{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":102,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":102,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"query_hash":"f53ca650abed","filters":{"venue":"International Review of Financial Analysis"}},"results":[{"id":"W2793906868","doi":"10.1016/j.irfa.2018.03.004","title":"Portfolio diversification with virtual currency: Evidence from bitcoin","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Review of Financial Analysis","topic":"Market Dynamics and Volatility","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":637,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Diversification (marketing strategy); Portfolio; Economics; Volatility (finance); Financial market; Financial economics; Autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity; Spillover effect; Econometrics; Monetary economics; Business; Finance; Microeconomics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02792127679056621,"gpt":0.2660712764962354,"spread":0.2381499997056691,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006178129,0.0001126448,0.0004725193,0.0002702254,0.00004818415,0.00002067523,0.0003933894,0.00004314495,0.003751324],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00112064,0.0001070094,0.0002096859,0.001274159,0.0000951027,0.0002417519,0.00006255454,0.0000729688,0.00009885833],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007491849,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005847053,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001535769,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003319525,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986865,0.0000188022,0.0006934913,0.0003687872,0.0001260501,0.0001064044],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983447,0.00005866363,0.0007104087,0.0003318207,0.0005097991,0.00004463254],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004955388,0.00008838791,0.940917,0.0001004105,0.0004733077,0.000001692949,0.0000691964,0.00000389924,0.000005989611,0.03904735,0.001633144,0.01761003],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001770602,0.0001367326,0.9324534,0.001276864,0.0003232658,4.608555e-7,0.000004878176,0.02931983,0.0000233325,0.005497466,0.03054112,0.0002456097],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.784322,0.02963227,0.155616,0.002128035,0.001071581,0.0004528253,0.002008756,0.00003587507,0.02473267],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9828519,0.015128,0.001024052,0.000276372,0.0001586655,0.00001191007,0.0001698683,0.000005310887,0.0003739754],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1985298,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9971594,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3150005976","doi":"10.1016/j.irfa.2021.101754","title":"Asymmetric volatility spillover among Chinese sectors during COVID-19","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Review of Financial Analysis","topic":"Market Dynamics and Volatility","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":208,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Wilfrid Laurier University","funders":"Science Foundation Ireland","keywords":"Volatility (finance); Spillover effect; Economics; Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Financial economics; Volatility swap; Econometrics; Stock market; Monetary economics; Social connectedness; Portfolio; Stock (firearms); Implied volatility; Macroeconomics; Geography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01376884786683622,"gpt":0.2675180696776233,"spread":0.2537492218107871,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001085936,0.0001796666,0.0008866247,0.0005506971,0.00008142024,0.00003362774,0.0003513452,0.00008303887,0.004796521],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01086179,0.0001871856,0.0007438503,0.004199921,0.00005870316,0.0001940915,0.0001448978,0.0001529241,0.00002229218],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002740918,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001331189,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001025059,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006700946,"domain_scores_codex":[0.997875,0.0000475032,0.001205999,0.000526304,0.0001624718,0.0001826945],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981124,0.00009561747,0.0007595454,0.0004674181,0.000417526,0.000147485],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000101316,0.00009865072,0.9916309,0.0008351322,0.0004077538,0.00001104011,0.00002024091,0.00002844405,0.000002294862,0.006010974,0.0002457281,0.0006987479],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002014089,0.00000622978,0.9570094,0.0001086611,0.0001080891,0.000001552516,0.000001455638,0.02340596,0.000005607488,0.004340871,0.01463702,0.0001737411],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9428445,0.02771986,0.01051936,0.000793558,0.0005384141,0.0001815296,0.0008455105,0.00002109812,0.01653619],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9856624,0.01187467,0.0003276023,0.0006616031,0.0001014151,0.00001446492,0.0002189524,0.000009649536,0.001129238],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04281792,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9974701,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W170718266","doi":"10.1016/j.irfa.2016.08.004","title":"Financial literacy and over-indebtedness in low-income households","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Review of Financial Analysis","topic":"Financial Literacy, Pension, Retirement Analysis","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":187,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Economic and Social Research Council; Queen's University; Queen's University Belfast","keywords":"Financial literacy; Numeracy; Disadvantaged; Debt; Finance; Net worth; Economics; Sample (material); Endogeneity; Financial services; Business; Consumption (sociology); Literacy; Economic growth","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008455885066569874,"gpt":0.2579555520256938,"spread":0.2494996669591239,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007958551,0.0003071186,0.0009253163,0.001187162,0.00007416425,0.00009262472,0.0005362676,0.0001083676,0.001124582],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002485817,0.0002311274,0.0004529036,0.004148676,0.0001057127,0.001438782,0.0002934865,0.000121232,0.00007388839],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001054283,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008942031,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001008917,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007781934,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9971735,0.00003202133,0.001189622,0.0005539537,0.0007414581,0.0003094066],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979919,0.00009218018,0.000767332,0.000375208,0.0007507142,0.00002264179],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005351825,0.0001197381,0.949297,0.001014315,0.0000636607,0.00002825583,0.00001629893,0.000005675931,0.00008205206,0.02377798,0.0006844886,0.02485705],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005912856,0.00001007325,0.9611539,0.006013378,0.0005995976,8.413274e-7,9.992252e-7,0.0007993295,0.00003020435,0.002350021,0.02812033,0.0003300418],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9932735,0.003682937,0.000411596,0.0009463641,0.0004291023,0.0002772384,0.00005335494,0.00003913071,0.0008867861],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.990478,0.005697807,0.0001574354,0.002514475,0.0006410766,0.00003883545,0.00008047997,0.00002104699,0.0003708561],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02743584,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997885,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389903644","doi":"10.1016/j.irfa.2023.103051","title":"Green finance policy, ESG rating, and cost of debt——Evidence from China","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Review of Financial Analysis","topic":"Energy, Environment, Economic Growth","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":153,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Social Science Fund of China; National Office for Philosophy and Social Sciences","keywords":"Promulgation; China; Corporate governance; Debt; Finance; Business; Quarter (Canadian coin); Economics; Financial system","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02414514203688169,"gpt":0.2635425962343225,"spread":0.2393974541974408,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005754859,0.0001549851,0.000819461,0.0005417696,0.00003754934,0.00001394035,0.0004507948,0.00006345332,0.0003074534],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001748145,0.0001762179,0.0002810874,0.001387224,0.0001065085,0.0002267044,0.0001809892,0.00008550498,0.0001020454],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001030137,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004778072,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007919302,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003200985,"domain_scores_codex":[0.99816,0.00002334273,0.001125587,0.0004327498,0.00009122489,0.0001671187],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982743,0.0001108242,0.00115261,0.0003514435,0.00006506025,0.00004581016],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001967154,0.00008422208,0.7228642,0.0006073458,0.0007892079,0.000008882927,0.0002463955,0.001191952,0.00007176092,0.2411513,0.001777816,0.03118726],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001886269,0.00002548502,0.9644501,0.0009030422,0.0001158702,8.393854e-7,0.000003785992,0.00581061,0.0001563471,0.01175665,0.01639257,0.0001960273],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9297128,0.0503185,0.005026812,0.005556215,0.00032397,0.0003604227,0.001314038,0.00002812003,0.007359057],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8705075,0.1274853,0.0005439336,0.000299547,0.0001254706,0.00003855208,0.0001085332,0.00001280413,0.0008783346],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2415859,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.998687,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2029279732","doi":"10.1016/j.irfa.2013.12.006","title":"Executive political connections and firm performance: Comparative evidence from privately-controlled and state-owned enterprises","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Review of Financial Analysis","topic":"Political Influence and Corporate Strategies","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":119,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba; University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Politics; Accounting; Independence (probability theory); State ownership; Business; State (computer science); Control (management); Corporate governance; Market economy; Economics; Finance; Emerging markets; Management; Political science; Law","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03135810878888906,"gpt":0.2957899734210035,"spread":0.2644318646321145,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002594135,0.0001452945,0.0006153895,0.0001958076,0.00008441148,0.0001035273,0.0001624691,0.00003063069,0.0001487583],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001238393,0.00011176,0.0001247738,0.0005061296,0.0001959638,0.0007447339,0.0001002141,0.00008349306,0.00001881621],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001757024,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003637579,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001305778,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001155326,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988475,0.00002596037,0.0004656352,0.0002432986,0.0002450976,0.0001724694],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99872,0.0002538445,0.0002654364,0.0001129782,0.0006193963,0.00002828982],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005373232,0.0001830425,0.5339796,0.001565432,0.001480971,0.000005758622,0.0001372995,0.00006422428,0.0002774574,0.4517016,0.001118331,0.008948984],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001062476,0.00006061253,0.9391685,0.003755147,0.001879569,0.000001022774,0.0001184639,0.0199673,0.0001993244,0.02800995,0.005428827,0.0003487766],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9886108,0.002609339,0.0009570473,0.001302775,0.00009871068,0.0002032391,0.00002893341,0.00001845549,0.006170711],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9946695,0.002957694,0.00008159305,0.001967753,0.0001946992,0.00003182503,0.00003292942,0.000003359773,0.00006066525],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4236916,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4557442,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2606950878","doi":"10.1016/j.irfa.2017.04.001","title":"Return spillovers between white precious metal ETFs: The role of oil, gold, and global equity","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Review of Financial Analysis","topic":"Market Dynamics and Volatility","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":112,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Economic and Social Research Council; Queen's University; Queen's University Belfast","keywords":"Precious metal; Equity (law); Volatility (finance); Economics; Monetary economics; Alternative investment; Financial economics; Business; Metal","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02121543533519957,"gpt":0.2886493387169277,"spread":0.2674339033817281,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001358984,0.0001178109,0.0007031329,0.00008295882,0.00008123877,0.00004701767,0.0007248022,0.00005991148,0.0002241762],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001470557,0.00009881135,0.0003941543,0.0002940841,0.000153985,0.0001718282,0.0003261442,0.00009024073,0.000004486583],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006456397,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003392776,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001155113,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004295358,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986678,0.00002342039,0.0007911525,0.0002688358,0.0001268283,0.000122006],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978656,0.00004136486,0.001314244,0.0005087781,0.0002272198,0.00004275595],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009428494,0.00002407545,0.8936921,0.0001790007,0.000512307,3.669983e-7,0.00001650233,0.00000119114,0.000001017254,0.04693066,0.00008355136,0.05854975],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001381987,0.00002081621,0.9436647,0.0002134496,0.000373015,5.240711e-7,0.000003731196,0.00468661,0.000005538494,0.02271618,0.02805969,0.0001174961],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6620748,0.06555481,0.001446204,0.003461682,0.0005102144,0.0002836932,0.004845372,0.00001083348,0.2618124],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9827837,0.01646589,0.0001781901,0.00009413387,0.00007619998,0.000006098744,0.00004023148,0.000003800842,0.0003517213],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3207089,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.402941,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2065691091","doi":"10.1016/j.irfa.2015.03.006","title":"The