boosting Transmission Capacity in the Grid","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Power and Energy Magazine","topic":"HVDC Systems and Fault Protection","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"SNC-Lavalin (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Boosting (machine learning); Voltage; Electrical engineering; Grid; Electric power transmission; Power transmission; Materials science; Electronic engineering; Computer science; Engineering; Physics; Power (physics); Mathematics; Artificial intelligence","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009243416866841792,"gpt":0.1814753428177912,"spread":0.1722319259509494,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001886661,0.0001180454,0.0001387596,0.00005286412,0.00004282663,0.00002598452,0.00007081249,0.00008345528,0.00009534923],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000002764062,0.0000839327,0.00003082004,0.0001217017,0.00001434242,0.0001146141,0.000005630375,0.0001400295,0.00004294616],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001993375,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003307024,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002923491,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002993508,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993928,0.0000281768,0.0001571507,0.0001379399,0.0001139864,0.0001699311],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997632,0.00003146681,0.00001648108,0.0001362111,0.0000122621,0.0000404135],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001179728,0.0001095114,0.002746157,0.0006744151,0.00008288105,0.00008056461,0.004982987,0.03593497,0.8925555,0.002638035,0.01742187,0.04265516],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002270213,0.0002440236,0.01711246,0.0002793841,0.00002033555,0.0001228743,0.0003172294,0.03117386,0.04102486,0.0002069825,0.9065704,0.000657423],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9730589,0.0003857461,0.009601728,0.00008535402,0.001647794,0.00009379516,0.000005341708,0.0001126497,0.01500869],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990168,0.00008075172,0.00006049423,0.000079987,0.0001348392,0.000009867534,0.000004260171,0.00001474509,0.0005982165],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8891485,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3422676,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2085156673","doi":"10.1109/mpae.2003.1197917","title":"Control and stability dynamic performance of power systems [Book Review]","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Power and Energy Magazine","topic":"Power System Optimization and Stability","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Powertech Labs (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Electric power system; Stability (learning theory); Control system; Control engineering; Control theory (sociology); Computer science; Power control; Power (physics); Engineering; Control (management); Electrical engineering; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.004415495161150911,"gpt":0.1886649609019333,"spread":0.1842494657407824,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003729065,0.0001870832,0.0004204443,0.0000465038,0.00003588304,0.0000164556,0.00005957087,0.00007150455,0.0001895756],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003011314,0.0001645901,0.00004221644,0.0001128165,0.00007574586,0.0001473538,0.00000762215,0.00007377077,0.000004735015],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003306497,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001589758,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005994031,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006290089,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989343,0.00008855226,0.0004230153,0.0002113229,0.0001357315,0.0002071111],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999392,0.00004771844,0.00005342017,0.0003039071,0.000090928,0.0001120405],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001514446,0.002679514,0.1265602,0.117223,0.003839473,0.0001092526,0.006218009,0.2350166,0.1497203,0.03958979,0.309422,0.008107482],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003476271,0.0004926687,0.01217246,0.001406252,0.0001506554,0.000154979,0.00007802108,0.2443318,0.001886574,0.00002142951,0.7345503,0.001278632],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3167228,0.4830841,0.08791791,0.0001570128,0.003381155,0.0007527395,0.0001607095,0.0004781632,0.1073454],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9904038,0.008854313,0.00004590357,0.0001728028,0.000002642572,0.00002205191,0.000003443092,0.0000199131,0.0004750856],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.673681,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6711788,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6903251803","doi":"10.1109/mpe.2024.3515921","title":"Electromagnetic Transient Modeling and Simulation of Large Power Systems: EMT Simulators for the Future Grid [Feature]","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Power and Energy Magazine","topic":"Real-time simulation and control systems","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"RTDS Technologies (Canada); Opal-Rt Technologies (Canada); Polytechnique Montréal; University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Modeling and simulation; Phasor; Transient (computer programming); Power grid; Power (physics); Power network; Grid; Systems simulation; Electric power system","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.003620993005334096,"gpt":0.2132001049217395,"spread":0.2095791119164054,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000157204,0.000185187,0.0002750902,0.0001055644,0.00009589091,0.00005373342,0.00006945393,0.0001222731,0.000007863363],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000007334529,0.0001372716,0.00007347772,0.0001555686,0.00001648406,0.00009000767,0.000007248781,0.0000802615,5.713596e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001853446,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001181412,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001088402,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002049817,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991431,0.00002758427,0.000293552,0.000183436,0.0001214206,0.000230935],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999492,0.0001439051,0.0000344927,0.0001877346,0.00009045359,0.00005143891],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005824143,0.00001251286,0.00001988004,0.0001068297,0.00009306756,3.966084e-7,0.000150898,0.9933258,0.003186849,0.001650439,0.0007672888,0.0006278481],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001055925,0.00006430915,0.0002785151,0.00004525532,0.00006063988,0.000001628958,0.00009730113,0.9491456,0.00007128727,0.00005193693,0.04899921,0.000128366],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2447028,0.03891317,0.704905,0.0004342675,0.003913873,0.000677239,0.00007560221,0.0002552393,0.00612286],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988182,0.0002087309,0.00002606379,0.00006555873,0.000116814,0.00003010508,0.000009871334,0.00002435479,0.0007003005],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7541155,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5597774,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4396688641","doi":"10.1109/mpe.2024.3366503","title":"The