{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":36,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":36,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"6cc0593c6315","filters":{"venue":"International Journal of Global Warming"}},"results":[{"id":"W2022207081","doi":"10.1504/ijgw.2009.027078","title":"Combating global warming via non-fossil fuel energy options","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Global Warming","topic":"Chemical Looping and Thermochemical Processes","field":"Engineering","cited_by":38,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Ontario Institute of Technology","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Fossil fuel; Environmental science; Energy carrier; Greenhouse gas; Hydrogen fuel; Global warming; Energy development; Environmental impact of the energy industry; Renewable energy; Climate change; Waste management; Hydrogen; Engineering; Ecology; Energy policy; Chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Marc A. Rosen","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006191987010854764,"gpt":0.2519276393123478,"spread":0.245735652301493,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000128595,0.0001945652,0.0002454478,0.00004376646,0.00004984355,0.00009643826,0.0005599493,0.00009923792,0.00002888648],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001322976,0.000189233,0.0001810127,0.000230283,0.00003595894,0.0002929841,0.00004854758,0.0002149275,0.000008582676],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005619506,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004872134,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002246261,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003778007,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984916,0.0000122697,0.0005775876,0.0001356498,0.000514717,0.0002681647],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991415,0.00005637633,0.0001854463,0.00009137139,0.0003540771,0.0001712029],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003008276,0.000635662,0.004220579,0.0001542242,0.001274333,0.0008045466,0.0003664549,0.04505544,0.2403255,0.01746901,0.005887191,0.6835062],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01040491,0.0007917734,0.01330325,0.005274707,0.0005517123,0.01102884,0.0007366069,0.227701,0.2342583,0.4418198,0.05017747,0.003951581],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7797896,0.00630413,0.1776859,0.002203032,0.003408878,0.00006651118,0.00006138846,0.0002872928,0.03019327],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9947512,0.000140369,0.004021744,0.0002400502,0.0008185091,8.186571e-7,0.000005214692,0.00001032124,0.0000117817],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6795546,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7716696,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4248480500","doi":"10.1504/ijgw.2017.087197","title":"Environmental impact assessment of renewables and conventional fuels for different end use purposes","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Global Warming","topic":"Energy and Environment Impacts","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Ontario Tech University","funders":"","keywords":"Environmental science; Renewable energy; Hydropower; Environmental impact assessment; Coal; Electricity; Fossil fuel; Electricity generation; Biomass (ecology); Life-cycle assessment; Natural gas; Environmental engineering; Waste management; Environmental protection; Production (economics); Engineering; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"Canan Acar","is_ca":true},{"name":"İbrahim Dinçer","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02073357771224996,"gpt":0.3255834371262583,"spread":0.3048498594140083,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002219996,0.0001352085,0.0001916669,0.00002505944,0.0001382844,0.0001143082,0.0004172996,0.00004731229,0.0005185799],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000930181,0.0001062968,0.0001686436,0.000009758929,0.0002602865,0.0007671418,0.0002442649,0.00005792701,0.000001391816],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004631935,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001824065,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001293313,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004280559,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987481,0.00002604685,0.0003608404,0.0001343391,0.0005715504,0.0001591206],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989604,0.00008777334,0.0006761346,0.0001319628,0.00001328959,0.0001304645],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001382772,0.0002162773,0.9624802,0.000004019451,0.0002103655,0.00002146043,0.00002829068,0.004333913,0.02143013,0.000390908,0.0003256638,0.01042045],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001029718,0.0002088003,0.9924957,0.00005355923,0.00004009062,0.0001313486,0.00002731191,0.0003213754,0.002512544,0.001592761,0.00148472,0.000102116],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9966265,0.00006020382,0.001966647,0.0002732947,0.0003837485,0.00007265058,0.0001486576,0.000002179571,0.0004661308],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9967993,0.000201764,0.00274007,0.00004538665,0.0001037848,0.000002095779,0.00000914854,0.000006742873,0.00009166767],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03001541,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5678086,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4235283469","doi":"10.1504/ijgw.2019.096759","title":"How to model a complex national energy system? Developing an integrated energy systems framework for long-term energy and emissions analysis","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Global Warming","topic":"Environmental Impact and Sustainability","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Alberta Innovates; University of Alberta; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Association of Petroleum Producers; Cenovus Energy","keywords":"Greenhouse gas; Energy planning; Environmental economics; Energy consumption; Energy (signal processing); Baseline (sea); Energy management; Energy system; Efficient energy use; Energy engineering; Energy policy; Environmental resource management; Environmental science; Systems engineering; Engineering; Renewable energy; Economics","authors":[{"name":"Matthew Davis","is_ca":true},{"name":"Md. Ahiduzzaman","is_ca":true},{"name":"Amit Kumar","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.025963232948575,"gpt":0.3194211743530608,"spread":0.2934579414044858,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003547649,0.0002046292,0.0003064938,0.0001481592,0.0001938444,0.0002614186,0.0005227709,0.0001072963,0.00003524555],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001928821,0.0001754975,0.0001508441,0.0003309869,0.0001501553,0.0005488517,0.0002251493,0.00006394192,7.544262e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002576253,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009477453,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005501258,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005925837,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979993,0.00008545687,0.0004925573,0.0002990818,0.0008461698,0.0002773944],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998788,0.00008193401,0.0003523563,0.0001285257,0.000313625,0.0003355456],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001065125,0.0006995946,0.4650521,0.00006318281,0.003386438,0.0001741153,0.001260021,0.1596844,0.006245243,0.300766,0.002447336,0.05915651],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001425447,0.0006377993,0.1319556,0.0004539666,0.0004799921,0.0007279474,0.002719265,0.8309751,0.001069018,0.01547663,0.01298713,0.001092169],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.221075,0.00003642972,0.7776482,0.0006246082,0.0002658229,0.00004608631,0.00006567539,0.00001375941,0.0002244702],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9725522,0.00001197912,0.02640273,0.0004828075,0.0003079807,0.00001083459,0.00003272337,0.00001212224,0.0001865866],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7514772,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7156582,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2081708183","doi":"10.1504/ijgw.2009.027083","title":"The reduction of greenhouse gas emissions using various thermal systems in a landfill site","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Global Warming","topic":"Oil, Gas, and Environmental Issues","field":"Energy","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Ontario Tech University; Carleton University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Ontario Institute of Technology","keywords":"Greenhouse gas; Landfill gas; Waste management; Cogeneration; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Municipal solid waste; Combustion; Solid oxide fuel cell; Electricity generation; Engineering; Chemistry","authors":[{"name":"C. Özgür Çolpan","is_ca":true},{"name":"İbrahim Dinçer","is_ca":true},{"name":"Feridun Hamdullahpur","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0131592847371962,"gpt":0.2729427632397394,"spread":0.2597834785025432,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002636563,0.00008883683,0.0001474779,0.00005561192,0.00005593009,0.00004616311,0.0002536169,0.00004759284,0.00001007142],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004716828,0.00006346931,0.00008887849,0.00008341926,0.00004024605,0.0001987086,0.00003126043,0.0001202784,0.000003002739],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000353834,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002708232,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001911716,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009206849,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988351,0.00006518988,0.0004634425,0.00007817057,0.0004123654,0.0001456703],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994105,0.00003403469,0.0003505528,0.00007699522,0.00007265923,0.00005532031],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001567708,0.0009193488,0.06351629,0.00002014611,0.0005445352,0.0008038518,0.003623544,0.4746976,0.1887447,0.00684142,0.0004836833,0.2582372],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01689905,0.002761907,0.6895043,0.005865315,0.0006883104,0.02270205,0.01580889,0.07975937,0.0357221,0.02694637,0.1009974,0.002344997],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9958395,0.001071926,0.00009121952,0.000369162,0.001007681,0.00003765771,0.000006347196,0.000006467905,0.001570056],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989816,0.0001999047,0.0002661366,0.00002557632,0.0004537927,4.353384e-7,0.000001349549,0.00000596702,0.00006525761],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.625988,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2889956,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4231116680","doi":"10.1504/ijgw.2018.093125","title":"A comparative life cycle assessment based evaluation of greenhouse gas emission and social study: natural fibre versus glass fibre reinforced plastic automotive parts","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Global Warming","topic":"Environmental Impact and Sustainability","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ford Motor Company","keywords":"Greenhouse gas; Automotive industry; Life-cycle assessment; Environmental science; Sawdust; Greenhouse; Environmental engineering; Waste management; Engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"Masoud Akhshik","is_ca":true},{"name":"Suhara Panthapulakkal","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jimi Tjong","is_ca":true},{"name":"Mohini