{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":6,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":6,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"47bd7e118ab9","filters":{"venue":"International Business"}},"results":[{"id":"W2493149626","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-7506-7983-1.50022-x","title":"Chicago Food and Beverage CompanyIHRM and Expatriation Management: The Challenges of Managing International Assignments","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"International Business","topic":"Wine Industry and Tourism","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec en Outaouais","funders":"","keywords":"Business","authors":[{"name":"Virgínia Bodolica","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03504123959751231,"gpt":0.23951535606489,"spread":0.2044741164673777,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006959275,0.0006091932,0.0002271326,0.001059767,0.007233223,0.01284031,0.0008750345,0.002652826,0.03697624],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007892674,0.0002995475,0.0001371515,0.00184902,0.003109066,0.005517353,0.002749639,0.004495218,0.004451244],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.006159314,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01301652,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.04238781,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1895298,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996108,0.00009591137,0.000008679755,0.00004171916,0.0001524893,0.00009031719],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993163,0.00008087277,0.00003298234,0.00001635557,0.00009717263,0.0004561842],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001015767,0.00008658417,0.0006038952,0.00004839861,0.000001690692,0.0001316197,0.004829063,0.0001381679,0.0001083386,0.1306698,0.7326102,0.1307621],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000001892419,0.000008404607,0.0007280362,0.0001595105,9.571045e-7,0.00004480519,0.006026228,0.0001047742,0.00005957204,0.0100597,0.9827994,0.000006770083],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.005212396,0.03285574,0.0009197487,0.0612089,0.003881167,0.0000337645,0.00003898933,0.0001155973,0.8957338],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0405657,0.0172601,0.0008438044,0.004592391,0.001022689,0.00004231435,0.00005399545,0.00007468973,0.9355444],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04238781,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1236979,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4229809550","doi":"10.4018/978-1-4666-9814-7.ch094","title":"Effect of Globalization on Multicultural Consumer Behavior","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"International Business","topic":"Consumer Behavior in Brand Consumption and Identification","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Multiculturalism; Scope (computer science); Salient; Globalization; Field (mathematics); Political science; Consumer behaviour; Sociology; Marketing; Business; Pedagogy; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Lalita A. Manrai","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ajay K. Manrai","is_ca":false},{"name":"Tarek Mady","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01927716089660182,"gpt":0.2686322169735945,"spread":0.2493550560769927,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008296386,0.0002115495,0.0001733135,0.0004489027,0.0006630468,0.001464701,0.0001757625,0.0003209763,0.010735],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001936588,0.0001013766,0.0003644028,0.0006074049,0.0008834473,0.0008372615,0.001599556,0.0006101633,0.0003725303],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007810508,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005322085,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004192022,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006381251,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994869,0.0003242827,0.00001085211,0.00004638865,0.00006893976,0.00006257229],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985247,0.0006684461,0.0002989967,0.00007003382,0.0001180553,0.0003196821],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006310898,0.0006797728,0.7607851,0.0003237558,0.0002678436,0.001057686,0.0301677,0.0003982998,0.0008933497,0.02250544,0.007693756,0.1745962],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009966119,0.0001174112,0.9721345,0.0001859891,0.00007073797,0.0001725201,0.01337797,0.0001829425,0.000214346,0.002211288,0.0113049,0.00001739039],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9184337,0.00453,0.0001257623,0.002204734,0.00008244995,0.00001506829,0.00009961063,0.00001020802,0.07449854],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9918534,0.002880555,0.0001238178,0.0003748983,0.00003667489,0.00001258662,0.00005779726,0.000008969482,0.004651348],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.010735,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03591216,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4239550648","doi":"10.4018/978-1-4666-9814-7.ch106","title":"Technology-Intensive Suppliers as a Key Element for Structural Change in Latin America","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"International Business","topic":"International Business and FDI","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Business; Diversification (marketing strategy); Industrialisation; Industrial organization; Developing country; Commodity; Context (archaeology); Competitive advantage; Marketing; Economic growth; Economics; Market economy","authors":[{"name":"Yonni Ángel Cuero Acosta","is_ca":false},{"name":"Utz Dornberger","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02048773847114203,"gpt":0.2549593237338628,"spread":0.2344715852627207,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007718278,0.0001630761,0.0001717573,0.001016623,0.002074403,0.001973424,0.0004187556,0.0005876046,0.007190308],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001110615,0.0001813392,0.0001787885,0.002034058,0.001485555,0.001495566,0.001494242,0.0005941101,0.0002258242],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003474781,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002374483,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03699093,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.05748064,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997392,0.00007810614,0.00001078047,0.00004159559,0.0000392972,0.00009105349],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995116,0.0001383772,0.0001363564,0.00002889887,0.0001110892,0.0000737988],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004291382,0.000356277,0.2927757,0.001387802,0.00007150454,0.006783424,0.1779647,0.001162703,0.01033568,0.2081914,0.01321965,0.2873221],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003869153,0.0001290959,0.4286228,0.0009334428,0.00006685424,0.001467823,0.167226,0.0008689532,0.001526059,0.01604746,0.3830304,0.00004254267],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.8346459,0.00679928,0.001197659,0.01201108,0.00004470409,0.00005819275,0.0001844115,0.00005088316,0.145008],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9813763,0.004573326,0.001088539,0.0007415227,0.00002917333,0.00002830911,0.0001168558,0.00001755846,0.0120285],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03699093,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.07355124,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4255828635","doi":"10.4018/978-1-4666-9814-7.ch099","title":"Towards