{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":6,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":6,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"78ae952ae6bc","filters":{"venue":"International Journal of Heat and Technology"}},"results":[{"id":"W2757305451","doi":"10.18280/ijht.35sp0101","title":"Potential impacts of the Montreal Protocol Kigali Amendment to the choice of refrigerant alternatives","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Heat and Technology","topic":"Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Technologies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":67,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Montreal Protocol; Refrigerant; Protocol (science); Amendment; Economics; Political science; Law; Geography; Engineering; Medicine; Meteorology; Mechanical engineering","authors":[{"name":"Fabio Polonara","is_ca":false},{"name":"L. J. M. Kuijpers","is_ca":false},{"name":"Roberto Peixoto","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01008702038690597,"gpt":0.2986209745833865,"spread":0.2885339541964806,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0173626,0.001147772,0.0006956772,0.002150205,0.005167437,0.007231719,0.005068121,0.006000625,0.01594054],"category_scores_gemma":[0.03420359,0.001054029,0.001693686,0.00170805,0.004198129,0.002922513,0.003356567,0.007955117,0.00243864],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.02194127,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.04070749,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.3475929,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.4328485,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9743035,0.004545343,0.001297822,0.001960123,0.0132458,0.004647412],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9863798,0.003883706,0.00141866,0.001156546,0.006422288,0.0007390105],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009637445,0.0003964385,0.006256963,0.001490948,0.0001333799,0.001949178,0.002080868,0.005320097,0.0224771,0.6261122,0.2404755,0.0923437],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001674067,0.0006092681,0.01047575,0.001267525,0.0001103441,0.0003362363,0.001053648,0.0008533237,0.01292438,0.01257932,0.9592683,0.0003544471],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.08099263,0.01022294,0.01865618,0.06928144,0.008741315,0.005782305,0.008270374,0.0008396413,0.7972132],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.4958688,0.008229955,0.05405265,0.08384093,0.001591977,0.006681329,0.005218639,0.0005112136,0.3440045],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3475929,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6911393,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2621049716","doi":"10.18280/ijht.330105","title":"CFD APPROACH FOR MODELING HIGH AND LOW COMBUSTION IN A NATURAL DRAFT RESIDENTIAL WOOD LOG STOVE","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Heat and Technology","topic":"Hygrothermal properties of building materials","field":"Engineering","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ministère du Développement Économique, de l’Innovation et de l’Exportation","keywords":"Stove; Combustion; Computational fluid dynamics; Environmental science; Waste management; Hull; Engineering; Process engineering; Marine engineering; Chemistry; Aerospace engineering","authors":[{"name":"Smail Kalla","is_ca":true},{"name":"Hugo Marcoux","is_ca":true},{"name":"Alain De Champlain","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01363546028627055,"gpt":0.2333527514105646,"spread":0.219717291124294,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001769109,0.0004529432,0.0004249277,0.0003579087,0.000426074,0.0006972157,0.0004685761,0.0009251795,0.001561271],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004308228,0.0002642956,0.0005576863,0.0002740504,0.0003820493,0.0004006546,0.0003896278,0.0004366945,0.0002757659],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004596822,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001107314,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009413456,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006066101,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999214,0.00001805377,0.000005921668,0.00001429738,0.0000261544,0.00001413042],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999019,0.00004568838,0.00001018917,0.000008404849,0.00002632678,0.000007551128],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001621731,0.00002183031,0.0005780754,0.0000286669,0.000005168431,0.00009035606,0.00003170417,0.9876391,0.005211018,0.002603982,0.0001388714,0.003634932],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003930551,0.000009457349,0.000209837,0.000003759833,0.000001973177,0.0000183001,0.00001076972,0.9976935,0.000982654,0.0003299185,0.0007318843,0.000004058964],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2324387,0.0005672022,0.7419824,0.0002211863,0.0001121276,0.0002082441,0.0007974543,0.0006470706,0.02302562],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9137388,0.000595126,0.07301378,0.00004791268,0.00002729261,0.0002742357,0.000514689,0.00008881852,0.01169938],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.009413456,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01871729,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3184478818","doi":"10.18280/ijht.390305","title":"Mixed Convection in a