{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":269,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":269,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"query_hash":"3879bd28881e","filters":{"venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids"}},"results":[{"id":"W1975932797","doi":"10.1002/(sici)1097-0363(20000330)32:6<725::aid-fld935>3.0.co;2-4","title":"Anisotropic mesh adaptation: towards user-independent, mesh-independent and solver-independent CFD. Part I: general principles","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Computational Fluid Dynamics and Aerodynamics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":254,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université Laval; Concordia University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Centre de Recherches Mathématiques; Université du Québec à Chicoutimi","keywords":"Solver; Polygon mesh; Finite element method; Mesh generation; Computational fluid dynamics; Finite volume method; Inviscid flow; Computer science; Volume mesh; Adaptive mesh refinement; Convergence (economics); Mathematical optimization; T-vertices; Interpolation (computer graphics); Computational science; Applied mathematics; Geometry; Mathematics; Mechanics; Physics; Engineering; Structural engineering; Artificial intelligence","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03316569305121379,"gpt":0.3356422439219248,"spread":0.302476550870711,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001042772,0.0004035344,0.0004752382,0.000322016,0.0001703323,0.0003725882,0.0006491736,0.0002080503,0.0007198709],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001617115,0.0004025291,0.0002752742,0.0002208618,0.00006043601,0.0004214858,0.0001263398,0.0006179107,0.00001622043],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006003539,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001288167,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000478338,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003982843,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9967544,0.0002029248,0.001066837,0.0004700839,0.0009812686,0.0005244937],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987403,0.0003289239,0.0001133867,0.000206337,0.0003080499,0.000303064],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003134684,0.0002665027,0.002015756,0.00004427205,0.0006693088,0.0002210719,0.0005096797,0.3855273,0.002782268,0.0437314,0.0009376602,0.5629813],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001605738,0.0001404259,0.01123899,0.00006275927,0.00004047552,0.0005028478,0.00007337733,0.9413841,0.0002260273,0.009554354,0.03471596,0.0004549591],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.1507311,0.0005258165,0.841624,0.0005158803,0.004443523,0.0003448502,0.0001055321,0.0001259341,0.001583407],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.3953355,0.002487363,0.5965868,0.0004048233,0.001845561,0.0001171264,0.000124187,0.000157288,0.002941387],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5625263,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998426,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2146406271","doi":"10.1002/fld.2132","title":"A weakly compressible MPS method for modeling of open‐boundary free‐surface flow","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Fluid Dynamics Simulations and Interactions","field":"Engineering","cited_by":217,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"","keywords":"Free surface; Inflow; Compressibility; Mechanics; Boundary (topology); Boundary value problem; Outflow; Surface (topology); Flow (mathematics); Computational fluid dynamics; Particle method; Mathematics; Applied mathematics; Geometry; Physics; Mathematical analysis; Meteorology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04961603017408806,"gpt":0.4391436566912822,"spread":0.3895276265171942,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001178729,0.0001870391,0.0003957614,0.0002698499,0.0001153694,0.0002389174,0.001064125,0.0001034828,0.00007960215],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006161557,0.0001843285,0.0002635399,0.0002214272,0.00001922993,0.0005777113,0.00009309994,0.0003450733,0.000001193895],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002379778,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006270999,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003031561,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003208145,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983096,0.0001260414,0.0008524277,0.0002025023,0.000246751,0.0002627514],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981806,0.000897559,0.00009476828,0.0002172248,0.0005086335,0.0001011792],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001542602,0.0001059954,0.00001478626,0.00001076484,0.0001136172,0.000001510342,0.0001052839,0.902229,0.02928228,0.004267432,0.001862087,0.06185301],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001063844,0.0001469992,0.00003287992,0.00009493798,0.00002270816,0.00004235524,0.00004307194,0.91375,0.001892952,0.07168695,0.01104606,0.0001772667],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.0008899646,0.0003790247,0.9929594,0.0007374903,0.002720959,0.0003626952,0.0001386239,0.00004428695,0.001767495],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.03138947,0.00008780867,0.9678992,0.0001505739,0.00022512,0.00002845647,0.00002349337,0.00003778203,0.0001581009],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.06741951,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.75167,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1993785309","doi":"10.1002/fld.1651","title":"Height functions for applying contact angles to 2D VOF simulations","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Surface Modification and Superhydrophobicity","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":139,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Volume of fluid method; Curvature; Surface tension; Computation; Contact angle; Mechanics; Work (physics); Boundary (topology); Tension (geology); Representation (politics); Surface (topology); Line (geometry); Geometry; Classical mechanics; Mathematics; Physics; Mathematical analysis; Algorithm; Thermodynamics; Flow (mathematics)","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.08444677298992978,"gpt":0.4558886435829789,"spread":0.3714418705930491,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002664244,0.0001541682,0.0002524779,0.0003361039,0.0002687956,0.0001740476,0.0004488829,0.0000901118,0.0005352761],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002129923,0.0001388069,0.0001896303,0.0002562402,0.00003538329,0.000242551,0.00005385681,0.0001711052,0.00003456405],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000323633,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006742336,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003083911,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001336651,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981167,0.0001552595,0.0007080986,0.0002984367,0.000365239,0.000356247],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9966839,0.002241557,0.0001149517,0.0001523884,0.0005876535,0.0002195581],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004798895,0.0001807744,0.001287112,0.00000503946,0.00003379305,0.000004696351,0.0003688947,0.005729605,0.940733,0.003275337,0.001162898,0.046739],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003346631,0.0005615898,0.008184589,0.00009613342,0.000056688,0.0001354896,0.0009996765,0.06984675,0.3949168,0.01750149,0.5035967,0.0007574742],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.1217216,0.0000598974,0.8720709,0.001070753,0.004133281,0.0005112756,0.0001061155,0.00004011335,0.0002860627],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.4484429,0.000003294589,0.5499478,0.0006662327,0.000448578,0.0000871136,0.00001572227,0.00002078929,0.0003676299],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5458161,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5860898,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2127098673","doi":"10.1002/fld.356","title":"Anisotropic mesh adaptation: towards user‐independent, mesh‐independent and solver‐independent CFD. Part II. Structured grids","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Computational Fluid Dynamics and Aerodynamics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":134,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Compute Canada; Université Laval; McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Transonic; Polygon mesh; Computer science; Unstructured grid; Grid; Orthogonality; Solver; Mesh generation; Series (stratigraphy); T-vertices; Computational fluid dynamics; Computational science; Adaptation (eye); Test case; Supersonic speed; Mathematical optimization; Algorithm; Finite element method; Geometry; Mathematics; Computer graphics (images); Engineering; Structural engineering; Aerospace engineering; Aerodynamics; Geology; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03046750455359586,"gpt":0.3224058418963935,"spread":0.2919383373427976,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008335584,0.0004426645,0.0005180229,0.0004288937,0.0002478327,0.0003350998,0.00069866,0.0002482119,0.0006144879],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002966407,0.0004386427,0.0002906589,0.0002748952,0.00006843658,0.0004562203,0.0002297342,0.0007599404,0.000009148374],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006484568,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006153223,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002738278,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003405185,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9966294,0.0001860842,0.001062579,0.0004903768,0.001087909,0.0005436072],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985368,0.0003578899,0.0001557766,0.0002243352,0.0004053458,0.0003198555],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003740288,0.0006009631,0.003042917,0.0001141968,0.001755808,0.0004650248,0.002335164,0.2554558,0.009041864,0.0956551,0.007942007,0.6232171],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001961311,0.0002123637,0.006225089,0.00006553682,0.00005256639,0.0006227168,0.0001496269,0.9578737,0.0002341089,0.01741136,0.01467826,0.0005133308],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.06263777,0.001062462,0.9251432,0.000790649,0.008878735,0.0003814107,0.0001420364,0.000141083,0.0008226956],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6671673,0.001471153,0.3284374,0.0003047651,0.001356463,0.00006964564,0.00007699725,0.0001269872,0.0009892782],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7024179,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998065,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4233241017","doi":"10.1002/fld.357","title":"Anisotropic mesh adaptation: towards user‐independent, mesh‐independent and solver‐independent CFD. Part III. Unstructured meshes","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Computational Fluid Dynamics and Aerodynamics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":123,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University; Université Laval; University of Ottawa; Compute Canada","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Polygon mesh; Solver; Computer science; Computational fluid dynamics; Adaptation (eye); Laminar flow; Computational science; T-vertices; Mesh generation; Flow (mathematics); Finite element method; Geometry; Mathematics; Computer graphics (images); Engineering; Physics; Mechanics; Structural engineering; Optics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03018644253745209,"gpt":0.3206230751065643,"spread":0.2904366325691122,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008558462,0.0004508226,0.0005509002,0.0004237538,0.0001839279,0.0003923423,0.0006964203,0.000247954,0.0005946979],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002682071,0.0004423302,0.0003000322,0.0002761345,0.00007752663,0.0004640883,0.0001701631,0.000718554,0.00001056174],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006124178,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006249677,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000370118,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003500473,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9966004,0.000196139,0.001094793,0.0004944326,0.001072526,0.0005416705],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984494,0.0004493714,0.0001646367,0.0002228052,0.0003969765,0.0003168066],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004301003,0.0004958668,0.002721037,0.0001165211,0.001938171,0.0005060601,0.002335898,0.235818,0.008489917,0.08691777,0.007126856,0.6531038],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002283076,0.0001394028,0.004667723,0.00007183097,0.0000570561,0.0006722233,0.0002141976,0.9625925,0.0002703351,0.01690706,0.01160825,0.0005163361],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.03352479,0.001156643,0.9553941,0.0007062528,0.007580244,0.0003681564,0.00009518541,0.0001380772,0.001036537],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6643425,0.00180257,0.3312891,0.0002981992,0.001142501,0.00006996212,0.00006513254,0.0001227294,0.0008673595],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7267745,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998028,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2917017351","doi":"10.1002/fld.1974","title":"Height functions for applying contact angles to 3D VOF simulations","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Heat Transfer","field":"Engineering","cited_by":99,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; University of New Brunswick","funders":"","keywords":"Volume of fluid method; Curvature; Contact angle; Line (geometry); Surface tension; Boundary (topology); Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Volume (thermodynamics); Function (biology); Geometry; Mathematics; Mathematical analysis; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05203012161947164,"gpt":0.3841687822929471,"spread":0.3321386606734755,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003449132,0.0001601985,0.0002461213,0.0003272404,0.0001793227,0.0000582018,0.0002579623,0.00008645479,0.000107361],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002714056,0.0001555166,0.000200073,0.0001911752,0.00001826644,0.0001666509,0.00001830237,0.0002320958,0.000007259341],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002458739,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003524081,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009654566,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007987957,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998801,0.00004343855,0.0004937937,0.0001684918,0.0002148369,0.0002784387],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998684,0.0007813466,0.00001816089,0.00009684213,0.0002658446,0.0001537448],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004173003,0.0002700262,0.003230513,0.00004584402,0.0005713175,0.00003548115,0.0008702403,0.7021775,0.1054544,0.01477569,0.008301337,0.1638504],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001122407,0.0001675591,0.002213104,0.00004735851,0.00002406143,0.0001229066,0.00003289657,0.8378909,0.001051295,0.00321272,0.1538441,0.0002706705],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.009132434,0.0001767609,0.9858201,0.0004732641,0.003235752,0.0004343796,0.0001633373,0.00006718097,0.0004968416],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.2720368,0.00006877656,0.7264121,0.0002813614,0.0006592381,0.0002178844,0.00003465491,0.00005489774,0.0002343492],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2629043,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6341782,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2170930649","doi":"10.1002/fld.3788","title":"Simulation