Electric Power Systems of the Future: Still Progress to be Made [In my View]","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Power and Energy Magazine","topic":"Power Systems and Renewable Energy","field":"Energy","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Hydro-Québec","funders":"","keywords":"Electric power system; Electrical engineering; Electric power; Electric power industry; Electricity generation; Engineering; Computer science; Power (physics); Engineering physics; Systems engineering; Electricity; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006264974088927471,"gpt":0.219653173618798,"spread":0.2133881995298705,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004620765,0.0003577841,0.0004346739,0.0002095028,0.0001405386,0.0001925029,0.0005105764,0.0001949082,0.00003854391],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001761212,0.0001868644,0.0001674472,0.001175273,0.0001106524,0.0001087022,0.0001167058,0.0002124017,0.00001936831],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007920884,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001047826,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001641898,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003243817,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9975514,0.0002132945,0.0006205704,0.0005052807,0.0004614817,0.0006479317],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988374,0.0001274804,0.0000996009,0.0006813344,0.00008720805,0.0001670388],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004198423,0.0004373958,0.0007456372,0.0006546778,0.000960351,0.0003109782,0.003523424,0.03063899,0.07012505,0.646192,0.1875127,0.05847895],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002644395,0.0001330434,0.001077936,0.0002161308,0.00002591685,0.00007795697,0.0001454214,0.001124537,0.002843823,0.0001799412,0.9936316,0.0002792416],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3636112,0.4322425,0.001451982,0.01376118,0.05862883,0.00091238,0.00008581021,0.0006029189,0.1287032],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9683407,0.001178437,0.00001195872,0.0002858815,0.0004044845,0.000126806,0.00000337294,0.00006854146,0.02957981],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8061189,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7620109,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3008242411","doi":"10.1109/mpe.2020.2974595","title":"The Closed-Loop Revolution","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Power and Energy Magazine","topic":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"RTDS Technologies (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Relay; Desk; Context (archaeology); Tripping; Circuit breaker; Enclosure; Trunking; Protective relay; Electrical engineering; Engineering; Telecommunications; Computer science; Computer security; Operating system; Power (physics)","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006862376743072365,"gpt":0.1855813479852793,"spread":0.178718971242207,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00003763398,0.00008440555,0.00007396426,0.00001164962,0.000100997,0.00002742031,0.00008893873,0.00004283594,0.0000216008],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001321341,0.00005958352,0.00002676829,0.0001075583,0.00005567055,0.00006296092,0.00001556686,0.00008631035,0.00004991861],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000007230464,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004879319,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006700314,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002548881,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995387,0.00001155649,0.00009870365,0.0001051695,0.00008381591,0.0001620802],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997612,0.00003031478,0.000008613807,0.00009719487,0.00001394576,0.00008879413],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001357231,0.00004613744,0.0004739969,0.0001381333,0.0001513225,0.00006849207,0.002196108,0.04665132,0.09313273,0.03278277,0.7719268,0.0522965],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001979276,0.00005266036,0.001577976,0.000009350362,0.000007865076,0.00001053888,0.00003633463,0.03289463,0.002842293,0.0002088329,0.9620086,0.0001529878],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6355132,0.04025799,0.03874198,0.01508316,0.009842381,0.0001860382,0.00003149123,0.001806425,0.2585373],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9967077,0.001768283,0.00003168331,0.0003694655,0.0002570845,0.000004344836,0.000001899932,0.00001175057,0.0008477299],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3611946,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2429745,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2426153495","doi":"10.1109/mpe.2016.2548432","title":"Canada-U.S. ac Intertie: First Canadian Hydro Plant at Niagara Falls [History]","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Power and Energy Magazine","topic":"Canadian Identity and History","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Hydroelectricity; Engineering; Rail transportation; Civil engineering; Archaeology; Electrical engineering; Environmental science; Geography; Transport engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007501542753326811,"gpt":0.1747479922529618,"spread":0.167246449499635,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001256567,0.0001262585,0.0001621936,0.0002635515,0.000682892,0.00005909587,0.0002124546,0.0001049795,0.00357942],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004321128,0.0001245261,0.00004498344,0.00008425092,0.0004341639,0.0001428008,0.00002252868,0.00005994436,0.0001248824],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00701287,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00356514,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9997164,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9999995,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987704,0.00004221278,0.0001603109,0.0002651097,0.0002497635,0.0005121907],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988744,0.00004874211,0.00004456372,0.0001855491,0.00004257208,0.0008041898],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000114974,0.000006192368,0.0002003546,0.00000376975,0.00001637636,0.0001058792,0.001365454,0.000001260277,0.0001279706,0.003184295,0.993301,0.001675997],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001798215,0.00001747666,0.001001253,0.00002616564,0.000009109917,0.000007149472,0.00003496538,0.000001658925,0.00001709212,0.00003117062,0.9984624,0.0002117493],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.06258135,0.00424421,0.00002897229,0.02100649,0.008126017,0.0001008323,0.0007047714,0.00009748452,0.9031098],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6883986,0.0007958108,0.00000350946,0.002203737,0.0002038677,0.000007934745,0.000007590532,0.00001589228,0.3083631],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6258172,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9973314,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392119428","doi":"10.1109/mpe.2023.3346365","title":"Accelerated