{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":16,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":16,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"d8e06df9df21","filters":{"venue":"Journal of African Development"}},"results":[{"id":"W2598702482","doi":"10.5325/jafrideve.18.2.0041","title":"Economic Growth, Health Care Reform, and Child Nutrition in Ghana","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of African Development","topic":"Child Nutrition and Water Access","field":"Nursing","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa; Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Wasting; Underweight; Malnutrition; Economics; Fell; Developing country; Medicine; Development economics; Economic growth; Geography; Body mass index","authors":[{"name":"Jemima A. Frimpong","is_ca":false},{"name":"Dozie Okoye","is_ca":true},{"name":"Roland Pongou","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008924267798268305,"gpt":0.2437723733438872,"spread":0.2348481055456189,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002245994,0.00009751247,0.0002304125,0.0003305784,0.00008254113,0.00003046849,0.0001049994,0.00003420536,0.00001831462],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001054709,0.00006630919,0.00003730322,0.00007302363,0.00002643319,0.0002420716,0.00002617301,0.0001043271,0.000006032589],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001749313,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009076477,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004433309,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002000754,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989852,0.00004464895,0.0005334367,0.0001166624,0.0001297114,0.0001902912],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994675,0.00002115188,0.0002647594,0.00005691406,0.000058076,0.0001315932],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.007023192,0.002394181,0.2649221,0.002701793,0.0003492278,0.000221404,0.1257733,0.000003673649,0.0006661305,0.001635564,0.03617889,0.5581304],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.02000504,0.001451888,0.767864,0.006342716,0.00002498335,0.001002645,0.01350484,0.000002569681,0.05252327,0.001538831,0.1348673,0.0008718492],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9535609,0.001030054,0.00004060305,0.04381025,0.0004024299,0.0001682931,0.000006207028,0.00001078729,0.0009703966],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9968695,0.0001815296,0.002239152,0.0004992727,0.0001825911,0.000003640487,0.000001991988,0.0000106436,0.00001165082],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5572586,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4574392,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1562321490","doi":"10.5325/jafrideve.16.1.0001","title":"Aid and Economic Growth: A Robust Approach","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"Journal of African Development","topic":"International Development and Aid","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Robustness (evolution); Aid effectiveness; Economics; Estimator; Panel data; Parametric statistics; Developing country; Sample (material); Econometrics; Public economics; Macroeconomics; Economic growth; Mathematics; Statistics","authors":[{"name":"Kwabena Gyimah‐Brempong","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jeffrey S. Racine","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02972140709769265,"gpt":0.2596975765239945,"spread":0.2299761694263018,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001940774,0.0002150727,0.0004368469,0.0003457755,0.0002505405,0.0002180896,0.0005818226,0.000185733,0.0001177038],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001401273,0.000195056,0.000112169,0.00006022634,0.0001550402,0.0001388864,0.000339381,0.0004780307,0.00002272322],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008293945,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002390806,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001273054,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008673372,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979916,0.0001343593,0.0007440137,0.0002441586,0.0006044238,0.0002814946],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984009,0.00009777665,0.0008831244,0.00008513811,0.0003123434,0.0002206761],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006846528,0.001062791,0.08388191,0.001102619,0.004598199,0.0002066471,0.3388593,0.006414751,0.00004509485,0.3306903,0.175627,0.05682676],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001703805,0.000120011,0.05661772,0.0008111377,0.0001372297,0.00009265356,0.008440135,0.0004250955,0.0002471159,0.02419999,0.9055203,0.00168484],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5120537,0.0007731902,0.009228543,0.01166085,0.005772939,0.00070965,0.00001178231,0.00007026953,0.4597191],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9174454,0.0004106665,0.0784426,0.0001528111,0.00101939,0.00001209965,0.000007852605,0.00002090531,0.00248827],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7298933,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.795415,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2257425641","doi":"10.5325/jafrideve.8.1.0115","title":"Some Surprising Effects of Better Law Enforcement against Child Trafficking","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of African Development","topic":"Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université Laval; Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Redistribution (election); Enforcement; Law enforcement; Poverty; Legislation; Child support; Human trafficking; Work (physics); Business; Economics; Criminology; Demographic economics; Public economics; Political science; Economic