{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":57,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":57,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"c1ff48de88f8","filters":{"venue":"International Journal of Engine Research"}},"results":[{"id":"W2009079109","doi":"10.1243/14680874jer01408","title":"Characterizing the cyclic variability of ignition timing in a homogeneous charge compression ignition engine fuelled with <i>n</i> -heptane/iso-octane blend fuels","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Engine Research","topic":"Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":103,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Homogeneous charge compression ignition; Combustion; Mean effective pressure; Materials science; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Ignition system; Heptane; Octane; Octane rating; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Compression ratio; Combustion chamber; Organic chemistry; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Mahdi Shahbakhti","is_ca":true},{"name":"Charles Robert Koch","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05848260203543498,"gpt":0.3283898982298967,"spread":0.2699072961944617,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001158987,0.0002025614,0.0001830944,0.0005440203,0.0001473688,0.0001984563,0.0002062704,0.0001600935,0.0004304106],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002539002,0.0001157181,0.0001531702,0.0004759187,0.0002025653,0.0001525533,0.0001313284,0.0001695809,0.00007139354],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002781885,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001522842,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002959408,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004006128,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999222,0.000004756809,0.000004235706,0.00002445642,0.00003123094,0.00001305435],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998239,0.00005724511,0.00004803148,0.00001065787,0.00004598888,0.00001420333],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00112443,0.000129461,0.0602313,0.0001255742,0.00004400489,0.0003168604,0.0001470665,0.007658864,0.9060305,0.00008494841,0.0001073502,0.02399959],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000010446,0.0005967395,0.3351774,0.000008042937,0.00004371212,0.0002284073,0.0001149263,0.02997489,0.6332104,0.00006315662,0.0005380501,0.00003374481],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9989299,0.00005146234,0.0006376216,0.000003767495,0.000002509798,0.000004133981,0.00008681037,0.0000193132,0.0002644865],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991707,0.00004442375,0.0004363991,0.000002733627,0.000001460542,0.000004428414,0.0001810248,0.000006485807,0.0001523759],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002959408,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005884349,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3088824206","doi":"10.1177/1468087420953085","title":"Future gasoline engine ignition: A review on advanced concepts","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"International Journal of Engine Research","topic":"Plasma Applications and Diagnostics","field":"Medicine","cited_by":63,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Windsor","funders":"Canada Foundation for Innovation; University of Windsor","keywords":"Ignition system; Homogeneous charge compression ignition; Combustion; SPARK (programming language); Automotive engineering; Laser ignition; Gasoline; Ignition timing; Minimum ignition energy; Petrol engine; Nuclear engineering; Computer science; Environmental science; Combustion chamber; Internal combustion engine; Engineering; Aerospace engineering; Waste management; Chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Shui Yu","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ming Zheng","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1296969158089337,"gpt":0.5361626967523091,"spread":0.4064657809433754,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006594468,0.001142224,0.001293722,0.003527834,0.0003267892,0.001223978,0.001065691,0.001026607,0.004440206],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008148234,0.0004646066,0.0009583593,0.003026328,0.0004611221,0.002139795,0.0006801925,0.001365155,0.001754991],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006400425,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001445708,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001270666,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001827916,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999732,0.00003090746,0.00004811422,0.00005960001,0.0001047528,0.00002465721],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995629,0.0002270372,0.00007347575,0.00001299995,0.00009854417,0.00002492685],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009019631,0.0001108401,0.000228982,0.07055132,0.0001339491,0.0002526508,0.0001394068,0.001064926,0.003218833,0.009857871,0.02166923,0.8926818],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000906848,0.0001046357,0.0005515994,0.007044449,0.0001333537,0.0007617652,0.00006650603,0.0001680788,0.0008207294,0.002298527,0.9880156,0.00002561047],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0001474458,0.9985266,0.0001647666,0.0001107262,0.0001493884,0.000005502921,0.00001795753,0.000006151252,0.0008714793],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0006250195,0.99856,0.0001968162,0.00008311696,0.00009953063,0.000005941769,0.00002792696,0.000001633652,0.0003999388],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.004440206,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01485401,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2147938797","doi":"10.1243/146808704772914282","title":"Improving emissions and performance characteristics of lean burn natural gas engines through partial stratification","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Engine Research","topic":"Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":52,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Lean burn; Mean effective pressure; Environmental science; Bandwidth throttling; Fuel efficiency; Brake specific fuel consumption; Automotive engineering; Combustion; Natural gas; Homogeneous charge compression ignition; Air–fuel ratio; Internal combustion engine; Engineering; Waste management; NOx; Combustion chamber; Chemistry; Compression ratio; Mechanical engineering","authors":[{"name":"Conor C. O. Reynolds","is_ca":true},{"name":"R. L. Evans","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03657875751149281,"gpt":0.3483336707909976,"spread":0.3117549132795048,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001748997,0.0002122267,0.0002433064,0.000205019,0.0001312075,0.0002173249,0.0002396919,0.000141787,0.0004304728],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002769513,0.00009169987,0.0001649264,0.0002057848,0.0001251605,0.0002542022,0.0001378632,0.0001090941,0.0001074813],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001817254,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002400491,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001293897,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003229165,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999896,0.00000726983,0.000006033635,0.00001056222,0.00006042298,0.00001960047],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998893,0.00002372477,0.00002211862,0.000007323647,0.00004335017,0.00001410717],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006537377,0.0000873251,0.005103772,0.00008835961,0.00001302099,0.00006441701,0.00004171468,0.005189643,0.9732916,0.0001339352,0.00005505304,0.01527754],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002127853,0.00135206,0.02640324,0.000003247299,0.0000245532,0.0001345767,0.00002953257,0.01305303,0.9582142,0.0000838853,0.0006642094,0.00001617219],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9968793,0.00009896478,0.00252924,0.000004682889,0.000001756917,0.000005932147,0.00004510541,0.00003563575,0.000399273],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982513,0.00007211936,0.001005784,0.000003190409,0.000001047957,0.000004255073,0.0001362414,0.000006908431,0.0005190611],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001293897,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002572715,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2040363629","doi":"10.1243/14680874jer02008","title":"Combustion in a heavy-duty direct-injection engine using hydrogen—methane blend fuels","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Engine Research","topic":"Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"AUTO21 Network of Centres of Excellence; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Combustion; Methane; Environmental science; Waste management; Natural gas; Diesel fuel; Diesel engine; Internal combustion engine; Chemistry; Automotive engineering; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"Gordon McTaggart-Cowan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Steven N. Rogak","is_ca":true},{"name":"Sandeep Munshi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Philip G. Hill","is_ca":true},{"name":"W. Kendal Bushe","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06031270995414353,"gpt":0.3887942030195036,"spread":0.3284814930653601,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00036532,0.0002932372,0.0003722984,0.0002315879,0.0003638099,0.0003434252,0.0003698698,0.0002911468,0.0007411502],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002453393,0.000165328,0.0003044594,0.0001876387,0.0002627213,0.0002518237,0.0002292913,0.0002313941,0.0001062292],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004065219,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003012309,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004799422,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006054982,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998877,0.00001524146,0.000009217076,0.00002143212,0.00004530305,0.00002109715],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998869,0.00004527417,0.00001774951,0.000008177677,0.00002454153,0.00001740315],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002900739,0.0004612772,0.004738422,0.0001472797,0.00002909282,0.0002129545,0.0001015685,0.003740747,0.9804671,0.0001658205,0.0000597878,0.006975212],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000832704,0.001179433,0.008264131,0.000004504609,0.00002003185,0.00006547479,0.00005487711,0.01451637,0.975489,0.00004634669,0.0002644827,0.00001210896],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9993242,0.00004484474,0.0003847593,0.000006823281,0.000005901899,0.000007107659,0.00001992087,0.000008339354,0.0001981226],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985032,0.00006488447,0.0008304663,0.000005200532,0.000001857423,0.000003185999,0.00004522932,0.000003643188,0.0005423237],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.004799422,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009543002,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2922680550","doi":"10.1177/1468087419836877","title":"Parametric study of pilot-ignited direct-injection natural gas combustion in an optically accessible heavy-duty engine","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Engine Research","topic":"Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of British Columbia","keywords":"Natural gas; Combustion; Ignition system; Diesel fuel; Homogeneous charge compression ignition; Exhaust gas recirculation; Diesel engine; Waste management; Environmental science; Nuclear engineering; Combustion chamber; Chemistry; Automotive engineering; Engineering; Aerospace engineering","authors":[{"name":"Jeremy Rochussen","is_ca":true},{"name":"Gordon McTaggart-Cowan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Patrick Kirchen","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05851569362451115,"gpt":0.3987144907007665,"spread":0.3401987970762554,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002907751,0.0003971533,0.0003729014,0.0001905116,0.0001983542,0.0003690485,0.0005161313,0.0003967306,0.000615354],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001040048,0.0002107164,0.0003070268,0.0001698752,0.0005329116,0.0002584484,0.0002994216,0.000341747,0.00005675941],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002347129,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002194015,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001113559,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007309894,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998437,0.00002002412,0.000008229522,0.00003274865,0.00006300476,0.00003224798],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994198,0.0004058167,0.00007327177,0.00004063745,0.00003546808,0.00002500988],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.003087368,0.0006019418,0.01553318,0.0004540838,0.00006531848,0.001316081,0.0008191421,0.10021,0.8569985,0.0006861249,0.000166335,0.02006199],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001503591,0.00386118,0.04257223,0.00002314726,0.00007515541,0.0003516417,0.0003727927,0.3643154,0.5873196,0.0003077219,0.0005575696,0.00009327623],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9975703,0.00002926648,0.001906034,0.000009795006,0.00000315889,0.00002021968,0.00004721805,0.00002744859,0.0003864677],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995685,0.00001385785,0.0003085969,0.00000148786,6.733279e-7,0.00000710241,0.0000111556,0.00000215175,0.00008649421],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001113559,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002214134,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2152272868","doi":"10.1243/146808703322743912","title":"A supercharged heavy-duty diesel single-cylinder research engine for high-pressure direct injection of natural gas","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Engine Research","topic":"Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":43,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Diesel fuel; Cylinder; Natural gas; Automotive engineering; Diesel engine; Exhaust gas recirculation; Heavy duty; Equivalence ratio; Environmental science; Engineering; Internal combustion engine; Mechanical engineering; Waste management; Combustion; Chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Gordon McTaggart-Cowan","is_ca":true},{"name":"W. Kendal Bushe","is_ca":true},{"name":"Philip G. Hill","is_ca":true},{"name":"Sandeep Munshi","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.08854816113379925,"gpt":0.3912002995401888,"spread":0.3026521384063895,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007409585,0.0004346742,0.0008395764,0.000586172,0.0006598161,0.0003598768,0.0008584686,0.0003295467,0.001718842],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004934173,0.0002522904,0.0004134485,0.000525964,0.0003293052,0.0004461086,0.0003094749,0.0003599336,0.0004759355],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005148295,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001178161,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002320156,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004177114,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994861,0.00003556942,0.00002092039,0.0000704468,0.0003254756,0.0000613947],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994748,0.00008102225,0.00004683197,0.0001028162,0.00019401,0.0001005212],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002016516,0.0006368606,0.00531402,0.0004074023,0.00004634006,0.0003486964,0.00007725116,0.004165506,0.9518582,0.000637471,0.0007777853,0.03371403],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002644376,0.004209439,0.01814193,0.00001456946,0.00006417247,0.0006410552,0.00004712695,0.01238285,0.9551774,0.0001095947,0.008895173,0.00005231758],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9884766,0.0003116934,0.008153547,0.0000384597,0.00006735438,0.0002803186,0.0005030241,0.0004204538,0.001748474],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.977865,0.0002139537,0.015836,0.00002024306,0.00001315539,0.0001384833,0.001118532,0.00004167018,0.004752972],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002320156,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00575012,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2086489947","doi":"10.1177/146808740000100101","title":"Multidimensional simulation of diesel engine cold start with advanced physical submodels","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Engine Research","topic":"Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":38,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Diesel fuel; Vaporization; Ignition system; Combustion; Mechanics; Fuel injection; Range (aeronautics); Cold start (automotive); Nuclear engineering; Automotive engineering; Spray characteristics; Diesel engine; Environmental science; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Engineering; Physics; Composite material; Spray nozzle","authors":[{"name":"Andreas Lippert","is_ca":false},{"name":"D W Stanton","is_ca":false},{"name":"C. J. Rutland","is_ca":false},{"name":"William L.H. Hallett","is_ca":true},{"name":"Rolf D. Reitz","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03643786176237886,"gpt":0.3688991074552412,"spread":0.3324612456928623,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004896986,0.0005444496,0.0006981203,0.0004254023,0.000561483,0.001074122,0.0008606801,0.001235496,0.001923134],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001226592,0.0004723712,0.0007603177,0.0003528504,0.0007595117,0.0005243929,0.000653127,0.0008639576,0.0001985844],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001183649,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001275042,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01415814,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006502002,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998518,0.00003985021,0.000008367208,0.00001798396,0.00004571647,0.00003617274],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993379,0.0003933908,0.00006601616,0.00004296925,0.00008357921,0.00007617365],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002622907,0.00002556902,0.0006098541,0.000008322622,0.000005412805,0.00003132167,0.00001342274,0.9977349,0.0006721684,0.0004308221,0.0000327416,0.0004091602],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006922215,0.00001233968,0.0001478909,8.908857e-7,0.000001226971,0.000002391914,0.000005246018,0.9994506,0.000223473,0.00008865997,0.0000580974,0.000002199765],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9372106,0.0001559265,0.05424649,0.0002067054,0.00004637112,0.0001165508,0.000485082,0.0003311878,0.007201153],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9836441,0.0001033533,0.01367815,0.00004336662,0.000009237875,0.0001954341,0.0002950396,0.00004357295,0.001987616],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01415814,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02815145,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2792375029","doi":"10.1177/1468087418756538","title":"Characterization of reaction zone growth in an optically accessible heavy-duty diesel/methane dual-fuel engine","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Engine Research","topic":"Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of British Columbia","keywords":"Diesel fuel; Methane; Mechanics; Reaction rate; Chemistry; Environmental science; Automotive engineering; Physics; Engineering; Catalysis","authors":[{"name":"Jeremy Rochussen","is_ca":true},{"name":"Patrick Kirchen","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05242297056378882,"gpt":0.3883025561305208,"spread":0.335879585566732,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000163965,0.0001900884,0.0001056455,0.0004456401,0.0001098119,0.0002167326,0.0002640268,0.0001551731,0.0005254075],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002247193,0.000114748,0.0001234988,0.0001462341,0.000238764,0.0001679667,0.0001630444,0.0002379055,0.00007393185],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002067579,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001305874,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002464465,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002169668,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999429,0.000004493634,0.000003074057,0.00001375672,0.00002421279,0.00001155399],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998465,0.00004132682,0.00004352528,0.000008637147,0.00004186871,0.00001817139],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002454782,0.00003612005,0.003602451,0.00003748155,0.00000550529,0.00007249557,0.00009804132,0.001311071,0.9904928,0.00009395663,0.00003045163,0.003974097],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001006454,0.0002765991,0.05354778,0.000006299692,0.00001791749,0.00009955468,0.0001246704,0.02034892,0.9251913,0.00003979069,0.0003160664,0.00002106378],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9963536,0.00007110112,0.003041149,0.000006833383,0.000003507488,0.000008545005,0.00007997607,0.00003867287,0.0003964916],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9971781,0.00007600054,0.00229873,0.000005206449,0.00000207212,0.00000898911,0.00006587939,0.000008902806,0.0003561928],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002464465,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004900277,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2884182060","doi":"10.1177/1468087418788491","title":"Development and experimental validation of a real-time capable field programmable gate array–based gas exchange model for negative valve overlap","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Engine Research","topic":"Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","keywords":"Ignition system; Homogeneous charge compression ignition; Valve timing; Automotive engineering; Engineering; Real gas; Combustion chamber; Gate array; Ignition timing; Mechanical engineering; Combustion; Simulation; Internal combustion engine; Mechanics; Field-programmable gate array; Physics; Aerospace engineering; Chemistry; Embedded system","authors":[{"name":"David Gordon","is_ca":true},{"name":"Christian Wouters","is_ca":false},{"name":"Maximilian Wick","is_ca":false},{"name":"Feihong Xia","is_ca":false},{"name":"Bastian Lehrheuer","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jakob Andert","is_ca":false},{"name":"Charles Robert Koch","is_ca":true},{"name":"Stefan Pischinger","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06392995996231716,"gpt":0.3803525079701629,"spread":0.3164225480078457,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002921584,0.0003955754,0.0003690691,0.0001923025,0.0002987492,0.0005644374,0.001081241,0.0005755087,0.001443917],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004625685,0.0002075731,0.0004191475,0.0001543992,0.0003599843,0.000484838,0.0002744646,0.0006301717,0.0003366991],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005330711,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001146821,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006678721,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004698939,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998547,0.00001549454,0.000006406332,0.00002693591,0.00007977725,0.00001674156],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999799,0.00007551931,0.00002699687,0.00002905864,0.00005945979,0.000009906564],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007948256,0.0001022632,0.0009517051,0.00009353249,0.00001073589,0.00007401408,0.00006529222,0.9375221,0.05001762,0.002527597,0.0003372841,0.00821844],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000107655,0.00006473304,0.0002612072,0.000004281088,0.000004312707,0.000009741922,0.000006301842,0.981038,0.01710863,0.0001691564,0.001315653,0.000007147068],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4062666,0.0002540149,0.574721,0.000216039,0.0001222519,0.0003608882,0.0006905374,0.002366451,0.01500227],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9561275,0.0001530012,0.03796066,0.00002310939,0.000005769783,0.0002143983,0.0003213577,0.00007467604,0.005119504],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.006678721,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01327974,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3041036705","doi":"10.1177/1468087420936949","title":"A correlation-based model order reduction approach for a diesel engine NO <sub>x</sub> and brake mean effective pressure dynamic model using machine learning","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Engine Research","topic":"Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada First Research Excellence Fund","keywords":"Support vector machine; Reduction (mathematics); Model order reduction; Mean effective pressure; Diesel engine; Artificial neural network; Algorithm; Relevance vector machine; Nonlinear system; Artificial intelligence; Computer science; Machine learning; Engineering; Mathematics; Automotive engineering; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Armin Norouzi","is_ca":true},{"name":"Masoud Aliramezani","is_ca":true},{"name":"Charles Robert Koch","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03523508203400916,"gpt":0.3259594662530511,"spread":0.290724384219042,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005927761,0.00118139,0.001139291,0.0005720977,0.0007077806,0.00079817,0.00103337,0.0006614247,0.002393183],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001108686,0.0006720607,0.001718642,0.0005569718,0.0003787283,0.000672473,0.0005334459,0.001904195,0.0009041723],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001091424,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002465939,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0247256,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02008007,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995909,0.0000684019,0.00003125622,0.00009095962,0.0001754504,0.00004307878],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994536,0.0001980627,0.00007977499,0.00004997112,0.0001987705,0.00001982965],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004728142,0.000078611,0.0007266783,0.0001473932,0.00006565652,0.00009946786,0.00006963778,0.9166277,0.005767185,0.0041218,0.001010402,0.07123815],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002296424,0.00001569338,0.0001172547,0.000002375189,0.000006883766,0.000008673609,0.000003959594,0.9983442,0.0006408478,0.000418417,0.0004343523,0.000004947658],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.00894451,0.0002095947,0.9878749,0.0001038926,0.00003612288,0.00005987365,0.00006161033,0.0007920272,0.001917499],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6250938,0.0006340112,0.3636934,0.000183328,0.00008808317,0.0005328331,0.0008242134,0.0003285668,0.008621787],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0247256,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04916334,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2004736269","doi":"10.1243/146808704773564578","title":"No <sub>x.</sub> reduction from a heavy-duty diesel engine with direct injection of natural gas and cooled exhaust gas recirculation","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Engine Research","topic":"Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Exhaust gas recirculation; Turbocharger; Diesel fuel; Natural gas; Diesel engine; Environmental science; Exhaust gas; Combustion; Diesel exhaust; Waste management; Automotive engineering; Chemistry; Engineering; Gas compressor; Mechanical engineering","authors":[{"name":"Gordon McTaggart-Cowan","is_ca":true},{"name":"W. Kendal Bushe","is_ca":true},{"name":"Philip G. Hill","is_ca":true},{"name":"Sandeep Munshi","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02012542349024232,"gpt":0.3016866242357319,"spread":0.2815612007454896,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001733278,0.0003742345,0.0003683458,0.0001619706,0.0002247718,0.0002591056,0.0003832139,0.0002006122,0.0006699303],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001344214,0.0001403845,0.0003079615,0.0001327684,0.0002103439,0.0001417545,0.0002014161,0.0002042845,0.0001376445],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003312145,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003122524,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005313145,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008427043,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998311,0.00001401728,0.00001133837,0.00002639236,0.00008828754,0.00002886323],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999114,0.00001210086,0.00002131709,0.000008064678,0.00003332384,0.00001373755],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008975328,0.0001161226,0.001966557,0.0001234564,0.00002128793,0.0000977512,0.00002834097,0.0006838806,0.9905915,0.00003954333,0.00005939114,0.005374692],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000235848,0.0007524348,0.0088582,0.000002580637,0.00002137839,0.00005460169,0.0000161819,0.0009105655,0.9885432,0.000008415887,0.000803346,0.000005542275],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9989248,0.00009407765,0.000385853,0.000008437606,0.000005966111,0.00001732289,0.0000544915,0.00002354536,0.0004854431],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9954129,0.0001456909,0.00184254,0.00001676796,0.000002724694,0.00001506364,0.0003171365,0.00001750375,0.002229655],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.005313145,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01056445,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3211607336","doi":"10.1177/14680874211055546","title":"Support vector machine based emissions modeling using particle swarm optimization for homogeneous charge compression ignition engine","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Engine Research","topic":"Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; University of Alberta","keywords":"Support vector machine; Feature selection; Particle swarm optimization; Homogeneous charge compression ignition; Diesel engine; Combustion; Artificial neural network; Computer science; Compression ratio; Combustion chamber; Engineering; Machine learning; Automotive engineering; Internal combustion engine; Chemistry","authors":[{"name":"David Gordon","is_ca":true},{"name":"Armin Norouzi","is_ca":true},{"name":"Gero Blomeyer","is_ca":true},{"name":"Julian Bedei","is_ca":false},{"name":"Masoud Aliramezani","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jakob Andert","is_ca":false},{"name":"Charles Robert Koch","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1180219649604781,"gpt":0.4044273591607613,"spread":0.2864053942002832,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003329501,0.0005773618,0.0006011609,0.0003288826,0.0002662234,0.0007146359,0.0004749183,0.0008464541,0.000698243],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005299263,0.0002994978,0.0007165256,0.0002783179,0.0002735088,0.0003367086,0.0002891967,0.0005093793,0.0001207749],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004173547,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004993129,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01252946,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00498361,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999197,0.00002717191,0.000006014491,0.00001406263,0.00002097665,0.00001215149],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997551,0.0001437455,0.00003543832,0.000008284588,0.0000483967,0.000009123508],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001294387,0.00001399889,0.0003707569,0.00001203605,0.000008118068,0.00001992556,0.000007068857,0.9966792,0.0004178622,0.0001281956,0.00004361507,0.00228641],"study_design_scores_gemma":[7.577424e-7,0.000004359326,0.00006726012,6.065068e-7,7.867501e-7,7.326844e-7,0.000001237102,0.9998112,0.00006828015,0.00002680466,0.00001717474,6.702115e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4452381,0.0008250422,0.5451052,0.0003291052,0.00008803311,0.0001202131,0.0002446171,0.0004837833,0.007565974],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9816145,0.0001687319,0.01601332,0.00002041131,0.00001039295,0.00007666584,0.000117477,0.00001313404,0.00196526],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01252946,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02491307,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2605232561","doi":"10.1177/1468087417699753","title":"Numerical studies of the ignition characteristics of a high-pressure gas jet in compression-ignition engines with glow plug ignition assist: Part 1—Operating condition study","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Engine Research","topic":"Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Ignition system; Spark plug; Nuclear engineering; Homogeneous charge compression ignition; Mechanics; Ignition timing; Natural gas; Jet (fluid); Materials science; Autoignition temperature; Mechanical engineering; Chemistry; Engineering; Combustion; Waste management; Combustion chamber; Physics; Aerospace engineering","authors":[{"name":"Kang Pan","is_ca":true},{"name":"James