Sain","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02475155030049,"gpt":0.3654551707403639,"spread":0.340703620439874,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007342384,0.0001447547,0.0002291977,0.00003634477,0.0001427767,0.00004409942,0.0002386639,0.0000471176,0.0002891114],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003861378,0.0001232257,0.00008422648,0.0001027904,0.0002841252,0.0004668983,0.0001873939,0.0001451289,0.000004825784],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001575188,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001411338,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000128025,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007256497,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9975721,0.0002142902,0.0004388346,0.0001696895,0.001439572,0.0001655776],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989407,0.0001387904,0.0004831448,0.00007412745,0.0002491195,0.0001140996],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.01329437,0.00299414,0.763151,0.00006322092,0.001755679,0.0002130532,0.02500014,0.1222199,0.01665101,0.000137801,0.002290549,0.05222916],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005718422,0.001544575,0.8509833,0.00005772892,0.000150685,0.00002290785,0.005368491,0.1341431,0.001573074,0.0002152466,0.00005157803,0.0001709799],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9980023,0.00001157727,0.000263872,0.0003047549,0.0005808053,0.000215695,0.00001771818,0.000007168653,0.0005961146],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994009,0.000001053751,0.0003892227,0.00004721323,0.0001396044,0.000002471924,0.000004318925,0.000005070927,0.00001016585],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08783227,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5025,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4231304146","doi":"10.1504/ijgw.2019.096761","title":"Future realities of climate change impacts: an integrated assessment study of Canada","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Global Warming","topic":"Climate Change Policy and Economics","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"PricewaterhouseCoopers (Canada); Western University; Alberta Environment and Protected Areas","funders":"","keywords":"Climate change; Consumption (sociology); Energy consumption; Greenhouse gas; System dynamics; Environmental resource management; Natural resource economics; Production (economics); Biosphere; Adaptation (eye); Impact assessment; Global warming; Population; Environmental science; Environmental economics; Economics; Computer science; Engineering; Political science; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"Mohammad Khaled Akhtar","is_ca":true},{"name":"Slobodan P. Simonović","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jacob Wibe","is_ca":true},{"name":"James MacGee","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06784274057192739,"gpt":0.3307507201488266,"spread":0.2629079795768992,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005404908,0.000111469,0.0003793765,0.0001349777,0.00003981944,0.00003337552,0.0004109321,0.00004524063,0.0001493708],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005816158,0.0001129041,0.00006405416,0.0001109525,0.0000406902,0.0003859565,0.00007593061,0.0000973201,0.000001670077],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006696358,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001305952,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1667746,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.2342566,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985446,0.00002004591,0.001019541,0.0001203595,0.0001073925,0.0001880958],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979666,0.00002523961,0.00141219,0.0001252378,0.0003818892,0.00008877604],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006243321,0.001245397,0.8642873,0.00008042124,0.001019093,0.00007434865,0.01040268,0.0001214691,0.00005321917,0.1103597,0.001364358,0.01036778],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006051844,0.005228925,0.8570054,0.0005758101,0.00009153032,0.0004149969,0.08115125,0.003535471,0.0004591802,0.0205798,0.02405185,0.0008540037],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9914269,0.0002082563,0.00006994222,0.000692228,0.00220586,0.00007953335,0.001240647,0.000003184243,0.004073383],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978428,0.0004273697,0.0003756979,0.0001921101,0.001136381,0.000001724501,0.0000101836,0.000008389043,0.00000534796],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08977986,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.838774,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2900571356","doi":"10.1504/ijgw.2019.10017598","title":"Future realities of climate change impacts: an integrated assessment study of Canada","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Global Warming","topic":"Climate Change Policy and Economics","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Alberta Environment and Protected Areas; Western University; PricewaterhouseCoopers (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Climate change; Consumption (sociology); Energy consumption; System dynamics; Environmental resource management; Greenhouse gas; Production (economics); Impact assessment; Natural resource economics; Biosphere; Adaptation (eye); Population; Environmental economics; Environmental science; Economics; Computer science; Engineering; Political science; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"Jacob Wibe","is_ca":true},{"name":"James MacGee","is_ca":true},{"name":"Slobodan P. Simonović","is_ca":true},{"name":"Mohammad Khaled Akhtar","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06784274057192739,"gpt":0.3307507201488266,"spread":0.2629079795768992,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005404908,0.000111469,0.0003793765,0.0001349777,0.00003981944,0.00003337552,0.0004109321,0.00004524063,0.0001493708],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005816158,0.0001129041,0.00006405416,0.0001109525,0.0000406902,0.0003859565,0.00007593061,0.0000973201,0.000001670077],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006696358,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001305952,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1667746,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.2342566,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985446,0.00002004591,0.001019541,0.0001203595,0.0001073925,0.0001880958],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979666,0.00002523961,0.00141219,0.0001252378,0.0003818892,0.00008877604],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006243321,0.001245397,0.8642873,0.00008042124,0.001019093,0.00007434865,0.01040268,0.0001214691,0.00005321917,0.1103597,0.001364358,0.01036778],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006051844,0.005228925,0.8570054,0.0005758101,0.00009153032,0.0004149969,0.08115125,0.003535471,0.0004591802,0.0205798,0.02405185,0.0008540037],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9914269,0.0002082563,0.00006994222,0.000692228,0.00220586,0.00007953335,0.001240647,0.000003184243,0.004073383],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978428,0.0004273697,0.0003756979,0.0001921101,0.001136381,0.000001724501,0.0000101836,0.000008389043,0.00000534796],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08977986,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.838774,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4232961791","doi":"10.1504/ijgw.2019.101778","title":"Bioremediation of minkery wastewater and astaxanthin production by <i>Haematococcus pluvialis</i>","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Global Warming","topic":"Algal biology and biofuel production","field":"Energy","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Haematococcus pluvialis; Pluvialis; Astaxanthin; Wastewater; Chemistry; Biomass (ecology); Pulp and paper industry; Nitrogen; Food science; Botany; Environmental engineering; Biology; Environmental science; Agronomy; Organic chemistry; Carotenoid","authors":[{"name":"Yu Liu","is_ca":true},{"name":"İlhami Yıldız","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007319829310929024,"gpt":0.2400518209753963,"spread":0.2327319916644673,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005406272,0.0001513853,0.0002497032,0.0001137135,0.00004378623,0.00003035942,0.000239449,0.0001453068,0.00009697183],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002420881,0.0001227402,0.00009922914,0.0001199005,0.0001082236,0.0005000643,0.00007068426,0.0001377498,0.00003022373],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001780819,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006008897,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003370543,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002856795,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984076,0.00009295264,0.0006331897,0.0002255643,0.0004741663,0.0001665081],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985037,0.00003613694,0.0007216048,0.0001129577,0.0005616747,0.00006385202],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006232932,0.0001368534,0.01405265,0.00004001451,0.0003055783,0.00001764856,0.0003125986,0.0003305411,0.965194,0.003543591,0.003603188,0.01183998],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004362371,0.001193745,0.03358243,0.0007760865,0.0002570717,0.002783533,0.0005439816,0.0006343535,0.770444,0.01282545,0.1716879,0.0009090351],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9921656,0.0007534481,0.00009277149,0.001813836,0.004235042,0.0001322874,0.00003081626,0.0000153547,0.0007608681],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979674,0.0001633005,0.0005429572,0.00006425944,0.0009109803,0.00000189952,0.00003161374,0.000009095134,0.0003085497],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.19475,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5005199,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2117196863","doi":"10.1504/ijgw.2009.027101","title":"The techno-economic and environmental aspects of a hybrid PV-diesel-battery power system for remote farm houses","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Global Warming","topic":"Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems","field":"Energy","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Ontario Tech University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Renewable Energy Laboratory; Balikesir Üniversitesi","keywords":"Diesel fuel; Diesel generator; Environmental science; Photovoltaic system; Battery (electricity); Tonne; Diesel engine; Waste management; Automotive engineering; NOx; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Power (physics); Electrical engineering; Combustion","authors":[{"name":"Ersin Akyüz","is_ca":false},{"name":"Zuhal Oktay","is_ca":false},{"name":"İbrahim