{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":5,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":5,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"4d3a163fb4fe","filters":{"venue":"International Journal of Law and Information Technology"}},"results":[{"id":"W2000015519","doi":"10.1093/ijlit/eai030","title":"Copyright Infringement in a Borderless World - Does Territoriality Matter? Society of Composers, Authors and Music Publishers of Canada v Canadian Association of Internet Providers [2004] 2 SCR 427","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Law and Information Technology","topic":"Copyright and Intellectual Property","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Supreme court; Test (biology); The Internet; Digital Millennium Copyright Act; Law; Jurisdiction; Copyright infringement; Liability; Political science; Element (criminal law); Service (business); Intellectual property; Business; Copyright law; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Susanna H.S. Leong","is_ca":false},{"name":"Cheng Lim Saw","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00479575240750386,"gpt":0.1824037023053188,"spread":0.1776079498978149,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004668436,0.0002832699,0.0005174315,0.001906474,0.01634625,0.01383643,0.002219046,0.009741678,0.004108979],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01413708,0.0004407346,0.0005778127,0.003004824,0.02250496,0.005700148,0.002974491,0.006428989,0.0004321239],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0281189,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0538536,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.8610501,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9321712,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9906291,0.0007490946,0.000275087,0.0008670383,0.004353546,0.003126075],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9886056,0.004749437,0.001000017,0.0005741793,0.003710273,0.001360559],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002163963,0.00001821369,0.004802769,0.0000387906,0.00001746573,0.0008270299,0.004005019,0.0003043811,0.000406668,0.9624916,0.01963983,0.007426539],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001837689,0.0001645801,0.07428234,0.001016165,0.0004764172,0.001510421,0.04542967,0.004642896,0.003510797,0.3733491,0.4948306,0.0006032376],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.1556036,0.006236956,0.003279433,0.1115003,0.0003749059,0.00009994378,0.0003336104,0.00007028464,0.722501],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9478514,0.002466538,0.0007930329,0.02429547,0.0001758091,0.00002706476,0.0000645575,0.00001833338,0.02430782],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1389499,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2795364,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2039007611","doi":"10.1093/ijlit/12.2.168","title":"Lead Users as a Source of Innovation","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Law and Information Technology","topic":"Innovative Approaches in Technology and Social Development","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Lead (geology); Computer science; Business; Risk analysis (engineering); Geology","authors":[{"name":"R. A. Brait","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01178394286502592,"gpt":0.2419531380622523,"spread":0.2301691951972264,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01192955,0.000632724,0.0005672048,0.006652774,0.005616683,0.02035914,0.00193956,0.004574846,0.04241619],"category_scores_gemma":[0.04523641,0.0005538883,0.0005856061,0.004162861,0.005339706,0.008670127,0.01011249,0.003486213,0.009947349],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.005853431,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.009360333,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002493099,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003450074,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9813534,0.008321714,0.0005265605,0.001492695,0.006266023,0.002039582],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9207007,0.03419961,0.004710829,0.01112692,0.01727723,0.01198475],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002584784,0.0003853388,0.02199539,0.0004316178,0.00009554167,0.002333204,0.04200204,0.0007701672,0.001784481,0.6363387,0.07844078,0.2151643],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002029411,0.0003899197,0.006365807,0.001048681,0.0001316137,0.002131858,0.02646276,0.004765843,0.003752998,0.222359,0.7322928,0.00009568191],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.09636905,0.003900076,0.038625,0.03510629,0.001245826,0.0004734303,0.0003268034,0.001483078,0.8224704],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8542973,0.001401371,0.007165379,0.002306874,0.0005000115,0.0003367946,0.0001601074,0.0003813184,0.1334507],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.04241619,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1418962,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1997694569","doi":"10.1093/ijlit/12.1.123-a","title":"Internet Law in Canada (3rd Ed.)","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Law and Information Technology","topic":"Law, logistics, and international trade","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Law; The Internet; Political science; Computer science; World Wide Web","authors":[{"name":"Bikram