{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":30,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":30,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"4b0ef9b96e1e","filters":{"venue":"Integrative Organismal Biology"}},"results":[{"id":"W2962664096","doi":"10.1093/iob/obz017","title":"Glucocorticoids and “Stress” Are Not Synonymous","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Integrative Organismal Biology","topic":"Animal Behavior and Reproduction","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":352,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Queen's University; Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Stressor; Corticosterone; Glucocorticoid; Hormone; Stress (linguistics); Fight-or-flight response; Psychology; Neuroscience; Biology; Endocrinology; Genetics","authors":[{"name":"Scott A. MacDougall‐Shackleton","is_ca":true},{"name":"Frances Bonier","is_ca":true},{"name":"L. Michael Romero","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ignacio T. Moore","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01293813834927603,"gpt":0.2270979849941298,"spread":0.2141598466448538,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007539384,0.0001528811,0.0002100181,0.00001076252,0.00009886314,0.00002418216,0.0001162447,0.000154572,0.001137174],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004984916,0.00004873868,0.00004613096,0.0001309057,0.000144829,0.00006248822,0.00007277365,0.0001683929,0.0002658053],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001889593,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005339804,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001898596,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002059434,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990933,0.00007406365,0.0001485646,0.0004207175,0.00005605236,0.0002072943],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999645,0.00007391586,0.00008364441,0.00005380785,0.00008215849,0.00006147542],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002832464,0.00003189611,0.2592985,0.000001558835,0.000005827386,0.00000208854,0.00006651792,3.534473e-8,0.7292709,0.001055678,0.00003224171,0.01020643],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001017279,0.0008099811,0.7874855,0.00001191648,0.00001129806,0.0000344089,0.001683478,0.00000246462,0.2062777,0.0002932831,0.003115837,0.0001723362],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9973401,0.0001191901,0.000005434539,0.001204002,0.0002638648,0.0001890093,0.00008845816,0.00006695375,0.0007230093],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998355,0.00003854756,0.00004379157,0.0002006214,0.0001860789,0.000007978305,0.00005139392,0.000001199576,0.001115436],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.528187,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997759,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4327709603","doi":"10.1093/iob/obad008","title":"A New Era of Morphological Investigations: Reviewing Methods for Comparative Anatomical Studies","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Integrative Organismal Biology","topic":"Morphological variations and asymmetry","field":"Mathematics","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Canadian Museum of Nature","funders":"National Science Foundation","keywords":"Visualization; Data science; Computer science; Artificial intelligence","authors":[{"name":"Kassandra Ford","is_ca":false},{"name":"James S. Albert","is_ca":false},{"name":"Adam P. Summers","is_ca":false},{"name":"Brandon P. Hedrick","is_ca":false},{"name":"Emma R. Schachner","is_ca":false},{"name":"A S Jones","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kory M. Evans","is_ca":false},{"name":"Prosanta Chakrabarty","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.5124173940019455,"gpt":0.5579864473517933,"spread":0.04556905334984773,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001582194,0.0007300984,0.005416745,0.0002473193,0.0001443819,0.00002094106,0.0006099941,0.0008274984,0.0003347243],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01421729,0.0004113838,0.0008929065,0.001126106,0.0005404809,0.00005166098,0.0003392787,0.001019848,0.0000788722],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001812573,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004684991,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001698838,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007733132,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9946499,0.002127046,0.001898868,0.0008110097,0.00009762093,0.0004155218],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9808726,0.0167476,0.001312303,0.0004409173,0.0004766435,0.00014995],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001159224,0.0001000789,0.000002847365,0.004845302,0.001649462,0.000008989738,0.0005094419,5.527957e-8,0.0001037202,0.5474923,0.01626868,0.4290075],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003213165,0.0006136457,0.000001439852,0.006518925,0.001536356,0.00006614748,0.0006924395,0.00001269623,0.0002701201,0.4124601,0.5769331,0.0005736622],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.000008889921,0.7751822,0.2219794,0.0001579396,0.0003262302,0.001789014,0.0002982538,0.000120073,0.0001380211],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.000003477462,0.5408433,0.4582522,0.00005688902,0.0001360167,0.000321443,0.0001490864,0.00003574556,0.0002018458],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5606644,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998338,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1503596648","doi":"10.1002/9781118398814.ch9","title":"Physiological Regulatory Networks: The Orchestra of Life?","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"Integrative Organismal Biology","topic":"Circadian rhythm and melatonin","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Hôpital Fleurimont","funders":"","keywords":"Organism; Cognitive science; Focus (optics); Ecology; Psychoneuroimmunology; Psychology; Neuroscience; Biology","authors":[{"name":"Lynn B. Martin","is_ca":false},{"name":"Alan A. Cohen","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02439645118619688,"gpt":0.2551531206604475,"spread":0.2307566694742506,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001608644,0.0003866426,0.0006652812,0.0001013863,0.00006815077,0.0000110401,0.0006140965,0.0007422882,0.003234935],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008683504,0.0002010228,0.0001677327,0.0002236655,0.001642728,0.00001428664,0.0001330779,0.0006625007,0.0004078205],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002664311,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001320425,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003906481,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002550412,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978851,0.0007056225,0.0003244327,0.0006107343,0.00009985334,0.0003742514],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983972,0.0005097407,0.0004247301,0.0005282562,0.00003260711,0.0001074372],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000421971,0.00007858205,0.0004017797,0.00002282266,0.00006198909,0.0000091255,0.0002453267,0.000005179736,0.2186876,0.5482615,0.2308309,0.001353058],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005867661,0.0007807561,0.00369833,0.0001626797,0.00005799892,0.0000482017,0.0001932615,0.00009026003,0.1350821,0.002555841,0.8560051,0.0007387487],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.06817137,0.007095017,0.009051621,0.001597311,0.005494069,0.002241971,0.0005619757,0.0009021534,0.9048845],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9043082,0.0003073647,0.0000815307,0.001474327,0.001150584,0.00002758542,0.00002237815,0.000204325,0.09242371],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8361368,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9976763,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1521472286","doi":"10.1002/9781118398814.ch18","title":"Trade‐offs and Biological Diversity: Integrative Answers to Ecological Questions","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"Integrative Organismal Biology","topic":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Ecology; Biodiversity; Diversity (politics); Community; Abundance (ecology); Biology; Sociology; Ecosystem","authors":[{"name":"Paul R. Martin","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01242216019369318,"gpt":0.2474921842211948,"spread":0.2350700240275016,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002035204,0.0004828182,0.0006728425,0.0001438608,0.0003647928,0.00001442357,0.000370196,0.0008485199,0.009567575],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004663429,0.00030807,0.00008747432,0.0002217921,0.001747027,0.00003181023,0.001076457,0.0005361711,0.001524541],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000176971,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001671237,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004221684,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008882036,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979881,0.0004593146,0.0002431028,0.000826876,0.00007919847,0.0004034259],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990786,0.0003779411,0.0001674642,0.0001815524,0.00001449714,0.0001799483],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009931277,0.0004223348,0.4905818,0.00001354827,0.0005266516,0.00004618868,0.006879933,0.000008212528,0.002666123,0.07386743,0.4186474,0.006241052],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009142108,0.004709844,0.4458341,0.00009819272,0.0001693973,0.00004867748,0.003728728,0.00008399747,0.0001753988,0.01663303,0.5258942,0.001710218],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1000916,0.0004497287,0.0215064,0.009655369,0.001805643,0.002190348,0.0007035672,0.0007892915,0.862808],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.886957,0.0005206028,0.005027488,0.004387714,0.0001950033,0.0001175815,0.0001629697,0.0001277223,0.1025039],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7868655,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999371,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3139338112","doi":"10.1093/iob/obab005","title":"Rorqual