of the Navier–Stokes equations in three dimensions with a spectral collocation method","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Advanced Numerical Methods in Computational Mathematics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":99,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo; Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Spectral method; Preconditioner; Collocation (remote sensing); Multigrid method; Coordinate system; Chebyshev polynomials; Mathematics; Collocation method; Nonlinear system; Navier–Stokes equations; Conformal map; Boundary (topology); Mathematical analysis; Applied mathematics; Chebyshev filter; Compressibility; Partial differential equation; Geometry; Computer science; Differential equation; Linear system; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04580485341878476,"gpt":0.4197855863094788,"spread":0.3739807328906941,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001020748,0.0001880869,0.0003328742,0.000294279,0.00006706479,0.00004789363,0.0004701999,0.00008498559,0.00005132252],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00313549,0.0001364275,0.0001341177,0.0007262414,0.00007305688,0.000324302,0.00005629213,0.0004249334,0.00000305216],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003571932,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005804727,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001796679,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007141718,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979125,0.0003395485,0.0008507584,0.000177491,0.0004779192,0.0002417274],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9919665,0.007105054,0.0001968045,0.0001818243,0.0004770709,0.00007271871],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002898239,0.00007944821,0.000830952,0.00001699094,0.00005342284,0.000001131923,0.0002059878,0.9341754,0.004485647,0.006500283,0.00001074754,0.053611],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004592633,0.00005467854,0.003916772,0.0001139862,0.00001361399,0.00001730155,0.00006140068,0.7555012,0.001731141,0.2378789,0.0001277972,0.0001239806],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.009294905,0.0001058133,0.9882191,0.0004744742,0.001129002,0.0005740388,0.000008051585,0.00003466199,0.0001599449],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.2723317,0.000007506188,0.727367,0.00005685263,0.00008696572,0.0001040969,0.000002008871,0.00003007226,0.00001379676],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2630368,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5563353,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2100221603","doi":"10.1002/fld.525","title":"A numerical study of the propulsive efficiency of a flapping hydrofoil","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Biomimetic flight and propulsion mechanisms","field":"Engineering","cited_by":94,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Flapping; Computational fluid dynamics; Reynolds number; Aerodynamics; Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Propulsive efficiency; Parametric statistics; Aerospace engineering; Marine engineering; Eulerian path; Motion (physics); Computer science; Physics; Classical mechanics; Propulsion; Engineering; Mathematics; Lagrangian; Applied mathematics; Turbulence; Wing","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03024010990925737,"gpt":0.3624375942520524,"spread":0.332197484342795,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00116168,0.000147583,0.0003295729,0.0001951011,0.00005098292,0.00001983944,0.0005683628,0.0000783717,0.00007832696],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008773005,0.0001000959,0.0001932896,0.0004290307,0.00004163259,0.00006324145,0.00004417748,0.0003190588,0.000001234341],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009077823,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004051307,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001279028,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.584959e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980208,0.0003991436,0.0007641329,0.0001460212,0.0004648445,0.0002050038],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990481,0.0003596032,0.0001489655,0.0001617684,0.0002183139,0.00006332017],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005181165,0.003444251,0.006836359,0.0001904776,0.0009851109,0.00004169981,0.007587537,0.03638264,0.6878332,0.0132613,0.0006597808,0.2422595],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004422241,0.001472846,0.001517325,0.0002910699,0.00009972429,0.0002619559,0.001322982,0.1430191,0.8074193,0.03366646,0.005995431,0.0005115776],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1531536,0.0002569402,0.840739,0.0001122402,0.004393117,0.000435866,0.000004955997,0.00001929228,0.0008849881],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8374708,0.00001121865,0.1623328,0.00002579501,0.00006320832,0.00002780379,3.16174e-7,0.00002115255,0.00004695012],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6843172,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4081793,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2479824424","doi":"10.1002/fld.4267","title":"Validation of the S‐CLSVOF method with the density‐scaled balanced continuum surface force model in multiphase systems coupled with thermocapillary flows","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Heat Transfer","field":"Engineering","cited_by":94,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Volume of fluid method; Mechanics; Isothermal process; Computation; Flow (mathematics); Deformation (meteorology); Chemistry; Statistical physics; Thermodynamics; Physics; Mathematics; Algorithm","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01514072706836235,"gpt":0.3141881703790073,"spread":0.2990474433106449,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00151049,0.0001964867,0.0003586046,0.00009505903,0.00005390976,0.00004803119,0.0004771329,0.000089421,0.000008592385],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001166696,0.0000885454,0.0001153968,0.0002111214,0.00006313748,0.0001530754,0.00002804921,0.0002806905,4.164096e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000203615,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005609601,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003338716,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003277274,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983349,0.0003099286,0.000515618,0.0001779965,0.0004144844,0.000247024],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983192,0.001029844,0.00007372482,0.000199733,0.0003194118,0.00005805943],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005267726,0.00004422102,0.001854256,0.00001890593,0.0001399226,0.000006405737,0.0002189131,0.6463012,0.3474734,0.0009955129,0.00004055479,0.002379963],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002597547,0.00008499341,0.001071085,0.0002464079,0.00002904976,0.00007965291,0.00005285063,0.9743627,0.02048968,0.0007718034,0.00006140875,0.0001528542],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2712993,0.0001001645,0.7270717,0.0006461685,0.0004460383,0.0003377964,0.00001902044,0.00001640758,0.00006337744],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7670911,0.00006611693,0.2325164,0.00005021247,0.0000576447,0.00003615965,0.000001980627,0.00004076848,0.0001395851],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4957918,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3610777,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2089194763","doi":"10.1002/fld.1811","title":"Determination of permeability in fibrous porous media using the lattice Boltzmann method with application to PEM fuel cells","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":93,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Porous medium; Permeability (electromagnetism); Proton exchange membrane fuel cell; Anisotropy; Mechanics; Materials science; Monte Carlo method; Porosity; Physics; Membrane; Chemistry; Composite material; Mathematics; Optics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04719411071519582,"gpt":0.3954458300652137,"spread":0.3482517193500179,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001645203,0.0001895549,0.0003546969,0.0003149902,0.00007601551,0.00003007686,0.0004117619,0.00008401917,0.00001177633],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007282335,0.0001440659,0.00009309353,0.0004658405,0.00007470862,0.0002439702,0.00006684944,0.000308608,0.000001915475],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004119954,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004747061,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005294633,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001990582,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979439,0.0003129683,0.0007685591,0.0002284338,0.0005022853,0.0002438906],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9968868,0.002212029,0.000146016,0.0001943702,0.0004834409,0.00007737953],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006175343,0.0002759056,0.01286273,0.0001156782,0.0001869211,0.00004624768,0.01337922,0.6990139,0.06328095,0.0006931411,0.00008374652,0.209444],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001341945,0.000134727,0.03259005,0.00009441244,0.00005003009,0.0003379268,0.0006384357,0.9433485,0.01446724,0.004786595,0.001860847,0.0003492418],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.09962495,0.0001465556,0.8988444,0.000214058,0.0006204404,0.0003683749,0.00001199571,0.00002941813,0.0001397859],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.3817619,0.00002814899,0.617937,0.00006416172,0.0001321241,0.00003833681,0.000002165633,0.00002547785,0.00001072824],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2821369,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5874835,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2042983009","doi":"10.1002/fld.1240","title":"A combined pFFT‐multipole tree code, unsteady panel method with vortex particle wakes","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Fluid Dynamics Simulations and Interactions","field":"Engineering","cited_by":93,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Solver; Wake; Aerodynamics; Discretization; Computational fluid dynamics; Computer science; Flow (mathematics); Computation; Fast multipole method; Multipole expansion; Vortex; Steady state (chemistry); Potential flow; Tree (set theory); Flapping; Computational science; Simulation; Algorithm; Mechanics; Aerospace engineering; Wing; Physics; Mathematics; Engineering; Mathematical analysis","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03117604357864713,"gpt":0.3718609121013516,"spread":0.3406848685227045,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006511997,0.0002257077,0.0003121541,0.000244954,0.0001123665,0.0001731965,0.0003542145,0.00009241654,0.0001194581],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001999314,0.0001932641,0.0001697716,0.0003045836,0.00004596879,0.0003543218,0.00003103528,0.0003883456,0.00001119623],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003049735,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003469259,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009580538,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005578073,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982374,0.0001708929,0.000697227,0.0002205937,0.0003266869,0.0003472236],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984052,0.000915884,0.00008394484,0.0001673057,0.0003133244,0.0001143819],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003969136,0.000453036,0.00771337,0.00001588217,0.0003412724,0.00004670208,0.000191238,0.8121622,0.06720103,0.01640095,0.001670104,0.0934073],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001728999,0.0001753955,0.006224639,0.00004669701,0.00003319886,0.0001274483,0.000075872,0.9647017,0.006055203,0.007344648,0.01322919,0.000256983],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.01773222,0.0001294829,0.9777277,0.0004695583,0.00161316,0.0002121234,0.00004568425,0.0001187559,0.001951345],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.2891467,0.00002072645,0.7096121,0.00008219818,0.0002876006,0.00006411153,0.00002252908,0.00005427833,0.0007097424],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2714145,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7881082,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2190019316","doi":"10.1002/fld.4214","title":"Implicit large eddy simulation using the high‐order correction procedure via reconstruction scheme","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Turbulent Flows","field":"Engineering","cited_by":75,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Turbulence; Large eddy simulation; Airfoil; Unstructured grid; Applied mathematics; Dissipation; Grid; Vortex; Flow (mathematics); Filter (signal processing); Mathematics; Algorithm; Computer science; Mechanics; Geometry; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03468721962827206,"gpt":0.3795511559202659,"spread":0.3448639362919939,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001073869,0.0001624945,0.0001839795,0.0001988951,0.0001030041,0.0001193597,0.0002495531,0.0001211735,0.00003870098],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005165827,0.0001301889,0.0001017348,0.0002916317,0.00002243346,0.0003125215,0.0000382928,0.0004128852,0.000003924277],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004833933,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005361334,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002253284,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003269825,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986789,0.0001164979,0.0004788354,0.0001619456,0.000315679,0.0002481824],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989533,0.0002561693,0.0000861635,0.0001049277,0.0005014304,0.00009800722],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000647534,0.00003727642,0.001132738,0.00000551803,0.00008162237,0.000002656816,0.0001299057,0.9347939,0.005456454,0.0004368415,0.0002983886,0.05755997],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007221584,0.00004716001,0.0003730351,0.0000373844,0.00001604256,0.0002852119,0.00006019872,0.9880916,0.000432813,0.005909061,0.003871053,0.0001542681],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.04900686,0.0001611258,0.9358433,0.0001642574,0.01446002,0.0001954148,0.000009593523,0.00006086243,0.00009852965],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.43567,0.0000303555,0.5627997,0.0001285834,0.001200728,0.0000254551,0.00001320233,0.00005014838,0.00008178173],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3866632,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5308951,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2100237091","doi":"10.1002/fld.307","title":"Hybrid wavelet collocation–Brinkman penalization method for complex geometry flows","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Image