growth; Law; Psychology; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"Sylvain Dessy","is_ca":false},{"name":"Stéphane Pallage","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006725210145305029,"gpt":0.2325595767128698,"spread":0.2258343665675647,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006850087,0.0001130705,0.0002384165,0.0001329318,0.0004806323,0.0000522282,0.0002417853,0.00005127002,0.0000270147],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003446565,0.00009860065,0.00009905406,0.0001857348,0.0001038724,0.0002654225,0.00001657251,0.0001337433,0.0000028806],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003445755,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005583426,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005672817,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005925868,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982878,0.00009559554,0.000571831,0.0001003167,0.0006639184,0.0002805355],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990383,0.0000969476,0.0005225959,0.00007822098,0.0001560331,0.0001079461],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001770912,0.003338399,0.04975453,0.0006210729,0.001080695,0.0001620145,0.4618059,0.001398042,0.002547227,0.2824423,0.03498302,0.1616897],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009345127,0.00008204739,0.06328523,0.0005444371,0.00004906268,0.000008036986,0.005898076,0.00000253589,0.01393573,0.001300726,0.9136165,0.000343142],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9170457,0.001437557,0.0001368584,0.001720276,0.000924601,0.0001604292,7.728555e-7,0.00001529159,0.0785585],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9967001,0.0001782926,0.001664617,0.0004176133,0.0008020559,0.00000163723,0.000002027286,0.000009769527,0.0002238566],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8786334,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4020818,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2767006685","doi":"10.5325/jafrideve.20.1.0003","title":"The Cost Effectiveness of Family Planning Services in Uganda","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of African Development","topic":"Global Maternal and Child Health","field":"Medicine","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Family planning; Socioeconomic status; Psychological intervention; Medicine; Reproductive health; Quarter (Canadian coin); Developing country; Sterilization (economics); Environmental health; Population; Demography; Research methodology; Geography; Economic growth; Nursing; Business","authors":[{"name":"Sarah Ssewanyana","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ibrahim Kasirye","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02022022030873562,"gpt":0.3079769223317468,"spread":0.2877567020230112,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009054586,0.0000685121,0.0002392284,0.00007895872,0.00006235158,0.000008321189,0.0001145351,0.00002487631,0.000004689142],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002103154,0.00003781469,0.00003037073,0.0001479986,0.00004672226,0.00003356506,0.00003048769,0.0001251376,0.000004459051],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001437265,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002944721,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003342935,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001496805,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999036,0.00005863612,0.0004062704,0.00005614258,0.000286118,0.0001568092],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999284,0.0001008988,0.0002460752,0.00006101385,0.0002213106,0.00008667072],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.003718367,0.0002217551,0.9640629,0.0006342232,0.0001818294,0.0001679196,0.006452883,0.00002141289,0.005987732,0.0001179874,0.0002914908,0.01814148],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001012149,0.0003556969,0.973024,0.001397212,0.00001043462,0.00008867557,0.001324765,0.000004545725,0.005092979,0.00008542493,0.0175652,0.00003898162],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9965784,0.0003964958,0.00003348246,0.0002387881,0.0001928861,0.0001223381,5.721225e-7,0.000002391666,0.002434654],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990452,0.00004130457,0.0006091118,0.0001799373,0.00008945147,0.000001543186,3.214887e-7,0.00000459923,0.0000285282],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01810249,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1542038,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4313460315","doi":"10.5325/jafrideve.24.1.0065","title":"Does Public Spending Trigger Agricultural Productivity Growth in Africa?","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of African Development","topic":"Fiscal Policy and Economic Growth","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Nickel Institute","funders":"","keywords":"Agriculture; Productivity; Agricultural productivity; Gross domestic product; Economics; Investment (military); Agricultural economics; Government (linguistics); Total factor productivity; Development economics; Economic growth; Geography","authors":[{"name":"Manzamasso Hodjo","is_ca":false},{"name":"Timothy J. Dalton","is_ca":false},{"name":"Tebila