{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":13,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":13,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"6cdfb2d96396","filters":{"venue":"Journal for Peace and Nuclear Disarmament"}},"results":[{"id":"W2792285235","doi":"10.1080/25751654.2018.1438737","title":"India and the Policy of No First Use of Nuclear Weapons","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal for Peace and Nuclear Disarmament","topic":"International Relations and Foreign Policy","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Nuclear weapon; Nuclear ethics; Pledge; Abandonment (legal); Nuclear energy policy; Doctrine; Nuclear power; Government (linguistics); Disarmament; Political science; Arms control; Law; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"Kumar Sundaram","is_ca":false},{"name":"M. V. Ramana","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02630459206661343,"gpt":0.328724829117188,"spread":0.3024202370505746,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003938245,0.00004862142,0.0001018637,0.00007029949,0.0006167882,0.00007521288,0.00009363065,0.00003659564,0.0001421192],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002750712,0.00003237518,0.00006971381,0.00006978189,0.0007085031,0.0001605005,0.00003972897,0.00007218876,0.000007486789],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003555527,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004375289,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006242166,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003699351,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994258,0.00004261893,0.0001816206,0.00005507763,0.0001768611,0.0001179847],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994037,0.0001460281,0.0001666089,0.00005351791,0.0001623153,0.00006786443],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002193469,0.00003870188,0.0005426709,0.00000811758,0.00005123406,1.780008e-7,0.02316635,0.000001045506,0.00005349484,0.963783,0.01111042,0.001025499],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009980486,0.0002422081,0.008028503,0.00005078485,0.00003722067,0.00000712449,0.004575298,0.0002909247,0.000006772606,0.01044015,0.9752589,0.00006404502],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9373664,0.0001303691,0.00001918245,0.008192476,0.0001693446,0.0002764135,0.00004051099,0.000006785227,0.05379858],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9963441,0.001593403,0.0003124882,0.0003538063,0.0004298849,0.000001011124,3.769895e-7,0.000008117529,0.0009567623],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9641485,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4743899,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2944933713","doi":"10.1080/25751654.2019.1621425","title":"Nuclear Submarines in South Asia: New Risks and Dangers","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal for Peace and Nuclear Disarmament","topic":"Nuclear Issues and Defense","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Defence Research and Development Organisation","keywords":"Submarine; Nuclear weapon; Aeronautics; Government (linguistics); Nuclear warfare; Software deployment; Business; Political science; International trade; Engineering; Forensic engineering; Law; Marine engineering","authors":[{"name":"Зиа Миан","is_ca":false},{"name":"M. V. Ramana","is_ca":true},{"name":"A. H. Nayyar","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04402016491868433,"gpt":0.3267095471586666,"spread":0.2826893822399822,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004769404,0.0001134527,0.0001963565,0.00007852155,0.000397539,0.0002920671,0.0001112599,0.00008156148,0.0004163775],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003907157,0.0000992891,0.00007308021,0.00008376107,0.00008780837,0.0002358855,0.00006769032,0.0002092842,0.00007695258],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006610929,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003328083,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006975739,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001930961,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990161,0.00005757214,0.0001908695,0.0001882156,0.0002258084,0.0003213995],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999465,0.00003960473,0.00009818953,0.00008820418,0.00002755745,0.0002814122],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001759064,0.0004091723,0.1522216,0.0001778627,0.0002181496,0.00009339658,0.524236,0.00003985999,0.001195729,0.06515758,0.1237547,0.1307369],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001194309,0.000209688,0.01259125,0.00004883696,0.00002573312,0.00001571514,0.06437363,0.00009569672,0.000001611258,0.0008322912,0.9204386,0.0001726143],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.987452,0.0007380099,0.000001641724,0.003317621,0.000381533,0.0002745507,0.000003034754,0.00002418665,0.007807462],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.993497,0.002196921,0.0004038561,0.0003845548,0.0003333368,7.797242e-7,5.902382e-7,0.00003198517,0.003151032],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.796684,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4559042,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3209885090","doi":"10.1080/25751654.2021.1993632","title":"Does the Conference of