S. Wallace","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07895864328288367,"gpt":0.4050433063868687,"spread":0.326084663103985,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003390433,0.0004779035,0.0006644689,0.0005383958,0.0006202337,0.000689676,0.000658463,0.0009540864,0.001295606],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001480612,0.0002571795,0.0005545357,0.0005092252,0.0007956522,0.0004764553,0.0003822283,0.0005497736,0.0001295746],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000835804,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007282302,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009372522,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006417787,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998399,0.00002331045,0.00001091893,0.00002000675,0.00006083658,0.00004495993],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991916,0.0005128944,0.00008929513,0.00005020437,0.0001121449,0.00004383131],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004067158,0.0002704468,0.008522598,0.0001101563,0.00002753488,0.0003756628,0.0001387873,0.9613167,0.02350571,0.001019885,0.0002021948,0.004103575],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003658045,0.0001850253,0.003708656,0.000007236119,0.00001071715,0.00005712589,0.00009315729,0.9836342,0.01188331,0.0001575689,0.0002102039,0.00001612835],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9937025,0.00007533887,0.002863575,0.00005650396,0.00001087461,0.00002677969,0.0001623003,0.00005929419,0.003042751],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973862,0.00003791916,0.001936047,0.000008756258,0.000002327455,0.00001412941,0.0001218478,0.00001194081,0.0004808728],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.009372522,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01863593,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2148150012","doi":"10.1177/1468087410395873","title":"Effects of different cetane number enhancement strategies on HCCI combustion and emissions","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Engine Research","topic":"Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Shell (Canada); Natural Resources Canada; National Research Council Canada","funders":"Natural Resources Canada","keywords":"Cetane number; Diesel fuel; Combustion; Homogeneous charge compression ignition; Ignition system; Exhaust gas recirculation; Environmental science; Autoignition temperature; Waste management; Soot; Automotive engineering; Chemistry; Combustion chamber; Biodiesel; Engineering; Aerospace engineering; Organic chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Vahid Hosseini","is_ca":true},{"name":"W. Stuart Neill","is_ca":true},{"name":"Hongsheng Guo","is_ca":true},{"name":"Wally Chippior","is_ca":true},{"name":"Craig Fairbridge","is_ca":true},{"name":"K. Mitchell","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04507673365725612,"gpt":0.3608804276281355,"spread":0.3158036939708794,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002945112,0.0004445329,0.0003426142,0.0003134637,0.0001712016,0.0003611902,0.0002532983,0.0002758024,0.0008023102],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000496187,0.0001727415,0.0002434786,0.0002681434,0.0002300029,0.0003921932,0.0002478453,0.0004465122,0.0001561318],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002364325,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002200186,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008572772,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001478953,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997746,0.00002576992,0.00002228821,0.00004957442,0.00007737839,0.00005040768],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996966,0.0001054278,0.00007498749,0.00001924092,0.00007008473,0.00003374949],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001116938,0.0002579738,0.001076036,0.0001815871,0.0000240524,0.0000714667,0.00005222247,0.001110197,0.9869642,0.00005355698,0.00003540916,0.009056592],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001253743,0.0008094869,0.002766037,0.000005131377,0.00002511475,0.00002185437,0.00002282114,0.00120293,0.9947583,0.000009999919,0.0003585854,0.000007095482],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9983485,0.0004871493,0.000503802,0.00001187859,0.00001010517,0.00002116677,0.00004111931,0.00001859229,0.0005576524],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9963809,0.0006799723,0.00202118,0.00002333076,0.000006884468,0.00002249758,0.00007347551,0.00001677737,0.0007750461],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0008572772,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002683997,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2766917832","doi":"10.1177/1468087417736997","title":"Numerical studies of the ignition characteristics of a high-pressure gas jet in compression ignition engines with glow plug ignition assist: Part 2-Effects of multi-opening glow plug shields","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Engine Research","topic":"Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Spark plug; Ignition system; Shield; Shields; Nuclear engineering; Diamond; Materials science; Combustion; Engine knocking; Ignition timing; Mechanics; Homogeneous charge compression ignition; Composite material; Electromagnetic shielding; Mechanical engineering; Chemistry; Combustion chamber; Geology; Engineering; Physics; Thermodynamics","authors":[{"name":"Kang Pan","is_ca":true},{"name":"James S. Wallace","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07210329468389239,"gpt":0.3844427281885306,"spread":0.3123394335046383,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004251251,0.0006362527,0.0008484898,0.0006527394,0.0009991289,0.001010649,0.001001853,0.002008248,0.001976337],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001747348,0.0003977098,0.0009375268,0.0007164048,0.001176686,0.0006139594,0.0006454868,0.0009243816,0.0001579178],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001076792,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00122132,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02434681,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01196729,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997953,0.00003490171,0.00001293983,0.00002861408,0.00005080001,0.00007749283],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999043,0.0005216739,0.0001565211,0.0000470123,0.0001447879,0.00008694233],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001950689,0.00013535,0.003984987,0.00008832556,0.00002273974,0.000341637,0.0000876093,0.9881077,0.004109158,0.00100636,0.0002443592,0.001676699],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002359904,0.00005240318,0.001288676,0.000009183901,0.000008472233,0.00002300274,0.00006458414,0.9972042,0.001066981,0.0001061681,0.0001420142,0.00001066067],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.983858,0.0002590366,0.006743165,0.0002688573,0.00005633958,0.00005606623,0.000259395,0.00008742322,0.008411644],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.995788,0.00007772996,0.002624854,0.00002783645,0.000007327184,0.00003392491,0.0001136328,0.00001445217,0.00131213],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02434681,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04841018,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4206632655","doi":"10.1177/14680874211070736","title":"Physical-oriented and machine learning-based emission modeling in a diesel compression ignition engine: Dimensionality reduction and regression","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Engine Research","topic":"Vehicle emissions and performance","field":"Engineering","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Overfitting; Dimensionality reduction; Principal component analysis; Lasso (programming language); Diesel engine; Artificial intelligence; Machine learning; Computer science; Support vector machine; Reduction (mathematics); Ignition system; Exhaust gas recirculation; Artificial neural network; Engineering; Internal combustion engine; Automotive engineering; Mathematics","authors":[{"name":"Aran Mohammad","is_ca":false},{"name":"R. Rezaei","is_ca":false},{"name":"Christopher Hayduk","is_ca":false},{"name":"Thaddaeus Delebinski","is_ca":false},{"name":"Saeid Shahpouri","is_ca":true},{"name":"Mahdi Shahbakhti","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0506410992557028,"gpt":0.3399782133996073,"spread":0.2893371141439045,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004701665,0.0005796432,0.0005774623,0.0003458592,0.0002971981,0.0005665738,0.0003701727,0.000473724,0.0003070842],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007521639,0.0002222497,0.000802144,0.000344123,0.0002689632,0.0003170091,0.0002449616,0.0005295019,0.0001053978],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004233808,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006264251,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01530296,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006508658,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998252,0.00005889844,0.0000127752,0.00003708653,0.00004855844,0.00001764015],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997646,0.0001355419,0.00002935078,0.00002141177,0.00004335146,0.000005763895],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002897468,0.00006169079,0.001898355,0.00003368364,0.00002153589,0.00005453958,0.00002370783,0.9858765,0.003277296,0.0006936913,0.0001092586,0.007920788],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000114294,0.000007698346,0.0006702923,0.0000012137,0.000002610518,0.000004196214,0.000004911554,0.9981238,0.00101623,0.0001042929,0.00005982254,0.000003730998],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7807057,0.0005397251,0.2141321,0.0003041665,0.00003018396,0.0000761903,0.0002966628,0.0004002142,0.003515052],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9861661,0.0001979197,0.01244525,0.00001421237,0.000006597807,0.00005372645,0.0002332271,0.00001777081,0.0008651503],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01530296,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03042775,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2415888113","doi":"10.1177/1468087415611030","title":"Calibration strategy of diesel-fuel spray atomization models using a design of experiment method","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Engine Research","topic":"Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"École de Technologie Supérieure","funders":"","keywords":"Nozzle; Calibration; Spray characteristics; Design of experiments; Bar (unit); Mechanics; Spray nozzle; Experimental data; Diesel fuel; Materials science; Simulation; Automotive engineering; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Mathematics; Physics; Meteorology","authors":[{"name":"Jonathan Brulatout","is_ca":true},{"name":"François Garnier","is_ca":true},{"name":"Christine Mounaïm–Rousselle","is_ca":false},{"name":"Patrice Seers","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.3169539761930221,"gpt":0.4718565483571127,"spread":0.1549025721640906,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005726192,0.001514186,0.0007871598,0.0006287636,0.0004392984,0.0006134342,0.001235236,0.0008385122,0.001528594],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005271428,0.0005189073,0.001023082,0.0004800773,0.0003116243,0.0005006737,0.0006278298,0.0009615609,0.0001899203],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007425015,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001125831,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001270424,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001369956,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977586,0.001093527,0.0001389879,0.0003748298,0.0005388628,0.00009508128],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9974962,0.001364125,0.000316824,0.0002712898,0.0005206834,0.00003083281],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001406658,0.001996478,0.005801722,0.001439099,0.0003625455,0.0001932841,0.0004667068,0.5939015,0.2485082,0.009545361,0.0007075831,0.1356708],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002235122,0.00300428,0.00262836,0.00003276861,0.0001749971,0.00004679637,0.00005819111,0.8553492,0.1330106,0.001645927,0.003744719,0.00008061049],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.10358,0.0001790498,0.8926604,0.00004158459,0.00003644107,0.001383208,0.0001896326,0.0005856474,0.001343983],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.4931465,0.0001997376,0.5021582,0.00004396259,0.000007349192,0.003351393,0.0002089734,0.00005537231,0.0008284827],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.005726192,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03028333,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2937496838","doi":"10.1177/1468087419841744","title":"Development and experimental validation of a field programmable gate array–based in-cycle direct water injection control strategy for homogeneous charge compression ignition combustion stability","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Engine Research","topic":"Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","keywords":"Homogeneous charge compression ignition; Ignition system; Combustion; Automotive engineering; Mean effective pressure; Engine knocking; Valve timing; Ignition timing; Combustion chamber; Nuclear engineering; Materials science; Compression ratio; Engineering; Internal combustion engine; Chemistry; Aerospace engineering","authors":[{"name":"David Gordon","is_ca":true},{"name":"Christian Wouters","is_ca":false},{"name":"Maximilian Wick","is_ca":false},{"name":"Bastian Lehrheuer","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jakob Andert","is_ca":false},{"name":"Charles Robert Koch","is_ca":true},{"name":"Stefan Pischinger","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04608116140583016,"gpt":0.3480741913045903,"spread":0.3019930298987601,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005310504,0.0005696442,0.0003376971,0.0003603294,0.0002550677,0.0004585268,0.001232988,0.0004315686,0.001831617],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007782729,0.0001551949,0.0001966336,0.0002404268,0.0002859639,0.0003768485,0.0002138307,0.0003590747,0.00036501],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004559693,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006305823,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001556749,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00171308,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995492,0.00002625084,0.00002146008,0.00009122634,0.0002531374,0.00005872236],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994405,0.00008797801,0.00009211509,0.00006948922,0.0002701251,0.00003988471],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002422204,0.0004259395,0.0006615477,0.0002624322,0.00002172601,0.0001137846,0.0001473432,0.007648163,0.955839,0.000669674,0.0005597628,0.03340833],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003618625,0.001316278,0.001457275,0.000009062504,0.00001361267,0.00004507543,0.00002378724,0.03806015,0.9564245,0.00006929784,0.002524074,0.00002084246],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.8186501,0.0003926429,0.1697198,0.0001543565,0.0002665775,0.0008371718,0.0005930304,0.002094775,0.007291446],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9667116,0.0001070746,0.03027699,0.00003618477,0.000009686544,0.0002049596,0.0001177761,0.00007063053,0.002464959],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001831617,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006127357,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3110689194","doi":"10.1177/1468087420978014","title":"Soot and combustion models for direct-injection natural gas engines","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Engine Research","topic":"Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Soot; Combustion; Natural gas; Plume; Nuclear engineering; Spark plug; Materials science; Mechanics; Chemistry; Environmental science; Thermodynamics; Physics; Engineering; Organic chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Kang Pan","is_ca":true},{"name":"James