Lunge-Feeding Energetics Near and Away from the Kinematic Threshold of Optimal Efficiency","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Integrative Organismal Biology","topic":"Marine animal studies overview","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Office of Naval Research; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Predation; Foraging; Energetics; Krill; Kinematics; Baleen; Energy requirement; Energy expenditure; Fish <Actinopterygii>; Biology; Environmental science; Ecology; Physics; Fishery; Mathematics; Whale","authors":[{"name":"J Potvin","is_ca":false},{"name":"David E. Cade","is_ca":false},{"name":"Alexander Werth","is_ca":false},{"name":"Robert E. Shadwick","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jeremy A. Goldbogen","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01359364397343203,"gpt":0.2447536441023759,"spread":0.2311600001289438,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001807732,0.0001897712,0.0003194824,0.000008148971,0.0001761999,0.0000237651,0.0002743435,0.00008652009,0.003425478],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003498429,0.0001115054,0.00005727485,0.0002395042,0.0007894328,0.0000496812,0.0008747239,0.0001946233,0.0000715104],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005176716,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002466074,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001411215,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001261503,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988591,0.000126093,0.000287552,0.0003584064,0.0001283423,0.000240515],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999229,0.0003641245,0.0001178287,0.0002020454,0.00003685257,0.0000501292],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005871424,0.0002677723,0.5571792,0.00002976,0.0002213864,0.0000376419,0.01076474,0.0001770562,0.399291,0.02176552,0.002338139,0.007869044],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001543958,0.001973006,0.6678633,0.0001729739,0.0003257919,0.00008390688,0.01572408,0.008451683,0.2715436,0.007434768,0.02368493,0.001198031],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9907364,0.0008597948,0.0009041302,0.0008881175,0.0001198905,0.0001185075,0.00003312554,0.00001603364,0.006324039],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9950976,0.0001982094,0.004080383,0.0004225836,0.00004683772,0.000006836977,0.00001258219,0.00001141438,0.0001235657],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1277474,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9974855,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4200328607","doi":"10.1093/iob/obab035","title":"Flight and Dietary Antioxidants Influence Antioxidant Expression and Activity in a Migratory Bird","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Integrative Organismal Biology","topic":"Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress","field":"Medicine","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Western University; University of Rhode Island; U.S. Department of Agriculture; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Antioxidant; SOD2; GPX1; Endogeny; Superoxide dismutase; Biology; Gene expression; Biochemistry; Glutathione peroxidase; Gene","authors":[{"name":"Kristen J. DeMoranville","is_ca":false},{"name":"Wales A. Carter","is_ca":false},{"name":"Barbara J. Pierce","is_ca":false},{"name":"Scott R. McWilliams","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01398628878809072,"gpt":0.283014521756521,"spread":0.2690282329684303,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001768882,0.0003230072,0.0006360245,0.0001905915,0.0001228312,0.00002637443,0.00007269282,0.0002797256,0.00007033516],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004457539,0.0002414552,0.00005896404,0.0003571472,0.0006217209,0.0003004644,0.0001980601,0.000557114,0.00001478971],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000514747,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001675162,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002123523,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007145078,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982032,0.0003570506,0.000274418,0.0006934704,0.000114964,0.0003568915],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999034,0.0002634742,0.000121235,0.0002301642,0.0001902122,0.0001608967],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001986623,0.0001665903,0.3468367,0.00004297343,0.00003049922,0.0002137588,0.0005783185,8.646039e-8,0.6491848,0.000289015,0.00001860293,0.002439972],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007109094,0.0002492326,0.5242728,0.000221802,0.00001885216,0.000156455,0.000617051,0.0000179353,0.4731988,0.0002477799,0.0001376903,0.0001506899],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9964862,0.001536224,0.0004128073,0.0008540825,0.00008894189,0.0002448006,0.00004286037,0.0000734862,0.000260632],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9971548,0.001209536,0.001038808,0.0003538532,0.00005048369,0.00001325264,0.00001050824,0.0000273905,0.0001413151],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1774361,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9846258,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4285211838","doi":"10.1093/iob/obac014","title":"Male Bowhead Whale Reproductive Histories Inferred from Baleen Testosterone and Stable Isotopes","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Integrative Organismal Biology","topic":"Marine animal studies overview","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada","funders":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada; Pinngortitaleriffik","keywords":"Baleen; Whale; Biology; Cetacea; Zoology; Stable isotope ratio; Seasonal breeder; Right whale; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"Kathleen E. Hunt","is_ca":false},{"name":"C. Loren Buck","is_ca":false},{"name":"Steven H. Ferguson","is_ca":true},{"name":"Alejandro Fernández Ajó","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mads Peter Heide‐Jørgensen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Cory J. D. Matthews","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01579048373106137,"gpt":0.2311777685797861,"spread":0.2153872848487248,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002030376,0.0002428327,0.000357765,0.00002794572,0.0004480341,0.00001906892,0.0002929532,0.00005532679,0.02629163],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002167229,0.0002007467,0.00003622705,0.0002293431,0.0005447872,0.0001680157,0.001898453,0.0003034679,0.00018817],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004661975,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000211732,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02061668,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005828745,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998285,0.0002633059,0.000243996,0.0007534623,0.000139973,0.0003142659],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993411,0.0001431001,0.0001301536,0.0002942562,0.00002317278,0.00006819294],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001387119,0.0001512494,0.8765929,0.000004734426,0.00008402257,0.00002303499,0.006454527,0.000004577491,0.095038,0.001522302,0.01315265,0.006833305],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006279721,0.001968925,0.2970674,0.000006860531,0.0000526432,0.00009260583,0.008978174,0.00002158277,0.01450955,0.003998209,0.6720514,0.0006246893],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9761731,0.001059419,0.00006931617,0.001506405,0.0002846531,0.0003468326,0.0002347873,0.0000561955,0.02026931],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9922352,0.00008971996,0.001310136,0.0006012451,0.00007359496,0.0001110335,0.00006063581,0.00002037686,0.005498083],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6588988,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9859051,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3211032154","doi":"10.1093/iob/obab032","title":"Social Group Size and Shelter Availability Influence Individual Metabolic Traits in a Social Fish","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Integrative Organismal Biology","topic":"Animal Behavior and Reproduction","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Carleton University; Université de Montréal","funders":"European Research Council; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Natural Environment Research Council; Sight Research UK","keywords":"Fish <Actinopterygii>; Biology; Fishery","authors":[{"name":"Emmanuelle Chrétien","is_ca":true},{"name":"Daniel Boisclair","is_ca":true},{"name":"Steven J. Cooke","is_ca":true},{"name":"Shaun S. Killen","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02511294697257041,"gpt":0.2688675717286025,"spread":0.2437546247560321,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002413853,0.0001838621,0.0003191251,0.00001209181,0.0002705321,0.00004625821,0.0001377159,0.0002636861,0.0006550897],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002422726,0.0000753408,0.00007430125,0.0003902036,0.0003708669,0.0001269763,0.0001286777,0.0003149423,0.000013807],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002573684,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002117158,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002118231,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002389438,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984652,0.0003470003,0.0002543143,0.0005607533,0.00009108691,0.0002815945],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995839,0.0001435096,0.00007182401,0.00002633021,0.0001279458,0.00004650492],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003861744,0.0001219038,0.09014346,0.000001884315,0.00001355251,0.000006935571,0.001372774,7.761667e-9,0.8803818,0.003493228,0.00009763819,0.02432826],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001717144,0.000180472,0.969554,0.00000282574,0.00001797774,0.00001846655,0.001325816,1.430624e-7,0.02373003,0.002209454,0.002624256,0.0001648121],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9961988,0.0001066146,0.00000174455,0.003098693,0.00007496836,0.0001304916,0.0001554925,0.00003721718,0.0001959233],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987944,0.00002237313,0.00007914344,0.0005236942,0.0003842822,0.00001648919,0.00008236179,0.000001378434,0.00009591755],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8794106,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7172773,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4288427439","doi":"10.1093/iob/obac031","title":"Reconstructing