Disarmament Have a Future?","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal for Peace and Nuclear Disarmament","topic":"Global Peace and Security Dynamics","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Disarmament; Treaty; Political science; Negotiation; Law and economics; Law; Politics; Compromise; Credibility; State (computer science); Political economy; Sociology","authors":[{"name":"Paul Meyer","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0240100135721212,"gpt":0.3118398027994555,"spread":0.2878297892273343,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005438419,0.0001004441,0.0001746263,0.0000200833,0.0007921138,0.0002553925,0.000202597,0.00005915297,0.0001812882],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006322115,0.00005439136,0.0001501711,0.00006950808,0.0002325549,0.0001578676,0.00007327656,0.0001872572,0.000003479109],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000737,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001182443,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001253007,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001069248,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988475,0.0001323441,0.0002412438,0.0001382793,0.000369019,0.0002715728],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992784,0.00006834366,0.000153227,0.0001236666,0.0002239334,0.0001523941],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004156731,0.001046494,0.006912773,0.0001948156,0.0005033629,0.00006208295,0.3239363,0.00003165845,0.002319387,0.5026574,0.09079666,0.07112341],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003813466,0.00007030462,0.0006821,0.00004014447,0.00005706723,0.00001370117,0.1890159,0.0001671488,0.0000382504,0.003764902,0.8056675,0.0001016994],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9216655,0.002000514,0.0001337512,0.06784311,0.001797343,0.0003706118,0.0000566406,0.00001981397,0.006112695],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9840861,0.01256777,0.0002959727,0.000837962,0.0005969671,0.000004049713,0.00000347182,0.0000110081,0.001596681],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7148708,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.609238,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3024648065","doi":"10.1080/25751654.2020.1760021","title":"Command and Control of India’s Nuclear Arsenal","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal for Peace and Nuclear Disarmament","topic":"Nuclear Issues and Defense","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Command and control; Nuclear weapon; Doctrine; Arms control; Control (management); Nuclear ethics; Political science; Computer security; Engineering; Law; Computer science; Management; Telecommunications; Economics","authors":[{"name":"Lauren Borja","is_ca":false},{"name":"M. V. Ramana","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02740406574272853,"gpt":0.2978943130889861,"spread":0.2704902473462576,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003395534,0.00008686876,0.0002117012,0.00002840297,0.0005061431,0.0001427768,0.00009557352,0.00005489954,0.0001888037],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005954721,0.00007492001,0.00008137078,0.00004986442,0.0002041381,0.0001426811,0.00003951689,0.0001515715,0.00001093992],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001951321,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002015874,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000517877,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000822481,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991789,0.00006916739,0.0002059739,0.0001205267,0.000220749,0.0002047254],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993811,0.00005834387,0.0001350563,0.00004854023,0.00005124257,0.000325705],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.004747794,0.0006467861,0.0126394,0.0004179129,0.0007101026,0.0001086643,0.4690888,0.00002129281,0.01143677,0.1661087,0.2689306,0.0651432],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001543431,0.0004818672,0.001465807,0.00002825815,0.00006222084,0.00001573553,0.02492971,0.0002427372,0.000006798685,0.0004027277,0.9707043,0.0001164461],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9765214,0.001186937,0.00003981397,0.01734233,0.0001782047,0.0002762209,0.00002434357,0.00002549572,0.004405196],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9951481,0.002141972,0.0002991957,0.002002576,0.0003009962,5.860476e-7,4.157307e-7,0.00001926681,0.00008692012],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7017737,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3892894,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4382334482","doi":"10.1080/25751654.2023.2205572","title":"Nuclear Energy and the Non-Proliferation Treaty: A Retrospective Examination","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal for Peace and Nuclear Disarmament","topic":"Nuclear and radioactivity studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Fissile material; Treaty; Nuclear weapon; Nuclear power; Nuclear engineering; Nuclear proliferation; International trade; Political science; Business; Nuclear physics; Engineering; Law; Physics; Neutron","authors":[{"name":"Mycle