and Signal Denoising Methods","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":68,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Collocation (remote sensing); Wavelet; Mathematics; Collocation method; Range (aeronautics); Simple (philosophy); Boundary (topology); Reynolds number; Flow (mathematics); Applied mathematics; Mathematical analysis; Geometry; Computer science; Turbulence; Mechanics; Physics; Differential equation; Artificial intelligence","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07708807725564273,"gpt":0.4222443938937283,"spread":0.3451563166380855,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004849275,0.0002782246,0.0004756939,0.0007447303,0.0002914107,0.0006936918,0.001924175,0.0001082325,0.0002213278],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003318944,0.0002649835,0.0003777278,0.0006104557,0.00004194247,0.0008799331,0.0002084784,0.0003577101,0.00001568013],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003508129,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006699239,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001690202,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.263671e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9962016,0.001029928,0.00102018,0.0005525147,0.0006948012,0.0005009215],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9950759,0.002955383,0.0003099538,0.0003491734,0.001102065,0.0002075569],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000121196,0.0002494562,0.00005635837,0.00002088066,0.0001350505,0.00003599562,0.0002741897,0.001838284,0.02206682,0.02250778,0.009668386,0.9430256],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001848384,0.0002016516,0.0001988734,0.0000359987,0.00001950463,0.0004987073,0.00001271459,0.819351,0.008643482,0.07308317,0.09581567,0.0002908954],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.0001263701,0.0002783897,0.9908084,0.003706838,0.003890398,0.0004532884,0.00002410077,0.00007714508,0.0006351308],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.001657908,0.00007161783,0.9940585,0.002124019,0.0008008924,0.0001049936,0.00002304195,0.00003951128,0.001119521],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9427347,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999802,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2071701392","doi":"10.1002/fld.1387","title":"On the construction of manufactured solutions for one and two‐equation eddy‐viscosity models","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Turbulent Flows","field":"Engineering","cited_by":63,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Research Canada; Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Turbulence modeling; Turbulence; Compressibility; Convergence (economics); Viscosity; Mechanics; K-epsilon turbulence model; Flow (mathematics); Mathematics; Large eddy simulation; K-omega turbulence model; Applied mathematics; Physics; Thermodynamics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04747471883538723,"gpt":0.3342481157104845,"spread":0.2867733968750972,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007484998,0.0001013309,0.0001568614,0.0001411107,0.00008954544,0.00004778459,0.0001498363,0.00005563248,0.00001423628],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001568056,0.00008112394,0.0001036658,0.00006653339,0.00004718835,0.0001183967,0.00002171647,0.0001673512,3.181743e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001178394,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001326108,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002533897,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003644237,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991084,0.00006777566,0.0003727532,0.0001043372,0.0001868436,0.0001598652],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989413,0.0007477842,0.00006548769,0.00007085986,0.0001439027,0.00003066885],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008423007,0.00005336281,0.00003010558,0.000009482555,0.00006928256,3.702449e-7,0.00003128934,0.5859306,0.00596099,0.3822728,0.0002909091,0.0252666],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004401095,0.00004058625,0.0002001927,0.00002296531,0.00001249729,0.0000125533,0.000005880694,0.6610266,0.001642241,0.3362941,0.0002447164,0.00005761942],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.0262008,0.0001348874,0.9710464,0.0006957353,0.001346685,0.0002259046,0.00005644595,0.00001788257,0.0002752254],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.4562326,0.00005964758,0.5433232,0.00005182795,0.0002317002,0.00004072494,0.00001744265,0.00001736387,0.0000254527],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4300318,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3308138,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2142649766","doi":"10.1002/fld.620","title":"A computational Lagrangian–Eulerian advection remap for free surface flows","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Fluid Dynamics Simulations and Interactions","field":"Engineering","cited_by":61,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Volume of fluid method; Advection; Laminar flow; Unstructured grid; Turbulence; Mechanics; Solver; Computer science; Eulerian path; Finite volume method; Computational fluid dynamics; Flow (mathematics); Geometry; Algorithm; Mathematics; Computational science; Physics; Applied mathematics; Mathematical optimization; Lagrangian; Thermodynamics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02504617989138455,"gpt":0.3741522991609442,"spread":0.3491061192695597,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00085413,0.000183575,0.0002348279,0.0002798164,0.0001421268,0.000138368,0.0003190478,0.0001121874,0.0001597761],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001183962,0.0001895959,0.0002643041,0.0002374558,0.0000214668,0.0003396384,0.00001949192,0.0002928102,0.000007198322],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004092224,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005090709,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000879328,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007164953,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985228,0.0001352472,0.0006247708,0.0001957773,0.0002502141,0.0002712129],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998179,0.001037432,0.00006795276,0.0001397849,0.0004658394,0.0001099557],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007231968,0.00008181997,0.0001433931,0.00001224943,0.0001456758,0.000002751048,0.00009884271,0.9611905,0.00501939,0.01643902,0.003626547,0.01316751],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001186925,0.00007746281,0.0001840428,0.00003335618,0.00001612993,0.0001117563,0.00004598273,0.866545,0.0004448738,0.0491768,0.08198867,0.000189017],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.004686056,0.0001873124,0.9852487,0.00045478,0.007538618,0.0002995911,0.00009447573,0.00008127656,0.001409188],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0724369,0.00004604092,0.9266465,0.000107337,0.0003310337,0.00005619972,0.00004304244,0.00005384046,0.0002791479],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.09464549,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7731497,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1978290639","doi":"10.1002/fld.453","title":"A finite volume method for multicomponent gas transport in a porous fuel cell electrode","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Fuel Cells and Related Materials","field":"Engineering","cited_by":61,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; Simon Fraser University; University of New Brunswick","funders":"","keywords":"Finite volume method; Porous medium; Solver; Mechanics; Discretization; Flow (mathematics); Partial differential equation; Porosity; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Mathematics; Mathematical analysis; Physics; Mathematical optimization","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01894054183511138,"gpt":0.3407523993015423,"spread":0.3218118574664309,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001901375,0.0002383777,0.0004384561,0.0003322333,0.00003606721,0.00005457134,0.0003184271,0.0001893869,0.0001415964],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003377733,0.0002187227,0.0002365739,0.0001704087,0.00001839674,0.0001202798,0.00001128361,0.0004162788,0.000004733275],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002929868,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004600166,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002457209,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002642705,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979669,0.0002489583,0.0008555645,0.0002407331,0.0002299354,0.0004579125],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988331,0.0007243588,0.00008390817,0.0001062525,0.0001288604,0.0001235362],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001097403,0.0009011102,0.0008857457,0.0008435573,0.0004638181,0.0002656105,0.001369092,0.6573361,0.2973434,0.001354499,0.0009913624,0.03714826],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004944484,0.0003103902,0.0002191555,0.000124817,0.00006057038,0.0002804388,0.00007132147,0.7107667,0.05888241,0.03056265,0.193178,0.0005991078],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.003834172,0.00207121,0.9876488,0.000194668,0.004017521,0.0003823041,0.00003493241,0.0000485079,0.001767859],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.05032417,0.001119919,0.9477037,0.0001210614,0.000211446,0.0001240779,0.00001658305,0.00007519476,0.0003038635],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.238461,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8919252,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2129777434","doi":"10.1002/fld.2383","title":"An efficient method for discretizing 3D fractured media for subsurface flow and transport simulations","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Groundwater flow and contamination studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":59,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Discretization; Porous medium; Flow (mathematics); Fracture (geology); Mechanics; Mesh generation; Finite element method; Domain (mathematical analysis); Geology; Planar; Computer science; Geometry; Geotechnical engineering; Mathematics; Porosity; Mathematical analysis; Physics; Engineering; Structural engineering; Computer graphics (images)","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02293190773576976,"gpt":0.3977509190561865,"spread":0.3748190113204168,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00173107,0.0001672179,0.0002501239,0.00009546983,0.0002540362,0.00008629576,0.0003202629,0.00009756249,0.0001455602],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007265458,0.000138089,0.000138116,0.0001002244,0.00008917336,0.0002297106,0.0000394168,0.0002298315,0.000001009404],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009577411,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001495224,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000317644,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007182631,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985282,0.0001165315,0.0004560858,0.0003224612,0.0003121625,0.0002644996],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.997636,0.001880722,0.0001068936,0.0001075378,0.000126237,0.0001426384],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005167138,0.000310263,0.01481018,0.00001211381,0.0001007724,0.000004062597,0.004000141,0.05858763,0.1449561,0.001264472,0.0001620399,0.7752755],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001692923,0.0001634942,0.02951045,0.00001230487,0.00005498925,0.00003052455,0.0001805637,0.896582,0.005078667,0.006096043,0.06033523,0.0002628179],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.06157255,0.00003282852,0.9349554,0.0009561221,0.001888736,0.0004262805,0.0001258299,0.00001683337,0.00002546974],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.2915412,0.000003617627,0.7078733,0.0001754859,0.0001999994,0.00007985953,0.00002971022,0.00001788478,0.0000788642],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8379943,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5631107,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1973514195","doi":"10.1002/1097-0363(20000615)33:3<355::aid-fld12>3.0.co;2-x","title":"A pressure-based unstructured grid method for all-speed flows","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Computational Fluid Dynamics and Aerodynamics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":57,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Airfoil; Finite volume method; Compressibility; Grid; Interpolation (computer graphics); Unstructured grid; Computer science; SIMPLE algorithm; Compressible flow; Mesh generation; Computational fluid dynamics; Mechanics; Applied mathematics; Algorithm; Mathematics; Geometry; Physics; Finite element method; Artificial intelligence","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01763716522048558,"gpt":0.3765302723025469,"spread":0.3588931070820613,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001061979,0.0002600614,0.0003667898,0.0002573853,0.00007466603,0.0001555149,0.0005742299,0.0001391886,0.0002860871],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003150532,0.0002506807,0.000354873,0.0001927808,0.00002198213,0.0001488999,0.00002232873,0.0003496142,0.000003894683],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002232647,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006253897,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001067054,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003334651,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981259,0.0001540483,0.0007062155,0.0002726613,0.0003720124,0.0003691715],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981056,0.001253786,0.00005933002,0.0001364145,0.0002895873,0.0001552523],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002370813,0.00004587921,0.00002611343,0.0000190538,0.0002379816,0.000006513922,0.00004682322,0.7503006,0.006553865,0.001915711,0.0009807306,0.2396296],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001480759,0.00008019355,0.000227359,0.00003024438,0.00004258128,0.00007137791,0.000004850161,0.8659723,0.0004335119,0.02222544,0.1091827,0.0002486137],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.002980631,0.0002895464,0.9904402,0.0006945273,0.004647708,0.0003683633,0.0002364598,0.00009343107,0.0002490856],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.007805244,0.00005159822,0.9903004,0.000474188,0.000915034,0.00005897551,0.0001132795,0.00007385862,0.0002074525],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.239381,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999945,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1974239094","doi":"10.1002/fld.2163","title":"A fourth‐order finite‐difference method for solving the system of two‐dimensional Burgers' equations","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Differential Equations and Numerical Methods","field":"Mathematics","cited_by":57,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Burgers' equation; Mathematics; Heat equation; Finite difference method; Compact finite difference; Boundary value problem; Mathematical analysis; Order (exchange); Finite difference; Partial differential equation; Boundary (topology); Applied mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1062776074700283,"gpt":0.4822338657317409,"spread":0.3759562582617126,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005771078,0.0002866767,0.0006822628,0.0003743963,0.0002852219,0.0001272551,0.000853835,0.0001313148,0.00008012181],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01800147,0.00020005,0.0005411752,0.0005137447,0.00007713767,0.0001542158,0.00008520406,0.0004374204,0.000001479591],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002178899,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001420793,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002925916,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001833962,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9961452,0.0009429855,0.001437988,0.0003499726,0.0006956328,0.0004282423],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9708817,0.02679908,0.0005904934,0.0002971173,0.001284747,0.0001468443],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004661029,0.0005475617,0.00004763772,0.00005336871,0.0003180791,0.000005188287,0.0005899192,0.007858659,0.03026824,0.4261677,0.0004570521,0.5332205],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001197155,0.0003055113,0.0001092514,0.0001840974,0.0001020747,0.00004178929,0.0001223151,0.5662713,0.002950515,0.4279856,0.0005416281,0.0001887093],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.001003433,0.0001000001,0.9931168,0.002484548,0.002382719,0.0006200753,0.00005172418,0.00004072144,0.0002000062],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.03357822,0.0000073629,0.9651965,0.0003017039,0.0004991007,0.0001390499,0.0000103426,0.00003452238,0.000233118],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5584127,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9902703,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2029745592","doi":"10.1002/fld.1490","title":"Adaptive VOF with curvature‐based refinement","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Turbulent Flows","field":"Engineering","cited_by":51,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; University of New Brunswick","funders":"","keywords":"Volume of fluid method; Curvature; Advection; Context (archaeology); Mean curvature; Computer science; Mathematics; Mechanics; Geometry; Physics; Geology; Flow (mathematics)","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02622426443314956,"gpt":0.3622619430868861,"spread":0.3360376786537366,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001220316,0.0001813203,0.000212046,0.000289898,0.00004312871,0.00006071001,0.0003392219,0.0000863295,0.00007917875],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001330039,0.0001463355,0.0001210626,0.0002077668,0.00003039567,0.0001065581,0.00002405585,0.0004170869,0.000003868157],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003418245,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003345096,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008813245,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007577425,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998627,0.00004916853,0.0004540776,0.000164152,0.000387888,0.0003177354],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990713,0.00041342,0.00005331072,0.0001069774,0.0002237813,0.0001312189],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001821134,0.0003815675,0.002561844,0.00003367699,0.0007488509,0.0003626148,0.0002140688,0.4294688,0.01391875,0.02128105,0.003119435,0.5260882],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001674459,0.0003132541,0.001971581,0.00009483039,0.00002226787,0.00008951618,0.00002277167,0.9393034,0.002987832,0.003536953,0.04969326,0.0002898777],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.003956765,0.0002968456,0.9901583,0.0002893257,0.002707684,0.0001417304,0.00001544424,0.00005670891,0.002377255],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.1212718,0.00002966792,0.8778114,0.0002989974,0.0003957777,0.00001964179,0.00001124592,0.00004550781,0.0001159781],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5257984,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5967389,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2156568867","doi":"10.1002/fld.1720","title":"Buoyancy‐corrected <i>k</i>–ε models and large eddy simulation applied to a large axisymmetric helium plume","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Wind and Air Flow Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":46,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations; Buoyancy; Plume; Large eddy simulation; Mechanics; Turbulence; Rotational symmetry; Computational fluid dynamics; Reynolds number; Meteorology; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04111385727544083,"gpt":0.376040144837863,"spread":0.3349262875624222,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000979382,0.0001976528,0.0003008556,0.0002422119,0.0002789813,0.0000509207,0.0003389576,0.0000861032,0.0002138511],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006186494,0.0001733893,0.0001087432,0.0005454186,0.00005498885,0.0002745663,0.0003276782,0.000282361,0.00003516661],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002356173,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001562231,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002405774,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004618559,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980661,0.0001365917,0.0004835597,0.0003553835,0.0005279836,0.0004303523],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989702,0.0005547033,0.0000976239,0.0001055005,0.00007225967,0.0001997467],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001719355,0.002168255,0.07184878,0.0000271039,0.000407071,0.000183529,0.008461353,0.4037873,0.02224951,0.003427974,0.01822157,0.4674982],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00485191,0.0004394169,0.0549641,0.00006850321,0.00004054168,0.0002277555,0.0004133674,0.7329416,0.001760347,0.02462589,0.1787726,0.0008939097],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.04441954,0.0001360789,0.9520215,0.0004685824,0.001196906,0.0002664678,0.00003130029,0.00003179079,0.001427854],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6820625,0.00009035037,0.3157414,0.001292692,0.0003317372,0.00004659181,0.000006065265,0.0000248071,0.0004038439],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.637643,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7070611,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2570102869","doi":"10.1002/fld.4362","title":"A high‐order backward forward sweep interpolating algorithm for semi‐Lagrangian method","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Computational Fluid Dynamics and Aerodynamics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Interpolation (computer graphics); Solver; Applied mathematics; Mathematics; Advection; Multigrid method; Dissipation; Mathematical optimization; Algorithm; Order of accuracy; Linear interpolation; Dispersion (optics); Computer science; Mathematical analysis; Numerical analysis; Partial differential equation; Physics; Numerical stability","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01952853169299519,"gpt":0.3932830589454742,"spread":0.373754527252479,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001761418,0.0003069795,0.000477225,0.0003087872,0.0003212644,0.0005364318,0.001091691,0.000162761,0.00004004282],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001313507,0.0003032648,0.000396155,0.0001198861,0.00004827069,0.0004066732,0.0001578622,0.0004720121,0.00000435224],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004021228,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005863416,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005242791,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000106726,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978925,0.00011152,0.0008332701,0.0003255681,0.000378775,0.0004583524],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9973463,0.001369597,0.0002030724,0.0002588353,0.0006411238,0.0001810655],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005220973,0.00004986628,0.0001136582,0.00002154715,0.0003210111,0.00001343698,0.000121012,0.06223109,0.003642528,0.006624108,0.0004127082,0.9263968],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001353753,0.00009697744,0.0007654277,0.00009145425,0.00003379412,0.00009803669,0.00003791579,0.940614,0.0004245318,0.04588227,0.01027121,0.0003306222],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.001108013,0.0001287054,0.9887372,0.0008353657,0.008344545,0.0003331722,0.0001768161,0.00007447328,0.0002617502],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.01009581,0.00005912167,0.9880485,0.0001753924,0.001175959,0.00009164887,0.00005376771,0.00009370188,0.0002061076],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9260662,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999419,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2130927986","doi":"10.1002/fld.1857","title":"A semi‐implicit finite volume implementation of the CSF method for treating surface tension in interfacial flows","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Heat Transfer","field":"Engineering","cited_by":43,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Surface tension; Finite volume method; Surface (topology); Mechanics; Mathematics; Tension (geology); Iterative method; Classical mechanics; Mathematical analysis; Geometry; Physics; Mathematical optimization; Thermodynamics; Moment (physics)","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03066633727611917,"gpt":0.3915236464663246,"spread":0.3608573091902055,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001081545,0.0001667626,0.0003257916,0.0001895117,0.00007752197,0.00002834688,0.0003464535,0.00009713927,0.00004737347],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003062885,0.0001357416,0.0002483891,0.0002383386,0.00002456301,0.0001526914,0.00003963502,0.0003018717,6.953042e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000276109,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005170313,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001435007,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005943364,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983284,0.0001701223,0.000812884,0.0001712726,0.000252771,0.0002644967],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987459,0.0008004407,0.00005916168,0.0001051865,0.0002359368,0.00005340867],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003406609,0.000118004,0.02209483,0.00006471269,0.0002019642,0.00001110486,0.002284525,0.4064557,0.4306726,0.001184459,0.0006194005,0.1359521],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001541085,0.0001150708,0.009322089,0.00008277189,0.0000176929,0.0000737169,0.0001367812,0.969686,0.0147254,0.002337396,0.001805731,0.0001563163],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.1724513,0.000082122,0.8252282,0.0003664276,0.001413031,0.0003102069,0.00007117573,0.00001596992,0.00006160722],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.3615637,0.00007987805,0.6379884,0.00008552963,0.0001513397,0.00003921189,0.000009391594,0.00003611224,0.00004635141],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5632303,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.553538,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1984525894","doi":"10.1002/fld.2222","title":"A finite element immersed boundary method for fluid flow around rigid objects","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":42,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Finite element method; Flow (mathematics); Discretization; Immersed boundary method; Boundary (topology); Polygon mesh; Mathematics; Geometry; Domain (mathematical analysis); Degrees of freedom (physics and chemistry); Finite volume method; Computer science; Mathematical analysis; Mechanics; Physics; Structural engineering; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03635260099413675,"gpt":0.4127602601168753,"spread":0.3764076591227385,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002474472,0.0003088321,0.0004669864,0.0003893152,0.0001913001,0.0002469785,0.0005377975,0.0001591936,0.0001447629],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002141714,0.0002882523,0.0003616571,0.0002284785,0.00005992753,0.0003491757,0.00008525125,0.0006282657,0.00001245565],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000289491,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008152525,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007794991,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008249958,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976295,0.0001634382,0.0009268966,0.0003122051,0.0004795819,0.0004883265],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9954778,0.003476465,0.0001235339,0.000207353,0.0005430667,0.0001717842],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007509094,0.0002710062,0.000765969,0.000102452,0.001587183,0.00003988492,0.001731749,0.3104942,0.1243608,0.004397287,0.007367701,0.5481309],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001873922,0.0001057302,0.0002790324,0.00003068923,0.00004748933,0.00006133213,0.0001575069,0.7895463,0.006559562,0.01535171,0.1856827,0.0003040232],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.001583861,0.0002785995,0.984773,0.000623782,0.01123488,0.0004761326,0.00008394747,0.0001053616,0.0008404179],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.02712864,0.00005904013,0.970318,0.0004589326,0.001503315,0.0002072294,0.00002594319,0.00008284761,0.0002160899],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5478269,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999957,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2134047791","doi":"10.1002/fld.1048","title":"On accurate boundary conditions for a shape sensitivity equation method","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Numerical methods in engineering","field":"Engineering","cited_by":41,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Airfoil; Sensitivity (control systems); NACA airfoil; Boundary value problem; Mathematics; Boundary (topology); Flow (mathematics); Neumann boundary condition; Dirichlet boundary condition; Finite element method; Mathematical analysis; Applied mathematics; Geometry; Mechanics; Reynolds number; Physics; Turbulence; Engineering; Structural engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05624146761218019,"gpt":0.4415560457334095,"spread":0.3853145781212293,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003468967,0.0003155541,0.0004536622,0.0004759984,0.0001385565,0.0001712777,0.0003722791,0.0001737602,0.0001278618],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004586922,0.0003184755,0.0003376838,0.0003030655,0.00004482582,0.0004324834,0.00004638251,0.0006372083,0.00001489197],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007475867,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004756759,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002466021,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.605983e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9975145,0.0004549702,0.0008173075,0.0003220643,0.0003996654,0.0004915344],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9919695,0.007224455,0.0001128321,0.0001835798,0.0003137415,0.0001958788],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001428782,0.00009173916,0.00001298926,0.0000210151,0.0001677359,0.00001099626,0.00009896344,0.4460924,0.03700815,0.008358802,0.001203057,0.5067913],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009888823,0.000134632,0.0001946867,0.00007261786,0.00002774587,0.0001406369,0.00002062978,0.8970204,0.01438943,0.04347514,0.0432057,0.0003294931],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.001268055,0.0001414046,0.9910849,0.001007244,0.005293107,0.0004318153,0.0001114596,0.0002042018,0.0004578004],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.02978782,0.00004114011,0.9678731,0.000552215,0.001331045,0.0002242147,0.00002723668,0.00009810057,0.00006514238],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5064618,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999267,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2096860782","doi":"10.1002/fld.4038","title":"Vortex