S. Wallace","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07071263207758743,"gpt":0.3637030134168711,"spread":0.2929903813392837,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002532141,0.0006209932,0.0004428158,0.0003057028,0.0002669376,0.0004805205,0.0009972536,0.0007636484,0.0008814428],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004448194,0.0002685333,0.0009634707,0.0002874087,0.0003565293,0.0006793807,0.0003939821,0.0004849011,0.0002429086],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005459881,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006393358,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005580143,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003500763,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998763,0.00002053959,0.000008232238,0.0000225154,0.00005926267,0.00001322252],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998577,0.0000629702,0.00001969336,0.00001205014,0.00003903165,0.000008684762],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002858949,0.00002302905,0.0004810543,0.00006833949,0.00001150764,0.00006191541,0.00001785461,0.9788883,0.007412146,0.01008889,0.00009811714,0.002820315],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004133123,0.00001181561,0.0001523453,0.000002542742,0.000002923779,0.00001223435,0.000004159208,0.9966615,0.00125151,0.001208323,0.0006841234,0.000004375843],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1828582,0.001456469,0.7962196,0.0001510188,0.0002209855,0.0002080311,0.0005650439,0.0003319068,0.0179888],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9331285,0.001325286,0.05200757,0.00005839618,0.00004137452,0.0002749489,0.0004901726,0.0001071522,0.01256659],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.005580143,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01109535,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402588717","doi":"10.1177/14680874241272898","title":"Transient NOx emission modeling of a hydrogen-diesel engine using hybrid machine learning methods","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Engine Research","topic":"Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"NOx; Transient (computer programming); Diesel engine; Automotive engineering; Diesel fuel; Environmental science; Homogeneous charge compression ignition; Computer science; Chemistry; Engineering; Combustion; Combustion chamber","authors":[{"name":"Saeid Shahpouri","is_ca":true},{"name":"David Gordon","is_ca":true},{"name":"Mahdi Shahbakhti","is_ca":true},{"name":"Charles Robert Koch","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.100675063661122,"gpt":0.453168446136954,"spread":0.352493382475832,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000203413,0.0005269184,0.000360694,0.0002731794,0.0001793709,0.0003992763,0.000532861,0.0004572083,0.0006343963],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002712131,0.0002340952,0.0007183378,0.0001750115,0.0001924868,0.0003757232,0.0002458793,0.0003789862,0.0001266445],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004843375,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004618486,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01141604,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007472089,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999175,0.00001364487,0.000005313902,0.00002732668,0.00002484471,0.00001137719],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999026,0.00004250501,0.00001411355,0.000007548116,0.00002839914,0.000004846747],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002350431,0.00001836191,0.0006297686,0.00002283145,0.00001429123,0.00002277347,0.0000106202,0.9894517,0.002241721,0.0003662036,0.00006690623,0.00713143],"study_design_scores_gemma":[5.378616e-7,0.000003237666,0.00007573457,4.066976e-7,8.548507e-7,0.000001015197,8.64285e-7,0.9995907,0.000251262,0.00004801213,0.00002661682,7.737285e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4021506,0.000656041,0.5862117,0.0001672204,0.0000670619,0.00005887158,0.0002775737,0.001190868,0.009220073],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9882642,0.0001058064,0.009559629,0.00001799006,0.000005953069,0.00005094284,0.0001484599,0.00001750806,0.001829447],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01141604,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02269918,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2943195709","doi":"10.1177/1468087419846018","title":"Effect of fuel composition on properties of particles emitted from a diesel–natural gas dual fuel engine","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Engine Research","topic":"Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"Natural Resources Canada","keywords":"Analytical Chemistry (journal); Differential mobility analyzer; Diesel fuel; Scanning mobility particle sizer; Particle (ecology); Chemistry; Materials science; Particle size; Particle number; Condensation particle counter; Particle-size distribution; Chromatography; Physics; Volume (thermodynamics); Thermodynamics","authors":[{"name":"Ali Momenimovahed","is_ca":true},{"name":"Fengshan Liu","is_ca":true},{"name":"Kevin A. Thomson","is_ca":true},{"name":"Gregory J. Smallwood","is_ca":true},{"name":"Hongsheng Guo","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02143328678663799,"gpt":0.2869942114896482,"spread":0.2655609247030102,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002294592,0.0003039435,0.0003484591,0.0002875488,0.0002192099,0.0004224698,0.0002735104,0.0002973739,0.0004850453],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005527802,0.0002141128,0.0002508042,0.000181605,0.0001804255,0.000251359,0.0002083029,0.0002722177,0.0001296196],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001843425,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009411394,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000919427,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001210938,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997919,0.00001929726,0.00002069185,0.00004511368,0.00008923696,0.00003367824],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997254,0.0000976034,0.00004956707,0.00001196457,0.00008450037,0.0000309789],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001165425,0.0001029378,0.009598116,0.0001099643,0.00004672685,0.0002453803,0.00006522841,0.001184263,0.9808677,0.00004397719,0.00004504799,0.006525284],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001297134,0.0005827733,0.06154659,0.0000101548,0.00004156231,0.0001308361,0.0001126604,0.003320335,0.9337655,0.00002808526,0.0004294726,0.00001909831],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9991242,0.0002032053,0.0003480103,0.000006461195,0.00000699355,0.000004421465,0.00003805561,0.000009123518,0.0002595141],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990822,0.0001426916,0.0003163491,0.00001019012,0.000002289765,0.000005238231,0.0001179485,0.000009872667,0.0003131983],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.000919427,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.001828074,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3029894865","doi":"10.1177/1468087420917769","title":"Homogeneous charge compression ignition combustion stability improvement using a rapid ignition system","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Engine Research","topic":"Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Homogeneous charge compression ignition; Ignition system; Combustion; Materials science; Carbureted compression ignition model engine; Automotive engineering; Minimum ignition energy; Combustion chamber; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Engineering; Physics","authors":[{"name":"David Gordon","is_ca":true},{"name":"Christian Wouters","is_ca":false},{"name":"Shota Kinoshita","is_ca":false},{"name":"Maximilian Wick","is_ca":false},{"name":"Bastian Lehrheuer","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jakob Andert","is_ca":false},{"name":"Stefan Pischinger","is_ca":false},{"name":"Charles Robert Koch","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1365601603538814,"gpt":0.3631408071954928,"spread":0.2265806468416114,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016605,0.0003038661,0.0002464985,0.0002820131,0.0001481049,0.0003027121,0.0004453649,0.0002194569,0.001125586],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002186807,0.0001032192,0.0002083345,0.0001921916,0.0001176384,0.0003004298,0.0002927464,0.0002164375,0.0002227561],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002856718,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003520326,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009562939,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001013864,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998875,0.000006244434,0.000005953409,0.0000235028,0.0000616771,0.00001515683],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999022,0.00002407646,0.00001828766,0.00001429076,0.00003352474,0.000007680071],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005269176,0.000222334,0.001442838,0.0002558443,0.00002957729,0.0001771193,0.00007169726,0.0929029,0.8032287,0.002063333,0.0009493041,0.09812947],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006040783,0.0004525095,0.002211442,0.000007833733,0.00002758578,0.00007710873,0.00001175363,0.4914951,0.5014194,0.0003096424,0.003898282,0.000028868],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.725826,0.000748373,0.2570082,0.0001107443,0.0001431016,0.0001663085,0.0001648605,0.003936009,0.0118964],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9792259,0.0001327175,0.01864872,0.00001699959,0.00001082272,0.00003299466,0.00006927115,0.00003937653,0.001823144],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001125586,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003765404,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3132452891","doi":"10.1177/1468087421993961","title":"Eulerian–Lagrangian CFD-microphysics modeling of a near-field contrail from a realistic turbofan","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Engine Research","topic":"Advanced Aircraft Design and Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"École de Technologie Supérieure; Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Turbofan; Nozzle; Turbulence; Mechanics; Jet (fluid); Aerospace engineering; Computational fluid dynamics; Environmental science; Meteorology; Downwash; Radiative transfer; Airplane; Physics; Engineering; Vortex; Optics","authors":[{"name":"Sébastien Cantin","is_ca":true},{"name":"Mohamed Chouak","is_ca":true},{"name":"François Morency","is_ca":true},{"name":"François Garnier","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03848469700373081,"gpt":0.3368310456715642,"spread":0.2983463486678334,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001252284,0.0004417969,0.0002702652,0.0002385877,0.0003045021,0.000512159,0.0004691339,0.0005949382,0.0008076137],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002625438,0.0001551293,0.0004427596,0.0001948869,0.0003100513,0.0002410928,0.0003202735,0.0003096578,0.0001158281],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000589071,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006852425,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01540134,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006464047,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999477,0.00001024693,0.000003656738,0.00001090993,0.00001355814,0.00001389245],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999052,0.00003400643,0.00001941911,0.000009573585,0.00001719598,0.0000145327],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003553148,0.00003575341,0.003094305,0.00001900157,0.000009629757,0.0001077955,0.00003078171,0.9891266,0.005775452,0.0005937901,0.0000483288,0.001123038],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006396659,0.00002594897,0.001646869,0.000002681688,0.000003816743,0.00001739777,0.0000103711,0.9968609,0.001187207,0.00009054638,0.0001435096,0.000004371529],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9742546,0.00009179774,0.01929783,0.00005612778,0.00001524015,0.00003922321,0.0003820469,0.00009468805,0.00576848],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9953237,0.00006336782,0.003045587,0.000008122775,0.000004225276,0.00002367336,0.0002308052,0.00001179923,0.001288838],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01540134,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03062338,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4214935587","doi":"10.1177/14680874221082636","title":"Experimental performance and emissions of additively manufactured high-temperature combustion chambers for micro-gas turbines","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Engine Research","topic":"Combustion and flame dynamics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","keywords":"Combustor; Combustion; Electricity generation; Ignition system; Automotive engineering; Process engineering; Nuclear engineering; Combustion chamber; Environmental science; Mechanical engineering; Power (physics); Engineering; Aerospace engineering","authors":[{"name":"Adamos Adamou","is_ca":false},{"name":"Aaron Costall","is_ca":false},{"name":"James Turner","is_ca":false},{"name":"Andy Jones","is_ca":false},{"name":"Colin Copeland","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01803526957466603,"gpt":0.3004297100120095,"spread":0.2823944404373434,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005176818,0.0006005441,0.0003574096,0.0004342183,0.0003490188,0.0003787933,0.0007760804,0.0006565377,0.001622704],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009427381,0.0003528686,0.0003957014,0.0003141871,0.0004855336,0.0003696578,0.0003778938,0.0004555634,0.0002704603],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004608279,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002277167,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006314841,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00137718,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999,0.00007452261,0.00005590093,0.0001772979,0.0005813274,0.0001110036],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990841,0.0002324176,0.0002342698,0.0001329127,0.0002509154,0.00006534218],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004130345,0.0001330019,0.001767188,0.0002043803,0.00001960585,0.0002143528,0.0001581977,0.003634907,0.9884335,0.000160961,0.000129041,0.004731884],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001941201,0.001068295,0.005861463,0.000009682063,0.00001770309,0.00007771848,0.0000534353,0.003499254,0.9886609,0.00001728962,0.0006966723,0.00001809997],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9974731,0.0002069218,0.00148474,0.00001569966,0.00002440643,0.00003086069,0.0002068099,0.00008276378,0.0004747259],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9959566,0.0001089347,0.003019267,0.000009189555,0.000006539903,0.00004238417,0.00009749758,0.00003316458,0.0007265455],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001622704,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005428493,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2119769629","doi":"10.1177/1468087415575646","title":"Clean combustion enabling with ethanol on a dual-fuel compression ignition engine","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Engine Research","topic":"Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Windsor","funders":"","keywords":"Homogeneous charge compression ignition; Diesel engine; Exhaust gas recirculation; Automotive engineering; NOx; Mean effective pressure; Diesel fuel; Combustion; Diesel cycle; Compression ratio; Naturally aspirated engine; Environmental science; Ignition system; Diesel exhaust; Carbureted compression ignition model engine; Waste management; Internal combustion engine; Combustion chamber; Engineering; Chemistry; Aerospace engineering","authors":[{"name":"Xiaoye Han","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ming Zheng","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jimi Tjong","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1057887236847245,"gpt":0.3853735903484805,"spread":0.279584866663756,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001221712,0.0003571611,0.0003256748,0.0003709682,0.0001800658,0.0002737376,0.0004797747,0.0002032079,0.0009174734],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001186949,0.0001304874,0.0002147745,0.0002769811,0.0001556789,0.0002594683,0.0003634109,0.0002921445,0.0003131963],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002314969,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001878089,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001513147,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002470581,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998178,0.000007377724,0.000008446173,0.00002681875,0.0001160472,0.00002353438],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999437,0.000005467496,0.00001094845,0.00000769989,0.00002436065,0.000007800333],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001894688,0.0000800521,0.000454585,0.00009570197,0.000005895125,0.0001332516,0.00001499787,0.000697724,0.9921583,0.00009389328,0.0000578244,0.006018352],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000141432,0.0003036275,0.002348295,0.000003965672,0.00001182635,0.00004452081,0.00001185345,0.003877213,0.9925667,0.00001405084,0.0007968414,0.000006908944],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9941183,0.0003224357,0.003499461,0.00002716762,0.00002824886,0.0000252537,0.0000998965,0.0001175081,0.001761761],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9933878,0.0003619305,0.003692044,0.00001445797,0.000006077245,0.00001573159,0.0001579959,0.00001869065,0.002345303],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001513147,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003069222,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2171748792","doi":"10.1177/1468087412442122","title":"Influence