Schneider","is_ca":false},{"name":"M. V. Ramana","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00837897158288607,"gpt":0.2200940987834512,"spread":0.2117151272005651,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002860648,0.0001071406,0.0001577575,0.0000682313,0.0004974031,0.0001440948,0.00004357882,0.00003723266,0.000009319121],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001655169,0.00007255101,0.00005988519,0.00008689376,0.00007069141,0.0001622743,0.00003033679,0.0001049756,0.000006116296],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006935122,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002387655,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005904439,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000793091,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994682,0.00002763123,0.000122505,0.0001014992,0.0001219552,0.0001582228],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997727,0.00004874575,0.00003440505,0.00006246242,0.00002690923,0.00005482075],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001610647,0.0002496128,0.002030261,0.0004162579,0.002353582,0.00005151583,0.1069025,0.001531516,0.01485927,0.07292361,0.4827567,0.3143146],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01038488,0.0009284393,0.1073727,0.0001492799,0.0004294963,0.000345251,0.02405597,0.3851675,0.000250209,0.004332208,0.4657869,0.0007971437],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9934039,0.000661704,0.0002146548,0.002136076,0.0004861384,0.0002370142,0.00000956107,0.0001514734,0.002699549],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9917779,0.007486152,0.00005208821,0.0000973492,0.0002309507,0.000008461413,0.000001800733,0.00003671524,0.0003085656],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.383636,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3825673,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2940501633","doi":"10.1080/25751654.2019.1610932","title":"“Nothing but a False Sense of Security”: Mapping and Critically Assessing Papal Support for a World Free from Nuclear Weapons","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal for Peace and Nuclear Disarmament","topic":"Nuclear Issues and Defense","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Nuclear weapon; Treaty; Witness; Nuclear ethics; Law; Scholarship; Political science; Nothing; Face (sociological concept); Sign (mathematics); Ground zero; Sociology; Philosophy; Epistemology; Social science","authors":[{"name":"Christopher Hrynkow","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02691352380569803,"gpt":0.3219061283648043,"spread":0.2949926045591063,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008789714,0.0001573559,0.0003529429,0.0001081068,0.0007588454,0.0005436233,0.0001510626,0.0000947276,0.0003420446],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002427293,0.0001482302,0.0001746456,0.00008421983,0.0001799039,0.0004404894,0.000124664,0.0002433202,0.00001116595],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006660114,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005595299,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003101632,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009230079,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984885,0.00009125083,0.0003897199,0.0002634258,0.0003451911,0.0004218857],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988822,0.0003113114,0.0001967737,0.0001620764,0.0001558523,0.0002917849],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002741893,0.001125644,0.007455047,0.001046688,0.0008561112,0.0001603093,0.6928769,0.00001395167,0.06893612,0.122171,0.06961122,0.03300506],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002127759,0.0003515134,0.001080802,0.0003207258,0.0001241349,0.00002820051,0.1495821,0.0008409023,0.00003046853,0.007517098,0.837677,0.000319279],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9905014,0.0003268876,0.0000769945,0.004956517,0.0004383934,0.0004398839,0.00008641597,0.00003378101,0.003139744],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9895655,0.000429201,0.007721398,0.001204731,0.0003994798,0.000002713833,0.00000306338,0.00005152116,0.0006224068],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7680658,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6044651,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2892480502","doi":"10.1080/25751654.2018.1527807","title":"The Twenty Years’ Crisis of Nuclear South Asia, 1998–2018: A Workshop Report","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal for Peace and Nuclear Disarmament","topic":"Nuclear Issues and Defense","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Nuclear weapon; Scope (computer science); Political science; South asia; Nuclear energy policy; Economic growth; Public administration; Geography; History; Nuclear power; Ancient history; Law","authors":[{"name":"Зиа