{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":205,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":1,"predictions_cover":205,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"c7113bb6381d","filters":{"venue":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information"}},"results":[{"id":"W2052326455","doi":"10.3390/ijgi4010199","title":"Mapping Local Climate Zones for a Worldwide Database of the Form and Function of Cities","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","topic":"Urban Heat Island Mitigation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":696,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt; Argonne National Laboratory; University College Dublin; U.S. Geological Survey; National Aeronautics and Space Administration","keywords":"Workflow; Dissemination; Computer science; Data science; Function (biology); Software; Climate zones; Remote sensing; Geography; Environmental resource management; Database; Environmental science; Physical geography","authors":[{"name":"Benjamin Bechtel","is_ca":false},{"name":"Paul J. Alexander","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jürgen Böhner","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jason Ching","is_ca":false},{"name":"Olaf Conrad","is_ca":false},{"name":"Johannes J. Feddema","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gerald Mills","is_ca":false},{"name":"Linda See","is_ca":false},{"name":"Iain D. Stewart","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01340414912511246,"gpt":0.2286507905647567,"spread":0.2152466414396442,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005430912,0.00006134209,0.00009835268,0.0001165645,0.00003837416,0.00002483893,0.0001740352,0.00002943775,0.00003432663],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001492929,0.00004415709,0.00005769753,0.00008207458,0.0001029737,0.00226314,0.00009412258,0.0000632501,0.000005245173],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001226316,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003255099,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007407848,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000332038,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988684,0.0000169742,0.0005176011,0.0000353129,0.0004799689,0.00008171579],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989867,0.00005683589,0.0006209688,0.00006950654,0.0002272978,0.00003875761],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.004421679,0.0002768968,0.327627,0.0005649855,0.0005101962,0.000002739885,0.03598154,0.02361622,0.01045157,0.01942218,0.03897922,0.5381458],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01326171,0.001494811,0.6662101,0.001678331,0.0002776701,0.000455609,0.02909966,0.07902997,0.04989051,0.03315794,0.1247237,0.0007200228],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.817779,0.00004072839,0.179001,0.000613472,0.0009327617,0.0002027658,0.000114307,0.00000486029,0.001311035],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976344,0.00003168438,0.002059479,0.0001608058,0.00005249527,0.000003897903,0.00002912707,0.000002617089,0.00002549091],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5374258,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1800674,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3042728352","doi":"10.3390/ijgi9070439","title":"Extended Reality in Spatial Sciences: A Review of Research Challenges and Future Directions","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","topic":"Augmented Reality Applications","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":285,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Relevance (law); Virtual reality; Augmented reality; Scope (computer science); Aside; Data science; Modalities; Computer science; Domain (mathematical analysis); Geospatial analysis; Visualization; Mixed reality; Artificial reality; Focus (optics); Human–computer interaction; Computer-mediated reality; Sociology; Artificial intelligence; Political science; Social science; Geography","authors":[{"name":"Arzu Çöltekin","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ian Lochhead","is_ca":true},{"name":"Marguerite Madden","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sidonie Christophe","is_ca":false},{"name":"Alexandre Devaux","is_ca":false},{"name":"Christopher Pettit","is_ca":false},{"name":"Oliver Lock","is_ca":false},{"name":"Shashwat Shukla","is_ca":false},{"name":"Lukáš Heřman","is_ca":false},{"name":"Zdeněk Stachoň","is_ca":false},{"name":"Petr Kubíček","is_ca":false},{"name":"Dajana Snopková","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sérgio Bernardes","is_ca":false},{"name":"Nick Hedley","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.111491994929992,"gpt":0.4390235235867754,"spread":0.3275315286567835,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003759481,0.0001962102,0.000808484,0.001222822,0.0001027259,0.0001483845,0.00188324,0.0001611006,0.00001389231],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006133636,0.0001591009,0.0002397525,0.0009577758,0.0001868695,0.002477025,0.0004170009,0.0007873453,0.00001712703],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003550345,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009629997,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006974319,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002171059,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9956825,0.0004579827,0.001828702,0.0001964915,0.001641726,0.0001926146],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9958249,0.0003559695,0.001907699,0.0003011347,0.001497639,0.0001126868],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004288859,0.00004061994,2.220492e-7,0.007967728,0.00005697217,0.000004329627,0.0007146632,0.000001570048,5.331251e-8,0.02589928,0.0005175447,0.9647927],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001759383,0.00008889958,0.0000607617,0.02677826,0.00004208229,0.0002931216,0.0001625851,0.000316645,9.37218e-7,0.001479869,0.9704846,0.0001162621],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[2.443527e-7,0.9646257,0.01846792,0.01332295,0.000651735,0.0005173458,0.00005581696,0.00001741453,0.002340906],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00001813035,0.9973562,0.002023279,0.0001618975,0.0003592034,0.00004006071,0.0000333036,0.000004832962,0.000003116533],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9699671,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6487945,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3005359275","doi":"10.3390/ijgi9020095","title":"Geospatial Data Management Research: Progress and Future Directions","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","topic":"3D Modeling in Geospatial Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":183,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University; University of Calgary","funders":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst","keywords":"Geospatial analysis; Milestone; Data science; Data management; Computer science; Geospatial PDF; Geographic information system; Visualization; Data visualization; Spatial data infrastructure; Geospatial metadata; Spatial analysis; Database; Data mining; Geography; World Wide Web; Metadata; Remote sensing; Meta Data Services; Cartography; Data element","authors":[{"name":"Martin Breunig","is_ca":false},{"name":"Patrick Erik Bradley","is_ca":false},{"name":"Markus Jahn","is_ca":false},{"name":"Paul Vincent Kuper","is_ca":false},{"name":"Nima Mazroob","is_ca":false},{"name":"Norbert Rösch","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mulhim Al-Doori","is_ca":false},{"name":"Emmanuel Stefanakis","is_ca":true},{"name":"Mojgan Jadidi","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04233026645820982,"gpt":0.3137276399267364,"spread":0.2713973734685265,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003936121,0.00009673955,0.000106433,0.0002738813,0.00009673402,0.0002157566,0.0007201979,0.00005686934,0.0000401622],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000509432,0.00009369614,0.00003202915,0.0002082747,0.00004504187,0.002273484,0.0002247084,0.0003295089,0.00005956943],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008046369,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002890292,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001125705,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005040834,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985389,0.00002170259,0.000500474,0.00007788587,0.0007175797,0.0001435026],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988587,0.00003253329,0.0001426009,0.0001889509,0.0006586154,0.0001185939],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009582563,0.00004071204,0.0003803688,0.0001153981,0.000421667,0.00001132646,0.003845226,0.01421297,0.00003088039,0.005804493,0.03321271,0.9418284],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005126403,0.00004726034,0.002191285,0.00004114741,0.00002714848,0.00004489865,0.0006688629,0.226404,0.00006106343,0.0004512114,0.7694355,0.0001149624],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.07047788,0.00302026,0.8168092,0.08091424,0.00971927,0.001683715,0.001115765,0.0006636576,0.01559605],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9468822,0.004551866,0.04441749,0.000591146,0.003016979,0.00003573001,0.000467597,0.00002492646,0.00001210442],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9417135,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3820818,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2765164971","doi":"10.3390/ijgi6100317","title":"Review of Web Mapping: Eras, Trends and Directions","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","topic":"Geographic Information Systems Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":101,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ministero dell’Istruzione, dell’Università e della Ricerca","keywords":"Geospatial analysis; Web mapping; Computer science; World Wide Web; Cloud computing; Web service; The Internet; Data science; Web Coverage Service; Web application; Relation (database); Web modeling; Geography; Cartography; Database","authors":[{"name":"Bert Veenendaal","is_ca":false},{"name":"Maria Antonia Brovelli","is_ca":false},{"name":"Songnian Li","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0218819352928783,"gpt":0.3389969824909731,"spread":0.3171150471980948,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001539662,0.00007923389,0.0002093454,0.0005833918,0.0005633662,0.0002395196,0.0004712699,0.00005285877,0.0001172867],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00108873,0.00006996018,0.0001290971,0.0001350752,0.0001979559,0.004879037,0.00007369197,0.0001182465,0.00001923561],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007686684,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000121403,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000395659,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007416219,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981692,0.00004405012,0.0008793856,0.00003432842,0.0007601401,0.0001128721],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.995457,0.00005793546,0.002174631,0.0001248081,0.002120303,0.00006530972],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008809812,0.00007871175,0.05590644,0.00129394,0.0009490074,0.000004066338,0.04661741,0.00001663208,0.00003241397,0.0640418,0.09774967,0.7332218],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004656575,0.00002640714,0.05244644,0.001851037,0.00002460722,0.00003076278,0.003251953,0.00003499317,0.00001096894,0.0003194285,0.9414542,0.0000834989],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.0470636,0.01578884,0.002689673,0.08621084,0.01604157,0.0006859384,0.0002122754,0.00009493802,0.8312123],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.945707,0.05209335,0.0005712518,0.0008457541,0.0003470051,0.00000653885,0.00001289112,0.000002929901,0.0004132549],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8986434,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4333014,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2805258596","doi":"10.3390/ijgi7060206","title":"Hydrological Modeling with Respect to Impact of Land-Use and Land-Cover Change on the Runoff Dynamics in Godavari River Basin Using the HEC-HMS Model","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","topic":"Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":97,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers; Multiple Sclerosis Scientific Research Foundation","keywords":"Hydrology (agriculture); Land cover; Surface runoff; Environmental science; Shrubland; Land use; Land use, land-use change and forestry; Streamflow; Urbanization; Structural basin; Drainage basin; Agricultural land; Geography; Geology; Ecosystem; Ecology; Geomorphology","authors":[{"name":"Sunitha Koneti","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sri Lakshmi Sunkara","is_ca":false},{"name":"P. S. Roy","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03031951838514246,"gpt":0.2720561869691768,"spread":0.2417366685840343,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004958031,0.00008341916,0.0001006195,0.000110068,0.00009236029,0.00004578695,0.0002157073,0.00003537585,0.00003680154],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006045193,0.00004012984,0.0000378994,0.00008315032,0.0001282875,0.001155391,0.000135821,0.0001305711,0.00001501679],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002276115,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008161901,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008648285,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001627479,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992263,0.00003870101,0.000248124,0.00005429997,0.0003196222,0.0001129308],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996045,0.00005454302,0.0001821717,0.00007519445,0.00005931124,0.00002426047],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008054866,0.00002491535,0.1365143,0.000001335581,0.00007165222,0.000002809607,0.00315226,0.858337,0.00001710789,0.0004286015,0.0001166768,0.0005278908],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003655796,0.0002456397,0.05851106,0.00003108977,0.00001308869,0.00001803501,0.00007785024,0.9399292,0.00001723156,0.0006756946,0.00006389761,0.00005156678],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9699396,0.000002306286,0.02706977,0.002170012,0.00006757077,0.0001295792,0.00001261257,0.000002758593,0.000605727],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980834,0.00002457062,0.0005503239,0.001285846,0.00004086627,0.000002290379,0.000002785674,0.000002426659,0.00000750856],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08159229,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1636447,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2885006302","doi":"10.3390/ijgi7080294","title":"An Object-Based Image Analysis Workflow for Monitoring Shallow-Water Aquatic Vegetation in Multispectral Drone Imagery","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","topic":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":89,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Fleming College; Trent University","funders":"","keywords":"Multispectral image; Workflow; Computer science; Drone; Remote sensing; Vegetation (pathology); Artificial intelligence; Software; Cartography; Geography; Database","authors":[{"name":"Dominique Chabot","is_ca":false},{"name":"Christopher Dillon","is_ca":false},{"name":"Adam Shemrock","is_ca":false},{"name":"Nicholas Weissflog","is_ca":true},{"name":"Eric P. S. Sager","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006371756479457254,"gpt":0.2718130461167544,"spread":0.2654412896372972,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007929348,0.0001191,0.0001639978,0.0005115535,0.0001123652,0.0002140272,0.0003148571,0.00006061173,0.00009774301],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001109142,0.0001018069,0.000150575,0.000299647,0.00009242607,0.002792671,0.00002245243,0.0001316321,0.0001682763],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003767129,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000275053,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002446176,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001618387,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984201,0.00005186592,0.0006704224,0.0001050712,0.0005524106,0.0002001835],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991213,0.00007771426,0.0003695689,0.0001515847,0.0002013037,0.00007854165],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001778382,0.0007455808,0.1564912,0.00004681765,0.0008566537,0.00002141771,0.01567651,0.2285819,0.2318902,0.0001404447,0.0005943184,0.3631766],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001723286,0.0002255411,0.3899074,0.00007135508,0.0001544095,0.00001861742,0.0003563299,0.5345418,0.07084727,0.0008242417,0.001070023,0.0002596928],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6829339,0.000003326148,0.3153898,0.0004718567,0.0004256428,0.000148279,0.00000558609,0.00001554469,0.0006060172],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.936712,0.000003576922,0.06280633,0.0001353704,0.0002436005,0.000004804448,0.00007541454,0.000006699877,0.00001221369],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3629169,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4151565,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3046048985","doi":"10.3390/ijgi9080479","title":"Daily