of O <sub>2</sub> -enriched intake air with CO <sub>2</sub> dilution on the combustion process of an optically accessible spark-ignition engine","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Engine Research","topic":"Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"École de Technologie Supérieure","funders":"","keywords":"Combustion; Dilution; Exhaust gas recirculation; Ignition system; Laminar flame speed; Flame speed; Laminar flow; Spark-ignition engine; Oxygen; Internal combustion engine; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Limiting oxygen concentration; Combustion chamber; Carbon monoxide; Chemistry; Diffusion flame; Materials science; Automotive engineering; Mechanics; Thermodynamics; Combustor; Environmental chemistry; Engineering; Organic chemistry; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Patrice Seers","is_ca":true},{"name":"Fabrice Foucher","is_ca":false},{"name":"Christine Mounaïm–Rousselle","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03351338943917126,"gpt":0.3449862639107614,"spread":0.3114728744715901,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001749863,0.0004311874,0.0003329809,0.0001043344,0.0002519579,0.0004231972,0.0002281966,0.0002743725,0.0006768639],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005810822,0.0001962571,0.000193882,0.00008687975,0.0003765675,0.0002802997,0.0002141722,0.0002694987,0.0001162707],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002464038,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002029194,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001429528,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001826093,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998645,0.0000236426,0.00000957022,0.0000271673,0.00004200416,0.00003323624],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996269,0.0002052455,0.00006737841,0.0000160851,0.00004616304,0.00003828536],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001518159,0.00006763681,0.001386088,0.00007002796,0.00001919738,0.0001087448,0.00004244698,0.001007294,0.9935476,0.00002498334,0.00002308236,0.002184714],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001796086,0.0002671594,0.0041405,0.000002582352,0.00002244439,0.00002769407,0.00002478286,0.001606492,0.9937407,0.00000799285,0.0001359319,0.000005746183],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9993356,0.0001074772,0.0002981664,0.00001266467,0.000005319254,0.000004460143,0.00002545234,0.00001454684,0.0001961835],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989924,0.0001160239,0.0005791731,0.00001761262,0.000004408016,0.000003832422,0.00002854501,0.00001109655,0.0002468712],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001429528,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002842486,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2057091260","doi":"10.1177/146808740400500602","title":"Effect of operating condition on particulate matter and nitrogen oxides emissions from a heavy-duty direct injection natural gas engine using cooled exhaust gas recirculation","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Engine Research","topic":"Vehicle emissions and performance","field":"Engineering","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Exhaust gas recirculation; Particulates; NOx; Combustion; Mean effective pressure; Environmental science; Ignition system; Chemistry; Natural gas; Nitrogen oxide; Automotive engineering; Compression ratio; Engineering; Physics; Thermodynamics","authors":[{"name":"Gordon McTaggart-Cowan","is_ca":true},{"name":"Steven N. Rogak","is_ca":true},{"name":"Philip G. Hill","is_ca":true},{"name":"W. Kendal Bushe","is_ca":true},{"name":"Sandeep Munshi","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02193578830133449,"gpt":0.34217311378004,"spread":0.3202373254787055,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003882243,0.0005984633,0.0005208942,0.0003056303,0.0002451436,0.0005144677,0.0005933769,0.0003798648,0.001252237],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001097414,0.0003530089,0.0003531323,0.0001803685,0.0002957205,0.000493878,0.0002892519,0.0003206077,0.0002627128],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003363828,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002759353,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001945532,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002414097,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996978,0.00004210958,0.00003595213,0.00007351763,0.00009011915,0.00006050695],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993161,0.0003363595,0.0001237551,0.00004348809,0.0001194718,0.00006079207],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.004820834,0.0003069108,0.005290865,0.0001784871,0.00005099676,0.0002260969,0.00009899132,0.002082012,0.9803681,0.00003087184,0.00006852444,0.006477378],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009342119,0.004132936,0.03033393,0.00001025955,0.0001057687,0.0001387366,0.00008338916,0.003801049,0.9608852,0.0000181329,0.0003584703,0.00003864993],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9995146,0.0000787962,0.0002150284,0.000005629316,0.000004983394,0.000005651482,0.00003799711,0.00001917684,0.000118094],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989311,0.00008924061,0.0004981331,0.00001090366,0.000003827208,0.000007922321,0.0001392118,0.00001704953,0.0003025516],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001945532,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004189134,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2017972515","doi":"10.1177/1468087412461268","title":"Diesel pressure departure ratio algorithm for combustion feedback and control","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Engine Research","topic":"Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Windsor","funders":"","keywords":"Exhaust gas recirculation; Combustion; Diesel engine; Mean effective pressure; Automotive engineering; Crank; Homogeneous charge compression ignition; Diesel fuel; Diesel cycle; Naturally aspirated engine; Internal combustion engine; Engineering; Compression ratio; Cylinder; Combustion chamber; Mechanical engineering; Chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Usman Asad","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ming Zheng","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03481289425785967,"gpt":0.3605158997953233,"spread":0.3257030055374636,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000802168,0.000706483,0.0005141547,0.0003393607,0.0003456008,0.0007874258,0.0009584356,0.0007518954,0.00338525],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002049224,0.0002454207,0.0003551923,0.0003289435,0.0004553906,0.000538072,0.000675668,0.001368803,0.001177412],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006577023,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009547258,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002580894,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00203667,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995893,0.00008102163,0.00002877932,0.00008308693,0.0001844602,0.00003336213],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996198,0.0001837476,0.00003941023,0.00003104045,0.0001124648,0.00001341166],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001795907,0.0001064934,0.0003645732,0.0001367723,0.00002667049,0.00008357169,0.00009631445,0.6514856,0.01046275,0.04353518,0.001764006,0.2917585],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001287586,0.00003628534,0.0000371802,0.000005335993,0.000001926895,0.00001205873,0.00000289464,0.9951676,0.001479465,0.001772828,0.001466982,0.000004642818],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.001552371,0.00008594211,0.9967645,0.00002788044,0.00002795893,0.00004398029,0.000009437279,0.0002826231,0.001205197],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.3056852,0.0002654709,0.6865716,0.0001046976,0.00008475325,0.0005470086,0.0001320431,0.000141754,0.006467586],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00338525,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01132476,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3039856670","doi":"10.1177/1468087420926024","title":"The impact of intake pressure on high exhaust gas recirculation low-temperature compression ignition engine combustion using borescopic imaging","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Engine Research","topic":"Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council; Loughborough University; Royal Academy of Engineering","keywords":"Exhaust gas recirculation; Combustion; Inlet manifold; Mean effective pressure; Soot; Diesel engine; Diesel fuel; Exhaust gas; Chemistry; Materials science; Environmental science; Internal combustion engine; Compression ratio; Thermodynamics; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Asish Kumar Sarangi","is_ca":false},{"name":"CP Garner","is_ca":false},{"name":"GP McTaggart-Cowan","is_ca":true},{"name":"Martin Davy","is_ca":false},{"name":"GK Hargrave","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05012342836646308,"gpt":0.3779155515777152,"spread":0.3277921232112522,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002622403,0.0003548482,0.0002110736,0.0001459022,0.0002344582,0.0003806485,0.0003566784,0.0002260799,0.0006210882],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004122629,0.0001796331,0.0001972337,0.0001157064,0.0003365584,0.000363514,0.0002715709,0.0002765911,0.0001026836],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003127482,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002178126,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001286826,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002052742,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998394,0.00002014397,0.000007326831,0.00003197269,0.00006970995,0.00003137965],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997988,0.00008548542,0.00004429857,0.00001468206,0.00004051303,0.00001615652],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000212493,0.00002933524,0.0009102742,0.00004207966,0.000003676634,0.00005269321,0.00007188399,0.0002283728,0.9959919,0.00002268248,0.00001174404,0.002422823],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003517563,0.0001960937,0.007136046,0.000002087377,0.000006659304,0.0000409135,0.00003374499,0.001254649,0.9911635,0.000008039551,0.0001493809,0.000005407382],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9986228,0.0001141935,0.0009271495,0.000009002219,0.000002877557,0.000006448228,0.00002267907,0.00002862772,0.0002661968],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979352,0.0001184839,0.001555408,0.000006718908,0.000002439722,0.000006346894,0.00003999763,0.00001657449,0.0003187942],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001286826,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002558649,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2772893697","doi":"10.1177/1468087417745441","title":"Hydrocarbon impact on NO to NO <sub>2</sub> conversion in a compression ignition engine under low-temperature combustion","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Engine Research","topic":"Catalytic Processes in Materials Science","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Windsor","funders":"","keywords":"Combustion; Ignition system; Homogeneous charge compression ignition; Environmental science; Compression (physics); Hydrocarbon; Waste management; Petroleum engineering; Autoignition temperature; Compression ratio; Nuclear engineering; Automotive engineering; Internal combustion engine; Thermodynamics; Combustion chamber; Chemistry; Engineering; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Xiao Yu","is_ca":true},{"name":"Shui Yu","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ming Zheng","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02859180853863297,"gpt":0.3745744570138054,"spread":0.3459826484751725,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001642617,0.0003111541,0.0002018311,0.0001695979,0.0001986661,0.0002514631,0.0001762288,0.000226516,0.0009925606],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003721913,0.0001345539,0.0001689077,0.0001450711,0.0002796644,0.0002466283,0.0002014662,0.0002208115,0.000130005],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002595178,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002278966,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002616394,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00457915,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998348,0.00001597119,0.000009072081,0.00002217713,0.00008260164,0.0000353815],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997508,0.00009499206,0.00005453203,0.00001531872,0.00006397903,0.00002031818],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008510622,0.00006662666,0.00476757,0.0001145526,0.00001639105,0.0001229084,0.00004315205,0.002349442,0.9875552,0.00004984237,0.00003379783,0.004029474],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007187332,0.0004912149,0.01822025,0.000003694954,0.00001946934,0.00003263923,0.00004578249,0.00337232,0.9775999,0.00001472061,0.0001853924,0.000007407863],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9992732,0.00007815831,0.0002296105,0.000005846932,0.000003215781,0.000004083082,0.00003450919,0.00001118697,0.0003602555],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992867,0.00009777965,0.0001711102,0.000006571615,0.000001363331,0.000002469348,0.00005667067,0.000004687264,0.0003727246],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002616394,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005202353,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2097468631","doi":"10.1177/1468087411433250","title":"Fuel consumption evaluation of an optimized new hybrid pneumatic–combustion vehicle engine on several driving cycles","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Engine Research","topic":"Vehicle emissions and performance","field":"Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Rimouski; Université du Québec à Chicoutimi","funders":"","keywords":"Internal combustion engine; Automotive engineering; Fuel efficiency; Homogeneous charge compression ignition; Cylinder head; Valve timing; Combustion; Two-stroke engine; Combustion chamber; Diesel cycle; Four-stroke engine; Stroke (engine); Engineering; Diesel fuel; Powertrain; Diesel engine; Petrol engine; Mechanical engineering; Torque; Chemistry; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Tammam Basbous","is_ca":true},{"name":"Rafic Younès","is_ca":true},{"name":"Adrian Ilinca","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jean Perron","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.09606150648890446,"gpt":0.3982755596558093,"spread":0.3022140531669049,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002273447,0.000492413,0.0003805219,0.0005426431,0.0001716964,0.000329852,0.0003439032,0.0002572545,0.0007636743],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000287349,0.0001143589,0.0003541249,0.0003638881,0.000130775,0.0003140733,0.0001794275,0.0001846614,0.000139643],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002956855,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001780094,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002395474,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002241329,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998775,0.00001407729,0.000007608387,0.00002375496,0.0000557803,0.00002134489],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998857,0.0000288217,0.00001101581,0.00001410392,0.0000507312,0.000009598703],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.004127602,0.000641172,0.01686578,0.0009498711,0.000253693,0.0003770039,0.0001269399,0.4815307,0.3873904,0.001206658,0.0008893408,0.1056408],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009458227,0.003241314,0.03277683,0.00002069893,0.0001751433,0.0001389685,0.0001065342,0.5966641,0.362767,0.0004128242,0.003508089,0.00009386645],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9942075,0.0002177517,0.003932298,0.00001241918,0.00001244535,0.00001480463,0.0001706211,0.00006457041,0.001367567],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977716,0.00007798015,0.001416479,0.000003502328,0.00000160529,0.00001107763,0.00024906,0.00001591046,0.0004527954],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002395474,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004763007,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4210784833","doi":"10.1177/14680874221076087","title":"A study on effect of engine operating parameters on NOx emissions and exhaust temperatures of a heavy-duty