{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":14,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":14,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"d78162a73cc0","filters":{"venue":"Journal of Astronomical History and Heritage"}},"results":[{"id":"W3009075335","doi":"10.3724/sp.j.1440-2807.2019.03.06","title":"THE CALENDARS OF SOUTHEAST ASIA. 4: MALAYSIA AND INDONESIA","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Astronomical History and Heritage","topic":"Pacific and Southeast Asian Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Institute of Particle Physics","funders":"","keywords":"Southeast asia; Geography; Ancient history; History","authors":[{"name":"Lars Gislén","is_ca":true},{"name":"J. C. Eade","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01052988872020604,"gpt":0.2231825601755683,"spread":0.2126526714553622,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005799435,0.00006772739,0.0002271491,0.00003222925,0.0001680087,0.00001177866,0.0001064015,0.00004720579,0.00004625889],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002103136,0.0000479139,0.00007093286,0.00002242155,0.0007482328,0.000102763,0.00002697315,0.0001628315,0.000004758214],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007720104,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001226502,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001549883,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001467429,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992801,0.0001049189,0.0002559295,0.00007410791,0.0001378746,0.0001470624],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999469,0.00009333488,0.0002222415,0.00006319246,0.00004506212,0.0001071906],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001155195,0.0001839735,0.7752495,0.0000758041,0.0003344354,0.0000118477,0.1091757,0.00001752917,0.001489667,0.08158941,0.00500444,0.02571252],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001161196,0.0003414943,0.3037691,0.00007626952,0.00006832116,0.00001436495,0.2781716,0.00002158042,0.00001029757,0.0003180699,0.4158491,0.0001986627],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9826366,0.00317348,0.00002288969,0.0004847145,0.0003014168,0.00005962208,0.000004603124,0.000002898166,0.01331375],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984661,0.00008852155,0.0001945437,0.00000493624,0.0001322085,4.896982e-7,7.344643e-8,0.000004530197,0.001108593],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4714804,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2756895,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3034721840","doi":"10.3724/sp.j.1440-2807.2009.03.05","title":"CANADIAN METEOR SCIENCE: THE FIRST PHASE, 1933-1990","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Astronomical History and Heritage","topic":"Astro and Planetary Science","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Meteor (satellite); Phase (matter); History; Astronomy; Meteorology; Geography; Political science; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Richard A. Jarrell","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00834741946352516,"gpt":0.2099213563794287,"spread":0.2015739369159036,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000454591,0.000102361,0.0001659462,0.0001000675,0.000324801,0.00004704047,0.0003705211,0.00001880774,0.0006459687],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004969243,0.00007138476,0.00007562526,0.00007697161,0.0003420768,0.0003890251,0.00001325875,0.0002645885,0.00001240062],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002142644,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006174142,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001737493,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005392598,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991746,0.00001763093,0.0002438773,0.0001267885,0.0001492758,0.0002878458],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992937,0.000033193,0.000151557,0.0001188928,0.00004004207,0.0003626345],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008415872,0.00134308,0.3025401,0.00002151269,0.0003036255,0.00009984343,0.01117904,0.001995549,0.02231283,0.06003824,0.1788174,0.4205071],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009738583,0.0007259845,0.1965643,0.00001990953,0.00004313698,0.00001981894,0.0007002328,0.0005728067,0.00009557998,0.0002852375,0.7997892,0.0002098766],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9904667,0.0003152467,0.0002897714,0.001354489,0.0003793672,0.00005859715,0.00001641928,0.000002842411,0.007116572],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982415,0.000001361749,0.0008973203,0.0002088932,0.0003786335,3.525722e-7,0.000001756628,0.000002855912,0.0002673679],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6209719,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7072904,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2559365287","doi":"10.3724/sp.j.1440-2807.2012.03.02","title":"THE WELLS CREEK METEORITE IMPACT SITE AND CHANGING VIEWS ON IMPACT CRATERING","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Astronomical History and Heritage","topic":"Planetary Science and Exploration","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"James Cook University; National Astronomical Research Institute of Thailand; University of Regina; Vanderbilt University","keywords":"Meteorite; Geology; Impact crater; Astrobiology; Archaeology; Geography; Earth science; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Joshua Ford","is_ca":false},{"name":"Wayne Orchiston","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ron