Water Level Prediction of Zrebar Lake (Iran): A Comparison between M5P, Random Forest, Random Tree and Reduced Error Pruning Trees Algorithms","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","topic":"Hydrological Forecasting Using AI","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":84,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Ministry of Forests","funders":"","keywords":"Mean squared error; Random forest; Pruning; Statistics; Standard deviation; Tree (set theory); Decision tree; Algorithm; Computer science; Correlation coefficient; Mathematics; Machine learning","authors":[{"name":"Viet‐Ha Nhu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Himan Shahabi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ebrahim Nohani","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ataollah Shirzadi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Nadhir Al‐Ansari","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sepideh Bahrami","is_ca":false},{"name":"Shaghayegh Miraki","is_ca":false},{"name":"Marten Geertsema","is_ca":true},{"name":"Hoang Nguyen","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04662398621044315,"gpt":0.2698469896894758,"spread":0.2232230034790327,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007863742,0.0001651939,0.0003713763,0.0001428894,0.0001036246,0.0001034934,0.0003757288,0.000106131,0.0002085677],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003882652,0.0001190654,0.0001317853,0.0001126689,0.0001460969,0.002042873,0.000147796,0.0002847089,0.0000421576],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009392167,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001752403,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006056323,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002903411,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9975539,0.00008618777,0.001150133,0.0001143377,0.0008989143,0.0001964988],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987706,0.0001211613,0.0007437989,0.00007843561,0.0001361311,0.000149854],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.007520358,0.0002214329,0.3063571,0.00008753996,0.0007744136,0.00002490728,0.03344559,0.3665088,0.02375426,0.00004802055,0.006817637,0.2544399],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.02290671,0.001333624,0.4211515,0.0002670659,0.0002420395,0.0001704152,0.0005834991,0.5196409,0.01261096,0.000638856,0.02003505,0.0004193295],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.935332,0.00001228948,0.06106984,0.002121163,0.0003457952,0.0001965304,0.0001069053,0.00002652352,0.0007889647],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9954773,0.00001110097,0.003893247,0.0002580921,0.000210051,0.000003322441,0.0001214016,0.000007582629,0.00001793075],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2540206,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4855348,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2042842637","doi":"10.3390/ijgi3031101","title":"The Potential of Urban Agriculture in Montréal: A Quantitative Assessment","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","topic":"Urban Agriculture and Sustainability","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":82,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Downtown; Agriculture; Urban agriculture; Production (economics); Agricultural economics; Population; Business; Land use; Agricultural science; Environmental science; Geography; Economics; Engineering; Civil engineering","authors":[{"name":"Daniel Haberman","is_ca":true},{"name":"Laura A. Gillies","is_ca":true},{"name":"Aryeh Canter","is_ca":true},{"name":"Valentine Rinner","is_ca":true},{"name":"Laetitia Pancrazi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Federico Martellozzo","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0039081225131093,"gpt":0.2212582765001482,"spread":0.2173501539870389,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000752793,0.0000876201,0.0001431298,0.00003463526,0.00008729901,0.0001146569,0.0003990339,0.00006309057,0.00002156334],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002627505,0.00002653699,0.0001347624,0.0001674092,0.00004150988,0.001078128,0.00004553079,0.0001861527,0.000004903682],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001066967,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002122379,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003430481,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003294428,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998515,0.0001045252,0.0006388477,0.00004855775,0.0005702975,0.0001228363],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979405,0.0001976661,0.0006492365,0.00003147377,0.001138916,0.00004218798],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002185188,0.001047351,0.09750648,0.00006577731,0.0006609216,0.00002715871,0.007062791,0.00782209,0.05733342,0.1491499,0.09017703,0.5869619],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005850644,0.0004944012,0.8161058,0.0000448698,0.00001747196,0.00003600361,0.006343319,0.00132651,0.0004772967,0.003297067,0.1711461,0.0001261024],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9883704,0.0001746992,0.001354765,0.007477629,0.0007222916,0.0001834681,0.00002743385,0.000008833391,0.001680446],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992788,0.00007231966,0.0002517564,0.0001663796,0.0001500125,0.000003199484,0.00003442956,2.613609e-7,0.00004286155],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7185993,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1105639,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2885606789","doi":"10.3390/ijgi7080306","title":"Satellite-Derived Bathymetry for Improving Canadian Hydrographic Service Charts","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","topic":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":80,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Canadian Hydrographic Service","funders":"Canadian Space Agency","keywords":"Hydrographic survey; Bathymetry; Hydrography; Remote sensing; Satellite; Service (business); Environmental science; Environmental resource management; Geography; Cartography; Business; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"René Chénier","is_ca":true},{"name":"Marc-André Faucher","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ryan Ahola","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006009813403188667,"gpt":0.2265677260076213,"spread":0.2205579126044326,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003732686,0.00009635669,0.00009353427,0.0002776968,0.0001830352,0.0001520603,0.0003681557,0.00006719516,0.0002017886],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009535823,0.00009051758,0.00008509419,0.0002161909,0.00006665505,0.001564598,0.00003800192,0.0001103399,0.0003817445],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002669225,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007726825,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009915409,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006391673,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988815,0.00001468537,0.0004431226,0.0000711606,0.0003984793,0.0001911066],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988843,0.00003445056,0.0004025891,0.0001198046,0.0003933492,0.0001654712],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002015102,0.00005928071,0.006653337,0.00002563243,0.00013596,0.00000434619,0.006910814,0.0009112182,0.01770085,0.0008766887,0.006674807,0.9598455],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001705686,0.0003138094,0.08580218,0.00007950963,0.00006766609,0.0003398809,0.001010256,0.03899509,0.01638842,0.002474993,0.8523499,0.0004726595],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9353797,0.00002681571,0.03886577,0.006746424,0.002126579,0.0003762243,0.00006548611,0.00003620789,0.0163768],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9910297,0.00001607268,0.006237214,0.002313237,0.0003192989,0.000001902004,0.00004405724,0.000006411396,0.00003208961],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9593729,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9966776,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2078528388","doi":"10.3390/ijgi3020713","title":"Canadian Forest Fires and the Effects of Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution on Hospitalizations among the Elderly","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","topic":"Air Quality and Health Impacts","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":77,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","keywords":"Smoke; Particulates; Air pollution; Environmental science; Plume; Air quality index; Environmental health; Population; Aerodynamic diameter; Confidence interval; Pollution; Medicine; Geography; Meteorology; Aerosol","authors":[{"name":"George Le","is_ca":false},{"name":"Patrick N. Breysse","is_ca":false},{"name":"Aidan McDermott","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sorina Eftim","is_ca":false},{"name":"Alison S. Geyh","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jesse D. Berman","is_ca":false},{"name":"Frank C. Curriero","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.003654723295001517,"gpt":0.2281930949895728,"spread":0.2245383716945713,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007744561,0.00007764719,0.0001037789,0.0001074175,0.0002419495,0.00007127692,0.0002827522,0.00005205125,0.0000501197],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004364497,0.00004615171,0.00006208964,0.00008945543,0.0002572011,0.001387995,0.00001962235,0.0001528315,0.00001825875],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002131894,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006252887,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01839901,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01672202,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988132,0.0001040565,0.0004109848,0.00003829636,0.0005022623,0.0001312392],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999085,0.0002281964,0.0004073658,0.00008987796,0.00008148773,0.0001080922],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001114963,0.000152226,0.3302395,0.0002514558,0.0003031561,0.000009184489,0.04265034,0.03966653,0.00001122144,0.07659658,0.03347188,0.4755329],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012379,0.0003548387,0.9772603,0.0001143088,0.0000242544,0.00002504302,0.0002060206,0.003628844,0.00004775843,0.002489486,0.01454408,0.00006718157],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9452131,0.00004636725,0.01613985,0.0332643,0.0007913482,0.0003385666,0.00002175604,0.000006584414,0.004178097],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.994679,0.00008011769,0.00005445741,0.005070199,0.00007476799,0.00000416822,0.00001000172,0.000002902129,0.00002438286],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6470208,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9881375,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3041053309","doi":"10.3390/ijgi9090502","title":"Tools for BIM-GIS Integration (IFC Georeferencing and Conversions): Results from the GeoBIM Benchmark 2019","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","topic":"3D Modeling in Geospatial Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":75,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"H2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions; H2020 European Research Council","keywords":"CityGML; Benchmark (surveying); Georeference; Interoperability; Computer science; Context (archaeology); Building information modeling; Data integration; 3D city models; Systems engineering; Data conversion; Database; Software engineering; Data mining; Data science; Visualization; Engineering; World Wide Web; Geography; Cartography","authors":[{"name":"Francesca Noardo","is_ca":false},{"name":"Lars Harrie","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ken Arroyo Ohori","is_ca":false},{"name":"Filip Biljecki","is_ca":false},{"name":"Claire Ellul","is_ca":false},{"name":"Helen Eriksson","is_ca":false},{"name":"Doğuş Güler","is_ca":false},{"name":"Dean Hintz","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mojgan Jadidi","is_ca":true},{"name":"María Carmen Borrego Plá","is_ca":false},{"name":"Santi Sanchez","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ville-Pekka Soini","is_ca":false},{"name":"Rudi Stouffs","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jernej Tekavec","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jantien Stoter","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01735441755826316,"gpt":0.2249346726860041,"spread":0.2075802551277409,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003152808,0.000130459,0.0001420708,0.0001022001,0.0001002617,0.0003024764,0.0003926697,0.00008256837,0.0000302577],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007935336,0.0001024962,0.0000851495,0.00009010888,0.00002883886,0.002456012,0.00005081615,0.0002440985,0.00003569012],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001082011,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005626025,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001183022,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001343353,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986294,0.00001672178,0.0007859127,0.00007407117,0.0003752123,0.0001187204],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981821,0.0005071049,0.0003723901,0.0001130479,0.0007415759,0.00008382096],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001232751,0.00004296753,0.0004730024,0.00005925057,0.0007714289,0.000002633592,0.02240641,0.3071897,0.004216384,0.01348376,0.1216969,0.5284249],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00273518,0.0001453786,0.005025764,0.0001824963,0.00009533253,0.0000213376,0.002237876,0.8759649,0.003785801,0.002804098,0.1067102,0.0002916755],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1333478,0.0001056301,0.8528734,0.01036287,0.001215324,0.0003782336,0.0009901997,0.00006581778,0.0006606813],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.983516,0.0002880234,0.01353092,0.001199283,0.0005071239,0.00001438026,0.0009295581,0.00000985096,0.00000480112],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8501683,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4179674,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2616379711","doi":"10.3390/ijgi6050154","title":"The Standardization and Harmonization of Land Cover Classification Systems towards Harmonized Datasets: A Review","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","topic":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":73,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions; Government of Jiangsu Province; Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Land cover; Standardization; Harmonization; Interoperability; Cover (algebra); Comparability; Computer science; Land use; Engineering; Civil engineering; Mathematics","authors":[{"name":"Hui Yang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Songnian Li","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jun Chen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Xiaolu Zhang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Shishuo Xu","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0410797697920819,"gpt":0.3336335143644965,"spread":0.2925537445724146,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001596147,0.0002045896,0.0006759729,0.0001270246,0.0002079149,0.0004765861,0.0008271093,0.000131871,0.00008326307],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003378498,0.0001219724,0.000166678,0.0001122638,0.00004251313,0.003170997,0.0001667761,0.0001807197,0.00009008728],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002752447,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001342286,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001130817,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001304292,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9970605,0.0001505237,0.001585903,0.0001013152,0.0009781001,0.0001235966],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9945067,0.00009678115,0.004680968,0.0003011577,0.0003473178,0.00006707066],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004632858,0.00001631047,0.0001918434,0.00603855,0.0002648185,0.00000211369,0.00008666817,0.0001750182,3.956796e-7,0.00007541665,0.008663791,0.9844387],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003438765,0.00003311127,0.0001695344,0.01267493,0.0003405376,0.0001225398,0.00001816361,0.001182517,0.000001462212,0.00001688711,0.9849718,0.0001246562],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.00003221174,0.9920913,0.003591881,0.0003552729,0.001489657,0.0007007306,0.0009768428,0.000008685157,0.0007534045],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0008994464,0.9976475,0.00007188934,0.00006583579,0.0001264915,0.00001831393,0.00114378,0.000008992374,0.00001770233],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9843141,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.497389,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1999515312","doi":"10.3390/ijgi4010320","title":"Categorization