dynamics of economic growth, oil prices, stock market depth, and other macroeconomic variables: Evidence from the G-20 countries","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Review of Financial Analysis","topic":"Market Dynamics and Volatility","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":90,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Trent University","funders":"","keywords":"Economics; Exchange rate; Stock market; Real interest rate; Short run; Granger causality; Real gross domestic product; Econometrics; Interest rate; Stock (firearms); Monetary economics; Inflation (cosmology)","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02230314056961409,"gpt":0.2588407653648226,"spread":0.2365376247952085,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002623068,0.0001614287,0.0006591385,0.0001058507,0.00008277749,0.00006851765,0.000755117,0.0000657914,0.0004826774],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001794251,0.0001209965,0.0002510742,0.0003181841,0.0002108866,0.0001966947,0.0001603762,0.0001105737,0.0000144778],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002401215,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000163817,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005288847,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008905115,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981755,0.00005796269,0.001180268,0.0003390262,0.00009567408,0.0001515664],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9973106,0.0006811372,0.001244362,0.0004367701,0.0002711282,0.00005595214],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007049736,0.00002353069,0.8423123,0.0002373625,0.0006929529,3.543088e-7,0.00007937281,0.0000337664,1.525728e-7,0.1488126,0.003049357,0.004687823],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005433679,0.0000587836,0.2982176,0.001231687,0.0006968326,0.000002766235,0.00005320409,0.4614285,0.000003553797,0.06517757,0.1721261,0.0004600072],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4392895,0.4199556,0.02253641,0.02187641,0.002811257,0.0009976629,0.01401982,0.00003834036,0.07847507],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7822481,0.2119344,0.001291931,0.001462519,0.000295527,0.00008062652,0.0001451408,0.00003148121,0.002510304],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5440946,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7995191,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3196569328","doi":"10.1016/j.irfa.2021.101882","title":"Multilayer financial networks and systemic importance: Evidence from China","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Review of Financial Analysis","topic":"Banking stability, regulation, efficiency","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":87,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Windsor","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Systemic risk; Linkage (software); Network structure; Financial contagion; Business; China; Diversity (politics); Financial networks; Financial crisis; Finance; Economics; Financial market; Computer science; Geography; Machine learning","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01791921033572777,"gpt":0.259792080281667,"spread":0.2418728699459392,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009022042,0.000176094,0.0008704915,0.0002020472,0.00007201058,0.00004230923,0.0003395116,0.0001073901,0.001000368],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005021438,0.0001936858,0.0003673764,0.001632787,0.00007933316,0.0002495954,0.0001210771,0.0001453213,0.00002212513],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001352475,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001226779,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005143106,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002543627,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976631,0.00004629883,0.00133511,0.0006181842,0.0001564238,0.0001808278],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980028,0.0001268191,0.0008900879,0.000452719,0.0004722595,0.00005526579],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000116368,0.00009542458,0.957404,0.000489171,0.0002443654,0.00001034077,0.0001122979,0.001123187,0.00001917202,0.02974209,0.0004665479,0.01028181],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001482682,0.00001181091,0.9733374,0.001749812,0.0002043326,0.000004338352,0.000002674748,0.01873434,0.00002822109,0.003375233,0.00219884,0.0002047613],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6337516,0.3277347,0.03594659,0.0008425235,0.0006409393,0.0002019532,0.0002806858,0.0000183061,0.0005826415],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9352748,0.06297389,0.0009760616,0.0002652713,0.000216352,0.0000230327,0.0001154199,0.000009792581,0.000145313],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3015232,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999129,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1976501574","doi":"10.1016/j.irfa.2011.05.004","title":"Oil prices and accounting profits of oil and gas companies","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Review of Financial Analysis","topic":"Market Dynamics and Volatility","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":70,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Northern British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Bond; Economics; Financial crisis; Equity (law); Generalized method of moments; Fossil fuel; Commodity; Financial economics; Petroleum industry; Panel data; Econometrics; Monetary economics; Finance; Macroeconomics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02703188517628,"gpt":0.2430453389499864,"spread":0.2160134537737064,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006700287,0.00008369764,0.0005258669,0.000212327,0.00002527701,0.00001090643,0.0001508519,0.00003315778,0.0003007443],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005744792,0.0000829345,0.0001190443,0.0004424933,0.00006882655,0.000129476,0.00007813462,0.00004922611,0.000001843046],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001296628,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001506244,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005888916,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001223844,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989853,0.00000903612,0.0006705002,0.0002020702,0.00005649745,0.00007660804],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998929,0.0000331278,0.0006759458,0.0001238001,0.0002130832,0.00002510142],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001479825,0.00006570509,0.7711905,0.002054491,0.0003331776,6.089746e-7,0.0001677342,4.54723e-7,0.00000376822,0.1135959,0.00003371092,0.1125391],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001820729,0.00002779185,0.9611114,0.0008468763,0.0002280534,0.00000131747,0.00001171568,0.01806578,0.00001203695,0.007330925,0.01200062,0.0001814247],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9007512,0.04358308,0.0003882387,0.0003057609,0.0001138042,0.00002453032,0.0002118939,0.00000534636,0.05461609],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9085379,0.0893625,0.001496767,0.0001031737,0.00002502322,0.000007459681,0.00001844393,0.000004317174,0.0004444172],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1899208,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3381971,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3125071891","doi":"10.1016/j.irfa.2014.10.004","title":"CEO power and the structure of CEO pay","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Review of Financial Analysis","topic":"Corporate Finance and Governance","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":59,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Lethbridge","funders":"","keywords":"Power (physics); Scope (computer science); Incentive; Sample (material); Microeconomics; Executive compensation; Compensation (psychology); Economics; Relevance (law); Bargaining power; Relation (database); Business; Accounting; Industrial organization; Psychology; Social psychology; Computer science; Political science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.004788318109748656,"gpt":0.2161484104715382,"spread":0.2113600923617895,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003333353,0.00009423,0.0004011217,0.0001077103,0.00003318366,0.00002015589,0.0002816253,0.00002633975,0.0003133728],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009413566,0.00005257465,0.0002023776,0.0009787111,0.00009888115,0.0002133644,0.00007682565,0.00006627024,0.000008591051],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000006676255,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001824308,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004496652,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001908615,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990907,0.00001230047,0.0003789294,0.000144074,0.0003013851,0.00007260146],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985257,0.00004180746,0.0007078731,0.000179966,0.0005405204,0.000004130735],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001415337,0.00006767967,0.2473941,0.002139071,0.0005659579,0.000002225075,0.0000354232,0.00009591861,0.0002091212,0.6642686,0.01252171,0.07255864],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005378954,0.000006487159,0.6546943,0.0008928484,0.0008117364,5.367764e-7,0.000002750813,0.001055976,0.0000492528,0.007432697,0.3343889,0.0001266798],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9186958,0.02155364,0.01087651,0.02287972,0.001472087,0.0007760199,0.0002246976,0.00003639787,0.02348512],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9936885,0.002959118,0.0000613599,0.002836036,0.0002384372,0.000002392432,0.00002173753,0.000004146815,0.00018824],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6568359,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3431213,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2025114977","doi":"10.1016/j.irfa.2010.01.008","title":"Ownership dispersion and market liquidity","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Review of Financial Analysis","topic":"Financial Markets and Investment Strategies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":59,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Market liquidity; Extant taxon; Dispersion (optics); Liquidity crisis; Business; Shareholder; Monetary economics; Sample (material); Liquidity risk; Financial system; Financial economics; Economics; Finance; Corporate governance","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01882990498753811,"gpt":0.2429131389079332,"spread":0.2240832339203951,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007049492,0.0001163299,0.0004806169,0.0002590209,0.00004840827,0.00002702506,0.0002403378,0.00006778951,0.002879368],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001319328,0.0001085079,0.0002323465,0.0006396677,0.0001043939,0.0002036356,0.00006377234,0.0001355854,0.00003302167],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002142108,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000293234,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002543202,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000077103,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989243,0.00001229612,0.0005910012,0.0002738242,0.00007668329,0.0001219096],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991556,0.00003166946,0.000407353,0.0002039466,0.0001478282,0.00005357205],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002479886,0.00009708094,0.1438973,0.0005155897,0.0002293962,0.000002713482,0.00002986195,9.575224e-7,0.00006802293,0.8358527,0.01099756,0.008284087],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000151796,0.00004084996,0.690079,0.0002783108,0.0001330055,0.00000154929,0.000003359664,0.0007443454,0.00004850696,0.01682589,0.2914894,0.0002038888],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6937708,0.03791137,0.001213229,0.006599195,0.002106064,0.0004324392,0.0006199725,0.00003873906,0.2573082],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9518192,0.04459936,0.0008210257,0.001090839,0.0001740333,0.00001757739,0.00005479071,0.000007577455,0.001415577],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8190268,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9980322,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2886746300","doi":"10.1016/j.irfa.2018.08.009","title":"Banks' funding structure and earnings quality","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Review of Financial Analysis","topic":"Banking stability, regulation, efficiency","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":47,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University; McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Earnings; Earnings quality; Business; Quality (philosophy); Financial system; Economics; Finance; Accrual","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02523799150159719,"gpt":0.2972749907728424,"spread":0.2720369992712452,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001060564,0.0001076963,0.0005273618,0.0003158785,0.00007763323,0.0000253002,0.0002538523,0.00005820619,0.001785193],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002696818,0.0001130667,0.0001886197,0.001282539,0.0001555993,0.0001507918,0.00007222717,0.00008130191,0.00002992972],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007305652,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002867294,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003149258,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001119793,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985153,0.00002788837,0.000865381,0.0003518427,0.0001101348,0.0001294518],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985387,0.000052691,0.0007274611,0.000242808,0.0004022683,0.00003608838],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000535853,0.00002956306,0.7663575,0.0003146193,0.0001659936,2.16395e-7,0.0001421838,0.000009629041,0.00001744911,0.2223091,0.0001864781,0.01046196],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008480971,0.00002091426,0.9662141,0.0001809621,0.00007057886,7.088589e-7,0.000001842709,0.0007113504,0.00003385287,0.009288422,0.0232704,0.0001221065],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9687135,0.01411008,0.01055965,0.0009253132,0.0004096195,0.0001453402,0.0002779248,0.00001735137,0.004841253],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.995754,0.002426035,0.001093576,0.0002961885,0.0001634444,0.000003767818,0.00004372709,0.000005938144,0.0002133262],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2130206,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9991273,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386609729","doi":"10.1016/j.irfa.2023.102916","title":"GameFi: The perfect symbiosis of blockchain, tokens, DeFi, and NFTs?","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Review of Financial