and Online Electromagnetic Transient Simulations: Key for Swift and Accurate Stability Analysis in Large-Scale Low-Inertia Power Systems","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Power and Energy Magazine","topic":"Real-time simulation and control systems","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Opal-Rt Technologies (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Swift; Transient (computer programming); Inertia; Transient analysis; Key (lock); Electric power system; Stability (learning theory); Scale (ratio); Computer science; Power (physics); Engineering; Control theory (sociology); Transient response; Control engineering; Electrical engineering; Physics; Artificial intelligence","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009503262611823167,"gpt":0.2348585938799991,"spread":0.2253553312681759,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002013021,0.0002455914,0.0004389431,0.0003041996,0.00005066867,0.0002235336,0.00004983354,0.0001178382,0.00005803062],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000011946,0.0002182858,0.00007177821,0.0005966497,0.00002684471,0.0002277092,0.000009469328,0.0001019455,0.000001518965],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003684512,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001595324,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008000881,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001283575,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998624,0.0000551131,0.0004857028,0.0003860902,0.0001222846,0.0003268604],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994455,0.0001465834,0.00002655312,0.0001810233,0.00007168695,0.0001286718],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002674292,0.000248904,0.00335099,0.000787306,0.001112005,0.00002459838,0.002371733,0.85141,0.1373608,0.0008216195,0.0004544655,0.001790146],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001064131,0.00009813087,0.01570288,0.00005249946,0.0001525975,0.000004657573,0.00007696398,0.9779099,0.0001744415,0.00002700448,0.004489694,0.0002471024],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9644771,0.007113787,0.02678999,0.00008296722,0.0003050528,0.0002479189,0.0001661596,0.0001882269,0.000628827],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999139,0.0002331366,0.00005255123,0.0000295942,0.00003615995,0.00004006992,0.0001115466,0.00003533248,0.0003226557],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1371863,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8901438,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4292347739","doi":"10.1109/mpe.2022.3184058","title":"Smart City Energy Technology in the Face of Emergency Situations: Electric Supply, Electric Transportation, and Communication","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Power and Energy Magazine","topic":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Alterra Power (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Electricity; Mains electricity; Critical infrastructure; Face (sociological concept); Smart city; Telecommunications; Electricity generation; Business; Computer security; Computer science; Environmental economics; Engineering; Electrical engineering; Power (physics); Internet of Things","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00761314866379533,"gpt":0.2209546636639833,"spread":0.2133415150001879,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003124032,0.0001074683,0.0001471998,0.0004161693,0.0002774039,0.0000109663,0.0006985244,0.00008175864,0.00001954887],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001095006,0.00009840937,0.00002578251,0.002203844,0.00005608998,0.00009193886,0.00006941023,0.0002123593,3.477118e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001864218,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003172289,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002630625,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005363455,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990065,0.0001042395,0.0002968525,0.0002673426,0.0001467292,0.0001783564],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991737,0.00006541322,0.000112817,0.0005653834,0.0000617026,0.00002101185],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009265706,0.0002876515,0.004404882,0.000005663789,0.00001977169,0.000002535503,0.001059123,0.0001434555,0.009610029,0.952173,0.001593929,0.03069071],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001247242,0.0007054656,0.1050976,0.00001001636,0.00004806086,0.0001160266,0.000568529,0.03878145,0.01428911,0.7729248,0.06556175,0.0006499916],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7433241,0.01061779,0.2269415,0.0179191,0.0001121196,0.0001640701,0.00001452598,0.0001767951,0.0007300758],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9960071,0.002920148,0.000568309,0.0001648832,0.000003490502,0.0002301161,0.00001561786,0.000005173967,0.00008518064],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.252683,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4013018,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404562694","doi":"10.1109/mpe.2024.3375250","title":"Unleashing Artificial Intelligence: Monitoring and Diagnosing Large Hydrogenerators","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Power and Energy Magazine","topic":"Magnetic Field Sensors Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Hydro-Québec; École de Technologie Supérieure","funders":"","keywords":"Engineering; Artificial intelligence; Computer science; Forensic engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01060298377933637,"gpt":0.2373252716377275,"spread":0.2267222878583912,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001133519,0.0001693041,0.0001384884,0.0001290588,0.00006006452,0.000169717,0.00005608964,0.0001056447,0.00005946874],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001318069,0.0001684942,0.00002964157,0.0001479088,0.00003229056,0.0001275457,0.00002929144,0.000160443,0.00000869811],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001806794,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005571163,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000201149,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001761016,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992161,0.00001406599,0.0001903318,0.0002191559,0.0001015231,0.0002587917],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996958,0.00007264288,0.000007448448,0.0001207488,0.00001334128,0.00008995288],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001884377,0.00006951229,0.0008847681,0.0005794823,0.0001933288,0.0005046595,0.003900341,0.004052123,0.3540055,0.06573216,0.01027192,0.5597873],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007934702,0.0001376377,0.000475099,0.0004182797,0.00006075254,0.00009704371,0.0001901275,0.1399069,0.741931,0.007183243,0.1086477,0.000872961],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9313591,0.01317662,0.04320021,0.000176245,0.002422922,0.00004969022,0.000007912337,0.001274652,0.008332678],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9966918,0.00168767,0.0009799661,0.00002616842,0.0003476516,0.00001244472,0.00000168275,0.00004056273,0.0002120982],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5589144,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6870995,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402673276","doi":"10.1109/mpe.2024.3428441","title":"Emissions