Nakelse","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05479441623104669,"gpt":0.2173152277936206,"spread":0.1625208115625739,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001781106,0.0001673944,0.0005219607,0.0009454579,0.00009219939,0.00009617372,0.0003383351,0.00006910071,0.00007825139],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003869838,0.0001151665,0.000124742,0.0009522382,0.00004312723,0.0005977658,0.000100067,0.0002687553,0.0003500227],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004773239,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007704642,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001386633,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002530139,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979634,0.00002502875,0.001151356,0.0002705413,0.00007735992,0.0005123384],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988987,0.00007310686,0.0007145693,0.0001130453,0.00004649968,0.0001540233],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009594461,0.0005561046,0.859139,0.0001407951,0.0003634041,0.0001197902,0.01556542,0.00005424585,0.0001995091,0.09618776,0.0238099,0.003768092],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006363041,0.00004587797,0.9050935,0.00002808255,0.000002763631,0.00001976569,0.0007689662,0.00002410617,0.000538043,0.03972715,0.05282224,0.0002932133],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9568602,0.0001123464,0.00003468975,0.007641008,0.0008831817,0.0001375307,0.00001009635,0.0000268767,0.03429404],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975022,0.00003131646,0.0006051835,0.00002940947,0.0003132693,0.00001030228,0.000002617894,0.0000154094,0.001490287],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05646061,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4696352,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4313460474","doi":"10.5325/jafrideve.24.1.0136","title":"New Framework for Multidimensional Environmental Well-being for Sustainable Development","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of African Development","topic":"Sustainable Development and Environmental Policy","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Poverty; Sustainable development; Capability approach; Index (typography); Empirical research; Environmental degradation; Sample (material); Geography; Environmental resource management; Environmental economics; Economic growth; Economics; Statistics; Mathematics; Ecology; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Kwaku Adu","is_ca":false},{"name":"John Joseph Puthenkalam","is_ca":false},{"name":"Antwi Effah Kwaben","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0093122160847665,"gpt":0.2318776393949553,"spread":0.2225654233101888,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001238074,0.0003999263,0.0004504152,0.000343117,0.000646296,0.00005647417,0.0004600611,0.000155215,0.0008871059],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002080542,0.0003700187,0.000206236,0.0005077097,0.0001025487,0.0004387904,0.0004512949,0.0002182367,0.0004248353],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002109988,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004506426,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001268926,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000036001,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9964199,0.00003248026,0.001055311,0.0004405302,0.0008763291,0.001175442],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983612,0.0003864981,0.0005231995,0.0002007365,0.00002254334,0.000505831],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002583536,0.001278839,0.06566036,0.0004285571,0.001270684,0.0006608872,0.06042227,0.00837497,0.007063538,0.009701853,0.4524517,0.3901028],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001729685,0.0001977308,0.06384838,0.0000568504,0.00003557224,0.00003249432,0.008992317,0.0001155803,0.01302938,0.006238431,0.9051117,0.0006118404],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.8942501,0.00009742047,0.09933842,0.001227791,0.0005376619,0.001733115,0.000003454362,0.00009817914,0.002713856],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.3210744,0.0000319704,0.6471103,0.0004019933,0.0002851031,0.0001636608,0.00004791445,0.0000942882,0.03079035],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5731757,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998752,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3165420722","doi":"10.5325/jafrideve.21.1.0001","title":"Understanding Digitalization in the African Context","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of African Development","topic":"ICT Impact and Policies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph; Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Pandemic; Vulnerability (computing); Context (archaeology); Development economics; Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Psychological intervention; Political science; Economic growth; Inequality; Population; Sustainable development; Geography; Sociology; Economics; Psychology; Medicine; Computer security; Computer science; Demography","authors":[{"name":"Gbadebo Odularu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Bamidele Adekunle","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.08238925716981767,"gpt":0.2343602393711804,"spread":0.1519709822013627,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001620324,0.00007449824,0.0001230764,0.00008815736,0.0000296401,0.00005526839,0.0001479312,0.00001873076,0.00001491241],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003972915,0.00005050486,0.00002899319,0.0002939911,0.00001465616,0.0001248199,0.000009543469,0.0001121664,0.000005071148],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002082164,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006164829,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001458323,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007593757,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993458,0.0000178343,0.0002828254,0.00001921111,0.0001996824,0.0001346454],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997618,0.00005269744,0.00006720176,0.00003392569,0.00002042813,0.00006394338],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008648569,0.00006849788