penalization method for bluff body flows","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Vibration Analysis","field":"Engineering","cited_by":41,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Optech (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Reynolds number; Bluff; Vortex; Mechanics; Context (archaeology); Flow (mathematics); Incompressible flow; Classical mechanics; Wake; Physics; Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations; Mathematics; Turbulence; Geometry; Geology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04138363373567422,"gpt":0.4269354182343966,"spread":0.3855517844987224,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002183531,0.000179505,0.0003121956,0.0003972839,0.0000561405,0.0001774443,0.0004021194,0.0001133033,0.00008150608],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001289937,0.0001697148,0.0002723126,0.0002854605,0.00001356911,0.0002730482,0.00003366549,0.0002060422,0.000007223483],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003342,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006414747,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000124119,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005542313,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998315,0.0001843486,0.0006895305,0.0001991367,0.0003602947,0.0002516555],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984653,0.0005160365,0.00008157516,0.0001232072,0.0006114569,0.0002024347],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004765091,0.0002214579,0.0006379231,0.00004326112,0.0009079942,0.00001847052,0.0006533485,0.6906889,0.03696458,0.05296173,0.01398885,0.202437],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009907269,0.000080616,0.00007103309,0.00001624229,0.0000395377,0.0000431312,0.0000563684,0.913199,0.001687148,0.0308946,0.05273655,0.0001850312],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.0004889955,0.0002253658,0.9938017,0.0005997439,0.003926753,0.0002102933,0.00003164326,0.00006568734,0.0006498704],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.008835936,0.00006630064,0.9896027,0.0002872217,0.0006835574,0.00008297531,0.00005946238,0.00005277947,0.0003290538],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2225101,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6920767,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1978774490","doi":"10.1002/fld.1369","title":"Assessment of adaptive and heuristic time stepping for variably saturated flow","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Soil and Unsaturated Flow","field":"Engineering","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"","keywords":"Heuristic; Convergence (economics); Mathematical optimization; Richards equation; Mathematics; Truncation error; Nonlinear system; Null-move heuristic; Computer science; Truncation (statistics); Algorithm; Applied mathematics; Statistics; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01946227685892646,"gpt":0.3543168156625494,"spread":0.3348545388036229,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006391759,0.0001422925,0.0002792314,0.000185557,0.00003953748,0.00005477844,0.0001733285,0.00009420465,0.00002556652],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002562027,0.0001278179,0.00009801742,0.0001464809,0.00002972241,0.0001225293,0.00002143751,0.0002380201,5.45625e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000156858,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003622723,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001247069,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.030494e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988995,0.00008799053,0.0004936284,0.0001375026,0.0001870063,0.0001943237],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985655,0.0009547523,0.00007441951,0.00005792799,0.0002918765,0.00005554849],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006748919,0.0002978754,0.001542744,0.0001311824,0.001032367,0.00004372004,0.0001898538,0.3007522,0.2784615,0.01509502,0.005298029,0.3964806],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001070888,0.0001367037,0.004633145,0.00008596693,0.00002994903,0.00005940946,0.00001799057,0.9762909,0.002744345,0.01223455,0.002540657,0.000155462],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.005289976,0.0003121588,0.991426,0.00008077395,0.00166632,0.0001746191,0.00006229144,0.00003662116,0.0009512308],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.143745,0.00002927993,0.8556407,0.00003153518,0.0003658269,0.00003028779,0.00002096806,0.00002810883,0.0001083067],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6755388,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5212262,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1975061827","doi":"10.1002/fld.2216","title":"Numerical modeling of sloshing motion in a tuned liquid damper outfitted with a submerged slat screen","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Fluid Dynamics Simulations and Interactions","field":"Engineering","cited_by":39,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Slosh dynamics; Linearization; Volume of fluid method; Computer science; Damper; Boundary value problem; Flow (mathematics); Boundary (topology); Finite difference method; Free surface; Mechanics; Algorithm; Control theory (sociology); Simulation; Physics; Engineering; Structural engineering; Nonlinear system; Mathematics; Mathematical analysis; Artificial intelligence","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02667837589883652,"gpt":0.3631077445688546,"spread":0.3364293686700181,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008303966,0.0002018144,0.0003456061,0.0006460195,0.00005539311,0.00006895694,0.0003593441,0.0001431573,0.0001048505],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006285411,0.0001827088,0.0001557659,0.0004273961,0.0000339684,0.0004891311,0.00003463614,0.000905283,0.0000022105],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002024002,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004104455,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001423055,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004139209,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981985,0.0001159295,0.000841571,0.0002113807,0.0003408259,0.0002917571],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989321,0.0003312253,0.00009042295,0.0001601373,0.0003746006,0.0001115332],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004809792,0.0001425433,0.002306489,0.00001097142,0.0001074949,0.00001015716,0.0003049081,0.8822084,0.1016476,0.001438508,0.00002256684,0.01131938],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001028914,0.0001189995,0.001027258,0.00008985575,0.00001417893,0.00008229203,0.00006597806,0.9938892,0.001940748,0.00124654,0.0002967139,0.0001993929],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2355514,0.00003291835,0.7620596,0.0002044996,0.001554634,0.0001464681,0.00001428216,0.00003855336,0.0003976234],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6657709,0.00001590992,0.3339375,0.00002900702,0.0001544196,0.00002420307,0.00001413027,0.00003690424,0.00001696644],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4302195,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.745065,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2121326385","doi":"10.1002/fld.1668","title":"Raviart–Thomas and Brezzi–Douglas–Marini finite‐element approximations of the shallow‐water equations","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Advanced Numerical Methods in Computational Mathematics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":38,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Discretization; Shallow water equations; Spurious relationship; Polygon mesh; Finite element method; Mathematics; Multigrid method; Geostrophic wind; Equilateral triangle; Mathematical analysis; Inertia; Applied mathematics; Geometry; Calculus (dental); Classical mechanics; Mechanics; Physics; Partial differential equation","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04797049085994957,"gpt":0.4118793857677899,"spread":0.3639088949078403,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002453264,0.0001995109,0.0003106809,0.0002648109,0.0001175448,0.00005625498,0.0005301688,0.0000948702,0.0000516212],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002898968,0.0001421744,0.0001798768,0.000291956,0.0001207015,0.000188432,0.0001654452,0.0004188554,0.000002511723],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000206738,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000228017,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000308075,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001868165,"domain_scores_codex":[0.997749,0.0002012216,0.001054842,0.0001823069,0.0004926902,0.000319954],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9941838,0.0050464,0.0001437493,0.000187517,0.0003288387,0.0001096864],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001746585,0.0004504143,0.002688673,0.0001780313,0.0005252939,0.00001478256,0.00258279,0.3315558,0.02838964,0.1208226,0.0002737045,0.5123436],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009551933,0.00009219934,0.002334486,0.0001264998,0.0000434696,0.00009092919,0.0001876605,0.5619815,0.0143746,0.405893,0.01362046,0.0003000184],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.001810315,0.0001300962,0.9934378,0.0005452177,0.002980166,0.0003018765,0.00002093942,0.00004224613,0.0007312929],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.05353848,0.00003367762,0.9457615,0.0001580925,0.0002903721,0.00003940333,0.00000683781,0.00004008017,0.0001315316],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5120436,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5797704,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1989600381","doi":"10.1002/fld.196","title":"Numerical simulation of the unsteady flow over an elliptic cylinder at different orientations","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Vibration Analysis","field":"Engineering","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland; Western University","funders":"King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals","keywords":"Reynolds number; Mathematics; Cylinder; Vortex shedding; Wake; Lift (data mining); Flow (mathematics); Potential flow around a circular cylinder; Mechanics; Geometry; Fourier series; Mathematical analysis; Physics; Turbulence; Computer science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03432183796922346,"gpt":0.3963746052378888,"spread":0.3620527672686654,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003381846,0.000156894,0.0002420224,0.0002065398,0.00009657725,0.00006555676,0.0003746603,0.00008522026,0.0003797271],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002628692,0.0001160665,0.0002567109,0.0003409105,0.00003719045,0.0002107909,0.00004237405,0.0002358202,0.00000332068],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003517468,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001637911,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009100792,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008513068,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983734,0.0002001047,0.0006483441,0.0001591576,0.0004300047,0.0001890289],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998951,0.0004564388,0.0001005306,0.0001749916,0.0002124312,0.0001046468],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007357672,0.0001099783,0.008010967,0.000004442935,0.0001204324,0.000002220782,0.0001828709,0.9688544,0.004995239,0.000932727,0.00007156243,0.01664161],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000558119,0.00004741491,0.01367662,0.00001801464,0.00003472876,0.00002088971,0.00003085463,0.9800812,0.001099718,0.002154256,0.002148654,0.0001295458],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.09973789,0.00005726804,0.8976434,0.0002054342,0.00199054,0.0001167898,0.00001577086,0.00002470209,0.0002081626],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9144939,0.00006156193,0.08477508,0.0001440528,0.000254021,0.00001607754,0.00002534724,0.00003224027,0.0001976923],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.814756,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4733053,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1995701921","doi":"10.1002/fld.585","title":"Evaluation of one‐ and two‐equation low‐<i>Re</i> turbulence models. Part I—Axisymmetric separating and swirling flows","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Turbulent Flows","field":"Engineering","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"National Research Council Canada","keywords":"Turbulence; K-epsilon turbulence model; K-omega turbulence model; Mechanics; Reynolds stress equation model; Turbulence modeling; Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations; Rotational symmetry; Reynolds number; Boundary layer; Reynolds stress; Curvature; Context (archaeology); Physics; Mathematics; Geometry; Geology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.08156012751252613,"gpt":0.3821026912544161,"spread":0.30054256374189,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004733991,0.0001644314,0.0002671572,0.0003586501,0.00006096005,0.00008933537,0.0001483069,0.00008005757,0.00002755319],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001360561,0.0001667147,0.00007479984,0.0002742733,0.00002791535,0.0003399272,0.00003022847,0.0002566813,5.29387e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001945126,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004974128,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000926077,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002798168,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979258,0.0003274249,0.0006524542,0.0002068544,0.0006788344,0.0002086967],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986226,0.0005725276,0.0001056839,0.00009364485,0.000510752,0.00009479882],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002006162,0.00004734501,0.0002616029,0.00002594594,0.00009859473,0.000001078611,0.0001905387,0.8397084,0.003360297,0.004469439,0.00002461855,0.1517921],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001111289,0.00005492043,0.0001101204,0.0001171765,0.00005763182,0.00003785884,0.00002729231,0.9606589,0.001230483,0.0361873,0.0002464783,0.0001605155],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1458841,0.00261891,0.8484975,0.00004979712,0.001805019,0.0002286655,0.00001012748,0.0000206614,0.0008852991],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6125861,0.0005456393,0.3866243,0.0000275233,0.0001489122,0.00002965434,0.00000490824,0.00002432,0.000008679433],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.466702,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6798429,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1942400730","doi":"10.1002/fld.3963","title":"Discontinuous