{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":232,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":1,"predictions_cover":232,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"90edaad7179a","filters":{"venue":"International Journal of Remote Sensing"}},"results":[{"id":"W2077570405","doi":"10.1080/01431160412331291297","title":"GLC2000: a new approach to global land cover mapping from Earth observation data","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","topic":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1867,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Land cover; Vegetation (pathology); General partnership; Geography; Remote sensing; Geomatics; Earth observation; Database; Product (mathematics); Environmental resource management; Cover (algebra); Cartography; Land use; Computer science; Satellite; Political science; Environmental science; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"Étienne Bartholomé","is_ca":false},{"name":"Alan Belward","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04154139217003906,"gpt":0.2669772099775927,"spread":0.2254358178075537,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003113384,0.0001515056,0.0001836523,0.00004799287,0.00005176283,0.0001698224,0.0007127441,0.00007887035,0.0001099598],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002371962,0.0001253951,0.00007009634,0.000231271,0.0000322756,0.0008198165,0.000357667,0.0002107326,0.0003899559],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004269993,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004629893,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001696082,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002933685,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980419,0.00005507204,0.0004401029,0.0003045396,0.0009692468,0.0001891412],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990265,0.00004723341,0.0003335231,0.0003085936,0.0000964295,0.0001877569],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000881894,0.00003720936,0.002521244,0.000001138733,0.0001190852,0.00006396891,0.000510556,0.05760591,0.01188025,0.000005600942,0.03732361,0.8898432],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001016749,0.00002578728,0.09919907,0.0002149253,0.0000410247,0.001219803,0.00008804685,0.359614,0.0008926625,0.0006023866,0.5367618,0.0003237755],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.6208564,0.00005028921,0.3581201,0.006861853,0.001016377,0.0001142333,0.00002825964,0.00002631737,0.01292615],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.1796734,0.00001927723,0.8152663,0.002212871,0.002022344,1.759119e-9,0.00005632672,0.00001232217,0.0007371772],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8895195,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5113465,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2001510610","doi":"10.1080/01431161.2012.748992","title":"Finer resolution observation and monitoring of global land cover: first mapping results with Landsat TM and ETM+ data","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","topic":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1716,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Centre de Géomatique du Québec","funders":"","keywords":"Thematic Mapper; Land cover; Remote sensing; Moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer; Orthophoto; Cartography; Satellite imagery; Environmental science; Satellite; Geography; Land use","authors":[{"name":"Peng Gong","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jie Wang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Le Yu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yongchao Zhao","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yuanyuan Zhao","is_ca":false},{"name":"Lü Liang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Zhenguo Niu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Xiaomeng Huang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Haohuan Fu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Shuang Liu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Congcong Li","is_ca":false},{"name":"Xueyan Li","is_ca":false},{"name":"Wei Fu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Caixia Liu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yue‐Ping Xu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Xiaoyi Wang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Qu Cheng","is_ca":false},{"name":"Luanyun Hu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Wenbo Yao","is_ca":false},{"name":"Han Zhang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Peng Zhu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ziying Zhao","is_ca":false},{"name":"Haiying Zhang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yaomin Zheng","is_ca":false},{"name":"Luyan Ji","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ya‐Wen Zhang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Han Chen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yan An","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jianhong Guo","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yu Liang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Lei Wang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Xiaojun Liu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Tingting Shi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Menghua Zhu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yanlei Chen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Guangwen Yang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ping Tang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Bing Xu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Chandra Giri","is_ca":false},{"name":"Nicholas Clinton","is_ca":false},{"name":"Zhiliang Zhu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jin Chen","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jun Chen","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03088526435108061,"gpt":0.2553800190547297,"spread":0.2244947547036491,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004736697,0.0001033798,0.0001399564,0.00003132035,0.00006096043,0.00005210471,0.0001502089,0.0000577395,0.000001986039],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000214734,0.00007474218,0.00001903284,0.0001138685,0.00007966849,0.0007772743,0.0001907315,0.0001338589,0.00000186051],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001711911,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009979371,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005973615,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001203968,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988309,0.00003868487,0.0003243117,0.0001465848,0.000519967,0.0001395857],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991738,0.00008107797,0.0004323742,0.000138352,0.0000961293,0.0000783347],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004602722,0.00003005569,0.8766289,0.00001837858,0.0001330994,0.00007124197,0.0008282802,0.005052012,0.007374044,0.000004726695,0.0009316397,0.1084673],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000973194,0.00005145506,0.9576431,0.000559111,0.00003491151,0.001937429,0.0001151828,0.0298617,0.0005805646,0.00005723345,0.008056491,0.0001296178],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9922201,0.0001924602,0.005191985,0.001437726,0.0004547976,0.00004787509,0.00001572681,0.000006722879,0.0004325846],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.899017,0.00015521,0.1003351,0.00003767346,0.0004099835,1.777385e-9,0.00001140133,0.000005693234,0.00002787072],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1083377,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3047898,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2133160971","doi":"10.1080/01431160701736489","title":"Review of methods of small‐footprint airborne laser scanning for extracting forest inventory data in boreal forests","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","topic":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":632,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Canadian Forest Service; Canadian Sport Centre Pacific","funders":"","keywords":"Remote sensing; Laser scanning; Taiga; Forest inventory; Lidar; Environmental science; Tree canopy; Photogrammetry; Terrain; Canopy; Footprint; Tree (set theory); Geography; Forestry; Agroforestry; Forest management; Laser; Cartography; Mathematics","authors":[{"name":"Juha Hyyppä","is_ca":false},{"name":"Hannu Hyyppä","is_ca":false},{"name":"Donald G. Leckie","is_ca":true},{"name":"François A. Gougeon","is_ca":true},{"name":"Xiaowei Yu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Matti Maltamo","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0809476343659227,"gpt":0.3733521418707554,"spread":0.2924045075048327,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001910951,0.0001109517,0.0003146873,0.0001449699,0.00004121334,0.000008543903,0.0004955335,0.00005459986,0.000006583555],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001102605,0.0001037299,0.0001319876,0.0001809323,0.0001462888,0.0001515213,0.0002019807,0.0002241749,9.760694e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001506035,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007749134,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008732571,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003576893,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982746,0.0001139778,0.0009096056,0.0001911737,0.0003590926,0.000151613],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980565,0.000301004,0.001036325,0.0003246204,0.0002143773,0.00006721085],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000876754,0.00006653681,0.00793427,0.0002047949,0.00007812634,0.00003889565,0.0003217183,0.002727033,0.008162711,0.00001619672,0.0006003144,0.9797617],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003339255,0.0003195308,0.3474485,0.02856417,0.0002529724,0.004793311,0.0004969925,0.4972812,0.05476326,0.003537196,0.05842309,0.0007805138],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6676974,0.001389427,0.3278124,0.0008067504,0.0003678941,0.0002377862,0.000009258075,0.000007643459,0.001671442],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5156239,0.001085861,0.4830358,0.0001050215,0.0001074724,2.464451e-8,0.00001219995,0.0000135779,0.00001616148],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9789812,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4229982,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2794891691","doi":"10.1080/01431161.2018.1452075","title":"Land cover 2.0","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","topic":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":401,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada; University of British Columbia; Canadian Forest Service","funders":"Canadian Space Agency; National Aeronautics and Space Administration","keywords":"Land cover; Remote sensing; Advanced very-high-resolution radiometer; Earth observation; Context (archaeology); Thematic Mapper; Land information system; Computer science; Cover (algebra); Earth system science; Thematic map; Satellite; Data science; Land use; Satellite imagery; Geography; Land management; Cartography; Geology; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"Michael A. Wulder","is_ca":true},{"name":"Nicholas C. Coops","is_ca":true},{"name":"David P. Roy","is_ca":false},{"name":"Joanne C. White","is_ca":true},{"name":"Txomin Hermosilla","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008421781294441356,"gpt":0.2454367834271219,"spread":0.2370150021326805,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002391392,0.00009074212,0.0001120954,0.00005313244,0.00004994731,0.00006580314,0.0002441025,0.00005293957,0.0003697619],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001524714,0.00006658219,0.00008525023,0.0001036897,0.000147932,0.0001984459,0.00009539485,0.0001642854,0.0005763333],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001961041,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001290971,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001274947,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005227153,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987923,0.00003634659,0.0002738234,0.0001105079,0.0006548542,0.0001321843],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999325,0.00003891691,0.0002784476,0.00009385885,0.0001894263,0.00007431527],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001412257,0.00002455979,0.002859411,0.000001317815,0.0001241665,0.0005559087,0.0007685982,0.001263025,0.07992388,0.000008107224,0.03423301,0.8800968],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001827812,0.0003710478,0.05303954,0.0003802809,0.00006677617,0.01444619,0.0001111509,0.07639305,0.05902618,0.004408848,0.7893702,0.0005589311],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9193988,0.00001766155,0.02883229,0.001955489,0.002940433,0.00003731748,9.397609e-7,0.00001660062,0.04680043],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9047297,0.00001552715,0.09221204,0.0007351668,0.001539581,3.723651e-10,8.475517e-7,0.00001028855,0.0007568491],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8795379,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.740779,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2012116092","doi":"10.1080/01431160500075857","title":"Detection of intense plankton blooms using the 709 nm band of the MERIS imaging spectrometer","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","topic":"Marine and coastal ecosystems","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":345,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada","funders":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada; Canadian Space Agency; European Space Agency; Australian Government","keywords":"Radiance; Imaging spectrometer; Remote sensing; Environmental science; Satellite; Spectrometer; Ocean color; Oceanography; Geology; Physics; Optics; Astronomy","authors":[{"name":"Jim Gower","is_ca":true},{"name":"Stephanie King","is_ca":true},{"name":"Gary A. Borstad","is_ca":false},{"name":"Leslie Brown","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00955445938651113,"gpt":0.2156044123818768,"spread":0.2060499529953657,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004329566,0.00007424483,0.000140762,0.0001227925,0.00005510357,0.00003855594,0.0002257254,0.00002057912,0.00005349188],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007395633,0.0000419835,0.0001377675,0.0001121197,0.000060565,0.0001699124,0.00002041648,0.0001710038,0.000001397098],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001574876,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003942081,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002825742,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0021085,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988878,0.00007963265,0.0004252807,0.0000676658,0.000441495,0.00009816227],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988934,0.00009832188,0.0005917036,0.00009431143,0.0002949561,0.00002729184],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000161809,0.000005980204,0.008974835,0.000008635179,0.0001341478,0.00002438739,0.0005233591,0.003345907,0.08257798,0.000001878267,0.00003178477,0.9042093],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007593781,0.0001381831,0.04809364,0.0005325196,0.0001187037,0.00670169,0.001262962,0.7380812,0.1981028,0.0005784147,0.005443915,0.0001866628],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9915076,0.0001942443,0.005485131,0.0006703865,0.0009012484,0.00004082739,0.000006943946,0.00000242972,0.001191228],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974381,0.00002718611,0.001920204,0.0001102066,0.0004655908,9.665325e-10,8.756445e-7,0.000002857266,0.0000349256],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9040226,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4271696,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2144362041","doi":"10.1080/01431160310001618464","title":"Examining the effect of spatial resolution and texture window size on classification accuracy: an urban environment case","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","topic":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":277,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Land cover; Remote sensing; Image resolution; Contextual image classification; Geography; Window (computing); Cartography; Classifier (UML); Computer science; Texture (cosmology); Artificial intelligence; Land use; Image (mathematics)","authors":[{"name":"Dongmei Chen","is_ca":false},{"name":"D. A. Stow","is_ca":false},{"name":"Peng