,0.009947625,0.0001056062,0.0002166376,0.00007202621,0.9050249,0.0162207,0.0008976496,0.005278407,0.04940421,0.01267724],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001841164,0.0004078353,0.04753906,0.0002416831,0.00004360653,0.0001690851,0.3819552,0.002197907,0.005005199,0.001068433,0.5588021,0.0007287715],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.901561,0.0004085108,0.03890802,0.007741294,0.0003478211,0.0001898416,0.00000312115,0.00005903704,0.05078135],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993794,0.000020048,0.0001335171,0.0003683488,0.00007492721,8.717619e-7,5.9282e-7,0.000009176891,0.00001313572],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5230697,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2059528,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3165742837","doi":"10.5325/jafrideve.21.1.0041","title":"Predicting Household's Mobile Banking Saving Behavior in Western Kenya: An Algorithmic Approach","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of African Development","topic":"Microfinance and Financial Inclusion","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"École Nationale d'Administration Publique","funders":"","keywords":"Livelihood; Mobile phone; Savings account; Business; Financial inclusion; Economics; Agriculture; Finance; Financial services; Engineering; Geography","authors":[{"name":"Boris Houenou","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ecce F. Djogbenou","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04893472618337118,"gpt":0.2298626652739484,"spread":0.1809279390905772,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007795044,0.0001768,0.0005410932,0.0003085033,0.0001241492,0.00007038264,0.0003830954,0.00009752359,0.00003337875],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004316993,0.0001931004,0.00009179318,0.0004019655,0.0000259365,0.0004567896,0.0001501463,0.0003833335,0.00001637718],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003121799,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001247657,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004053951,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001401503,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979351,0.00001932338,0.00131138,0.0003035036,0.0001045269,0.0003262354],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987502,0.00001726053,0.0009093173,0.0001277659,0.00004545921,0.0001500412],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006340005,0.0004626997,0.9542515,0.00005176813,0.00002952214,0.0001387448,0.02194275,0.0008292652,0.0008599814,0.0002808209,0.0001037567,0.0209858],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001880221,0.0007215618,0.9404981,0.0001632579,0.00001847868,0.0001170862,0.002355623,0.001332717,0.001065852,0.0002820094,0.05078836,0.0007767045],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9917855,0.001036266,0.005860455,0.00009832953,0.0002152198,0.0002252111,0.00001257747,0.00001799226,0.0007484906],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.981512,0.0001230258,0.0178175,0.0001752485,0.0002731856,0.00002426819,0.000004155755,0.0000317912,0.0000388402],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0506846,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7874404,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W578640543","doi":"10.5325/jafrideve.10.1.0071","title":"Nutritional Health of the Children in Senegal: A Comparative Analysis","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of African Development","topic":"Child Nutrition and Water Access","field":"Nursing","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"","keywords":"Malnutrition; Standard of living; Economic growth; Developing country; Devaluation; Development economics; Political science; Economics; Currency","authors":[{"name":"Marie Suzanne Badji","is_ca":false},{"name":"Dorothée Boccanfuso","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03050310204099283,"gpt":0.2913745245825238,"spread":0.260871422541531,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002806702,0.00009043661,0.0004126838,0.0004686486,0.000113185,0.000009531011,0.0002179584,0.00002335284,0.00002732235],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001455825,0.00006224985,0.0001716347,0.001055433,0.00007127423,0.00008643498,0.00002969242,0.0001854872,0.00000106629],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002675474,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001947043,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004727474,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009797829,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998445,0.0001398294,0.0007372357,0.00008991986,0.0004400346,0.0001479587],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990819,0.00005078956,0.0005545901,0.0000872376,0.0001493071,0.00007618371],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002983445,0.0007738493,0.9786224,0.00001655261,0.0003992969,0.00000562903,0.01203628,0.0004205102,0.00006345053,0.00002426635,0.007064312,0.0002750863],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001101359,0.00006531989,0.9924034,0.00007833125,0.00002545435,0.000098054,0.0001918256,0.00001416074,0.003898431,0.00007819266,0.001975251,0.00007020764],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9928492,0.0002541588,0.00007410241,0.006376512,0.000117407,0.000133971,0.000007494667,0.000003480427,0.0001837192],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9962835,0.00001862366,0.003166497,0.0004431736,0.00005512299,0.000001723276,0.000004617488,0.000003768673,0.00002297455],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01378099,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2538475,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3165798067","doi":"10.5325/jafrideve.21.1.0014","title":"The