and Conversions for Indexing Methods of Discrete Global Grid Systems","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","topic":"Distributed and Parallel Computing Systems","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":67,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Search engine indexing; Computer science; Categorization; Grid; Interoperability; Index (typography); Data mining; Information retrieval; Database index; Artificial intelligence; Mathematics; World Wide Web","authors":[{"name":"Ali Amiri","is_ca":true},{"name":"Faramarz Samavati","is_ca":true},{"name":"Perry Peterson","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02109784320107986,"gpt":0.3373001400838812,"spread":0.3162022968828013,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001243144,0.00008489741,0.0001730388,0.0001710182,0.00004753764,0.0002708011,0.0005439331,0.00005688205,6.628032e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003193685,0.00007314194,0.00006679448,0.000148413,0.00002346233,0.002763518,0.0001024474,0.00006823849,0.000002722139],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001370387,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001781867,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000713855,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.862855e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985823,0.00008235182,0.0006974743,0.00005929731,0.0004745116,0.0001040611],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9969821,0.0001078899,0.0009886395,0.00009673628,0.001726059,0.0000986058],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004715574,0.00009905615,0.01132172,0.0003121014,0.000743699,0.000008608313,0.01296436,0.1826573,0.0001992625,0.673046,0.01997676,0.09819956],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003152811,0.0004100316,0.002485871,0.0003002176,0.00004119318,0.0005498155,0.001782695,0.890192,0.0003649544,0.006110002,0.09435215,0.0002582061],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.004252177,0.00009891599,0.9893107,0.00046029,0.005018539,0.0001313333,0.00006634547,0.00001670594,0.0006450134],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9571057,0.00001126961,0.04251743,0.00007177656,0.0002207637,0.000002480172,0.00005803201,0.000001928463,0.0000106031],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9528536,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2982642,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2768550880","doi":"10.3390/ijgi6120382","title":"Recent Advances of Structures Monitoring and Evaluation Using GPS-Time Series Monitoring Systems: A Review","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","topic":"Structural Health Monitoring Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":61,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport; Incheon National University","keywords":"Global Positioning System; Computer science; Structural health monitoring; Real-time computing; Identification (biology); Series (stratigraphy); Precise Point Positioning; Engineering; Telecommunications; GNSS applications; Geology","authors":[{"name":"Mosbeh R. Kaloop","is_ca":false},{"name":"Emad Elbeltagi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jong Wan Hu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ahmed El Refai","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07774305318176833,"gpt":0.4278076627871042,"spread":0.3500646096053359,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001140209,0.0003690412,0.001205922,0.0006362809,0.0001074755,0.0002297632,0.0006798367,0.0002216027,0.0000121696],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005230145,0.0003158922,0.0002007027,0.0001217745,0.00004644333,0.004762449,0.00009542475,0.0004691704,0.000003327107],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000927795,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002506308,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001340902,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.108197e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9962512,0.0001149789,0.002105875,0.0001018094,0.001223647,0.000202474],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9946448,0.0001010443,0.003041753,0.0002747516,0.001844576,0.00009303902],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001083419,0.000001709762,0.00002188826,0.02064433,0.0001985642,0.000001951952,0.00008401439,0.0007946162,0.000002334292,0.0000143087,0.00007755317,0.9781479],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002210452,0.00005733303,0.0001445777,0.1340605,0.0005940686,0.0006740449,0.00006224289,0.0006595418,0.0001120744,0.0001173777,0.8629778,0.0003193319],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0004383244,0.989727,0.0001972814,0.00001566666,0.008708422,0.0006852594,0.00006788832,0.00005763605,0.0001024974],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0005129024,0.9943293,0.003839326,0.000002077842,0.001220444,0.00002795569,0.00003811861,0.00002715966,0.000002672401],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9778286,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999293,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1991837421","doi":"10.3390/ijgi3041278","title":"A Systems Perspective on Volunteered Geographic Information","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","topic":"Geographic Information Systems Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":57,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Volunteered geographic information; Crowdsourcing; Perspective (graphical); Relevance (law); Computer science; Data science; Product (mathematics); World Wide Web; Artificial intelligence; Political science","authors":[{"name":"Victoria Fast","is_ca":true},{"name":"Claus Rinner","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007037980466628988,"gpt":0.2815427104239205,"spread":0.2745047299572915,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002681574,0.0001959952,0.0002985369,0.001796375,0.0005145645,0.0008418651,0.0007252072,0.0001641744,0.00006601651],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001696942,0.000176457,0.0002255223,0.0004384614,0.0001719202,0.01183975,0.00005922718,0.0003272186,0.0005715832],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005924331,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001951568,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003075814,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000857785,"domain_scores_codex":[0.995705,0.0001823567,0.001439132,0.00006610989,0.002297194,0.0003101743],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9905013,0.0002137297,0.001999885,0.0001642569,0.006970706,0.0001500595],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003689385,0.00006437966,0.005632619,0.00005103873,0.0005473865,0.000001884862,0.08904067,0.004904581,0.00000367848,0.8658155,0.01363936,0.01992993],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00179523,0.0002740164,0.01220074,0.0002352995,0.00003920914,0.00005377458,0.09346034,0.002240168,0.00001185987,0.002549438,0.8868373,0.0003026467],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1251604,0.0002637809,0.09983501,0.02145008,0.0348199,0.002103752,0.0002762152,0.0004248276,0.7156661],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976043,0.0001565401,0.0002066038,0.001179461,0.0006884434,0.00001971147,0.00004705683,0.000005044298,0.00009291064],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8731979,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8583531,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2909347229","doi":"10.3390/ijgi8010051","title":"The Spatial and Social Patterning of Property and Violent Crime in Toronto Neighbourhoods: A Spatial-Quantitative Approach","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","topic":"Crime Patterns and Interventions","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":55,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Montreal Police Service; Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Property crime; Geography; Neighbourhood (mathematics); Socioeconomic status; Ordinary least squares; Criminology; Census; Population; Demography; Socioeconomics; Cartography; Violent crime; Sociology; Econometrics; Mathematics","authors":[{"name":"Lu Wang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Gabby Lee","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ian N. Williams","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01699125693455344,"gpt":0.3268071623266504,"spread":0.3098159053920969,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009074609,0.00007695192,0.0001468031,0.0001033522,0.0001516673,0.0001983138,0.0002237756,0.00005223255,0.0001832079],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001271107,0.00005050201,0.00007678341,0.00003518697,0.0001051599,0.001825899,0.00006825349,0.0001349676,0.000005046125],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002004133,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007913555,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02199492,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002905236,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986112,0.0001164796,0.0005819325,0.00005625774,0.0005096417,0.0001244556],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987492,0.0000852755,0.0006001425,0.00004290395,0.0004877446,0.00003472417],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009642586,0.0002955978,0.1479912,0.0001482663,0.0003920754,0.000003091825,0.1797014,0.0000882875,0.0004512528,0.05230282,0.001034907,0.6166269],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004147221,0.0008481374,0.7512067,0.0006509896,0.00006803557,0.00003946826,0.1808764,0.01330236,0.0003275062,0.001502831,0.04661901,0.0004113315],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9503011,0.0002704449,0.02485259,0.002670785,0.001314773,0.0004233963,0.00004287121,0.000008290113,0.0201158],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992535,0.0002074547,0.0002288672,0.0001054096,0.0001215526,0.00000392586,0.000008837267,0.000003066818,0.00006744861],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6162155,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9845177,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2769088119","doi":"10.3390/ijgi6120387","title":"Machine Learning Techniques for Modelling Short Term Land-Use Change","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","topic":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":54,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ministarstvo Prosvete, Nauke i Tehnološkog Razvoja; Compute Canada","keywords":"Support vector machine; Geospatial analysis; Ranking (information retrieval); Term (time); Machine learning; Computer science; Representation (politics); Artificial neural network; Artificial intelligence; Data mining; Geography; Cartography","authors":[{"name":"Mileva Samardžić‐Petrović","is_ca":false},{"name":"Miloš Kovačević","is_ca":false},{"name":"Branislav Bajat","is_ca":false},{"name":"Suzana Dragićević","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02955549204331127,"gpt":0.2743111776975799,"spread":0.2447556856542686,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003891675,0.00008263231,0.0001096634,0.00008503688,0.0002325732,0.0004072093,0.0004868929,0.00005179571,0.00009652389],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004465473,0.00006318654,0.00008139802,0.00001530716,0.00001015009,0.007492126,0.0001058353,0.0001111945,0.00004453118],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009428152,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006419023,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000490706,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009286954,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991043,0.000009912323,0.0003644519,0.00004834835,0.000359365,0.0001136733],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991922,0.00002515121,0.000519273,0.0001022557,0.0001114914,0.00004965271],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003617441,0.00005140459,0.8118331,0.00004952278,0.0001262189,0.000009397432,0.001862536,0.01415459,0.0001759016,0.0001604009,0.0004161933,0.170799],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001480363,0.0003477964,0.09272786,0.0004203221,0.00007183029,0.0002110697,0.0001264297,0.5444779,0.00438684,0.0008934248,0.3544025,0.0004536661],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8978286,0.00003398394,0.09594791,0.001353935,0.001329798,0.000372517,0.00007675165,0.00004433085,0.003012134],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9959989,0.0002015374,0.003219316,0.0002156328,0.0002789377,0.00001112964,0.00004634133,0.00000484047,0.00002331645],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7191052,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.543161,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3210212448","doi":"10.3390/ijgi10110735","title":"Point-of-Interest (POI) Data Validation Methods: An Urban Case Study","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","topic":"Geographic Information Systems Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":51,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Usability; Point of interest; Data mining; Thematic map; Data quality; Workflow; Data validation; Transparency (behavior); Completeness (order theory); Consistency (knowledge bases); Database; Artificial intelligence; Cartography; Geography","authors":[{"name":"Lih Wei Yeow","is_ca":true},{"name":"Raymond Low","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yu Xiang Tan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Lynette Cheah","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1568334019250564,"gpt":0.4566178357614887,"spread":0.2997844338364324,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005390129,0.0001432328,0.0003001652,0.0006449386,0.0003250026,0.0004495381,0.001004939,0.00009168283,0.0001807032],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002030732,0.0001363155,0.0001220824,0.0004326736,0.0001107025,0.01351471,0.0002786627,0.0002298038,0.00003119824],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001607642,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003967705,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001598574,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009730137,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9963282,0.0005797722,0.001698404,0.0001088698,0.001091462,0.0001933098],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9923994,0.000269366,0.001920077,0.0004047291,0.004880258,0.0001261512],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003899765,0.001202149,0.06972672,0.0001303012,0.002562579,0.0008896629,0.6128517,0.0006623924,0.0001758954,0.052506,0.01041873,0.2484839],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002539234,0.000364321,0.003866589,0.0002077206,0.0001929993,0.002707002,0.8653281,0.00121101,0.0007188804,0.001696641,0.1207844,0.0003830541],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8906264,0.000159301,0.08767971,0.002443777,0.007743819,0.0006593829,0.0002057973,0.00006516025,0.01041669],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9905425,0.00008236945,0.008523097,0.0002013164,0.0004234412,0.000005170544,0.0001518135,0.000005673204,0.00006458189],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2524764,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.979784,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3178743083","doi":"10.3390/ijgi10070471","title":"Panoramic Street-Level Imagery in Data-Driven Urban Research: A Comprehensive Global Review of Applications, Techniques, and Practical Considerations","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","topic":"Impact of Light on Environment and Health","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":50,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University; Okanagan University