Articular Cartilage in the <i>Australopithecus afarensis</i> Hip Joint and the Need for Modeling Six Degrees of Freedom","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Integrative Organismal Biology","topic":"Osteoarthritis Treatment and Mechanisms","field":"Medicine","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Arthur B. McDonald-Canadian Astroparticle Physics Research Institute","funders":"Isaac Newton Trust; Liverpool John Moores University; University of Cambridge; Leverhulme Trust; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Articular cartilage; Joint (building); Degrees of freedom (physics and chemistry); Anatomy; Medicine; Computer science; Physics; Engineering; Osteoarthritis; Pathology; Structural engineering","authors":[{"name":"Ashleigh L. A. Wiseman","is_ca":true},{"name":"Oliver E. Demuth","is_ca":false},{"name":"Emma Pomeroy","is_ca":false},{"name":"Isabelle De Groote","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02847077690932922,"gpt":0.2541816950364656,"spread":0.2257109181271364,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005733196,0.0001624543,0.0004136849,0.00007754126,0.0001886462,0.00001038986,0.0001034102,0.00006637639,0.0000541067],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002401095,0.00008173631,0.0001100285,0.0001546726,0.0002923693,0.00002717827,0.00007034768,0.000273828,9.3525e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004190924,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006110642,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001735002,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002114663,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998805,0.0003071948,0.0003381442,0.0002309631,0.00008926503,0.0002293589],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999271,0.0003167479,0.0001141016,0.0001803362,0.00008776201,0.00003008801],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001890778,0.000183326,0.006037245,0.00003403729,0.0001559697,0.00005474342,0.0209425,0.000286488,0.8505602,0.1136373,0.00006267123,0.006154704],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.03778515,0.0144192,0.0004334983,0.0002253011,0.00102342,0.001959872,0.3253374,0.02619311,0.557143,0.03411472,0.0006386773,0.0007266701],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9945928,0.0005435615,0.001194634,0.002187771,0.0001897557,0.001034363,0.00005899989,0.00001598564,0.0001821526],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9967871,0.00001582077,0.002613209,0.0002496053,0.00005608717,0.0001932439,0.00003728239,0.0000139361,0.00003368131],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3043949,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.333311,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3192664484","doi":"10.1093/iob/obab024","title":"Increasing Viscosity Helps Explain Locomotor Control in Swimming <i>Polypterus senegalus</i>","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Integrative Organismal Biology","topic":"Fish biology, ecology, and behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Sensory system; Kinematics; Fish fin; Fish locomotion; Motor control; Fish <Actinopterygii>; Viscosity; Anatomy; Biology; Physical medicine and rehabilitation; Computer science; Control theory (sociology); Physics; Control (management); Neuroscience; Fishery; Medicine; Artificial intelligence","authors":[{"name":"Keegan Lutek","is_ca":true},{"name":"Emily M. Standen","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009420267198245827,"gpt":0.2424031783275031,"spread":0.2329829111292573,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005498493,0.0003341794,0.0005364038,0.00007018108,0.0001833589,0.00002841775,0.0003277621,0.0004093333,0.005486335],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000433902,0.0002724511,0.0001019081,0.0003443157,0.0006607851,0.000145355,0.0003087001,0.0005141431,0.0008252156],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004449486,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007237326,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001699402,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01116392,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9970428,0.001022917,0.0004464326,0.0007560508,0.00009073372,0.0006410484],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989956,0.0004116762,0.0001409904,0.0002837077,0.00003602421,0.0001320278],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006184322,0.0001460134,0.449781,0.000001486588,0.00001100468,0.0001013469,0.0002161868,0.000001360457,0.5482269,0.0001284247,0.0001737949,0.001150705],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001658281,0.0005075664,0.7859106,0.00002595196,0.00003412954,0.0003167111,0.001194497,0.00009470845,0.2023591,0.0006181929,0.006768798,0.0005114558],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9930331,0.00009504379,0.001313737,0.001160385,0.0004996067,0.0003126897,0.00007304009,0.00006054054,0.003451901],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9949914,0.0000224049,0.001855263,0.002546585,0.00009264889,0.00004703573,0.00005312029,0.00002164073,0.0003699418],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3458678,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999728,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4210339929","doi":"10.1093/iob/obac005","title":"Heat Wave Intensity Drives Sublethal Reproductive Costs in a Tidepool Copepod","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Integrative Organismal Biology","topic":"Physiological and biochemical adaptations","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Offspring; Copepod; Biology; Heat stress; Intensity (physics); Population; Heat wave; Fecundity; Ecology; Zoology; Animal science; Toxicology; Demography; Climate change; Crustacean; Pregnancy; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Matthew R. Siegle","is_ca":true},{"name":"Eric B. Taylor","is_ca":true},{"name":"Mary I. O’Connor","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01683317932375938,"gpt":0.2355288702208627,"spread":0.2186956908971033,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001825038,0.0001836378,0.0002764817,0.00003597221,0.0001943133,0.000007481351,0.000249493,0.00007500545,0.005364844],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002921477,0.0001269595,0.00006265036,0.000439012,0.0005670625,0.00007021924,0.0007661341,0.0005255328,0.0002127893],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004956675,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002039607,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001508433,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003061759,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983922,0.0002835866,0.0002406797,0.0006580672,0.0001137249,0.0003117977],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995371,0.0001282715,0.00004108648,0.000196818,0.00002406223,0.00007266676],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000130211,0.0002235005,0.01810027,5.106345e-7,0.00001096172,0.00002424723,0.0007060818,0.00002132461,0.9780138,0.0008459883,0.001002442,0.0009206808],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006478782,0.001651933,0.2119743,0.000008188909,0.00001281127,0.0001228597,0.004989092,0.0003451151,0.7494386,0.02531283,0.00493771,0.0005586546],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9938836,0.00002665884,0.00008974878,0.001827632,0.0001850063,0.000260235,0.00006594754,0.00004280358,0.003618334],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979686,0.000006420953,0.0005195331,0.0009665751,0.00004244116,0.0000762738,0.00008826557,0.000007875768,0.0003239736],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2285752,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9955444,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2915920314","doi":"10.1093/iob/obz001","title":"Flow Features of the Near Wake of the Australian Boobook Owl (Ninox boobook) During Flapping Flight Suggest an Aerodynamic Mechanism of Sound Suppression for Stealthy Flight","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Integrative Organismal Biology","topic":"Biomimetic flight and propulsion mechanisms","field":"Engineering","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Wake; Flapping; Aerodynamics; Sturnus; Vortex shedding; Particle image velocimetry; Acoustics; Wind tunnel; Bird flight; Kármán vortex street; Physics; Mechanics; Meteorology; Turbulence; Aerospace engineering; Geology; Wing; Reynolds number; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"Jonathan Lawley","is_ca":false},{"name":"Hadar Ben-Gida","is_ca":false},{"name":"Krishnamoorthy Krishnan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Erin E. Hackett","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gregory A. Kopp","is_ca":true},{"name":"Gareth J. Morgan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Christopher G. Guglielmo","is_ca":true},{"name":"Roi