Dinçer","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.005841468362759622,"gpt":0.2311478995451025,"spread":0.2253064311823429,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003744175,0.0001607022,0.0002807652,0.0000796943,0.00009157238,0.00008039601,0.000506926,0.00003890637,0.000004926928],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006596935,0.0001223043,0.0001742018,0.00003196313,0.00008221765,0.0001443055,0.00006241782,0.00008990402,0.000003289154],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008423132,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007776218,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000296919,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006013644,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985198,0.00004086544,0.0007071088,0.0001557501,0.0003692763,0.0002072231],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988732,0.0001332395,0.0006840404,0.0001466759,0.00008690039,0.00007594733],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.003200698,0.0005037758,0.01002678,0.0001605878,0.005207209,0.001983187,0.0006163773,0.3303663,0.1015833,0.1724398,0.003076651,0.3708352],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01830023,0.003834147,0.01563302,0.005136904,0.0006726275,0.06394462,0.0124374,0.07722512,0.4349271,0.04604468,0.3191518,0.002692345],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9865828,0.00137521,0.004217205,0.0007377274,0.002199683,0.0001160768,0.00008654953,0.00002822892,0.004656496],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998895,0.00009303504,0.0003887829,0.00006490219,0.0004643438,0.000001255583,0.000003037208,0.00001480637,0.0000748618],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3681429,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4987423,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2901008387","doi":"10.1504/ijgw.2019.10017597","title":"How to model a complex national energy system? Developing an integrated energy systems framework for long-term energy and emissions analysis","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Global Warming","topic":"Environmental Impact and Sustainability","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Greenhouse gas; Energy planning; Environmental economics; Energy consumption; Energy (signal processing); Energy management; Baseline (sea); Energy system; Efficient energy use; Energy engineering; Energy policy; Environmental resource management; Energy modeling; Systems engineering; Environmental science; Engineering; Renewable energy; Economics","authors":[{"name":"Md. Ahiduzzaman","is_ca":true},{"name":"Matthew Davis","is_ca":true},{"name":"Amit Kumar","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.025963232948575,"gpt":0.3194211743530608,"spread":0.2934579414044858,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003547649,0.0002046292,0.0003064938,0.0001481592,0.0001938444,0.0002614186,0.0005227709,0.0001072963,0.00003524555],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001928821,0.0001754975,0.0001508441,0.0003309869,0.0001501553,0.0005488517,0.0002251493,0.00006394192,7.544262e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002576253,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009477453,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005501258,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005925837,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979993,0.00008545687,0.0004925573,0.0002990818,0.0008461698,0.0002773944],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998788,0.00008193401,0.0003523563,0.0001285257,0.000313625,0.0003355456],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001065125,0.0006995946,0.4650521,0.00006318281,0.003386438,0.0001741153,0.001260021,0.1596844,0.006245243,0.300766,0.002447336,0.05915651],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001425447,0.0006377993,0.1319556,0.0004539666,0.0004799921,0.0007279474,0.002719265,0.8309751,0.001069018,0.01547663,0.01298713,0.001092169],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.221075,0.00003642972,0.7776482,0.0006246082,0.0002658229,0.00004608631,0.00006567539,0.00001375941,0.0002244702],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9725522,0.00001197912,0.02640273,0.0004828075,0.0003079807,0.00001083459,0.00003272337,0.00001212224,0.0001865866],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7514772,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7156582,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4240323194","doi":"10.1504/ijgw.2020.110295","title":"Canadian Arctic weather system configuration related to the recent sea ice decline and heatwave of summer 2019","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Global Warming","topic":"Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Geopotential height; Climatology; Arctic; Anomaly (physics); Arctic ice pack; Environmental science; Rossby wave; Arctic sea ice decline; Sea ice; Atmospheric sciences; Geology; Meteorology; Geography; Oceanography; Precipitation; Drift ice","authors":[{"name":"Farahnaz Fazel‐Rastgar","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01144423495919513,"gpt":0.2378008592990016,"spread":0.2263566243398065,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002777326,0.00006852635,0.0001196444,0.00003147837,0.00006038727,0.0000375535,0.0002303983,0.00002882382,0.0001921078],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001459989,0.00004692006,0.00004000366,0.0001160619,0.00002885577,0.0001209976,0.00001407476,0.0001100098,0.00003488135],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008071691,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001979555,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.04322058,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02349364,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990906,0.00004805418,0.0003313835,0.00008033044,0.0003359753,0.0001137009],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991416,0.00007111552,0.0001842323,0.00003987189,0.000359423,0.0002037818],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003502904,0.0000156893,0.8962631,0.00002876167,0.000314559,0.0001785041,0.001319543,0.01013522,0.00004180193,0.001837248,0.001765033,0.08775023],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001488751,0.0005329346,0.8789335,0.0005042241,0.0001577737,0.001817666,0.005064253,0.06928358,0.00006722954,0.0007182113,0.04112194,0.0003098939],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9114208,0.0003369951,0.001526391,0.08215853,0.001260327,0.0001340916,0.000233638,0.000006240247,0.002922962],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973762,0.00009339233,0.0004133887,0.001932459,0.0001446052,6.914896e-8,0.0000171093,0.000001768087,0.00002101438],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08744033,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.994325,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4288789883","doi":"10.1504/ijgw.2022.124622","title":"Predictive modelling of boreal forest resources in regulation of the carbon cycle and mitigation of the global warming","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Global Warming","topic":"Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Environmental science; Taiga; Greenhouse gas; Global warming; Carbon cycle; Boreal; Ecosystem; Climate change; Balance of nature; Forest ecology; Primary production; Climatology; Atmospheric sciences; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"Э. Г. Коломыц","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.004779579826139333,"gpt":0.2026720350568346,"spread":0.1978924552306952,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003345959,0.00006989839,0.0001257918,0.000006855462,0.0000501653,0.000004961479,0.0003853893,0.00002636576,0.00001225749],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003722855,0.00005044558,0.00008293229,0.0001779105,0.0002107019,0.0001160994,0.0003894567,0.0001081942,3.690101e-8],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007166195,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001924908,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014767,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001246585,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984543,0.0000901459,0.000478951,0.00009296947,0.0008022639,0.00008139871],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990956,0.0000363982,0.0007385201,0.00008501775,0.00002176269,0.00002274459],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005319073,0.00002715705,0.4771123,0.000001664281,0.00001242687,7.390839e-7,0.0003125765,0.5211989,0.0002503644,0.0001091015,0.000001154532,0.0009204759],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002584049,0.0000440062,0.6650815,0.00004640517,0.00001544866,0.00003763956,0.0007082015,0.3296834,0.0001940277,0.00387965,0.00001972881,0.00003160025],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9964808,0.00005248564,0.001914651,0.0001960233,0.0001982988,0.00007898434,0.00002010917,0.000001077912,0.001057627],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985073,0.00001094267,0.001427687,0.00002080634,0.00001945869,0.000001053926,7.322922e-7,0.000003407044,0.000008646954],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1915155,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2232338,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4245339252","doi":"10.1504/ijgw.2020.105388","title":"The evidence of recent Canadian Arctic climate change: a case study, the Baffin Island","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Global Warming","topic":"Climate change and permafrost","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Climatology; Precipitation; Climate change; Arctic; Albedo (alchemy); Surface air temperature; Environmental science; Geology; Oceanography; Geography; Meteorology","authors":[{"name":"Farahnaz Fazel‐Rastgar","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1164775433334717,"gpt":0.3336675512427125,"spread":0.2171900079092408,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005627235,0.00007707183,0.0001066847,0.00002457804,0.0001754472,0.0001140792,0.0005095523,0.00001942745,0.0006671047],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002744704,0.00004199259,0.00006297611,0.0001582663,0.00004861895,0.0002082055,0.00002931013,0.000136505,0.00001808468],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004118499,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001276454,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1807453,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.8685052,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988977,0.00009170234,0.0003235737,0.00008176131,0.000423473,0.000181845],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998898,0.0002801177,0.0002471911,0.00006990503,0.000346673,0.0001580604],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002062685,0.00001461731,0.9188408,0.000008186221,0.00009548058,0.003518589,0.003767619,0.0001693555,0.00001119562,0.00002247622,0.000557418,0.07278796],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001603542,0.001657233,0.8779786,0.000634349,0.0002329219,0.02399636,0.04729459,0.008430005,0.00004693164,0.0003846979,0.03734293,0.0003978459],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9682688,0.002482448,0.000003037155,0.02734792,0.0009744159,0.0001323429,0.0004407023,0.000002117127,0.0003482332],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9959449,0.002143362,0.000009286289,0.001269066,0.0006243081,4.572856e-7,0.000005578702,0.000001546998,0.000001560115],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.68776,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8247102,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2755835651","doi":"10.1504/ijgw.2017.10007766","title":"Environmental impact assessment of renewables and conventional fuels for different end use purposes","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Global Warming","topic":"Energy and Environment Impacts","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Ontario Tech University","funders":"","keywords":"Environmental science; Renewable energy; Environmental impact assessment; Hydropower; Coal; Electricity; Fossil fuel; Life-cycle assessment; Electricity generation; Biomass (ecology); Natural gas; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Impact assessment; Environmental protection; Production (economics); Engineering; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"İbrahim