Clendening","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02339323364846426,"gpt":0.2499419127857222,"spread":0.2265486791372579,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005805301,0.0001024487,0.0001705834,0.00005239144,0.0002001369,0.0000628214,0.00006724364,0.00001822751,0.000107802],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000003386718,0.00006689555,0.00009591526,0.00002703158,0.00006907955,0.0006893749,0.00001968813,0.0002002087,0.00002032987],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009084498,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002956376,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003250581,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003310878,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993294,0.00005738505,0.0002096573,0.00007137631,0.00007518657,0.0002569718],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994774,0.00007195136,0.0001749618,0.00007008821,0.00001293906,0.0001927023],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006770191,0.0002490601,0.8744971,0.0000178251,0.000328344,0.000006045911,0.009304796,0.001260599,0.04647748,0.0007302502,0.01042737,0.05602414],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001082706,0.001440684,0.7968807,0.00008716337,0.00009939805,0.00003227677,0.002582645,0.001666232,0.0002972959,0.0001764574,0.1952131,0.000441282],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9980682,0.001044825,0.0002720097,0.00005022951,0.0002459328,0.00004109245,0.00001006462,0.000002257478,0.0002654154],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990257,0.00001801412,0.0002188832,0.00002092703,0.0005625535,7.371705e-7,0.000005772976,0.000005458374,0.0001419345],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1847858,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2727921,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3049433210","doi":"10.3724/sp.j.1440-2807.2020.01.09","title":"COOK'S THIRD VOYAGE TO THE PACIFIC AND EARLY SCIENTIFIC ASTRONOMY ON THE NORTH-WESTERN COAST OF AMERICA: THE SOJOURN AT NOOTKA SOUND IN APRIL 1778","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Astronomical History and Heritage","topic":"History and Developments in Astronomy","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Sound (geography); Oceanography; Geography; History; Geology","authors":[{"name":"Wayne Orchiston","is_ca":false},{"name":"William Wells","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01935770928405604,"gpt":0.2029571023094225,"spread":0.1835993930253665,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005533188,0.0002473489,0.0004340509,0.00008241062,0.0004179839,0.00008355557,0.0004916409,0.00003592164,0.0001836604],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001576661,0.0001471432,0.0001548581,0.0001275704,0.0007967331,0.0001965922,0.0001999379,0.0006550087,0.0000305765],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002113438,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001892741,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000240687,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003884469,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982762,0.0001916357,0.000684152,0.000287599,0.0002436634,0.0003167847],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986573,0.0002346728,0.000527796,0.0002715582,0.00006046982,0.0002481771],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009068244,0.0002841032,0.9226744,0.00002241824,0.0002283601,0.000006943595,0.02951652,0.001010556,0.0005409317,0.000871791,0.02584569,0.01809149],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007804207,0.0004131149,0.1862086,0.00004553409,0.00004477683,0.000003399985,0.005608745,0.00002205316,0.00004921252,0.00003275425,0.8065795,0.0002118883],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9934109,0.0002397899,0.003276556,0.001617961,0.0003561194,0.0002666362,0.00002603124,0.000004155899,0.0008018158],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976411,0.000001379516,0.00112693,0.0002112845,0.0003277402,0.00001311904,0.000002613481,0.00001846176,0.0006573086],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7807338,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6000325,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2996560218","doi":"","title":"A commentary on the volvelles in Petrus Apianus' Astronomicum Cæsareum","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Astronomical History and Heritage","topic":"Historical Astronomy and Related Studies","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Institute of Particle Physics","funders":"","keywords":"History","authors":[{"name":"Lars Gislén","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01032850451238098,"gpt":0.2004268088242056,"spread":0.1900983043118246,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002998685,0.0001952262,0.0003500709,0.0001029707,0.0001760068,0.00001559251,0.0002285886,0.0000474905,0.0008123833],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000006462137,0.0001353119,0.0001622599,0.0000486257,0.0004762899,0.0001598872,0.0000710349,0.0005957297,0.00003769183],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003787004,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006832091,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004912324,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008713881,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988492,0.00009962414,0.0004939021,0.0001753676,0.0001042496,0.0002776614],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992633,0.0001518825,0.0002678486,0.0001458772,0.00004018784,0.0001308338],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00218075,0.002398963,0.2805271,0.00002766882,0.001130069,0.00002639289,0.00908776,0.0003679277,0.001218205,0.03558547,0.6260994,0.04135029],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001614343,0.001148377,0.02886545,0.0001033189,0.00005951105,0.000002929575,0.003111641,0.0001158131,0.0001816972,0.000373529,0.9641307,0.000292661],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9888533,0.0006721785,0.0005255681,0.004066828,0.0008224866,0.0001145484,0.00001067457,0.000005986786,0.004928482],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9971824,0.000005431998,0.0006699446,0.0003501992,0.001290708,0.000005236755,0.000001744217,0.00001345186,0.0004808487],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3380313,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8895027,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4319015591","doi":"10.3724/sp.j.1440-2807.2022.02.04","title":"COMETS AND POLITICAL ANXIETIES IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE NINTH CENTURY: NEW LIGHT ON COMETS X/839 B1 AND X/841 Y1","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Astronomical History and Heritage","topic":"Reformation and Early Modern Christianity","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Queen's University; University of Cambridge; University of Oxford; Pennsylvania State University; Astronomical Society of Japan; Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory; Royal Astronomical Society; Lehigh University; Smithsonian Institution","keywords":"Ninth; Politics; Astrobiology; Astronomy; History; Physics; Political science; Law","authors":[{"name":"P. Sicoli","is_ca":false},{"name":"Marilina