Nexus between Instagram and Digital Entrepreneurship","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of African Development","topic":"Digital Marketing and Social Media","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph; Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Social media; Entrepreneurship; Disadvantaged; Premise; Nexus (standard); Marketing; Socioeconomic status; Public relations; Business; Advertising; Sociology; Political science; World Wide Web; Economics; Computer science; Economic growth","authors":[{"name":"Bamidele Adekunle","is_ca":true},{"name":"Christine Kajumba","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0315459830426086,"gpt":0.2616634507902083,"spread":0.2301174677475997,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007242246,0.00006717639,0.0001416978,0.0000236623,0.0003871587,0.0003982743,0.0002345906,0.00003277357,0.000005642825],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002119307,0.00004613279,0.00004325451,0.0001849689,0.0002045035,0.0002024476,0.00005428674,0.0001435609,0.000007340343],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006441597,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004382388,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005572334,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000012301,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988582,0.00008829092,0.0003002303,0.00007527701,0.0004728987,0.000205107],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987277,0.0005854967,0.0002152232,0.00003256127,0.0001067461,0.0003322973],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005578397,0.00002466803,0.1011672,0.000006716056,0.00008481133,0.00002354669,0.1183993,6.376546e-7,0.00000299549,0.001408861,0.00305056,0.775775],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002117467,0.00007709578,0.05288443,0.00002478463,0.00001118305,0.000001747004,0.03022761,4.258786e-7,0.00002090978,0.001421143,0.9150077,0.0001112217],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.895798,0.0002383294,0.00004134282,0.01990489,0.0002583922,0.00009498522,0.000001998024,0.00002332345,0.08363869],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987864,0.00005580563,0.0001623033,0.0001255063,0.0004385777,8.53158e-7,3.093804e-7,0.000005130864,0.0004250981],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9119571,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3840569,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402516503","doi":"10.5325/jafrideve.25.2.0237","title":"International Standards Certification and Firms’ Performance: A Study of Three West African Countries","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of African Development","topic":"Firm Innovation and Growth","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"March of Dimes Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Certification; Business; Accounting; Economics; Management","authors":[{"name":"Didier Wayoro","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03396104712683065,"gpt":0.2446849040541837,"spread":0.2107238569273531,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001000794,0.000087098,0.0002322837,0.000509421,0.00005471991,0.00009475581,0.0001548508,0.00002861611,0.0002565279],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004566186,0.00008004314,0.00002849065,0.0003215265,0.00004089146,0.0002517244,0.00003856411,0.0001198969,0.00001265116],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002490589,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001593104,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000135298,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000140624,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987034,0.000005849783,0.0008835536,0.0001331554,0.0001781392,0.00009593389],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991593,0.00003051738,0.0004439093,0.00007853583,0.0002469627,0.00004079766],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004034177,0.0008643916,0.8117051,0.0003545024,0.001218024,0.00003571314,0.0539676,0.00009462366,0.00007671201,0.04202344,0.006195499,0.08306096],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005666497,0.0003390386,0.592927,0.00007471003,0.000009291808,0.00002257284,0.001902371,0.0005229576,0.0001259515,0.0007400769,0.4026289,0.0001405172],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9888632,0.0005463501,0.001257736,0.0013224,0.0005582286,0.0001082488,0.00003303886,0.000009262571,0.007301526],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986198,0.0001486893,0.0009513845,0.00002916845,0.00006472235,0.000005546989,0.000002165579,0.000009358518,0.000169197],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3964334,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3264065,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4210589280","doi":"10.5325/jafrideve.11.1.0011","title":"Water Price Reforms in Senegal: Distributional Impact Analysis","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of African Development","topic":"Water resources management and optimization","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"","keywords":"Computable general equilibrium; Economics; Poverty; Distribution (mathematics); Government (linguistics); Income distribution; Consumption (sociology); Transfer payment; Development economics; Public economics; Macroeconomics; Agricultural economics; Natural resource economics; Economic growth; Inequality; Welfare; Market economy","authors":[{"name":"Dorothée Boccanfuso","is_ca":true},{"name":"Antonio Estache","is_ca":false},{"name":"Luc