diesel engine during idling","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Engine Research","topic":"Vehicle emissions and performance","field":"Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"","keywords":"NOx; Exhaust gas recirculation; Diesel engine; Environmental science; Automotive engineering; Diesel fuel; Secondary air injection; Exhaust gas; Waste management; Engineering; Chemistry; Combustion","authors":[{"name":"Shouvik Dev","is_ca":true},{"name":"Simon Lafrance","is_ca":true},{"name":"Brian Liko","is_ca":true},{"name":"Hongsheng Guo","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03301407751580396,"gpt":0.3615265367665103,"spread":0.3285124592507064,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002817833,0.0004383833,0.0005530679,0.0002675211,0.0003634639,0.0004734793,0.0003592568,0.000384014,0.0006466897],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004921666,0.0002193304,0.0005142797,0.0002453919,0.0001889033,0.0004575265,0.0001786368,0.0003821545,0.0002013205],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002509163,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001802731,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001598018,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002612517,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997838,0.00002057739,0.00001955797,0.00006223731,0.00007076909,0.00004309232],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995511,0.0002054351,0.00005724762,0.00003151595,0.0001268813,0.00002779727],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.004427155,0.0009723695,0.0563666,0.0006795085,0.0001457315,0.0008986139,0.0004855923,0.01041142,0.8928685,0.00009275317,0.0003019915,0.03234977],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006589428,0.005664087,0.2408674,0.00002920348,0.0002627728,0.0003706124,0.0007574356,0.01744098,0.7329898,0.00008146563,0.001393576,0.00007676701],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9990873,0.0001417029,0.0003693807,0.000006590059,0.000008018559,0.000008243208,0.00006849927,0.00001227321,0.0002980127],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991061,0.0001043102,0.0003099504,0.000007248647,0.000002414881,0.000007651104,0.0001292855,0.000008778856,0.000324212],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001598018,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003177404,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1983422231","doi":"10.1243/14680874jer06310","title":"Compression ignition of directly injected natural gas with entrained diesel","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Engine Research","topic":"Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Diesel fuel; Ignition system; Carbureted compression ignition model engine; Diesel engine; Homogeneous charge compression ignition; Diesel cycle; Compression ratio; Fuel injection; Exhaust gas recirculation; Natural gas; Engine knocking; Automotive engineering; Nozzle; Combustion; Environmental science; Materials science; Internal combustion engine; Waste management; Engineering; Combustion chamber; Chemistry; Mechanical engineering","authors":[{"name":"Christopher Laforet","is_ca":true},{"name":"B S Brown","is_ca":true},{"name":"Steven N. Rogak","is_ca":true},{"name":"Sandeep Munshi","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02268546224708514,"gpt":0.3492916341397488,"spread":0.3266061718926637,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003385952,0.0005000762,0.0006010305,0.0004549755,0.0001588928,0.0003515239,0.0008700701,0.0002822186,0.001030051],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000630968,0.0002663897,0.0003203911,0.0003886108,0.0003854147,0.0003999483,0.0004864255,0.0004153912,0.0002670667],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005411542,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004326632,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002124037,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003563606,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999431,0.00003961137,0.00002844078,0.00008955713,0.0003442301,0.00006716403],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997177,0.000103323,0.00006278395,0.00002380414,0.00006281522,0.00002955348],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003776914,0.000113574,0.0009290442,0.0001497438,0.00001028818,0.00009615663,0.00008823768,0.0005387279,0.9871473,0.0000758879,0.00003945383,0.01043388],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000116102,0.0003560792,0.002079833,0.00000309988,0.000006564031,0.00005701441,0.000009077985,0.001983436,0.9950427,0.000006077142,0.000438518,0.000006048384],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9916052,0.0003907284,0.006581568,0.00001324084,0.00001648657,0.00006016958,0.0000771456,0.0002346347,0.001020964],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9894684,0.0003592165,0.006374803,0.00001602838,0.000007576534,0.0000368156,0.0002304302,0.00005698116,0.003449938],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002124037,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004223287,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3109901011","doi":"10.1177/1468087420976482","title":"Down-speeding diesel engines with two-stage turbochargers: Analysis and control considerations","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Engine Research","topic":"Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Turbocharger; Automotive engineering; Turbine; Exhaust gas recirculation; Diesel engine; Diesel fuel; Mean effective pressure; Transient (computer programming); Truck; Common rail; Controller (irrigation); Environmental science; Engineering; Computer science; Internal combustion engine; Compression ratio; Aerospace engineering","authors":[{"name":"Daryoush Mirza-Hekmati","is_ca":false},{"name":"William P. Heath","is_ca":false},{"name":"Judith Apsley","is_ca":false},{"name":"James Richard Forbes","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05798046819958216,"gpt":0.3635430331942613,"spread":0.3055625649946792,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001873825,0.00078434,0.0006915718,0.0003656329,0.0002849792,0.001017996,0.0007536174,0.0006222053,0.002675621],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004269542,0.0003014372,0.0005237505,0.0003009088,0.0003453268,0.000441229,0.0002059399,0.0005000822,0.0003697466],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00050705,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003575839,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00817861,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00780935,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999849,0.00002128151,0.000008364105,0.0000275221,0.00006994609,0.00002395332],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997841,0.00009461521,0.00002992691,0.0000202697,0.00006377684,0.000007403673],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007169524,0.0002632289,0.002577856,0.001066594,0.00007184484,0.0006837875,0.0001350675,0.6079301,0.3125619,0.003329914,0.0008492714,0.06981354],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002222228,0.0003864,0.003102423,0.00001037437,0.00003171765,0.00008758041,0.00002738606,0.9666851,0.02793563,0.0004971613,0.001193218,0.00002088972],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6981492,0.003199185,0.2761239,0.0003011736,0.0001089832,0.0002865954,0.0004079809,0.001173378,0.02024966],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9915726,0.0004414537,0.004992377,0.00001265635,0.00001082397,0.00003121907,0.0000753582,0.00002928495,0.002834017],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00817861,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01626205,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3199076626","doi":"10.1177/14680874211046912","title":"Heat release rate and emissions regimes of stratified pilot-ignited direct-injection natural gas combustion","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Engine Research","topic":"Combustion and flame dynamics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University; University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Foundation for Innovation","keywords":"Environmental science; Combustion; Natural gas; Waste management; Nuclear engineering; Petroleum engineering; Chemistry; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"Jeremy Rochussen","is_ca":true},{"name":"Gordon McTaggart-Cowan","is_ca":true},{"name":"Patrick Kirchen","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02871976538431123,"gpt":0.3212519501051304,"spread":0.2925321847208192,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002135126,0.0002322606,0.0002107018,0.0002442875,0.0001423815,0.0002040725,0.0002572217,0.000176574,0.000506653],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003929045,0.0001496285,0.0002333885,0.0001495472,0.000399388,0.000217403,0.0002363658,0.0002331285,0.00007589239],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002464073,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001448017,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001434218,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001133509,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998807,0.00001234284,0.0000111547,0.00003188254,0.00003952664,0.00002436118],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999872,0.00004536745,0.00003240584,0.00001027357,0.00002603686,0.00001400353],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001201045,0.0001340889,0.0096188,0.00007665274,0.00001602328,0.0001372807,0.0001358645,0.004264635,0.9784272,0.0001163981,0.00004484746,0.005827236],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003351901,0.001376707,0.07507536,0.000009376639,0.00002545584,0.00008878153,0.0001331275,0.02302164,0.899855,0.00007749764,0.0002750645,0.00002861442],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9991879,0.00004087255,0.0004970058,0.000003062323,0.000001289352,0.000009828354,0.000058207,0.00001577032,0.0001860158],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993598,0.00003495685,0.0004038467,0.000003092488,6.787726e-7,0.000009528297,0.00006974518,0.000003179216,0.0001152476],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001434218,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002851725,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2119000674","doi":"10.1243/14680874jer590","title":"Comparison of injectors for compression ignition of natural gas with entrained diesel","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Engine Research","topic":"Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Diesel fuel; Injector; Plenum space; Exhaust gas recirculation; Fuel injection; Ignition system; Diesel engine; Winter diesel fuel; Compressed natural gas; Environmental science; Natural gas; Carbureted compression ignition model engine; Nozzle; Nuclear engineering; Waste management; Diesel cycle; Exhaust gas; Automotive engineering; Internal combustion engine; Compression ratio; Engineering; Mechanical engineering","authors":[{"name":"B S Brown","is_ca":true},{"name":"Christopher Laforet","is_ca":true},{"name":"Steven N. Rogak","is_ca":true},{"name":"S R Munsh","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1485540551429184,"gpt":0.4366872482386597,"spread":0.2881331930957413,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001943408,0.0007598592,0.0005933017,0.001005489,0.0002813806,0.0009154062,0.001265372,0.0005152119,0.001885518],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003027708,0.0005036533,0.0004809602,0.0005178037,0.0005263527,0.001177807,0.0005868901,0.0005683077,0.0006772236],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007329387,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006375785,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001185261,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00154324,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983965,0.000172787,0.0001562226,0.0001535438,0.0009484054,0.0001724655],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977328,0.001025987,0.0002542289,0.0001518001,0.0006591437,0.0001761471],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.008513041,0.000768893,0.008894715,0.001464031,0.0002092703,0.000323152,0.000726257,0.002024837,0.8822615,0.001169842,0.0006792884,0.09296502],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002688904,0.004501799,0.0129774,0.00006779146,0.0001380628,0.0003725911,0.0001111399,0.004898863,0.9703016,0.00005746308,0.006234011,0.00007028374],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9583609,0.00484278,0.02996255,0.00008455035,0.0001014227,0.0005480762,0.000441086,0.001464538,0.004194199],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9632204,0.002694949,0.02598903,0.00009770664,0.00004691415,0.000265898,0.001113474,0.0004159649,0.006155626],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001943408,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01027787,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3033056716","doi":"10.1177/1468087420919196","title":"Pyrometric imaging of soot processes in a pilot ignited direct injected natural gas engine","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Engine Research","topic":"Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University; University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Soot; Combustion; Natural gas; Exhaust gas recirculation; Chemistry; Pyrometer; Diesel fuel; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Temperature measurement; Organic chemistry; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Mahdiar Khosravi","is_ca":true},{"name":"Gordon McTaggart-Cowan","is_ca":true},{"name":"Patrick Kirchen","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05901904225336089,"gpt":0.3626365531840754,"spread":0.3036175109307145,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001951591,0.0001878177,0.0001576346,0.0002896774,0.0001072551,0.0002223398,0.0003494514,0.000231813,0.0004475509],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002647616,0.0001548711,0.0001445305,0.0001417443,0.000276819,0.0002689048,0.0002316555,0.0002274425,0.00006519842],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001899442,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001657217,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007076862,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007552555,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999013,0.00001008554,0.00000351626,0.00002158879,0.00004684601,0.00001674783],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998623,0.00005033504,0.0000276689,0.00001177406,0.00002965542,0.00001818162],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003340644,0.00004197803,0.001321153,0.00003597896,0.000004360067,0.0001231405,0.00007200374,0.001129743,0.9928221,0.0000827249,0.00002069829,0.004011958],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001785939,0.0006985501,0.02685196,0.000004189975,0.00001279866,0.0002559481,0.00009025382,0.02351289,0.9479544,0.0000948324,0.0004875375,0.00001883725],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9950989,0.00005907618,0.004291869,0.00000900503,0.000004440485,0.00001074444,0.00003429252,0.00004156952,0.0004502338],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9959947,0.00006656073,0.003428816,0.000005486005,0.00000230452,0.000006132081,0.00003226092,0.00000768364,0.0004562098],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0007076862,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.001497149,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4390741371","doi":"10.1177/14680874231215526","title":"Effects of thermal barrier coating porosity on combustion and heat losses in a light duty diesel engine","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Engine Research","topic":"High-Temperature Coating Behaviors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Energimyndigheten; Chalmers Tekniska Högskola; Canada Excellence Research Chairs, Government of Canada","keywords":"Thermal barrier coating; Materials science; Porosity; Piston (optics); Combustion; Composite material; Combustion chamber; Coating; Diesel engine; Internal combustion engine; Mechanical engineering; Automotive engineering; Chemistry; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"Joop Somhorst","is_ca":false},{"name":"Michael