Response: Efficient Decarbonization using Real-Time Data","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Power and Energy Magazine","topic":"Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Real-time data; Environmental science; Computer science; World Wide Web","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02959852919476509,"gpt":0.2866096681055449,"spread":0.2570111389107799,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004803554,0.0001128831,0.00009399115,0.00004282756,0.0001478806,0.00007029086,0.0001511403,0.00005503849,0.000334215],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005908676,0.00009759737,0.00001900476,0.0002642863,0.00008459833,0.0001232538,0.0002255906,0.00006602503,0.0001116742],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000815837,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001671715,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002219792,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004286122,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989855,0.00007474164,0.0001618312,0.0003804158,0.0001942674,0.0002032998],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994034,0.0001115786,0.00002388029,0.0003447461,0.000005179258,0.0001112682],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001877736,0.0001142418,0.001334428,0.00003070122,0.00004151102,0.000147952,0.001212562,0.05977171,0.8841699,0.0002819952,0.02140995,0.03129721],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001355999,0.00005536991,0.003398842,0.000127846,0.00003543315,0.0000733093,0.00003689813,0.9093578,0.002457109,0.00007779758,0.08396459,0.0002794406],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9740716,0.0002236666,0.0119575,0.0002577211,0.0006954569,0.00002659153,0.0000250558,0.0001825006,0.0125599],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9911069,0.00004029262,0.001543629,0.0000278881,0.0001179824,0.000001425916,0.00002199639,0.00002294503,0.007116885],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8817129,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3979906,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4313534831","doi":"10.1109/mpe.2022.3219171","title":"Grid behavior: PMU-enabled dynamic state estimation [Editors’ Voice]","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Power and Energy Magazine","topic":"Fault Detection and Control Systems","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Grid; Circuit breaker; State of health; Electric power system; GRASP; Computer science; State (computer science); Asset management; Process (computing); Reliability engineering; Asset (computer security); Power (physics); Engineering; Computer security; Electrical engineering; Business; Finance","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.004781500072634596,"gpt":0.2136517095007607,"spread":0.2088702094281261,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001011604,0.0001672242,0.0001790235,0.0001650617,0.00006708648,0.0000608331,0.00006627176,0.00007610308,0.0000398898],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00000744386,0.0001627277,0.00004695603,0.0002768678,0.00001907736,0.0001485543,0.00001205696,0.00009312506,0.0004027969],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004298303,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000716288,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005835737,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001377966,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991668,0.00001953687,0.0002194704,0.0001776742,0.0001452073,0.000271299],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996514,0.00002554633,0.00002445619,0.0001672788,0.00002876268,0.0001024984],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008522955,0.00008732609,0.0003333953,0.0002179537,0.0002436415,0.0002008577,0.0008256331,0.470463,0.225458,0.0001275486,0.2342729,0.06768453],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007465281,0.00006610312,0.00508987,0.00002451674,0.00002800924,0.00002721857,0.00002971471,0.7935537,0.001166495,0.00008036474,0.1988695,0.0003180427],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8858485,0.0006735563,0.04577653,0.0002894468,0.04483963,0.0002644139,0.0001270329,0.00476536,0.01741554],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9930187,0.0001212749,0.00002925424,0.00002929773,0.000249365,0.00008273673,0.00004139234,0.00004316119,0.00638478],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3230906,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6635841,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406012172","doi":"10.1109/mpe.2024.3506900","title":"Wide-Area Power Grid Control: Promising Experiences Around the World [Editor’s Voice]","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Power and Energy Magazine","topic":"Power System Optimization and Stability","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Power grid; Control (management); Power (physics); Grid; Telecommunications; Computer science; Geography; Artificial intelligence","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.005619786419556509,"gpt":0.2103496013991866,"spread":0.2047298149796301,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002409087,0.0002395832,0.0002799204,0.00011873,0.0001692909,0.0001665708,0.0002001919,0.00007637386,0.0001789366],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004702726,0.0001720715,0.00007268558,0.0003601083,0.0001271838,0.000201445,0.00002709993,0.0001343239,0.00001335731],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005090304,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002994529,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001946192,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002202604,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988138,0.00006136867,0.0003487517,0.0002772574,0.0001843955,0.0003144133],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992384,0.0001979601,0.00003795381,0.0003575613,0.00007443329,0.00009373132],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002097556,0.0001813566,0.005504719,0.0001603805,0.0004663319,0.00002433094,0.006745961,0.05988125,0.002952496,0.00367664,0.9190888,0.001107998],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008926254,0.00003762911,0.001963935,0.00008039941,0.00003199039,0.000006379097,0.0008494537,0.02887379,0.0009634594,0.0001508973,0.9657833,0.0003661596],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.102669,0.005963912,0.3037172,0.002863948,0.07054008,0.0005131892,0.00005567097,0.001322079,0.512355],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9930024,0.00003810168,0.00006769734,0.0005209261,0.000239003,0.00008019858,0.000004674108,0.00002073027,0.006026284],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8903334,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7016873,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4407948556","doi":"10.1109/mpe.2024.3427727","title":"Macrogrids