Savard","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.005402190104450597,"gpt":0.2027017929292209,"spread":0.1972996028247703,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002635164,0.00009935182,0.000189418,0.0004864201,0.00002398857,0.00003981377,0.0001195393,0.0000268361,0.00007601504],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004837892,0.00006023153,0.00009120387,0.0004980678,0.00000547013,0.0001712693,0.00001314851,0.00009995829,0.000006303163],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004524201,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001758772,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001740059,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003446177,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990858,0.000009902809,0.0004025336,0.000057487,0.0002432456,0.0002010426],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997545,0.000004810923,0.0000644661,0.00005904672,0.00004950024,0.00006761777],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004346633,0.00006746711,0.01629679,0.000009119773,0.0005482638,0.00003832779,0.001932167,0.9759817,0.0004232121,0.00001574479,0.0007424529,0.003901252],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007291162,0.000104869,0.9471207,0.00003325491,0.0001212916,0.00001524257,0.00015868,0.02462876,0.00582165,0.0001692812,0.02077686,0.000320241],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9687257,0.00005210188,0.02831262,0.000202331,0.00005081076,0.00005340053,0.000001231947,0.00002398508,0.002577827],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9965668,0.00001317068,0.00322559,0.0000150531,0.00003480339,7.323172e-7,0.00002205015,0.00000533603,0.0001164396],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.951353,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.245617,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4313517410","doi":"10.5325/jafrideve.24.1.0043","title":"Democracy and Taxation: Evidence from African Countries","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of African Development","topic":"Fiscal Policy and Economic Growth","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Economics; Revenue; Tax revenue; Democracy; Development economics; Public economics; Gross domestic product; Double taxation; Empirical evidence; Order (exchange); International taxation; Socioeconomic status; Direct tax; International economics; Political science; Tax reform; Macroeconomics; Politics","authors":[{"name":"Decky Kipuka Kabongi","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yiagadeesen Samy","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05027959703132301,"gpt":0.2340550185333221,"spread":0.183775421501999,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007902508,0.0001199316,0.0003712917,0.0003325331,0.0001538053,0.00008976612,0.0002148153,0.00005150675,0.0001538287],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003824007,0.0001214461,0.00005721168,0.000265144,0.00006607083,0.0004039943,0.00008082038,0.0001311329,0.0004150677],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001706322,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009943202,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005790793,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001283953,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986314,0.00001293308,0.0008738631,0.0001864766,0.0000615551,0.0002337842],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983454,0.00022626,0.00112518,0.0001163496,0.00004557681,0.0001411754],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002418016,0.00009739781,0.8562074,0.0001021941,0.0005800205,0.0001025899,0.03224175,0.0001193926,0.0000901456,0.03425617,0.06578249,0.01017869],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004213417,0.00007030844,0.7956184,0.00008506548,0.00000814085,0.00001736298,0.0006582914,0.0002087139,0.0002215536,0.08704777,0.1153951,0.0002479338],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9818965,0.001266855,0.0004900766,0.009445811,0.0005537459,0.00008188797,0.00002913161,0.00002316622,0.006212852],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9957428,0.0003645328,0.002877857,0.0002401461,0.0002330016,0.000004129615,0.000002165897,0.00001298511,0.000522376],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.06058896,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5334994,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1492001302","doi":"10.5325/jafrideve.11.1.0061","title":"Gender Discrimination, Human Capital and Marriage","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of African Development","topic":"Gender, Labor, and Family Dynamics","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal; Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Human capital; Gender discrimination; Economics; Labour economics; Capital (architecture); Gender equality; Demographic economics; Sociology; Gender studies; Economic growth; Geography","authors":[{"name":"Sylvain Dessy","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02601670876028287,"gpt":0.2807724814340314,"spread":0.2547557726737485,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006710078,0.00008339081,0.0001427113,0.0001247789,0.0003803885,0.00007537655,0.0001595532,0.0000466581,0.00004004335],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005467905,0.00007153932,0.00003517427,0.0001393444,0.00007877273,0.0001777611,0.00001707114,0.0001097376,0.000002441918],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001817395,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003705973,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002151521,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001287401,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988763,0.00006098869,0.000321886,0.0000900196,0.0004451491,0.0002056133],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993499,0.00002301409,0.