Oevermann","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01506698163386829,"gpt":0.3223389541957093,"spread":0.307271972561841,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002181112,0.0002225477,0.0003915027,0.0002522399,0.0002931369,0.0004477422,0.0002860875,0.0003344676,0.0006292606],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006013288,0.0002211661,0.0002917175,0.0001765319,0.0004817654,0.0002687192,0.0002531955,0.0003181866,0.00006794833],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003986809,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002215592,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002940287,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002496612,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998771,0.000009488368,0.000007353694,0.00001936524,0.0000540955,0.00003255102],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995646,0.0002620311,0.00007335628,0.00002191292,0.00004698735,0.00003116111],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001705737,0.0002546191,0.007316196,0.0001776941,0.00004175796,0.0005840544,0.0001846782,0.04438673,0.9374047,0.0001442919,0.00006803808,0.007731563],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000441004,0.001039754,0.02927496,0.00001081081,0.00005968725,0.0001922455,0.0001673209,0.05445041,0.9144382,0.00007133464,0.0002095392,0.0000415609],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9995852,0.00008302568,0.0001995542,0.000004985638,0.000001827636,0.000001855617,0.00001820355,0.000009715859,0.00009564814],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997751,0.00005027261,0.00008038766,0.000001664205,4.358747e-7,9.191694e-7,0.00001058399,0.000003113967,0.00007750013],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002940287,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005846381,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2020662972","doi":"10.1177/1468087412458267","title":"A phenomenological model of two circular turbulent jets","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Engine Research","topic":"Combustion and flame dynamics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Physics; Mechanics; Phenomenological model; Turbulence; Trajectory; Field (mathematics); Classical mechanics; Position (finance); Statistical physics; Jet (fluid); Mathematics","authors":[{"name":"Ehsan Faghani","is_ca":true},{"name":"Steven N. Rogak","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1005271102400073,"gpt":0.3781692432370399,"spread":0.2776421329970326,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003697801,0.0006956987,0.0006700516,0.0005397021,0.000822585,0.00162474,0.00222308,0.002040216,0.002669227],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006565831,0.0005146421,0.000861107,0.0004401781,0.001495796,0.001467652,0.001003702,0.0009990304,0.0006561367],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007969782,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009846799,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00253473,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007355319,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997538,0.00004024082,0.0000123273,0.00005334191,0.00009166191,0.0000487005],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997496,0.00007046295,0.00004174258,0.00003134411,0.00005800127,0.0000488689],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001131946,0.0001236557,0.0007796068,0.0001297633,0.0000266635,0.0008409108,0.000366042,0.7267127,0.02831957,0.2365847,0.001177759,0.004825543],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001949865,0.00003407165,0.0001676449,0.000006223756,0.000004219396,0.0001153333,0.00002351968,0.9887889,0.0006676899,0.008698006,0.001454984,0.00001997015],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1105806,0.0007643083,0.8410701,0.0007765439,0.0002976692,0.0002427828,0.0003138307,0.0003499379,0.0456043],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9101173,0.0006627355,0.05355617,0.0002556033,0.000125079,0.0003662815,0.0001970739,0.00009562518,0.03462413],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002669227,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008929431,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2318665329","doi":"10.1177/1468087412450812","title":"Required time response of a variable valve actuator equiping a hybrid pneumatic–combustion engine","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Engine Research","topic":"Aerodynamics and Fluid Dynamics Research","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Rimouski; Université du Québec à Chicoutimi","funders":"","keywords":"Valve timing; Automotive engineering; Internal combustion engine; Valve actuator; Actuator; Fuel efficiency; Engineering; External combustion engine; Work output; Combustion; Control theory (sociology); Mechanical engineering; Combustion chamber; Computer science; Electrical engineering","authors":[{"name":"Tammam Basbous","is_ca":true},{"name":"Rafic Younès","is_ca":true},{"name":"Adrian Ilinca","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jean Perron","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0293634562743167,"gpt":0.3326617699434958,"spread":0.3032983136691791,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000429331,0.0004452042,0.0003934822,0.0003164909,0.0003351533,0.0005884854,0.0005268953,0.0005953486,0.004310263],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008239072,0.0001453066,0.0003068288,0.0001188272,0.0001994205,0.0002981827,0.0002413858,0.0002977162,0.0005742046],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002891771,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002193761,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001330825,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009565221,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996589,0.00004652761,0.00001800108,0.00005380703,0.0001521673,0.00007052768],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994691,0.000233492,0.00006829417,0.00004935674,0.0001370496,0.00004273381],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002968755,0.0002414052,0.005036476,0.0008636859,0.00010799,0.0007664614,0.0002894694,0.2270796,0.711011,0.001954,0.001649311,0.04803179],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006171042,0.001988536,0.008856436,0.00003145653,0.00005673024,0.0002094391,0.0001592747,0.6801796,0.3041894,0.000353303,0.003845052,0.00006911009],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9448019,0.0004326228,0.04355254,0.0001594069,0.0001902156,0.00005514617,0.0002317832,0.0009714442,0.009604951],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978827,0.00002547787,0.001047508,0.000008091412,0.000002496525,0.000008791223,0.00003891786,0.00001684646,0.0009691521],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.004310263,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0144192,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4213169133","doi":"10.1177/14680874221078264","title":"Dynamic measurement with in-cycle process excitation of HCCI combustion: The key to handle complexity of data-driven control?","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Engine Research","topic":"Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","keywords":"Control theory (sociology); Combustion; Controller (irrigation); Mean effective pressure; Stability (learning theory); Homogeneous charge compression ignition; Coupling (piping); Process (computing); Computer science; Ignition system; Automotive engineering; Engineering; Internal combustion engine; Mechanical engineering; Combustion chamber; Compression ratio; Chemistry; Control (management)","authors":[{"name":"Julian Bedei","is_ca":false},{"name":"Malte Oberlies","is_ca":false},{"name":"Patrick Schaber","is_ca":false},{"name":"David Gordon","is_ca":true},{"name":"Eugen Nuss","is_ca":false},{"name":"Liguang Li","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jakob Andert","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1297517343716648,"gpt":0.3938010604493649,"spread":0.2640493260777,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000654866,0.0005912745,0.000676067,0.0002245512,0.0002045693,0.0008309924,0.001153767,0.0005776263,0.001241872],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002468215,0.0002633699,0.0002772591,0.0003810319,0.0006249796,0.001367384,0.000734687,0.001111846,0.0003430147],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004056049,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006061881,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007247007,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009699271,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993927,0.00007842968,0.00002333859,0.0001526728,0.0003124027,0.00004043379],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993093,0.0002266177,0.00009186719,0.0001828737,0.0001610517,0.0000283355],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004759301,0.0003618135,0.004981423,0.001048831,0.0001277205,0.0002499692,0.000409464,0.1819483,0.2990869,0.04197201,0.003477819,0.4658597],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001765055,0.0001726336,0.001280817,0.00004663795,0.00002017901,0.0000805458,0.00005358062,0.9086426,0.07067001,0.01178439,0.007187607,0.00004322784],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.03948765,0.0008827475,0.9547687,0.0006803951,0.0001741269,0.00005958474,0.0001157103,0.0007318394,0.003099295],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8802565,0.000879359,0.1166503,0.0002546914,0.0001182692,0.0001484511,0.0002553317,0.0001388482,0.001298174],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001241872,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004154444,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399781828","doi":"10.1177/14680874241255165","title":"Development of a semi-empirical physical model for transient NO <sub>x</sub> emissions prediction from a high-speed diesel engine","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Engine Research","topic":"Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Transient (computer programming); Automotive engineering; Diesel engine; Environmental science; Diesel fuel; Physical modelling; Engineering; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Abdullah Bajwa","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gongyi Zou","is_ca":false},{"name":"Fengyu Zhong","is_ca":false},{"name":"Xiaohang Fang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Felix Leach","is_ca":false},{"name":"Martin Davy","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07040915273894094,"gpt":0.3856938221337396,"spread":0.3152846693947987,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002141792,0.0003779143,0.0003489839,0.0001796903,0.0002664606,0.0004342623,0.0007138167,0.0009404585,0.0009332721],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006065736,0.0003222951,0.0005242929,0.0001703559,0.0003385985,0.0005497398,0.0003334708,0.0006121846,0.0001899245],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004585788,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006915982,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01458577,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008536708,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999319,0.00001375854,0.00000536623,0.00001969317,0.00002191553,0.000007370787],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997793,0.0001093982,0.00003290607,0.00001553137,0.00005411188,0.000008845122],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001755555,0.00002025727,0.0007146545,0.00002009777,0.000009741427,0.00002760283,0.00001490217,0.9922583,0.002496756,0.0001959301,0.00006258613,0.004161707],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000001142864,0.000006086345,0.0001596311,7.123368e-7,0.000001258727,0.000002405745,0.000001466236,0.9994696,0.000278775,0.00003275867,0.00004486166,0.000001310805],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4390222,0.0003252317,0.5513435,0.0003002276,0.00006045398,0.0001082375,0.0003570541,0.00108083,0.007402253],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9852963,0.0001127848,0.01249872,0.00002531372,0.000006426935,0.00007751097,0.0001548758,0.00002287397,0.001805231],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01458577,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02900171,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4283777569","doi":"10.1177/14680874221107188","title":"Optical characterization of stratified-premixed natural gas direct-injection combustion regimes","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Engine Research","topic":"Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of British Columbia; Canada Foundation for Innovation","keywords":"Combustion; Fuel injection; Particulates; Diesel fuel; Natural gas; Combustion chamber; Chemistry; Environmental science; Mechanics; Nuclear engineering; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Physics; Environmental chemistry; Automotive engineering; Engineering; Organic chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Jeremy Rochussen","is_ca":true},{"name":"Matthew Knight","is_ca":true},{"name":"G.S. Clark","is_ca":true},{"name":"Patrick Kirchen","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02886064915955602,"gpt":0.3333611417805781,"spread":0.3045004926210221,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001115805,0.0001904237,0.00008661934,0.000291606,0.0001211831,0.0002035917,0.0001952094,0.0001254049,0.0007011323],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001584602,0.00009244564,0.000105473,0.0001618687,0.000193801,0.0001727237,0.0001239776,0.0001749566,0.00008261635],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003320599,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001602473,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00181262,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003507506,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999467,0.00000332653,0.000002747663,0.0000126337,0.00002410607,0.00001045789],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999927,0.00001700794,0.0000217193,0.000005246612,0.00002184248,0.000007144884],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009928738,0.00002851383,0.004785923,0.00004172227,0.000003473692,0.00002796158,0.0000524944,0.0005109575,0.990247,0.0001011078,0.00003700521,0.00406461],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004361617,0.0001466594,0.06002871,0.000004990471,0.000008773556,0.00006095482,0.00009398279,0.007282603,0.9316289,0.00006261259,0.0006694709,0.000008007391],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9939381,0.000202387,0.004711024,0.000008092993,0.000003921459,0.00001741059,0.0001437296,0.00005251279,0.0009227389],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9959965,0.0001292303,0.003250428,0.00001268126,0.000001593678,0.00001515703,0.0001697128,0.000009680673,0.0004150503],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00181262,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003604174,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2803511726","doi":"10.1177/1468087418772228","title":"Aero-thermodynamic and chemical process interactions in an axial high-pressure turbine of aircraft engines","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Engine Research","topic":"Advanced Aircraft Design and Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal; École de Technologie Supérieure; Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Turbine; Thermodynamic process; Mechanics; Rotor (electric); Turbine blade; Flow (mathematics); Chemical process; Thermodynamic equilibrium; Thermodynamic system; Chemical species; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Mechanical engineering; Physics; Material properties; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"Trung Hieu Nguyen","is_ca":true},{"name":"Phuong Nguyen‐Tri","is_ca":true},{"name":"Xavier Vancassel","is_ca":false},{"name":"François Garnier","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02600363959778053,"gpt":0.3642968012738251,"spread":0.3382931616760446,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009462598,0.0001856965,0.0002060491,0.0001490241,0.0002366628,0.0002843103,0.0001487708,0.0002481198,0.0006420962],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001878605,0.0001544411,0.0001908943,0.0001383362,0.0002815022,0.0002408632,0.0001303709,0.0001803285,0.00009696171],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002041416,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002176876,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002044825,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001573688,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999565,0.000009354728,0.000002561016,0.00001093401,0.00001339726,0.000007409627],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999162,0.00003435075,0.00001881164,0.000006528689,0.00001523552,0.000008812315],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002818923,0.0002188235,0.02635172,0.000124836,0.00004973663,0.0009355407,0.0001274382,0.1331586,0.8272134,0.001351218,0.0002420178,0.009944804],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002739973,0.0002903554,0.09024913,0.000003993793,0.00003067545,0.000251694,0.00007301628,0.8067321,0.1011352,0.0006302374,0.0005491068,0.0000271989],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9938366,0.000106227,0.005245755,0.0000354199,0.000005992914,0.000008167091,0.00005575071,0.00005083437,0.0006551955],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986839,0.00004663306,0.001038262,0.000003738439,0.000002215503,0.000004408101,0.00003330192,0.000004340712,0.0001831337],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002044825,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004065812,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3083045336","doi":"10.1177/1468087420951326","title":"Large