{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":7,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":7,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"bb050212de3c","filters":{"venue":"International Journal of Aviation Psychology"}},"results":[{"id":"W2734734081","doi":"10.1080/10508414.2017.1329627","title":"Overview of Self-Reported Measures of Fatigue","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Aviation Psychology","topic":"Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue","field":"Psychology","cited_by":72,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Foundation for Innovation","keywords":"Epworth Sleepiness Scale; Psychology; Burnout; Chronic fatigue; Checklist; Chronic fatigue syndrome; Rating scale; Physical therapy; Clinical psychology; Medicine; Psychiatry; Polysomnography; Developmental psychology","authors":[{"name":"Valerie J. Gawron","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1357323028467494,"gpt":0.4248026071961558,"spread":0.2890703043494064,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007291188,0.0001294244,0.0003374841,0.0005086193,0.00001382545,0.000005253344,0.0005125623,0.0002084325,0.001929105],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002475157,0.00009249208,0.0002272343,0.0001992093,0.00009816429,0.0001640611,0.00002449411,0.0001689084,0.00004531515],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005414915,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006148792,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001898899,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005137772,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974931,0.0002250538,0.001401011,0.0001733418,0.0005596371,0.0001477911],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9957959,0.0002662849,0.002144729,0.0002596522,0.001466386,0.00006706647],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002116913,0.002671995,0.3665136,0.00001318278,0.01077227,0.0002204256,0.00347577,0.00003023862,0.03885502,0.07814468,0.02733558,0.4698503],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01936328,0.001937972,0.921869,0.001712067,0.0007174857,0.001305085,0.0002907277,0.000005233522,0.01665082,0.01381042,0.02175199,0.0005859103],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9020404,0.003049356,0.04889385,0.008348769,0.01352799,0.0002393368,0.00005484948,0.00004626845,0.02379922],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978145,0.0005691753,0.0009051851,0.0003357587,0.0002559992,0.000003552221,0.000004292355,0.00001619289,0.00009537044],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5553554,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9989833,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2061286928","doi":"10.1080/10508414.2012.689208","title":"Cognitive-Adaptation Training for Improving Performance and Stress Management of Air Force Pilots","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Aviation Psychology","topic":"Cognitive Abilities and Testing","field":"Psychology","cited_by":39,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"GDG Environnement","funders":"","keywords":"Mood; Adaptation (eye); Anxiety; Cognition; Stress management; Psychology; Effects of sleep deprivation on cognitive performance; Applied psychology; Stress (linguistics); Clinical psychology; Psychiatry","authors":[{"name":"Marie-Pierre Fornette","is_ca":false},{"name":"Marie-Héloïse Bardel","is_ca":true},{"name":"Camille Lefrançois","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jacques Fradin","is_ca":true},{"name":"Farid El Massioui","is_ca":true},{"name":"René Amalberti","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.08117446996613197,"gpt":0.3851374883184066,"spread":0.3039630183522746,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005808395,0.00008743518,0.0001471709,0.0001944099,0.00003938817,0.000009129239,0.0001210701,0.00005146032,0.00009585503],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001056425,0.00008611028,0.0000610983,0.00005829911,0.00005839182,0.0003035913,0.00002387152,0.0001016321,0.000002705733],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002841079,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001260302,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004564856,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001247636,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989842,0.00005256771,0.000488264,0.0001164946,0.0001851835,0.0001732515],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983048,0.0003359238,0.000652146,0.00005250165,0.0006047106,0.00004990815],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001112343,0.0003407891,0.09586725,0.00008342144,0.0004968048,0.00000601627,0.009686785,0.00003042705,0.0006166406,0.01010696,0.00009500753,0.8815576],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003969325,0.0006651388,0.9808573,0.0002303145,0.0001142657,0.0002286065,0.01114988,0.0003316975,0.0003472061,0.001485827,0.0004850453,0.0001353537],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9190837,0.0002152359,0.07360259,0.0003775544,0.001901153,0.0001744273,0.00004198033,0.000007749421,0.004595593],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9960139,0.00002964742,0.003072873,0.0002372609,0.0003833706,0.00001840866,0.00001855268,0.00001201808,0.0002139872],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8849901,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3511476,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1989753152","doi":"10.1207/s15327108ijap1603_2","title":"Mode Monitoring and Call-Outs: An Eye-Tracking Study of Two-Crew Automated Flight Deck Operations","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Aviation Psychology","topic":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","field":"Psychology","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Engineering Link (Canada)","funders":"European Commission","keywords":"Cockpit; Crew; Mode (computer interface); Eye tracking; Aeronautics; Flight management system; Engineering; Aviation safety; Situation