{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":6,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":6,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"a1b19c32d397","filters":{"venue":"International Journal of Digital Humanities"}},"results":[{"id":"W3120354622","doi":"10.1007/s42803-020-00029-6","title":"From archive to analysis: accessing web archives at scale through a cloud-based interface","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Digital Humanities","topic":"Advanced Data Storage Technologies","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo; York University","funders":"University of Waterloo; York University; Compute Canada; Andrew W. Mellon Foundation","keywords":"Cloud computing; World Wide Web; Computer science; Interface (matter); Scope (computer science); Mashup; Scale (ratio); Web development; Web service; Web page","authors":[{"name":"Nick Ruest","is_ca":true},{"name":"Samantha Fritz","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ryan Deschamps","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jimmy Lin","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ian Milligan","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03119082774501818,"gpt":0.3008049511167233,"spread":0.2696141233717051,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["scholarly_communication"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00004880402,0.000165536,0.000285684,0.0004522005,0.00008658868,0.001218802,0.002220909,0.0000291462,0.00004981038],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001948018,0.0001531734,0.0002414141,0.0002886934,0.0001773274,0.002532289,0.001362162,0.0001991481,0.00002424498],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001441693,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001319588,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007161641,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006651474,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984041,0.00003577526,0.0004825914,0.0002863004,0.0006062338,0.0001849319],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985079,0.0003890079,0.0003582682,0.0003702627,0.0003188589,0.00005567684],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002325243,0.003680671,0.03982329,0.0001147129,0.01955193,0.01332657,0.1121369,0.1153967,0.1138146,0.2206162,0.02691573,0.3322974],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002676174,0.0006284948,0.004413704,0.001154453,0.0003645369,0.0005249474,0.01217549,0.02186959,0.2418457,0.647766,0.06513856,0.001442354],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2701959,0.0003165288,0.724054,0.001152959,0.0006532406,0.00002878449,0.0003150715,0.00008100701,0.003202492],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9070174,0.00001520147,0.09197813,0.0003620379,0.0002563109,0.000002483951,0.00004365001,0.000009892761,0.0003149013],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6368215,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999818,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3093354771","doi":"10.1007/s42803-021-00032-5","title":"‘Go fish’: Conceptualising the challenges of engaging national web archives for digital research","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Digital Humanities","topic":"Web Data Mining and Analysis","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"ESRC National Centre for Research Methods, University of Southampton; Economic and Social Research Council; UK Research and Innovation; Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; University of Southampton; Aarhus Universitet","keywords":"World Wide Web; Context (archaeology); Scholarship; Web 2.0; Sociology; Computer science; Web service; Political science; Geography","authors":[{"name":"Jessica Ogden","is_ca":false},{"name":"Emily Maemura","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1845535825460962,"gpt":0.3625338833797037,"spread":0.1779803008336076,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["scholarly_communication"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005268804,0.00008553977,0.0001597537,0.0003069433,0.0001471114,0.001324576,0.001310039,0.00001993327,0.00001176479],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000900753,0.00006525098,0.0001994271,0.0001068912,0.0003122196,0.00198047,0.0003479861,0.0002041522,0.000002514344],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004056858,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003430837,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":6.385615e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004207615,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980853,0.00006918749,0.0004292024,0.000147871,0.001114864,0.0001535657],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9956972,0.00198488,0.0002643038,0.0001453434,0.001875255,0.0000330378],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004382542,0.0002551678,0.000400884,0.00003344217,0.0007603269,0.00007372645,0.01320866,0.000185119,0.0004679915,0.9224088,0.008405984,0.0537561],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003594053,0.0009117801,0.002695572,0.001910622,0.00007441601,0.001639006,0.1145495,0.01672509,0.01314274,0.4917134,0.3521523,0.0008914574],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3628291,0.02411347,0.1194446,0.08231595,0.005403898,0.0004614955,0.00376826,0.0001648185,0.4014984],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976146,0.0001356489,0.0008482957,0.0001511678,0.0005111528,0.000002360155,0.00002153869,0.00000700795,0.000708237],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6347855,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997122,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3200657555","doi":"10.1007/s42803-022-00062-7","title":"CKMorph: a comprehensive morphological analyzer for Central Kurdish","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Digital Humanities","topic":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Morpheme; Adjective; Natural language processing; Spectrum analyzer; Artificial intelligence; Adverb; Set (abstract data type); Context (archaeology); Noun; Verb; Word (group theory); Part of speech; Preprocessor; Lexicon; Test set; Linguistics; Programming language","authors":[{"name":"Morteza Naserzade","is_ca":false},{"name":"Aso Mahmudi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Hadi Veisi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Hawre Hosseini","is_ca":true},{"name":"Mohammad Mohammadamini","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05056650297410732,"gpt":0.3146939083321877,"spread":0.2641274053580804,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009623625,0.0001127487,0.0001706834,0.0003385672,0.00005911542,0.0008659805,0.001361063,0.00004238284,0.00001566649],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001420917,0.00008991112,0.0001923194,0.0001334018,0.00008743734,0.001553698,0.0002666286,0.0001414855,0.00001372683],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007819149,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005640342,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002166796,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001075591,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988,0.00001340916,0.0003479233,0.0001362257,0.0004929251,0.0002094508],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998526,0.0001762262,0.0002567164,0.0001033656,0.0008876068,0.00005009261],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000422937,0.0005056212,0.004076441,0.0000975736,0.001136934,0.004084393,0.00624052,0.0002971485,0.004924195,0.6945916,0.1435054,0.1401172],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002130744,0.001040871,0.005568076,0.0003501691,0.00004232434,0.002892447,0.001582639,0.005312038,0.008476349,0.8853391,0.08644556,0.000819705],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3615527,0.002094012,0.6189464,0.006061468,0.005277157,0.0003993353,0.0002750104,0.001153687,0.004240158],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9751524,0.00002085137,0.02319093,0.0004176178,0.0004827951,0.000005023958,0.00002098995,0.000009966358,0.0006993815],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6135997,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8350669,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2980910939","doi":"10.1007/s42803-019-00026-4","title":"Considering