and Supergrids: Wide Area Transmission to Improve Electrification and Variable Renewable Energy Use","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Power and Energy Magazine","topic":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Electrovaya (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Renewable energy; Electrification; Variable (mathematics); Variable renewable energy; Computer science; Environmental economics; Environmental science; Electrical engineering; Engineering; Economics; Electricity; Energy storage; Physics; Mathematics; Power (physics)","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.003056160103341017,"gpt":0.1716741198355509,"spread":0.1686179597322099,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007804269,0.0001983984,0.0002064082,0.0001570994,0.00008797779,0.0001290778,0.00005503347,0.0001155925,0.0000249426],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001347485,0.0001879377,0.00002091846,0.0002635118,0.00002333584,0.0002205569,0.0000125411,0.00006161895,7.544066e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002395458,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001656212,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004254534,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001051009,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991413,0.00001818351,0.0002095943,0.0003023663,0.00006801424,0.0002605529],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995758,0.00005456481,0.00001487238,0.0001640492,0.00005307664,0.0001376491],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000169378,0.00004524846,0.0003194499,0.00008803122,0.0001083974,0.000004527621,0.0001252256,0.07167412,0.7920464,0.001695961,0.02147329,0.11225],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001295179,0.0001427064,0.0009735643,0.00008648866,0.00008227069,0.00001163393,0.00001142654,0.2363254,0.07791646,0.0007286137,0.6819798,0.0004464105],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.0227628,0.01223687,0.9563293,0.0004685056,0.0005341553,0.0001162486,0.00002411616,0.0002924079,0.007235589],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9699732,0.01343731,0.005219852,0.0008583744,0.0000671736,0.00006888816,0.00005978433,0.00004921163,0.01026623],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9511095,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7663875,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2536348916","doi":"10.1109/mpe.2016.2598229","title":"Tales of Power System Failures: A Look at the Unusual, Strange, and Downright Bizarre Causes","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Power and Energy Magazine","topic":"Industrial Automation and Control Systems","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Independent Electricity System Operator","funders":"","keywords":"Premise; Component (thermodynamics); Law and economics; Engineering; Epistemology; Computer science; Law; Philosophy; Sociology; Political science; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006362860017956344,"gpt":0.1845824773234583,"spread":0.178219617305502,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001063861,0.0001685481,0.0002412049,0.00006535703,0.00006850146,0.00003017091,0.00007881343,0.0001053248,0.00009559947],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00000733308,0.00008787625,0.00004519624,0.00008376736,0.00009675193,0.00009654555,0.0000193812,0.00004277656,0.00002643824],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003472513,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001182007,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007033459,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003059804,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992129,0.0000407241,0.0002675524,0.0001487136,0.0001419629,0.0001881208],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995588,0.00008283768,0.0000505378,0.0001931745,0.00004225014,0.00007241428],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003843376,0.0001143311,0.002087427,0.000826726,0.001344025,0.0001047536,0.00273572,0.001529725,0.76512,0.07402331,0.1244124,0.02731732],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005553084,0.0003100795,0.005404289,0.0009747376,0.0001556177,0.0002847698,0.0008400355,0.002309203,0.04561783,0.00009471782,0.93749,0.00096567],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9493932,0.005228413,0.002467847,0.0008034119,0.001886184,0.0002195481,0.0001827719,0.0004496916,0.03936899],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.995576,0.0001125189,0.000004586214,0.00002733819,0.00009454868,0.00001749564,0.00000229595,0.00002157124,0.004143604],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8130776,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3583489,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404562801","doi":"10.1109/mpe.2024.3408111","title":"Toward Artificial-Intelligence-Empowered Smarter Power Grid: Forecasting, Dispatch, and Control","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Power and Energy Magazine","topic":"Energy Load and Power Forecasting","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Power grid; Computer science; Control (management); Grid; Economic dispatch; Artificial intelligence; Power (physics); Operations research; Industrial engineering; Electric power system; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01917334139633762,"gpt":0.2163772894570819,"spread":0.1972039480607443,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001932859,0.0004383491,0.0003892312,0.0002128523,0.0001028588,0.0002850725,0.0001292687,0.0001841592,0.0002830369],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002100007,0.0003883256,0.0001141831,0.0002558792,0.0001229611,0.0002827058,0.00003979211,0.0002658701,0.00004946199],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003158333,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001918155,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004576798,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000910946,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982091,0.00002957213,0.0004668456,0.0004881326,0.0002062834,0.0006001068],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992642,0.000159385,0.00003052593,0.0002357347,0.00004198915,0.000268207],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005641091,0.0003634058,0.001936587,0.001828991,0.002614254,0.003009417,0.01201402,0.05245712,0.06851964,0.09724758,0.0972216,0.6622233],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006720282,0.0005787967,0.0006134892,0.0007685,0.0002290495,0.0007558578,0.0002810401,0.4220697,0.01321079,0.008810381,0.5498517,0.00215863],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4039997,0.03445959,0.3450303,0.001665506,0.02892075,0.0003599676,0.0004152008,0.003686605,0.1814624],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997245,0.0005531574,0.0002900917,0.0001940517,0.0005201083,0.00002710263,0.0000228454,0.0001032807,0.001044374],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6600646,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998569,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402673249","doi":"10.1109/mpe.2024.3442860","title":"Offshore