Gong","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01328333869139886,"gpt":0.2432140190719095,"spread":0.2299306803805106,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006531996,0.0001567306,0.0001701913,0.0000506373,0.000119562,0.00006101626,0.0001869623,0.00009157124,0.0000152444],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004652693,0.00009690841,0.00006821234,0.00006600971,0.0001890079,0.0002382353,0.00007231889,0.0003396737,0.000007660286],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000411113,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001185795,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004193842,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007780236,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983484,0.000209765,0.0003878248,0.0002011222,0.000718162,0.0001347461],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986826,0.0003944108,0.0006183455,0.0001837523,0.00004115976,0.00007971254],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000395883,0.00003714644,0.001735968,0.000005157676,0.00007746374,0.0009940601,0.001573038,0.03397312,0.2740766,0.00001062923,0.0001011964,0.6870197],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.007271865,0.004977615,0.6061,0.001275821,0.0003601854,0.07075898,0.001795251,0.1283956,0.1719026,0.001195182,0.005060958,0.0009058866],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9888049,0.0000321491,0.009078177,0.001157424,0.0003785776,0.0001400728,0.000002109344,0.000007926052,0.0003986281],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9892855,0.00002821738,0.01016882,0.0001152471,0.0003700169,1.264161e-8,0.000002436777,0.00001245006,0.00001730013],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6861138,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.395181,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2034671455","doi":"10.1080/01431160050030592","title":"Destriping multisensor imagery with moment matching","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","topic":"Image and Signal Denoising Methods","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":255,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Golder Associates (Canada); University of Toronto","funders":"Delta Waterfowl; University of Toronto","keywords":"Histogram; Outlier; Histogram matching; Moment (physics); Artificial intelligence; Matching (statistics); Computer science; Offset (computer science); Computer vision; Histogram equalization; Pattern recognition (psychology); Mathematics; Statistics; Image (mathematics)","authors":[{"name":"F. L. Gadallah","is_ca":true},{"name":"F. Csillag","is_ca":true},{"name":"Eric Smith","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01632281076912038,"gpt":0.2835757035005704,"spread":0.26725289273145,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005837573,0.0001228988,0.000181754,0.0002282536,0.0000769109,0.0003680498,0.0005195276,0.00003127248,0.00001895787],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003950439,0.00009823178,0.0001021893,0.0001478875,0.00003323436,0.0007215103,0.00004965118,0.0002471259,0.00001546263],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001152672,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008762767,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005634148,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001867505,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984512,0.0001151383,0.0003931888,0.0001598341,0.000694084,0.0001865466],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988835,0.0001351648,0.0002639702,0.0001617022,0.0004695328,0.00008609346],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009858402,0.00001209967,0.000006827592,0.000002284441,0.00007003019,0.001867799,0.0005343209,0.002254223,0.01600451,0.00006060474,0.00005745241,0.9790313],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.009428496,0.0006777919,0.003102491,0.003711773,0.0001169663,0.0654286,0.0004345101,0.6935666,0.1666613,0.02355232,0.03190345,0.001415675],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.1750336,0.00008306178,0.8214486,0.001220063,0.0005556972,0.00002917761,2.918028e-7,0.00002461901,0.001604862],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.2511691,0.00003363825,0.7477352,0.0004815909,0.0003251722,4.963563e-9,2.776712e-7,0.000009797192,0.0002451527],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9776156,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4005776,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2152334070","doi":"10.1080/01431160903571791","title":"Comparison of pixel- and object-based classification in land cover change mapping","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","topic":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":230,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"Vlaamse regering","keywords":"Thematic Mapper; Thematic map; Land cover; Change detection; Cartography; Remote sensing; Pixel; Object (grammar); Land use; Geography; Computer science; Data mining; Artificial intelligence; Satellite imagery; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"Laura Dingle Robertson","is_ca":true},{"name":"Douglas J. King","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0803817342266771,"gpt":0.2913954218955067,"spread":0.2110136876688296,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002251902,0.00004880388,0.0001215064,0.00009206652,0.00001422235,0.00001239244,0.00009192078,0.00003019944,0.00005433707],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001408343,0.0000396468,0.00002615045,0.00006017832,0.0000134319,0.0001771256,0.00002837915,0.00006748827,0.000008186224],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005891596,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006330688,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007406776,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005652542,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993308,0.0000288998,0.0002884931,0.00006565397,0.0002219395,0.00006423475],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995465,0.00002833229,0.0003170955,0.0000446586,0.00003485848,0.00002858485],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001187396,0.00005190414,0.8791658,0.00001960267,0.00002844469,0.00002978904,0.003731142,0.0002700129,0.01267393,0.000003589109,0.00002139328,0.1038856],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006325651,0.00005636507,0.7618076,0.0003358581,0.000009460869,0.00006298078,0.0002852704,0.2309463,0.004631076,0.0001680485,0.0009851491,0.00007932717],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.99555,0.00005246435,0.002696683,0.0001574607,0.0002073608,0.00003563057,9.277628e-7,0.000002232105,0.001297257],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9935783,0.00001992932,0.006258378,0.00007701937,0.00005920678,1.288711e-8,0.00000102092,0.000003648591,0.000002461297],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2306762,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.161675,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2115076670","doi":"10.1080/014311601750038857","title":"Evaluation of C-band SAR data for wetlands mapping","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","topic":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":208,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"Glaucoma Research Society of Canada","keywords":"Wetland; Remote sensing; Polarimetry; Bog; Synthetic aperture radar; Environmental science; Vegetation classification; Polarization (electrochemistry); Vegetation (pathology); Peat; Geology; Geography; Scattering; Physics; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"Nicolas Baghdadi","is_ca":true},{"name":"Monique Bernier","is_ca":true},{"name":"R. Gauthier","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ian Neeson","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05704297600137583,"gpt":0.321736391645533,"spread":0.2646934156441572,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001154653,0.00007653244,0.0001398545,0.0001805868,0.00002205402,0.00002357896,0.0002871187,0.00004698678,0.00001254125],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002300408,0.00007038683,0.00006041739,0.00007772942,0.00001882705,0.000136696,0.00002272225,0.00008565027,7.078033e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001052797,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004573694,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001134242,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005075218,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988865,0.00002116495,0.0003785382,0.00008254484,0.0005506888,0.00008054866],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985137,0.0001084749,0.0001829061,0.0002075738,0.0009590688,0.00002826828],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001114323,0.000006602758,0.00001337667,0.000005526921,0.000132561,0.000003304708,0.00005435119,0.0001698389,0.00540301,0.00003002277,0.000734672,0.9934356],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004063306,0.00001515625,0.0001136362,0.0001828654,0.0000755623,0.0004064644,0.000059981,0.5884237,0.01289009,0.00310169,0.3942527,0.00007189917],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.04070512,0.0003874077,0.9554445,0.0005457963,0.0004271001,0.0001099544,0.00001840289,0.000026887,0.002334886],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.4839708,0.000214114,0.5154101,0.00002599386,0.0003390224,1.56854e-8,0.0000198492,0.00001335686,0.000006855003],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9933637,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2870292,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2215770970","doi":"10.1080/2150704x.2015.1126375","title":"Forest recovery trends derived from Landsat time series for North American boreal forests","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","topic":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":186,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada; Canadian Forest Service; University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; U.S. Geological Survey","keywords":"Normalized Difference Vegetation Index; Taiga; Pixel; Disturbance (geology); Vegetation (pathology); Environmental science; Boreal; Physical geography; Remote sensing; Spectral bands; Forestry; Geography; Leaf area index; Ecology; Geology; Biology; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Paul D. Pickell","is_ca":true},{"name":"Txomin Hermosilla","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ryan J. Frazier","is_ca":true},{"name":"Nicholas C. Coops","is_ca":true},{"name":"Michael A. Wulder","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01119393416384829,"gpt":0.2381872794125363,"spread":0.226993345248688,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002164216,0.0001808823,0.0002761651,0.0001063099,0.00006544551,0.0001494518,0.0003095249,0.00005770562,0.00001650997],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002903005,0.0001403267,0.0001798529,0.0001904711,0.0001886453,0.0004234251,0.0001029925,0.000198534,0.00003730643],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004205808,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004360065,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001401481,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009200341,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983698,0.00005661975,0.000416058,0.000204465,0.0007267488,0.0002262922],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987059,0.000119267,0.0005990438,0.0001358892,0.0002441312,0.0001957359],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009101098,0.00002956358,0.026303,0.000001269055,0.0002185584,0.0002640933,0.0008548811,0.01069209,0.004568675,0.000001141211,0.02069801,0.9354586],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002086851,0.0008339651,0.8743367,0.0001584735,0.0001253565,0.002160103,0.0003416638,0.05772029,0.005240398,0.002936628,0.05344535,0.0006142003],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9834993,0.00001554707,0.01156406,0.00196209,0.0009608692,0.0000596483,0.00003446139,0.00002380917,0.001880193],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.823186,0.00001517119,0.1750009,0.0002681936,0.0009811453,1.359236e-8,0.00009827819,0.00002506354,0.0004251791],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9348444,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5722355,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2167753478","doi":"10.1080/01431161.2013.788261","title":"Integration of orthoimagery and lidar data for object-based urban thematic mapping using random forests","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","topic":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":176,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University; University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Multispectral image; Artificial intelligence; Random forest; Lidar; Orthophoto; Thematic Mapper; Segmentation; Aerial image; Pattern recognition (psychology); Thematic map; Image segmentation; Feature (linguistics); Feature selection; Classifier (UML); Pixel; Remote sensing; Satellite imagery; Image (mathematics); Geography; Cartography","authors":[{"name":"Haiyan Guan","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jonathan Li","is_ca":true},{"name":"Michael A. Chapman","is_ca":true},{"name":"Fei Deng","is_ca":false},{"name":"Zheng Ji","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yang Xu","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03133330515750703,"gpt":0.272343004543332,"spread":0.2410096993858249,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006422827,0.000138569,0.000260392,0.000128176,0.00006128508,0.0001099817,0.0003194096,0.00007045167,0.00001666775],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007787429,0.000101225,0.00009575336,0.0001183246,0.0001170562,0.0005642539,0.0001320886,0.0001685371,0.000003908785],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000134752,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003255018,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002120988,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008911834,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984786,0.00007277834,0.0005880141,0.0001855461,0.0005312132,0.0001438653],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983652,0.0003215805,0.0007584594,0.0002196118,0.0002699017,0.00006523046],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001370215,0.00003349598,0.001687757,0.00003696247,0.0001310408,0.00003061996,0.0007429143,0.003741193,0.6422661,0.000003597596,0.001505961,0.3496834],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001474104,0.00005280668,0.01148561,0.0009348886,0.00006138635,0.0006599606,0.0003814371,0.9683613,0.01472737,0.001183075,0.0005031879,0.0001748584],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5935456,0.00003653086,0.4054752,0.0003333944,0.000293929,0.0001712102,0.000003879353,0.000005627804,0.0001346542],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6469221,0.00000602773,0.3527965,0.00007918645,0.0001535081,1.012353e-8,0.00001230792,0.00001076051,0.00001960686],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9646201,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4127837,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2109931483","doi":"10.1080/01431160701408477","title":"ASTER DEMs for geomatic and geoscientific applications: a review","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","topic":"Satellite Image Processing and Photogrammetry","field":"Engineering","cited_by":172,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Remote sensing; Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer; Digital elevation model; Geomatics; Stereoscopy; Geospatial analysis; Orthophoto; Digitization; Photogrammetry; Geolocation; Satellite; Georeference; Terrain; Computer science; Earth observation; Satellite imagery; Elevation (ballistics); Geographic information system; Geology; Geography; Cartography; Artificial intelligence; Computer vision","authors":[{"name":"Thierry Toutin","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0351450420129456,"gpt":0.33071896089812,"spread":0.2955739188851744,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000324281,0.0002336372,0.0007913039,0.0003547736,0.00004924748,0.0001315369,0.0002557746,0.0001046565,0.000003024384],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001261815,0.0001953064,0.0003627378,0.0002080168,0.00004775685,0.0001108995,0.00002563676,0.0002921518,0.000007853635],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000968975,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008150102,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002894102,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.039448e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984878,0.00003145631,0.0008689541,0.0001504177,0.0003096336,0.0001517153],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986188,0.000236703,0.0004941014,0.0001348879,0.0004367392,0.00007879971],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001142437,0.000003293329,4.543076e-8,0.01399341,0.0001801192,0.00001964957,0.00001688748,0.000003327774,0.000002637591,5.733674e-7,0.0009051818,0.9848737],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009728792,0.000007850383,1.02286e-7,0.06270833,0.0002680795,0.005975337,0.000003479555,0.00323756,0.000006056121,0.0001163599,0.9274188,0.0001607217],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.000001298643,0.8005854,0.1982061,0.00002268845,0.0007575395,0.0002916286,0.00001585249,0.00002526632,0.00009420306],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.000001584057,0.9269839,0.07233039,0.00007845635,0.0004786054,6.882846e-7,0.0000295329,0.00004779555,0.00004902333],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.984713,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7964366,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1994809198","doi":"10.1080/01431160701736505","title":"Mapping