Миан","is_ca":false},{"name":"A. H. Nayyar","is_ca":false},{"name":"M. V. Ramana","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03179683498862507,"gpt":0.3280874781255764,"spread":0.2962906431369513,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001302714,0.0001116731,0.0001930237,0.0000451697,0.001525705,0.0003173804,0.0002526885,0.00008348306,0.0001876645],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001380759,0.0000812768,0.0001887538,0.0001217796,0.0004469066,0.0001527265,0.00009579377,0.0001873549,0.00007930787],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006561127,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004293345,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001545328,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001010531,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985332,0.00009288167,0.0003654252,0.0001867759,0.0004492655,0.000372434],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990416,0.00007657915,0.0003241765,0.0002245309,0.0001095838,0.0002235679],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007258426,0.0002114573,0.0007042343,0.00002240316,0.0002268762,0.00007419199,0.1804447,0.000001509001,0.0002245565,0.01615548,0.7732179,0.02799078],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003097157,0.000191781,0.0007475115,0.00003067916,0.00004973577,0.00004524559,0.09970272,0.00002543167,0.000004275843,0.0007373327,0.8980523,0.0001033321],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9791557,0.0006390892,0.0000197611,0.008934926,0.001439994,0.0003371897,0.00001059238,0.00004385869,0.009418912],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9940845,0.001459644,0.0005511335,0.0004183238,0.001043276,0.000001833439,6.701327e-7,0.00003773465,0.002402867],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1248343,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997742,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3085664660","doi":"10.1080/25751654.2020.1814519","title":"“Permanence with Accountability”: An Elusive Goal of the NPT","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal for Peace and Nuclear Disarmament","topic":"Nuclear Issues and Defense","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Accountability; Disarmament; Treaty; Political science; Transparency (behavior); Plea; Nuclear weapon; Public administration; Law; Law and economics; Sociology","authors":[{"name":"Paul Meyer","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03045534070469344,"gpt":0.3213288465729042,"spread":0.2908735058682107,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002509119,0.00005700024,0.0001225937,0.000009828616,0.0003367928,0.0000454777,0.000174155,0.00002748953,0.0001098338],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003564919,0.00003452434,0.00006349303,0.00007835377,0.000249274,0.0001652424,0.0000407866,0.0001009577,0.000001957191],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002105372,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004589547,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001400822,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007616916,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993055,0.00006127084,0.0001480661,0.00009054909,0.0002686899,0.0001258995],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995303,0.00003059652,0.0001414471,0.00007788422,0.00009074032,0.0001289904],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002897009,0.0006814127,0.02575457,0.0002677692,0.0001981677,0.0000106518,0.8756452,0.0001669092,0.01432181,0.03944843,0.01890721,0.0217009],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001098069,0.001517986,0.01000504,0.00009265479,0.0001060995,0.00001893683,0.1883516,0.0002778034,0.0002774507,0.0005844561,0.7974764,0.0001935676],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9939132,0.0001502256,0.000009683274,0.004441766,0.0000885312,0.0001735172,0.000009318571,0.000006187929,0.001207572],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987792,0.0002582617,0.0002743849,0.0004692725,0.0001503825,6.304159e-7,2.125179e-7,0.00000885614,0.00005882209],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7785692,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2590372,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4381570643","doi":"10.1080/25751654.2023.2219488","title":"Nuclear Threats and Canada’s Disarmament Diplomacy","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal for Peace and Nuclear Disarmament","topic":"Nuclear Issues and Defense","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"University of Ottawa","keywords":"Disarmament; Arms control; Political science; Nuclear weapon; Convention; Government (linguistics); Diplomacy; Law; Public administration; Politics; Philosophy","authors":[{"name":"Paul Meyer","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03379373678616786,"gpt":0.3349448077986871,"spread":0.3011510710125192,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005482389,0.0001543433,0.0002139192,0.00006664239,0.001700458,0.0003740822,0.000150168,0.0000598387,0.0002193633],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004328885,0.0001343651,0.00008152574,0.0001045202,0.0001613127,0.0002064779,0.0001145227,0.0001812568,0.0000427216],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001925357,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001239215,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.04818108,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.05666485,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984954,0.00007208081,0.0002379074,0.0002320758,0.0004587665,0.0005037694],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991804,0.00008474952,0.0001042728,0.0001143405,0.00005505298,0.0004611284],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003833311,0.0001661145,0.003960896,0.00009433443,0.0002166089,0.0001762952,0.06062115,0.00001417037,0.0005082354,0.06339221,0.7984263,0.0720404],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005944078,0.0001270591,0.002559551,0.00003855836,0.00004361443,0.00002609568,0.03513006,0.0001222918,0.000002398034,0.001626692,0.9595346,0.0001947105],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9724801,0.001371027,0.000001974418,0.01752285,0.0006918898,0.0003496665,0.00002571611,0.0001034675,0.007453266],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9750274,0.01873257,0.0001583775,0.00124879,0.0005539942,0.000004158501,0.000003522929,0.00005851305,0.004212713],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1611083,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995992,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4401579804","doi":"10.1080/25751654.2024.2391136","title":"The