Wind Energy Transmission: Challenges and Innovations in Collecting and Transmitting Electricity from Sea to Cities [Editor’s Voice]","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Power and Energy Magazine","topic":"Maritime Transport Emissions and Efficiency","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Offshore wind power; Electricity; Submarine pipeline; Transmission (telecommunications); Oceanography; Wind power; Energy (signal processing); Telecommunications; Environmental science; Marine engineering; Business; Engineering; Geology; Electrical engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01020260582319647,"gpt":0.2186996844863668,"spread":0.2084970786631703,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001962922,0.0002030231,0.0002144355,0.000156537,0.0001759737,0.00006469767,0.00007807798,0.0001090939,0.0003682367],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009112017,0.0001787855,0.00002549413,0.0005424538,0.0001004964,0.0001799556,0.00002797312,0.0001492295,0.000003008663],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003434162,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002023266,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001262234,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001225209,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986763,0.00003277377,0.000273528,0.00051401,0.0001955165,0.0003078554],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995546,0.0001321088,0.00001873654,0.0001028929,0.00000980006,0.0001818347],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001520377,0.0002646038,0.01207924,0.0001692148,0.00007035731,0.0001734733,0.01629791,0.001141735,0.05548114,0.002250924,0.0132654,0.898654],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008886431,0.0003696046,0.1308229,0.0004590717,0.00005780442,0.00004938071,0.0006329516,0.02097314,0.003844541,0.002635538,0.8383372,0.0009292406],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.94259,0.01261513,0.005122404,0.00294567,0.0006365047,0.00008876028,0.00003385532,0.0001176596,0.03585002],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9945078,0.0029166,0.0004328441,0.0001979477,0.0002117791,0.00001160885,0.000009692444,0.00002055529,0.001691198],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8977247,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7290661,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2154449851","doi":"10.1109/mpe.2007.915187","title":"Opening Up for Interoperability","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Power and Energy Magazine","topic":"Power Systems and Technologies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"BC Hydro (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Interoperability; Modular design; Architecture; Consolidation (business); Scalability; Computer science; Systems engineering; Engineering; Open architecture; Engineering management; Business; Operating system","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01697719500030988,"gpt":0.2108745080565924,"spread":0.1938973130562825,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005672875,0.0001211781,0.0001705173,0.00005032712,0.00006197963,0.00001600118,0.0000987582,0.00007068431,0.00002022092],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001302694,0.0001029404,0.00004053758,0.00006194629,0.00005494678,0.00009904278,0.00002511997,0.00005782903,0.000009543752],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001670003,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004741286,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002241467,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002721284,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994544,0.000004975275,0.0001501218,0.0001496182,0.00004842951,0.0001923982],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997168,0.0000220248,0.0000111212,0.0001815357,0.00002572741,0.00004285515],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002724561,0.0002107617,0.009095007,0.0007084931,0.000756898,0.00016232,0.005093431,0.005777734,0.2303611,0.02656663,0.5782856,0.1427096],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000923803,0.0001806742,0.002983029,0.00004501548,0.00001129872,0.0001460289,0.0000782026,0.006517772,0.03099786,0.0004605556,0.9571974,0.0004583377],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8847103,0.00199794,0.07541478,0.0001040122,0.003196131,0.00009200405,0.00001984545,0.00105365,0.03341131],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9965233,0.0001617574,0.0004762776,0.00003322407,0.00004720583,0.00003794187,0.000002804502,0.00002145553,0.002696072],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3789119,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4197789,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4401990351","doi":"10.1109/mpe.2023.3342758","title":"Energy Poor No More: Intelligent Approaches to Realizing Energy Well-Being","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Power and Energy Magazine","topic":"Energy and Environment Impacts","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Energy (signal processing); Computer science; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02077229430690663,"gpt":0.2155936756586665,"spread":0.1948213813517599,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000221809,0.000444983,0.0003025491,0.0001498413,0.0001821068,0.0001561179,0.0002978923,0.0001736643,0.001967383],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000124317,0.0003879847,0.0001236541,0.0004186711,0.000198693,0.0003735988,0.0003163075,0.000142014,0.0007286142],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001827649,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001237054,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00163492,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003853645,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9975509,0.00006817726,0.0003713291,0.0008494182,0.0004370513,0.00072313],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989324,0.0000763171,0.00004399873,0.000417828,0.000004601146,0.0005248173],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003467016,0.0006065776,0.0008883969,0.0001015114,0.0004303454,0.0007094114,0.002583446,0.1594052,0.09289452,0.1641612,0.2730775,0.3047953],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000150406,0.0001810999,0.0006785908,0.00007222584,0.00003805866,0.00006150563,0.00005188958,0.007254977,0.02074253,0.001508625,0.9686673,0.000592763],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.04934499,0.002016538,0.07254513,0.003714063,0.002119385,0.00007357213,0.00001433385,0.0004907764,0.8696812],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9428091,0.001222349,0.0007205821,0.003515436,0.0002855298,0.00004452182,0.00003314285,0.00008109218,0.05128824],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8934641,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998572,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2538584138","doi":"10.1109/mpe.2016.2591758","title":"Watch