Dinçer","is_ca":true},{"name":"Canan Acar","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02073357771224996,"gpt":0.3255834371262583,"spread":0.3048498594140083,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002219996,0.0001352085,0.0001916669,0.00002505944,0.0001382844,0.0001143082,0.0004172996,0.00004731229,0.0005185799],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000930181,0.0001062968,0.0001686436,0.000009758929,0.0002602865,0.0007671418,0.0002442649,0.00005792701,0.000001391816],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004631935,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001824065,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001293313,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004280559,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987481,0.00002604685,0.0003608404,0.0001343391,0.0005715504,0.0001591206],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989604,0.00008777334,0.0006761346,0.0001319628,0.00001328959,0.0001304645],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001382772,0.0002162773,0.9624802,0.000004019451,0.0002103655,0.00002146043,0.00002829068,0.004333913,0.02143013,0.000390908,0.0003256638,0.01042045],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001029718,0.0002088003,0.9924957,0.00005355923,0.00004009062,0.0001313486,0.00002731191,0.0003213754,0.002512544,0.001592761,0.00148472,0.000102116],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9966265,0.00006020382,0.001966647,0.0002732947,0.0003837485,0.00007265058,0.0001486576,0.000002179571,0.0004661308],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9967993,0.000201764,0.00274007,0.00004538665,0.0001037848,0.000002095779,0.00000914854,0.000006742873,0.00009166767],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03001541,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5678086,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2810648933","doi":"10.1504/ijgw.2018.10014250","title":"A comparative life cycle assessment based evaluation of greenhouse gas emission and social study: natural fibre versus glass fibre reinforced plastic automotive parts","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Global Warming","topic":"Environmental Impact and Sustainability","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Greenhouse gas; Automotive industry; Life-cycle assessment; Glass fiber; Environmental science; Materials science; Natural gas; Composite material; Waste management; Engineering; Ecology; Aerospace engineering; Biology","authors":[{"name":"Suhara Panthapulakkal","is_ca":true},{"name":"Mohini Sain","is_ca":true},{"name":"Tjong Jimi","is_ca":true},{"name":"Masoud Akhshik","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02475155030049,"gpt":0.3654551707403639,"spread":0.340703620439874,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007342384,0.0001447547,0.0002291977,0.00003634477,0.0001427767,0.00004409942,0.0002386639,0.0000471176,0.0002891114],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003861378,0.0001232257,0.00008422648,0.0001027904,0.0002841252,0.0004668983,0.0001873939,0.0001451289,0.000004825784],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001575188,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001411338,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000128025,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007256497,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9975721,0.0002142902,0.0004388346,0.0001696895,0.001439572,0.0001655776],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989407,0.0001387904,0.0004831448,0.00007412745,0.0002491195,0.0001140996],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.01329437,0.00299414,0.763151,0.00006322092,0.001755679,0.0002130532,0.02500014,0.1222199,0.01665101,0.000137801,0.002290549,0.05222916],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005718422,0.001544575,0.8509833,0.00005772892,0.000150685,0.00002290785,0.005368491,0.1341431,0.001573074,0.0002152466,0.00005157803,0.0001709799],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9980023,0.00001157727,0.000263872,0.0003047549,0.0005808053,0.000215695,0.00001771818,0.000007168653,0.0005961146],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994009,0.000001053751,0.0003892227,0.00004721323,0.0001396044,0.000002471924,0.000004318925,0.000005070927,0.00001016585],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08783227,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5025,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4232496787","doi":"10.1504/ijgw.2018.093747","title":"Characteristics of a double-swirl combustor for the thermal destruction of waste HFC refrigerants","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Global Warming","topic":"Combustion and Detonation Processes","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Combustor; Refrigerant; Incineration; Waste management; Combustion; Pyrolysis; Environmental science; Heat exchanger; Chemistry; Engineering; Organic chemistry; Mechanical engineering","authors":[{"name":"Tae In Ohm","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jong Seong Chae","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sin Young Kim","is_ca":false},{"name":"Soo‐Yeon Kim","is_ca":false},{"name":"Seung Hyun Moon","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01659225007921298,"gpt":0.2810742329324626,"spread":0.2644819828532496,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002047453,0.00007326456,0.0001422733,0.00006549211,0.00003347607,0.00002139622,0.000284955,0.00003630269,0.00004976499],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008218674,0.00005697477,0.0000910008,0.0001042479,0.00006903765,0.0001697545,0.00002245049,0.00006734185,0.000001557072],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008812952,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005176777,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005607789,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004611064,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990494,0.000008297829,0.000492649,0.00004722281,0.0003239561,0.00007849274],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981881,0.00008287858,0.0003462964,0.00006214291,0.001290679,0.00002984458],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.009420064,0.0006770042,0.07320333,0.0007697797,0.003837858,0.00004249463,0.004056339,0.05688605,0.1111216,0.03753016,0.006311622,0.6961437],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.02004405,0.001660703,0.2010714,0.002370474,0.0007558986,0.001688984,0.002518716,0.2079906,0.4995536,0.006424966,0.05472715,0.001193416],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9533418,0.0001536736,0.04260327,0.0001968431,0.002884501,0.00007078246,0.00004223348,0.00001304237,0.0006938521],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980904,0.00005461773,0.001240292,0.00002760363,0.0005526307,0.000001417751,0.000002025723,0.000007500436,0.00002353145],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6949503,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2323364,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2031325475","doi":"10.1504/ijgw.2010.033719","title":"Greenhouse gas emissions of fossil fuel-fired power plants: current status and reduction potentials, case study of Iran and Canada","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Global Warming","topic":"Carbon Dioxide Capture Technologies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Integrated gasification combined cycle; Greenhouse gas; Electricity generation; Environmental science; Natural gas; Fossil fuel; Waste management; Combined cycle; Electricity; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Power (physics); Gas turbines; Electrical engineering","authors":[{"name":"Farshid Zabihian","is_ca":true},{"name":"Alan S. Fung","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009209254309237925,"gpt":0.2517298866220107,"spread":0.2425206323127728,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001057737,0.000106807,0.0001977543,0.0001066999,0.000013649,0.0000182789,0.0001451579,0.00004784959,0.000005466204],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001236347,0.00009720169,0.0000334937,0.00006127531,0.00005156772,0.0001288914,0.00006665218,0.0002360422,2.826358e-8],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001339886,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000850554,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.04901491,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.09265202,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989898,0.00001285573,0.0004373433,0.00008500466,0.0003615179,0.0001135061],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999366,0.00003098346,0.0002328694,0.00009131487,0.000192155,0.00008664289],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000848181,0.001454464,0.2556355,0.0003500819,0.003079799,0.01113728,0.008450026,0.00753255,0.4283246,0.0005999257,0.005504909,0.2770827],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.02824507,0.003089138,0.375038,0.00323971,0.001382939,0.2820536,0.1923038,0.007905406,0.08519002,0.00588757,0.01263305,0.003031749],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9961071,0.001770427,0.00005502396,0.00005986795,0.001816888,0.00007059554,0.00006435006,0.00002176404,0.00003397423],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994129,0.0002749578,0.0002374886,0.000001535612,0.00006313068,6.877386e-7,6.299529e-7,0.000007714068,9.447007e-7],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3431346,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9573178,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3007589408","doi":"10.1504/ijgw.2020.10027062","title":"The evidence of recent Canadian Arctic climate change: a case study, the Baffin Island","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Global Warming","topic":"Climate change and permafrost","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Arctic; Climate change; The arctic; Climatology; Environmental science; Oceanography; Geography; Geology","authors":[{"name":"Farahnaz Fazel‐Rastgar","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1164775433334717,"gpt":0.3336675512427125,"spread":0.2171900079092408,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005627235,0.00007707183,0.0001066847,0.00002457804,0.0001754472,0.0001140792,0.0005095523,0.00001942745,0.0006671047],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002744704,0.00004199259,0.00006297611,0.0001582663,0.00004861895,0.0002082055,0.00002931013,0.000136505,0.00001808468],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004118499,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001276454,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1807453,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.8685052,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988977,0.00009170234,0.0003235737,0.00008176131,0.000423473,0.000181845],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998898,0.0002801177,0.0002471911,0.00006990503,0.000346673,0.0001580604],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002062685,0.00001461731,0.9188408,0.000008186221,0.00009548058,0.003518589,0.003767619,0.0001693555,0.00001119562,0.00002247622,0.000557418,0.07278796],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001603542,0.001657233,0.8779786,0.000634349,0.0002329219,0.02399636,0.04729459,0.008430005,0.00004693164,0.0003846979,0.03734293,0.0003978459],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9682688,0.002482448,0.000003037155,0.02734792,0.0009744159,0.0001323429,0.0004407023,0.000002117127,0.0003482332],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9959449,0.002143362,0.000009286289,0.001269066,0.0006243081,4.572856e-7,0.000005578702,0.000001546998,0.000001560115],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.68776,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8247102,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2969422986","doi":"10.1504/ijgw.2019.10023358","title":"Bioremediation