Gurka","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007572563927142757,"gpt":0.2268484703260384,"spread":0.2192759063988956,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002836808,0.000398608,0.0006612522,0.0001069129,0.0001843232,0.00001795344,0.0008228399,0.0004692292,0.0003301336],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005719908,0.0002154229,0.0002729092,0.0002409099,0.0002426041,0.00009583636,0.0001479489,0.0004378482,0.00001064545],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007431045,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008675366,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006052277,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002068135,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981201,0.0002428458,0.000611473,0.0003912087,0.0001991195,0.0004352585],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985518,0.000145039,0.000337116,0.0006804292,0.0002059314,0.00007964857],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001273983,0.00003553148,0.0005080543,0.0002179555,0.00009643839,3.712114e-7,0.00220306,0.00009831913,0.9779049,0.01844411,0.00006757129,0.0002962741],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007183987,0.000477002,0.003794065,0.0002075362,0.00005885456,0.00001316233,0.0008871202,0.001350225,0.9859325,0.006074097,0.0002415527,0.0002455373],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9946051,0.0001347353,0.001334148,0.0002527139,0.001810168,0.001127942,0.0001934556,0.0000602315,0.0004815152],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9939067,0.00001477238,0.004287417,0.00003268995,0.00006029702,0.00002827846,0.00003446049,0.00006075388,0.001574579],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01237001,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8784692,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2941815413","doi":"10.1093/iob/obz009","title":"Chronic Plasma Cortisol Elevation Does Not Promote Riskier Behavior in a Teleost Fish: A Test of the Behavioral Resiliency Hypothesis","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Integrative Organismal Biology","topic":"Animal Behavior and Reproduction","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Queen's University; Carleton University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Esox; Pike; Lepomis; Predation; Shoaling and schooling; Context (archaeology); Stressor; Ecology; Biology; Psychology; Fish <Actinopterygii>; Fishery; Neuroscience","authors":[{"name":"Michael Lawrence","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jean‐Guy J. Godin","is_ca":true},{"name":"Aaron J. Zolderdo","is_ca":true},{"name":"Steven J. Cooke","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01755989676907655,"gpt":0.2448778093276166,"spread":0.2273179125585401,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001528653,0.0002108104,0.0003026708,0.00003094364,0.0001076404,0.00001638861,0.0003461903,0.0002479244,0.001099293],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001774863,0.000064056,0.0001219411,0.00044193,0.0002636723,0.0001076626,0.0001006421,0.0003120895,0.00005309256],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001187553,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004319032,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001066836,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006930608,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984989,0.0001535642,0.0004047757,0.0005089209,0.0001375792,0.000296328],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992622,0.000171211,0.0002505808,0.0001363741,0.0001419999,0.00003760212],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002994375,0.0001569242,0.3898045,0.000002088602,0.000002105021,6.367833e-7,0.0001163545,8.133672e-8,0.5918025,0.00005603469,0.000006369506,0.01802238],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001142937,0.001511533,0.5743265,0.0000157573,0.00001758627,0.00000762747,0.0003261234,0.000002447977,0.4233474,0.00004870065,0.000177547,0.0001045154],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9976947,0.00001787897,6.532533e-7,0.0007683966,0.0002974643,0.000844578,0.0002238875,0.00003088772,0.0001216122],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985801,0.00001824844,0.00004110946,0.00002735643,0.0001300245,0.00006580659,0.00003251537,0.000002894958,0.001101951],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1845219,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998139,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4387058357","doi":"10.1093/iob/obad036","title":"Understanding Organisms Using Ecological Observatory Networks","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Integrative Organismal Biology","topic":"Species Distribution and Climate Change","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Battelle; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Ecology; Abiotic component; Biodiversity; Observatory; Geography; Population; Neon; Ecosystem; Biology; Environmental resource management; Environmental science; Environmental health; Medicine","authors":[{"name":"Ben Dantzer","is_ca":false},{"name":"Karen E. Mabry","is_ca":false},{"name":"Joey R. Bernhardt","is_ca":true},{"name":"Robert M. Cox","is_ca":false},{"name":"Clinton D. Francis","is_ca":false},{"name":"Cameron K. Ghalambor","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kim L. Hoke","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sachida Jha","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ellen D. Ketterson","is_ca":false},{"name":"Nicholas A. Levis","is_ca":false},{"name":"Katie McCain","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gail L. Patricelli","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sara H. Paull","is_ca":false},{"name":"Noa Pinter‐Wollman","is_ca":false},{"name":"Rebecca J. Safran","is_ca":false},{"name":"Tonia S. Schwartz","is_ca":false},{"name":"Heather L. Throop","is_ca":false},{"name":"Luis Zaman","is_ca":false},{"name":"Lynn B. Martin","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1963899710435931,"gpt":0.3053561746685615,"spread":0.1089662036249684,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002173493,0.0001893225,0.000205613,0.00003617449,0.000274859,0.00002786463,0.0002411616,0.0002254854,0.1189511],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001149167,0.0001402994,0.00006165896,0.0007140602,0.0004871597,0.000083575,0.0003191727,0.00021912,0.00449257],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001465538,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001487576,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008076453,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002969175,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987471,0.0001269774,0.0001963441,0.0003664811,0.00009647536,0.000466609],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995392,0.0001273318,0.00007226742,0.0001437784,0.00001365688,0.0001037878],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005159193,0.0001699326,0.3316842,0.000004361578,0.00006801087,0.00009269897,0.001123146,0.0002640508,0.4984479,0.1216468,0.04614761,0.000299798],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001842297,0.001369091,0.8047076,0.00003087665,0.00009072718,0.0001199324,0.06070673,0.01148831,0.03461101,0.03096704,0.05208697,0.00197944],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9624717,0.0000132674,0.01531722,0.0005783794,0.0006076019,0.0001720888,0.00005128974,0.0003088367,0.02047957],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985229,0.00003808288,0.0001211988,0.0006615105,0.00005920622,0.000007729841,0.0001206528,0.00001699565,0.0004516585],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4730234,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9962825,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2999948442","doi":"10.1093/iob/obz031","title":"Cardiac Performance of Free-Swimming Wild Sockeye Salmon during the Reproductive Period","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Integrative Organismal Biology","topic":"Fish Ecology and Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University; University of British Columbia; Fisheries and Oceans Canada; Carleton University","funders":"Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Dominance (genetics); Biology; Heart rate; Population; Demography; Reproductive success; Reproduction; Reproductive behavior; Ecology; Zoology; Endocrinology; Research methodology; Blood pressure","authors":[{"name":"Tanya S. Prystay","is_ca":true},{"name":"Robert de Bruijn","is_ca":true},{"name":"Kathryn S. Peiman","is_ca":true},{"name":"S. G. Hinch","is_ca":true},{"name":"D. Patterson","is_ca":true},{"name":"Anthony P. Farrell","is_ca":true},{"name":"Erika J. Eliason","is_ca":false},{"name":"Steven J. Cooke","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.003958679587272447,"gpt":0.1951217439476949,"spread":0.1911630643604225,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002547805,0.000164032,0.0002681958,0.00002696398,0.0002321077,0.000005125462,0.0003780876,0.00008532271,0.001528763],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001260962,0.00009944267,0.00006178366,0.000169625,0.0006703748,0.0001207887,0.0006472994,0.0002186409,0.0005104317],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009692551,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000782851,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001549552,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001921478,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989429,0.0001186702,0.0001913529,0.0004099028,0.00007930321,0.0002578295],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993605,0.00005973642,0.0001324013,0.0004084219,0.0000210319,0.00001788412],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005467908,0.00002896728,0.9171705,0.000009819499,0.00006956839,8.795082e-7,0.003679857,0.00001505616,0.07715701,0.0006382334,0.0009656684,0.0002098071],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001940446,0.0003757672,0.9310539,0.000008750483,0.00002133384,0.000002932577,0.00537838,0.00001364081,0.05966315,0.0003293788,0.002815914,0.0001428276],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9851492,0.00004643694,0.00001240886,0.0009615131,0.000417173,0.0003470947,0.00001454529,0.0000264743,0.01302513],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972394,0.00006191231,0.0001556167,0.0001461945,0.00005179426,0.00002635008,0.000004864664,0.000009844685,0.002304006],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01749386,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999384,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1550149305","doi":"10.1002/9781118398814.ch15","title":"Biological