Two-Sided and Four-Sided Lid-Driven Square Porous Cavity","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Heat and Technology","topic":"Nanofluid Flow and Heat Transfer","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Innovation Cluster (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Enclosure; Prandtl number; Grashof number; Darcy number; Mechanics; Constant (computer programming); Porous medium; Combined forced and natural convection; Materials science; Porosity; Natural convection; Discretization; Nusselt number; Mathematics; Convection; Thermodynamics; Rayleigh number; Composite material; Physics; Reynolds number; Mathematical analysis; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"Shobha Bagai","is_ca":true},{"name":"Manoj Kumar","is_ca":false},{"name":"Arvind Patel","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01151135936198558,"gpt":0.2393356935487953,"spread":0.2278243341868098,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002777816,0.0002924259,0.0004511648,0.000186492,0.0003384215,0.0006303005,0.0005396769,0.0006529217,0.0003927574],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006164769,0.0002389574,0.0003840086,0.0001461874,0.0007671093,0.0004276612,0.0008231339,0.0002676244,0.00008201883],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002881627,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000613464,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001523528,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000799087,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998114,0.00003572976,0.000009847156,0.00005849482,0.00004622094,0.00003831584],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996923,0.0001105444,0.00007616819,0.00002759066,0.00004570385,0.000047616],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006180947,0.0001761377,0.006342444,0.0003866216,0.00008607766,0.001186708,0.0002830207,0.6325537,0.3309204,0.01291325,0.0005710443,0.0139625],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006309721,0.0001658623,0.0013097,0.000008405847,0.00001507969,0.0001917564,0.00003714944,0.9792225,0.01751755,0.0008171778,0.0006263216,0.00002540179],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9260805,0.0004660572,0.0703162,0.0001190111,0.00006349004,0.00003357917,0.00009407815,0.000126657,0.002700422],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9878934,0.00007177596,0.01095427,0.0000141337,0.000006739169,0.00003038565,0.00002877402,0.000005955929,0.0009945562],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001523528,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003029346,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3184731319","doi":"10.18280/ijht.390327","title":"Parametric Investigation on Single Cylinder Spark Ignition Engine Fueled Methanol Blends; Water-Based Micro Emulsions and Conventional Gasoline","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Heat and Technology","topic":"Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"National Institute of Technology Srinagar","keywords":"Gasoline; Brake specific fuel consumption; Spark-ignition engine; Ignition system; Thermal efficiency; Automotive engineering; Combustion; Environmental science; Alcohol fuel; Fuel efficiency; Materials science; Waste management; Nuclear engineering; Internal combustion engine; Engineering; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Aerospace engineering","authors":[{"name":"Ufaith Qadiri","is_ca":false},{"name":"Amjad Ali Pasha","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mustafa Mutiur Rahman","is_ca":true},{"name":"Mohammed Abdul Raheem","is_ca":false},{"name":"Abdul Gani Abdul Jameel","is_ca":false},{"name":"S. Nadaraja Pillai","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02178087312856527,"gpt":0.2560622173364159,"spread":0.2342813442078507,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002007496,0.0002567503,0.0003149564,0.00029666,0.000205463,0.0003497049,0.0003921016,0.0003005745,0.0008448219],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003620434,0.0001215079,0.0003249773,0.0002859192,0.0002902278,0.0004273953,0.0002328166,0.0002319764,0.00009045213],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002252082,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000184012,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009572497,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001150595,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998356,0.00001270971,0.000007252322,0.00002715615,0.00009198073,0.00002516568],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998746,0.00005130886,0.00002529738,0.00001087475,0.0000312126,0.000006702818],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009732322,0.0001958437,0.006220102,0.0004917579,0.00004415568,0.0006766387,0.0002502709,0.06534626,0.909026,0.001183284,0.000157776,0.01543487],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002532788,0.001019934,0.007770708,0.00001567048,0.0000452689,0.0002359573,0.0002693024,0.1328679,0.8559152,0.0003448859,0.001456789,0.00003308404],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9951435,0.0002092175,0.0032028,0.0000191439,0.000009492948,0.00001179759,0.00008202635,0.00002936979,0.001292605],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986662,0.000104088,0.0007624724,0.000001638255,0.000001133628,0.000006593238,0.00003506189,0.000004857545,0.0004180041],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0009572497,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002826273,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4320003649","doi":"10.18280/ijht.400620","title":"Reconstruction