Out for Flooding: When the Power System Created a Weather Disaster","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Power and Energy Magazine","topic":"Plant responses to water stress","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Blackout; Thunderstorm; Storm; Tornado; Flooding (psychology); Flood myth; Meteorology; Extreme weather; National weather service; Severe weather; Winter storm; Environmental science; Icing; Engineering; Electric power system; Forensic engineering; Geography; Power (physics); Archaeology; Geology; Oceanography; Climate change","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01500508594937721,"gpt":0.1999411896469683,"spread":0.1849361036975911,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001462305,0.0001822019,0.0001836733,0.000008120376,0.000140332,0.00008199825,0.0002298641,0.00008675006,0.0002173208],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001619621,0.0000419405,0.00008506262,0.00004923941,0.00007245328,0.0000980309,0.00005312813,0.00003439066,0.00006087657],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000172372,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003342413,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008027138,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006154393,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998985,0.00007026215,0.000173544,0.0002979093,0.0001324677,0.0003408108],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994256,0.0002805553,0.00004893222,0.00009797567,0.00004942141,0.00009754403],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008424128,0.00008663053,0.001676064,0.00001388084,0.0001127825,0.00002538108,0.0006920365,0.000001149192,0.9112498,0.001981267,0.04938347,0.03393518],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006210171,0.0003687888,0.0107196,0.0001078927,0.00003398329,0.00006504313,0.0001485336,0.0000314542,0.01752485,0.0002221251,0.9698231,0.0003336341],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9839935,0.0001191843,0.0002225999,0.006627195,0.0004771769,0.0001138831,0.0002064921,0.0001059798,0.008133952],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9418489,0.00002141325,0.000017995,0.0002208042,0.0001568241,0.00004671938,0.00001281018,0.000002526741,0.05767196],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9204396,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.237951,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2087772208","doi":"","title":"IEEE PES Fellows","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Power and Energy Magazine","topic":"Diverse Scientific and Economic Studies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Opal-Rt Technologies (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Electrical engineering; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02975960969785032,"gpt":0.1876816266065923,"spread":0.157922016908742,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001513149,0.0001516005,0.0003039479,0.0001406655,0.0001312503,0.00008253621,0.0001322544,0.00005906014,0.01212282],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000121675,0.0001622721,0.00008478131,0.0001144174,0.0001202524,0.0001909951,0.00003712573,0.00005666639,0.0136783],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002465586,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000001768472,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007387401,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002002024,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989344,0.000004635202,0.0003139177,0.0004249703,0.00002439909,0.0002976617],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995373,0.00002064682,0.00009833777,0.0002295547,0.00001498029,0.00009917782],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006739232,0.00008047989,0.001795058,0.000007926413,0.00008259954,0.000009243081,0.0005941605,0.00007314589,0.00006027251,0.05262623,0.9429046,0.001759569],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003901229,0.00003441298,0.0008744749,0.000004251143,0.00000501963,0.000006042562,0.00005690928,0.001702654,0.00006199543,0.001908464,0.9947118,0.0002438169],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.02822932,0.003808352,0.0003539214,0.0003372938,0.00441419,0.00002456578,0.0001113339,0.00005244918,0.9626686],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5467247,0.001262784,0.00008121101,0.0003985199,0.0001121994,0.000006554444,0.000001798768,0.00001206053,0.4514001],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5184954,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9887803,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2090590321","doi":"10.1109/mpe.2009.934875","title":"Challenges of power [From the Editor","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Power and Energy Magazine","topic":"Power Systems and Technologies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Electrical engineering; Power (physics); Computer science; Engineering; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007470950923045883,"gpt":0.1927821782665469,"spread":0.185311227343501,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007251254,0.0001295434,0.0001634178,0.00003588145,0.00002626732,0.00001461051,0.0001865029,0.0001341428,0.00005796511],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001515667,0.00008577824,0.00003910263,0.00005636904,0.00008529313,0.00006298321,0.00003319593,0.0001568419,0.00001429138],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000003388275,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004590529,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005292709,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003547292,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994505,0.00000669636,0.000149466,0.0001311903,0.0001001897,0.0001619522],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994915,0.00006742371,0.00002416648,0.0003587591,0.00002163701,0.00003648114],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002553852,0.0001153841,0.00099152,0.00007663033,0.0004201664,0.00002828064,0.001541563,0.0001671837,0.3828578,0.1182279,0.4257729,0.06977509],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002252223,0.00005588157,0.009998548,0.00002545133,0.00001070831,0.000010145,0.0001044414,0.00014326,0.01576745,0.001327731,0.9721402,0.0001909507],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7366045,0.01931039,0.001379201,0.002139729,0.04482232,0.00008634512,0.00008338847,0.001085592,0.1944886],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981766,0.0007055975,0.00009665121,0.00002131218,0.0007518968,0.000008941256,0.000001359739,0.00002040042,0.0002171854],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5463673,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3497935,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4366449621","doi":"10.1109/mpe.2023.3247106","title":"How