Timekeeping: Individual Variation, Performance, and Fitness","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"Integrative Organismal Biology","topic":"Circadian rhythm and melatonin","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Chronobiology; Circadian rhythm; Rhythm; Biology; Bacterial circadian rhythms; Biological clock; Diversification (marketing strategy); Variation (astronomy); Ecology; Evolutionary biology; Population; Seasonality; Organism; Neuroscience; Circadian clock; Medicine; Internal medicine","authors":[{"name":"Scott A. MacDougall‐Shackleton","is_ca":true},{"name":"Heather E. Watts","is_ca":false},{"name":"Thomas P. Hahn","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02608423607588499,"gpt":0.2562035959559393,"spread":0.2301193598800543,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001723976,0.0004115258,0.0005368629,0.0002778818,0.0001180273,0.00004079128,0.0003250542,0.000830023,0.003573644],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005226287,0.0002884671,0.00005531707,0.0002147363,0.0006842888,0.00003836714,0.0001694849,0.0004881507,0.001008602],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002854942,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007996607,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002432123,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001135517,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980972,0.0003461417,0.0002625559,0.0008008316,0.00009743401,0.0003958181],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990543,0.0002888441,0.0002532887,0.0002464584,0.00003167339,0.0001254688],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007707014,0.0001731505,0.01587947,0.00008842612,0.0001509686,0.00004111863,0.002213161,3.750209e-7,0.174561,0.6631206,0.1188248,0.02486993],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005933515,0.0006162497,0.01234449,0.00009486698,0.00003608596,0.0001554301,0.00004595028,0.00002659366,0.04977229,0.0008524772,0.9348056,0.0006565546],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1212436,0.0009475346,0.003470484,0.0005085438,0.002442198,0.001032675,0.0007473146,0.0007969058,0.8688108],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8314741,0.0007488629,0.0006366894,0.001621096,0.0009980489,0.00005462906,0.0001528266,0.00028498,0.1640288],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8159809,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999567,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402857736","doi":"10.1093/iob/obae037","title":"Ocean Planning and Conservation in the Age of Climate Change: A Roundtable Discussion","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Integrative Organismal Biology","topic":"Coastal and Marine Management","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada; Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"Division of Chemical, Bioengineering, Environmental, and Transport Systems; Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia; H2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions; Havs- och Vattenmyndigheten; International Council for the Exploration of the Sea; European Commission; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Globe; Climate change; Leverage (statistics); Environmental planning; Marine spatial planning; Environmental resource management; Geography; Political science; Oceanography; Computer science; Environmental science; Psychology; Geology","authors":[{"name":"Catarina Frazão Santos","is_ca":false},{"name":"Tundi Agardy","is_ca":false},{"name":"Larry B. Crowder","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jon Day","is_ca":false},{"name":"Amber Himes‐Cornell","is_ca":false},{"name":"Malin L. Pinsky","is_ca":false},{"name":"Julie Reimer","is_ca":true},{"name":"Elena Gissi","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02355231283019909,"gpt":0.2765838417804606,"spread":0.2530315289502615,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001888744,0.00006954585,0.0000801429,0.00002865695,0.00003322601,0.00002840036,0.00007760783,0.0000261179,0.0001144084],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001664514,0.00003030642,0.00001252369,0.0001628089,0.0001061684,0.0001349406,0.0004626709,0.00008179779,0.00001385312],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003639342,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000216185,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009791519,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007534095,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995373,0.00006589419,0.00009953129,0.000147458,0.00004047554,0.0001092712],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998613,0.00005108783,0.00001990683,0.0000561506,0.000002131962,0.000009400314],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006956112,0.00007142258,0.6832836,0.00007154726,0.0000201193,0.0001099811,0.02549124,0.00000811986,0.05432248,0.09812619,0.001708953,0.1367168],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005920905,0.001146192,0.779609,0.0003204516,0.00004786718,0.00004637618,0.01841692,0.001956901,0.004444635,0.09110148,0.1018651,0.0004529869],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9726059,0.0001328489,0.001397892,0.009881565,0.0001353881,0.0003327457,0.00001692971,0.00002648429,0.01547022],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990563,0.00004724768,0.00008711078,0.0003610973,0.00001496906,0.00000578759,0.00002064946,0.000003435749,0.0004033434],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1362638,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1480191,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4390028768","doi":"10.1093/iob/obad041","title":"Sex and State-Dependent Effects on Proactive Behaviors of Bent-Wing Bats Across Contexts","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Integrative Organismal Biology","topic":"Bat Biology and Ecology Studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Terry Fox Research Institute; National Science and Technology Council","keywords":"Wing; Bent molecular geometry; State (computer science); Evolutionary biology; Biology; Psychology; Computer science; Engineering; Structural engineering","authors":[{"name":"Y-J Kuo","is_ca":false},{"name":"YF Lee","is_ca":false},{"name":"Y-M Kuo","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yuling Tai","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01612421368438651,"gpt":0.2727131015595183,"spread":0.2565888878751318,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002972264,0.0002288629,0.0004306026,0.0000227999,0.0003072667,0.000009903767,0.0001655078,0.0002524705,0.00006733764],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002097755,0.00008341954,0.00006002693,0.0002226233,0.0005010474,0.00004636776,0.0002011953,0.0002550723,0.0000760312],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000232036,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008091456,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001722399,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001620501,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998575,0.0002795901,0.0002248062,0.0004401397,0.00005783106,0.0004226766],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985653,0.001118754,0.0001192645,0.00004900685,0.00008631689,0.00006137504],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001267182,0.00008069209,0.2666756,0.000005144243,0.000132764,0.00001706488,0.002545557,1.825652e-7,0.6724499,0.0007163017,0.0001167085,0.05713334],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002234817,0.001942254,0.6128796,0.00001325866,0.00001329346,0.00000552915,0.003347412,0.000001152213,0.3801179,0.001118358,0.0001945786,0.0001431287],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.998031,0.0001130211,0.000002169986,0.0007617358,0.0002788395,0.0003355708,0.0002053971,0.00008588206,0.0001863553],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990683,0.0001185191,0.00001096336,0.0002180525,0.00006294384,0.00005157305,0.00006952452,0.000001825366,0.0003983436],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.346204,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.340175,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4394854878","doi":"10.1093/iob/obae011","title":"Morphological Diversity and Evolution of Jaw Morphologies in Zeiform Fishes (Teleostei, Paracanthopterygii)","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Integrative Organismal Biology","topic":"Ichthyology and Marine Biology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Field Museum; Florida Museum of Natural History; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Biology; Morphometrics; Teleostei; Morphology (biology); Evolutionary biology; Evolutionary developmental biology; Ecomorphology; Anatomy; Zoology; Ecology; Habitat","authors":[{"name":"John W. Peters","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kevin K. Duclos","is_ca":true},{"name":"M V H Wilson","is_ca":false},{"name":"Terry