the height and above‐ground biomass of a mixed forest using lidar and stereo Ikonos images","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","topic":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":143,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Lidar; Remote sensing; Digital elevation model; Elevation (ballistics); Multispectral image; Environmental science; Terrain; Digital surface; Photogrammetry; Canopy; Percentile; Ranging; Geography; Geodesy; Cartography; Mathematics; Statistics","authors":[{"name":"Benoît St-Onge","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yongxiang Hu","is_ca":true},{"name":"Cédric Vega","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02632519518935333,"gpt":0.2516140571718428,"spread":0.2252888619824895,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003000665,0.0001071114,0.0001617631,0.0001051752,0.0001654284,0.00005726355,0.0001510497,0.00004083738,0.000006101306],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006822317,0.00007874473,0.00006449693,0.0001273814,0.0003931705,0.0001878723,0.0001182381,0.0001426735,0.000002024539],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007664665,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002125091,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000634487,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005199952,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989197,0.00005787692,0.0003789428,0.0001353556,0.0003863358,0.0001217863],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991786,0.0001315933,0.0004080887,0.0001183754,0.00009855691,0.00006474898],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009867674,0.00004585611,0.01658306,0.00001674854,0.0002566678,0.0002556977,0.004507489,0.0005397268,0.4817965,0.00003233983,0.0003849092,0.4954823],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002568685,0.0002018559,0.7166082,0.0008673741,0.0001416448,0.03901632,0.003029491,0.1482981,0.05977352,0.005713847,0.02307784,0.0007030424],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9642547,0.0001908537,0.03349216,0.001164685,0.0001995078,0.00006572911,0.000002501904,0.000005289416,0.0006245789],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9485813,0.0001399713,0.05100469,0.00007231519,0.0001377338,4.481949e-9,6.438196e-7,0.00001072185,0.00005259208],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7000252,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3211117,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1965362766","doi":"10.1080/01431161.2012.700133","title":"Multi-temporal RADARSAT-2 polarimetric SAR data for urban land-cover classification using an object-based support vector machine and a rule-based approach","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","topic":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":124,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Canadian Space Agency","keywords":"Support vector machine; Land cover; Remote sensing; Synthetic aperture radar; Polarimetry; Computer science; Cohen's kappa; Contextual image classification; Pattern recognition (psychology); Environmental science; Artificial intelligence; Geography; Land use; Machine learning; Image (mathematics)","authors":[{"name":"Xin Niu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yifang Ban","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05743423422570928,"gpt":0.3040385935813299,"spread":0.2466043593556206,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006374405,0.0001780907,0.0002281962,0.0003998031,0.00006825052,0.00008670816,0.0003061324,0.0001063322,0.000005948741],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001122193,0.0001631557,0.00007746877,0.0001506429,0.00004015335,0.0003842235,0.00003161573,0.0002047311,8.823896e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001875696,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009062988,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001975655,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004883613,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988132,0.00004278285,0.0004293255,0.0001768566,0.0003386547,0.0001992479],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989342,0.0001291866,0.0002534599,0.0003166701,0.0002401758,0.0001263021],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002016123,0.0003199478,0.005829797,0.00008268439,0.0003096924,0.00001248547,0.0002013658,0.0004127234,0.03002991,0.00005835022,0.0004507851,0.9620907],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008120259,0.00003572743,0.002104469,0.00005374901,0.00007438424,0.0002305814,0.00001897064,0.910287,0.00699464,0.00002223683,0.07918888,0.0001773773],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.03218676,0.0004929677,0.9664043,0.0001542737,0.0003138389,0.0001939164,0.0001204462,0.00007161588,0.00006191027],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.471346,0.000006919678,0.5281207,0.00005347334,0.0002768061,2.127373e-8,0.000165548,0.00002779671,0.000002748329],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9619133,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6653298,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2463336507","doi":"10.1080/01431161.2016.1194545","title":"Towards a set of agrosystem-specific cropland mapping methods to address the global cropland diversity","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","topic":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":123,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","funders":"Russian Science Foundation; European Commission","keywords":"Moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer; Remote sensing; Pairwise comparison; Environmental science; Data set; Computer science; Thematic map; Baseline (sea); Calibration; Image resolution; Satellite; Statistics; Cartography; Geography; Mathematics; Artificial intelligence","authors":[{"name":"François Waldner","is_ca":false},{"name":"Diego de Abelleyra","is_ca":false},{"name":"Santiago R. Verón","is_ca":false},{"name":"Miao Zhang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Bingfang Wu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Д.Е. Плотников","is_ca":false},{"name":"С.А. Барталев","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mykola Lavreniuk","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sergii Skakun","is_ca":false},{"name":"Nataliia Kussul","is_ca":false},{"name":"Guerric Le Maire","is_ca":false},{"name":"Stéphane Dupuy","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ian Jarvis","is_ca":true},{"name":"Pierre Defourny","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02811484508570678,"gpt":0.2970490568489803,"spread":0.2689342117632735,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000984509,0.0001576652,0.0002568733,0.00006561437,0.0001439318,0.00007304434,0.0006207642,0.00007736897,0.00006025445],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002576538,0.00008104337,0.00016789,0.0002303128,0.0001586571,0.00018699,0.0006406616,0.0001496482,0.00003045157],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005972352,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002259889,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003923765,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001067399,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978872,0.000249546,0.0004891119,0.0002001766,0.000968413,0.0002055663],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986959,0.0001841898,0.000546208,0.0001947077,0.0002490135,0.0001299416],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002201239,0.00001361143,0.004649059,0.00000637439,0.0001868956,0.0002822306,0.001851593,0.0007840116,0.1236947,0.00001925108,0.006620498,0.8616716],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004509578,0.000386941,0.4484257,0.003762946,0.0001776275,0.01992901,0.002503202,0.004095218,0.09094223,0.005537855,0.4185335,0.001196203],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7091436,0.00007108097,0.2808157,0.004346163,0.001871318,0.0001226249,0.00002708103,0.00001172029,0.003590719],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.853736,0.00004750699,0.1453976,0.0002041076,0.0004679359,4.351359e-9,9.045048e-7,0.000008359427,0.0001376186],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8604754,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3304853,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1967005377","doi":"10.1080/01431161.2012.756596","title":"InSAR time-series analysis of land subsidence in Bangkok, Thailand","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","topic":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":120,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Canadian Space Agency; Chulalongkorn University; European Commission","keywords":"Levelling; Interferometric synthetic aperture radar; Subsidence; Series (stratigraphy); Geology; Flooding (psychology); Water level; Synthetic aperture radar; Physical geography; Geodesy; Remote sensing; Geography; Geomorphology; Cartography","authors":[{"name":"Anuphao Aobpaet","is_ca":false},{"name":"Miguel Caro Cuenca","is_ca":false},{"name":"Andrew Hooper","is_ca":false},{"name":"Itthi Trisirisatayawong","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.005757996154143274,"gpt":0.2242752312695768,"spread":0.2185172351154336,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001439115,0.00007536668,0.0002108637,0.0004736431,0.000009155839,0.00002817566,0.0001532814,0.00004470277,0.00006525158],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006358867,0.00006492344,0.00009335647,0.0002581709,0.00003004826,0.0001689902,0.00001643307,0.0001080439,0.00000558734],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005731646,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001667196,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002012476,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009333133,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999262,0.00001474853,0.0003590492,0.0000586098,0.0002286822,0.00007693686],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993895,0.0001044959,0.0001318058,0.00009514455,0.0002491871,0.00002988419],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002061487,0.00001753656,0.003691058,0.00001093978,0.0008056999,0.0000575001,0.0004066632,0.0009320445,0.01551042,0.00006625732,0.0004170577,0.9780642],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007657678,0.0000867709,0.08970753,0.0007729506,0.000414722,0.0007182722,0.0002660262,0.763545,0.09132801,0.005553556,0.04635262,0.0004887977],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6990087,0.0002453594,0.2979406,0.0004708998,0.0001325247,0.00005916389,0.000004153084,0.00002828301,0.00211031],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7155249,0.000160905,0.2842053,0.00001999398,0.00005146072,2.651171e-8,0.000002179179,0.000007965798,0.00002729741],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9775754,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2647501,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2080849056","doi":"10.1080/01431160512331326567","title":"Usefulness and limits of MODIS GPP for estimating wheat yield","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","topic":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":112,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"McMaster University; U.S. Department of Agriculture; National Aeronautics and Space Administration","keywords":"Yield (engineering); Moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer; Environmental science; Productivity; Climatology; Physical geography; Statistics; Mathematics; Geography; Satellite; Geology; Economics","authors":[{"name":"Matthew C. Reeves","is_ca":false},{"name":"Maosheng Zhao","is_ca":false},{"name":"S. W. Running","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02342179229089441,"gpt":0.266000275147829,"spread":0.2425784828569346,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003071567,0.0001104966,0.0001858722,0.00006702796,0.0000520244,0.00004769291,0.0001722316,0.00006441828,0.00001846836],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004201573,0.00008771837,0.00009615126,0.00006841517,0.00008511668,0.0002779547,0.00006285329,0.0001488236,0.00000399302],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001402432,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001197325,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007242937,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006337895,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988136,0.00002250862,0.0004259988,0.0001312773,0.000471752,0.0001348774],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990487,0.0002040118,0.0004337737,0.00007913599,0.0001634127,0.00007095086],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000566173,0.00001645733,0.0001737137,0.000007365399,0.00005045645,0.00001938794,0.0006240174,0.02237322,0.08901757,0.000008331099,0.001095232,0.8865576],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009545024,0.0001375646,0.00538084,0.0007687035,0.00006520986,0.002809585,0.0002333671,0.8670288,0.115241,0.001302464,0.005809407,0.0002685392],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8269175,0.00003974613,0.1689719,0.00211942,0.0006677326,0.00007731684,0.000002624075,0.000008076537,0.001195628],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5742393,0.000009287053,0.4251874,0.0001247609,0.000359784,3.177291e-9,6.793414e-7,0.000007652904,0.00007115937],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8862891,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3577051,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2166808775","doi":"10.1080/01431160110070753","title":"Providing crop information using RADARSAT-1 and satellite optical imagery","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","topic":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":107,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Remote sensing; Environmental science; Backscatter (email); Satellite imagery; Crop; Satellite; Radar; Geography; Computer science; Forestry","authors":[{"name":"Heather McNairn","is_ca":false},{"name":"James Ellis","is_ca":false},{"name":"J.J. van der Sanden","is_ca":false},{"name":"T. Hirose","is_ca":false},{"name":"R.J. Brown","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01340035900164779,"gpt":0.2284540665426503,"spread":0.2150537075410025,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003012666,0.0001329531,0.0001564495,0.0001156223,0.00008393964,0.0002332039,0.0001528468,0.00007338177,0.00005192292],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002392733,0.0001071498,0.00007993141,0.000126154,0.0001290554,0.001179466,0.0001189354,0.0002674006,0.00004614876],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000315383,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000848164,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007870133,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005534912,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984764,0.00004378596,0.0004816788,0.00011283,0.0007080092,0.0001772864],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992025,0.00006365413,0.0004027956,0.00008341372,0.0001398016,0.0001078422],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002598313,0.000009343107,0.0002905161,0.000004075511,0.00003740178,0.000176166,0.0006965566,0.001563542,0.0563639,0.00000685911,0.0003785176,0.9404472],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001650295,0.0001337854,0.01190361,0.0006948681,0.0001095035,0.02891727,0.0006056008,0.8263232,0.03601704,0.0009261873,0.09202326,0.0006953678],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.948387,0.0001344505,0.04209574,0.001556681,0.0009403906,0.00007822443,9.181919e-7,0.00001945832,0.006787131],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6859074,0.0001578186,0.3132271,0.0003418855,0.0002932313,6.613265e-10,0.000001097262,0.000009612996,0.00006192097],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9397517,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4369441,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2108094322","doi":"10.1080/01431161.2014.960614","title":"The Jeffries–Matusita distance for the case of complex Wishart distribution as a separability criterion for fully polarimetric SAR data","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","topic":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":106,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary; Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Space