Analysis","topic":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":46,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"Concordia University","keywords":"Blockchain; Incentive; Computer science; Clan; Proposition; Function (biology); Profit (economics); Shapley value; Microeconomics; Game theory; Economics; Computer security; Biology; Political science; Epistemology; Evolutionary biology; Law","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008649864994664,"gpt":0.259489820349403,"spread":0.250839955354739,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006787536,0.00008691273,0.0003210917,0.0002859345,0.00006662925,0.00001116805,0.0008879696,0.00005072286,0.0000244001],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005668648,0.00006245459,0.0002041706,0.00334824,0.0001220588,0.00003520384,0.0002936244,0.00009498551,0.00001002692],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001326733,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004476861,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007667189,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003015336,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989464,0.00004467933,0.0003962232,0.0002287493,0.0002786275,0.0001053079],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987152,0.0001309139,0.0002522489,0.0004517886,0.0004274311,0.00002238399],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004350891,0.0001155689,0.01980095,0.0005987646,0.0007149437,0.000004873159,0.0002702174,0.00005179489,0.0003310566,0.7111301,0.006225647,0.2607517],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000853117,0.0002968576,0.5395468,0.004405975,0.003004555,0.00004861616,0.0001095894,0.2614317,0.009665105,0.07020458,0.1093231,0.001110084],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7841536,0.08247048,0.0743777,0.05544481,0.000418843,0.0008814292,0.00015495,0.0002836346,0.001814585],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9676936,0.03042205,0.001172005,0.0005659064,0.0000217615,0.00004666648,0.000009678223,0.00000275931,0.00006553779],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6409255,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2546824,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408933641","doi":"10.1016/j.irfa.2025.104187","title":"Geopolitical risk and energy markets in China","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Review of Financial Analysis","topic":"Global Energy Security and Policy","field":"Energy","cited_by":45,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Institute on Governance","funders":"National Social Science Fund of China; National Office for Philosophy and Social Sciences; Zhejiang Office of Philosophy and Social Science","keywords":"Geopolitics; China; Energy (signal processing); Economics; Business; Natural resource economics; Financial economics; Geography; Political science; Physics; Politics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.003342154304201162,"gpt":0.2644813818590874,"spread":0.2611392275548862,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002745464,0.0001089663,0.00041201,0.0004050721,0.00002631436,0.00000983449,0.0002150478,0.00006719251,0.0003491411],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001502129,0.0001006269,0.0001995291,0.001529595,0.00006684486,0.00005999092,0.0000856429,0.00009382062,0.000004073363],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005224442,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008088818,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03100937,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009360604,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989071,0.0001093027,0.0004531998,0.0001970673,0.0001880344,0.0001453056],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994605,0.00007038076,0.0001169537,0.0001566938,0.0001523129,0.00004312288],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001468981,0.00004744346,0.00469866,0.0001488943,0.0001875098,0.000004231897,0.000009441253,0.00007484244,0.000001221265,0.9231922,0.0005798823,0.07104097],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000174982,0.000007752831,0.3139888,0.0008126285,0.0003764236,0.000001007604,0.000001546319,0.0009174741,0.00003654117,0.02781129,0.6557801,0.00009151593],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1236572,0.0562897,0.0009782207,0.004924088,0.0005469708,0.00008092908,0.0002070697,0.00003299511,0.8132828],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9292758,0.06650899,0.0001182462,0.002092747,0.00007000151,0.0000143883,0.00006338672,0.000003349859,0.001853117],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8953809,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9754432,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4398667970","doi":"10.1016/j.irfa.2024.103376","title":"ESG ratings, business credit acquisition, and corporate value","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Review of Financial Analysis","topic":"Corporate Finance and Governance","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Business; Credit rating; Value (mathematics); Accounting; Business administration; Actuarial science; Mathematics; Statistics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01355416316665489,"gpt":0.2405279445951695,"spread":0.2269737814285146,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003348376,0.0001548869,0.0003831947,0.0003268933,0.00005729863,0.000143857,0.0002310585,0.00004066826,0.0003072806],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004969406,0.0001358247,0.0001711294,0.003593592,0.00005920807,0.0008338233,0.0000906308,0.00008154699,0.00009041061],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002743374,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007432892,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004386689,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004937828,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987197,0.000007410136,0.000481737,0.0003110559,0.0003606607,0.0001194541],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982184,0.00002729011,0.0005343137,0.0001532257,0.001057438,0.000009319483],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000640228,0.0001511401,0.1526226,0.01609811,0.001024441,0.00028773,0.00002215453,0.0003847526,0.0002245375,0.5440775,0.1244739,0.1605691],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001682159,0.000005934667,0.6764436,0.00493469,0.00143782,0.000006398773,0.000002103879,0.009815443,0.00002299713,0.005493584,0.3013826,0.0002866011],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6089092,0.2030867,0.08962623,0.04748692,0.007972911,0.001594749,0.0005939694,0.0005503033,0.04017904],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9755639,0.01616998,0.0002166209,0.004863873,0.001939788,0.00003339764,0.0002461085,0.00001618443,0.0009500833],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5385839,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5538771,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2047376433","doi":"10.1016/j.irfa.2007.01.003","title":"The dynamics of privatization, the legal environment and stock market development","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Review of Financial Analysis","topic":"Corporate Finance and Governance","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"HEC Montréal","funders":"HEC Montréal; Université Laval","keywords":"Stock market; Endogeneity; Stock market crash; Stock (firearms); Economics; Crash; Emerging markets; Business; Financial economics; Monetary economics; Market economy; Finance; Econometrics; Geography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006832597492668934,"gpt":0.2136798435054018,"spread":0.2068472460127328,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009432409,0.00008304427,0.0001849086,0.00007485357,0.0001062265,0.000025716,0.000294909,0.00001829471,0.00008596745],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000392485,0.00005047446,0.00008575751,0.0007219014,0.00007662251,0.000171562,0.0001025589,0.00004898386,0.000004741178],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000407912,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003818048,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001387732,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007354228,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989162,0.000006137862,0.0004947941,0.0001189371,0.0003747714,0.00008913643],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987867,0.00005689159,0.0006993498,0.0001526063,0.0003001477,0.000004308711],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005335454,0.00007247793,0.5142761,0.000656047,0.0003563309,0.00000284553,0.00001945047,0.00007820224,0.000007744626,0.1892173,0.005779225,0.2894809],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005379654,0.000001864657,0.6665533,0.0001822252,0.0001408291,2.223006e-7,0.000004255004,0.001421904,0.000007578858,0.0001680595,0.3314189,0.00004708557],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6628906,0.03297948,0.2470006,0.02604805,0.001002738,0.001562206,0.00008538663,0.00003304634,0.02839797],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.982166,0.01403079,0.0004228055,0.001220429,0.000214394,0.000017874,0.00006093166,0.000007861578,0.001858894],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3256397,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2058289,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406212848","doi":"10.1016/j.irfa.2025.103919","title":"Does the world need more traditional energy? A comparative analysis of ESG activities, free cash flow, and capital market implications","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Review of Financial Analysis","topic":"Market Dynamics and Volatility","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Northern British Columbia; New York Institute of Technology","funders":"","keywords":"Free cash flow; Business; Cash flow; Capital (architecture); Capital flows; Economics; Monetary economics; International economics; Financial economics; Finance; Market economy; Geography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01902307952134058,"gpt":0.2643839269910991,"spread":0.2453608474697585,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005230795,0.0001425803,0.0009158656,0.001018902,0.00008307984,0.00002731496,0.0004456536,0.00004250216,0.0009553409],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004100556,0.0001037059,0.0005868125,0.003634833,0.0001740182,0.0001217503,0.0001068901,0.00009556671,3.295771e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008502742,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006832814,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009669391,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005058574,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985008,0.00004505588,0.0009294277,0.000315792,0.00009947551,0.0001094454],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998287,0.0003423197,0.0006479923,0.0004248218,0.0002641435,0.00003378898],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003339181,0.0001723434,0.3780119,0.0002108346,0.007308138,5.830225e-7,0.0001287995,0.00009881619,0.000001834096,0.6049488,0.005458561,0.003626003],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000155563,0.00000829592,0.8399186,0.0001517514,0.001869916,3.336104e-7,0.00002944106,0.1148675,0.000004188589,0.02787189,0.01499115,0.0001313303],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5015469,0.05916025,0.1033501,0.04399965,0.001428418,0.001392477,0.04808407,0.00005203982,0.2409861],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9908971,0.005341974,0.000397661,0.0005581744,0.00003449303,0.00006587479,0.0003626397,0.000003278625,0.002338818],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5770769,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999579,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2034201946","doi":"10.1016/j.irfa.2009.04.001","title":"The effectiveness of the VaR-based portfolio insurance strategy: An empirical analysis","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Review of Financial Analysis","topic":"Insurance and Financial Risk Management","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Windsor","funders":"Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University; Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China","keywords":"Downside risk; Portfolio insurance; Portfolio; Actuarial science; Context (archaeology); Econometrics; Economics; Portfolio optimization; Replicating portfolio; Financial economics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01948077864206694,"gpt":0.290571374526174,"spread":0.2710905958841071,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002470714,0.0001746456,0.0009204565,0.0004077691,0.0001353188,0.00003288734,0.0009336653,0.00006724428,0.0001018274],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009287839,0.0001227927,0.001106923,0.005253272,0.0001132601,0.0001591711,0.00004259726,0.0001409906,0.00001206581],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008404018,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009084528,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002942547,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001521905,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978773,0.000140008,0.001185999,0.0003650319,0.0002340156,0.0001976593],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976175,0.0001342637,0.001078033,0.0006630897,0.0004674804,0.00003957767],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001101881,0.0003357716,0.7833124,0.0002495837,0.001440265,0.000002627323,0.00001804778,0.005180961,0.00000882083,0.1911635,0.0001724227,0.01800542],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001782082,0.00006862408,0.9797389,0.0002257428,0.0006156345,1.478409e-7,0.000002222134,0.002577583,0.00008177392,0.008797395,0.007577688,0.0001360889],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8676144,0.04856045,0.04673516,0.002522853,0.0009932211,0.001290787,0.00109405,0.00003651771,0.03115248],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.991588,0.007446525,0.00008724348,0.0006273905,0.0000547739,0.00002728749,0.00005527789,0.000005836414,0.0001076741],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1964265,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5007343,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2290655803","doi":"10.1016/j.irfa.2016.01.008","title":"Do targets grab the cash in takeovers: The role of earnings management","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Review of Financial Analysis","topic":"Auditing, Earnings Management, Governance","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of the Fraser Valley","funders":"","keywords":"Accrual; Business; Extant taxon; Earnings management; Earnings; Cash; Equity (law); Mergers and acquisitions; Monetary