College; University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus; University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Panorama; Pedestrian; Computer science; Scale (ratio); Data science; Geography; Cartography; Transport engineering; Artificial intelligence; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"Jonathan Cinnamon","is_ca":true},{"name":"Lindi Jahiu","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1103037261864708,"gpt":0.4161843416295197,"spread":0.3058806154430488,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001018077,0.00008777108,0.0001934611,0.0001210215,0.000070382,0.00006554275,0.0002007803,0.00005722285,0.0003932277],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004808769,0.00008240129,0.00003670185,0.0001951268,0.0001735902,0.002795519,0.0003415417,0.0002848881,0.00004281335],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004567239,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002459559,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001038497,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006750764,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978265,0.000158661,0.0008242213,0.0001024487,0.0009204494,0.0001677015],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986342,0.0002044558,0.0005345807,0.0002328294,0.0002927365,0.0001012345],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005096174,0.002048833,0.486804,0.002322927,0.0004507514,0.0007337433,0.002240925,0.0002708867,0.002181901,0.03726582,0.2988853,0.1662853],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002152622,0.0002634634,0.4017221,0.002571875,0.00008043982,0.003077827,0.00181761,0.0009582373,0.001213633,0.004617794,0.5811141,0.0004102659],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5878814,0.02135727,0.07208832,0.2375437,0.001880978,0.007533235,0.005691959,0.0001472137,0.0658759],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9150429,0.02301661,0.05703818,0.004052713,0.000173178,0.00002287791,0.0006171757,0.000008482331,0.0000278877],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3271615,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4305568,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2955059592","doi":"10.3390/ijgi8070296","title":"Application of Remote Sensing to the Investigation of Rock Slopes: Experience Gained and Lessons Learned","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","topic":"Landslides and related hazards","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":49,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"BGC Engineering (Canada); Simon Fraser University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Parks Canada","keywords":"Rockfall; Geotechnics; Geology; Slope stability; Landslide; Terrain; Lithology; Discontinuity (linguistics); Remote sensing; Field (mathematics); Rock mass classification; Geotechnical engineering; Mining engineering; Petrology; Cartography; Geography","authors":[{"name":"Doug Stead","is_ca":true},{"name":"Davide Donati","is_ca":true},{"name":"Andrea Wolter","is_ca":false},{"name":"Matthieu Sturzenegger","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009223165259865914,"gpt":0.2586855744281412,"spread":0.2494624091682753,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003716541,0.00006135354,0.0001016808,0.00009193877,0.00003823208,0.00003124655,0.0002164149,0.00004595541,0.00005062718],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008841373,0.00004115782,0.0000406861,0.0001351495,0.00003771883,0.0009354365,0.00008306837,0.0000973441,0.00004908242],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007172811,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001969726,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001659155,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007136938,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988936,0.00002356746,0.0004740796,0.00005133815,0.0004885764,0.0000688287],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990309,0.00003836089,0.0006201441,0.00009910748,0.000167074,0.00004440539],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003898842,0.0000150872,0.0151202,0.00003122794,0.00008545654,9.135763e-7,0.0240254,0.1109244,0.04033471,0.0007091102,0.0007114493,0.8076522],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003129603,0.000594345,0.2021781,0.0006021421,0.00008559978,0.0003158167,0.008667301,0.5903088,0.06936724,0.004807339,0.119468,0.0004756679],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8584931,0.00001049685,0.1368876,0.003383555,0.0002600263,0.0001486987,0.000005902821,0.000003945987,0.0008066953],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9952283,0.00005600293,0.004329871,0.0003129118,0.00002767851,2.935297e-7,0.00000738626,0.000002525306,0.0000350218],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8071765,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1678367,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2789922724","doi":"10.3390/ijgi7040131","title":"The Role of Social Factors in the Accessibility of Urban Areas for People with Motor Disabilities","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","topic":"Urban Transport and Accessibility","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":48,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation; Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Secretário de Ciência, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior, Governo do Estado de Parana","keywords":"Pedestrian; Disabled people; Dimension (graph theory); Work (physics); Computer science; Business; Transport engineering; Psychology; Applied psychology; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"Amin Gharebaghi","is_ca":true},{"name":"Mir Abolfazl Mostafavi","is_ca":true},{"name":"Seyed Hossein Chavoshi","is_ca":true},{"name":"Geoffrey Edwards","is_ca":true},{"name":"Patrick Fougeyrollas","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01071592510673645,"gpt":0.2974109714379857,"spread":0.2866950463312492,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001474229,0.00007094091,0.000152951,0.00008603986,0.0002540947,0.0001111078,0.0007604974,0.00005101308,0.0000493707],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000548443,0.00003808372,0.0001270609,0.0001521183,0.0004791036,0.002063797,0.00001651753,0.0001023821,6.537159e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001030807,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002345562,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009108194,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002770956,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983045,0.00007894779,0.0006686279,0.00004569825,0.0007753831,0.0001268767],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9973319,0.0004419144,0.0008131794,0.0000879553,0.001300265,0.0000248084],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006375298,0.00007880425,0.8741228,0.00001724479,0.0000471388,4.189669e-8,0.1115812,0.000003929624,0.00002682874,0.009532127,0.0001641356,0.003788257],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004773252,0.0001519099,0.9065869,0.00002735632,0.00001995257,4.143087e-7,0.07546388,0.00007200014,0.0008775046,0.008159712,0.00810402,0.00005906341],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9952879,0.00002013346,0.0007479446,0.0008545811,0.0003369609,0.0002484183,0.00007601121,0.000003671978,0.00242436],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995857,0.00000615587,0.00007869125,0.0000337141,0.0002565105,0.000006648165,0.00001241166,0.000001984034,0.00001817563],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03611728,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1954317,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3004091940","doi":"10.3390/ijgi9020088","title":"A Survey on Big Data for Trajectory Analytics","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","topic":"Data Management and Algorithms","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":48,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Trajectory; Big data; Computer science; Data warehouse; Data science; Field (mathematics); Global Positioning System; Online analytical processing; Analytics; Data management; Urban computing; Volume (thermodynamics); Data analysis; Data mining; Search engine indexing; Information retrieval; Human–computer interaction; Telecommunications","authors":[{"name":"Damião Ribeiro de Almeida","is_ca":false},{"name":"Cláudio de Souza Baptista","is_ca":false},{"name":"Fabio Gomes de Andrade","is_ca":false},{"name":"Amílcar Soares","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1056470972400214,"gpt":0.3069206289142962,"spread":0.2012735316742748,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008362359,0.00009004508,0.0001249684,0.0002580902,0.00004488908,0.0005108054,0.002784358,0.00002875635,0.00000880585],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006271527,0.00007855933,0.00006449418,0.0001874633,0.00001335229,0.006048036,0.000334411,0.0001207815,0.00005835187],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004769621,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009297686,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001530774,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005555878,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985771,0.00003020747,0.0005215454,0.00009444408,0.0006644134,0.0001122714],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998393,0.0001317676,0.0005139102,0.0002855881,0.0005930904,0.00008265595],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002041911,0.00005982746,0.0004974573,0.00002111517,0.0002675905,0.000009221391,0.0005589403,0.002010672,0.00001119161,0.006228014,0.1998022,0.7903296],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001595761,0.0003549846,0.01455631,0.00004031794,0.00002185121,0.00001015372,0.00007958317,0.5596665,0.000118195,0.0004122125,0.4229576,0.0001865192],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.0006578172,0.00001291251,0.9899956,0.005756428,0.00239951,0.0001024095,0.0005373804,0.00002149548,0.0005164665],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9011325,0.0001942947,0.07119542,0.02066226,0.002921378,0.00000539796,0.003752809,0.00001632844,0.0001195615],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9188002,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5174076,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2623307522","doi":"10.3390/ijgi6060168","title":"Pan-Sharpening of Landsat-8 Images and Its Application in Calculating Vegetation Greenness and Canopy Water Contents","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","topic":"Advanced Image Fusion Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":47,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; U.S. Geological Survey; Alberta Innovates; Alberta Innovates - Technology Futures","keywords":"Panchromatic film; Normalized Difference Vegetation Index; Image resolution; Remote sensing; Vegetation (pathology); Multispectral image; Sharpening; Environmental science; Enhanced vegetation index; Canopy; Thematic Mapper; Leaf area index; Vegetation Index; Satellite imagery; Geography; Physics; Optics; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"Khan Rubayet Rahaman","is_ca":true},{"name":"Quazi K. Hassan","is_ca":true},{"name":"M. Razu Ahmed","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006483482852973365,"gpt":0.257612838876635,"spread":0.2511293560236617,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002382791,0.00008338592,0.0001368497,0.0002528959,0.00005442499,0.00009394292,0.0001709584,0.00004657579,0.000003143461],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001370556,0.00007116286,0.00002281472,0.00002017698,0.00002410573,0.003571932,0.00005766016,0.0001212918,0.00000203301],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005674387,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006592404,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005257741,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001467508,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991345,0.000009550906,0.000497185,0.00004211893,0.0002304771,0.00008620751],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999078,0.00002534751,0.0003828335,0.00007144251,0.0004133558,0.00002904342],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001936104,0.00002800395,0.05974323,0.0003773815,0.0001300601,0.00001374248,0.004674953,0.006147506,0.3404734,0.0008225597,0.00006992482,0.5873256],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002473447,0.00007249822,0.2666315,0.0006846271,0.00002505065,0.0001519066,0.0004014352,0.1784224,0.5487158,0.001339205,0.000801141,0.0002809476],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9047386,0.0001098675,0.09422716,0.0001594962,0.0002261555,0.0001443287,0.00001355454,0.00002180862,0.0003590135],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9968308,0.0001759103,0.002893529,0.00002391225,0.00004014944,0.000006279888,0.00001959045,0.000005904134,0.000003962366],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5870447,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2901937,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2981664452","doi":"10.3390/ijgi8110474","title":"GEOBIA Achievements and Spatial Opportunities in the Era of Big Earth Observation Data","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","topic":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","field":"Engineering","cited_by":46,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Österreichische Forschungsförderungsgesellschaft; Austrian Science Fund; European Commission","keywords":"Big data; Context (archaeology); Computer science; Data science; Geographic information system; Analytics; Spatial analysis; Earth observation; Spatial contextual awareness; Object (grammar); Inference; Data mining; Remote sensing; Cartography; Geography; Artificial intelligence; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"Stefan Lang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Geoffrey J. Hay","is_ca":true},{"name":"Andrea Baraldi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Dirk Tiede","is_ca":false},{"name":"Thomas Blaschke","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05059172061919632,"gpt":0.2540544179514229,"spread":0.2034626973322265,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006273629,0.00008098112,0.0001131861,0.0002244776,0.000017398,0.0001166824,0.000421399,0.00004449374,0.00001494472],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001144245,0.00006661382,0.00002511608,0.00007742629,0.00002463042,0.002751505,0.00004917137,0.0002038755,0.00001192656],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004712056,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004742305,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009909224,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000316874,"domain_scores_codex":[0.99871,0.00003353541,0.0006211202,0.00004191291,0.0005141706,0.00007921816],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999,0.0000687584,0.0003698914,0.0001982144,0.0003421892,0.00002096911],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001756545,0.00005582566,0.01804128,0.0001371594,0.000183673,0.000007322174,0.004614932,0.0167194,0.005339363,0.00102265,0.001852385,0.9518504],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001792368,0.0001158894,0.5223064,0.0003494799,0.00003141659,0.0001187673,0.002057321,0.4330948,0.001818721,0.0003250591,0.03778843,0.0002012973],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.966063,0.00003907819,0.02981153,0.001205261,0.001374672,0.0001614108,0.00005699998,0.0000127648,0.001275283],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978949,0.0002220192,0.001332498,0.0001980628,0.0001018828,5.273999e-7,0.0002307478,0.000005094593,0.00001429409],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9516491,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2716433,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3031053999","doi":"10.3390/ijgi9060342","title":"Ambient Population and Larceny-Theft: A Spatial Analysis Using Mobile Phone Data","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","topic":"Human Mobility and Location-Based Analysis","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":46,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation; National Office for Philosophy and Social Sciences; Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China; Major Program of National Fund of Philosophy and Social Science of China; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Population; Mobile phone; Phone; Geography; Crime prevention; Population size; Demography; Econometrics; Criminology; Computer science; Psychology; Mathematics; Sociology; Telecommunications","authors":[{"name":"Li He","is_ca":false},{"name":"Antonio