of minkery wastewater and astaxanthin production by <i>Haematococcus pluvialis</i>","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Global Warming","topic":"Algal biology and biofuel production","field":"Energy","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Haematococcus pluvialis; Pluvialis; Astaxanthin; Wastewater; Chemistry; Biomass (ecology); Food science; Pulp and paper industry; Nitrogen; Botany; Biology; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Agronomy; Organic chemistry; Carotenoid","authors":[{"name":"İlhami Yıldız","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yu Liu","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007319829310929024,"gpt":0.2400518209753963,"spread":0.2327319916644673,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005406272,0.0001513853,0.0002497032,0.0001137135,0.00004378623,0.00003035942,0.000239449,0.0001453068,0.00009697183],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002420881,0.0001227402,0.00009922914,0.0001199005,0.0001082236,0.0005000643,0.00007068426,0.0001377498,0.00003022373],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001780819,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006008897,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003370543,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002856795,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984076,0.00009295264,0.0006331897,0.0002255643,0.0004741663,0.0001665081],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985037,0.00003613694,0.0007216048,0.0001129577,0.0005616747,0.00006385202],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006232932,0.0001368534,0.01405265,0.00004001451,0.0003055783,0.00001764856,0.0003125986,0.0003305411,0.965194,0.003543591,0.003603188,0.01183998],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004362371,0.001193745,0.03358243,0.0007760865,0.0002570717,0.002783533,0.0005439816,0.0006343535,0.770444,0.01282545,0.1716879,0.0009090351],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9921656,0.0007534481,0.00009277149,0.001813836,0.004235042,0.0001322874,0.00003081626,0.0000153547,0.0007608681],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979674,0.0001633005,0.0005429572,0.00006425944,0.0009109803,0.00000189952,0.00003161374,0.000009095134,0.0003085497],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.19475,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5005199,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3111872374","doi":"10.1504/ijgw.2020.10032574","title":"Canadian Arctic weather system configuration related to the recent sea ice decline and heatwave of summer 2019","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Global Warming","topic":"Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Geopotential height; Climatology; Arctic; Anomaly (physics); Arctic ice pack; Environmental science; Rossby wave; Arctic sea ice decline; Sea ice; Arctic dipole anomaly; Wind speed; Atmospheric sciences; Geology; Meteorology; Geography; Oceanography; Precipitation; Drift ice","authors":[{"name":"Farahnaz Fazel‐Rastgar","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01144423495919513,"gpt":0.2378008592990016,"spread":0.2263566243398065,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002777326,0.00006852635,0.0001196444,0.00003147837,0.00006038727,0.0000375535,0.0002303983,0.00002882382,0.0001921078],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001459989,0.00004692006,0.00004000366,0.0001160619,0.00002885577,0.0001209976,0.00001407476,0.0001100098,0.00003488135],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008071691,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001979555,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.04322058,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02349364,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990906,0.00004805418,0.0003313835,0.00008033044,0.0003359753,0.0001137009],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991416,0.00007111552,0.0001842323,0.00003987189,0.000359423,0.0002037818],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003502904,0.0000156893,0.8962631,0.00002876167,0.000314559,0.0001785041,0.001319543,0.01013522,0.00004180193,0.001837248,0.001765033,0.08775023],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001488751,0.0005329346,0.8789335,0.0005042241,0.0001577737,0.001817666,0.005064253,0.06928358,0.00006722954,0.0007182113,0.04112194,0.0003098939],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9114208,0.0003369951,0.001526391,0.08215853,0.001260327,0.0001340916,0.000233638,0.000006240247,0.002922962],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973762,0.00009339233,0.0004133887,0.001932459,0.0001446052,6.914896e-8,0.0000171093,0.000001768087,0.00002101438],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08744033,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.994325,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2505614348","doi":"10.1504/ijgw.2016.077911","title":"Modelling residential house electricity demand profile and analysis of peaksaver program using ANN: case study for Toronto, Canada","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Global Warming","topic":"Smart Grid Energy Management","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Electricity; Electricity demand; Environmental science; Energy demand; Peak load; Peak demand; Demand response; Electricity generation; Agricultural economics; Environmental engineering; Environmental economics; Engineering; Economics; Automotive engineering; Power (physics)","authors":[{"name":"M. Ebrahim Poulad","is_ca":true},{"name":"Alan S. Fung","is_ca":true},{"name":"Lei He","is_ca":true},{"name":"C. Özgür Çolpan","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01475414337321194,"gpt":0.2771580823467446,"spread":0.2624039389735326,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000263746,0.0001117563,0.0002362465,0.0001055936,0.00003927847,0.00003679247,0.0001720536,0.00002552181,0.00001351996],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004555081,0.00009067228,0.00009285024,0.0001552116,0.00001352331,0.000268443,0.00004807403,0.00003805753,3.791548e-8],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001065901,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001028132,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1264097,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.234609,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988166,0.00002476703,0.0004627571,0.0001128028,0.0004243748,0.0001587144],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992475,0.00006244665,0.0001948237,0.00007703631,0.0003379272,0.00008028573],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008763157,0.0000841314,0.02071363,0.00001420628,0.003304697,0.0007433093,0.0001219769,0.967332,0.0002126649,0.00003894113,0.0002171988,0.007129629],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001104602,0.0001300516,0.002160918,0.00004947267,0.0009357015,0.0005808517,0.0005033289,0.993689,0.0004236505,0.00003192111,0.0002368668,0.0001536356],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8196684,0.0002122653,0.1794248,0.00002096308,0.0004464299,0.0001478898,0.00003238139,0.00001864098,0.00002831697],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9943944,0.00003130455,0.00535975,0.000006917733,0.000181999,0.000005097247,8.829911e-7,0.00001333801,0.000006349213],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.174726,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8794076,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2152911233","doi":"10.1504/ijgw.2009.027096","title":"An environmentally conscious robust optimisation approach for planning power generating systems","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Global Warming","topic":"Climate Change Policy and Economics","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Robustness (evolution); Decision maker; Electricity generation; Robust optimization; Coal; Mathematical optimization; Operations research; Power (physics); Engineering; Computer science; Waste management; Mathematics","authors":[{"name":"Ali Elkamel","is_ca":true},{"name":"F. Chui","is_ca":true},{"name":"Eric Croiset","is_ca":true},{"name":"Peter Douglas","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07344631101946612,"gpt":0.2925484073674872,"spread":0.2191020963480211,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005060207,0.00011029,0.0002397249,0.00009810703,0.00007890149,0.0002043236,0.0003124916,0.00006810581,0.00002425877],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005795532,0.0001284657,0.0001115343,0.00003415605,0.00001929717,0.0004807044,0.00001775235,0.00008004709,0.000006819479],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004988611,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001618191,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002720837,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.811789e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988593,0.000009079012,0.0007252001,0.0001690992,0.00006046097,0.0001768234],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989726,0.00002501511,0.0007767063,0.00008319863,0.00005911915,0.00008337593],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001811458,0.0003053004,0.0297671,0.0000129341,0.0002185146,0.0000233043,0.001220658,0.8973229,0.0006528737,0.06758308,0.0007014202,0.00201078],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003896925,0.0009183212,0.01239772,0.0001387391,0.00003701962,0.001089182,0.00341092,0.9574533,0.0001804,0.01161337,0.008049745,0.0008143653],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.737291,0.001173682,0.2540565,0.0005003788,0.00149783,0.0001561235,0.0003203254,0.00001357059,0.004990589],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9718325,0.00004431102,0.02686477,0.0004565346,0.0007322146,0.000003074914,0.00003763499,0.000008941335,0.00002002724],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2345415,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.523868,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1975481784","doi":"10.1504/12.47284","title":"A case study of hybrid wind-solar power system for reduction of CO 2 emissions","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Global Warming","topic":"Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems","field":"Energy","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Ontario Tech University","funders":"","keywords":"Photovoltaic system; Environmental science; Battery (electricity); Hybrid system; Automotive engineering; Diesel fuel; Hybrid power; Wind power; Turbine; Meteorology; Environmental engineering; Power (physics); Engineering; Electrical engineering; Aerospace engineering; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Ersin Akyüz","is_ca":false},{"name":"Zuhal Oktay","is_ca":false},{"name":"İbrahim