Galerkin methods on graphics processing units for nonlinear hyperbolic conservation laws","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Advanced Numerical Methods in Computational Mathematics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Conservation law; Discontinuous Galerkin method; Polygon mesh; Nonlinear system; Graphics; Computer graphics; Massively parallel; Euler equations; Euler's formula","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07424607287916563,"gpt":0.4466589811701538,"spread":0.3724129082909882,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003530683,0.0003554671,0.0005984752,0.0004456421,0.0001558396,0.0001606738,0.0006480467,0.0001809792,0.00001271672],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01034123,0.0003299835,0.0002262281,0.0006325254,0.00009803448,0.0002843369,0.00005631196,0.0006100187,0.000002875654],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002494275,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006043135,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002117483,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.547045e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9970241,0.0006313536,0.001091297,0.0003460208,0.0004620544,0.0004451832],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9900154,0.008512018,0.000252625,0.0001951501,0.0008495691,0.0001752736],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001954826,0.000140106,0.00007865175,0.0001148934,0.0001177233,0.000003268325,0.0001849851,0.0468047,0.005705388,0.02592696,0.0004638223,0.920264],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008871122,0.00020766,0.0001072598,0.0001700507,0.00002710897,0.0000582573,0.00003686901,0.7116225,0.004239608,0.2017596,0.08057543,0.0003085281],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.001049716,0.0002040548,0.9934223,0.0007960607,0.003462934,0.0004550169,0.00003980232,0.0001624907,0.0004076851],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.002764378,0.00005246607,0.9947698,0.0009750724,0.001040179,0.0001848521,0.00002897478,0.0001244749,0.00005986319],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9199555,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999152,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2134108260","doi":"10.1002/fld.3999","title":"A Jacobian‐free Newton–Krylov method for thermalhydraulics simulations","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Computational Fluid Dynamics and Aerodynamics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Canadian Nuclear Laboratories; University of Waterloo","funders":"Atomic Energy of Canada Limited","keywords":"Jacobian matrix and determinant; Discretization; Solver; Newton's method; Applied mathematics; Mathematics; Computational fluid dynamics; Backward Euler method; Mechanics; Mathematical analysis; Mathematical optimization; Nonlinear system; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04482338348270962,"gpt":0.4206599053270582,"spread":0.3758365218443486,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001319986,0.0002268253,0.0003154212,0.0003139238,0.00007622872,0.0001641652,0.000723688,0.0001290228,0.00002383761],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001669495,0.0002248484,0.0002584351,0.0002609409,0.00002552575,0.0002399062,0.00009211832,0.0003269718,0.000003404145],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004777657,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001055036,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000116651,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009516533,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982058,0.0001400875,0.0006913529,0.0002267674,0.0003999612,0.0003360674],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9970857,0.001748827,0.00007921687,0.000184908,0.0006700971,0.0002312457],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001107276,0.00007983499,0.0002058831,0.000009763733,0.0001649515,0.000006763367,0.0001972822,0.8804794,0.003129978,0.01637482,0.003408672,0.09583193],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001533994,0.00009188676,0.0003266541,0.00002088096,0.00002155265,0.00007136302,0.00003234604,0.8437788,0.0001200462,0.113327,0.04045472,0.000220751],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.002833845,0.0001937906,0.9893981,0.001531578,0.004970974,0.0003182383,0.0001927561,0.00008578412,0.0004749321],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.02019838,0.00002377437,0.9781914,0.0003074814,0.000840428,0.00005685768,0.00007015398,0.00007540872,0.0002361396],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.09695221,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9169052,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2119506381","doi":"10.1002/fld.591","title":"A projection scheme for incompressible multiphase flow using adaptive Eulerian grid","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Computational Fluid Dynamics and Aerodynamics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Discretization; Mathematics; Eulerian path; Projection method; Piecewise linear function; Mesh generation; Compressibility; Grid; Projection (relational algebra); Applied mathematics; Mathematical analysis; Finite element method; Geometry; Mathematical optimization; Mechanics; Algorithm; Dykstra's projection algorithm; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04954123371980092,"gpt":0.4073333116787602,"spread":0.3577920779589593,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005912164,0.0002019805,0.0002538185,0.0003324485,0.0001153011,0.0001259699,0.0002999559,0.00009997826,0.00001048985],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000318158,0.0002047112,0.0002168272,0.0002235312,0.00002897481,0.0002898928,0.00004622746,0.0002901263,0.000001301444],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008150153,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001033003,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002572899,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006018296,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986213,0.00005427381,0.0005548164,0.0002178523,0.0002652273,0.0002865407],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990126,0.0003387195,0.00007662696,0.00008142142,0.0003826891,0.0001079153],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002112765,0.0001055684,0.00005693959,0.00001523027,0.0001295502,0.000009460991,0.0001109017,0.9273094,0.02804906,0.003118769,0.00005329018,0.04083057],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002144816,0.0001272921,0.0001327756,0.00009988416,0.00001440129,0.000129923,0.00003818179,0.9713235,0.001231412,0.02294915,0.001580315,0.0002282971],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.01872182,0.0001291636,0.9746647,0.0001404569,0.005722009,0.0003775996,0.0001150744,0.00006844462,0.00006074499],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.02955524,0.00002678855,0.9692127,0.00006730224,0.0009550242,0.00007132978,0.00004073813,0.00005443204,0.00001641498],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04401416,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8347881,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1984428910","doi":"10.1002/fld.2353","title":"Resolution sensitivity of momentum‐exchange and immersed boundary methods for solid–fluid interaction in the lattice Boltzmann method","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Geomechanica (Canada)","funders":"University of Minnesota","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Mechanics; Drag; Reynolds number; Hagen–Poiseuille equation; Physics; Settling; Taylor–Couette flow; Classical mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Turbulence; Thermodynamics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0512915737943842,"gpt":0.4565066651415329,"spread":0.4052150913471487,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01025129,0.0002199497,0.0004374789,0.0004320021,0.0001174701,0.0001069394,0.0002593193,0.000148471,0.0000183787],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002991871,0.000181693,0.0001814919,0.0002653511,0.00009292401,0.0004289329,0.00008131498,0.0006566162,7.563645e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001710426,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003026417,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003940399,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002362821,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9972217,0.001117011,0.000818056,0.0002454662,0.0002928498,0.0003048861],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9914854,0.007707839,0.000178926,0.0001692384,0.0003918266,0.00006676204],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006677131,0.0002147258,0.0007057947,0.0001452467,0.0004326104,0.00001283822,0.00441872,0.01206352,0.358279,0.004133473,0.0007916231,0.6181347],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001744854,0.000136043,0.005694738,0.00007186315,0.00007803056,0.0002120247,0.0008475985,0.9061754,0.01470186,0.01374249,0.05632408,0.0002710571],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.01443446,0.0004451388,0.9793806,0.001058321,0.00387509,0.0004726307,0.00002920495,0.00003017714,0.0002744],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.09944451,0.0001471247,0.8996058,0.0001906291,0.000428713,0.0001035228,0.000009821224,0.00003795705,0.00003193295],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8941118,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7409225,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2081173494","doi":"10.1002/fld.1317","title":"A piecewise linear approach to volume tracking a triple point","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Heat Transfer","field":"Engineering","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; University of New Brunswick","funders":"","keywords":"Intersection (aeronautics); Point (geometry); Series (stratigraphy); Volume (thermodynamics); Tracking (education); Piecewise; Piecewise linear function; Triple point; Algorithm; Advection; Computer science; Mathematics; Geometry; Mathematical analysis; Engineering; Physics; Aerospace engineering; Geology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02913303309968674,"gpt":0.3532613881749189,"spread":0.3241283550752321,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009189505,0.0001981997,0.0003046939,0.0003694014,0.00005942508,0.0001296117,0.0004267828,0.0001075216,0.00005580658],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001672386,0.0001903828,0.0002328103,0.000268834,0.00001999423,0.0001815981,0.00002878814,0.0004049069,0.00001331904],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003079083,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002659428,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004395451,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000335864,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983652,0.00007890299,0.0006491214,0.0002161588,0.0003246883,0.000365882],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993721,0.0001512679,0.00002073859,0.0001149624,0.000191428,0.0001494776],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004852926,0.0008878735,0.002237458,0.00008782825,0.0003468163,0.00008732158,0.0008589385,0.6189467,0.09295578,0.03222777,0.01793772,0.2329405],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001060922,0.0000907962,0.002287049,0.00004409243,0.00001570991,0.0001555639,0.00002959087,0.9404353,0.00136605,0.007562558,0.04666552,0.0002868715],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.005340408,0.0002456041,0.9874844,0.0005774476,0.002567147,0.0002364736,0.00003151661,0.00008380802,0.003433206],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.1173401,0.00003491462,0.8808917,0.0002275943,0.0009484456,0.00006781741,0.00001703414,0.00006601687,0.0004063818],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3214886,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7763585,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1978205588","doi":"10.1002/fld.1189","title":"Discretization and parallel performance of an unstructured finite volume Navier–Stokes solver","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Computational Fluid Dynamics and Aerodynamics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Discretization; Solver; Computer science; Parallel computing; Interpolation (computer graphics); Computational science; Finite volume method; Unstructured grid; SPMD; Scalability; Code (set theory); Navier–Stokes equations; Computational fluid dynamics; Applied mathematics; Mathematics; Mechanics; Mathematical analysis; Physics; Motion (physics); Compressibility; Artificial intelligence","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008510701235724095,"gpt":0.3114463981826669,"spread":0.3029356969469428,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003573544,0.0001308636,0.0001925797,0.0001740149,0.00004630059,0.00006253222,0.0002063094,0.0000670901,0.00001950359],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008327069,0.0001247624,0.00006933921,0.0001284609,0.00004625908,0.0002630136,0.00002975882,0.000174481,4.780483e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008985739,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001877827,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001366145,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003952832,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989552,0.00005603264,0.0004775228,0.0001289165,0.0002306462,0.0001516098],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999433,0.000195736,0.00006797651,0.00006528597,0.0001825597,0.00005539821],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007995179,0.00003844288,0.006188373,0.00002157861,0.00004045468,0.000003700175,0.00006527673,0.9011455,0.005536151,0.005044486,0.00004794315,0.08178813],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004870551,0.0000768241,0.03158372,0.00003239384,0.000009001096,0.00005167155,0.00001050297,0.9522392,0.0002091675,0.01427789,0.0008878895,0.0001347345],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3041405,0.0001389884,0.6946033,0.00006625562,0.0008543261,0.00006331519,0.00002696496,0.00001821725,0.00008818178],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5276374,0.00008454487,0.4719604,0.00001900921,0.000169121,0.000005827512,0.00005631379,0.00001892321,0.00004852201],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2234969,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5087662,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1984823493","doi":"10.1002/fld.1795","title":"Energy norm <i>a posteriori</i> error estimation for divergence‐free discontinuous Galerkin approximations of the Navier–Stokes equations","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Advanced Numerical Methods in Computational Mathematics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Discretization; Estimator; Mathematics; Norm (philosophy); Discontinuous Galerkin method; Navier–Stokes equations; Divergence (linguistics); A priori and a posteriori; Galerkin method; Compressibility; Applied mathematics; Approximations of π; Pressure-correction method; Mathematical analysis; Energy (signal processing); Finite element