Agency; ArcticNet","keywords":"Wishart distribution; Polarimetry; Pattern recognition (psychology); Artificial intelligence; Synthetic aperture radar; Covariance matrix; Inverse-Wishart distribution; Covariance; Computer science; Selection (genetic algorithm); Mathematics; Algorithm; Statistics; Machine learning; Multivariate statistics; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Mohammed Dabboor","is_ca":true},{"name":"Stephen Howell","is_ca":true},{"name":"Mohamed Shokr","is_ca":true},{"name":"John Yackel","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02704762639357829,"gpt":0.3157515846951136,"spread":0.2887039583015353,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009705105,0.0001003479,0.000155674,0.00004831557,0.0001711893,0.0000845777,0.0004519578,0.00004521366,0.000002802066],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001037606,0.00006554254,0.0001085392,0.0001044384,0.00009081342,0.0001488768,0.00005785475,0.0001192096,3.415518e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001097018,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002820194,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001351434,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004449468,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991058,0.0000308178,0.0004375298,0.0001116014,0.0001936146,0.0001206171],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9973009,0.001397306,0.0002451302,0.0003838907,0.0006397205,0.00003303974],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008225883,0.00001033506,0.000004798651,0.00001781157,0.0001032016,0.000004406319,0.00003983726,0.00003170208,0.000891874,0.001917718,0.002220243,0.9946758],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001799607,0.00003640504,0.0001337929,0.00005168457,0.00004302683,0.0009178821,0.00006313814,0.4222468,0.002006113,0.00438981,0.569873,0.00005841886],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.01081392,0.0004379413,0.9854191,0.002209719,0.0003714086,0.0002564604,0.0003631249,0.0000251968,0.0001031508],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7384117,0.00006601711,0.2611428,0.00004658334,0.0002467013,1.005496e-7,0.00006678377,0.00001279856,0.000006514346],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9946174,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2672747,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2056254247","doi":"10.1080/01431160210154056","title":"Monitoring secondary tropical forests using space-borne data: Implications for Central America","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","topic":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":106,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Synthetic aperture radar; Remote sensing; Carbon sequestration; Environmental science; Carbon sink; Amazon rainforest; Biomass (ecology); Radar; Stratification (seeds); Geography; Climate change; Ecology; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"K. L. Castro","is_ca":true},{"name":"Arturo Sánchez‐Azofeifa","is_ca":true},{"name":"Benoît Rivard","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0368091106949423,"gpt":0.3179247856784023,"spread":0.28111567498346,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001659219,0.0001342275,0.0001817727,0.00008719691,0.0001616218,0.0001002342,0.0004236623,0.00005814966,0.00002526709],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003009166,0.0001293578,0.0001176452,0.000155393,0.0001163636,0.0003296652,0.000101186,0.0002261527,0.000008970704],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003469619,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009340564,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001349217,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003415852,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986395,0.00005523782,0.0004445404,0.0002547185,0.000331197,0.0002747564],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988351,0.0001344362,0.0003920557,0.0003450916,0.0001391326,0.000154135],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006552514,0.00006307513,0.008626108,0.000004937755,0.0001578992,0.00002642197,0.0003221155,0.006131266,0.06463291,0.0001965213,0.001524194,0.918249],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00301017,0.0001943315,0.3716228,0.0003885054,0.0002946846,0.005763386,0.0007357429,0.204114,0.02763747,0.01598408,0.3693277,0.0009271625],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3368586,0.00007284763,0.6583425,0.00194428,0.001032391,0.0001293688,0.00002018674,0.00001664523,0.001583139],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6377937,0.00003256135,0.3616025,0.00006828524,0.0004424886,1.619931e-8,0.000006561341,0.00001702219,0.00003686513],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9173219,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5275058,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2158848000","doi":"10.1080/01431160512331314029","title":"A practical approach for estimating the red edge position of plant leaf reflectance","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","topic":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":98,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary; University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Red edge; Herbaceous plant; Remote sensing; Reflectivity; Inversion (geology); Vegetation (pathology); Environmental science; Chlorophyll; Wavelength; Spectral line; Position (finance); Mathematics; Botany; Hyperspectral imaging; Geology; Optics; Biology; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Gladimir V. G. Baranoski","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jon Rokne","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0237190866835556,"gpt":0.2995959007938599,"spread":0.2758768141103043,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000586191,0.0001047417,0.0001559813,0.00004360433,0.00008219793,0.00004925405,0.0002187168,0.00006180997,0.000008990776],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004850279,0.00006744525,0.0001254978,0.00009883776,0.0000984986,0.0002551231,0.00005754294,0.0002541959,0.000003809768],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000286014,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002513838,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000022886,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001737414,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985609,0.0000715134,0.000461936,0.0001362529,0.0006257563,0.0001436276],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987748,0.00020191,0.0006913512,0.0001104639,0.0001751692,0.00004634118],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006167355,0.0001121708,0.00004035615,0.00001475174,0.0001821808,0.00007065107,0.001453644,0.09995594,0.3600947,0.00008783488,0.02078045,0.5165905],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005164795,0.00008053353,0.0003950433,0.0001597669,0.00004117358,0.005318935,0.0001245318,0.9680399,0.01863335,0.0005759366,0.00600489,0.0001094603],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.1244966,0.00002309994,0.8591127,0.01119001,0.0006508498,0.0001827105,0.00000501976,0.00001203456,0.004326998],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.3730011,0.000004706289,0.6261628,0.0002058385,0.0005688929,9.805724e-9,0.000004338338,0.000007444453,0.00004487802],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.868084,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2750338,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2031860171","doi":"10.1080/01431160410001716923","title":"Mapping insect‐induced tree defoliation and mortality using coarse spatial resolution satellite imagery","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","topic":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":93,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Vegetation (pathology); Satellite imagery; Environmental science; Remote sensing; Spatial ecology; Satellite; Aerial imagery; Physical geography; Normalized Difference Vegetation Index; Geography; Ecology; Biology; Climate change","authors":[{"name":"Robert Fraser","is_ca":true},{"name":"R. Latifovic","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03548617583448088,"gpt":0.285096584132763,"spread":0.2496104082982821,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005429274,0.0001313071,0.0001647696,0.0001601576,0.0001282361,0.0001022018,0.0001304423,0.00007312142,0.00001961759],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001166418,0.0001300698,0.00009147073,0.0001433652,0.00009200272,0.0003882553,0.00008067694,0.0002218502,0.0000184661],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000459985,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003421965,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001593825,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005789579,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984431,0.0000874863,0.0005256088,0.0001945306,0.0005757594,0.0001734695],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990774,0.00005648788,0.000500788,0.0001374548,0.0001272425,0.0001005638],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002804043,0.00001480247,0.0009358308,0.000001554011,0.00003657952,0.00002580009,0.0005323655,0.001899592,0.2034392,0.000003886728,0.00002968914,0.7930527],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008170873,0.00004122,0.11092,0.0001754756,0.00005517095,0.001718353,0.0002439189,0.8582232,0.01965472,0.00104703,0.00681528,0.0002885186],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8564863,0.00004820131,0.1406583,0.0007158731,0.0003607215,0.0000654055,0.000001360159,0.00001563001,0.001648173],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8763529,0.00006276056,0.122747,0.0001801153,0.000617001,5.573627e-9,0.000003366029,0.00001327949,0.00002363834],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8563236,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5304091,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1968601348","doi":"10.1080/01431160903380565","title":"LiDAR mapping of canopy gaps in continuous cover forests: A comparison of canopy height model and point cloud based techniques","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","topic":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":92,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Environment Research Council; Bangor University","keywords":"Lidar; Canopy; Point cloud; Remote sensing; Environmental science; Understory; Tree canopy; Cloud cover; Meteorology; Computer science; Cloud computing; Geography","authors":[{"name":"Rachel Gaulton","is_ca":true},{"name":"Tim Malthus","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01075100997314413,"gpt":0.269214789483628,"spread":0.2584637795104838,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004675056,0.00012011,0.0003084657,0.0002123362,0.00003294464,0.00002606934,0.0002002675,0.00008510119,0.00002053385],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001567126,0.0001110928,0.00008446093,0.0001389246,0.000205752,0.0001215845,0.00006986279,0.0003380624,0.000001613464],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000127329,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008024,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001020529,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001154517,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985084,0.00004141238,0.0006851512,0.0001487132,0.0004768294,0.0001394809],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998818,0.0001035446,0.0006727356,0.0001537952,0.0001654558,0.00008649458],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001425467,0.0001011094,0.01632718,0.00001546335,0.00004244204,0.00003366761,0.001380357,0.007847239,0.8260782,0.00007963109,0.0004687133,0.1474835],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008873289,0.0001027422,0.01120823,0.0005193448,0.00002636184,0.0003210387,0.00024694,0.6699807,0.3089028,0.002815561,0.004771948,0.0002169738],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9376608,0.0000286255,0.05896534,0.0007074837,0.0001839687,0.00009970737,0.00000644621,0.000008334924,0.002339358],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8361672,0.00001051185,0.1636326,0.00008168254,0.00006632322,1.596902e-8,0.000001933102,0.00001141634,0.00002836294],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6621335,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4530234,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2047152380","doi":"10.1080/01431160500406888","title":"Assessment of land‐cover changes related to shrimp aquaculture using remote sensing data: a case study in the Giao Thuy District, Vietnam","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","topic":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","field":"Engineering","cited_by":91,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Mangrove; Deforestation (computer science); Reforestation; Aquaculture; Shrimp; Land cover; Feature (linguistics); Shrimp farming; Wetland; Environmental science; Remote sensing; Land use; Geography; Environmental resource management; Ecology; Agroforestry; Computer science; Fishery; Biology","authors":[{"name":"Martin Béland","is_ca":true},{"name":"Kalifa Goı̈ta","is_ca":true},{"name":"F. Bonn","is_ca":true},{"name":"Thi-Thanh-Hiên Pham","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03734489949515291,"gpt":0.3302010912201152,"spread":0.2928561917249623,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001237332,0.0002566389,0.0003932698,0.0004913831,0.00007739244,0.0001981632,0.0004342498,0.0001065148,0.000002172608],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000215097,0.0002045504,0.00009463893,0.000545894,0.00004210533,0.0003332714,0.0001145483,0.0005790187,0.00000203063],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000487825,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007846392,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00145758,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001124036,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9973642,0.0002338677,0.0009548745,0.0002676842,0.0009238513,0.0002554783],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981315,0.0002013788,0.0005102854,0.0005081638,0.000588075,0.00006065262],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001060126,0.0001873609,0.001488693,0.00007178355,0.0006705431,0.02673551,0.004884198,0.2875176,0.15463,0.0000102177,0.0008464094,0.5228516],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000903064,0.00007164162,0.007073566,0.0004933718,0.0001134492,0.01977397,0.001688089,0.9680937,0.0007720395,0.00008618425,0.000703457,0.0002274902],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8548006,0.0001064019,0.1427495,0.0006456297,0.0008953673,0.0002856856,0.00001584173,0.00003268264,0.0004682174],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9019068,0.00002240907,0.09757297,0.00006057477,0.0003539077,5.348692e-9,0.00002258737,0.00004189329,0.00001877369],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6805761,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8341324,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2127211078","doi":"10.1080/01431160050144965","title":"Satellite-based mapping of Canadian boreal forest fires: Evaluation and comparison of algorithms","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":90,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Canadian Forest Service; Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Taiga; Remote sensing; Normalized Difference Vegetation Index; Boreal; Satellite; Environmental science; Compositing; Vegetation (pathology); Meteorology; Algorithm; Sampling (signal processing); Land cover; Pixel; Boreal ecosystem; Physical geography; Geography; Computer science; Forestry; Geology; Land use; Climate change","authors":[{"name":"Zhanqing Li","is_ca":false},{"name":"S. Nadon","is_ca":true},{"name":"J. Cihlar","is_ca":false},{"name":"B. J. Stocks","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0215647276150262,"gpt":0.2763516655805064,"spread":0.2547869379654802,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007749528,0.00008187533,0.0001979561,0.0002997224,0.00002908366,0.00002080939,0.000143182,0.00004738125,0.00008997542],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001136756,0.00007777207,0.00006039583,0.0001773299,0.00008124232,0.0001383273,0.00001371179,0.000102307,0.000005397728],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002943777,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000746513,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.111155,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.07698551,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984346,0.00009659923,0.0005152996,0.00009805197,0.0007373476,0.0001181241],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999136,0.0001158222,0.0004178758,0.00008054123,0.0001501104,0.00009969119],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003779097,0.0000134668,0.02542295,0.000008528495,0.00003407132,0.00001816809,0.0005956551,0.004609838,0.003187254,0.000001146873,0.00007244248,0.9659987],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006043646,0.00008990346,0.2119272,0.0003500502,0.0000218031,0.0001134137,0.00009180261,0.7778634,0.005216626,0.0001389962,0.003504188,0.00007822052],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9931991,0.0001445852,0.001514024,0.0003818347,0.0002627464,0.0001045127,0.000004561753,0.000002608277,0.004386097],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9817007,0.00003217533,0.01812527,0.00004227604,0.00007406522,1.568026e-8,0.000005505655,0.000007960341,0.00001204849],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9659204,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9398571,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2146831490","doi":"10.1080/01431161.2013.810825","title":"A