awareness; Simulation; Automation; Point (geometry); Flight simulator; Aviation; Computer science; Aerospace engineering; Human–computer interaction; Artificial intelligence","authors":[{"name":"C. M. Bjorklund","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jens Alfredson","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sidney Dekker","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03174967457131093,"gpt":0.4791118271393099,"spread":0.447362152567999,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004663541,0.0001689254,0.0002950836,0.0006730287,0.0001046591,0.00009229127,0.0003686651,0.0001196288,0.0008317269],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006551832,0.0001643328,0.0000841916,0.0001641377,0.00005620085,0.0006541283,0.00002866463,0.0002961537,0.00004605323],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001017039,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004197368,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000390394,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000207549,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974172,0.0003547569,0.001324677,0.0002626797,0.0004731773,0.0001675759],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976192,0.0001061544,0.0007430652,0.0002215611,0.001223038,0.00008694699],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001612336,0.01050429,0.7857607,0.00001565582,0.00198016,0.0003190197,0.03904965,0.02738551,0.0832076,0.02768959,0.01008071,0.01239479],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004967137,0.0006237855,0.9859352,0.00004864733,0.00006332894,0.0003782714,0.001930777,0.003695727,0.0004859416,0.0006860537,0.0009964966,0.000188641],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9851156,0.00006349878,0.006208059,0.0008706386,0.004559036,0.0001738552,0.00001338747,0.00009088688,0.002905029],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973571,0.00001022507,0.001209436,0.0001805411,0.0008197501,0.00001308983,0.00002370589,0.00002276554,0.0003634228],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2001745,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9106827,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2011084188","doi":"10.1080/10508414.2013.799352","title":"Investigating the Validity of Previous Flying Experience, Both Actual and Simulated, in Predicting Initial and Advanced Military Pilot Training Performance","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Aviation Psychology","topic":"Cognitive Abilities and Testing","field":"Psychology","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Saint Mary's University","funders":"","keywords":"Flight simulator; Aeronautics; Aviation; Flight training; General aviation; Engineering; Training (meteorology); Military aviation; Simulation; Cognition; Applied psychology; Aviation safety; Effects of sleep deprivation on cognitive performance; Psychology; Aerospace engineering","authors":[{"name":"P. John Johnston","is_ca":true},{"name":"Victor M. Catano","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.09051062516500281,"gpt":0.3862275286587411,"spread":0.2957169034937383,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006618355,0.0001052909,0.0001929277,0.0001823836,0.00007613041,0.00001902113,0.0001815531,0.00005512727,0.0001473098],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008829547,0.00008573544,0.00003103169,0.0001016714,0.0002286107,0.000413722,0.00005243741,0.0003113516,0.000001244194],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002684951,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002893155,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001110399,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001503556,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985446,0.0002030475,0.0007105346,0.0001711231,0.0002097105,0.0001609499],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980963,0.0009794208,0.0004778889,0.00008028161,0.000315877,0.00005025481],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001470743,0.0001049264,0.7735621,0.00001405324,0.00007531664,0.000009770809,0.05387919,0.00021995,0.003474795,0.0001968514,0.00002346938,0.1682925],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001868693,0.0006524963,0.9826667,0.0001841438,0.00001184392,0.0003594793,0.009746666,0.002526885,0.00007733987,0.001778673,0.00003748779,0.00008958338],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9971481,0.0002525619,0.0003851926,0.0005254829,0.0007495004,0.0001693258,0.000004341801,0.000007937902,0.0007575558],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985483,0.00007015023,0.0006778964,0.0004741082,0.0001965724,0.00001134702,0.000002538582,0.000009482791,0.000009547006],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2091046,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.349619,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2354998763","doi":"10.1080/10508414.2015.1162642","title":"Flight Examiners’ Methods of Ascertaining Pilot Proficiency","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Aviation Psychology","topic":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","field":"Psychology","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Aeronautics; Engineering; Forensic engineering","authors":[{"name":"Wolff‐Michael