economics; Accounting; Finance; Economics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.005522857299341899,"gpt":0.2230649313429033,"spread":0.2175420740435614,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001179545,0.0001595708,0.0003764654,0.0003058381,0.0000696861,0.00003977044,0.000974988,0.00002732561,0.0007967193],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005634083,0.00008451611,0.0003168565,0.002029501,0.0001115326,0.0003754821,0.0004019696,0.0001060692,0.00009604575],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006113814,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001732036,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006706921,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002881871,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980951,0.00003127681,0.0006531975,0.0002757041,0.0007535066,0.000191216],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9919233,0.00008992598,0.007207495,0.0003538525,0.0004190477,0.000006321858],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002706211,0.0000900515,0.2391431,0.0006925744,0.0006371211,0.00001057493,0.00005828209,0.0001196208,0.0000596696,0.1324419,0.00627576,0.6204442],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001828147,0.000003901313,0.3495987,0.001530177,0.000470965,2.241451e-7,0.00004316958,0.0001607695,0.0000213693,0.001593974,0.6462884,0.0001055915],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4168,0.05389558,0.1571722,0.05240763,0.002176077,0.004398383,0.0001532295,0.0001750859,0.3128218],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9888892,0.007753304,0.0001013376,0.001642557,0.0002570041,0.00005571654,0.00001243396,0.00001220075,0.001276247],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6400126,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8723518,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3025924009","doi":"10.1016/j.irfa.2020.101515","title":"They're back! Post-financialization diversification benefits of commodities","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Review of Financial Analysis","topic":"Market Dynamics and Volatility","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Financialization; Diversification (marketing strategy); Portfolio; Economics; Financial economics; Commodity; Currency; Monetary economics; Business; Finance","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03615500877163055,"gpt":0.2431968189010247,"spread":0.2070418101293942,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004331658,0.0001075514,0.0006086083,0.0001975995,0.00003291769,0.0000110575,0.0003650387,0.00005603392,0.001494552],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001440902,0.0001181073,0.0003476303,0.0009023425,0.00003958377,0.0001577101,0.0000740437,0.00006326516,0.00003326189],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004130599,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004255369,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005050242,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001299406,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985822,0.00002292094,0.0009461748,0.0002495537,0.0001117944,0.00008735254],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981185,0.00003954826,0.0009639079,0.000204927,0.0006319565,0.00004112176],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000588859,0.0001435036,0.4948196,0.001758438,0.00049388,4.217368e-7,0.0004421559,0.0002789233,0.00001639683,0.4927028,0.001393054,0.007891991],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003604599,0.0001020795,0.9051937,0.0006801682,0.0003545479,2.400913e-7,0.00002821196,0.04437144,0.00006952122,0.006096185,0.04242318,0.0003202814],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6288494,0.09444381,0.1222325,0.0300925,0.001525643,0.001654161,0.01844305,0.00006014345,0.1026988],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9827432,0.01521949,0.0003956845,0.0009263888,0.00007058385,0.000007079996,0.0005395674,0.000006285278,0.00009169997],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4866066,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994182,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391061462","doi":"10.1016/j.irfa.2024.103101","title":"Female directors and CSR: Does the presence of female directors affect CSR focus?","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Review of Financial Analysis","topic":"Corporate Social Responsibility Reporting","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; St. Michael's Hospital","funders":"Project of High-level Teachers in Beijing Municipal Universities in the Period of 13th Five-year Plan; Capital University of Economics and Business; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Corporate social responsibility; Affect (linguistics); Accounting; Business; Political science; Public relations; Psychology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01764649786753119,"gpt":0.2950404502983479,"spread":0.2773939524308167,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001649622,0.0001610841,0.0005297194,0.0003407753,0.00008213199,0.0001143714,0.0003310585,0.00004329503,0.00028337],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007724505,0.00009943279,0.0004592281,0.002740617,0.0001504446,0.0004214788,0.0002317519,0.0001174277,0.00001178091],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004120159,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009815643,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002032155,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001082437,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981428,0.00004916784,0.0007395427,0.0003420236,0.0005833846,0.0001430727],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980335,0.0003972262,0.0006526413,0.0002543372,0.0006497009,0.00001262743],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005101463,0.0001004461,0.5843224,0.006919871,0.001120468,0.00003556362,0.000230468,0.00002705169,0.0007460115,0.01778315,0.0008774909,0.3877861],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001682975,0.00002334484,0.8685821,0.008334155,0.004045166,0.000002981202,0.0001595161,0.004838177,0.001363096,0.003850124,0.1081221,0.0005108786],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9727427,0.02117934,0.0002339343,0.001235098,0.0005933383,0.0003497729,0.00002416488,0.00004485478,0.003596854],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9949977,0.003727719,0.00005210571,0.0001543821,0.0004200696,0.00002645909,0.00001925938,0.00001157897,0.0005907559],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3872752,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9247512,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2971408432","doi":"10.1016/j.irfa.2019.101384","title":"Discretionary tone, annual earnings and market returns: Evidence from UK Interim Management Statements","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Review of Financial Analysis","topic":"Auditing, Earnings Management, Governance","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Quarter (Canadian coin); Interim; Earnings; Tone (literature); Context (archaeology); Accounting; Business; Earnings management; Economics; Monetary economics; Political science; Geography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009052667703879294,"gpt":0.2834650078385689,"spread":0.2744123401346896,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007859204,0.0002574158,0.000565253,0.0004204598,0.00006669477,0.0001077485,0.0006528223,0.00004401314,0.0066357],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003775294,0.000243573,0.0002450503,0.001328704,0.00006739207,0.00145937,0.0008264721,0.0001625578,0.0002594304],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009105176,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001901397,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001060453,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009435976,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974414,0.00003155291,0.0007836063,0.0005932058,0.0009225681,0.0002276757],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.991955,0.00007359852,0.00704519,0.0003412942,0.0005652739,0.00001965882],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001893188,0.0001224682,0.7841933,0.004594237,0.001982561,0.00004581963,0.0001101516,0.000085705,0.00006643023,0.01007588,0.04359758,0.1549365],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002800559,0.00001632976,0.7370788,0.007303148,0.001004745,4.039597e-7,0.00007311178,0.001200767,0.000004985472,0.0005753197,0.2521742,0.0002881296],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8416072,0.0181209,0.07079458,0.005679658,0.001657673,0.001883421,0.0003487327,0.0001413245,0.05976653],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9635118,0.02376342,0.001137694,0.00340584,0.0003963178,0.0000596219,0.0003249904,0.00002478051,0.007375563],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2085766,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9942724,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400722268","doi":"10.1016/j.irfa.2024.103477","title":"Cross-country risk spillovers of ESG stock indices: Dynamic patterns and the role of climate transition risks","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Review of Financial Analysis","topic":"Market Dynamics and Volatility","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; National University's Basic Research Foundation of China; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Stock (firearms); Climate change; Climate risk; Business; Transition countries; Economics; Financial economics; Econometrics; Geography; International economics; Ecology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00842938025413152,"gpt":0.2719665387300697,"spread":0.2635371584759382,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001311876,0.0001068059,0.0006231761,0.0002728929,0.00003260112,0.0000266155,0.0002159486,0.00005669222,0.0003198898],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003649214,0.00008761315,0.0004091593,0.0006880097,0.0001398824,0.00013507,0.00004487045,0.0001209668,0.0000021029],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004151648,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002585063,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00287731,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003785703,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985197,0.00003293176,0.001005885,0.0002428227,0.000102913,0.00009570635],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987527,0.0001152236,0.0007602462,0.0001972987,0.0001538431,0.00002072726],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007916122,0.00005470815,0.8996316,0.002216089,0.0008771357,0.000001134005,0.0002056613,0.00009912257,0.000001690747,0.05843418,0.000004904374,0.03839465],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002932027,0.00002519172,0.6429126,0.000904348,0.0005120927,9.589399e-7,0.00001352206,0.3401025,0.000005124414,0.01266886,0.002454381,0.0001072119],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9222282,0.05984053,0.008524314,0.0001522911,0.00020828,0.0002367672,0.005522966,0.000006512135,0.003280186],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8675401,0.1322123,0.00005238076,0.00004752853,0.00001890008,0.000009997085,0.00009466582,0.000005474151,0.00001864463],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3400033,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4349651,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4320351692","doi":"10.1016/j.irfa.2023.102497","title":"The impacts of futures trading on volatility and volatility asymmetry of Bitcoin returns","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Review of Financial Analysis","topic":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Wilfrid Laurier University","funders":"","keywords":"Futures contract; Volatility (finance); Economics; Leverage effect; Econometrics; Leverage (statistics); Financial economics; Volatility swap; Forward volatility; Volatility smile; Realized variance; Autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity; Implied volatility; Mathematics; Statistics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009532384287154753,"gpt":0.2834302525345342,"spread":0.2738978682473794,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001159814,0.00008102841,0.0003465696,0.0002507569,0.00007403242,0.000008367499,0.0006870654,0.00005727399,0.000009227928],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001403735,0.0000564254,0.000196508,0.002776553,0.000135499,0.00006258017,0.0001395746,0.0001150989,6.114271e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001930539,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005714209,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001020647,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001524352,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987887,0.0000589941,0.0005370264,0.0002065799,0.00031463,0.00009402734],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984277,0.0002720727,0.000420863,0.0004668942,0.000387119,0.00002528142],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002747518,0.0001971104,0.08883613,0.001033594,0.0006798878,0.000001994771,0.0003729415,0.000006456874,0.0005260086,0.5460056,0.002831906,0.3594809],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001335035,0.00007839387,0.7820982,0.0006280387,0.0002031444,0.000001303853,0.00002032757,0.1829365,0.003460497,0.02701844,0.003303243,0.0001183779],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9713725,0.009372535,0.01303397,0.005306981,0.0001282046,0.0002344874,0.00007978535,0.00004104318,0.0004304794],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9929486,0.006268932,0.0006550753,0.0000802085,0.00001531218,0.000009948358,0.000007640789,0.000001678082,0.00001260265],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6932621,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2300961,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408985648","doi":"10.1016/j.irfa.2025.104182","title":"Navigating digital frontiers: The impact of China's cybersecurity law on corporate digital innovation","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Review of Financial Analysis","topic":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Algoma University","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"China; Computer security; Business; Economics; Law and economics; Political science; Law; Computer