Dinçer","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02174184812685875,"gpt":0.3093899619547745,"spread":0.2876481138279157,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007894304,0.0001489746,0.0003955407,0.0001645974,0.00005932509,0.00002022354,0.0003481232,0.00004444534,0.00002354335],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001960838,0.0001297259,0.0002256147,0.0001305296,0.00003262292,0.0003671148,0.00005350401,0.00009929612,0.000001851004],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005317547,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001246825,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001793681,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000287845,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976605,0.0001416082,0.001133026,0.0001206857,0.0007277733,0.0002163795],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9973216,0.00008799463,0.001244617,0.0001622379,0.001022132,0.0001614153],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"case_report","study_design_scores_codex":[0.005359561,0.01473929,0.1671661,0.0009577302,0.01761861,0.01943698,0.02044102,0.4714353,0.2184477,0.02221661,0.009886124,0.03229497],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01592297,0.003129834,0.002677071,0.003196322,0.001074701,0.5423744,0.1468553,0.002991399,0.2464927,0.0002852379,0.03385936,0.001140622],"study_design_candidate":"case_report","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9917532,0.000223226,0.001794719,0.00003022284,0.004486615,0.0001551971,0.00005733302,0.00001385644,0.001485622],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985098,0.000002906022,0.0005087467,0.000004868621,0.0008684218,0.000003958565,0.000003316509,0.00001846064,0.00007949234],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5229375,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5290068,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406285377","doi":"10.1504/ijgw.2025.143850","title":"Experimental study for recovery of heavy metals from contaminated soil using <i>arbuscular mycorrhizal</i> fungi","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Global Warming","topic":"Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Thornhill Medical (Canada); Ontario Tech University","funders":"","keywords":"Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi; Environmental science; Heavy metals; Environmental chemistry; Contamination; Soil contamination; Agronomy; Chemistry; Biology; Soil science; Soil water; Horticulture; Ecology; Inoculation","authors":[{"name":"Bülent Budak","is_ca":false},{"name":"Turgut T. Onay","is_ca":false},{"name":"A. Yağmur Gören","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ali Khalvati","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01623670485146278,"gpt":0.2781821333291178,"spread":0.2619454284776551,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003614019,0.000182275,0.0003880445,0.00005566307,0.0001236343,0.00009551617,0.0005164631,0.00008512348,0.0005983569],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003408257,0.00009547747,0.0003869263,0.0002324658,0.00001241104,0.0003327629,0.0001054587,0.0001102209,0.000009060303],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002453529,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005664062,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006062171,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001610401,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982376,0.0001116515,0.0007686747,0.0002181775,0.0004677167,0.0001962308],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9975788,0.00113747,0.0005204372,0.00005492417,0.0006275816,0.00008080241],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001423473,0.001043261,0.02367091,0.000005587642,0.001042013,0.00007092661,0.00009878356,0.0006308836,0.9627889,0.001106457,0.001814987,0.006303836],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006552388,0.008855326,0.1250375,0.004492984,0.002423695,0.001283254,0.01000739,0.01944624,0.6482461,0.01353555,0.1578025,0.002317048],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9896308,0.003259578,0.0009740241,0.0001821304,0.00287408,0.0002544198,0.001993404,0.0000135662,0.0008179795],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998366,0.0001628428,0.0006390706,0.0001432872,0.0004107762,0.000005706345,0.0001764977,0.000001697052,0.00009411819],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3145428,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6551589,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404254340","doi":"10.1504/ijgw.2024.142600","title":"The effects of climate change on respiratory diseases: a literature review","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"International Journal of Global Warming","topic":"Air Quality and Health Impacts","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Climate change; Environmental science; Respiratory system; Intensive care medicine; Climatology; Medicine; Internal medicine; Biology; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"Kristina Marie Scerri","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sarah Cuschieri","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04632548673753027,"gpt":0.4180781952500139,"spread":0.3717527085124837,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008752223,0.0002498404,0.000751511,0.00005022062,0.00007583344,0.00007926019,0.0008605525,0.000114752,0.00003008148],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007553816,0.0001365017,0.0006135252,0.0003158314,0.00009244198,0.0002051102,0.0002648909,0.0005046105,0.000134212],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008435764,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001140255,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005903067,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004167976,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9972739,0.0003091321,0.001009411,0.000178181,0.0009881385,0.0002411969],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979519,0.0004035221,0.00120902,0.0001854421,0.00006649461,0.0001835898],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000209647,0.00004340239,0.0000217971,0.03042657,0.0001209528,0.0003713936,0.00004595637,2.355576e-7,3.901439e-8,0.0006055544,0.01669355,0.9516496],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006880803,0.0001373912,0.00005794106,0.2674709,0.0003979416,0.0001516815,0.000002528447,9.034776e-7,9.201901e-8,0.0002132789,0.7314169,0.00008163575],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.000005919864,0.9949246,0.000002974127,0.00125098,0.002460307,0.000401092,0.0001806621,0.000007319392,0.0007661112],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00001137214,0.9953457,0.0000309545,0.003790593,0.0007622119,0.0000168041,0.000005485669,0.00001479958,0.0000221156],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9515679,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5566376,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4231895372","doi":"10.1504/ijgw.2017.087212","title":"Smart hybrid renewable microgeneration system for residential applications","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Global Warming","topic":"Building Energy and Comfort Optimization","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport","keywords":"Renewable energy; Photovoltaic system; Smart grid; Peaking power plant; Electricity; Electric power system; Engineering; Environmental economics; Automotive engineering; Environmental science; Distributed generation; Power (physics); Electrical engineering","authors":[{"name":"Euy Joon Lee","is_ca":false},{"name":"Evgueniy Entchev","is_ca":false},{"name":"Libing Yang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mohamed Ghorab","is_ca":false},{"name":"Eun Chul Kang","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009002325941601868,"gpt":0.2552506332172603,"spread":0.2462483072756585,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001518909,0.00007231221,0.00009757508,0.00004130078,0.0001767701,0.0002111325,0.0004322292,0.00003503798,0.000003570904],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002781514,0.00007532652,0.00008745073,0.00002034201,0.00001517357,0.0003428366,0.0000284868,0.00004550819,0.000001278806],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002533001,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003742304,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003823049,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002875892,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993578,0.000006146397,0.0002869985,0.0000685047,0.0001883627,0.00009218491],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992774,0.00001309914,0.0002274083,0.000124109,0.0003174419,0.00004060098],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006785057,0.00002341161,0.001333248,0.00003427975,0.0002703439,0.00001965094,0.00001293485,0.963366,0.01067664,0.007204676,0.00464255,0.01234843],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00400505,0.0001192254,0.001789014,0.000695518,0.0002669737,0.001880271,0.0001371556,0.6020923,0.2327008,0.006760819,0.1488115,0.00074129],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.0813513,0.0002570503,0.9128703,0.0002384839,0.00328762,0.0001029564,0.00004581774,0.00005508263,0.001791435],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9871577,0.00003621158,0.01177206,0.00001646584,0.0009232558,0.00001346496,0.00001422387,0.00001037081,0.00005627537],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9058064,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3071726,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4242168253","doi":"10.1504/ijgw.2019.101782","title":"Techno-economic evaluation of a residential roof-mounted solar system and its power generation: a case study in Canada","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Global Warming","topic":"Building Energy and Comfort Optimization","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Ontario Tech University","funders":"","keywords":"Payback period; Roof; Environmental science; Greenhouse gas; Return on investment; Investment (military); Electric power system; Meteorology; Wind speed; Automotive engineering; Engineering; Environmental engineering; Power (physics); Civil engineering; Production (economics); Economics; Geography","authors":[{"name":"Azzam Abu Rayash","is_ca":true},{"name":"İbrahim Dinçer","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01010109983783446,"gpt":0.2570519327582729,"spread":0.2469508329204384,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003896671,0.00007065838,0.0001292342,0.00009087696,0.00001401372,0.00002444971,0.0001126165,0.00003088524,0.00001954806],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001605715,0.00007381913,0.00002198807,0.00006786112,0.000003022189,0.0002249094,0.00002361017,0.00007457106,3.584211e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001680284,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003694394,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.08347882,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.2720602,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990493,0.00003380328,0.0004015858,0.00007242149,0.0003755259,0.00006734461],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994965,0.00001283592,0.0001519409,0.00005188691,0.0002615975,0.00002530161],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001735693,0.00001270205,0.02164428,0.000006473375,0.00009969629,0.0002249277,0.00007597143,0.976622,0.000368617,0.0002510381,0.00002424307,0.0006527008],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001051434,0.0000351807,0.002446046,0.00008940873,0.00003376355,0.002508684,0.001302138,0.9917106,0.0007255441,0.00001193269,0.000009839581,0.00007541844],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9975128,0.0002951172,0.0005554337,0.00001872299,0.001361782,0.0001120985,0.000008229752,0.000007402668,0.0001284773],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997861,0.000005863999,0.000116202,0.000004068856,0.00007594238,0.000002384256,0.000001561822,0.000005980713,0.000001892187],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1885814,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9226244,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4246818005","doi":"10.1504/ijgw.2019.101779","title":"Investigation