Páez","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jianmin Jiao","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ping An","is_ca":false},{"name":"Chuntian Lu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mao Wen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Dongping Long","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03163962255468893,"gpt":0.3370322963281156,"spread":0.3053926737734267,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001097329,0.00009165962,0.0002127401,0.0004395309,0.0002631781,0.0003270561,0.0005483354,0.00006902003,0.0004293086],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005795754,0.00008981268,0.0001268205,0.0005022539,0.00007929174,0.003281337,0.0001022073,0.0001552457,0.00002149153],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001871605,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001678,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009745852,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001977013,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979286,0.0001399494,0.00070963,0.0001082968,0.0009839401,0.0001295792],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981195,0.00007864754,0.0007444727,0.0001484919,0.0007549186,0.0001539483],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00084465,0.0003246323,0.1656401,0.00008565116,0.004540548,0.0000192822,0.1259914,0.1877697,0.0004124999,0.003461272,0.001722039,0.5091882],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001600911,0.0001414721,0.06609287,0.00006851757,0.00140878,0.00001097838,0.01615018,0.8558254,0.0001370596,0.000629532,0.05752346,0.000410826],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7216622,0.00007362128,0.2737035,0.003452015,0.000437797,0.0001825313,0.0001458233,0.00002512277,0.0003174215],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974698,0.00009626145,0.0009179813,0.0006772073,0.0004455302,0.000001545977,0.0003808194,0.000003036206,0.000007859845],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6680557,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9968483,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2182254212","doi":"10.3390/ijgi4042704","title":"Collaborative Strategies for Sustainable EU Flood Risk Management: FOSS and Geospatial Tools—Challenges and Opportunities for Operative Risk Analysis","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","topic":"Flood Risk Assessment and Management","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Flood myth; Geospatial analysis; Risk management; Context (archaeology); Directive; Business; Risk governance; Environmental resource management; Natural hazard; Risk analysis (engineering); Flood risk assessment; Flood risk management; Environmental planning; Geography; Computer science; Finance; Environmental science","authors":[{"name":"Raffaele Albano","is_ca":false},{"name":"Leonardo Mancusi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Aurelia Sole","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jan Adamowski","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02051336177526284,"gpt":0.2805542872488325,"spread":0.2600409254735697,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001044633,0.0001455711,0.0002085394,0.0003046543,0.0001773492,0.0005519578,0.0002140001,0.00004585522,0.00002341967],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001128619,0.0001231969,0.00007596294,0.0001047494,0.00008069027,0.006610378,0.0001678352,0.00008214705,0.000002160918],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001854406,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004856638,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002201561,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002449311,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998728,0.00006105461,0.0004570697,0.0001076233,0.0004697375,0.0001765413],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984902,0.00009724355,0.0006696383,0.00007650584,0.0005656503,0.0001007507],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001831053,0.0001906368,0.003496588,0.0001550373,0.005839716,0.00002714727,0.03834433,0.07051024,0.000003073403,0.2311131,0.01208805,0.6364011],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.009175797,0.001834638,0.04201641,0.00005485194,0.002472787,0.00001624102,0.4948795,0.06987322,0.00009651506,0.04545254,0.3334961,0.0006314449],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3346191,0.001337903,0.6065484,0.004080012,0.0008885148,0.002603826,0.0006925785,0.0000457967,0.04918388],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9714646,0.008184157,0.01946184,0.0002129077,0.0001003174,0.00009829931,0.0001141152,0.000007849585,0.0003558968],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6368455,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5322542,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2991218891","doi":"10.3390/ijgi8120548","title":"Surface Reconstruction for Three-Dimensional Rockfall Volumetric Analysis","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","topic":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Rockfall; Point cloud; Computer science; Photogrammetry; Volume (thermodynamics); Surface reconstruction; Interpolation (computer graphics); Geology; Digital elevation model; Computer graphics (images); Surface (topology); Algorithm; Geometry; Computer vision; Remote sensing; Animation; Mathematics; Landslide; Geomorphology","authors":[{"name":"David Bonneau","is_ca":true},{"name":"Paul-Mark DiFrancesco","is_ca":true},{"name":"D. Jean Hutchinson","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00531162845435653,"gpt":0.2281918003466691,"spread":0.2228801718923126,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004581892,0.0001001155,0.0001696527,0.0003663932,0.00008135443,0.0001082997,0.0002937643,0.00007041157,0.0006893346],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009935543,0.00009070551,0.0002391085,0.0005226214,0.00003525978,0.00187723,0.00005060397,0.000130392,0.0006062107],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002817854,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003456949,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002036487,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005417323,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984957,0.0000180779,0.0005993575,0.00008946949,0.000665154,0.0001322147],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986619,0.00009432969,0.0006921755,0.0001369342,0.0003446789,0.00006997891],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002809066,0.0000726328,0.09883749,0.000008783923,0.0007822206,8.848942e-7,0.0003269195,0.5606601,0.001747566,0.0003285995,0.007361712,0.3295921],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001960256,0.0002123208,0.2256021,0.00004005528,0.0003515076,0.0002642451,0.000208435,0.676492,0.001470641,0.001900416,0.09113845,0.0003595801],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.845244,0.00001243758,0.1494602,0.0007738633,0.001196221,0.0002149543,0.00003191041,0.0000165253,0.003049874],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9820444,0.000007024857,0.01734453,0.0002311512,0.00008875741,9.141605e-7,0.00006871932,0.000004773599,0.0002097375],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3292325,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7791814,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2006488799","doi":"10.3390/ijgi4010001","title":"Measure of Landmark Semantic Salience through Geosocial Data Streams","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","topic":"Spatial Cognition and Navigation","field":"Engineering","cited_by":42,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Landmark; Salience (neuroscience); Computer science; Semantic similarity; Information retrieval; Artificial intelligence","authors":[{"name":"Teriitutea Quesnot","is_ca":true},{"name":"Stéphane Roche","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01241250688168402,"gpt":0.2508237643511547,"spread":0.2384112574694707,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004427119,0.0000860726,0.0001385644,0.0001434012,0.00003120643,0.00006460401,0.0004695047,0.00006223097,0.00007252196],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003145619,0.00008011713,0.00005546104,0.0001017372,0.00002592003,0.003198117,0.00004029731,0.0001469822,0.00004146002],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005637764,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003755685,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004787637,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001519504,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985946,0.00002700491,0.0005894108,0.00004064549,0.0006592205,0.0000891319],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986854,0.00006015887,0.0003759031,0.0001284528,0.0007136174,0.00003651433],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004434304,0.0001189247,0.004498799,0.0002329389,0.0006479674,0.00000912476,0.005657646,0.0302617,0.00251218,0.008478236,0.02149825,0.9256408],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01007589,0.0006326381,0.03801399,0.001835628,0.0003607964,0.0006397027,0.002353782,0.6591732,0.03146833,0.01226715,0.2419866,0.001192239],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2951773,0.00009900008,0.6841289,0.0007530925,0.004513983,0.0001733812,0.0002635988,0.00008507371,0.01480569],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977955,0.00007494983,0.001370542,0.0001683538,0.0003198061,8.697264e-7,0.0002608905,0.000005235625,0.000003803941],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9244485,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3267082,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3211735256","doi":"10.3390/ijgi10110773","title":"Predicting Spatiotemporal Demand of Dockless E-Scooter Sharing Services with a Masked Fully Convolutional Network","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","topic":"Smart Parking Systems Research","field":"Engineering","cited_by":41,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Convolutional neural network; Process (computing); Demand forecasting; Simulation; Real-time computing; Artificial intelligence; Operations research; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"Santi Phithakkitnukooon","is_ca":false},{"name":"Karn Patanukhom","is_ca":false},{"name":"Merkebe Getachew Demissie","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.005072780632099969,"gpt":0.2224429190208418,"spread":0.2173701383887418,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005944985,0.0001315998,0.0002248868,0.000270128,0.00005790559,0.0001926168,0.0003817166,0.00008146851,0.00008827924],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005336948,0.0001197367,0.00008513201,0.0002073868,0.0000358385,0.002161941,0.00008625345,0.0002690505,0.00001798024],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001858655,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001402318,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003481949,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003726858,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977446,0.00003423143,0.0008859722,0.00006815358,0.001061887,0.0002051961],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976116,0.00007623585,0.0004916904,0.0001238034,0.001620995,0.00007562625],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004020171,0.00003578366,0.349176,0.0005488779,0.001033769,0.00006437761,0.002042179,0.639608,0.0008209866,0.001006936,0.001159905,0.004101211],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005323696,0.0002479167,0.205662,0.004065813,0.0001098228,0.00212924,0.001934889,0.7381834,0.01182179,0.0006554632,0.02926322,0.0006027589],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9223188,0.0002076511,0.07398313,0.0001913779,0.001510475,0.0001221896,0.00005496042,0.00004323583,0.001568206],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9966625,0.00003374901,0.002544224,0.00005221146,0.000567566,0.000004743055,0.00009694859,0.00001195266,0.00002610164],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1435139,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4882721,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2026220531","doi":"10.3390/ijgi3020481","title":"Web GIS-Based Public Health Surveillance Systems: A Systematic Review","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","topic":"Data-Driven Disease Surveillance","field":"Medicine","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Wuhan University","keywords":"Metadata; Public health; World Wide Web; Geographic information system; GIS and public health; Web standards; Disease surveillance; Social media; Citizen journalism; Web application; Computer science; Volunteered geographic information; Web mapping; Public participation GIS; Data science; The Internet; Geography; Medicine; Cartography","authors":[{"name":"Hui Luan","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jane Law","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03285923038692668,"gpt":0.3585451237153916,"spread":0.3256858933284649,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.006257059,0.0005857549,0.005041491,0.001394634,0.00008115378,0.0003866122,0.001254093,0.0002297828,0.0001032554],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004903574,0.0004296321,0.001337194,0.0005279011,0.00006593957,0.001664827,0.000102021,0.0007377688,0.0007247276],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001661854,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004465882,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001940142,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004242391,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9898573,0.001071739,0.005817899,0.000209653,0.002602454,0.0004410048],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9836972,0.0004939986,0.01078211,0.0007947835,0.003689416,0.0005424437],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002967989,0.00007504072,0.00002009027,0.8853849,0.001081725,0.00002920232,0.00002400524,0.00001121486,1.488742e-8,0.0001875325,0.0279828,0.08517387],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006459166,0.0001070487,0.00001004606,0.4040446,0.0004120806,0.001011415,0.00001292263,0.000332775,1.279196e-8,0.000001262393,0.59323,0.0001919444],"study_design_candidate":"systematic_review","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[7.463426e-7,0.984876,0.005493994,0.002208966,0.002814533,0.002736365,0.001206666,0.00008647119,0.0005763108],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0001811865,0.9912173,0.000275423,0.004035714,0.000560412,0.0001315722,0.003489681,0.00004213689,0.00006654591],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5652472,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998155,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2802405474","doi":"10.3390/ijgi7050171","title":"Coupling Traditional Monitoring and Citizen Science to Disentangle the Invasion of Halyomorpha halys","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","topic":"Hemiptera Insect Studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Provincia Autonoma di Trento","keywords":"Pentatomidae; Citizen science; PEST analysis; Invasive species; Phenology; Agriculture; Ecology; Range (aeronautics); Hemiptera; Environmental resource management; Geography; Biology; Environmental science; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"Robert Malek","is_ca":false},{"name":"Clara Tattoni","is_ca":false},{"name":"Marco Ciolli","is_ca":false},{"name":"Stefano Corradini","is_ca":false},{"name":"D. Andreis","is_ca":false},{"name":"Aya Ibrahim","is_ca":false},{"name":"Valerio Mazzoni","is_ca":false},{"name":"Anna Eriksson","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gianfranco Anfora","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0291061372104846,"gpt":0.2579943882321247,"spread":0.2288882510216401,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005694332,0.000065319,0.00009325614,0.0000717958,0.0002557971,0.0001359268,0.0003860482,0.00002181437,0.00005076145],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003068546,0.00002566116,0.00004504411,0.0002146079,0.000196639,0.001370061,0.0001075889,0.00007611176,0.00001159064],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009102163,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002988092,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004371757,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009764764,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987378,0.000008923435,0.0003848794,0.00005239826,0.000710714,0.0001053518],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983844,0.0001355539,0.0003120288,0.00002649915,0.001078302,0.00006320255],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006091268,0.0001331999,0.1316849,0.00002350402,0.0002354639,0.000008291067,0.01009797,0.0009239597,0.562161,0.00471169,0.003362268,0.2860487],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005433126,0.0007087318,0.8551024,0.0003083549,0.00002846419,0.0001880335,0.003095922,0.002077515,0.1257842,0.001370021,0.01058748,0.0002055987],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9958277,0.00002764971,0.0001697185,0.002529089,0.0008080955,0.00007074447,0.0000289904,0.000005438998,0.0005325901],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988694,0.00003609937,0.0003182483,0.0001799144,0.0005836385,0.000002018773,0.00000545216,3.210924e-7,0.000004874817],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7234175,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1967411,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3010317630","doi":"10.3390/ijgi9030146","title":"A