{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":4,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":4,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"00c955f0aa61","filters":{"venue":"Introduction to Basics of Pharmacology and Toxicology"}},"results":[{"id":"W3136611282","doi":"10.1007/978-981-33-6009-9_26","title":"Drugs Used in Heart Failure","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Introduction to Basics of Pharmacology and Toxicology","topic":"Heart Failure Treatment and Management","field":"Medicine","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Lambda Therapeutic Research","funders":"","keywords":"Heart failure; Medicine; Inotrope; Afterload; Preload; Internal medicine; Cardiology; Dobutamine; Milrinone; Hydralazine; Digoxin; Isosorbide dinitrate; Pharmacology; Hemodynamics; Blood pressure","authors":[{"name":"Neel Jayesh Shah","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0141666065955046,"gpt":0.2934858372488315,"spread":0.2793192306533269,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027233,0.0002791667,0.0008513665,0.0005116139,0.00004029119,0.000005085133,0.0000561268,0.0004714047,0.004276928],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002849717,0.000286563,0.0001149013,0.00008538558,0.0001840962,0.00004357811,0.0001133615,0.0005117665,0.00008976719],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001311622,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001585808,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006826032,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006602835,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984699,0.00006581467,0.0004460224,0.0006002544,0.0001435339,0.0002744616],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993064,0.00009257407,0.0001131249,0.000217227,0.0001352266,0.0001354456],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007857639,0.0005914758,0.001170212,0.0004022097,0.001015624,0.000289405,0.0004063015,0.0000301991,0.05043579,0.07609273,0.8628153,0.005964967],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002013978,0.0007885696,0.0003046874,0.00004147745,0.0004477069,0.0001044194,0.00004841026,0.000003580772,0.01205475,0.0006406343,0.9833682,0.0001836583],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.05419103,0.001583583,0.00008550419,0.9029011,0.00486547,0.003293859,0.00004351756,0.0001245293,0.0329114],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.1778449,0.001173704,0.01086431,0.01725598,0.009706368,0.0003097847,0.0004281307,0.0001861275,0.7822306],"genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8856452,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999586,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4230805293","doi":"10.1007/978-981-32-9779-1_12","title":"Drug Interactions","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Introduction to Basics of Pharmacology and Toxicology","topic":"Pharmacogenetics and Drug Metabolism","field":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Lambda Therapeutic Research; Brampton Civic Hospital","funders":"","keywords":"Drug; Pharmacology; Drug interaction; Pharmacokinetics; In vivo; Pharmacodynamics; Polypharmacy; Chemistry; Medicine; Biology","authors":[{"name":"Heta Shah","is_ca":true},{"name":"Neel Jayesh Shah","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0508703246205531,"gpt":0.3932708450028266,"spread":0.3424005203822735,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009932044,0.0007870974,0.001330967,0.0009162729,0.0002694026,0.0000168565,0.0005599809,0.0008627566,0.02108189],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008170592,0.0008693029,0.0003116981,0.0001490482,0.0007627545,0.000150553,0.0004998654,0.002606551,0.001414764],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001464982,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003625861,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007493141,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003041345,"domain_scores_codex":[0.996204,0.0003827832,0.0011654,0.001245035,0.0002603843,0.0007423948],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9971053,0.0007033609,0.0007478163,0.0004483606,0.0005023124,0.0004928771],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001584185,0.0005064421,0.0001906485,0.0002981601,0.002015956,0.00005836742,0.0006331098,0.00133455,0.2179469,0.1653813,0.5609829,0.04906741],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0016888,0.0002479617,0.00007689853,0.00001710465,0.001230198,0.000143462,0.00002367535,0.0001508059,0.06936667,0.005100478,0.9213029,0.000651089],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.05310487,0.01127034,0.0003993126,0.08575834,0.09778082,0.005399809,0.001722546,0.0004592065,0.7441047],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.1225118,0.005790601,0.000713007,0.01496587,0.01437281,0.0001587859,0.0002208298,0.0002562305,0.8410101],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3603199,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996945,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2986234441","doi":"10.1007/978-981-32-9779-1_25","title":"Principles of Prescription Writing","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Introduction to Basics of Pharmacology and Toxicology","topic":"Academic Writing and Publishing","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Brampton Civic Hospital","funders":"","keywords":"Medical prescription; Cosmetics; Legislation; Government (linguistics); Brand names; Medicine; Prescription drug; Family medicine; Advertising; Business; Pharmacology; Political science; Law","authors":[{"name":"Heta Shah","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03532490624291119,"gpt":0.2674037799426542,"spread":0.232078873699743,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000602491,0.0002159984,0.0005347589,0.0003304521,0.000115692,0.00002104217,0.0001865306,0.0004039628,0.003226486],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008760979,0.0002274141,0.00008598703,0.0000143655,0.000505485,0.0001881454,0.0001407871,0.0006426261,0.00002845722],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003636567,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009512791,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001385791,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002268537,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985169,0.00006288051,0.0006717881,0.0004004649,0.0001367865,0.0002112176],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986729,0.0002044273,0.0005863735,0.0001406821,0.0003412805,0.00005431285],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001080362,0.00003342446,0.00004665898,0.0002717732,0.0001448834,0.000001342138,0.001796227,0.00006984187,0.006349316,0.9396569,0.04830563,0.003216008],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003125247,0.0003291352,0.00002837825,0.00005251992,0.0001811882,0.00001486223,0.0002109442,0.00002672254,0.002689388,0.003730283,0.9922359,0.0001881383],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.02111981,0.001591747,0.00008361134,0.02025572,0.01039046,0.0009006944,0.0002766835,0.0000984396,0.9452828],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.1944145,0.0005078714,0.0003015789,0.001475359,0.02230983,0.00002426241,0.0001067045,0.00007758435,0.7807823],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9439303,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9976847,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4415782015","doi":"10.1007/978-981-95-1920-0_24","title":"Regulation of Healthcare Products by the United States Food and Drug Administration and Health Canada","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Introduction to Basics of Pharmacology and Toxicology","topic":"Biomedical Ethics and Regulation","field":"Medicine","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Food and drug administration; Medical prescription; Health care; Harmonization; Prescription drug; Government (linguistics); Legislation; Public health","authors":[{"name":"Neel Jayesh Shah","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01874031505103233,"gpt":0.3135626557906984,"spread":0.294822340739666,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005415954,0.000163307,0.000434569,0.0001943698,0.0001245999,0.000003562299,0.00003983171,0.0002904529,0.00003606039],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004087015,0.0001312771,0.00001694617,0.0001053315,0.0007902443,0.00002219567,0.00004904963,0.000427112,8.14705e-8],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009263136,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001143176,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006041529,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02542821,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987413,0.0001031873,0.0004807575,0.0003660313,0.0001664445,0.0001422251],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988608,0.0001319185,0.0003692442,0.000128081,0.0003939034,0.0001160724],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00125857,0.0001644677,0.0001250807,0.004046357,0.0006933367,0.000002971884,0.0008809767,0.0000273743,0.01180822,0.249213,0.6714389,0.06034084],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001411561,0.00292392,0.002355151,0.0001483714,0.0003643494,0.0001137312,0.0001321524,0.0001957898,0.01699363,0.009799697,0.9653682,0.0001935014],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.02137938,0.00412405,0.00006492205,0.9719738,0.0009930023,0.001054907,0.000215275,0.00001163544,0.0001830598],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.958654,0.006049766,0.0002674294,0.01234596,0.001128268,0.00002803289,0.001372504,0.00002640382,0.02012768],"genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9596278,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9923552,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}