of lipid, carbohydrate and protein production from <i>Chlorella vulgaris</i> in controlled environment minkery wastewater","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Global Warming","topic":"Algal biology and biofuel production","field":"Energy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Photobioreactor; Chlorella vulgaris; Wastewater; Mixotroph; Animal science; Chlorella; Food science; Light Cycle; Light intensity; Photosynthesis; Chemistry; Biomass (ecology); Biology; Botany; Chromatography; Heterotroph; Algae; Environmental engineering; Ecology; Bacteria; Environmental science","authors":[{"name":"Yuchen Ji","is_ca":true},{"name":"İlhami Yıldız","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008060171647987991,"gpt":0.2092180158135215,"spread":0.2011578441655335,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005545884,0.0001636246,0.0003478587,0.0001312321,0.00002804752,0.00002435414,0.0001946987,0.0001477413,0.00008328832],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001471716,0.0001326074,0.0000952413,0.00008584278,0.0001161009,0.0003053363,0.00007104708,0.0001735555,0.00002237145],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002714768,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005712783,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000120259,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005662551,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982467,0.000167896,0.0007592569,0.0002609695,0.000410555,0.0001546336],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989301,0.00003658504,0.0006729725,0.0001176717,0.0001838623,0.00005879765],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001640869,0.00005562323,0.02250211,0.00001237744,0.000234898,0.00001500806,0.0002305121,0.001506037,0.9708881,0.0008168286,0.00005174733,0.002045847],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01336429,0.0009255895,0.09509049,0.001043139,0.0002106778,0.0002924846,0.0002993665,0.002292519,0.8458095,0.02631894,0.01360898,0.0007440685],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9954113,0.0006640753,0.00002755619,0.00149755,0.001702575,0.0002771397,0.00001134064,0.000007689613,0.0004007238],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981925,0.0001077902,0.0006346325,0.00004377001,0.0007401967,0.000006814948,0.00002132437,0.000008789728,0.0002442217],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1250787,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5407573,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2969389571","doi":"10.1504/ijgw.2019.10023359","title":"Investigation of lipid, carbohydrate and protein production from <i>Chlorella vulgaris</i> in controlled environment minkery wastewater","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Global Warming","topic":"Algal biology and biofuel production","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Photobioreactor; Chlorella vulgaris; Wastewater; Mixotroph; Animal science; Food science; Light Cycle; Chlorella; Light intensity; Chemistry; Biomass (ecology); Biology; Chromatography; Pulp and paper industry; Botany; Heterotroph; Algae; Environmental engineering; Ecology; Environmental science; Bacteria; Circadian rhythm","authors":[{"name":"İlhami Yıldız","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yuchen Ji","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008060171647987991,"gpt":0.2092180158135215,"spread":0.2011578441655335,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005545884,0.0001636246,0.0003478587,0.0001312321,0.00002804752,0.00002435414,0.0001946987,0.0001477413,0.00008328832],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001471716,0.0001326074,0.0000952413,0.00008584278,0.0001161009,0.0003053363,0.00007104708,0.0001735555,0.00002237145],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002714768,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005712783,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000120259,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005662551,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982467,0.000167896,0.0007592569,0.0002609695,0.000410555,0.0001546336],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989301,0.00003658504,0.0006729725,0.0001176717,0.0001838623,0.00005879765],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001640869,0.00005562323,0.02250211,0.00001237744,0.000234898,0.00001500806,0.0002305121,0.001506037,0.9708881,0.0008168286,0.00005174733,0.002045847],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01336429,0.0009255895,0.09509049,0.001043139,0.0002106778,0.0002924846,0.0002993665,0.002292519,0.8458095,0.02631894,0.01360898,0.0007440685],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9954113,0.0006640753,0.00002755619,0.00149755,0.001702575,0.0002771397,0.00001134064,0.000007689613,0.0004007238],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981925,0.0001077902,0.0006346325,0.00004377001,0.0007401967,0.000006814948,0.00002132437,0.000008789728,0.0002442217],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1250787,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5407573,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2969879481","doi":"10.1504/ijgw.2019.10023363","title":"Techno-economic evaluation of a residential roof-mounted solar system and its power generation: a case study in Canada","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Global Warming","topic":"Building Energy and Comfort Optimization","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Ontario Tech University","funders":"","keywords":"Payback period; Roof; Greenhouse gas; Environmental science; Return on investment; Investment (military); Electric power system; Meteorology; Wind speed; Engineering; Automotive engineering; Environmental engineering; Power (physics); Civil engineering; Production (economics); Geography; Economics","authors":[{"name":"Azzam Abu Rayash","is_ca":true},{"name":"İbrahim Dinçer","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01010109983783446,"gpt":0.2570519327582729,"spread":0.2469508329204384,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003896671,0.00007065838,0.0001292342,0.00009087696,0.00001401372,0.00002444971,0.0001126165,0.00003088524,0.00001954806],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001605715,0.00007381913,0.00002198807,0.00006786112,0.000003022189,0.0002249094,0.00002361017,0.00007457106,3.584211e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001680284,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003694394,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.08347882,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.2720602,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990493,0.00003380328,0.0004015858,0.00007242149,0.0003755259,0.00006734461],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994965,0.00001283592,0.0001519409,0.00005188691,0.0002615975,0.00002530161],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001735693,0.00001270205,0.02164428,0.000006473375,0.00009969629,0.0002249277,0.00007597143,0.976622,0.000368617,0.0002510381,0.00002424307,0.0006527008],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001051434,0.0000351807,0.002446046,0.00008940873,0.00003376355,0.002508684,0.001302138,0.9917106,0.0007255441,0.00001193269,0.000009839581,0.00007541844],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9975128,0.0002951172,0.0005554337,0.00001872299,0.001361782,0.0001120985,0.000008229752,0.000007402668,0.0001284773],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997861,0.000005863999,0.000116202,0.000004068856,0.00007594238,0.000002384256,0.000001561822,0.000005980713,0.000001892187],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1885814,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9226244,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2995109152","doi":"10.1504/ijgw.2019.10025980","title":"Characterisation of spatio-temporal trend in temperature extremes for environmental decision making in Bangladesh","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Global Warming","topic":"Climate variability and models","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Climatology; Environmental science; Monsoon; Climate change; Trend analysis; Maximum temperature; Global warming; Atmospheric sciences; Mathematics; Statistics; Geology; Oceanography","authors":[{"name":"Md. Shaddam Hossain Bagmar","is_ca":true},{"name":"Asef Mohammad Redwan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Md. Mohsan Khudri","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01167682441332819,"gpt":0.2749320702127461,"spread":0.2632552457994179,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004233308,0.00008323041,0.0001611201,0.00007436534,0.00001125306,0.00002048388,0.0002331336,0.00006234461,0.0005233213],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005308669,0.00007756081,0.00008139835,0.00008451919,0.00002859209,0.0004372674,0.00007751624,0.00009205482,0.00000591651],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000668654,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001444802,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003596942,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000521159,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988046,0.00002904701,0.0005266541,0.0001332686,0.0003932932,0.0001131745],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994922,0.00009530096,0.0003118739,0.00006394854,0.00001123123,0.00002546524],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004368011,0.0001628549,0.9543834,0.000005863111,0.00001021475,0.00001174478,0.0003552955,0.006957111,0.01941768,0.00006128614,0.00003987349,0.01815787],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002228097,0.0001503226,0.9802771,0.0004473225,0.000008892212,0.00007579853,0.0003998232,0.01077584,0.0009912945,0.002949324,0.001534076,0.0001620648],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9986819,0.00002268933,0.0003257523,0.0001658595,0.0003888189,0.0001293048,0.00006179838,0.000001703488,0.0002221778],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9966986,0.00001336624,0.003147096,0.00005292979,0.00004875205,0.000001862242,0.00002068878,0.000004562546,0.00001219444],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02589374,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5730001,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2464485314","doi":"10.1504/ijgw.2015.072660","title":"Combined heat and power system optimisation under carbon pricing policy: a comparison of five carbon markets","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Global Warming","topic":"Climate Change Policy and Economics","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Carbon tax; Carbon price; Repeal; Greenhouse gas; Carbon fibers; Liability; Economics; Emissions trading; Carbon credit; Business; Natural resource economics; Environmental economics; Finance; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Chanel Ann Gibson","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mehdi Aghaei Meybodi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Masud