Review of Geospatial Semantic Information Modeling and Elicitation Approaches","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","topic":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":39,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Geospatial analysis; Ontology; Semantics (computer science); Information retrieval; Metadata; Data science; Metadata modeling; Set (abstract data type); World Wide Web; Metadata repository; Geography","authors":[{"name":"Margarita Kokla","is_ca":false},{"name":"Éric Guilbert","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05491818470431312,"gpt":0.308831940206445,"spread":0.2539137555021319,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008676522,0.0002728016,0.001005704,0.0007142856,0.0000527505,0.0003157606,0.001192332,0.0001620549,0.000006331587],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008891521,0.0002163316,0.0003616894,0.0003056862,0.00003430303,0.008756576,0.0002580024,0.0003509071,0.00003440594],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001285205,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004393464,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002354714,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001492143,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9963474,0.0001078013,0.002367792,0.0001003141,0.0009271774,0.0001495654],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9951015,0.0001399203,0.003293135,0.0002023967,0.001181866,0.00008114521],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009099085,0.000009868978,0.000001471527,0.01698623,0.000167144,0.000001742964,0.0007947424,0.0001577636,6.011428e-8,0.003375096,0.0004471604,0.9780496],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004616346,0.0001333848,0.000007931994,0.05288865,0.0003262622,0.0005810959,0.000183983,0.127551,0.000003067207,0.0007211987,0.8168342,0.000307645],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.000004178449,0.5783477,0.4198146,0.0006078825,0.0007046807,0.0002644119,0.00002269249,0.00001958084,0.0002142081],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0003029505,0.9866205,0.01214764,0.0006428394,0.0001416789,0.00001089234,0.0001272101,0.000005238755,0.000001027691],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.977742,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8821744,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4290999446","doi":"10.3390/ijgi11080447","title":"Characterizing Production–Living–Ecological Space Evolution and Its Driving Factors: A Case Study of the Chaohu Lake Basin in China from 2000 to 2020","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","topic":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":38,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province","keywords":"Geography; Landscape ecology; Driving factors; China; Urbanization; Landscape planning; Dominance (genetics); Population; Spatial ecology; Environmental resource management; Structural basin; Ecology; Physical geography; Environmental science; Habitat; Geology","authors":[{"name":"Ruyi Zhang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Songnian Li","is_ca":true},{"name":"Baojing Wei","is_ca":false},{"name":"Xu Zhou","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006127717719037853,"gpt":0.2145697214389324,"spread":0.2084420037198946,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005134466,0.0000814436,0.0001287638,0.0001160595,0.0001591766,0.0000550138,0.0002693972,0.00002416692,0.0005793729],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001281921,0.00005755385,0.00003682736,0.0001988992,0.000005769313,0.001639837,0.0003340062,0.0001775618,0.000009112681],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003506255,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002163246,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001746572,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003720328,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987026,0.00010846,0.0004727029,0.00007393363,0.0005437072,0.0000985405],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992909,0.00004515396,0.0005005829,0.00007505891,0.00004508053,0.0000432118],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006176803,0.0002315307,0.9503431,0.000006669698,0.00003867171,0.00002882026,0.03180871,0.0156827,0.0006246091,0.00000548719,0.0001064091,0.001061516],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003028946,0.0001575764,0.9824944,0.00005524073,0.00001129109,0.0003610392,0.01309291,0.002491732,0.0001165278,0.0000236368,0.0008220071,0.00007075894],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9974831,0.000008264094,0.00003781613,0.001279444,0.000849755,0.0002506268,0.00003075553,0.000004736608,0.00005551937],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997774,0.000007097385,0.00002495318,0.00008748678,0.00007896195,0.000008965594,0.000005098384,0.00000260465,0.000007383437],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03215129,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6343727,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2396501417","doi":"10.3390/ijgi5060074","title":"Understanding Public Opinions from Geosocial Media","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","topic":"Geographic Information Systems Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Social media; Geospatial analysis; Relevance (law); Complement (music); Data science; Computer science; World Wide Web; Political science; Geography; Cartography","authors":[{"name":"Shanqi Zhang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Rob Feick","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.09757246944540082,"gpt":0.3142248842694515,"spread":0.2166524148240507,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001278974,0.0001080783,0.0001775719,0.000662947,0.000453803,0.0003766284,0.0005973587,0.0001154183,0.0004391951],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001662515,0.00008026304,0.0001656939,0.0002332453,0.0002055072,0.008768863,0.00007297935,0.0001299473,0.0002456032],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007286927,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003291812,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004976724,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004194348,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9970647,0.00009021301,0.0009371488,0.00005030494,0.001612401,0.0002452287],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9964193,0.0004566876,0.00114463,0.0000828156,0.001757408,0.0001391619],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001157677,0.00004145685,0.02538026,0.000006835231,0.0006349459,0.000004813302,0.08927771,0.00001497339,0.00002751711,0.8029764,0.03595787,0.04556147],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002413973,0.00004496794,0.02632602,0.0002333139,0.00003008187,0.00001876869,0.07238129,0.00002839539,0.00002980738,0.04883435,0.8493736,0.0002853922],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.06912003,0.0001573145,0.5377461,0.1720367,0.04299071,0.0006807824,0.001071932,0.0002583435,0.1759381],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975397,0.0002734596,0.0004192382,0.0004602346,0.001205801,0.000004429352,0.000044259,0.000003717459,0.00004917353],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9284196,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6357214,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3127233354","doi":"10.3390/ijgi10020063","title":"A GIS-Based System for Spatial-Temporal Availability Evaluation of the Open Spaces Used as Emergency Shelters: The Case of Victoria, British Columbia, Canada","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","topic":"Evacuation and Crowd Dynamics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; Government of Jiangsu Province","keywords":"TOPSIS; Environmental planning; Emergency management; Geography; Distribution (mathematics); Service (business); Population; Transport engineering; Space (punctuation); Computer science; Environmental resource management; Business; Operations research; Engineering; Political science; Environmental science; Sociology","authors":[{"name":"Yibing Yao","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yuyang Zhang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Taoyu Yao","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ka Po Wong","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jin Yeu Tsou","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yuanzhi Zhang","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01214869579154203,"gpt":0.2647917031478306,"spread":0.2526430073562886,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001450456,0.00008135906,0.0001858522,0.00004800604,0.00009243249,0.000259788,0.0004907386,0.0000545867,0.0002687851],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006254795,0.00008066318,0.000133571,0.0001562323,0.00002584624,0.0009225313,0.00005209987,0.0001162891,0.000001029151],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005666811,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00132138,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.3192896,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.8147924,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977922,0.0001197776,0.001033936,0.00005529802,0.0009042674,0.00009453127],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9952108,0.0001116726,0.000813231,0.0001858305,0.003636989,0.00004145356],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004816407,0.0003283886,0.09312952,0.001970252,0.00226271,0.0000951043,0.007202492,0.7353935,0.001538919,0.002183901,0.03495016,0.1204634],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004432546,0.0001068006,0.03138692,0.00058293,0.000309808,0.0007698504,0.00699638,0.9401583,0.00424221,0.000662457,0.0100666,0.0002851574],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9749608,0.00007028539,0.01821197,0.0005239068,0.004376785,0.0005938805,0.0004254431,0.000009317502,0.0008276372],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994131,0.000009498494,0.0002883593,0.0000587462,0.00008847385,0.00002099767,0.00008073316,0.000007162609,0.00003287901],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4955028,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6852433,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3135107705","doi":"10.3390/ijgi10030157","title":"Computational Geometry-Based Surface Reconstruction for Volume Estimation: A Case Study on Magnitude-Frequency Relations for a LiDAR-Derived Rockfall Inventory","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","topic":"Landslides and related hazards","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Rockfall; Point cloud; Magnitude (astronomy); Photogrammetry; Geology; Lidar; Power law; Geometry; Remote sensing; Computer science; Mathematics; Seismology; Landslide; Statistics; Physics; Computer vision","authors":[{"name":"Paul-Mark DiFrancesco","is_ca":true},{"name":"David Bonneau","is_ca":true},{"name":"D. Jean Hutchinson","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01103748695270599,"gpt":0.2637248796925687,"spread":0.2526873927398627,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005690766,0.0001620081,0.0001937926,0.0002256141,0.000284781,0.0002064841,0.0002157361,0.0001145991,0.0005174787],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005051075,0.0001495374,0.0002070031,0.0002259008,0.00005171028,0.001978111,0.00004338855,0.0002150436,0.00009134984],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005611876,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002136086,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006984764,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000273937,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980132,0.00006077963,0.0009085468,0.0001396839,0.0007074527,0.0001703484],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977199,0.0001962241,0.0007826102,0.0001223035,0.001073101,0.0001059025],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004157555,0.0004050126,0.02497208,0.00002402625,0.0002878642,0.0001163718,0.001731938,0.9430895,0.0001031909,0.0003200215,0.003618111,0.02491612],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01075432,0.001537162,0.01853055,0.0001937847,0.0002674821,0.005183008,0.005210004,0.9427506,0.0004629527,0.006239667,0.008337438,0.0005330852],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6755939,0.00001426161,0.3203988,0.001620893,0.0012771,0.0005126919,0.0001387927,0.00002222398,0.0004213079],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9456687,0.000003628864,0.05330326,0.0004752884,0.0001102006,0.00002831193,0.000284667,0.00001100778,0.0001149577],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2700748,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6097957,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2196828803","doi":"10.3390/ijgi4042561","title":"Data Integration for Climate Vulnerability Mapping in West Africa","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","topic":"Impact of Light on Environment and Health","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Canadian Centre for Applied Research in Cancer Control; United States Agency for International Development; National Aeronautics and Space Administration","keywords":"Vulnerability (computing); Geography; Climate change; Environmental resource management; Vulnerability assessment; Disaster risk reduction; Psychological resilience; Environmental planning; Computer science; Environmental science; Ecology; Computer security","authors":[{"name":"Alex de Sherbinin","is_ca":false},{"name":"Tricia Chai-Onn","is_ca":false},{"name":"Malanding Jaiteh","is_ca":false},{"name":"Valentina Mara","is_ca":false},{"name":"Linda Pistolesi","is_ca":false},{"name":"E. Schnarr","is_ca":false},{"name":"S. Trzaska","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07780539233998442,"gpt":0.3297337851569311,"spread":0.2519283928169467,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002576585,0.00009749422,0.0001371369,0.0001822871,0.00005421284,0.00009880481,0.0006286138,0.0000586496,0.0002308001],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005058983,0.00008290841,0.0000441288,0.00009932379,0.00004417359,0.00623079,0.000182196,0.0001708307,0.0001811821],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007548423,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005689321,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008351674,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005032677,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982151,0.00004368672,0.0007619694,0.00008136019,0.000673788,0.0002241121],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99897,0.00006360514,0.0005726382,0.0001782931,0.00008527537,0.0001301574],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001936518,0.0007326993,0.5305251,0.00008381128,0.0001100428,0.00001358725,0.02571301,0.0114409,0.001124931,0.001959885,0.05694509,0.3694144],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003671034,0.0003341107,0.4782299,0.0001125771,0.00001886776,0.00006763222,0.003061524,0.02999755,0.0003261038,0.002884655,0.4809998,0.0002961699],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7999918,0.00005917916,0.163541,0.01174684,0.003318288,0.0007669314,0.0004264139,0.00003212204,0.0201174],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9908664,0.00005468748,0.008263418,0.0004208984,0.0001459331,0.000004792209,0.0002173026,0.000004195332,0.00002239285],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4240547,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4517172,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2225974670","doi":"10.3390/ijgi5010003","title":"Visual-LiDAR Odometry Aided by Reduced IMU","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","topic":"Robotics and Sensor-Based Localization","field":"Engineering","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Odometer; Odometry; Inertial measurement unit; Computer vision; Artificial intelligence; Computer