hybrid pansharpening approach and multiscale object-based image analysis for mapping diseased pine and oak trees","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","topic":"Advanced Image Fusion Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":89,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of British Columbia","keywords":"Oversampling; Computer science; Artificial intelligence; Smoothing; Remote sensing; Multispectral image; Tree (set theory); Pattern recognition (psychology); Cartography; Computer vision; Geography; Mathematics","authors":[{"name":"Brian Alan Johnson","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ryutaro Tateishi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Nguyen Thanh Hoan","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009457026919022348,"gpt":0.2408782023514417,"spread":0.2314211754324193,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000156352,0.0001462074,0.0002695003,0.0005082327,0.00004979973,0.0001522347,0.0001069131,0.00002980105,0.000009177268],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000157577,0.0001373217,0.0001335688,0.0001134079,0.00004982699,0.0003682623,0.0000334217,0.0001415023,4.532007e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006709233,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001239424,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003741225,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003748708,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990807,0.00002120875,0.000378955,0.0001397714,0.0002314812,0.0001479505],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999125,0.0001405262,0.0001736133,0.00008574204,0.0003736206,0.0001015211],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005957131,0.0000199503,0.0004647392,0.00006983378,0.0007428002,0.00006734976,0.0002400451,0.008217247,0.3506933,0.0000027651,0.0003060632,0.6391164],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007101015,0.0000218426,0.003143349,0.0001535714,0.0001011006,0.0001342262,0.0001261433,0.9639486,0.03074349,0.000327506,0.0004374595,0.0001526028],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.2304827,0.0003071136,0.7687216,0.0001580235,0.00007404767,0.0001195223,0.00001461477,0.00006044412,0.00006193674],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.4894124,0.00003998299,0.5103909,0.00003775145,0.00007971682,2.101722e-7,0.000009787837,0.00001703163,0.00001224201],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9557313,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5599816,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1970500457","doi":"10.1080/0143116031000115274","title":"Analysis of Temperature Emissivity Separation (TES) algorithm applicability and sensitivity","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","topic":"Urban Heat Island Mitigation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":86,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory; Fonds Québécois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies; Defence Research and Development Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; U.S. Geological Survey; Johns Hopkins University; National Aeronautics and Space Administration","keywords":"Emissivity; Hyperspectral imaging; Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer; Remote sensing; Radiometer; Broadband; Environmental science; Optics; Computer science; Algorithm; Geology; Physics; Digital elevation model","authors":[{"name":"Véronique Payan","is_ca":true},{"name":"Alain Royer","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006741275358777904,"gpt":0.2592648817015378,"spread":0.2525236063427599,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008276583,0.00008652369,0.0002131552,0.0001253247,0.00003907388,0.00002965657,0.00004462383,0.00006242735,0.00004887715],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002393264,0.00007716195,0.0001124265,0.0002763317,0.00009280736,0.0002123056,0.00002946649,0.0001459307,0.000001906708],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001536751,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001986062,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001507281,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001136107,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988131,0.0001579442,0.0003363693,0.0001448049,0.0004611923,0.0000865883],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992398,0.0001300513,0.000309693,0.00009972218,0.0001530083,0.00006772584],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006314008,0.00007998435,0.04958285,0.000006200479,0.0007395461,0.0001150642,0.0008549727,0.005844614,0.3969298,0.00003076729,0.0001974702,0.5455556],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001118025,0.0001187501,0.4191042,0.0000889302,0.0008229805,0.00149891,0.0002487692,0.381646,0.1896639,0.002436417,0.002876953,0.000376154],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9230061,0.0000232917,0.07603744,0.0001466063,0.0001431741,0.00005003015,0.000007894807,0.000004388955,0.0005811463],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9578771,0.00001676307,0.041955,0.00006358986,0.00004796297,9.63363e-9,0.000004650086,0.000004424779,0.0000304946],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5451794,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3146573,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1990064929","doi":"10.1080/01431160210144697","title":"Comparative analysis of daytime fire detection algorithms using AVHRR data for the 1995 fire season in Canada: Perspective for MODIS","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":78,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Environmental science; Algorithm; Pixel; Remote sensing; Boreal; Taiga; Daytime; Meteorology; Geography; Computer science; Forestry; Atmospheric sciences; Geology; Artificial intelligence","authors":[{"name":"Charles Ichoku","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yoram J. Kaufman","is_ca":false},{"name":"Louis Giglio","is_ca":false},{"name":"Zhanqing Li","is_ca":true},{"name":"Robert Fraser","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jizhong Jin","is_ca":true},{"name":"W. M. Park","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.035035558611187,"gpt":0.3019702400989779,"spread":0.2669346814877909,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007833561,0.0001154883,0.0003264537,0.0001024122,0.00008441003,0.00003161786,0.0003680433,0.00003454167,0.0000154973],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004410054,0.00009204251,0.0001309543,0.0003510841,0.00004915381,0.0002770503,0.00006075119,0.0001300336,4.123977e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002456799,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001986483,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.5294097,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.6142201,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985849,0.000113291,0.0004232134,0.0002048545,0.0005174902,0.000156219],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982922,0.0006509596,0.0005829993,0.0002059389,0.0002221606,0.00004575631],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005593671,0.00008759944,0.002889643,0.00002155325,0.004221842,0.00006473925,0.002933181,0.6106777,0.01798671,0.00002236387,0.0005838322,0.3599515],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004508329,0.00004041245,0.003583724,0.00006431891,0.0002749438,0.00007979041,0.001455853,0.9899081,0.003414117,0.00007065494,0.0005671685,0.00009008736],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8108366,0.0001862795,0.187466,0.0002701693,0.0006978062,0.0003178407,0.000136336,0.000002377465,0.00008658024],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9794542,0.000009526703,0.02038867,0.0000369444,0.00008209149,1.174059e-7,0.000009073726,0.000008654046,0.00001068714],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3792304,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6424444,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2738076904","doi":"10.1080/01431161.2017.1356488","title":"A comparative assessment of multi-temporal Landsat 8 and machine learning algorithms for estimating aboveground carbon stock in coppice oak forests","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","topic":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":75,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Tarbiat Modares University; Universidade de São Paulo; University of British Columbia","keywords":"Random forest; Support vector machine; Remote sensing; Environmental science; Understory; Multispectral image; Multivariate adaptive regression splines; Carbon stock; Biomass (ecology); Computer science; Climate change; Regression analysis; Machine learning; Bayesian multivariate linear regression; Canopy; Ecology; Geography","authors":[{"name":"Amir Safari","is_ca":false},{"name":"Hormoz Sohrabi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Scott Powell","is_ca":false},{"name":"Shaban Shataee","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04740792611913073,"gpt":0.3532038238105832,"spread":0.3057958976914524,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006009049,0.0001433856,0.0003234723,0.00008303524,0.0001238741,0.0001236133,0.0002391097,0.00006848283,0.000002640483],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002857847,0.0001154555,0.00007219466,0.00004098316,0.0001324165,0.0002566207,0.0001452907,0.0003576652,3.26799e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002584702,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002552897,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002286847,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002541058,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986518,0.00007308352,0.000467157,0.0001724319,0.0004812193,0.0001543005],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99841,0.0001668252,0.001097638,0.0001060138,0.0001554501,0.00006402419],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000286087,0.0001367563,0.3611317,0.00004549759,0.0002863676,0.0003560578,0.00397574,0.06826356,0.05410058,0.000009864382,0.00007288265,0.5113349],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001141545,0.00009004917,0.2297854,0.0002749336,0.00001455347,0.0002987452,0.0001267407,0.7671487,0.0007261694,0.0001160725,0.0001829084,0.00009428415],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8969691,0.0000372317,0.1014349,0.0004391646,0.0005176555,0.0001550094,0.000004325609,0.000005231354,0.0004373019],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.605785,0.000005808269,0.3940533,0.00001443617,0.00009590635,1.355041e-8,0.000003514765,0.000006695862,0.0000352991],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6988851,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4708138,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2030909241","doi":"10.1080/01431160902825016","title":"Global long-term monitoring of the ozone layer – a prerequisite for predictions","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","topic":"Atmospheric Ozone and Climate","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":72,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"SCIAMACHY; Environmental science; Ozone layer; Satellite; Ozone; Montreal Protocol; Meteorology; Term (time); Atmospheric sciences; Climatology; Geography; Troposphere; Geology","authors":[{"name":"Diego Loyola","is_ca":false},{"name":"R. M. Coldewey-Egbers","is_ca":false},{"name":"M. Dameris","is_ca":false},{"name":"Hella Garny","is_ca":false},{"name":"Andrea Stenke","is_ca":false},{"name":"Michel Van Roozendaël","is_ca":false},{"name":"Christophe Lerot","is_ca":false},{"name":"Dimitris Balis","is_ca":false},{"name":"Maria-Elissavet Koukouli","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0200232165860954,"gpt":0.2811263893622279,"spread":0.2611031727761325,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001629807,0.00006803661,0.0001145551,0.00001559083,0.00006448516,0.00004063658,0.0002186276,0.00003410462,0.00002819389],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006331329,0.00004640287,0.0001451989,0.00009725225,0.00002863178,0.0001721883,0.000008220648,0.0000787954,0.000001797498],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001922729,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005018886,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007938146,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000624926,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991176,0.00002210033,0.000309866,0.00006948502,0.0003654021,0.000115588],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991894,0.00005036158,0.0003341284,0.000075228,0.0003047571,0.00004606475],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001719445,0.00001409632,0.3848753,0.000005297535,0.0001186648,0.0000312007,0.0001383506,0.006646458,0.0004697068,0.00001211015,0.00009424231,0.6074226],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003962283,0.0001316662,0.9838474,0.0002105585,0.00004194766,0.0004981735,0.00006547031,0.01272549,0.0006673904,0.00114522,0.0002134806,0.00005699064],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9590096,0.0002794868,0.03696438,0.0008066796,0.001856954,0.00006233661,0.00002271427,0.000006497678,0.0009913594],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9781787,0.00006224495,0.02093791,0.00009440827,0.0006716804,1.89627e-9,0.000001952152,0.000001573745,0.00005149419],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6073657,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1892254,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2134415173","doi":"10.1080/01431160110113971","title":"Evidential reasoning with Landsat TM, DEM and GIS data for landcover classification in support of grizzly bear habitat mapping","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":71,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Ursus; Habitat; Satellite imagery; Remote sensing; Cartography; Classifier (UML); Thematic Mapper; Grizzly Bears; Geography; Classification scheme; Computer science; Ecology; Artificial intelligence; Machine learning; Population","authors":[{"name":"Steven E. Franklin","is_ca":false},{"name":"Derek R. Peddle","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jeff A Dechka","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gordon Stenhouse","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04087773612842627,"gpt":0.2652109522293063,"spread":0.22433321610088,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004142265,0.00005523188,0.0001061031,0.00007921275,0.00003144482,0.00002378447,0.000156792,0.00004032502,0.00003890941],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001802682,0.00004827209,0.00002018501,0.0000636928,0.00005649779,0.0004503247,0.00005953039,0.00009149997,0.000003040728],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006604367,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000117047,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006733199,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003999237,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992688,0.00003137052,0.0002749616,0.0001185143,0.0002252338,0.00008113695],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994238,0.00009153335,0.0003109871,0.00009042553,0.00005628497,0.00002698342],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002850639,0.00003945746,0.8436502,0.00001225696,0.00009628259,0.00009174926,0.0008523804,0.0003248895,0.004464369,0.0000208593,0.004338872,0.1458236],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001171743,0.00009315617,0.9007424,0.0001880791,0.000028987,0.0006226146,0.0001901395,0.08922218,0.0001638133,0.0002580031,0.007223261,0.00009569885],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9740799,0.00002366624,0.02191673,0.003379758,0.0001700319,0.00006106691,0.000006685901,0.00000264401,0.0003595013],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9591098,0.00004594713,0.04041015,0.000257618,0.0000976816,2.847039e-8,0.00001307662,0.000005605167,0.00006008245],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1457279,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1968479,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2074234119","doi":"10.1080/01431160210144606","title":"Towards