Roth","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1744543430986882,"gpt":0.5529785308786614,"spread":0.3785241877799733,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001942066,0.0001322986,0.0002881851,0.0007335658,0.00002670852,0.00002405045,0.0005537287,0.0001087293,0.002640738],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006109434,0.0001189237,0.0001362222,0.0002132413,0.0000870511,0.0002923653,0.00003247387,0.0002923039,0.000189186],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001157951,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000100126,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001994774,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003101051,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9973099,0.0005850747,0.00122562,0.0001914467,0.0005264372,0.00016154],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9960935,0.0002678944,0.001469528,0.000209669,0.001840378,0.0001190015],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.007454183,0.005638332,0.06435165,0.00002452922,0.002960978,0.0002979391,0.05615827,0.0006717679,0.06565276,0.2843804,0.1960416,0.3163675],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01774312,0.006411097,0.6401604,0.0001864828,0.0001723699,0.004071559,0.007976004,0.000999158,0.005741505,0.02362569,0.2921273,0.000785235],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2934965,0.0003821571,0.4089324,0.009606529,0.03644035,0.0002613758,0.0000177008,0.00007610901,0.2507869],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9857677,0.00001234613,0.01067226,0.001138062,0.0005907157,0.000007636762,0.00001127176,0.00001683798,0.001783168],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6922712,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.998271,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2128495684","doi":"10.1080/10508414.2013.833755","title":"Effects of Lighting and Distraction on the Black Hole Illusion in Visual Approaches","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Aviation Psychology","topic":"Visual perception and processing mechanisms","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Distraction; Illusion; Runway; Optical illusion; Simulation; Psychology; Engineering; Computer vision; Computer science; Cognitive psychology; Geography","authors":[{"name":"Chris M. Nicholson","is_ca":true},{"name":"Peter C. Stewart","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05868549271440255,"gpt":0.3585625290364595,"spread":0.2998770363220569,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002749838,0.00006037931,0.00008804404,0.0001834231,0.00003131385,0.00003763276,0.0001528183,0.00005343237,0.0000898737],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004306349,0.00004110202,0.0000321359,0.00009052605,0.00006770324,0.0002292097,0.00001867267,0.0001795374,0.00002651104],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002494237,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001051389,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003500349,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.514603e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991012,0.0001540312,0.0003050728,0.0001093816,0.0002645262,0.00006576224],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991349,0.0003138542,0.0003937667,0.00003781007,0.00009492667,0.00002477312],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001208522,0.0003050997,0.0005180691,0.00001057694,0.000006693333,0.000005915201,0.0009518353,0.0001176012,0.9633416,0.004488506,0.0001362405,0.02999704],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002834772,0.001250483,0.4333658,0.0003232237,0.00001546281,0.0001678902,0.0006395843,0.01138797,0.5201172,0.0291894,0.0004924387,0.0002158378],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9898428,0.000008201672,0.003781463,0.005038368,0.0005664764,0.00008982417,5.233978e-7,0.000004204848,0.0006681093],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983816,0.0000501737,0.00008785917,0.001323445,0.0001076457,0.000003111883,5.688368e-7,0.000004931705,0.00004067477],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4432244,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1676092,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1990377253","doi":"10.1080/10508414.2014.861201","title":"North American<i>Ab Initio</i>Flight Training for Chinese Pilots: A Case Study on Selection","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Aviation Psychology","topic":"International Student and Expatriate Challenges","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"New Brunswick Community College","funders":"","keywords":"Flight training; Aeronautics; Training (meteorology); Selection (genetic algorithm); Engineering; Aviation medicine; Flight simulator; Applied psychology; Medical education; Psychology; Simulation; Computer science; Artificial intelligence; Medicine; Geography; Meteorology","authors":[{"name":"Dorothy F. Turner","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07461508210766764,"gpt":0.4570338287663099,"spread":0.3824187466586423,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001121006,0.0001247739,0.0002279727,0.0004101146,0.0002350692,0.00008090975,0.0003837828,0.00004703053,0.00005250237],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006526441,0.0001101981,0.0001364982,0.0002221855,0.00008138883,0.0002652034,0.00001516106,0.0001937133,0.00001726978],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001747307,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006566092,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000328131,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005472525,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981358,0.0002880629,0.0005292757,0.000189153,0.000673919,0.0001838066],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.997502,0.0004714928,0.0007433317,0.00006382533,0.001136421,0.00008290786],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.003637471,0.00453773,0.4626443,0.000007315747,0.001803259,0.0006822668,0.3690521,0.0005642361,0.0002640436,0.02013672,0.005287229,0.1313834],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01644772,0.01281578,0.6875271,0.00007604872,0.0001965795,0.002380258,0.1728219,0.0004147909,0.00005064977,0.01422929,0.09208336,0.0009565131],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9809309,0.00001029146,0.007032458,0.005983707,0.002924766,0.0002314054,0.000008859485,0.00002471221,0.002852905],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.994995,0.00005728027,0.0003595786,0.00127517,0.003189476,0.00001626662,0.000008656871,0.00001410192,0.00008449727],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2248828,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4493747,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}