the scholarly edition in the digital age: an engagement by the modern language association’s committee on scholarly editions","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Digital Humanities","topic":"Digital Humanities and Scholarship","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Association (psychology); Library science; Media studies; History; Sociology; Psychology; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Julia Flanders","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ray Siemens","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05506636317208099,"gpt":0.2634328620017608,"spread":0.2083664988296798,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["scholarly_communication"],"consensus_categories":["scholarly_communication"],"category_scores_codex":[0.001108979,0.0002344003,0.0002071501,0.0002083633,0.0006023074,0.03442207,0.001538678,0.00005424809,0.0005640556],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004632466,0.0001324638,0.0002204683,0.00004280269,0.0002606595,0.01433655,0.0001256605,0.001249841,0.0001240364],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003216671,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006562831,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004133958,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002989864,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9970966,0.0001724492,0.0006343302,0.0001680711,0.001648321,0.0002802342],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9974102,0.001045634,0.0004969866,0.0002868748,0.0007175176,0.00004283771],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001696835,0.001077892,0.003206289,0.00001879534,0.0006151171,0.0002049382,0.1810253,0.0001240588,0.00004344629,0.7229261,0.08165431,0.008934075],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001364011,0.0007704268,0.002981769,0.0002306656,0.00005148958,0.000117399,0.2000235,0.00003658738,0.00003061237,0.08933695,0.7046337,0.0004229079],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6970186,0.0001971249,0.00000753023,0.004085258,0.002015619,0.0002598459,0.0007271363,0.0000301628,0.2956588],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9785939,0.00001127716,0.000002089479,0.003194242,0.002354173,0.0000186525,0.0001726595,0.0000276628,0.01562529],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6335892,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994494,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4390662579","doi":"10.1007/s42803-023-00081-y","title":"Open Times: The future of critique in the age of (un)replicability","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Digital Humanities","topic":"Digital Humanities and Scholarship","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Transparency (behavior); Scholarship; Newspaper; Workflow; Intertextuality; Sociology; Computer science; Political science; Public relations; Data science; Media studies; Law; Literature; Art","authors":[{"name":"Nathalie Cooke","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ronny Litvack-Katzman","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05236601801137862,"gpt":0.3018597775962916,"spread":0.249493759584913,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["scholarly_communication","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007327289,0.0001387173,0.0002497482,0.0001874395,0.00008632143,0.003270081,0.002102145,0.00003043298,0.001154643],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007946383,0.00007625211,0.0002534149,0.00004309748,0.0006431108,0.002622403,0.0002224042,0.0003326141,0.000007012672],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004471877,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009118001,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006738702,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005120512,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983225,0.00006783084,0.0007511709,0.0001134006,0.0006199424,0.0001251539],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985047,0.0004868767,0.0002396358,0.000198861,0.0005536545,0.00001630281],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006905205,0.0001879648,0.0001377211,0.0000520714,0.0001548577,0.0001008709,0.04278784,0.000003816359,0.00000447968,0.9468145,0.003386423,0.006300389],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002923963,0.0003292695,0.0007943712,0.0003899995,0.00003034709,0.0001177904,0.07304899,0.000006794662,0.00007157695,0.3495011,0.5752846,0.0001327204],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3864295,0.002955305,0.00001007447,0.003159276,0.001832367,0.0002558585,0.0004678197,0.0000140602,0.6048758],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.993902,0.00005676871,0.000006248618,0.0004247368,0.001141785,0.000006840957,0.00002071235,0.0000142362,0.004426722],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6074725,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997584,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404923341","doi":"10.1007/s42803-024-00092-3","title":"Botaganda: examining how bots shape political discourse on twitter through the lens of interaction alignment","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Digital Humanities","topic":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"York University; Government of Ontario","keywords":"Politics; Through-the-lens metering; Lens (geology); Sociology; Political science; Media studies; Physics; Optics; Law","authors":[{"name":"Sophia Melanson Ricciardone","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1416948169542027,"gpt":0.3883316628967648,"spread":0.2466368459425621,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["scholarly_communication"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002415113,0.00008272839,0.0001036807,0.0001313771,0.00009866803,0.001084872,0.000283178,0.00002989254,0.0003039957],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002219082,0.00005375798,0.0001069003,0.00004580807,0.0002772706,0.002833034,0.00003424652,0.0001634221,0.00002146599],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002042516,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001291879,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002657429,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001447481,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998533,0.00003767465,0.0003118049,0.00005679549,0.0009068083,0.0001539855],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991845,0.0002898067,0.0001826302,0.00005112716,0.0002510012,0.00004097302],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005961796,0.00008407266,0.0001298854,0.00001169521,0.0002138216,0.00002538249,0.1032284,0.00002123524,0.00003468008,0.880945,0.007447358,0.007798795],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006071875,0.0007241493,0.003489724,0.001240676,0.00006457364,0.0001514086,0.6223814,0.0001842177,0.0009223945,0.02885648,0.3410951,0.0002826499],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6791967,0.00009143644,0.0002633633,0.01717215,0.002577979,0.00007054192,0.00004107166,0.00002014592,0.3005666],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9954898,0.00003968628,0.00001196472,0.0008005686,0.0009819102,4.848621e-7,0.000004010732,0.000006970141,0.002664619],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8520885,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999521,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}