an automated ocean feature detection, extraction and classification scheme for SAR imagery","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","topic":"Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":67,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Canadian Space Agency; National Aeronautics and Space Administration","keywords":"Computer science; Synthetic aperture radar; Feature extraction; Artificial intelligence; Feature (linguistics); Remote sensing; Pattern recognition (psychology); Wavelet; Histogram; Computer vision; Geology; Image (mathematics)","authors":[{"name":"Shuying Wu","is_ca":false},{"name":"A. K. Liu","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01578557259746305,"gpt":0.2747427211017871,"spread":0.2589571485043241,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003590574,0.00008620373,0.0001041712,0.0000695397,0.0001029617,0.0001270053,0.00007895722,0.00006378372,0.00001550663],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002388086,0.00007261183,0.00005312279,0.0001215432,0.00004218425,0.0005716831,0.000001999402,0.0001323619,0.000001225596],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001114344,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007230621,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003922357,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000447289,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992725,0.00004223485,0.0002194289,0.0001176539,0.0002432283,0.0001049817],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989819,0.00006206352,0.0002913803,0.00004783811,0.0005376759,0.00007913429],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001551757,0.00001308875,0.005834104,0.00001466026,0.00008301122,0.00002936115,0.0001322337,0.0002655611,0.006160689,0.00001995498,0.0003989557,0.9868932],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009309488,0.0002792722,0.1095081,0.0001257075,0.00005386983,0.003385025,0.0009142703,0.8455708,0.009843207,0.00446023,0.02466333,0.0002652218],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8452463,0.0004741326,0.151694,0.000637194,0.00120192,0.00006608319,0.000007216502,0.00005451593,0.0006185962],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8258937,0.0001261549,0.1736054,0.0001043318,0.0002267129,1.382297e-9,0.00001037126,0.000003707445,0.00002965506],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.986628,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2961025,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2132099602","doi":"10.1080/01431160902755346","title":"The impact of imperfect ground reference data on the accuracy of land cover change estimation","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","topic":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":63,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Canadian Forest Service","keywords":"Change detection; Land cover; Ground truth; Reference data; Data set; Remote sensing; Computer science; Estimation; Cover (algebra); Set (abstract data type); Environmental science; Land use; Statistics; Data mining; Mathematics; Geography; Artificial intelligence; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"Giles M. Foody","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04958561424397102,"gpt":0.3291342431927547,"spread":0.2795486289487837,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007099502,0.0001101629,0.0001460858,0.00003956309,0.00007591173,0.00006856837,0.0006935802,0.00004591369,0.00002623428],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008933314,0.00005065329,0.00009617483,0.0001274576,0.000111695,0.0003663759,0.0001171901,0.000244002,0.00001189638],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001892527,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002555524,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008294184,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004295189,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985343,0.0001079867,0.0003867263,0.0001166027,0.0007349821,0.000119394],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980791,0.0005725842,0.0008342923,0.0003321783,0.000145726,0.00003609186],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002759769,0.00004518979,0.0005035364,0.000001960866,0.0001323748,0.00003485212,0.0005960848,0.01203805,0.0516827,0.00003400135,0.003021232,0.931634],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000824465,0.0007327056,0.5059716,0.0007454339,0.00006691812,0.00163443,0.0001187575,0.4731751,0.01022607,0.004265468,0.001990441,0.0002486646],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9937705,0.00004960602,0.001523099,0.002479469,0.0002612555,0.0001044321,0.00001069492,0.000003930971,0.001796961],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9956546,0.0001446357,0.003860018,0.0001315416,0.0001734288,2.349515e-9,0.000007319644,0.000005159151,0.00002334024],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9313854,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2065581,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2120429645","doi":"10.1080/01431160600821010","title":"Validation of chlorophyll fluorescence derived from MERIS on the west coast of Canada","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","topic":"Marine and coastal ecosystems","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":63,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada","funders":"University of Washington; Canadian Space Agency; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; University of British Columbia; Fisheries and Oceans Canada; San Francisco State University","keywords":"Radiance; Remote sensing; Environmental science; Chlorophyll a; Buoy; Satellite; Chlorophyll; Chlorophyll fluorescence; Absorption (acoustics); Fluorescence; Atmosphere (unit); Chemistry; Geology; Physics; Meteorology; Oceanography; Optics; Astronomy","authors":[{"name":"J.F.R. Gower","is_ca":true},{"name":"Stephanie King","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0109114118168851,"gpt":0.2045965083093395,"spread":0.1936850964924544,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003990795,0.000062891,0.0001311961,0.00006863479,0.00003140661,0.00001707556,0.0002036863,0.00002085688,0.0001553581],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001529479,0.00004270272,0.00005261316,0.00007182408,0.00002998558,0.00007284083,0.00001128756,0.0001076398,0.000001649973],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001515023,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001611543,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.5078731,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.5030568,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998777,0.00004114491,0.0004179091,0.00006050967,0.0006147638,0.00008871467],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986348,0.0003198368,0.0005475694,0.00007245877,0.0003784581,0.00004688235],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006186677,0.000015881,0.0249899,0.00001183005,0.0002193927,0.0002518187,0.0006382887,0.003923607,0.04249534,0.00002184754,0.0003347562,0.9264787],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007227823,0.0003065454,0.4086821,0.0006943202,0.00004138626,0.000327403,0.002367473,0.04224712,0.5415195,0.0007290026,0.002136977,0.0002253794],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9945008,0.00002754246,0.002224515,0.0004083758,0.0008891795,0.00002933887,0.00003124244,0.000001336719,0.0018877],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997768,0.00001473232,0.001865004,0.00009357932,0.0002314551,5.589185e-10,0.00001044108,0.000001885544,0.00001489027],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9262533,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5060111,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2099867025","doi":"10.1080/01431160701311291","title":"Improved topographic correction of forest image data using a 3‐D canopy reflectance model in multiple forward mode","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","topic":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":61,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Canadian Forest Service; University of Lethbridge","funders":"","keywords":"Terrain; Remote sensing; Canopy; Scale (ratio); Pixel; Bidirectional reflectance distribution function; Vegetation (pathology); Tree canopy; Geology; Reflectivity; Environmental science; Geography; Cartography; Physics; Optics","authors":[{"name":"Scott Soenen","is_ca":true},{"name":"Derek R. Peddle","is_ca":true},{"name":"Craig A. Coburn","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ronald J. Hall","is_ca":true},{"name":"F. G. HALL","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02956448803068986,"gpt":0.3160503694935734,"spread":0.2864858814628836,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007170461,0.0001141945,0.0001855381,0.0002502573,0.0000538782,0.00003004359,0.0003939244,0.00006538077,0.000003693171],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002377036,0.0001126179,0.00008010209,0.0003012137,0.000120246,0.0003832587,0.0001400059,0.0002508235,0.000001378964],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000327222,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005387831,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003274099,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008391804,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984857,0.0000298537,0.0006172031,0.0002114088,0.0004587358,0.0001970598],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988407,0.00009971626,0.0005424228,0.0002925025,0.0001523014,0.0000723073],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002093774,0.00003986207,0.001905835,0.000003080592,0.00003169312,0.00003517335,0.0003740976,0.1629765,0.6617299,0.000003410143,0.00007205603,0.172619],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004517799,0.00002212942,0.001714672,0.0001078649,0.00001585372,0.0002727156,0.0001123538,0.9782879,0.01808337,0.0006417179,0.0001906505,0.00009901806],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.543726,0.00001045883,0.4552279,0.00008264773,0.0003040606,0.00005286027,0.000003910908,0.000005194205,0.0005870015],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7508712,0.00001922328,0.2489369,0.00004349932,0.00008653256,3.427949e-9,0.000005773126,0.00001248578,0.00002443014],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8153114,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4949481,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2035179364","doi":"10.1080/01431161.2010.483485","title":"Evaluation of soil moisture derived from passive microwave remote sensing over agricultural sites in Canada using ground-based soil moisture monitoring networks","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","topic":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":61,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph; Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Environmental science; Water content; Remote sensing; Radiometer; Atmospheric sciences; Meteorology; Geology; Geography","authors":[{"name":"Catherine Champagne","is_ca":true},{"name":"Aaron Berg","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jon Belanger","is_ca":true},{"name":"Heather McNairn","is_ca":true},{"name":"Richard de Jeu","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01423069453544264,"gpt":0.2459295297590031,"spread":0.2316988352235604,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008185489,0.0003567991,0.0004711456,0.0001701716,0.0001405573,0.0001171104,0.0003173126,0.0002426646,0.00001621148],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004403798,0.0003048553,0.0002180112,0.0003141919,0.0001452071,0.0003347942,0.0001312407,0.001059869,0.000001288992],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003302578,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007048002,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.8062569,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9258513,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9957634,0.0002884467,0.0009290174,0.0003874461,0.002238671,0.0003930336],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9972706,0.0002762079,0.00122644,0.0002480811,0.0008185764,0.0001600277],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006522065,0.000008874912,0.004845784,0.000002886762,0.0001145212,0.0002173242,0.0003499377,0.1840556,0.5221096,1.096398e-7,0.00003592887,0.2881943],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001097071,0.00001591624,0.3444611,0.0005003038,0.0001751573,0.0003965495,0.0006657429,0.5807951,0.0712983,0.0002836183,0.00002402141,0.0002870558],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9841527,0.0001641687,0.01097147,0.0003510625,0.003745623,0.0001432323,0.000003584978,0.00001042518,0.0004576843],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.947507,0.00001730864,0.05085217,0.0001707882,0.001396061,4.071453e-9,0.00001632793,0.00003470308,0.000005656971],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4508112,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999403,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2523609223","doi":"10.1080/01431161.2016.1219425","title":"Updating residual stem volume estimates using ALS- and UAV-acquired stereo-photogrammetric point clouds","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","topic":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":59,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Point cloud; Forest inventory; Photogrammetry; Environmental science; Residual; Volume (thermodynamics); Remote sensing; Mean squared error; Laser scanning; Diameter at breast height; Lidar; Forest management; Forestry; Computer science; Mathematics; Statistics; Geography; Agroforestry; Computer vision; Algorithm","authors":[{"name":"Tristan R.H. Goodbody","is_ca":true},{"name":"Nicholas C. Coops","is_ca":true},{"name":"Piotr Tompalski","is_ca":true},{"name":"Shane Crawford","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ken J. K. Day","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02075346862352886,"gpt":0.2713253923537878,"spread":0.2505719237302589,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006175613,0.0001708681,0.0002279164,0.0002056016,0.0001358197,0.0001491288,0.0002376669,0.00007109912,0.00007104839],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002068639,0.0001279472,0.00009352354,0.0002247509,0.0001906611,0.0003434321,0.0001803968,0.0001147855,0.00003474237],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003195945,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003378752,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005433675,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003080821,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981837,0.00007829103,0.0005974714,0.0002435746,0.0006476417,0.0002493786],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987319,0.0002043229,0.0005875959,0.000176003,0.0001505681,0.0001496137],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005023736,0.00001448312,0.002580865,0.000003120819,0.00007071484,0.00008178467,0.0002646016,0.0002549762,0.1838429,0.00001100589,0.0003067916,0.8125185],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00722743,0.0007271027,0.08491886,0.0036267,0.000520959,0.03028959,0.003288802,0.6262963,0.1896945,0.011645,0.03938964,0.002375155],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.875311,0.00005870786,0.1217578,0.001472936,0.0004546167,0.00007335502,0.000004231048,0.00002403477,0.0008433664],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8337612,0.00003606788,0.1656344,0.000135865,0.0002826289,7.130486e-9,8.526342e-7,0.00002264639,0.0001263448],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8101434,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5217534,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2000299034","doi":"10.1080/01431160310001642296","title":"Contextual classification of Landsat TM images to forest inventory cover types","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","topic":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":58,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Smoothing; Random forest; Spatial contextual awareness; Pattern recognition (psychology); Pixel; Spatial analysis; Computer science; Classifier (UML); Statistics; Land cover; Remote sensing; Artificial intelligence; Mathematics; Geography","authors":[{"name":"Steen Magnussen","is_ca":true},{"name":"Paul Boudewyn","is_ca":true},{"name":"Michael