Chatterjee","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009535214725881036,"gpt":0.2072811738220894,"spread":0.1977459590962084,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008202716,0.00118115,0.0007126912,0.004817242,0.008691157,0.009700411,0.00161406,0.004946678,0.07633785],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002164557,0.0009292561,0.0005081192,0.008834298,0.00352411,0.004127983,0.001832676,0.002688462,0.02136836],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.05917278,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.08124936,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9519582,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9834245,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979267,0.00007707129,0.00006477958,0.0001247492,0.00140964,0.0003970412],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986708,0.00009019286,0.00005483595,0.00004678702,0.0008982693,0.0002391595],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003545332,0.000007058337,0.0002178775,0.00007447646,0.00000162219,0.00006938283,0.0003284076,0.0001054906,0.00004002593,0.01671068,0.944824,0.03761747],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000124457,0.000001766858,0.0007447644,0.0001947085,0.000002237741,0.00004637704,0.0002610846,0.00003544925,0.00002085133,0.001463788,0.9972206,0.000007066535],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.001121115,0.2931594,0.001300688,0.03861014,0.005106601,0.000102542,0.004022031,0.0005190185,0.6560584],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.01615375,0.1444789,0.001071209,0.01149077,0.0014196,0.000105736,0.0017362,0.0002097092,0.823334],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.07633785,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4293306,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2091974538","doi":"10.1093/ijlit/eas011","title":"Child Pornography: Law and Policy, by Alisdair A Gillespie,","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Law and Information Technology","topic":"Sexuality, Behavior, and Technology","field":"Psychology","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Child pornography; Pornography; Criminalization; Surprise; Legislation; Subject (documents); Law; Political science; Politics; Criminal law; Criminology; Sociology; The Internet","authors":[{"name":"Bikshan Chatterjee","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01163921333744639,"gpt":0.3156761409695524,"spread":0.304036927632106,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003479153,0.0008827253,0.0005729754,0.001186791,0.009173431,0.007995862,0.002298393,0.01742994,0.008237828],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01154973,0.0007134352,0.0004231117,0.00138366,0.009887083,0.008730528,0.005026766,0.01489992,0.002439667],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0108113,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01541241,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1147291,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1343222,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9966053,0.001261181,0.0001450046,0.0006085647,0.0008623274,0.0005176509],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9960774,0.002416263,0.0002817497,0.0001195331,0.000578062,0.0005269821],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001353207,0.00002576618,0.0002466821,0.000214666,0.000005475195,0.0003126423,0.006538235,0.00005854958,0.00007975518,0.07050503,0.9043707,0.01762901],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004218786,0.000008862267,0.001137119,0.00095159,0.00000382337,0.0001727427,0.004650743,0.00003881181,0.0000519803,0.006592342,0.9863706,0.00001722711],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.00152318,0.1420618,0.00009215428,0.8219042,0.006858629,0.00001522682,0.0000632414,0.00001701344,0.02746456],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0566932,0.1751458,0.0006876716,0.5513636,0.01106894,0.0001614867,0.0001126265,0.00009103825,0.2046757],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1147291,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2281225,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7123819041","doi":"10.1093/ijlit/eaaf018","title":"Regulator coherence, capacity, and collaboration: applying lessons from Canada and the UK for fintech regulatory sandboxes","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Law and Information Technology","topic":"FinTech, Crowdfunding, Digital Finance","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Sandbox (software development); Regulator; FinTech; Financial regulation; Regulatory authority","authors":[{"name":"UnyimeAbasi Odong","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007685378194073301,"gpt":0.2254167065460505,"spread":0.2177313283519772,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01540432,0.0003996325,0.000611347,0.003372645,0.0314272,0.0201864,0.002381776,0.00443221,0.007345868],"category_scores_gemma":[0.03606066,0.0004622875,0.0006236153,0.004724547,0.03307642,0.007664025,0.007572921,0.007048094,0.0003263306],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.1846167,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.276712,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9811696,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9897278,"domain_scores_codex":[0.983074,0.005046253,0.000345945,0.001147012,0.004769181,0.005617579],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9513327,0.02533282,0.001687897,0.00179344,0.01349563,0.006357562],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001429348,0.0001105543,0.02456289,0.0002346681,0.00006340128,0.00174101,0.2149954,0.002619282,0.000419459,0.6725184,0.0347967,0.0477954],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001228925,0.00009035812,0.0395198,0.001523588,0.0001278892,0.0002245048,0.5268041,0.003017001,0.001239269,0.09264377,0.3343537,0.0003331229],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3902589,0.004366342,0.007305527,0.1726014,0.0004605801,0.000229426,0.0004371494,0.0001246517,0.4242159],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9866652,0.001028552,0.001363394,0.003982843,0.00002660392,0.00003742866,0.00004595048,0.00003109509,0.00681898],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8153833,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.945729,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}