an Interactive E-Government System in Sub-Saharan Africa","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"International Business","topic":"E-Government and Public Services","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Brock University","funders":"","keywords":"Government (linguistics); Strengths and weaknesses; Information and Communications Technology; Salient; Service delivery framework; E-Government; Service (business); Political science; Business; Key (lock); Economic growth; Public relations; Marketing; Economics; Computer science; Computer security","authors":[{"name":"Charles Conteh","is_ca":true},{"name":"Greg Smith","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02385907354562095,"gpt":0.2757085950542564,"spread":0.2518495215086354,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009152282,0.0002637385,0.0001547797,0.0007191217,0.004313789,0.006394153,0.0006859226,0.001964272,0.01058565],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009772987,0.0002490715,0.000201237,0.001373146,0.002132744,0.005949783,0.003630887,0.001981864,0.002508132],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003169966,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004497297,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005085549,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007137722,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994693,0.0002431652,0.00002305113,0.00003872704,0.0001062642,0.0001195578],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998124,0.00006760334,0.000016517,0.00001126194,0.0000335539,0.00005851424],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000327961,0.00008563425,0.001116137,0.0005237943,0.000008473912,0.002832741,0.06458834,0.0009004235,0.002762889,0.7219235,0.04377417,0.1614511],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006115155,0.00001694821,0.0006660799,0.0003582313,0.000005361941,0.0004939445,0.01357632,0.0003812658,0.0005895015,0.01769089,0.9662074,0.000007801066],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.08020078,0.03403956,0.01843628,0.03155982,0.001472714,0.0002847091,0.00009680099,0.0004418197,0.8334676],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5254843,0.05488512,0.04446455,0.006273922,0.0003966105,0.000358439,0.0002515592,0.0002657608,0.3676197],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01058565,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03541249,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4248424834","doi":"10.4018/978-1-4666-9814-7.ch044","title":"Understanding the Weak Performance of Technology in Urban Management","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"International Business","topic":"Urban and Rural Development Challenges","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Appropriation; Ethnography; Section (typography); Obsolescence; Politics; Context (archaeology); Sociology; Urban planning; Knowledge management; Management science; Regional science; Political science; Public relations; Engineering; Epistemology; Geography; Computer science; Civil engineering; Business; Marketing","authors":[{"name":"Claire Simonneau","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06568084400585664,"gpt":0.2662969312969075,"spread":0.2006160872910508,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002799863,0.0004699805,0.0002751581,0.002395698,0.003576008,0.01034029,0.001109329,0.001591939,0.004438575],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004663991,0.0002437055,0.0001298312,0.004370139,0.02533976,0.01164255,0.004765212,0.001763697,0.0005169117],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.005843342,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002656487,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003886311,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004607929,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981449,0.001219166,0.000045531,0.0001138469,0.0002628252,0.0002136823],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9969298,0.002490916,0.0002500508,0.0001203,0.0001285558,0.0000803549],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000111834,0.00001116459,0.001031325,0.000154243,0.000003273374,0.0002311818,0.04108972,0.0009897572,0.0002571652,0.9155825,0.001383552,0.03925493],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000612406,0.00005523078,0.003736405,0.0008231541,0.000008496645,0.0002737142,0.1080742,0.00188134,0.0009316863,0.5906702,0.2935201,0.00001950991],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1820013,0.03444929,0.01813065,0.06230406,0.000312106,0.00004486658,0.00003650773,0.00004964284,0.7026716],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9586844,0.01526551,0.002134924,0.0007038606,0.0001603542,0.00004626275,0.00001554725,0.00003143511,0.02295759],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01034029,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04239661,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4238418768","doi":"10.4018/978-1-4666-9814-7.ch053","title":"Reverse Innovation and the Bottom of the Pyramid Proposition","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"International Business","topic":"Innovation and Socioeconomic Development","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"HEC Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Bottom of the pyramid; Prosperity; Multinational corporation; Relevance (law); Proposition; Pyramid (geometry); Reverse logistics; Industrial organization; Business; Economics; Political science; Marketing; Economic growth; Supply chain","authors":[{"name":"Nebojša Radojević","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jahan Ara Peerally","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01204815668077651,"gpt":0.2058017005004946,"spread":0.1937535438197181,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001587486,0.0003127035,0.000295674,0.001491563,0.004313309,0.006482321,0.0008917387,0.002537549,0.009315498],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002698404,0.0002160734,0.0006654311,0.001752826,0.01617434,0.007528417,0.004901594,0.003965843,0.000859914],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.004420088,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002964879,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004512967,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004831274,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981932,0.0004066113,0.00004399723,0.0001753705,0.0007917859,0.0003889842],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987904,0.000690504,0.00008892231,0.0001691979,0.0001917874,0.00006912653],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002436574,0.000006485199,0.0001370048,0.0000121451,0.000001036563,0.0001540354,0.001205771,0.0001382209,0.00005011873,0.9933538,0.001362283,0.003576549],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008527649,0.00002920922,0.001182783,0.0001279859,0.00001343602,0.0007048456,0.004309645,0.00190863,0.0005887566,0.8801155,0.1109922,0.00001857386],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.0490582,0.001262466,0.01441276,0.01263497,0.0001402668,0.00006795776,0.00004945976,0.0000763134,0.9222975],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9545431,0.001431796,0.004183463,0.001994069,0.00009279175,0.00006374619,0.00004862888,0.00003520507,0.03760726],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.009315498,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0320701,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}