science; Visual odometry; Lidar; Remote sensing; Mobile robot; Robot; Geography","authors":[{"name":"Yashar Balazadegan Sarvrood","is_ca":true},{"name":"Siavash Hosseinyalamdary","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yang Gao","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.003143836073504752,"gpt":0.2183226696016281,"spread":0.2151788335281234,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002473833,0.0001268346,0.000148383,0.0004486279,0.00003662247,0.0001283116,0.0002589932,0.00008908696,0.000160257],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002041527,0.00009631884,0.00009907689,0.0001340213,0.00002230563,0.002458187,0.00001945106,0.000118574,0.0001546221],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000254413,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003809814,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005566567,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.665473e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984465,0.00001906769,0.0007295486,0.00004476582,0.0006104356,0.0001497457],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987978,0.00007017599,0.0003031998,0.00008184729,0.0006560526,0.0000909497],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005810204,0.0001710649,0.002068545,0.0001113491,0.001056837,0.00003089532,0.00144602,0.1621759,0.1887629,0.005706323,0.154029,0.48386],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0113248,0.0006965059,0.007772701,0.001055207,0.0001373601,0.0005416144,0.0007518833,0.2188971,0.3492712,0.00256436,0.4055612,0.001426112],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2830467,0.00008034796,0.7098478,0.00130975,0.003283814,0.00009594693,0.00005998271,0.00007941042,0.002196257],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998149,0.000229574,0.0009768869,0.0002698668,0.0002451862,0.000001456652,0.00005196053,0.00001268357,0.000063366],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7151023,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3927768,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2922408548","doi":"10.3390/ijgi8030143","title":"Applicability of Remote Sensing-Based Vegetation Water Content in Modeling Lightning-Caused Forest Fire Occurrences","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"U.S. Forest Service; Government of Alberta; National Aeronautics and Space Administration","keywords":"Lightning (connector); Environmental science; Vegetation (pathology); Range (aeronautics); Moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer; Remote sensing; Physical geography; Meteorology; Geology; Satellite; Geography","authors":[{"name":"Masoud Abdollahi","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ashraf Dewan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Quazi K. Hassan","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01057101726773971,"gpt":0.226737572455133,"spread":0.2161665551873933,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000880051,0.0001201037,0.0002153379,0.0001726671,0.0000254884,0.00005789079,0.0003039597,0.00007359451,0.00008859971],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001300222,0.00009129778,0.0001010682,0.0000935657,0.00003657121,0.001657669,0.00005516752,0.0001721916,0.0002127155],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003881883,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002998702,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009421224,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002108925,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979032,0.00005994318,0.0009697822,0.00009107125,0.0008199309,0.0001560351],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988956,0.0000783992,0.000610898,0.0001319445,0.000233675,0.00004945249],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004759134,0.00008264006,0.0926269,0.0001519416,0.00005935572,0.000005773593,0.002732599,0.7349361,0.006929575,0.00003117149,0.00008480751,0.1618832],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001090019,0.0001187827,0.01499157,0.000245713,0.000007851804,0.00001451085,0.0001739008,0.9770958,0.005347558,0.0002285354,0.0005804489,0.0001052538],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9511681,0.000010365,0.04690503,0.000366617,0.0007981539,0.0002816494,0.000005498568,0.000009068464,0.0004555574],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979482,0.000003612717,0.001823883,0.0001527598,0.00003492113,8.180155e-7,0.00002659514,0.000004407753,0.00000480685],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2421597,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3723015,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3180986011","doi":"10.3390/ijgi10070461","title":"Assessing Earthquake Impacts and Monitoring Resilience of Historic Areas: Methods for GIS Tools","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","topic":"Infrastructure Resilience and Vulnerability Analysis","field":"Engineering","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Institute of Circulatory and Respiratory Health; Horizon 2020; Università degli Studi di Camerino","keywords":"Damages; Resilience (materials science); Vulnerability (computing); Hazard; Natural hazard; Computer science; Vulnerability assessment; Environmental resource management; Geographic information system; Environmental science; Geography; Computer security; Remote sensing; Psychological resilience","authors":[{"name":"Sonia Giovinazzi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Corinna Marchili","is_ca":false},{"name":"Antonio Di Pietro","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ludovica Giordano","is_ca":false},{"name":"Antonio Costanzo","is_ca":false},{"name":"Luigi La Porta","is_ca":false},{"name":"Maurizio Pollino","is_ca":false},{"name":"Vittorio Rosato","is_ca":false},{"name":"Daniel Lückerath","is_ca":false},{"name":"Katharina Milde","is_ca":false},{"name":"Oliver Ullrich","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01546009219673659,"gpt":0.3384879528427809,"spread":0.3230278606460443,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006484934,0.0000920603,0.0002036454,0.0002757302,0.00005364258,0.0002222258,0.0001667179,0.00006328188,0.00001994791],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001004591,0.00008633803,0.000118739,0.00016382,0.00002850536,0.004524669,0.00002334117,0.0001499287,8.521742e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001873906,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000976634,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007371023,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001514356,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988232,0.00003858243,0.0006470826,0.00004885502,0.0003248114,0.0001174736],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982162,0.0002481305,0.0003281406,0.00008891799,0.001058478,0.00006014662],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004819681,0.00001440595,0.004539408,0.0001901871,0.0002387071,0.000003733908,0.001407929,0.1111887,0.01721571,0.0003617264,0.0001715897,0.8646197],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002812755,0.0002743183,0.3452409,0.001434366,0.000380721,0.0008112811,0.007906411,0.1666605,0.4278767,0.004509422,0.04129945,0.0007931846],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3635274,0.000533856,0.634231,0.0001177984,0.001159225,0.0000469567,0.00001147185,0.00001146613,0.0003608095],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9272615,0.0002957995,0.07223537,0.00002380565,0.0001619926,0.000001874041,0.00001014905,0.000004168933,0.000005373298],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8638266,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3520763,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406369811","doi":"10.3390/ijgi14010030","title":"Synergy of Remote Sensing and Geospatial Technologies to Advance Sustainable Development Goals for Future Coastal Urbanization and Environmental Challenges in a Riverine Megacity","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","topic":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"King Saud University","keywords":"Megacity; Geospatial analysis; Urbanization; Sustainable development; Environmental planning; Environmental resource management; Environmental science; Remote sensing; Business; Geography; Political science; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"Minza Mumtaz","is_ca":false},{"name":"Syed Humayoun Jahanzaib","is_ca":false},{"name":"Waqar Hussain","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sadia Khan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Youssef M. Youssef","is_ca":false},{"name":"Saleh Qaysi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Abdalla Abdelnabi","is_ca":true},{"name":"Nassir Al‐Arifi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mahmoud E. Abd-Elmaboud","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00339424297398299,"gpt":0.204035193652162,"spread":0.200640950678179,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000232412,0.00007336192,0.0001210911,0.0001771021,0.00004909216,0.00003175292,0.0001118603,0.00004903729,0.000005745718],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004975227,0.00006330945,0.00001563519,0.00006927358,0.00001444194,0.001123784,0.0001634732,0.00004853562,0.000001001341],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000140921,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001554379,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001170743,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006041505,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992657,0.000009676124,0.0003648768,0.00006327799,0.0001993386,0.00009715311],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999613,0.00002479534,0.0002450867,0.00004356712,0.00005220565,0.00002133529],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004094473,0.00003115468,0.01429124,0.0001898303,0.0000633545,0.000006211278,0.004750638,0.004404023,0.0004731975,0.000523842,0.00006338615,0.9747937],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.007768207,0.0007807028,0.4877047,0.001388301,0.0000769022,0.0002584397,0.08326244,0.1136208,0.04400617,0.009348754,0.2509298,0.0008548392],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9637667,0.0001842039,0.03419786,0.001370669,0.0001574259,0.0001691666,0.00001586886,0.00000719068,0.0001309021],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9909248,0.0006133209,0.008355197,0.00005970104,0.00001746682,0.000001021212,0.00001708741,0.000001920361,0.000009519589],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9739388,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2581684,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4281716397","doi":"10.3390/ijgi11060333","title":"Limiting the Collection of Ground Truth Data for Land Use and Land Cover Maps with Machine Learning Algorithms","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","topic":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Prince Edward Island; Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Ground truth; Land cover; Normalized Difference Vegetation Index; Cohen's kappa; Random forest; Remote sensing; Computer science; Vegetation (pathology); Algorithm; Limiting; Artificial intelligence; Environmental science; Land use; Machine learning; Geography; Geology","authors":[{"name":"Usman Ali","is_ca":true},{"name":"Travis J. Esau","is_ca":true},{"name":"Aitazaz A. Farooque","is_ca":true},{"name":"Qamar U. Zaman","is_ca":true},{"name":"Farhat Abbas","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mathieu F. Bilodeau","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.013884095523753,"gpt":0.2247329036410578,"spread":0.2108488081173048,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005834754,0.00006824401,0.00008825219,0.00006347943,0.0002280286,0.0001362712,0.0002778384,0.00002079086,0.00004967814],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002693205,0.00004233856,0.00002392935,0.0001243461,0.00004384914,0.002008206,0.0001969087,0.0002072947,0.000002041112],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001378149,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000185915,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003633046,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004240285,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989362,0.00005022804,0.0003013148,0.00005956635,0.0005759234,0.00007677586],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989637,0.0002011405,0.0006011162,0.00008261003,0.0001268449,0.000024597],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00226278,0.0001374359,0.3372932,0.00004308686,0.0005222032,0.00001578032,0.00693259,0.552403,0.0007882525,0.0002120804,0.01471378,0.08467571],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003614014,0.0007857312,0.2478979,0.00007809399,0.0001078919,0.002141212,0.001414947,0.5334706,0.0003067292,0.0002738208,0.2096591,0.0002499192],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9736766,0.00003114245,0.02315677,0.001277378,0.0007085237,0.00026272,0.0002752131,0.00001040903,0.000601234],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9945033,0.00004479186,0.004770098,0.0001742006,0.00008394534,0.000001147977,0.0003094476,0.000004625427,0.0001084303],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1949453,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1753835,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2019577451","doi":"10.3390/ijgi2030854","title":"An Improved Neural Network Training Algorithm for Wi-Fi Fingerprinting Positioning","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","topic":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"RSS; Computer science; Artificial neural network; Signal strength; Algorithm; Location-based service; Real-time computing; Mean squared error; Indoor positioning system; Data mining; Artificial intelligence; Computer network; Wireless sensor network; Accelerometer; Mathematics; Statistics","authors":[{"name":"Esmond Mok","is_ca":false},{"name":"Bernard K.-S. Cheung","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.005624948004334438,"gpt":0.2227190325928814,"spread":0.217094084588547,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002939098,0.0001339736,0.0001589238,0.0002818181,0.0001301814,0.0003848659,0.0003713174,0.0001054149,0.00005326701],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001061517,0.0001307221,0.0001078813,0.0001137801,0.0000251576,0.004578032,0.00002446558,0.0002157676,0.00001575988],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001210167,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002920956,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001304646,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001306728,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987356,0.00001210476,0.0006907863,0.00005176433,0.0002733641,0.0002363793],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986269,0.00006068251,0.0003309778,0.00008594058,0.0008363926,0.00005904089],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001358729,0.000007581986,0.0001171504,0.00001393867,0.00009198747,0.00000100984,0.001220241,0.2270959,0.0006266517,0.0006099108,0.001226747,0.7689753],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006288241,0.00009503464,0.0008276644,0.00006217005,0.00001428682,0.00007419586,0.001254156,0.9907556,0.002001098,0.001262754,0.002866992,0.0001572544],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.04699749,0.0000387666,0.9495113,0.000268333,0.002315697,0.0002008059,0.00002034129,0.0002011205,0.0004460819],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9271193,0.00002089532,0.071757,0.0003417709,0.0006245913,0.00002122006,0.00009468618,0.0000146872,0.000005900034],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8801218,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5330691,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2960039978","doi":"10.3390/ijgi8070308","title":"Anomalous Urban Mobility Pattern Detection Based on GPS Trajectories and POI Data","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","topic":"Human Mobility and Location-Based Analysis","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Global Positioning System; Point of interest; Mobility model; Computer science; DBSCAN; Interval (graph theory); Geography; TRIPS architecture; Cluster analysis; Data mining; Artificial intelligence; Mathematics; Computer network; Telecommunications","authors":[{"name":"Zhenzhou Xu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ge Cui","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ming Zhong","is_ca":false},{"name":"Xin