0002019506,0.00005134966,0.00020105,0.0001727614],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002469047,0.0003817364,0.09089839,0.00002133233,0.0001343614,0.0001103845,0.7469925,0.00001626899,0.001388801,0.1253038,0.004288898,0.03043877],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002951604,0.00007500689,0.9142031,0.00001302163,0.0000169142,0.00001110642,0.05973459,0.000001578892,0.00002908182,0.01333059,0.01214892,0.0001409316],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.976606,0.000173771,0.000624583,0.0008519089,0.0001995859,0.00006249431,7.955969e-7,0.000009418309,0.02147145],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9936091,0.00009197115,0.005163956,0.0001827401,0.0001596482,5.62118e-7,0.00000100116,0.00000448949,0.0007865573],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8233047,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.292568,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4393977181","doi":"10.5325/jafrideve.25.1.0095","title":"Migration and Remittances in Senegal: Effect on Households Members Left Behind","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of African Development","topic":"Migration and Labor Dynamics","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Left behind; Demographic economics; Economics; Business; Development economics; Economic growth; Labour economics; Economic geography; Psychology","authors":[{"name":"Ameth Ndiaye","is_ca":false},{"name":"Abdelkrim Araar","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01172086945817974,"gpt":0.2790980851255487,"spread":0.267377215667369,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00132371,0.00007502916,0.0001318337,0.0001760478,0.00009327642,0.0001266747,0.00007838284,0.00005015751,0.00003932788],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001073262,0.00005753728,0.0000299848,0.0001552029,0.00004972095,0.0001786029,0.000008012421,0.0001580078,0.000002966817],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002572382,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003512071,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001223397,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0406381,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989684,0.0001316538,0.0002820825,0.00009605741,0.0003935069,0.0001282821],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995686,0.0001700704,0.00009607128,0.0000336574,0.00004490373,0.00008667201],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002134822,0.0001452458,0.1289415,0.0001274938,0.0001655269,0.0002549558,0.7040395,0.0008559132,0.001167567,0.007831731,0.01134469,0.1449124],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004856323,0.0003570245,0.09742021,0.0005545069,0.00002547791,0.00002348034,0.01158505,0.0005327672,0.000752724,0.0004355358,0.8875359,0.0002916423],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9926288,0.0003313236,0.00003184082,0.002565424,0.0003355011,0.00008010637,6.468037e-7,0.00001599101,0.004010403],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974583,0.0003308526,0.0008419806,0.00008194583,0.00009595942,0.000001305664,5.363443e-7,0.000006377468,0.001182754],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8761913,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9768677,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406216546","doi":"10.5325/jafrideve.26.1.0112","title":"Does Labor Market Performance Matter? Expected Return to Education, Schooling, and Child Labor in Côte d’Ivoire","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of African Development","topic":"Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Residence; Quarter (Canadian coin); Cote d ivoire; Economics; Labour economics; Demographic economics; Education economics; Affect (linguistics); Higher education; Economic growth; Psychology; Education policy; Geography","authors":[{"name":"Ahouakan Ehouman Williams Venance","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00375247805532844,"gpt":0.2467502090820224,"spread":0.2429977310266939,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000661138,0.0001126172,0.0001916621,0.0003694491,0.0004381247,0.0001030535,0.0002744118,0.00005412671,0.0002340919],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001815002,0.00008121813,0.00002362805,0.0007898145,0.00005141029,0.00026543,0.00003222464,0.0001834326,0.000006463474],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004030379,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003275131,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002006795,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001379865,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987381,0.0001092909,0.000451641,0.000153903,0.000305179,0.0002419182],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991011,0.00004458462,0.0002081219,0.0001034591,0.0003617767,0.0001809481],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005400354,0.0001595331,0.8516414,0.00004501871,0.00003427238,0.000001054529,0.06406476,0.0000013815,0.000008602276,0.000252002,0.07024364,0.01349437],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001154789,0.000008509133,0.5638633,0.0002887031,0.000004821949,0.000001703932,0.01323926,4.937471e-7,0.00008364684,0.0001079216,0.4222089,0.00007732304],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9261916,0.001269951,0.000006872011,0.03991751,0.0009836068,0.0001654337,0.00000285988,0.00001013143,0.03145207],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9824117,0.001301058,0.002808652,0.0021475,0.0002811953,0.00001408145,0.000001359618,0.000008064353,0.01102635],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3519652,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5809941,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}