science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009082179223156486,"gpt":0.2931773276574353,"spread":0.2840951484342789,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000335366,0.0001146863,0.000342776,0.0001730527,0.00007716392,0.0000679894,0.001019275,0.00005718299,0.000007915339],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006290027,0.00007939632,0.0003047915,0.004955089,0.0001570625,0.0002995582,0.0001868501,0.0002101948,0.000002966357],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006533366,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001128735,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001572078,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007714088,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987996,0.00002119253,0.0005903688,0.0002315194,0.0002616277,0.00009567431],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979876,0.00005123212,0.0007203609,0.0004661654,0.0007615875,0.00001301792],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005336293,0.000134228,0.007697941,0.000055225,0.0003773714,7.419799e-7,0.00004436001,0.00007928384,0.000008063125,0.8404592,0.001030406,0.1501078],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007389365,0.0003258735,0.2340189,0.005010155,0.0006030666,0.000006922445,0.00003734848,0.09236709,0.001674252,0.6525566,0.01200376,0.0006571405],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4517688,0.004201939,0.5248729,0.007735415,0.0002949937,0.0005537815,0.0003705357,0.00008801119,0.01011364],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984044,0.0004013695,0.0007838488,0.0002645967,0.0000163658,0.00002040867,0.00007958454,0.000002049225,0.00002739069],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5466356,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3237688,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3034066515","doi":"10.1016/j.irfa.2020.101610","title":"Evaluating corporate credit risks in emerging markets","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Review of Financial Analysis","topic":"Credit Risk and Financial Regulations","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Wilfrid Laurier University","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Emerging markets; Leverage (statistics); Business; Credit default swap; Monetary economics; Financial crisis; Financial system; Corporate governance; Credit risk; Economics; Finance","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1585352875204466,"gpt":0.3553291185629601,"spread":0.1967938310425134,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009938051,0.0001382832,0.0007393183,0.0004273703,0.00004290795,0.00001929909,0.0003553506,0.000060363,0.001242187],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004506542,0.0001603702,0.0003681898,0.002898768,0.00003989354,0.0001734155,0.0000802015,0.0001490028,0.0001173127],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007865202,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007345689,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004161796,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007227586,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979537,0.00002952339,0.001317232,0.0003791206,0.0001533227,0.0001671083],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982361,0.0000513948,0.001177365,0.0001867167,0.0002774381,0.0000710329],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000439986,0.00009438381,0.8572906,0.0004699334,0.000282343,0.00001198297,0.0001743076,0.00189906,0.00002154358,0.09014842,0.001867375,0.04769607],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002675851,0.00003177135,0.9350796,0.0004010412,0.0001180178,4.138789e-7,0.000005812008,0.03892586,0.000009919957,0.003516891,0.02146039,0.0001826789],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8871855,0.05510789,0.02794946,0.01031795,0.001078988,0.0006077702,0.0009212163,0.00004441492,0.01678684],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9810238,0.01575922,0.00208071,0.0004831057,0.0003307193,0.00003419019,0.0001568319,0.00001178958,0.0001195697],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.09383839,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996708,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2787985553","doi":"10.1016/j.irfa.2018.01.009","title":"Basel III capital buffers and Canadian credit unions lending: Impact of the credit cycle and the business cycle","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Review of Financial Analysis","topic":"Banking stability, regulation, efficiency","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Leverage (statistics); Basel III; Capital requirement; Monetary economics; Loan; Credit risk; Capital adequacy ratio; Financial system; Capital (architecture); Credit cycle; Economics; Business; Business cycle; Finance; Macroeconomics; Market economy","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01027412238379923,"gpt":0.2450242381635961,"spread":0.2347501157797968,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001000799,0.0001159134,0.000469968,0.0002923872,0.0001656922,0.00002941425,0.0003668829,0.00004860223,0.0004354134],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001822076,0.00008077911,0.0002644646,0.00146908,0.0005699485,0.0001350327,0.00008390067,0.00007456288,0.000004322993],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001457226,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001804895,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.09684291,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02447588,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988287,0.00003811982,0.0006311624,0.0002471553,0.0001075191,0.0001473167],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985379,0.00009820327,0.0005162171,0.0003160313,0.0004761129,0.00005554451],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003285916,0.00009416442,0.6149592,0.0002471787,0.0007579778,5.961315e-7,0.0008147252,0.0004528461,0.000005658147,0.375888,0.0011682,0.005578497],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002834128,0.00001775968,0.9805815,0.0001685809,0.0001581183,0.000001987552,0.000009133837,0.006533611,0.00000407652,0.01010671,0.002042979,0.0000921251],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9815983,0.01028366,0.0007655607,0.003229272,0.0003923749,0.0002521076,0.0006097078,0.000004663124,0.002864407],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9964874,0.00306308,0.00006146973,0.0001390652,0.000141369,0.00000864169,0.00002253856,0.000006168952,0.00007028747],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3657813,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9933249,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4280528405","doi":"10.1016/j.irfa.2022.102213","title":"Air pollution and executive incentive: Evidence from pay-performance sensitivity","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Review of Financial Analysis","topic":"Energy, Environment, Economic Growth","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Basic Research Program of Jiangsu Province; Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Incentive; Air pollution; Pollution; Air quality index; China; Business; Damages; Environmental economics; Economics; Natural resource economics; Microeconomics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01634679597005501,"gpt":0.2288179991291552,"spread":0.2124712031591002,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009167556,0.0001300147,0.0005584066,0.0002740421,0.0001105747,0.00001001075,0.0002281197,0.00003058202,0.0007654247],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005217822,0.0001436965,0.0002047138,0.0006532282,0.00007436252,0.0003137116,0.0002765033,0.0001481408,0.0000372002],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003351305,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003167786,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001220205,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000722879,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985533,0.00006246013,0.0006996606,0.0004442363,0.000106746,0.0001335915],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987963,0.00007279284,0.0007934946,0.0002418278,0.00005348526,0.00004209966],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006521449,0.0002039804,0.9324427,0.0002765377,0.001107971,0.00001095266,0.000220881,0.005574527,0.0001257489,0.04172908,0.001756637,0.01648582],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000163104,0.00003687166,0.9591396,0.0002803707,0.0001483953,0.000001656491,0.00001134175,0.008930384,0.0001415131,0.001682656,0.02926034,0.0002037174],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9617757,0.02642712,0.004888916,0.002967583,0.0004437916,0.0001990992,0.001335167,0.00001351367,0.001949147],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.954304,0.04353123,0.0004179575,0.001195337,0.00006408267,0.00004271618,0.0001108517,0.000007587772,0.0003262639],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04004643,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8380864,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1969187123","doi":"10.1016/j.irfa.2010.01.006","title":"Credit insurance and investment: A contingent claims analysis approach","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Review of Financial Analysis","topic":"Credit Risk and Financial Regulations","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Université Laval","keywords":"Investment (military); Maturity (psychological); Debt; Economics; Monetary economics; Shareholder; Business; Actuarial science; Finance; Financial economics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01554793502467629,"gpt":0.244083023780238,"spread":0.2285350887555617,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007204787,0.0001735317,0.0009654618,0.0009030271,0.0000859832,0.00003738581,0.0003446454,0.0001035898,0.0003698926],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001072747,0.0001814436,0.0006086756,0.003430776,0.0001404726,0.0001805071,0.00008148896,0.000200752,0.00002089384],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000346193,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004321373,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005641234,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003599444,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981261,0.00001467007,0.001075166,0.000459869,0.0001460243,0.0001781878],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983467,0.00004359734,0.0008045346,0.0003729483,0.0003372999,0.00009487788],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006578377,0.000119843,0.5645485,0.0001504643,0.001334328,0.000001159165,0.00007134076,0.00005229945,0.00001448381,0.4288145,0.0006070368,0.004279425],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001735656,0.00001466018,0.9118971,0.00006462967,0.0008579334,0.000001219338,0.000003449573,0.004426498,0.00001030525,0.005491587,0.07686905,0.0001900488],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8829272,0.03584329,0.03680818,0.001203283,0.001073952,0.0005203833,0.001696692,0.00004243058,0.03988463],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.982639,0.01221016,0.003715849,0.0003369279,0.000256144,0.00005743514,0.000301976,0.000009784262,0.0004727608],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4233229,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7399055,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1983403277","doi":"10.1016/j.irfa.2005.09.003","title":"Index inclusion and commonality in liquidity: Evidence from the Stock Exchange of Hong Kong","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Review of Financial Analysis","topic":"Financial Markets and Investment Strategies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Market liquidity; Equity (law); Index (typography); Stock exchange; Business; Empirical evidence; Stock (firearms); Financial economics; Stock market index; Economics; Monetary economics; Stock market; Finance; Geography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03763483257270595,"gpt":0.2669858931523801,"spread":0.2293510605796741,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001063531,0.0001113377,0.0005912117,0.0001903699,0.00006245951,0.00001582846,0.0003507124,0.0000540988,0.0002581793],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008755196,0.00009391351,0.0001790369,0.0008801299,0.0001135509,0.0002320774,0.0003225313,0.00009711855,0.000002988688],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005821382,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004133891,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02306721,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003468869,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985409,0.00004634034,0.0009393962,0.0002417237,0.0001290502,0.0001025946],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987292,0.0001840274,0.0007089507,0.0002154904,0.0001453135,0.00001697726],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002663916,0.00008252468,0.9254947,0.000306498,0.00007763378,0.000001706298,0.00008964195,0.00003609425,0.00001479851,0.06754795,0.000867335,0.005454528],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001158982,0.00002157154,0.9663693,0.00131896,0.00005407168,1.448632e-7,0.000003317242,0.001253714,0.00002367425,0.02370114,0.007046172,0.00009207692],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8413166,0.1521561,0.0009091376,0.00264543,0.0001367889,0.0002028921,0.0003224521,0.00000408013,0.002306479],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9490926,0.05016349,0.000122307,0.0004119876,0.00008746587,0.00001598621,0.00004913753,0.00000402384,0.00005305101],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1077759,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9834383,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3124535555","doi":"10.1016/j.irfa.2014.02.014","title":"The valuation of catastrophe bonds with exposure to currency exchange risk","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Review of Financial Analysis","topic":"Insurance and Financial Risk Management","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Currency; Valuation (finance); Bond; Economics; Financial economics; Monetary economics; Foreign exchange risk; Business; Actuarial science; Finance","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01739666060288281,"gpt":0.2441788128168972,"spread":0.2267821522140144,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001476946,0.0001159005,0.0005057827,0.0002679068,0.00008168892,0.00001617627,0.0004274299,0.00002993894,0.000110565],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001257072,0.00008894409,0.0002050667,0.001435651,0.00003948827,0.00009609949,0.00005923632,0.00007824423,0.00006422507],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005775095,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002869222,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005985812,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003946722,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985769,0.00003352564,0.00083005,0.0002458624,0.0001729472,0.0001406818],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981354,0.00004952234,0.0009755168,0.0003584722,0.0004479669,0.00003307683],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007030028,0.0001418797,0.229883,0.0005831738,0.0006203217,7.565317e-7,0.000219889,0.0009443688,0.000003200013,0.4307873,0.003808623,0.3329372],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003258451,0.0003691353,0.6128253,0.0006454294,0.0003962417,2.854384e-7,0.000009137028,0.001262163,0.00002839921,0.008548811,0.3753664,0.0002228375],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2827986,0.1265746,0.5403059,0.006802816,0.001784237,0.001893518,0.002122041,0.00003971935,0.03767862],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9549543,0.04285355,0.001094235,0.000320809,0.0001454587,0.00008320998,0.00007205011,0.000008769823,0.0004676093],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6721557,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3627035,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2729405709","doi":"10.1016/j.irfa.2017.07.006","title":"Under-or-overreaction: Market responses to announcements of earnings surprises","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Review of Financial Analysis","topic":"Financial Markets and Investment Strategies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Earnings; Quarter (Canadian coin); Economics; Robustness (evolution); Monetary economics; Momentum (technical analysis); Excess return; Point (geometry); Earnings surprise; Market efficiency; Post-earnings-announcement drift; Financial economics; Finance; Earnings per share; Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05282503369344872,"gpt":0.3099583921474099,"spread":0.2571333584539612,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008969811,0.0001431705,0.0007450063,0.0004041079,0.0001276667,0.0000536521,0.0006257442,0.00005282297,0.002415808],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004346856,0.0001353804,0.0003228603,0.0004466322,0.0001032557,0.0003612243,0.0001293569,0.00007107087,0.00005090659],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007113686,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009847933,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001132856,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001569271,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984102,0.00002261337,0.0009599564,0.0003056204,0.0001553379,0.0001463271],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9975629,0.00006226289,0.001474159,0.0004797161,0.0003684423,0.00005255452],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005015159,0.000319903,0.6928821,0.001094544,0.001304288,0.000008713232,0.0001026308,0.0000379979,0.00005300804,0.2596284,0.03403618,0.01003071],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001481671,0.00008492105,0.791861,0.0006840794,0.00009962093,5.660482e-7,0.000007296045,0.00005829347,0.00003323683,0.002615244,0.2042731,0.0001345379],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4326575,0.0243172,0.01044836,0.01203225,0.003312232,0.001168793,0.003538116,0.00004567337,0.5124799],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9503953,0.03344405,0.0008999723,0.001142052,0.0001402421,0.00003912847,0.00005355688,0.000012109,0.01387353],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5177379,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9984961,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2084672481","doi":"10.1016/j.irfa.2015.03.009","title":"On the intensity of liquidity spillovers in the Eurozone","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Review of Financial Analysis","topic":"Monetary Policy and Economic Impact","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Ontario Tech University","funders":"","keywords":"Market liquidity; Spillover effect; Monetary economics; Economics; Liquidity crisis; Financial contagion; Liquidity risk; Equity (law); Financial crisis; Funding liquidity; Liquidity trap; Financial market; Macroeconomics; Finance","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1104826985451372,"gpt":0.2730555007735797,"spread":0.1625728022284424,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001946438,0.00008342829,0.0004757218,0.0002079794,0.0000166937,0.000008069792,0.0004808155,0.00002901534,0.0003466579],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003038247,0.00005606349,0.0002756949,0.0006845149,0.00006474483,0.00007849361,0.00004005494,0.0001084808,0.0001007982],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005654888,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002306814,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001453921,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007516561,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989371,0.00003832583,0.0006985337,0.0001513622,0.00007701838,0.00009767597],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989475,0.0001118337,0.0005331638,0.0002975778,0.00008488955,0.00002504094],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001857766,0.000447047,0.1239564,0.0002850094,0.0009268796,0.000007979012,0.001167796,0.004084069,0.000003308968,0.8013942,0.06498672,0.002554787],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008695634,0.0003916137,0.7269775,0.00101243,0.0003749969,0.000006598937,0.0001224679,0.02015549,0.0001327928,0.08680691,0.162673,0.000476646],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9606974,0.005561893,0.0005061081,0.01130595,0.0003318778,0.0002087333,0.0002620902,0.000003018137,0.02112295],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.991953,0.003725493,0.00003683297,0.004079906,0.00005791079,0.000006267264,0.00001974929,0.000002843364,0.0001180327],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7145873,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3795661,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2790110130","doi":"10.1016/j.irfa.2018.04.001","title":"Long memory in financial markets: A heterogeneous agent model perspective","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Review of Financial Analysis","topic":"Complex Systems and Time Series Analysis","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality; Queen's University; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Queen's University Belfast","keywords":"Stylized fact; Capital asset pricing model; Economics; Financial market; Rational expectations; Rational agent; Agent-based model; Asset (computer security); Financial economics; Efficient-market hypothesis; Microeconomics; Econometrics; Computer science; Finance; Stock market; Macroeconomics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02209129109969941,"gpt":0.2627185905902139,"spread":0.2406272994905144,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007723556,0.0001990705,0.001058166,0.0008591147,0.00006228782,0.00002759654,0.0004772971,0.00007617819,0.002782066],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001091736,0.0002158073,0.0007531003,0.002248336,0.00009921794,0.0001572534,0.0001270515,0.0001118241,0.0001748753],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003412499,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009747512,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00216607,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002500631,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977142,0.00003208023,0.001328847,0.0005320305,0.0001553415,0.0002374935],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981815,0.00002431684,0.0007317317,0.0003899175,0.000608269,0.00006431597],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004139365,0.00137593,0.1486914,0.002017125,0.005688019,0.0001527292,0.001996451,0.008186948,0.00002647545,0.787402,0.01069519,0.03335373],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001832189,0.0003185137,0.4005488,0.00349407,0.001548272,0.00002438685,0.000111828,0.4496723,0.0001327774,0.06144893,0.07893027,0.001937743],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4247378,0.2431048,0.1301381,0.006001417,0.002441391,0.001818455,0.002332523,0.00009918364,0.1893263],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9882166,0.008141614,0.0006365466,0.0007985042,0.0002721201,0.00004628675,0.00004579848,0.00001442536,0.001828113],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7259531,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9981295,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391319428","doi":"10.1016/j.irfa.2024.103105","title":"Accrual and real earnings management by rumored takeover targets","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Review of Financial Analysis","topic":"Auditing, Earnings Management, Governance","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal; Concordia University","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council","keywords":"Accrual; Rumor; Earnings management; Earnings; Economics; Accounting; Econometrics; Business; Political science; Law","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.005232307589896549,"gpt":0.2359971804431398,"spread":0.2307648728532433,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005547219,0.0002178872,0.0004353136,0.0004580855,0.00007487306,0.0001845191,0.000406423,0.00004148802,0.001133294],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002615887,0.0002032776,0.0002561545,0.001907764,0.00006625832,0.0006905049,0.0003701777,0.0001443228,0.0001798923],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000628656,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001788574,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006243243,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004192251,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980295,0.0000122102,0.0005583254,0.0004788764,0.0007035765,0.0002174869],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9963815,0.00003759608,0.003102662,0.0001865809,0.0002755723,0.00001610829],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003075188,0.0001030105,0.0596352,0.008826103,0.002216659,0.0001218469,0.00005106005,0.00004513578,0.0001090562,0.1253537,0.2582464,0.5452611],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001275018,0.000005603092,0.1381339,0.001774838,0.001163903,6.871381e-7,0.000009399219,0.00123398,0.000008385812,0.0003369376,0.8569978,0.0002070771],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2672225,0.09721476,0.2722798,0.02062503,0.004006132,0.002411965,0.0003662583,0.0008795686,0.334994],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9258069,0.05647484,0.0005699054,0.004231134,0.0009486905,0.00007805241,0.0004856432,0.00004640699,0.01135841],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6585844,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997798,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3192047975","doi":"10.1016/j.irfa.2021.101868","title":"Do currency exchange rates impact gold prices? New evidence from the ongoing COVID-19 period","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Review of Financial Analysis","topic":"Market Dynamics and Volatility","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Economics; Monetary economics; Liberian dollar; Exchange rate; Gold as an investment; Currency; Gold standard (test); Distributed lag; International economics; Econometrics; Finance; Medicine; Internal medicine","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06095857146861066,"gpt":0.3441948023718632,"spread":0.2832362309032526,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00126443,0.000169397,0.0006999898,0.0001514877,0.00007157656,0.0001072798,0.0006206345,0.00005927408,0.009715878],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01125268,0.0001399662,0.0006685247,0.001722719,0.00003605603,0.0002463306,0.0001700353,0.0001544657,0.0000474124],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002897691,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000468678,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006980119,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001623758,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998195,0.00005901898,0.0009486616,0.0004738989,0.0001547296,0.0001687008],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978148,0.0003555309,0.000861345,0.0005114859,0.0003286997,0.0001281731],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000177103,0.00007148892,0.9593491,0.0004400688,0.0006864283,0.00000936483,0.0003048356,0.00003546249,0.000004254841,0.01015427,0.009685473,0.01924155],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002840141,0.00003053349,0.7905425,0.001735435,0.0004562685,0.000003297396,0.00001940179,0.01819328,0.000005326405,0.01832646,0.1700307,0.0003727716],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1853065,0.7476435,0.03602127,0.02196358,0.0009574971,0.0004282414,0.002596214,0.00002420062,0.005059008],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7103177,0.2825989,0.001321013,0.003044579,0.0005277454,0.00003652976,0.000470025,0.00001627875,0.001667286],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5250112,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996325,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2561800371","doi":"10.1016/j.irfa.2016.12.003","title":"Limited attention by lenders and small business debt financing: Advertising as attention grabber","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Review of Financial Analysis","topic":"Corporate Finance and Governance","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba; University of Ottawa","funders":"Peking University; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Business; Debt; Finance; Financial system","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01233111200105404,"gpt":0.2269411683117515,"spread":0.2146100563106974,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003393882,0.0001983847,0.0004341961,0.0003101688,0.00008479121,0.00005329855,0.0002499969,0.00006372955,0.0001629807],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00103916,0.0001531608,0.0002366875,0.001999535,0.00006681876,0.0008845857,0.0000944928,0.00006010837,0.00008175452],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000579616,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000451504,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00128694,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004162654,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984382,0.00001341007,0.0005821257,0.0003876986,0.00039059,0.0001879094],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977928,0.00003200417,0.0008352,0.0001999741,0.00112622,0.00001385084],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001109346,0.0002055314,0.6284257,0.002161687,0.0004715071,0.00002139838,0.000006401923,0.00001145227,0.005150114,0.01931722,0.02430754,0.3198106],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004788385,0.000008416187,0.9001858,0.003976484,0.0007595664,0.000002175134,0.000002743358,0.0001872565,0.00004251627,0.0009463344,0.09316282,0.0002471077],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9509835,0.007412347,0.02833593,0.009983078,0.0005568982,0.0003096239,0.00007130745,0.00005147621,0.002295892],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9746926,0.02048931,0.0001197439,0.002468565,0.000249025,0.0000250036,0.0001742035,0.00001720594,0.001764379],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3195635,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6245714,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392663493","doi":"10.1016/j.irfa.2024.103158","title":"Bursting the bitcoin bubble: Do market prices reflect fundamental bitcoin value?","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Review of Financial Analysis","topic":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"York University","keywords":"Economics; Explosive material; Cointegration; Value (mathematics); Econometrics; Marginal cost; Market price; Economic bubble; Monetary economics; Microeconomics; Computer