method; Physics; Mechanics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0637968628241313,"gpt":0.3954140801498402,"spread":0.3316172173257089,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007374822,0.0002401621,0.0004109579,0.0002283335,0.0002276473,0.00003849094,0.001011375,0.0001029979,0.00002313351],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004158787,0.0001952679,0.00035321,0.0004388081,0.0001585569,0.000330638,0.000143697,0.0002669813,0.000001039477],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003371025,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009096794,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007298029,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001697787,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976397,0.0002050174,0.001108221,0.0002103756,0.000546946,0.0002898117],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9951775,0.003595183,0.0003134327,0.000283998,0.0005354876,0.00009441256],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001674551,0.0002941669,0.0004038465,0.0001288607,0.0003207023,0.000005929077,0.001109146,0.6248634,0.0132399,0.03495422,0.00163105,0.3228813],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007229755,0.00008420272,0.0004340866,0.0001081097,0.00003504781,0.0001194948,0.00005908318,0.7656768,0.00684684,0.2227103,0.002977891,0.0002252037],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.001680752,0.0002322486,0.9926736,0.0005093152,0.004052598,0.0003989792,0.000155718,0.00006500717,0.000231753],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.05766271,0.00005393895,0.9414674,0.0001190402,0.0002706764,0.000227912,0.00001840249,0.00005288219,0.0001270471],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3226561,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7962794,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2038601522","doi":"10.1002/fld.2064","title":"Modeling of lifting‐device aerodynamics using the actuator surface concept","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Wind Energy Research and Development","field":"Engineering","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"École de Technologie Supérieure","funders":"","keywords":"Aerodynamics; Finite element method; Actuator; Computational fluid dynamics; Finite volume method; Engineering; Turbine blade; Wake; Turbine; Mechanics; Mechanical engineering; Control theory (sociology); Computer science; Aerospace engineering; Structural engineering; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05793287684369553,"gpt":0.4189746121025459,"spread":0.3610417352588504,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001015544,0.0001192101,0.0001972058,0.00009870138,0.0000601969,0.00005984082,0.0004561496,0.00006140232,0.00002380989],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004402356,0.00008909239,0.0001106642,0.000183215,0.00002601892,0.0001359262,0.00003632466,0.0003259961,6.067983e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002244358,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006292958,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002081934,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.361967e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986863,0.0001120829,0.000475181,0.0001035427,0.0003670688,0.0002558046],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992095,0.0003400389,0.00004326515,0.00009103399,0.0002254126,0.00009080241],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004225635,0.00002407885,0.00004399606,0.000003600209,0.00006855887,0.000005111383,0.0002678488,0.9487054,0.01804298,0.0006474303,0.00007673358,0.03207198],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003167851,0.00004121683,0.00007616075,0.00004917297,0.000005697556,0.00004453822,0.0001151124,0.9908403,0.003752524,0.003461491,0.001194156,0.0001028052],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.08369314,0.0003394148,0.9141615,0.000305299,0.001027727,0.00007074102,0.000005556102,0.00002140748,0.0003752097],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.4366398,0.00005806885,0.562952,0.0001335028,0.0001783787,0.00000162135,0.000002519489,0.00001362698,0.00002048397],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3529466,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3633082,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2004007856","doi":"10.1002/fld.1167","title":"Simulation of shallow flows over variable topographies using unstructured grids","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Computational Fluid Dynamics and Aerodynamics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Discretization; Computation; Upwind scheme; Shallow water equations; Computer science; Unstructured grid; Applied mathematics; Mathematical optimization; Variable (mathematics); Mesh generation; Grid; Mathematics; Algorithm; Geometry; Finite element method; Mathematical analysis; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01667064277670299,"gpt":0.3555700702158032,"spread":0.3388994274391002,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004514646,0.0001550027,0.0002491627,0.0003898795,0.00004682308,0.00006799721,0.0002583079,0.00009379395,0.0000507952],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001731552,0.0001544009,0.0001701182,0.0003561967,0.00002907677,0.0001890013,0.00003530954,0.0002005284,2.464078e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001955261,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003211059,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004826495,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006324837,"domain_scores_codex":[0.99864,0.00006401502,0.0006457009,0.0001380902,0.0003207961,0.0001913759],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988967,0.0006327282,0.00008362274,0.00007945232,0.0002620052,0.00004551709],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003678374,0.00003258515,0.001596294,0.00001316123,0.00006966148,0.000003422884,0.00001947598,0.9544165,0.02613395,0.01014114,0.00002471018,0.007512353],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004962701,0.00002508719,0.003506997,0.00003999823,0.00001561581,0.00002224375,0.000006783378,0.9199752,0.0002141836,0.07456394,0.0009888792,0.0001447653],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.1478954,0.0001581357,0.8489251,0.00002144224,0.002684753,0.00008861945,0.00004043102,0.00002881013,0.0001573476],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.4264065,0.00001318861,0.5731896,0.00001664556,0.0003113911,0.000003099094,0.00002240726,0.00002307472,0.0000141073],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2785111,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6296287,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2097594141","doi":"10.1002/fld.662","title":"Development of a fully coupled control‐volume finite element method for the incompressible Navier–Stokes equations","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Advanced Numerical Methods in Computational Mathematics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"École de Technologie Supérieure","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs; Canadian Natural Resources Limited","keywords":"Finite element method; Discretization; Mathematics; Linearization; Applied mathematics; Finite volume method; Compressibility; Linear system; Pressure-correction method; Robustness (evolution); System of linear equations; Mathematical optimization; Nonlinear system; Mathematical analysis; Mechanics; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0525971816694432,"gpt":0.4295481800737518,"spread":0.3769509984043086,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003060376,0.0002604743,0.0005060637,0.0002560462,0.0001838446,0.00006840718,0.0007780041,0.00009314453,0.00004259042],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003860839,0.0002064249,0.000272917,0.0003246158,0.00006831976,0.0001787092,0.00007281825,0.0003690709,0.000003065609],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000505194,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001657024,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003512476,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000139673,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9972222,0.0001914364,0.001437103,0.0002212484,0.0005723906,0.0003555705],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9879292,0.01085328,0.0002980913,0.0001801481,0.0006275205,0.0001117118],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001246898,0.0001153559,0.00001269761,0.00004651861,0.0003262952,0.000001631771,0.0004860291,0.7756217,0.007472887,0.009925989,0.00003392858,0.2058323],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002017741,0.00009319522,0.00007223713,0.000115256,0.00004968808,0.00002087797,0.0001293982,0.8330378,0.004863043,0.1448252,0.01456677,0.000208765],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.0001129958,0.0004994989,0.9955417,0.0007488317,0.002232946,0.0007016342,0.000047519,0.00005795401,0.00005693367],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.008661484,0.00003766895,0.9902344,0.0002018761,0.0002816223,0.0004837571,0.00001051103,0.0000584526,0.00003017824],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2056236,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8417761,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2086036122","doi":"10.1002/fld.1579","title":"Immersed boundary conditions method for unsteady flow problems described by the Laplace operator","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Laplace transform; Operator (biology); Spectral space; Mathematics; Flow (mathematics); Boundary value problem; Boundary (topology); Domain (mathematical analysis); Unsteady flow; Spectral method; Laplace's equation; Mathematical analysis; Space (punctuation); Laplace operator; Applied mathematics; Algorithm; Geometry; Computer science; Mechanics; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04407690977261056,"gpt":0.4234136306252249,"spread":0.3793367208526143,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003740162,0.000238547,0.0003358969,0.0001996737,0.0002997096,0.0002072265,0.0005066868,0.0001163723,0.00007422358],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001067895,0.0001831968,0.0002347608,0.0002592063,0.00008248423,0.0002990866,0.00005445262,0.0004196464,0.000006633975],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004125571,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005149928,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009593019,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000595652,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979197,0.0002185959,0.0008206665,0.000223912,0.000383407,0.0004336673],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9952167,0.003896078,0.0001002168,0.0001478091,0.0005105858,0.00012866],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008696822,0.0004200723,0.001079137,0.0001201862,0.002698219,0.00002926958,0.003667873,0.2987052,0.152311,0.008679756,0.1489321,0.3824876],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002647434,0.0001285809,0.0004622769,0.00006353832,0.00007885874,0.0001313949,0.0005917725,0.5403118,0.01031189,0.01065617,0.4342321,0.0003842104],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.0009039907,0.0007905621,0.9911606,0.001726005,0.003956863,0.0006246538,0.0001807135,0.00008427516,0.000572312],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.01459998,0.00005320933,0.9829051,0.0008861585,0.0006143791,0.0001892734,0.00005274171,0.00007563314,0.0006234644],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3821034,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7470551,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1962274980","doi":"10.1002/fld.4049","title":"A 3D mesh deformation technique for irregular in‐flight ice accretion","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Icing and De-icing Technologies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Icing; Mesh generation; Morphing; Grid; Lift (data mining); Aerospace engineering; Computational fluid dynamics; Computer science; Robustness (evolution); Polygon mesh; Geology; Structural engineering; Engineering; Geometry; Finite element method; Mathematics; Geodesy","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04851379705226832,"gpt":0.3937629665282619,"spread":0.3452491694759936,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002057458,0.0001477263,0.0002362683,0.0005338342,0.00003650146,0.00007072198,0.0003858359,0.0001859898,0.000004873903],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001656878,0.0001348477,0.0001011546,0.0002478905,0.00002673248,0.0003134129,0.00004428218,0.0003363319,0.000002915213],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005451313,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003724473,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001144347,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001793518,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998751,0.00008650554,0.0005316509,0.0001331089,0.0002475306,0.000250221],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991425,0.0003445462,0.00007328841,0.0001138932,0.0002621331,0.00006364885],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006410219,0.0001741862,0.001407451,0.0001145569,0.0001772892,0.00003245568,0.001365126,0.05080824,0.05486062,0.01714132,0.008231563,0.8650461],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002291835,0.0003640797,0.0005031604,0.0003314095,0.00002442085,0.000405601,0.0003673183,0.5188901,0.2790712,0.1496307,0.04764267,0.0004775438],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.002583948,0.0001081046,0.9936168,0.000507906,0.002154098,0.000328549,0.00000785661,0.0001848697,0.0005078309],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.1411823,0.0000486354,0.8581596,0.00007583618,0.0002256857,0.00022877,0.00001262125,0.00003085801,0.00003568783],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8645686,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5498929,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2061318403","doi":"10.1002/fld.1118","title":"MPDATA error estimator for mesh adaptivity","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Computational Fluid Dynamics and Aerodynamics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Royal Military College of Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Polygon mesh; Solver; Robustness (evolution); Computer science; Adaptive mesh refinement; Benchmark (surveying); Estimator; Euler equations; Algorithm; Mathematical optimization; Mesh generation; Compressible flow; Applied mathematics; Computational science; Mathematics; Compressibility; Finite element