Limits of Anti-Nuclear Critique in Pakistan","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal for Peace and Nuclear Disarmament","topic":"Global Security and Public Health","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Princeton University","keywords":"Political science; Epistemology; Philosophy","authors":[{"name":"Sadia Tasleem","is_ca":true},{"name":"M. V. Ramana","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03250450711347622,"gpt":0.4034939231093817,"spread":0.3709894159959055,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001739434,0.00005956671,0.0001090291,0.00004263871,0.0006735484,0.0003562035,0.0001460323,0.0000570014,0.00006239582],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006834662,0.00004230526,0.0000731636,0.0001384147,0.0001482743,0.000193237,0.00002005893,0.000224755,0.000006435681],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009951399,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001160673,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006458815,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007116435,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990309,0.0001340593,0.0002390632,0.00009499638,0.0002221962,0.000278801],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995394,0.0001631813,0.00004761991,0.00005323415,0.00004765839,0.0001488999],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006572235,0.0001023076,0.0002649658,0.0001155172,0.00003131093,0.00001608765,0.05173184,0.000002075703,0.0001248015,0.8377049,0.06300754,0.04683294],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001418049,0.0001024326,0.0007569234,0.00009820925,0.000007199468,0.000008187261,0.02771763,0.00009675622,0.000001979338,0.003704964,0.9673108,0.00005308929],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9200664,0.006330912,0.000008103456,0.06144702,0.0008965762,0.0002808406,0.00001878584,0.0000285671,0.01092275],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9792378,0.01983691,0.00004723004,0.0004498168,0.0001975406,0.000001396442,4.107981e-7,0.000009755745,0.0002191722],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9043033,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5180458,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2951769441","doi":"10.1080/25751654.2019.1631696","title":"Cooperative Security and Denuclearizing the Arctic","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal for Peace and Nuclear Disarmament","topic":"Arctic and Russian Policy Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Arctic; Offensive; Political science; Deterrence theory; The arctic; Indigenous; Nuclear weapon; International community; Context (archaeology); International trade; Security community; International security; Political economy; Law; Geography; Business; Engineering; Politics; Sociology; Oceanography; Operations research","authors":[{"name":"Ernie Regehr","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02136255782066001,"gpt":0.319499035818809,"spread":0.298136477998149,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004868968,0.00006965992,0.0001077811,0.000017289,0.001718163,0.0001741749,0.00007817987,0.00003025165,0.00008836181],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006410509,0.00004223295,0.0000437778,0.00003987622,0.000248859,0.0001363813,0.00006152195,0.0001667479,0.000019156],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004922463,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002487424,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002408968,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001126744,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993678,0.00008132568,0.0001035856,0.00009757454,0.0001442397,0.0002054534],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996285,0.0001202443,0.00006292787,0.00004960704,0.00004031891,0.00009837739],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002219355,0.000112172,0.01716469,0.00009421621,0.0003264695,0.000005396867,0.690566,0.000004569374,0.0001572295,0.2088477,0.07136666,0.01113293],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004352873,0.0001593518,0.004648308,0.00004371878,0.00004208246,0.0000195721,0.1544679,0.00008169169,0.000001749674,0.003505587,0.8364897,0.0001051031],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9380848,0.001478295,0.000007927852,0.04938975,0.0003359638,0.000358856,0.000003476233,0.00001370727,0.01032726],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9933402,0.003954329,0.00006286334,0.00111121,0.0002514778,0.000002146013,1.222415e-7,0.000008806862,0.001268878],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.765123,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995815,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3171952730","doi":"10.1080/25751654.2021.1903761","title":"Introduction