of the Thermal Source from the Temperature Measured Case of Surface Heat Treatment of Steel by Laser Beam","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Heat and Technology","topic":"Laser and Thermal Forming Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue","funders":"","keywords":"Conjugate gradient method; Thermal conductivity; Thermal conduction; Work (physics); Materials science; Heat transfer; Inverse problem; Convergence (economics); Temperature gradient; Thermal; Surface (topology); Inverse; Mechanical engineering; Mechanics; Laser; Laser beam quality; Computer science; Thermodynamics; Composite material; Optics; Algorithm; Mathematics; Mathematical analysis; Physics; Laser beams; Engineering; Geometry; Meteorology","authors":[{"name":"Mohamed Maniana","is_ca":false},{"name":"Azzedine Azim","is_ca":false},{"name":"Fouad Errchiqui","is_ca":true},{"name":"Abdelali Tajmouati","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.005302423274268523,"gpt":0.2052217500144581,"spread":0.1999193267401896,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000256374,0.0004529737,0.0002549721,0.0004884783,0.0001459758,0.0005565446,0.0004138481,0.0008796226,0.001287992],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006938609,0.0003073241,0.0005368298,0.0003733754,0.0006469107,0.0004167028,0.0002502781,0.0004732682,0.0003538065],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003349236,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005459987,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002015568,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001644359,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998486,0.0000213377,0.000007102788,0.00003662311,0.0000657631,0.00002041312],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998658,0.00004084161,0.00001929383,0.00002517828,0.0000428442,0.000006083053],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009638912,0.0001610487,0.009795582,0.0004463955,0.00007197481,0.001485697,0.0004787189,0.5844011,0.3180287,0.009691789,0.001797614,0.0726775],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002936119,0.00008704403,0.005839278,0.00001760113,0.00001887959,0.0003876096,0.0001109208,0.9307655,0.0599018,0.001875221,0.0009335412,0.00003323015],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4086215,0.0002584246,0.5859904,0.0003159734,0.00005671889,0.00005399405,0.0003406234,0.0006808094,0.003681455],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9442261,0.0001773726,0.05341202,0.00002265274,0.00001196845,0.00003132186,0.0002139359,0.00006033492,0.001844249],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002015568,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00430876,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4396518707","doi":"10.18280/ijht.420223","title":"Prediction of the Metallurgical Structure after Surface Heat Treatment of XC42 Steel","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Heat and Technology","topic":"Welding Techniques and Residual Stresses","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue","funders":"","keywords":"Metallurgy; Materials science","authors":[{"name":"Mohamed Maniana","is_ca":false},{"name":"Azddine Azim","is_ca":false},{"name":"Fouad Erchiqui","is_ca":true},{"name":"Abdelali Tajmouati","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007418362200885448,"gpt":0.2295163024596159,"spread":0.2220979402587304,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001450194,0.0002479692,0.0001483808,0.0003620433,0.000169542,0.0002595643,0.0002349453,0.0004577782,0.0009514409],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003748506,0.0001997943,0.0002332108,0.0002211961,0.0002416303,0.0001760382,0.00007281301,0.0001690964,0.0002769669],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004178106,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003002182,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004856585,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005131854,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999444,0.000006183242,0.000001801407,0.00001134376,0.00002569355,0.00001043705],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998497,0.00006327665,0.00002050592,0.00001623469,0.00004209192,0.000008181507],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002019857,0.00005190123,0.01190841,0.0001130609,0.000014254,0.0001876173,0.0001193114,0.7433205,0.2230384,0.0007101553,0.0003886868,0.01994572],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007699491,0.0001056385,0.01558236,0.000003387364,0.000004674331,0.00002260241,0.00003095568,0.9507927,0.03296357,0.0001787365,0.000299608,0.00000815889],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9777646,0.00008129812,0.01944063,0.00002210649,0.00000666758,0.00001766523,0.0001575973,0.000204952,0.002304473],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9970384,0.00002323157,0.002258808,0.000001559119,6.487226e-7,0.000004823516,0.00008026515,0.00001667897,0.0005756892],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.004856585,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009656608,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}