method; Geology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03926859276660935,"gpt":0.4128745059081287,"spread":0.3736059131415194,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009532452,0.0001899501,0.0002663215,0.0002113758,0.00008123714,0.0001204176,0.000518748,0.00008826457,0.00004760411],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006259139,0.0001890531,0.0002205218,0.0001323822,0.00002756215,0.0002884417,0.00006069635,0.0002760038,0.000006512222],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003952438,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005179672,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002895989,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005868767,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985891,0.00005800925,0.0005643919,0.0002055104,0.0002856108,0.000297368],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984408,0.0009850053,0.00005905591,0.0001176039,0.0002668375,0.0001307082],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001495549,0.0001490269,0.0002554604,0.00002255977,0.0002164521,0.000009013199,0.00007264748,0.4766439,0.005973396,0.04067093,0.004696977,0.4711401],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007793965,0.0000563814,0.0006045538,0.00002893237,0.00001363663,0.00008238286,0.00001205883,0.9254492,0.0002484771,0.01832334,0.05419735,0.0002043051],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.004982306,0.0001846924,0.9894758,0.00133222,0.003311154,0.0002272411,0.0001715674,0.0000745592,0.0002404958],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.06901007,0.00004605189,0.9295723,0.0001862685,0.000877655,0.00006403752,0.00005526521,0.00005091692,0.0001374614],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4709358,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7709361,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2158819489","doi":"10.1002/fld.2588","title":"An ALE mesh movement scheme for long‐term in‐flight ice accretion","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Icing and De-icing Technologies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Icing; Airfoil; Mesh generation; Mechanics; Computer science; Geology; Geometry; Finite element method; Engineering; Mathematics; Meteorology; Physics; Structural engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0658069940494976,"gpt":0.4061836455169821,"spread":0.3403766514674845,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001029987,0.0001629582,0.0002358261,0.0003908496,0.00004563956,0.00005934764,0.0005381595,0.0001423764,0.0000454619],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004138242,0.000151899,0.0001170289,0.0001558867,0.00003130567,0.0002707684,0.00004405213,0.0003156478,0.000002903531],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002738472,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001848532,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001887078,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005027059,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987482,0.00006474589,0.000499737,0.0001869203,0.0002053641,0.0002949869],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993335,0.0002306249,0.0000646466,0.0001548489,0.000148627,0.00006775906],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006840802,0.0005126343,0.04281992,0.00009316032,0.0003094618,0.00006975461,0.001732356,0.002796834,0.07265111,0.01651188,0.001449778,0.860369],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003525724,0.0009730686,0.06062118,0.0004147968,0.00004187502,0.000132153,0.000355407,0.2619986,0.5607603,0.1061025,0.004228496,0.0008458913],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.05473333,0.00008932182,0.9419267,0.0001595099,0.002270779,0.0001974392,0.000008843599,0.000156461,0.0004576052],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.293842,0.00008599622,0.705534,0.000141046,0.0002216541,0.00008625413,0.000008893905,0.00003480032,0.00004539033],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8595231,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.619426,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2114461382","doi":"10.1002/fld.4002","title":"An approach to control the spurious currents in a multiphase lattice Boltzmann method and to improve the implementation of initial condition","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Spurious relationship; Multiphase flow; Initialization; HPP model; Mechanics; Statistical physics; Physics; Bhatnagar–Gross–Krook operator; Lattice (music); Computer science; Mathematics; Acoustics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0606424687591165,"gpt":0.5011460776375043,"spread":0.4405036088783878,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002690169,0.0001469121,0.0002549516,0.0002371432,0.00005610623,0.0000877096,0.0003347443,0.00004620254,0.00000558273],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007442015,0.0001000105,0.00005836569,0.0002344116,0.00003477766,0.0002593828,0.0000570735,0.0002420714,0.000001421907],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001820478,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000330127,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007584866,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001131882,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981413,0.0004947353,0.0006163234,0.0001746558,0.0003678529,0.0002051149],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983065,0.0009909841,0.00009080434,0.00012425,0.0003529858,0.00013452],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000879849,0.0003270378,0.00412786,0.00003632996,0.0003983419,0.000008224092,0.01734279,0.3262357,0.01351359,0.003932531,0.0007066763,0.6324911],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.009205503,0.000600547,0.032677,0.00005727855,0.0001073338,0.00008902169,0.006521393,0.927817,0.005057127,0.01150183,0.005960993,0.0004049093],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.07407832,0.0001158187,0.9231548,0.0006815716,0.001117437,0.0006741634,0.00007030217,0.00001699507,0.00009060869],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6990146,0.000005905495,0.3002073,0.0003844838,0.0002219033,0.0001374959,0.000006717309,0.00001818368,0.000003374817],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6320862,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.407831,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1918316430","doi":"10.1002/fld.2651","title":"Validating the URANS shear stress transport <i>γ</i> −<i>Re</i><sub>θ</sub> model for low‐Reynolds‐number external aerodynamics","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Turbulent Flows","field":"Engineering","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Royal Military College of Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Aerodynamics; Turbulence; Reynolds number; Airfoil; Mechanics; Reynolds stress equation model; Computational fluid dynamics; Laminar flow; Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations; Physics; Reynolds stress; Shear stress; Mathematics; K-epsilon turbulence model; K-omega turbulence model","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03613108216363869,"gpt":0.3267662760974144,"spread":0.2906351939337757,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001372354,0.0003530982,0.000393777,0.0001482098,0.000159601,0.0001125713,0.0009570122,0.0001754978,0.00004126042],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000166401,0.0002894497,0.0004889316,0.0001700544,0.0000718376,0.0003245264,0.00005128431,0.000638529,0.000005126098],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002725211,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005583095,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001680222,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001431593,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9975687,0.0001078471,0.0009638714,0.0003200058,0.0004804813,0.0005591287],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986628,0.0005108461,0.0001194011,0.0002404539,0.000290695,0.0001758237],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004219325,0.0003120464,0.002599162,0.000097561,0.0004348492,0.00004335512,0.001802219,0.8576297,0.05386569,0.007586343,0.0004721119,0.07473508],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001020257,0.00005348134,0.0004464118,0.0001317415,0.000054986,0.00008820146,0.00004292914,0.9718174,0.01172426,0.01398447,0.0002926773,0.0003432005],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.09959187,0.0001335905,0.8955141,0.0001365755,0.003512339,0.0003823713,0.0002162409,0.0000808254,0.0004320223],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.4586274,0.0002766146,0.5399248,0.0002780226,0.0005225511,0.0001508202,0.00003210038,0.0001239539,0.00006369217],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3590356,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999558,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2010661806","doi":"10.1002/fld.2512","title":"On the use of sensitivity analysis in model reduction to predict flows for varying inflow conditions","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Model Reduction and Neural Networks","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"Air Force Office of Scientific Research","keywords":"Inflow; Robustness (evolution); Sensitivity (control systems); Flow (mathematics); Parameter space; Computational fluid dynamics; Reynolds number; Computer science; Reduction (mathematics); Mathematics; Applied mathematics; Mathematical optimization; Mechanics; Turbulence; Geometry; Physics; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1608099103228497,"gpt":0.4177131233616005,"spread":0.2569032130387508,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008105766,0.0001071097,0.0002265569,0.0003598555,0.00007229138,0.000034765,0.0001461837,0.00003900631,0.0001142472],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002371522,0.00008244969,0.000286936,0.0003570147,0.00002703663,0.0001833948,0.00003017517,0.0002373332,6.183147e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000066616,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003202192,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007604277,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002391238,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987972,0.0002472968,0.0004462891,0.0001761701,0.0001746556,0.0001584392],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986394,0.0008221213,0.0001265929,0.0001124066,0.0002290193,0.00007045748],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005143373,0.0002512736,0.001151706,0.000001747175,0.0003650166,9.355937e-7,0.0004078847,0.938229,0.007051732,0.02220966,0.0006785929,0.02913814],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003377692,0.00007044477,0.0005660623,0.00002841068,0.00006176507,0.00000428209,0.00004695341,0.9526038,0.003830218,0.04215143,0.000214196,0.00008470131],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1372311,0.000002022707,0.8612503,0.0004439336,0.0006220592,0.000247687,0.00008668714,0.000004936222,0.0001112697],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6859779,0.000002267815,0.313572,0.0001070309,0.0001812668,0.00007211236,0.00001423685,0.000009169787,0.00006405917],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5487469,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3362201,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2057901099","doi":"10.1002/fld.1797","title":"On the use of anisotropic <i>a posteriori</i> error estimators for the adaptative solution of 3D inviscid compressible flows","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Computational Fluid Dynamics and Aerodynamics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Inviscid flow; Estimator; A priori and a posteriori; Applied mathematics; Mathematics; Flow (mathematics); Anisotropy; Compressible flow; Mathematical optimization; Classification of discontinuities; Compressibility; Mathematical analysis; Geometry; Physics; Mechanics; Statistics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.09638204923274703,"gpt":0.3691679895122836,"spread":0.2727859402795366,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00039345,0.0001368328,0.0002315185,0.000122791,0.0001164559,0.00002929709,0.0003906216,0.0000498114,0.0000290567],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000831678,0.00008908488,0.0001768561,0.0001599707,0.00009322595,0.0001270899,0.00004999504,0.0002119565,5.266231e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001209631,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005046929,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001784395,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004381976,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987499,0.0001129348,0.000552347,0.0001121512,0.0003157764,0.000156942],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9941947,0.005164164,0.0001335727,0.0001140696,0.0003560968,0.00003741013],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002449541,0.00008102743,0.0001619249,0.0000159521,0.0002066498,0.000002923728,0.0003045105,0.9554355,0.01068213,0.01097571,0.00198783,0.01990089],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004403575,0.0001549962,0.001702885,0.00006992697,0.00001613567,0.00003968013,0.00002404391,0.9889179,0.0005306241,0.005303953,0.002708848,0.00009057365],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.0546439,0.0001048843,0.9426972,0.0004351306,0.00152708,0.0002713919,0.0002858099,0.00001273311,0.00002184098],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.2442565,0.00008160208,0.7552497,0.0001548402,0.0001142776,0.0000550833,0.00002465028,0.00003041395,0.00003290296],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1896126,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3632776,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2169827841","doi":"10.1002/fld.1607","title":"A method to discretize non‐planar fractures for 3D subsurface flow and transport simulations","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Groundwater flow and contamination studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Discretization; Fracture (geology); Mechanics; Grid; Flow (mathematics); Geometry; Hexahedron; Finite element method; Geology; Mesh generation; Planar; Geotechnical engineering; Computer science; Mathematics; Engineering; Physics; Structural engineering; Mathematical analysis","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02401176094768661,"gpt":0.415124486622042,"spread":0.3911127256743554,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002082908,0.000161302,0.0002448504,0.000134971,0.0001793238,0.00005659079,0.0002752461,0.00007184636,0.0001736151],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002740164,0.0001339587,0.0001153896,0.000170293,0.00005289242,0.0002050886,0.00005009162,0.0001627562,0.000004597655],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001883221,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001006437,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007060291,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006637404,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984946,0.0000936467,0.0004840069,0.0002845191,0.0003484915,0.0002947219],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982954,0.001299943,0.00007772936,0.00007815297,0.00008418733,0.0001645671],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005764855,0.0001217393,0.03134255,0.000006602096,0.0001162371,0.00001614768,0.001993231,0.009812166,0.02991368,0.0002827644,0.0007785736,0.9250398],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002754748,0.0004879356,0.3333819,0.00005444617,0.00008935976,0.0001185091,0.0004872487,0.1072631,0.01120116,0.0104561,0.5330826,0.0006228175],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.02071537,0.00004074307,0.9763314,0.001668765,0.000628825,0.0003555832,0.00005197601,0.00001277693,0.0001945752],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.1192463,0.000006268988,0.8789979,0.0008119491,0.0001552644,0.00003269446,0.00001076429,0.00001702139,0.0007218643],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.924417,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5462679,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}