Wang","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01151376946214071,"gpt":0.2797281380883397,"spread":0.268214368626199,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001639279,0.00009986824,0.0001533031,0.0003369175,0.0002008748,0.0002970997,0.000551197,0.0000869404,0.0003759903],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005505215,0.00009313255,0.000080292,0.000159786,0.00009683969,0.003060382,0.00003988774,0.0002007997,0.00006745038],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002586006,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002472901,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002023599,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001288208,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981406,0.0001489526,0.0005485042,0.0001122017,0.0009159928,0.0001337221],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982136,0.0002222358,0.0005047777,0.0002501858,0.0007210222,0.00008811815],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005895493,0.0002578805,0.1531508,0.00007321703,0.0002579666,0.000004559102,0.01791188,0.004847511,0.0001078718,0.001173246,0.0008470571,0.8207785],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005502285,0.001239127,0.4338121,0.0004544162,0.0002743457,0.00002975938,0.02580254,0.2849213,0.00114388,0.002054239,0.2437523,0.001013717],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9335257,0.00003929008,0.05833507,0.002838746,0.001807117,0.0002958295,0.0001318836,0.00003746623,0.002988848],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987955,0.00002745888,0.0000825815,0.0005690213,0.0003716756,0.000002498445,0.0001052038,0.000003345037,0.00004270029],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8197647,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.411683,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2758668480","doi":"10.3390/ijgi6100295","title":"Comparative Analysis on Topological Structures of Urban Street Networks","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","topic":"Urban Design and Spatial Analysis","field":"Engineering","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Betweenness centrality; Centrality; Closeness; Complex network; Urbanization; Topology (electrical circuits); Economic geography; Development (topology); Network science; Geography; Representation (politics); Computer science; Complex system; Regional science; Mathematics; Artificial intelligence; Political science; Economic growth; Combinatorics; Economics","authors":[{"name":"Jingyi Lin","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yifang Ban","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01290026618493703,"gpt":0.2629026498101645,"spread":0.2500023836252275,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001771663,0.0001127729,0.0003262999,0.0004742917,0.00007739655,0.000152414,0.0005501373,0.00007561058,0.0001798415],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007574547,0.00008811242,0.0002626246,0.0001009344,0.00005856054,0.001136743,0.00003019313,0.0001925203,0.000007252532],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007544773,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001440673,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006621656,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004438635,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987594,0.00002222096,0.0006043544,0.00004030233,0.0004746801,0.00009896416],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99858,0.0000533956,0.0006636732,0.0001625642,0.0004820595,0.00005830055],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002053055,0.00003264703,0.02299404,0.000007824512,0.003730483,0.00000762627,0.000905142,0.9490952,0.00006928421,0.006923856,0.005301081,0.01072743],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001142901,0.0002853047,0.2868696,0.00005459605,0.0006647538,0.00001148164,0.0004867074,0.7006957,0.002569108,0.001140984,0.005792749,0.0002861705],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6835588,0.0001371906,0.3037146,0.0003322628,0.00171341,0.0001070415,0.00008911114,0.00003550042,0.01031211],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990972,0.00005101527,0.00055034,0.00005719943,0.0001934355,8.222859e-7,0.00003175047,0.000002181737,0.00001600298],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3155385,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.359312,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2905879806","doi":"10.3390/ijgi8010005","title":"Investigation of Post-Fire Debris Flows in Montecito","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering; Chinese Academy of Sciences","keywords":"Debris; Debris flow; Landslide; Surface runoff; Environmental science; Hydrology (agriculture); Digital elevation model; Terrain; Geology; Geomorphology; Remote sensing; Geotechnical engineering; Geography; Cartography","authors":[{"name":"Yifei Cui","is_ca":false},{"name":"Deqiang Cheng","is_ca":false},{"name":"Dave Chan","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.004870527782917185,"gpt":0.2134747895130692,"spread":0.208604261730152,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007060034,0.00009924496,0.0001527229,0.0002540479,0.00003224988,0.00005162639,0.0004371979,0.00007292459,0.0003702521],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003554297,0.00008954429,0.00007306768,0.0002028634,0.00008288676,0.003851079,0.00008305165,0.0001377057,0.0003757951],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003687323,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003940798,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001268717,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003353652,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980953,0.00005683081,0.0008594027,0.00005942354,0.0008037321,0.000125289],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998619,0.00005905841,0.0008114076,0.0001081635,0.0003346825,0.00006772143],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001244608,0.0001475479,0.4427379,0.00009653999,0.000221511,0.00003228366,0.02084845,0.006183215,0.06451027,0.0004505866,0.01869713,0.44483],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00281086,0.000965451,0.8120225,0.0005067365,0.00002549317,0.0003067282,0.0008365553,0.1182908,0.04263844,0.0009984359,0.02022863,0.0003693523],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9941482,0.00001157514,0.001793705,0.0007603907,0.001296679,0.0001375571,0.0000160112,0.000008415334,0.001827486],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978881,0.00001111552,0.001494236,0.0004094029,0.0001568361,0.000002994259,0.00001610899,0.000004679799,0.00001653498],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4444606,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4830211,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2136209984","doi":"10.3390/ijgi4031389","title":"A Volunteered Geographic Information Framework to Enable Bottom-Up Disaster Management Platforms","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","topic":"Geographic Information Systems Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Volunteered geographic information; Metadata; Computer science; Social media; World Wide Web; Citizen science; Component (thermodynamics); Data science; Information retrieval","authors":[{"name":"M. Ebrahim Poorazizi","is_ca":true},{"name":"Andrew Hunter","is_ca":true},{"name":"Stefan Steiniger","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0175897604205763,"gpt":0.3015765689394176,"spread":0.2839868085188413,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["scholarly_communication","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002627135,0.0002286936,0.0003022095,0.00190711,0.0003820955,0.0009108002,0.0009664452,0.0001897171,0.0001196042],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008623529,0.0002027596,0.0002042828,0.0007640275,0.0001185891,0.01718655,0.0002043791,0.0003623157,0.001076273],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004983649,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002143706,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006680125,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007907399,"domain_scores_codex":[0.994882,0.00004963789,0.001690576,0.00007913038,0.002856183,0.0004425096],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9937257,0.00009033163,0.001384486,0.0002124996,0.004217291,0.0003696921],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001209867,0.0001141665,0.0226071,0.0001455849,0.001357942,0.00001376731,0.4344266,0.003483515,0.000002179565,0.3388584,0.1061632,0.09161765],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00174022,0.0001621319,0.005566395,0.0002895565,0.00004884932,0.00004454998,0.1240632,0.0002547507,0.00001626414,0.01297423,0.8544975,0.0003423462],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3182199,0.0002032633,0.3608803,0.01843551,0.04229537,0.003317889,0.0002835283,0.0004350953,0.2559292],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9889746,0.0001603995,0.006486184,0.003223516,0.0005950372,0.00005085416,0.00009650605,0.000008553989,0.0004043037],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7483343,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997015,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2802044904","doi":"10.3390/ijgi7050161","title":"LiDAR—A Technology to Assist with Smart Cities and Climate Change Resilience: A Case Study in an Urban Metropolis","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","topic":"Flood Risk Assessment and Management","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Lidar; Digital elevation model; Terrain; Catchment area; Environmental science; Resilience (materials science); Geographic information system; Climate change; Geography; Elevation (ballistics); Meteorology; Storm; Drainage basin; Remote sensing; Hydrology (agriculture); Physical geography; Cartography; Geology; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"Ryan Garnett","is_ca":false},{"name":"Matthew D. Adams","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009265619861168754,"gpt":0.2979144761527452,"spread":0.2886488562915764,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004367886,0.00009438745,0.0001119664,0.0005721319,0.00008787469,0.0001530227,0.0002615153,0.0000319853,0.0000960556],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002601488,0.00007359887,0.00001515868,0.0002672608,0.0001121532,0.003134296,0.0001982897,0.0001060549,0.00003543171],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002150841,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000111002,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000952767,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004082724,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988915,0.00002785483,0.0003564906,0.00008229467,0.0004861196,0.0001556838],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994577,0.0000108198,0.0002507932,0.0001002666,0.0001118931,0.00006852724],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001875148,0.0001207718,0.9561004,0.000003896997,0.00002867741,0.0002038692,0.007753343,0.0000735095,0.00001892258,0.0004845296,0.0003587592,0.0346658],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002203013,0.00413554,0.9205275,0.00008762194,0.00004510974,0.001114137,0.06034406,0.001834777,0.0002308589,0.0002014699,0.009005234,0.0002706819],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9960762,0.000005708805,0.001155893,0.0009527738,0.0002569854,0.0002677366,0.000006555737,0.00001200381,0.001266192],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973134,0.00001626504,0.002176116,0.0003755423,0.00008132174,0.00001817288,0.000002657807,0.000003496428,0.00001298241],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05259071,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3001275,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2948007733","doi":"10.3390/ijgi8060250","title":"A GIS Tool for Mapping Dam-Break Flood Hazards in Italy","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","topic":"Flood Risk Assessment and Management","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Ministero dello Sviluppo Economico","keywords":"Flood myth; Hydrograph; Dam failure; Digital elevation model; Geospatial analysis; Computer science; Geographic information system; Environmental science; Dam break; Geomatics; Flood mitigation; Civil engineering; Hydrology (agriculture); Geology; Geotechnical engineering; Engineering; Geography; Remote sensing","authors":[{"name":"Raffaele Albano","is_ca":false},{"name":"Leonardo Mancusi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jan Adamowski","is_ca":true},{"name":"Andrea Cantisani","is_ca":false},{"name":"Aurelia Sole","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.004212507576924368,"gpt":0.234913729647116,"spread":0.2307012220701916,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006012354,0.00009840301,0.0001314839,0.0002595372,0.00003210514,0.0001345875,0.0004015742,0.00004402486,0.0006466664],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006156118,0.00008756309,0.0001056437,0.0001142393,0.00001786467,0.003816401,0.0001264799,0.0001131061,0.0003896073],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000347892,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000293565,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001031663,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002791668,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985069,0.00001505977,0.0006018206,0.00006785592,0.0006516543,0.0001567028],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993172,0.00003683947,0.0004298946,0.00009260327,0.0000873507,0.00003612614],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008788196,0.0004633167,0.309004,0.0001397323,0.0005291229,0.00002456639,0.007059617,0.07785104,0.003494334,0.008155066,0.0623577,0.5300426],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006669376,0.0004139135,0.3894366,0.0002240422,0.0000411582,0.00006739758,0.001881775,0.05379028,0.001041529,0.002835417,0.5431445,0.0004539978],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9357315,0.00001323603,0.04439319,0.001987147,0.002015672,0.0004938977,0.00002327905,0.00001435792,0.01532772],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.991843,0.00003594114,0.007035972,0.0006175392,0.00009132895,0.00001199195,0.00003772544,0.00000492762,0.0003216093],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5295886,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7080544,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2572321483","doi":"10.3390/ijgi6010012","title":"Towards a Common Framework for the Identification of Landforms on Terrain Models","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","topic":"3D Modeling in Geospatial Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Université Laval","keywords":"Landform; Salient; Terrain; Identification (biology); Computer science; Feature (linguistics); Object (grammar); Ontology; Connotation; Conceptual model; Process (computing); Data mining; Artificial intelligence; Geography; Cartography; Epistemology; Linguistics; Programming language","authors":[{"name":"Éric Guilbert","is_ca":true},{"name":"Bernard Moulin","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01887043301714538,"gpt":0.3008720091228859,"spread":0.2820015761057406,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005511171,0.00009740017,0.0001363115,0.0001613697,0.0001645979,0.0002276574,0.0009215336,0.00008179335,0.0000085232],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003058855,0.00007172712,0.0001254747,0.00003293087,0.00004261446,0.001758787,0.00003825845,0.0001959712,0.00001249918],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001011185,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003592571,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004695369,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007850868,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985686,0.000006398781,0.0008207478,0.00003940478,0.0004658274,0.00009900484],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979342,0.0001286414,0.0009007939,0.0003216601,0.0006817013,0.00003306778],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001271016,0.00003286582,0.0001363679,0.00004005008,0.0002119822,2.403571e-7,0.002042992,0.7965342,0.0001940486,0.07607179,0.001244391,0.123364],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000534487,0.00005979776,0.004958388,0.000133546,0.00003618706,0.00001178885,0.0001845844,0.8980153,0.004018673,0.08726389,0.00467725,0.0001061432],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.03254983,0.00002525735,0.9628278,0.001915226,0.001450137,0.0002406424,0.0001254104,0.00002283968,0.0008428761],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.990332,0.0001029907,0.009117351,0.0001285008,0.0002318509,0.00003515444,0.00003561459,0.00000891091,0.000007609461],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9577822,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2924947,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}