Grande","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01183093509212581,"gpt":0.233448797868745,"spread":0.2216178627766191,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002620297,0.0001675724,0.0002774139,0.00008339371,0.0001217339,0.000004652073,0.000202406,0.0003093,0.001513627],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001683086,0.0001112323,0.00004284976,0.0002070735,0.001419165,0.0001091435,0.001359216,0.0002839303,0.0001630765],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000140062,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001457577,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002717258,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00143757,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988948,0.0001754721,0.0002172325,0.0004047267,0.00004563119,0.0002621546],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995728,0.0002280618,0.00004266294,0.0001092048,0.00001044128,0.00003685459],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008725931,0.00004587296,0.916253,0.000006334805,0.00001907784,0.0000846675,0.0008683423,0.000003324109,0.0667325,0.01215903,0.0002673635,0.003473202],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002179832,0.0008305991,0.9691271,0.00001257444,0.00001610175,0.0001751343,0.0007616977,0.0000950074,0.01146988,0.01596257,0.001151203,0.0001801257],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.994562,0.0002586734,0.0005772347,0.0005561288,0.000247962,0.0001336542,0.00002626486,0.00004954901,0.003588524],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991037,0.00009841257,0.0004557388,0.00011425,0.00001523634,0.000008131031,0.00001410263,0.000004758112,0.0001856618],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05526263,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993991,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4210827028","doi":"10.1093/iob/obac003","title":"Tough and Stretchy: Mechanical Properties of the Alimentary Tract in a Fish Without a Stomach","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Integrative Organismal Biology","topic":"Ichthyology and Marine Biology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Friday Harbor Laboratories; Strong; University of Washington; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Alimentary tract; Stomach; Fish <Actinopterygii>; Gastrointestinal tract; Digestive tract; Anatomy; Fishery; Biology; Medicine; Gastroenterology; Internal medicine","authors":[{"name":"Jaquan M. Horton","is_ca":false},{"name":"John M. Gosline","is_ca":true},{"name":"Emily Carrington","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01022554219333568,"gpt":0.2210450004293564,"spread":0.2108194582360207,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002199824,0.000121977,0.0002081513,0.00002477436,0.0001172579,0.000002051528,0.0002749457,0.00008375927,0.001953136],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000416887,0.00007044017,0.00003347308,0.0001397834,0.0006028966,0.00003543545,0.0008250473,0.0003399061,0.000009124768],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009812654,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002587673,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001705179,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002856171,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998778,0.0005163861,0.0001906544,0.0002648963,0.00005964694,0.0001903776],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997228,0.00004627761,0.00006939402,0.0001328847,0.000005307041,0.00002333531],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001729809,0.0001774585,0.5221685,0.000002119879,0.00002722324,0.000005033008,0.001717303,0.000005475166,0.4719914,0.002639243,0.0001526359,0.0009405296],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001575764,0.003025266,0.5799227,0.0000140099,0.00005965391,0.0003364518,0.007085192,0.0001998838,0.3926782,0.007810502,0.00685911,0.0004332776],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9967972,0.00003200449,0.000007713125,0.002114906,0.0001475859,0.0002325332,0.00002916119,0.00001025351,0.0006286453],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984882,0.000006654293,0.00009050142,0.001138107,0.00001043846,0.00004825291,0.000007109782,0.000006302888,0.0002044525],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.07931323,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9989592,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400666952","doi":"10.1093/iob/obae026","title":"The Soft Palate Enables Extreme Feeding and Explosive Breathing in the Fin Whale (<i>Balaenoptera physalus</i>)","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Integrative Organismal Biology","topic":"Marine animal studies overview","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Balaenoptera; Anatomy; Soft palate; Pharynx; Tongue; Medicine; Biology; Whale; Pathology; Surgery","authors":[{"name":"A. Wayne Vogl","is_ca":true},{"name":"Hannes Petersen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kelsey N. Gil","is_ca":true},{"name":"Robert L. Cieri","is_ca":true},{"name":"Robert E. Shadwick","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02097861042782085,"gpt":0.2464609047394417,"spread":0.2254822943116208,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005072752,0.0002289021,0.0002004049,0.00002405679,0.0003410252,0.0001410575,0.0003756866,0.00007385182,0.0004031764],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001695745,0.0001078638,0.0000488726,0.0002939478,0.0005934578,0.0001758183,0.0005371687,0.0003720077,0.0001826189],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001181758,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001289432,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001535888,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004552025,"domain_scores_codex":[0.99864,0.0002332749,0.0002252724,0.0004207614,0.0001154016,0.0003653037],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989605,0.0007902757,0.00004723795,0.0001563399,0.00001167446,0.00003396659],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001096614,0.0001625399,0.251223,0.00009565456,0.0002687786,0.0003739237,0.1161196,0.00001103279,0.2200334,0.05152236,0.01028816,0.3497919],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001025372,0.001847267,0.2571751,0.000585525,0.0001584085,0.0004768633,0.08072872,0.002065759,0.02555983,0.06439867,0.5642955,0.001682922],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9780181,0.003688307,0.000290408,0.005947859,0.0002525246,0.0003938113,0.00001443135,0.00006805115,0.01132648],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973084,0.001264912,0.0001690212,0.0007866402,0.00008227737,0.00005610163,0.000003583338,0.00001611518,0.0003128994],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5540074,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4414499,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400378223","doi":"10.1093/iob/obae020","title":"Morphology and Mechanics of the Fin Whale Esophagus: The Key to Fast Processing of Large Food Volumes by Rorquals","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Integrative Organismal Biology","topic":"Marine animal studies overview","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Esophagus; Anatomy; Stomach; Baleen; Predation; Swallowing; Fish fin; Biology; Whale; Medicine; Fishery; Ecology; Surgery; Fish <Actinopterygii>","authors":[{"name":"Kelsey N. Gil","is_ca":true},{"name":"A W Vogl","is_ca":true},{"name":"R E Shadwick","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01109057102379744,"gpt":0.2512782077034892,"spread":0.2401876366796918,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002769214,0.0001593199,0.0002642062,0.00001770089,0.0001088452,0.00001255878,0.0003652994,0.00008418402,0.0007779308],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001824678,0.00007773993,0.00005105163,0.0003420751,0.0003304271,0.00005085796,0.0008656345,0.0001727796,0.00004081214],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004637331,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002080733,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000549193,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002094806,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989607,0.0001669704,0.0002510089,0.0003043072,0.00009532399,0.0002217446],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995422,0.0001415348,0.0000954792,0.0001630263,0.000026134,0.0000315757],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007741882,0.0002577572,0.1062955,0.0001812603,0.0002734416,0.000005860852,0.02433646,0.000005954071,0.7293387,0.04724377,0.01803379,0.07395003],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006532799,0.004804809,0.07030062,0.0002770577,0.0001845241,0.00008229558,0.01360966,0.001128417,0.8133541,0.0153551,0.0795201,0.000729994],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.986773,0.007321724,0.001729111,0.00275251,0.000139888,0.0003674536,0.0002063938,0.00002040493,0.0006895011],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987258,0.0001153192,0.000256255,0.0005849728,0.00001527932,0.00001925386,0.000002978834,0.00001206978,0.0002680354],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08401541,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8517796,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416354999","doi":"10.1093/iob/obaf043","title":"The Internal Otic Region of Oromerycids (Artiodactyla, Oromerycidae), Early Camelids (Artiodactyla, Camelidae), and the Vicuña (Artiodactyla, Camelidae), Including Notes on Intraspecific and Subadult Ontogenetic Variation","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Integrative Organismal Biology","topic":"Evolution and Paleontology Studies","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Society of Vertebrate Paleontology; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; American Museum of Natural History","keywords":"Morphology (biology); Ontogeny; Ossicles; Intraspecific competition; Skull; Variation (astronomy); Taxon","authors":[{"name":"Selina Viktor Robson","is_ca":true},{"name":"Andreas Prokop","is_ca":true},{"name":"Craig Baird","is_ca":false},{"name":"Joshua A. Ludtke","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sharese Tucker","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jessica