Behnia","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06015025156582541,"gpt":0.3034636303517933,"spread":0.2433133787859679,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005341768,0.0001135652,0.0004065026,0.0002243483,0.00002098802,0.00005291422,0.0002062265,0.0000737127,0.000004968297],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001613809,0.0001278531,0.00007758373,0.0001023459,0.00003874645,0.0001609473,0.00008643562,0.00009823977,0.000002344925],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001110023,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006580583,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00191832,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003506839,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987282,0.00001872827,0.0008725246,0.0001335567,0.00009413838,0.0001528317],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987847,0.00005300997,0.0007680198,0.00008381893,0.0001943477,0.0001161294],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001251045,0.0003355111,0.7816796,0.0001184273,0.0008921953,0.00003948926,0.008666294,0.01753965,0.0001797787,0.1881939,0.0002967709,0.0008073532],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01798876,0.001626055,0.2678186,0.001782518,0.0001682989,0.001278997,0.03479591,0.5987872,0.001659538,0.06988396,0.002555301,0.001654878],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9813989,0.0007704947,0.0002336326,0.001398903,0.001073829,0.00006510768,0.00006371843,0.000007542853,0.01498791],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992268,0.00005487419,0.0003411738,0.00009622263,0.0002459321,0.000001003934,0.000003603759,0.000009641557,0.00002073524],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5812476,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5213698,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402698852","doi":"10.1504/ijgw.2025.10066761","title":"The effects of Climate Change on Respiratory Diseases: a Literature Review","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"International Journal of Global Warming","topic":"Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Climate change; Respiratory system; Environmental science; Intensive care medicine; Medicine; Natural resource economics; Environmental health; Economics; Biology; Internal medicine; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"Sarah Cuschieri","is_ca":true},{"name":"Kristina Marie Scerri","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03291141501029533,"gpt":0.3751322103636635,"spread":0.3422207953533681,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006933774,0.0002447351,0.0006357701,0.00004437534,0.00007092018,0.00009046912,0.0008242679,0.00009100776,0.000009566899],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006714579,0.0001364798,0.0006795879,0.0002924927,0.00008233952,0.0001500758,0.0003093599,0.0004490195,0.00006427958],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006249814,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004116799,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003581866,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.037434e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976519,0.0002150378,0.000858062,0.000184952,0.0008994201,0.0001906569],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982343,0.0003777143,0.001058447,0.0001683992,0.00006551991,0.00009561721],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001070049,0.00002985946,0.00005904508,0.0140141,0.0001504656,0.0003564833,0.000037694,5.630773e-7,1.575633e-7,0.0001785491,0.002302333,0.98286],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005243723,0.00009213529,0.00003198975,0.302995,0.0004764125,0.0001578627,0.000003790678,0.00000160287,3.074848e-7,0.00009526621,0.6960011,0.00009215331],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.00002313553,0.9951162,0.000003315931,0.0001529774,0.003798364,0.0002322832,0.00009506246,0.000009362084,0.000569324],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00005962891,0.9983539,0.00003363536,0.0002197963,0.001269341,0.0000156448,0.000003866501,0.00001669749,0.00002748555],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9827679,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5565484,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404436256","doi":"10.1504/ijgw.2025.10067933","title":"Experimental Study for Recovery of Heavy Metals from Contaminated Soil using Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Global Warming","topic":"Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Ontario Tech University; Thornhill Medical (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi; Heavy metals; Environmental science; Contamination; Soil contamination; Environmental chemistry; Agronomy; Chemistry; Biology; Soil science; Soil water; Ecology; Horticulture; Inoculation","authors":[{"name":"Ali Khalvati","is_ca":true},{"name":"Turgut T. Onay","is_ca":false},{"name":"A. Yağmur Gören","is_ca":true},{"name":"Bülent Budak","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02288088413101064,"gpt":0.2946276299193334,"spread":0.2717467457883228,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002662159,0.0001257326,0.0002429225,0.00003172618,0.00005414623,0.0001206411,0.0003062961,0.00005255964,0.0007608566],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001456048,0.0000596669,0.0003163779,0.00014299,0.000006339615,0.0003414622,0.00005333825,0.0001058768,0.00001338477],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000161865,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003575654,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001412667,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005765417,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987211,0.00006272476,0.0005292839,0.0001626994,0.0003914629,0.000132788],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984244,0.0009431188,0.0002333843,0.00002870765,0.0003039558,0.00006641384],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001798572,0.001211948,0.03810878,0.00001276245,0.00191624,0.0004257519,0.0003715338,0.001081168,0.9326588,0.0007546176,0.001938141,0.01972166],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003611272,0.01567674,0.04938048,0.006343503,0.002548422,0.005556862,0.03331264,0.06679925,0.7060972,0.01490466,0.09318961,0.002579286],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9890233,0.003917394,0.0007254938,0.000124387,0.003445353,0.0001539486,0.002404895,0.00001465475,0.0001906354],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984373,0.0001025697,0.0004677025,0.00005517732,0.0007637608,0.000002904033,0.0001429563,0.000001562839,0.0000260663],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2265615,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8330846,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2754619765","doi":"10.1504/ijgw.2017.10007776","title":"Smart hybrid renewable microgeneration system for residential applications","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Global Warming","topic":"Building Energy and Comfort Optimization","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Renewable energy; Photovoltaic system; Smart grid; Peaking power plant; Electricity; Electric power system; Engineering; Environmental economics; Automotive engineering; Distributed generation; Environmental science; Power (physics); Electrical engineering","authors":[{"name":"Eun Chul Kang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mohamed Ghorab","is_ca":false},{"name":"Libing Yang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Evgueniy Entchev","is_ca":false},{"name":"Euy Joon Lee","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009002325941601868,"gpt":0.2552506332172603,"spread":0.2462483072756585,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001518909,0.00007231221,0.00009757508,0.00004130078,0.0001767701,0.0002111325,0.0004322292,0.00003503798,0.000003570904],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002781514,0.00007532652,0.00008745073,0.00002034201,0.00001517357,0.0003428366,0.0000284868,0.00004550819,0.000001278806],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002533001,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003742304,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003823049,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002875892,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993578,0.000006146397,0.0002869985,0.0000685047,0.0001883627,0.00009218491],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992774,0.00001309914,0.0002274083,0.000124109,0.0003174419,0.00004060098],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006785057,0.00002341161,0.001333248,0.00003427975,0.0002703439,0.00001965094,0.00001293485,0.963366,0.01067664,0.007204676,0.00464255,0.01234843],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00400505,0.0001192254,0.001789014,0.000695518,0.0002669737,0.001880271,0.0001371556,0.6020923,0.2327008,0.006760819,0.1488115,0.00074129],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.0813513,0.0002570503,0.9128703,0.0002384839,0.00328762,0.0001029564,0.00004581774,0.00005508263,0.001791435],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9871577,0.00003621158,0.01177206,0.00001646584,0.0009232558,0.00001346496,0.00001422387,0.00001037081,0.00005627537],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9058064,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3071726,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4319595486","doi":"10.1504/ijgw.2023.128848","title":"An on-board energy and environmental analysis within the COVID-19 effects","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Global Warming","topic":"Maritime Transport Emissions and Efficiency","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Pandemic; Climate change; China; Global warming; 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak; Quarter (Canadian coin); Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); Environmental science; Natural resource economics; Business; Geography; Economics; Oceanography","authors":[{"name":"Alperen Sarı","is_ca":false},{"name":"Egemen Sulukan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Doğuş Özkan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Tanay Sıdkı Uyar","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007326657436779487,"gpt":0.26936702545661,"spread":0.2620403680198305,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004140722,0.0000923215,0.0001157554,0.00006704212,0.0001351621,0.0000475829,0.000418052,0.00003191298,0.0004361085],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005098522,0.00006126468,0.0001033025,0.0003134562,0.0001279487,0.0001376719,0.00006972141,0.00007622316,0.0000161486],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002537938,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001944585,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003647328,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001085318,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987831,0.00005886487,0.0002490205,0.0001501187,0.0006334332,0.0001254829],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994038,0.0001076303,0.0001567597,0.000102402,0.000006118627,0.0002233314],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001807518,0.0002712513,0.7480488,0.000003909754,0.0004654528,0.0008593159,0.0006636325,0.2210063,0.003117929,0.001753234,0.002935391,0.02069405],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001866725,0.0007256303,0.8437263,0.00004842304,0.0005687299,0.000596937,0.001287251,0.10191,0.0009663625,0.005314432,0.04244998,0.0005392195],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9941075,0.00003227389,0.002973228,0.001578553,0.0002719616,0.00002946426,0.00002470088,0.00001409294,0.000968213],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983251,0.00004136667,0.0001922888,0.001257574,0.00006833344,0.00000123183,0.000009283441,0.00000390887,0.0001009123],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1190962,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4775082,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}