science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009241346406243118,"gpt":0.2943614809273126,"spread":0.2851201345210695,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001202397,0.0001378541,0.000308929,0.0003550438,0.000124402,0.00011779,0.001537665,0.00006348854,0.0002119213],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004584386,0.00009513773,0.0003233567,0.004469379,0.0001005409,0.0001762439,0.0003209636,0.0002207478,0.00003362154],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007948341,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001467461,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001089552,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003663844,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983818,0.00006543355,0.0005230385,0.0004103276,0.0004595219,0.0001598705],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987755,0.0001906459,0.0002120526,0.0005208522,0.0002708393,0.00003005415],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002562301,0.00007034872,0.001004705,0.0004149724,0.000535503,0.00001385172,0.0001057734,0.00001987396,0.00007743158,0.7426494,0.01214158,0.242964],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001505239,0.00007601351,0.02094329,0.003487673,0.001076419,0.00005523581,0.00002459135,0.1776067,0.0005852302,0.04342724,0.7520895,0.0004776219],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.02348619,0.2638628,0.6193655,0.06145373,0.001541264,0.00101792,0.0001453818,0.0005586389,0.02856859],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9500516,0.02745225,0.01923089,0.002053107,0.000233047,0.0001859615,0.00003173797,0.00001249038,0.000748935],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9265654,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3879604,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391544797","doi":"10.1016/j.irfa.2024.103106","title":"Non-standard errors in the cryptocurrency world","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Review of Financial Analysis","topic":"Benford’s Law and Fraud Detection","field":"Mathematics","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"Narodowe Centrum Nauki","keywords":"Cryptocurrency; Computer science; Computer security","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02709059837307037,"gpt":0.3514883862123474,"spread":0.324397787839277,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008843628,0.0001048517,0.0003457727,0.0004276465,0.00002682589,0.00002967605,0.0003218706,0.00003232615,0.0005709013],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006465681,0.00006895324,0.000392369,0.00306566,0.0000319916,0.0001095467,0.00002871201,0.000176662,0.00002655592],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006778067,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008441314,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007848615,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001011584,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986421,0.00004032084,0.0005588516,0.0001696169,0.0004880747,0.0001010315],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993001,0.0001399481,0.0001302981,0.0001972046,0.0002155937,0.00001685288],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003010812,0.0001443735,0.003138228,0.003766636,0.0006549246,0.00004135938,0.000420382,0.00001637148,0.00001700469,0.7554371,0.04389472,0.1924388],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002852254,0.00009763488,0.02108353,0.01206489,0.002695336,0.000009975647,0.00003963489,0.004586266,0.0002009636,0.1611694,0.7973638,0.0004033139],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1786208,0.1961777,0.2339635,0.03513507,0.01042951,0.004507151,0.0009724898,0.0003868318,0.3398069],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9867823,0.009194343,0.001658569,0.0006716004,0.00031366,0.0001067683,0.00004599427,0.00001312891,0.001213613],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8081616,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6250969,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2000313611","doi":"10.1016/j.irfa.2014.05.009","title":"Corporate yield spreads and real interest rates","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Review of Financial Analysis","topic":"Credit Risk and Financial Regulations","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Bond; Economics; Corporate bond; Credit spread (options); Interest rate; Yield (engineering); Yield curve; Financial economics; Bond market; Bond valuation; Monetary economics; Econometrics; Inflation (cosmology); Finance","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05415644786401687,"gpt":0.2694276525444835,"spread":0.2152712046804667,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005918258,0.0001255102,0.0006182169,0.0003575779,0.00005034943,0.00002715081,0.0002341174,0.0000630033,0.0004156386],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00189799,0.0001302833,0.0002398887,0.0009188912,0.00008644101,0.0001368994,0.00006884008,0.00008202926,0.00006873203],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003299746,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002477964,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006957146,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004049421,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987007,0.00001422985,0.0008053736,0.0002925232,0.00006377007,0.0001234375],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986024,0.00007917584,0.0008007085,0.0002265152,0.0002331311,0.00005801735],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008037345,0.00004038976,0.3306893,0.0001356984,0.0001472208,9.100311e-7,0.00002502755,0.000008901146,0.00001408644,0.6517831,0.001581541,0.01556577],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001290808,0.00004413598,0.9018674,0.0004492274,0.0001530255,0.000001292211,0.000002356678,0.001888827,0.00003945106,0.02061017,0.07463604,0.0001789689],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8537497,0.03038063,0.04873184,0.004324909,0.001418295,0.0004193529,0.0008025815,0.00005316686,0.06011952],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9607835,0.03745232,0.0005603507,0.0001941869,0.0002131082,0.00001626853,0.0001049133,0.000008280783,0.0006670862],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.631173,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.53128,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4393058652","doi":"10.1016/j.irfa.2024.103218","title":"Cryptocurrency anomalies and economic constraints","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Review of Financial Analysis","topic":"Financial Markets and Investment Strategies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"Narodowym Centrum Nauki; Narodowe Centrum Nauki","keywords":"Cryptocurrency; Economics; Natural resource economics; Financial economics; Computer science; Computer security","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01871157257579551,"gpt":0.2605923241762232,"spread":0.2418807516004277,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004084537,0.000127111,0.0005121034,0.0004058981,0.00003194005,0.0000682606,0.0001823401,0.00004536785,0.002635252],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002707428,0.0001281383,0.0002542688,0.0004955292,0.0001665518,0.0002663189,0.00004694015,0.00007423689,0.0001643153],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005760803,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007846038,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001816852,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002930921,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987727,0.000009402001,0.0007318099,0.0003198818,0.00004687654,0.000119303],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995123,0.00003723844,0.0002177425,0.0001342394,0.00006028043,0.00003817669],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002459266,0.00001511383,0.01384817,0.0006746682,0.0002986701,0.000003805429,0.00002650566,0.00000288479,0.000001843366,0.9672176,0.003118601,0.01478971],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001987084,0.00008159361,0.2355188,0.0024137,0.0004462967,0.000008102594,0.00001264202,0.003561586,0.00002655319,0.1269492,0.6303001,0.0004827204],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.07467175,0.6208326,0.005185393,0.005011526,0.00296383,0.0004578109,0.002228183,0.00008040181,0.2885686],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8670725,0.1310249,0.0005040109,0.0005052068,0.0001746863,0.00003012564,0.00007972031,0.000009483048,0.0005993443],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8402683,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9982765,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4322761367","doi":"10.1016/j.irfa.2023.102611","title":"The destabilizing effect of mutual fund herding: Evidence from China","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Review of Financial Analysis","topic":"Financial Markets and Investment Strategies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Brock University","funders":"Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality; National Office for Philosophy and Social Sciences; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Herding; Mutual fund; Endogeneity; Volatility (finance); Economics; Herd behavior; Stock (firearms); China; Monetary economics; Systematic risk; Target date fund; Stock market; Financial economics; Closed-end fund; Business; Open-end fund; Finance; Institutional investor; Econometrics; Corporate governance; Market liquidity; Geography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04360923268007104,"gpt":0.293323807006179,"spread":0.2497145743261079,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001761755,0.0001411663,0.000710632,0.0002547083,0.00009564336,0.00003413461,0.0005306765,0.00004834044,0.000293669],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004860068,0.0001080752,0.0004887666,0.001965765,0.0001230013,0.0002217015,0.0001078642,0.00009343649,0.00009512479],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000055701,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004412661,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009409104,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009312426,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983522,0.00005430121,0.0009926482,0.0002840875,0.0001472299,0.0001695249],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981972,0.0005537034,0.0007706192,0.0003077437,0.000138794,0.00003193085],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000153933,0.0000672157,0.6468689,0.001626219,0.001426181,0.000008512699,0.0002794701,0.000191879,0.0001752805,0.2973073,0.007949932,0.04394517],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001873454,0.0001495554,0.9515522,0.00221106,0.0002917011,3.043227e-7,0.00001087017,0.002661024,0.0003723127,0.01076424,0.03159554,0.0002039143],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8964193,0.09030659,0.0005805008,0.001606115,0.0008221075,0.0003158878,0.0003062692,0.00002710799,0.009616056],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9094374,0.08989131,0.00008988235,0.00006442324,0.0001080582,0.00003696702,0.00005123536,0.000008276969,0.0003125024],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3046832,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5818306,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4403961852","doi":"10.1016/j.irfa.2024.103722","title":"Systemic risk effects of climate transition on financial stability","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Review of Financial Analysis","topic":"Market Dynamics and Volatility","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Bank of Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Systemic risk; Financial stability; Transition (genetics); Climate change; Economics; Stability (learning theory); Financial system; Business; Natural resource economics; Financial economics; Monetary economics; Financial crisis; Computer science; Chemistry; Macroeconomics; Ecology; Biology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008965846287103106,"gpt":0.2394871295601704,"spread":0.2305212832730673,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001509381,0.0001434275,0.0007975492,0.0003974605,0.00003249353,0.00001716395,0.000225596,0.00007855134,0.0004274464],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001809654,0.0001424537,0.0006989932,0.001222544,0.00004487786,0.0001089311,0.00002959743,0.0001527401,0.00002798055],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001208698,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005608298,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002634817,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005316574,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981167,0.00005934288,0.001172264,0.0003886172,0.0001261734,0.0001368678],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998757,0.0001855611,0.0005285665,0.000289728,0.000202728,0.00003641476],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002251958,0.0007797147,0.2430643,0.05901957,0.002070799,0.00002221561,0.0004713181,0.0002092774,0.00009789088,0.5976409,0.0006964032,0.09570251],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007231759,0.0003771771,0.6588844,0.01847059,0.002053345,0.000004015708,0.000007611701,0.2614485,0.0003665429,0.03943364,0.01744092,0.0007900732],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8746797,0.07491671,0.03375688,0.0004593911,0.001779423,0.0007065126,0.004581425,0.00004166202,0.009078301],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.937907,0.06162408,0.0001207816,0.0001121538,0.00007670558,0.00002819848,0.0001000467,0.000007586951,0.00002343403],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5582072,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5809096,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4224001363","doi":"10.1016/j.irfa.2022.102127","title":"The role of strategic interactions in risk-taking behavior: A study from asset growth perspective","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Review of Financial Analysis","topic":"Banking stability, regulation, efficiency","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of the Fraser Valley","funders":"","keywords":"Leverage (statistics); Restructuring; Incentive; Strategic complements; Competition (biology); Asset (computer security); Economics; Monetary economics; Business; Microeconomics; Industrial organization; Financial