M. Theodor","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01229813200328964,"gpt":0.2401569750889537,"spread":0.2278588430856641,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009443719,0.0005007421,0.0007563057,0.0002663774,0.001105752,0.0001470727,0.0004425917,0.0003100706,0.0002197584],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001495853,0.0002666532,0.0001325326,0.0005420648,0.003208729,0.0001778943,0.000102711,0.0006542093,0.00005418608],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000476052,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001435592,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006220109,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.04508937,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9964873,0.001165628,0.000847029,0.0006798119,0.0002307472,0.0005894538],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9944788,0.00418696,0.0004558794,0.000397179,0.0003571405,0.0001241084],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001741271,0.00005519221,0.8983347,0.00004673902,0.0005610593,0.00001274839,0.009892288,0.00002371191,0.004720537,0.05159688,0.0004208237,0.03259407],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001755068,0.0008763,0.9769562,0.0001271232,0.0001450915,0.00005651634,0.003170945,0.0004697796,0.003055939,0.01246263,0.0006088087,0.000315559],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9797834,0.006166467,0.001712747,0.007900706,0.0007684479,0.0006201211,0.00004959838,0.00005893177,0.002939613],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9964748,0.00221268,0.0002267354,0.0006687992,0.0001281932,0.00002172153,0.00002728782,0.00001023546,0.0002295459],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.07862156,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999785,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2904617194","doi":"10.1093/iob/oby005","title":"Integrative Organismal Biology—A Journal We Want and Need","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Integrative Organismal Biology","topic":"Health and Medical Research Impacts","field":"Medicine","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Biology; Evolutionary biology; Environmental ethics; Data science; Computer science; Philosophy","authors":[{"name":"Adam P. Summers","is_ca":false},{"name":"Richard W. Blob","is_ca":false},{"name":"Marguerite A. Butler","is_ca":false},{"name":"C. G. Farmer","is_ca":false},{"name":"Carol A. Fassbinder‐Orth","is_ca":false},{"name":"L. Patricia Hernández","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ignacio T. Moore","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ulrike K. Müller","is_ca":false},{"name":"Richard A. Satterlie","is_ca":false},{"name":"Susan H. Williams","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07488350625718908,"gpt":0.4221622380194804,"spread":0.3472787317622913,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001265,0.000455413,0.0008925958,0.000384624,0.0003974751,0.00004916698,0.0002734641,0.0005863693,0.002527029],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02122733,0.0002490621,0.0001097307,0.0005081936,0.002553831,0.00012489,0.0001866857,0.001839901,0.00052999],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003493878,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004196287,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001563831,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001160661,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9964277,0.0006124645,0.0006379046,0.0005736195,0.0002544422,0.001493938],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9939396,0.0006562678,0.0002057079,0.0002888546,0.001143436,0.003766153],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002223128,0.0004435265,0.02580691,0.00008059307,0.0005008763,0.0003440791,0.01603118,5.801572e-9,0.7389373,0.03492,0.04737165,0.1333408],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01154256,0.05779243,0.01279515,0.001025025,0.0002800974,0.009107199,0.03431878,0.00008710649,0.4889684,0.07394131,0.3088757,0.001266303],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8699245,0.001228593,0.01050394,0.1053983,0.001407838,0.0009545099,0.0001095465,0.0001493106,0.01032342],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.983982,0.001390385,0.003252984,0.00824706,0.001620321,0.00001519863,0.00005253656,0.00004416758,0.001395315],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.261504,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999962,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416719877","doi":"10.1093/iob/obaf045","title":"Oil Droplet Capture by Tunicates","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Integrative Organismal Biology","topic":"Oil Spill Detection and Mitigation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Oil droplet; Benthic zone; Pelagic zone; Waste oil; Petroleum; Seawater; Invertebrate","authors":[{"name":"Katherine Beaudry","is_ca":true},{"name":"Christopher B. Cameron","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.002693331115923979,"gpt":0.2248214158263456,"spread":0.2221280847104216,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007145356,0.0001235355,0.0001205946,0.00002918116,0.0001052151,0.00001390372,0.0001727004,0.0001376545,0.004397882],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009554008,0.00008892937,0.00003603617,0.0002462411,0.0003135455,0.00005660899,0.00006999079,0.0001689338,0.0009617025],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001246022,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001297369,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006041497,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004915594,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993049,0.00008722651,0.0001316589,0.0002692128,0.0000428977,0.0001641019],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997217,0.00004770401,0.00004226706,0.0001320651,0.0000140363,0.00004222359],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001033281,0.00003235748,0.008624009,0.000001473662,0.00001319804,7.397584e-7,0.0002514548,7.909402e-7,0.9268512,0.004924647,0.03004302,0.02924683],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002922385,0.0001157617,0.004391545,0.000009104123,0.00001202763,0.000004647185,0.0006813757,0.00005290852,0.5563576,0.003107753,0.4347939,0.0001810567],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6840787,0.0002556004,0.004804593,0.006883067,0.0006467723,0.00007658848,0.00006303607,0.000175872,0.3030158],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9658375,0.00004819456,0.0003471046,0.001946292,0.00001275133,0.00001529253,0.00004344193,0.000006054634,0.03174337],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4047509,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998162,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4417500654","doi":"10.1093/iob/obaf049","title":"Introducing a Novel Course-Based Undergraduate Research Experience Using Duckweed as a Model System","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Integrative Organismal Biology","topic":"Innovations in Aquaponics and Hydroponics Systems","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"LSU College of Science; East China University of Science and Technology; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Louisiana Board of Regents; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; Directorate for Biological Sciences; Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Undergraduate research; Bridging (networking); Curriculum; Undergraduate student; Environmental research; Focus (optics); Model system; Scalability","authors":[{"name":"James W. Daniels","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mary McCallum","is_ca":false},{"name":"Natalie Neal","is_ca":false},{"name":"Elaine Nkwocha","is_ca":false},{"name":"Simon Machado","is_ca":false},{"name":"H. Carter","is_ca":false},{"name":"Eric Lam","is_ca":false},{"name":"Anna O'Brien","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ningning Wei","is_ca":false},{"name":"Megan E. Frederickson","is_ca":true},{"name":"J. S. Tan","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05899621598934213,"gpt":0.3647051777892664,"spread":0.3057089617999243,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000987566,0.0002475904,0.0003598764,0.0001055367,0.0008190479,0.0001287116,0.0005662985,0.0002587786,0.00004895312],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003141481,0.0001031248,0.0000847085,0.00168178,0.0004059206,0.0000793363,0.0001706311,0.0004871983,0.00004670466],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000407065,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003279588,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001729435,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004556316,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977677,0.0003022604,0.0004728338,0.0006768323,0.0002177023,0.0005625979],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983345,0.0003798387,0.0001455536,0.0001808627,0.0008954543,0.00006384491],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002624259,0.00006863982,0.0003273691,0.000007188011,0.0000202576,0.000001707012,0.0001911786,0.0002450046,0.6134678,0.3851261,0.00006473474,0.0004538157],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008857463,0.0009057656,0.0004564413,0.0005758415,0.00004725228,0.00005144121,0.01897192,0.6681694,0.2732451,0.0304448,0.005395953,0.000850322],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.96636,0.0001299869,0.02272342,0.005437903,0.0005717591,0.000482313,0.00006672733,0.0001228731,0.004105019],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9965779,0.000003520891,0.002202822,0.0003099325,0.0001547772,0.00005606069,0.00005158896,0.000002963579,0.0006404317],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6679244,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6299537,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4388090100","doi":"10.1093/iob/obad038","title":"Patterns of Genetic And Epigenetic Diversity Across A Range Expansion in The White-Footed Mouse (<i>Peromyscus Leucopus</i>)","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Integrative Organismal Biology","topic":"Genetic diversity and population structure","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Compute Canada; Western Canada Research Grid; University of Miami; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Genetic diversity; Biology; Peromyscus; Population; Epigenetics; Evolutionary