A. Wulder","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01361122644622987,"gpt":0.2542831986349662,"spread":0.2406719721887364,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002406688,0.0001037033,0.000158784,0.00009592629,0.00003090151,0.00003858261,0.0002369043,0.00005869453,0.00003620137],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002443581,0.00008111296,0.0001001422,0.0001242455,0.00009335251,0.0002073573,0.00007507043,0.0001581259,0.0000978649],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003799516,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003082229,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002578808,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001562776,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986604,0.00003525646,0.000392184,0.0001270866,0.0006647086,0.0001202906],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991533,0.0000411966,0.000399709,0.0001047889,0.0002113139,0.00008974368],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002885136,0.00008714201,0.00537423,0.000008104445,0.000175141,0.0002866166,0.001857058,0.09950702,0.669193,0.0001093026,0.006509616,0.2166042],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006036137,0.0009185983,0.6142223,0.002091717,0.0002001292,0.00675923,0.001476743,0.0356894,0.2331804,0.01188473,0.08638088,0.001159668],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9664762,0.00002953923,0.02536042,0.002421433,0.0008025776,0.00007027484,0.000002853187,0.000009683037,0.004826994],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.965274,0.00001800249,0.03392676,0.0003078449,0.0002610573,3.316493e-9,0.000003040172,0.00001023333,0.0001990543],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6088482,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3307691,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2172113778","doi":"10.1080/01431160110113917","title":"A multivariate approach to vegetation mapping of Manitoba's Hudson Bay Lowlands","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","topic":"Rangeland and Wildlife Management","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":58,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Churchill Northern Studies Centre; National Park Service; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Fisheries and Oceans Canada; Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior; Parks Canada","keywords":"Vegetation (pathology); Vegetation classification; Bay; Remote sensing; Geography; Physical geography; Principal component analysis; Multivariate statistics; Cartography; Environmental science; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Ryan K. Brook","is_ca":false},{"name":"N. C. Kenkel","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02332417593305457,"gpt":0.2336245271153178,"spread":0.2103003511822632,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002617989,0.00007831241,0.0001239343,0.0001373796,0.0000293125,0.00003346721,0.000186206,0.00002570225,0.00003384933],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000506046,0.00006634489,0.00007720711,0.0001182145,0.00002279903,0.0001471368,0.00007418933,0.00008894326,0.00004081239],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000116166,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002191893,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001377734,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001915543,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989089,0.00003366158,0.0003267332,0.0001061944,0.0005187654,0.0001057783],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995308,0.00002455009,0.0002576388,0.00007174966,0.00005590598,0.00005933357],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006276668,0.0001281583,0.008640622,0.00001906596,0.0001647347,0.0001024275,0.003161878,0.02820046,0.01561158,0.00003479827,0.001916121,0.9419574],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00184342,0.0001473233,0.135084,0.0005674181,0.00004785429,0.0004256553,0.0008471143,0.8313731,0.002265827,0.0006437306,0.02643776,0.0003167559],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7169321,0.00003412092,0.256688,0.0008392237,0.0005720943,0.00008001141,8.113391e-7,0.000007394198,0.02484623],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9023158,0.00001716629,0.09710841,0.0002381688,0.0001915769,1.543031e-8,8.485756e-7,0.000006990998,0.000120999],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9416406,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2705466,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1982719377","doi":"10.1080/01431161.2015.1029099","title":"A new method to generate a high-resolution global distribution map of lake chlorophyll","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","topic":"Marine and coastal ecosystems","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":54,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Windsor","funders":"European Space Agency; Michigan Technological University; U.S. Geological Survey; National Aeronautics and Space Administration","keywords":"Environmental science; Chlorophyll a; Remote sensing; Satellite; Satellite imagery; Range (aeronautics); Geology","authors":[{"name":"Michael J. Sayers","is_ca":false},{"name":"Amanda G. Grimm","is_ca":false},{"name":"Robert A. Shuchman","is_ca":false},{"name":"Andrew M. Deines","is_ca":false},{"name":"David B. Bunnell","is_ca":false},{"name":"Zachary B. Raymer","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mark W. Rogers","is_ca":false},{"name":"Whitney M. Woelmer","is_ca":false},{"name":"David H. Bennion","is_ca":false},{"name":"Colin Brooks","is_ca":false},{"name":"M. A. Whitley","is_ca":false},{"name":"David M. Warner","is_ca":false},{"name":"Justin G. Mychek‐Londer","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01846928080752369,"gpt":0.2652749105430059,"spread":0.2468056297354823,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005204859,0.00008345845,0.0001739519,0.00007175626,0.00002040695,0.00005745415,0.0001745116,0.0000391502,0.00007474292],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009224712,0.00007015085,0.00007788542,0.0001243789,0.000009241709,0.0001647555,0.0000250188,0.0000822097,0.0000383823],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003753238,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001868473,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01009928,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008812151,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987322,0.00008279251,0.0003951562,0.00009688177,0.0005694056,0.0001235665],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987608,0.00002879447,0.0003217606,0.00006524679,0.0006106103,0.0002127791],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003723647,0.000005338123,0.001633869,0.000004812502,0.00007053391,0.0001067069,0.0000677169,0.02045861,0.0002048817,0.0000765598,0.004655439,0.9723431],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003329948,0.001359332,0.0508255,0.0005254466,0.000121067,0.004159803,0.0003949453,0.5783777,0.005031426,0.01668111,0.3386299,0.0005638593],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2089521,0.00009350438,0.7859924,0.001653351,0.002219092,0.00005202622,0.0001636452,0.000007500535,0.0008664347],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8218437,0.000004583858,0.1767572,0.0001212985,0.001013542,1.676382e-9,0.00009217401,0.000002113104,0.0001653628],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9717793,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9964926,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1985338631","doi":"10.1080/01431160410001726030","title":"DSM generation and evaluation from QuickBird stereo imagery with 3D physical modelling","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","topic":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":54,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada","funders":"Natural Resources Canada","keywords":"Digital elevation model; Photogrammetry; Elevation (ballistics); Remote sensing; Lidar; Terrain; Land cover; Digital surface; Scale (ratio); Data set; Computer science; Geology; Geography; Artificial intelligence; Cartography; Land use; Mathematics","authors":[{"name":"Thierry Toutin","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02428163696854597,"gpt":0.2731325074385308,"spread":0.2488508704699848,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002782317,0.0001065069,0.0001264223,0.00006526901,0.00008370951,0.0001068457,0.00009630842,0.00003514939,0.00001332522],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002602457,0.00008830582,0.00004569101,0.00007913896,0.00008732673,0.0003105525,0.00003714876,0.0001622549,0.00001806468],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002781436,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004328136,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008354132,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009990147,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986508,0.00004722655,0.0002504706,0.0001801454,0.0007672859,0.0001041018],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993392,0.00004102413,0.0002686261,0.0001094952,0.0001703113,0.00007134683],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000484344,0.00002775573,0.00005704741,6.851992e-7,0.00005419914,0.00003038389,0.001174791,0.3546152,0.07187078,0.00001270408,0.0000356309,0.5720724],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008201972,0.00005107855,0.000821537,0.00008707886,0.00006260043,0.0003713678,0.0001040324,0.9827377,0.009932861,0.004473879,0.0004129247,0.0001247546],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6363122,0.00002117508,0.3622805,0.0006645728,0.0001401543,0.00005052108,0.000001151983,0.000007307294,0.0005224069],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7811539,0.00001875833,0.2181555,0.0001221236,0.0005209469,1.187871e-8,0.000006860652,0.00001153601,0.00001027725],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6281225,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3601007,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4233199126","doi":"10.1080/01431160120291","title":"Multitemporal monitoring of soil moisture with RADARSAT SAR during the 1997 Southern Great Plains hydrology experiment","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","topic":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":53,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Canadian Space Agency; University of Bath; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Hydrology (agriculture); Environmental science; Water content; Geology; Remote sensing","authors":[{"name":"A. J. Wickel","is_ca":false},{"name":"Thomas J. Jackson","is_ca":false},{"name":"E. F. Wood","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009195638982366883,"gpt":0.2365283651045597,"spread":0.2273327261221928,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002465062,0.0001828396,0.0002383899,0.00009369729,0.0001295078,0.00004039559,0.0003033905,0.00007920987,0.00001733716],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003363613,0.0001141983,0.0001392591,0.0001259502,0.0002221986,0.0001475538,0.0001137784,0.0003253866,0.000009958289],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002725725,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002228581,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002170206,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007024502,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982698,0.00007981987,0.0004422253,0.0001799,0.0008021793,0.000226096],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990444,0.00006916884,0.0005285897,0.000178564,0.00009961726,0.00007966328],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001854914,0.0001147821,0.2254644,0.00001413707,0.000775757,0.003969884,0.01548269,0.04768356,0.2128435,0.000003127364,0.0001510596,0.4916422],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01017506,0.0009208338,0.4151966,0.002102432,0.0003646327,0.04763191,0.01816817,0.04837234,0.4218191,0.0006234262,0.03310658,0.001518914],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9943989,0.0001660134,0.002126793,0.000782738,0.000775381,0.00006749075,0.000001194958,0.00001246829,0.001669026],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9814138,0.00005984928,0.01750199,0.00008106091,0.0006935085,3.151253e-9,0.000001094125,0.0000240296,0.0002246333],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4901233,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4656872,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2626876192","doi":"10.1080/01431161.2017.1339920","title":"Dynamic response of NDVI to soil moisture variations during different hydrological regimes in the Sahel region","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","topic":"Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":53,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Erasmus+; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; National Aeronautics and Space Administration","keywords":"Shrubland; Normalized Difference Vegetation Index; Environmental science; Deciduous; Vegetation (pathology); Grassland; Water content; Arid; Enhanced vegetation index; Climate change; Hydrology (agriculture); Physical geography; Geography; Ecosystem; Ecology; Vegetation Index; Geology","authors":[{"name":"Mohamed Ahmed","is_ca":true},{"name":"Brent Else","is_ca":true},{"name":"Lars Eklundh","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jonas Ardö","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jonathan Seaquist","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009881271481866304,"gpt":0.2453477900838221,"spread":0.2354665186019558,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004550327,0.00008229815,0.0001275925,0.0001071356,0.0001132011,0.00007479253,0.0004967389,0.0000543219,0.000007497637],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002854029,0.00005457383,0.00008111953,0.00004699054,0.00007053047,0.0001480576,0.0001085093,0.000209128,0.000003948171],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001929809,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001099373,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002026695,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003321503,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989111,0.0001245707,0.000318341,0.0001050705,0.0004337806,0.0001070876],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992064,0.0001041343,0.0004002627,0.0002105492,0.00003988637,0.00003879516],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.007777938,0.0005452577,0.1232879,0.00002068376,0.000433421,0.005216975,0.01558385,0.3867071,0.3174452,0.0008215574,0.0004385725,0.1417216],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005082438,0.00006751938,0.8807219,0.0001381056,0.00001713883,0.001334714,0.00008224812,0.1132089,0.0006083008,0.003012256,0.0002065876,0.00009412356],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9847405,0.000007682125,0.008552206,0.0054907,0.000248503,0.00005657263,0.000002937049,0.000003038318,0.0008978499],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.996586,0.00002284433,0.003001044,0.0001088655,0.00003935502,3.388214e-8,0.000001302749,0.000005020017,0.0002355353],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.757434,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2225456,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1996347147","doi":"10.1080/01431160701281023","title":"Canopy chlorophyll concentration estimation using hyperspectral and lidar data for a boreal mixedwood forest in northern Ontario, Canada","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","topic":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":53,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Ontario Forest Research Institute; Queen's University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Foundation for Climate and Atmospheric Sciences","keywords":"Hyperspectral imaging; Lidar; Environmental science; Canopy; Remote sensing; Chlorophyll; Chlorophyll a; Mean squared error; Mathematics; Geography; Botany; Biology; Statistics","authors":[{"name":"Valerie A. Thomas","is_ca":true},{"name":"Paul Treitz","is_ca":true},{"name":"J. H. McCaughey","is_ca":true},{"name":"Thomas L. Noland","is_ca":true},{"name":"L. Rich","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01378111963721008,"gpt":0.2479642830552785,"spread":0.2341831634180684,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004561545,0.0001262703,0.0001583549,0.00005225663,0.00006190538,0.00006996073,0.0002365442,0.00005941916,0.000003815795],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001706089,0.0001113658,0.00003201041,0.00009130574,0.0000583345,0.0003632346,0.00007776139,0.0001992236,3.949361e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002248187,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003101708,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.767963,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9950085,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985578,0.00002200459,0.0004437425,0.0002032564,0.0005548391,0.0002183795],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991947,0.00009061291,0.000363193,0.0001323444,0.0001262617,0.00009286946],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008616362,0.00007863862,0.2263298,0.00001685138,0.0002003043,0.001410123,0.003381385,0.06372716,0.07788949,0.00002377597,0.0006128402,0.625468],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001703182,0.00009951989,0.4586344,0.0002530599,0.00005760713,0.002866782,0.0004874381,0.5272412,0.00508416,0.0006446231,0.002594161,0.0003339178],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9530366,0.00002372802,0.04537743,0.0004487509,0.0006573522,0.0001255228,0.000007375382,0.000003910186,0.0003193215],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.82708,0.000003432737,0.1725675,0.00009184705,0.000202551,2.547041e-9,0.00003065413,0.000009699298,0.00001433241],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6251341,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5878932,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2003079203","doi":"10.1080/01431160152027665","title":"Multitemporal