economics; Finance","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03120753069031314,"gpt":0.3047341902747413,"spread":0.2735266595844282,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001337235,0.0001001847,0.0004746766,0.0004358096,0.0001523668,0.00002159588,0.0005151104,0.00001478485,0.000846345],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001780013,0.00009850441,0.0003045544,0.002019848,0.00005257584,0.0001061394,0.0001312272,0.0002175286,0.000005322114],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000413007,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007029706,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01853229,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004814621,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982045,0.0001281645,0.001053776,0.0003264153,0.0001798856,0.0001072631],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9969717,0.0001846433,0.002173133,0.0002922719,0.0003628775,0.00001535926],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001021526,0.000592572,0.8434515,0.00001032861,0.0002152989,8.011788e-7,0.0005866227,0.0003246919,0.000002849043,0.1533452,0.000006691535,0.001453242],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001402078,0.00004675314,0.9383563,0.00004407458,0.0002049839,3.368907e-7,0.001053686,0.002985401,0.000004287712,0.05647878,0.0005961407,0.00008903511],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9754555,0.018962,0.0001978957,0.0002040746,0.0002510314,0.0003662761,0.0008773584,0.000006071708,0.00367976],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978514,0.001795392,0.00008347323,0.00001846661,0.00003105259,0.0001443126,0.00004563804,0.000006126696,0.0000240885],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.09686641,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9880034,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408665720","doi":"10.1016/j.irfa.2025.104133","title":"Earning quality and climate risk: The case of European firms","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Review of Financial Analysis","topic":"Auditing, Earnings Management, Governance","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Quality (philosophy); Business; Climate risk; Climate change; Economics; Natural resource economics; Environmental science; Geology; Oceanography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01194329613222811,"gpt":0.284341840115596,"spread":0.2723985439833679,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002190291,0.0001108212,0.0003573169,0.0002201964,0.0001323068,0.00004885094,0.0003364444,0.00001593077,0.0001603679],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02141693,0.0000832701,0.0002119025,0.001525154,0.0000829483,0.0002161168,0.0004092911,0.0001274802,0.00001818115],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001654972,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001356722,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001922421,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004387607,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987252,0.00006969195,0.0006512384,0.0002143437,0.0002274454,0.0001120717],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9898975,0.00009995628,0.009284835,0.0002215392,0.0004913809,0.000004816266],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001642361,0.00004536496,0.3571339,0.003120635,0.0005661135,0.00004146733,0.00002986263,0.0001729855,0.00001167404,0.1131578,0.001901793,0.523802],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001599319,0.000003213984,0.833833,0.001607282,0.001370084,0.000001408873,0.00003110733,0.001510154,0.000005146644,0.0004809969,0.160888,0.0001096443],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7933767,0.01444014,0.09173431,0.005187499,0.0004867129,0.0005146643,0.00008541997,0.00005757414,0.09411692],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9889045,0.008830822,0.0001313387,0.001660166,0.0001569739,0.000006404218,0.00002146902,0.0000061282,0.0002821738],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5236924,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9868261,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4382561827","doi":"10.1016/j.irfa.2023.102776","title":"The improvement of legal system, entrepreneur immigration, and corporate cash holdings","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Review of Financial Analysis","topic":"Corporate Finance and Governance","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Instrumental variable; Cash; Immigration; Business; Matching (statistics); China; Cash management; Propensity score matching; Monetary economics; Economics; Finance; Law; Econometrics; Political science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01105994588742234,"gpt":0.2216686236689824,"spread":0.21060867778156,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005822162,0.0001070189,0.000320211,0.0001837667,0.00008530923,0.00005364382,0.0002653263,0.00002194561,0.0000215582],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003829862,0.0000780636,0.0001736313,0.002210591,0.00005669958,0.0003248431,0.0001106562,0.00004683557,0.0000274347],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002255426,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004186809,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001335227,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004261174,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987244,0.000006378419,0.0005748807,0.0001949441,0.0003878772,0.0001115294],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9975956,0.00003447806,0.001344476,0.0001877513,0.0008311773,0.000006505951],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009507762,0.00008942001,0.4035007,0.00656666,0.0008567616,0.00003935475,0.00003051692,0.0002496099,0.001734064,0.4412377,0.04069209,0.104908],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003560725,0.00002262002,0.7979741,0.002662709,0.001095156,0.00000159899,0.00004762908,0.007059124,0.0003456899,0.001064963,0.1891299,0.0002403628],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9860967,0.007253997,0.0005477399,0.003752762,0.0006301113,0.000368303,0.00009298442,0.00004457235,0.001212833],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9807919,0.01778593,0.00001150484,0.0004280766,0.0002133702,0.00002888642,0.0000637532,0.000006053158,0.0006705328],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4401728,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3183341,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4319022798","doi":"10.1016/j.irfa.2023.102493","title":"Taxing bitcoin: Incentivizing the difficulty adjustment mechanism to reduce electricity usage","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Review of Financial Analysis","topic":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"York University","keywords":"Electricity; Commodity; Economics; Microeconomics; Subsidy; Economic rent; Payment; Industrial organization; Monetary economics; Market economy; Finance","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0143341016785252,"gpt":0.2827817364805467,"spread":0.2684476348020214,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007871736,0.0001099114,0.0002883972,0.0003728613,0.0001404897,0.00002521107,0.001514772,0.00004742576,0.00002222009],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006061329,0.00008005174,0.0002248117,0.007338057,0.00002958719,0.00008343402,0.0004441554,0.0001393135,0.00005893012],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007812095,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006741934,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008899058,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004843879,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985759,0.00005735254,0.0004102335,0.0003408953,0.0004310041,0.000184641],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987552,0.00007781917,0.0002293567,0.0005112035,0.0003877982,0.00003863369],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000223131,0.00009417074,0.0002628313,0.00009442615,0.000255565,0.000004912734,0.000136243,0.0000848934,0.001784316,0.7921951,0.004867855,0.2002175],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007485505,0.0002556544,0.2939939,0.003375532,0.001786044,0.0000272645,0.00006963407,0.3073098,0.03902952,0.133411,0.2184075,0.001585698],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.07720684,0.00470552,0.8872485,0.02894104,0.0004381396,0.0007033556,0.00003641769,0.000246251,0.00047399],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9803231,0.009959378,0.006923621,0.002229561,0.00009332265,0.0002290817,0.00002717039,0.000005332704,0.0002094344],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9031163,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3525693,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392582586","doi":"10.1016/j.irfa.2024.103174","title":"Cybersecurity data breaches and internal control","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Review of Financial Analysis","topic":"Information and Cyber Security","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Dismissal; Control (management); Data breach; Business; Internal control; Accounting; Mechanism (biology); Computer security; Internet privacy; Computer science; Law; Audit","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01420586608241174,"gpt":0.2894759810033377,"spread":0.275270114920926,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007049398,0.00009286938,0.0002695084,0.00023154,0.0000278343,0.0001214616,0.00118689,0.00002947303,0.0001155416],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003374249,0.00007671225,0.0001356981,0.0009404705,0.0000426118,0.0009210609,0.000351075,0.0001092123,0.00002963082],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002429432,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001030034,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001765833,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006801925,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988115,0.00003796264,0.0004321844,0.0002641411,0.0003650157,0.00008923151],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990922,0.00004801565,0.0001187852,0.0004277796,0.00026735,0.00004585447],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004389619,0.00004925542,0.001223307,0.001031441,0.000882079,0.00001870728,0.0004892382,0.000003856364,0.000008467693,0.5701415,0.01548197,0.4106658],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003081909,0.00003283841,0.03112927,0.002917666,0.0009179889,0.00004276701,0.0000108622,0.461131,0.00004972622,0.003871821,0.4992644,0.0003234491],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.002198832,0.06965628,0.9033056,0.008885685,0.001236036,0.0002231471,0.0004274419,0.0001197304,0.01394717],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9761515,0.01734499,0.003215513,0.002795546,0.0001398556,0.00000892898,0.0001484821,0.000003567235,0.0001915776],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9739527,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3128235,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4409034766","doi":"10.1016/j.irfa.2025.104203","title":"Economic policy uncertainty, information production, and transparency","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Review of Financial Analysis","topic":"Market Dynamics and Volatility","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Lixin Accounting Research Institute","keywords":"Transparency (behavior); Production (economics); Economics; Natural resource economics; Business; Computer science; Microeconomics; Computer security","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008794877860293227,"gpt":0.2583927301166212,"spread":0.249597852256328,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005755254,0.00008368064,0.000407122,0.0006214498,0.00003819227,0.00002195544,0.0001728106,0.00003849573,0.0003176274],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001271093,0.00009124804,0.0001637637,0.000866542,0.00004106587,0.000266924,0.00003301332,0.00005455935,0.00001291687],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001259167,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001026515,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001246023,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003820148,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988394,0.00001051882,0.0008527838,0.0001808861,0.00003616022,0.00008021792],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992359,0.00001681141,0.0003799389,0.0001788041,0.0001653924,0.00002321344],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001420553,0.0000305623,0.2529354,0.0008650321,0.0003956321,1.225439e-7,0.00004716664,0.0001497849,4.821365e-7,0.7189453,0.00177461,0.02484163],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002569371,0.00002128765,0.5696075,0.0009329295,0.0002661222,0.000001051301,0.000007182221,0.0461321,0.000006616912,0.08766841,0.2948379,0.0002619406],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3282194,0.08853422,0.1025568,0.07752359,0.004441099,0.002018867,0.004565906,0.0001008578,0.3920392],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9593589,0.03871268,0.0002340987,0.0008037187,0.00006611941,0.00002387019,0.0001382684,0.000002242983,0.0006601309],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6312769,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3720987,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4388785124","doi":"10.1016/j.irfa.2023.103038","title":"A Bayesian approach for the determinants of bitcoin returns","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Review of Financial Analysis","topic":"Market Dynamics and Volatility","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Econometrics; Bayesian probability; Economics; Cryptocurrency; Leverage (statistics); Estimator; Frequentist inference; Lasso (programming language); Volatility (finance); Stochastic volatility; Bayesian inference; Computer science; Statistics; Machine learning; Mathematics; Artificial intelligence","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03211722607938833,"gpt":0.2867288689976902,"spread":0.2546116429183019,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001527335,0.00008708433,0.000573207,0.0002887863,0.00003940839,0.000009245355,0.0004171001,0.000042535,0.0001919893],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001717577,0.00007057274,0.00053783,0.001645304,0.00004689776,0.00005340304,0.00006065614,0.00005254589,0.000004724079],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002614846,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000306177,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001861864,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001051393,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986812,0.00001341097,0.0008877642,0.0002224843,0.00007887639,0.0001162886],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986545,0.0001356149,0.00067103,0.0002905852,0.000225985,0.00002226205],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004238835,0.000141208,0.8851814,0.00266091,0.000927283,0.000001072276,0.000101372,0.0001505596,0.00000326668,0.07738022,0.003317682,0.03009262],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001324696,0.00001958461,0.1890728,0.0001798484,0.0001917631,3.567652e-7,0.000006787892,0.7869493,0.000007698288,0.006691394,0.01664702,0.0001009261],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1822787,0.07227373,0.6813805,0.0056134,0.002163533,0.003646471,0.01093024,0.00008956512,0.04162391],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9814774,0.01566405,0.001574943,0.0001863818,0.00006841579,0.00008893293,0.0001471017,0.000008516266,0.0007842266],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7991987,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2877873,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}