eddy simulation of a double-injection cycle and the impact of the needle motion on the sac-volume flow characteristics of a single-orifice diesel injector","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Engine Research","topic":"Combustion and flame dynamics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"École de Technologie Supérieure; Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Canada Foundation for Innovation; Ministère de l'Économie, de la Science et de l'Innovation - Québec","keywords":"Mechanics; Turbulence; Volume of fluid method; Detached eddy simulation; Flow (mathematics); Body orifice; Computational fluid dynamics; Large eddy simulation; Injector; Simulation; Engineering; Materials science; Mechanical engineering; Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Mohamed Chouak","is_ca":true},{"name":"Louis Dufresne","is_ca":true},{"name":"Patrice Seers","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03875065532671976,"gpt":0.3222453001376593,"spread":0.2834946448109396,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002804141,0.0002539956,0.0003456688,0.0002863106,0.0002925112,0.0004977019,0.0003435033,0.0006953119,0.0009411115],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006328006,0.0001209245,0.0003536857,0.0002278458,0.0003915995,0.0002899609,0.0002131853,0.0003310816,0.00007475941],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004233638,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004932546,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007181286,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003646694,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999336,0.00001416617,0.000004577747,0.000009679949,0.00002091198,0.00001710342],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999627,0.0002331862,0.00003498788,0.00001984721,0.00004616445,0.00003880872],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000277699,0.0002369344,0.006656565,0.00005650153,0.00001977154,0.0002806874,0.0001605297,0.9676241,0.01830874,0.001193499,0.0003101734,0.004874861],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001139237,0.0000564603,0.001219731,0.000002654039,0.000002444232,0.00001014466,0.00002484638,0.9968932,0.001643373,0.00004654003,0.00008488582,0.000004399962],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9927868,0.00004356814,0.004947699,0.0000585245,0.00001440797,0.00002047766,0.00009389131,0.00007733887,0.001957247],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977161,0.00002011615,0.001634589,0.00001001551,0.00000217695,0.00001217414,0.00006725571,0.00001017626,0.0005274849],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.007181286,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01427895,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4405882586","doi":"10.1177/14680874241305732","title":"Predicting transient performance of a heavy-duty gaseous-fuelled engine using combined phenomenological and machine learning models","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Engine Research","topic":"Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; Simon Fraser University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Automotive engineering; Dynamometer; Greenhouse gas; Exhaust gas recirculation; Diesel engine; Transient (computer programming); Combustion; Engineering; Environmental science; Internal combustion engine; Computer science; Chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Navid Balazadeh","is_ca":true},{"name":"Sandeep Munshi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mahdi Shahbakhti","is_ca":true},{"name":"Gordon McTaggart-Cowan","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.09356049293766959,"gpt":0.3447127055722442,"spread":0.2511522126345746,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002651731,0.0005507079,0.0003569963,0.00025521,0.0002722579,0.0005403068,0.0005638957,0.0007186774,0.0005636635],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005175163,0.0003083498,0.0005807741,0.0002097513,0.0003142174,0.0005944096,0.0002842279,0.0005344488,0.0002033785],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006618188,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005477149,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01209493,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007518401,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999163,0.00001337497,0.000007341356,0.00001943212,0.00003278403,0.00001073981],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998183,0.00009761005,0.00002474176,0.00001878762,0.00003357314,0.00000694047],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002939142,0.00003909936,0.001580644,0.00002278224,0.00001073694,0.00001878864,0.00001314525,0.9907904,0.003941122,0.000162514,0.00003473602,0.003356666],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002364046,0.00001797303,0.0005426628,0.000001406145,0.000002674593,0.000003830813,0.000002994711,0.9977952,0.001506649,0.00006257788,0.00005882372,0.000002836055],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8695744,0.0002597629,0.1214601,0.0001531933,0.00002930116,0.00009873885,0.0003404001,0.0006570526,0.00742704],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9940295,0.00008604691,0.004767075,0.000009293899,0.000002262699,0.00002672685,0.0001478198,0.00001118852,0.0009200606],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01209493,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0240491,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3156359421","doi":"10.1177/14680874211008703","title":"Evaluation of ASTM D6424 standard for knock analysis using unleaded fuel candidates on a six cylinder aircraft engine","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Engine Research","topic":"Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada; University of Alberta","funders":"National Research Council Canada; Environment and Climate Change Canada; Mitacs; Transport Canada","keywords":"Piston (optics); Automotive engineering; Engine knocking; Engineering; Gasoline; Wavelet; Combustion; Computer science; Combustion chamber; Waste management; Chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Khashayar Ebrahimi","is_ca":true},{"name":"David Gordon","is_ca":true},{"name":"Pervez Canteenwalla","is_ca":true},{"name":"Charles Robert Koch","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1341767185701037,"gpt":0.4536771681119575,"spread":0.3195004495418537,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.006685343,0.000871025,0.0004468897,0.004461885,0.0006811344,0.001207409,0.001639315,0.0008214176,0.002483145],"category_scores_gemma":[0.009337518,0.0003803888,0.0005481946,0.001646806,0.0004758954,0.000817964,0.0006257256,0.0004271057,0.001284288],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001007461,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009774808,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003791843,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009823282,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9892623,0.0008126308,0.0004929635,0.0004256809,0.008805916,0.0002005826],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9904916,0.001072083,0.0004864673,0.0006961401,0.007088316,0.0001654314],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00311683,0.0009193959,0.05178158,0.001204131,0.0001245876,0.0007394564,0.0005395992,0.02653364,0.6978509,0.002653796,0.01315649,0.2013796],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001677652,0.004963092,0.1111051,0.0003163659,0.0001523146,0.0009042647,0.0005620815,0.06640531,0.7831774,0.0006609007,0.03137325,0.0002121766],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7744859,0.002593782,0.1871499,0.0004236509,0.000931422,0.001076447,0.004701283,0.004569201,0.02406842],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.834435,0.00127678,0.1431484,0.000186272,0.00005046605,0.0005520379,0.006194368,0.0006599347,0.01349695],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.006685343,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03535593,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3123985587","doi":"10.1177/1468087420986263","title":"Measurement of cycle-resolved engine-out soot concentration from a diesel-pilot assisted natural gas direct-injection compression-ignition engine","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Engine Research","topic":"Vehicle emissions and performance","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Soot; Diesel engine; Combustion; Exhaust gas recirculation; Internal combustion engine; Diesel fuel; Environmental science; Particulates; Cylinder; Materials science; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Mechanics; Chemistry; Automotive engineering; Physics; Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Environmental chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Pooyan Kheirkhah","is_ca":true},{"name":"Patrick Kirchen","is_ca":true},{"name":"Steven N. Rogak","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06625194843848348,"gpt":0.3342853246033961,"spread":0.2680333761649126,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002462664,0.000282327,0.0002594356,0.0002936829,0.0001759127,0.0001798732,0.0003476589,0.0002839491,0.0003571844],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003216245,0.00009699768,0.0001455282,0.0001892888,0.0001889004,0.0001907148,0.000204985,0.0002156688,0.0001000888],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002712824,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002123046,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001509963,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002872139,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998165,0.00001224762,0.000006334473,0.00004876569,0.00009992682,0.00001630206],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998548,0.00004594484,0.00001648091,0.00001223829,0.00005712761,0.00001350845],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001725327,0.00005710388,0.005184064,0.00005086064,0.0000128543,0.00008072337,0.00008311434,0.0006303772,0.9838554,0.00004336055,0.00005696768,0.009772649],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000615619,0.0003136309,0.03449401,0.000003982981,0.00001053904,0.00008298597,0.00005056592,0.0101551,0.9542288,0.00003319181,0.0006048657,0.00001620178],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9956917,0.00006479391,0.003685962,0.000006957596,0.000006245498,0.00001343808,0.0001023656,0.0000609014,0.0003675843],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9951728,0.00008751057,0.003790361,0.00001703001,0.000003441037,0.00002036179,0.0001969294,0.00001636175,0.0006952186],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001509963,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003002346,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2605626261","doi":"10.1177/1468087417702018","title":"A control-oriented modular one-dimensional model for wall-flow diesel particulate filters","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Engine Research","topic":"Heat and Mass Transfer in Porous Media","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Toyota Motor Corporation","keywords":"Pressure drop; Orthogonal collocation; Partial differential equation; Modular design; Filtration (mathematics); Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Diesel fuel; Control theory (sociology); Ordinary differential equation; Differential equation; Mathematics; Engineering; Computer science; Collocation method; Automotive engineering; Physics; Mathematical analysis; Control (management)","authors":[{"name":"Soroosh Hassanpour","is_ca":true},{"name":"John McPhee","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07339724769918252,"gpt":0.3618161540816971,"spread":0.2884189063825147,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002168054,0.0006848573,0.0007768779,0.0003673289,0.0004563907,0.0008866378,0.00124272,0.001233974,0.001791561],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003457489,0.0002880745,0.000837832,0.0003288193,0.0007790193,0.0006619579,0.0006194952,0.0007846024,0.0004133886],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006777478,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001147105,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006072576,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003028198,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998777,0.00001872818,0.00000568984,0.00002868398,0.00005407228,0.00001505842],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998777,0.00003966079,0.00002592564,0.00001122523,0.00003459091,0.00001088514],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001480529,0.00002464013,0.0002636297,0.0000508596,0.000008623638,0.00008318315,0.00003612279,0.9727685,0.00730304,0.0163143,0.0001702189,0.00296206],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004385403,0.00001215308,0.00007283246,0.000002150682,0.000003942046,0.00001183558,0.000004349728,0.9976841,0.0006969066,0.0009661823,0.0005368437,0.000004399222],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.04132191,0.000231777,0.9470094,0.0001557852,0.00006843793,0.00009677553,0.0002378627,0.0003067155,0.01057126],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8966818,0.0007549258,0.08006542,0.0001137463,0.00006176412,0.0006453655,0.0005017347,0.00009156481,0.02108369],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.006072576,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01207447,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4225895468","doi":"10.1177/14680874221087958","title":"Parametric study of the impact of EGR and fuel properties on diesel engine performance using a predictive thermodynamic model","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Engine Research","topic":"Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"École de Technologie Supérieure","funders":"","keywords":"Diesel fuel; Kerosene; Soot; Combustion; Fuel injection; Homogeneous charge compression ignition; Ignition system; Compression ratio; Nuclear engineering; Automotive engineering; Exhaust gas recirculation; Environmental science; Materials science; Internal combustion engine; Combustion chamber; Thermodynamics; Engineering; Chemistry; Aerospace engineering","authors":[{"name":"Pierre-Lou Billerot","is_ca":true},{"name":"Pascal Tétrault","is_ca":true},{"name":"R. Lemaire","is_ca":true},{"name":"Patrice Seers","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.09245328768448237,"gpt":0.3792806647043152,"spread":0.2868273770198329,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003592736,0.0006108467,0.0005069499,0.000350299,0.0002653411,0.00056906,0.0006413733,0.00061669,0.001110159],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001149443,0.0002649116,0.0005598427,0.0002822089,0.0003935872,0.000578189,0.000404968,0.000499555,0.0001678852],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000323144,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003421129,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002072809,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001283999,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998218,0.00003487204,0.000009384705,0.00002904086,0.00007311482,0.0000317479],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994467,0.0003649007,0.00005605328,0.00007249794,0.00004884077,0.00001106208],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001586496,0.000107408,0.001808979,0.0001398251,0.00002234491,0.000128614,0.00005455259,0.9619584,0.02744582,0.0006475887,0.0001195873,0.007408314],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000929221,0.0001938194,0.001121571,0.000004849286,0.00001683083,0.00003279291,0.0000177204,0.9753253,0.02282988,0.0001535993,0.0002810963,0.00001326179],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9394752,0.0003468602,0.05232713,0.00009774791,0.00002543141,0.00008035672,0.0004023045,0.0003096682,0.006935332],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981979,0.000063975,0.001211371,0.000002836766,0.000001672201,0.00002442084,0.00005195821,0.00001084997,0.0004350368],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002072809,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004121482,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}