to 75 <sup>th</sup> Anniversary of the Nagasaki Atomic Bombing Supplement Issue on the Nuclear-Pandemic Nexus Scenarios","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal for Peace and Nuclear Disarmament","topic":"Nuclear Issues and Defense","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Nexus (standard); Pandemic; Nuclear weapon; Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Quarter (Canadian coin); Humanity; Political science; 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak; History; Medicine; Outbreak; Engineering; Law; Virology; Archaeology; Pathology","authors":[{"name":"Peter Hayes","is_ca":false},{"name":"Chung‐in Moon","is_ca":false},{"name":"Tatsujiro Suzuki","is_ca":false},{"name":"Fumihiko Yoshida","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02109111069328241,"gpt":0.2919635747646283,"spread":0.2708724640713459,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008677593,0.0001447238,0.000205376,0.00005041561,0.001519697,0.0002421372,0.0002869946,0.00006861515,0.001592424],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000142284,0.00009597095,0.0001969496,0.0002051867,0.0001494016,0.0001577496,0.0001649952,0.0003176071,0.00007902274],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002323258,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007030657,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001619084,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005314763,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983617,0.0002316944,0.0002967154,0.0002559126,0.0004905757,0.0003633751],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991755,0.00009099117,0.0001660162,0.0002612861,0.0001288574,0.0001773765],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000453586,0.0002655044,0.0004989628,0.00003438337,0.0001504558,0.00001270014,0.1101305,0.000726318,0.002231278,0.02267353,0.8546163,0.008206422],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004326842,0.0001900287,0.0003037226,0.00006667807,0.00005604038,0.00002934951,0.1080711,0.000342078,0.00006171819,0.0004096206,0.8899212,0.0001157762],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9032046,0.0002800349,0.000005005737,0.09334856,0.0008306415,0.0004616779,0.00001781948,0.00002411198,0.001827526],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9896477,0.001171069,0.0002199713,0.003233401,0.002166159,0.000003584734,0.000002131147,0.00004184298,0.003514181],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.09011515,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997802,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4409858064","doi":"10.1080/25751654.2025.2494870","title":"Accidental/Inadvertent Indian Missile Launch and Procedural Arms Control in South Asia","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal for Peace and Nuclear Disarmament","topic":"International Relations and Foreign Policy","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Aeronautics; Missile; Accidental; Arms control; Computer security; Control (management); Operations management; Political science; Business; Engineering; Computer science; Aerospace engineering; Law; Physics; Artificial intelligence","authors":[{"name":"Julian Spencer-Churchill","is_ca":true},{"name":"Nasir Mehmood","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01088756534864572,"gpt":0.3190802987757496,"spread":0.3081927334271039,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002977242,0.00006823189,0.0001027995,0.0001246759,0.0004290655,0.0001691637,0.00008025136,0.00004988589,0.0000726674],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006615151,0.00005773186,0.00004913178,0.00007754683,0.00007221893,0.0001646418,0.00001964508,0.0001345138,0.00000420553],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001412481,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006979953,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001629234,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001587797,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993553,0.00002993889,0.0001732671,0.00009981236,0.0001519592,0.0001897708],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997126,0.00003613188,0.00006997707,0.00003172124,0.00004494454,0.0001046481],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005755367,0.0004151835,0.1088967,0.0001062583,0.0002643342,0.00003469471,0.1653575,0.00003937088,0.0003613468,0.6459433,0.03759902,0.04040679],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006086734,0.0002920972,0.1530772,0.0003562992,0.00009531585,0.00005011341,0.1571558,0.001523712,0.00002075143,0.04844702,0.6325111,0.0003839424],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.969194,0.000587179,0.00007071631,0.01036336,0.0001858,0.00041975,0.00001674876,0.00001175462,0.01915071],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9954288,0.0003092771,0.00007835727,0.001032623,0.0001064601,0.000008374454,0.000001242257,0.000005834158,0.003029017],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5974963,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3300068,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}