monitoring of soil moisture with RADARSAT SAR during the 1997 Southern Great Plains hydrology experiment","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","topic":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":53,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Canadian Space Agency; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Synthetic aperture radar; Water content; Environmental science; Remote sensing; Correlation coefficient; Moisture; Hydrology (agriculture); Soil science; Geology; Meteorology; Geography; Mathematics","authors":[{"name":"A. J. Wickel","is_ca":false},{"name":"Thomas J. Jackson","is_ca":false},{"name":"Eric F. Wood","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009195638982366883,"gpt":0.2365283651045597,"spread":0.2273327261221928,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002465062,0.0001828396,0.0002383899,0.00009369729,0.0001295078,0.00004039559,0.0003033905,0.00007920987,0.00001733716],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003363613,0.0001141983,0.0001392591,0.0001259502,0.0002221986,0.0001475538,0.0001137784,0.0003253866,0.000009958289],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002725725,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002228581,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002170206,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007024502,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982698,0.00007981987,0.0004422253,0.0001799,0.0008021793,0.000226096],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990444,0.00006916884,0.0005285897,0.000178564,0.00009961726,0.00007966328],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001854914,0.0001147821,0.2254644,0.00001413707,0.000775757,0.003969884,0.01548269,0.04768356,0.2128435,0.000003127364,0.0001510596,0.4916422],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01017506,0.0009208338,0.4151966,0.002102432,0.0003646327,0.04763191,0.01816817,0.04837234,0.4218191,0.0006234262,0.03310658,0.001518914],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9943989,0.0001660134,0.002126793,0.000782738,0.000775381,0.00006749075,0.000001194958,0.00001246829,0.001669026],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9814138,0.00005984928,0.01750199,0.00008106091,0.0006935085,3.151253e-9,0.000001094125,0.0000240296,0.0002246333],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4901233,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4656872,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3040364706","doi":"10.1080/01431161.2020.1754494","title":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) image processing for operational space-based agriculture mapping","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","topic":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":51,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Carleton University; Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","funders":"Canadian Space Agency","keywords":"Computer science; Synthetic aperture radar; Remote sensing; Filter (signal processing); Terrain; Speckle noise; Speckle pattern; Artificial intelligence; Computer vision; Geography; Cartography","authors":[{"name":"Laura Dingle Robertson","is_ca":true},{"name":"Andrew Davidson","is_ca":true},{"name":"Heather McNairn","is_ca":true},{"name":"Mehdi Hosseini","is_ca":true},{"name":"Scott Mitchell","is_ca":true},{"name":"Diego de Abelleyra","is_ca":false},{"name":"Santiago R. Verón","is_ca":false},{"name":"Michael H. Cosh","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01192523669955386,"gpt":0.230864138380482,"spread":0.2189389016809281,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002834235,0.0002468918,0.0002814218,0.00006770415,0.0001696031,0.0002648843,0.0004043491,0.0001308955,0.00006871954],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007622643,0.0001783924,0.0002541717,0.0002464572,0.0001122517,0.0004310305,0.00007977305,0.0003933332,0.00003754536],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003342408,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007584085,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002229782,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007712989,"domain_scores_codex":[0.997821,0.0000679524,0.0005383992,0.000319815,0.0009992396,0.0002535651],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985852,0.000160662,0.000543822,0.00009581218,0.0004202055,0.0001943218],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001903478,0.00003815303,0.00005748265,0.00003337346,0.00009647293,0.0002609763,0.001158422,0.009446491,0.7853832,0.00001247151,0.01732928,0.1859933],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002096153,0.0001865516,0.001142763,0.0008221837,0.00008676804,0.002023995,0.0007396161,0.5687848,0.05097179,0.0003961984,0.3720905,0.0006586919],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.05962376,0.000169768,0.8526669,0.08337732,0.0009358861,0.0003741669,0.00001957081,0.00006795806,0.002764734],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.3543072,0.00001114572,0.6396683,0.004654841,0.001197904,1.955767e-8,0.00002221812,0.00002960469,0.0001087476],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7344114,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7274629,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2091738548","doi":"10.1080/01431160701294653","title":"Estimating afternoon MODIS land surface temperatures (LST) based on morning MODIS overpass, location and elevation information","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","topic":"Urban Heat Island Mitigation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":51,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada; Canadian Forest Service; University of British Columbia","funders":"Canadian Space Agency","keywords":"Environmental science; Moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer; Morning; Elevation (ballistics); Land cover; Climatology; Meteorology; Daytime; Atmospheric sciences; Insolation; Satellite; Remote sensing; Geography; Land use; Geology","authors":[{"name":"Nicholas C. Coops","is_ca":true},{"name":"Dennis C. Duro","is_ca":true},{"name":"Michael A. Wulder","is_ca":true},{"name":"Tao Han","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.005631429169720589,"gpt":0.2298287362694661,"spread":0.2241973070997455,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007304393,0.000118956,0.0001109235,0.0001509703,0.00008738392,0.0001391562,0.00009558076,0.00006142107,0.00001779204],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003123124,0.0001092885,0.00003807241,0.0001371278,0.00004016059,0.0009091412,0.0000310257,0.0001970359,0.00001381045],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003707873,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002424332,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002324178,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005900358,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985604,0.0000384318,0.0004453576,0.0001108372,0.0007048533,0.0001400785],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991139,0.0001358419,0.0004185823,0.00007965566,0.0001816212,0.00007045525],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004387154,0.00003106946,0.02779519,0.00002355136,0.00004289086,0.0000534197,0.001350022,0.5635152,0.03063033,0.00002674552,0.0005075937,0.3755853],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006827384,0.00007493059,0.0594633,0.0002931178,0.00001493289,0.000145704,0.00006401364,0.9303378,0.008024921,0.000375283,0.0003936867,0.0001295629],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6760304,0.000009956746,0.3226226,0.000389388,0.0003483699,0.00006447904,0.000002169874,0.00001218807,0.0005204339],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9183019,0.000005297006,0.08113395,0.0003390979,0.0001754128,1.892115e-8,0.00002050709,0.000008860063,0.00001490098],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3754557,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4456657,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2033038277","doi":"10.1080/01431160600868474","title":"A semi‐automated approach for extracting buildings from QuickBird imagery applied to informal settlement mapping","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","topic":"Automated Road and Building Extraction","field":"Engineering","cited_by":49,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"","keywords":"Settlement (finance); Computer science; Remote sensing; Satellite; Ground truth; Software; Satellite imagery; Information extraction; High resolution; Extraction (chemistry); Image resolution; Artificial intelligence; Geology; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"Selassie Mayunga","is_ca":true},{"name":"David Coleman","is_ca":true},{"name":"Y. Zhang","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01268131899129865,"gpt":0.2616631676780507,"spread":0.248981848686752,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008343185,0.0001961904,0.0002584338,0.0005391463,0.00007978504,0.0001492673,0.0002143516,0.0001115675,0.000005347289],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001075991,0.0001980881,0.000137433,0.0001787953,0.00001381773,0.0003733539,0.00004181242,0.0003186377,0.000005395769],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003097141,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003103656,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003128993,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003251615,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981917,0.000008184679,0.0008183662,0.0001474787,0.0005054934,0.0003287451],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99886,0.0001857078,0.0003685835,0.00009442772,0.0003610791,0.0001302244],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001663591,0.00001678265,0.00003033464,0.00003036113,0.0003136243,0.0000528383,0.001247372,0.07771478,0.4612505,0.00001034651,0.001409698,0.457757],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009299117,0.00003069428,0.0009797714,0.000336987,0.00004122599,0.0005090547,0.001385991,0.8841469,0.09677134,0.00006945347,0.01448092,0.0003177678],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3563805,0.00003202837,0.640918,0.00006623942,0.001184837,0.0001180142,0.000009257406,0.0002894005,0.001001788],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6073524,0.000008299738,0.3915902,0.0001316764,0.000854094,7.890981e-8,0.00002249391,0.00003319436,0.000007621554],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8064321,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.80778,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2154464101","doi":"10.1080/01431160802275890","title":"The suitability of decadal image data sets for mapping tropical forest cover change in the Democratic Republic of Congo: implications for the global land survey","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","topic":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":49,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto; National Aeronautics and Space Administration","keywords":"Compositing; Thematic Mapper; Land cover; Remote sensing; Cloud cover; Pixel; Thematic map; Shadow (psychology); Tropics; Environmental science; Change detection; Geography; Physical geography; Satellite imagery; Cartography; Computer science; Land use; Cloud computing; Image (mathematics); Computer vision","authors":[{"name":"Erik Lindquist","is_ca":false},{"name":"Matthew C. Hansen","is_ca":false},{"name":"David P. Roy","is_ca":false},{"name":"C. O. Justice","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0883812866087391,"gpt":0.3409535497770719,"spread":0.2525722631683328,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001749305,0.0001039498,0.0001855948,0.00002466352,0.0001821864,0.00005205882,0.000989272,0.00005287674,0.000002282934],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002441936,0.00005137687,0.0001162124,0.0002047101,0.0003582189,0.0002494701,0.0001797277,0.0001538987,5.339335e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001809078,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005449996,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001183516,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005978834,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983671,0.0002079196,0.0006075808,0.000165921,0.0004731342,0.0001784025],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9962041,0.002405602,0.0006018592,0.0004101611,0.0003438399,0.00003437358],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004682633,0.0001303928,0.8740056,0.00002129973,0.0002447942,0.00001490886,0.001306704,0.0009557884,0.00301422,0.0001353912,0.006734794,0.1129678],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004526134,0.00004419934,0.9564908,0.00003743839,0.00001879287,0.0005678909,0.00008451025,0.03878469,0.00006348555,0.001737549,0.001663093,0.0000549045],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9393032,0.00008941544,0.05035595,0.009140597,0.0003294919,0.0005096982,0.0001690514,0.000003002927,0.00009957612],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9812172,0.00006784995,0.01836369,0.0001711454,0.0001385492,1.462751e-7,0.00002728257,0.000006237344,0.000007905713],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1129129,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3336329,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1989382930","doi":"10.1080/01431160310001592445","title":"On the potential of MODIS and MERIS for imaging chlorophyll fluorescence from space","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","topic":"Marine and coastal ecosystems","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":47,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Golder Associates (Canada)","funders":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada; Canadian Space Agency","keywords":"Imaging spectrometer; Radiance; Remote sensing; Moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer; Environmental science; Spectrometer; Zenith; Chlorophyll fluorescence; Solar zenith angle; Satellite; Optics; Physics; Fluorescence; Geology","authors":[{"name":"J.F.R. Gower","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gary A. Borstad","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007070344280444816,"gpt":0.2040825427534455,"spread":0.1970121984730007,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001680486,0.00005923211,0.0001008278,0.00005981774,0.0000433739,0.00005409955,0.0001326682,0.00001420103,0.00003094218],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008777742,0.00003893619,0.00006569876,0.00003121699,0.00003651003,0.0001032068,0.00001184349,0.00008155755,0.000001971287],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000006227971,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003284507,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004644542,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003647673,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993479,0.00001831176,0.0002052878,0.0000719485,0.0002820327,0.00007449018],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993795,0.0001255307,0.0002306789,0.00005077273,0.0001772569,0.00003622865],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003336889,0.000006916034,0.0007828786,0.000005963186,0.00008684432,0.0001007646,0.0002364216,0.007592497,0.00486912,0.0001840016,0.00008182002,0.9857191],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00227971,0.0003975162,0.030158,0.0008406769,0.00007822071,0.0011437,0.001257816,0.847963,0.01924182,0.09386563,0.002476022,0.0002978293],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9403331,0.0001321291,0.05458577,0.003549406,0.0007415907,0.0000513015,0.00003417649,0.00000263536,0.0005698569],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9887502,0.00004533723,0.01077387,0.000127792,0.0002851052,1.908944e-9,0.000004490202,0.000002112584,0.00001110618],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9854212,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7021189,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}