to keep the lights on: Lessons from major blackouts over the last 35 years [Editors’ voice]","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Power and Energy Magazine","topic":"Lightning and Electromagnetic Phenomena","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Blackout; Meteorology; Power (physics); Electrical engineering; Harmonics; Telecommunications; Storm; Power grid; Engineering; Electric power system; Aeronautics; Voltage; Geography; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007747133351817005,"gpt":0.2223284542928166,"spread":0.2145813209409996,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009021402,0.0001989447,0.0001699331,0.00004508312,0.0002195767,0.0002072522,0.0002719685,0.00003919533,0.0001215541],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004504836,0.0001150069,0.00007471779,0.0002902807,0.00006511864,0.00006015512,0.00007955813,0.0001613688,0.0003624305],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000114202,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002111537,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002183887,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007007227,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988987,0.00004740712,0.0001212145,0.0003177876,0.0002202072,0.0003946129],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992413,0.0001652497,0.00004310599,0.0004029986,0.00002292021,0.0001244613],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004987213,0.0001017159,0.0007392677,0.000002659635,0.0002567969,0.0000127259,0.002464884,0.0001452852,0.0114669,0.0134542,0.9588217,0.01248404],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004980087,0.0001821849,0.03590351,0.00002299596,0.00004590345,6.708855e-7,0.0002002065,0.0001189076,0.001705681,0.006385711,0.9546698,0.0002664208],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9571801,0.0001075541,0.0002141091,0.01728881,0.00364812,0.00008449068,0.0001035943,0.0001053521,0.0212679],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9691339,0.00001137583,0.00001405096,0.0007070549,0.0045491,0.00003885996,0.00003225424,0.00002996856,0.02548342],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03516424,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4689845,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6940824149","doi":"10.1109/mpe.2025.3572171","title":"Meet the Candidates: PES President-elect, Secretary, and Treasurer [Society News]","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Power and Energy Magazine","topic":"Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"BC Hydro (Canada); University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Information system; Work (physics)","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00520948885309673,"gpt":0.1934705477795051,"spread":0.1882610589264084,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007798985,0.0001271527,0.0001246902,0.0000085484,0.0002429399,0.00009634483,0.0001014357,0.00006189477,0.0006211279],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002241866,0.0000419993,0.00006466127,0.0001608057,0.00002077025,0.00008619762,0.00003532935,0.00007808562,0.00001971048],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000006430114,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000739021,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003614001,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007611888,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993544,0.00004642699,0.0001207163,0.0002129826,0.00008217032,0.0001832802],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992904,0.0005342573,0.00002793917,0.00005169931,0.00003145505,0.00006426352],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001134112,0.00005619854,0.04201712,0.0000122424,0.0001345276,0.00000600771,0.0002114666,0.00001130204,0.09978476,0.005712619,0.8344893,0.01745101],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009041937,0.0001128686,0.03175353,0.00004247785,0.00005574567,0.00004341961,0.0001475029,0.000380688,0.001806293,0.001775288,0.9636121,0.0001796904],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8940004,0.007926793,0.0000437775,0.008975892,0.0007377852,0.0001041746,0.0004307965,0.00008809124,0.08769229],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9759559,0.004400215,0.00001289225,0.001813139,0.0001342333,0.0000125771,0.0001385557,8.906243e-7,0.01753158],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1291227,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6800915,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1905535664","doi":"10.1109/mpe.2015.2458759","title":"Wind?s Getting Better: Continual Improvement Is Critical for Future Needs [In My View]","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Power and Energy Magazine","topic":"Social Acceptance of Renewable Energy","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"École de Technologie Supérieure","funders":"","keywords":"Wind power; Electricity generation; Engineering; Computer science; Environmental economics; Environmental science; Electrical engineering; Power (physics); Economics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01513600462198349,"gpt":0.2907092619393082,"spread":0.2755732573173247,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006021257,0.0001910084,0.0003039669,0.0001128918,0.0002366792,0.0001217993,0.0002082926,0.0001992971,0.0001207648],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001634375,0.0001882075,0.00008635486,0.000317206,0.0002393053,0.0002973916,0.00004277875,0.0001012242,0.000007543936],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000117956,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001432264,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001771003,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008896885,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983225,0.00007669666,0.0002885018,0.0003110277,0.0003743145,0.0006269964],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991591,0.0001412119,0.00006271728,0.0001418103,0.0002013165,0.0002938385],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002430608,0.0003459426,0.005036785,0.00005544296,0.0001025285,0.00003884543,0.04059532,0.00008977239,0.003690987,0.13134,0.3144125,0.5040488],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001128242,0.0001885811,0.0004184097,0.00002618087,0.00002027314,0.000001204105,0.02210204,0.00006970121,0.001023949,0.005597853,0.9690762,0.0003474058],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7587644,0.004295056,0.003386133,0.0562102,0.008535925,0.0003575699,0.0000551653,0.0002632002,0.1681323],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9810592,0.0001915022,0.0009796077,0.005983559,0.003360933,0.00005739442,0.000007620908,0.00003414183,0.00832604],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6546636,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7674878,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}