biology; Range (aeronautics); Ecology; Genetics; Demography; Gene","authors":[{"name":"Tricia L. Rubi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Joyce Rodrigues do Prado","is_ca":false},{"name":"L. Lacey Knowles","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ben Dantzer","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01604730649741241,"gpt":0.2567006278610399,"spread":0.2406533213636275,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002042319,0.0001813455,0.0002103959,0.00006877381,0.000167998,0.00001654265,0.0003377431,0.000240059,0.00003751217],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007870287,0.000126606,0.00006188219,0.0002299918,0.0001626761,0.000005817904,0.0005022032,0.0001391467,0.000008924631],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000009370426,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002692022,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002717341,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009730161,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987925,0.0002667607,0.0002175937,0.0003601345,0.00009867864,0.0002642886],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994741,0.00003277067,0.00009459323,0.0002659493,0.00008724946,0.00004533899],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006663281,0.00002224789,0.7478945,0.00001245749,0.00002856391,0.000006565724,0.006863443,0.00002949923,0.2439297,0.00006868907,0.0001143697,0.0009633258],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008049994,0.0004534402,0.9252825,0.00001012192,0.00001956776,0.00001502356,0.0103604,0.00001403593,0.06195342,0.0002238058,0.0006780697,0.0001846457],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9978057,0.0001753401,0.00110732,0.0002498181,0.0001074328,0.0002351378,0.0002684187,0.00001234513,0.00003851618],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988736,0.0002642889,0.0001750967,0.000220159,0.00004516913,0.000006623333,0.0001893417,0.000009883349,0.0002158259],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1819762,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5162843,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412655890","doi":"10.1093/iob/obaf031","title":"Testing for Differences in Metabolism Among Females and Dimorphic Males of Four Dung Beetle Species (Coloeoptera: Scarabaeinae)","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Integrative Organismal Biology","topic":"Insect-Plant Interactions and Control","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"University of Tennessee; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Sexual dimorphism; Biology; Dung beetle; Zoology; Scarabaeinae; Scarabaeidae; Reproduction; Sexual selection; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"A T Killeffer","is_ca":false},{"name":"J. Morgan Fleming","is_ca":false},{"name":"Anchal Padukone","is_ca":false},{"name":"Nathan Duerr","is_ca":false},{"name":"Katherine Reed","is_ca":false},{"name":"J Merizalde-Toro","is_ca":false},{"name":"Katie E. Marshall","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jorge Celi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kimberly S. Sheldon","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03532826290011534,"gpt":0.2414694140322164,"spread":0.206141151132101,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001359262,0.0001680138,0.0003879554,0.00005589415,0.0001340442,0.00003307521,0.0001627059,0.0001248022,0.00009631245],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003501685,0.00006431779,0.00006344511,0.0002637196,0.0002309376,0.00007845321,0.00006195884,0.0001347194,0.000001673412],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001645506,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000167168,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001070366,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006469032,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990689,0.0001152935,0.000284096,0.0002763263,0.00003769518,0.0002176962],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983589,0.001300446,0.0001224688,0.00003575684,0.0001567248,0.0000256835],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004750687,0.00003384458,0.5019397,0.000007262229,0.00002601482,0.00000145633,0.0001246576,1.098845e-7,0.4827718,0.009087976,0.00001276577,0.005946882],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000184375,0.0003577309,0.9634005,0.00007792683,0.00001905774,0.000004909066,0.001649397,0.00005306795,0.03096326,0.002887558,0.0002860175,0.0001162472],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9974139,0.0003037685,0.00005310411,0.0005470508,0.0001561875,0.0002905354,0.0001165202,0.00002031786,0.001098652],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990506,0.00003028574,0.0002876675,0.00007111704,0.00008883886,0.00006020404,0.00002212852,9.216068e-7,0.0003882475],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4614608,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3609872,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4415405376","doi":"10.1093/iob/obaf037","title":"Fear of Predators Suppresses Neurogenesis in the Brains of Wild Songbirds","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Integrative Organismal Biology","topic":"Animal Vocal Communication and Behavior","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Neurogenesis; Hippocampal formation; Amygdala; Predator; Predation; Hippocampus","authors":[{"name":"Lauren E Witterick","is_ca":true},{"name":"Sandra T. Davidge","is_ca":true},{"name":"Emma Caroline Hobbs","is_ca":true},{"name":"Scott A. MacDougall‐Shackleton","is_ca":true},{"name":"Michael Clinchy","is_ca":true},{"name":"Liana Zanette","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01385744167066811,"gpt":0.3090835376561021,"spread":0.295226095985434,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001549648,0.0001108712,0.0001807057,0.00005985438,0.00003026767,0.000003895522,0.0005001295,0.0001436594,0.00003821235],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002560617,0.00007008959,0.00007034783,0.0002181795,0.0003356204,0.000002375758,0.0001528783,0.0001136561,0.000001822366],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000005880667,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009434408,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001022822,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002701918,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991128,0.0003061838,0.0002497312,0.0001760396,0.00004159528,0.0001135977],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993583,0.00007946217,0.00009212871,0.0003366496,0.0001194309,0.00001402581],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007222624,0.0001357018,0.06780216,0.000008007401,0.00002334693,3.877295e-7,0.0002086286,5.855382e-7,0.922507,0.008036875,0.0003942283,0.0008108011],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002217962,0.0005127873,0.07187042,0.00001285522,0.00001760496,0.000002321066,0.001303139,0.000003101717,0.9198477,0.0002140449,0.00592787,0.00006632914],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9965452,0.0003706282,0.0006615247,0.0006250565,0.00004596717,0.0001558784,0.00005454163,0.000004487495,0.001536746],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989964,0.0001173815,0.0002583945,0.0004064872,0.00001190555,0.00001419906,0.00005461541,0.000006327615,0.000134239],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00782283,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2858171,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408139991","doi":"10.1093/iob/obaf009","title":"Sensory nerve-secreted factors regulate basal keratinocyte function <i>in vitro</i>","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Integrative Organismal Biology","topic":"Nerve injury and regeneration","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Stem Cell Network","keywords":"In vitro; Keratinocyte; Sensory system; Cell biology; Function (biology); Basal (medicine); Anatomy; Biology; Neuroscience; Endocrinology; Biochemistry","authors":[{"name":"Ankita Srivastava","is_ca":true},{"name":"A Noble","is_ca":true},{"name":"Samantha L. Payne","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02158397737286111,"gpt":0.2761489130231904,"spread":0.2545649356503293,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000146973,0.0002919085,0.0003241498,0.0002593199,0.0002096601,0.00004720259,0.0002105324,0.0002875473,0.0001632812],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004306491,0.0002064157,0.00009515165,0.0006035185,0.0002792696,0.0001670766,0.00007708554,0.0004198432,0.00007140726],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001312331,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001075867,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009676251,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007982637,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978939,0.0006666675,0.0003557561,0.0006493588,0.00008701289,0.0003473428],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991842,0.0003194225,0.0001207563,0.0002426306,0.00007918209,0.00005381741],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003172766,0.00005446502,0.0007444041,0.000004937048,0.000009916012,0.00001116686,0.0001611451,0.00001207623,0.9618555,0.03539953,0.0002570593,0.001172468],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000452766,0.000221411,0.002679312,0.00001531322,0.00001235579,0.000004297288,0.0001767766,0.0004645563,0.9897005,0.004497879,0.00157682,0.0001980298],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9878573,0.00006758247,0.005675138,0.0007207016,0.001718865,0.0002964781,0.00007373979,0.0001278006,0.003462408],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.993351,0.00001220536,0.0001706085,0.001240208,0.0001048095,0.00001991851,0.00007746113,0.00001699399,0.005006728],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03090165,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8417389,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}