Cesario","is_ca":false},{"name":"R. Gorelli","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01948620705358287,"gpt":0.1923347406074194,"spread":0.1728485335538365,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002932708,0.00008971429,0.0002049073,0.00007566361,0.0002737327,0.00004421458,0.0001423128,0.00002125247,0.0003913855],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001462943,0.00005328338,0.00006050523,0.00001359062,0.0003134878,0.0001450172,0.00007038261,0.0003853707,7.472082e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001301769,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004981412,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001631188,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000192422,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992287,0.0001035498,0.0002994005,0.00007293239,0.0001632726,0.0001321313],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995677,0.00007429966,0.000169304,0.00008715524,0.00001847104,0.00008308393],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001313129,0.001080704,0.03158378,0.0002163265,0.0001545429,0.00001963552,0.2382526,0.00008824285,0.0001091428,0.6471401,0.07517876,0.004863048],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006792495,0.0004438592,0.04436284,0.0000272176,0.00001974862,0.00002601049,0.01127296,0.00005223935,0.000005894047,0.0004358285,0.9425969,0.00007725738],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9874752,0.001277092,0.000002768762,0.005716322,0.0003375749,0.00007559877,0.00001488418,0.000002661093,0.005097935],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988669,0.00002784206,0.00002175828,0.0004522321,0.0001565464,0.000001208937,7.913119e-7,0.000005408842,0.0004673034],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8674182,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4285396,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2998993083","doi":"10.3724/sp.j.1440-2807.2014.01.03","title":"THE BEGINNINGS OF MODERN ASTRONOMY AT THE UNIVERSITY OF ST ANDREWS","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Astronomical History and Heritage","topic":"History and Developments in Astronomy","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Astronomy; History of astronomy; Art history; History; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Alan H. Batten","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006876289482802715,"gpt":0.1744423120599977,"spread":0.167566022577195,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005063738,0.0001244727,0.0003007623,0.00003630735,0.000254366,0.00000614289,0.0003124382,0.00003224644,0.0004499368],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005665275,0.00008893407,0.0001700355,0.00002596731,0.0008016924,0.0001411687,0.0001019995,0.0002443215,0.000004221302],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001679415,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001566423,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001409491,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005982527,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990903,0.0001063984,0.0003965215,0.000116903,0.0001208655,0.0001690421],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988239,0.0001598802,0.0006607425,0.0001879448,0.000068418,0.00009906473],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002057002,0.0006023668,0.2489135,0.00007469307,0.001036511,0.000002465088,0.01192971,0.001823285,0.005721553,0.02199633,0.07469421,0.6311483],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007434569,0.0001402933,0.01223317,0.00002483259,0.00004996106,0.000001512939,0.0008582513,0.00006456643,0.0001804743,0.0002264982,0.9853847,0.00009226265],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9471859,0.000760482,0.04500647,0.0001483982,0.0003202668,0.00009518814,0.00001622428,0.000003192936,0.006463815],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.991264,0.000003775629,0.006323819,0.000007854085,0.0001419922,4.747904e-7,0.000002337817,0.000009026132,0.002246664],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9106905,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4926493,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2960432523","doi":"10.3724/sp.j.1440-2807.2017.01.02","title":"APIANUS' LATITUDE VOLVELLES - HOW WERE THEY MADE?","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Astronomical History and Heritage","topic":"Historical Astronomy and Related Studies","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Institute of Particle Physics","funders":"","keywords":"Latitude; Geography; Geodesy","authors":[{"name":"Lars Gislén","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01447317708236989,"gpt":0.2116026327575079,"spread":0.197129455675138,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001717895,0.000189488,0.0004195406,0.00005042671,0.0004687931,0.00007048534,0.0003230356,0.00006881813,0.0003220473],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001390819,0.0001517864,0.0002350458,0.000006823213,0.0003022271,0.000417288,0.0001011208,0.000491344,0.00001699584],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001684375,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008912522,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003593052,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005909475,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999125,0.00003810433,0.0003169265,0.0001663035,0.0001159396,0.0002377031],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988995,0.00005301709,0.0005617596,0.0002268883,0.00005398993,0.0002048819],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001009476,0.001819237,0.6528767,0.0001235122,0.00319722,0.0001045808,0.008955173,0.0003118484,0.006042127,0.04553463,0.1161246,0.1639009],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001730909,0.0003338662,0.07114732,0.00008939917,0.0001625201,0.000007281439,0.001346354,0.00005557967,0.0001252925,0.0008054124,0.9238153,0.0003808076],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9783883,0.002910263,0.002981318,0.001863779,0.00152082,0.0001138234,0.00001951994,0.00001299329,0.01218919],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.991384,0.00002402106,0.002941427,0.00001156327,0.0009458628,0.000002295011,0.000001444016,0.00001430262,0.00467504],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8076907,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6189669,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3213826827","doi":"10.3724/sp.j.1440-2807.2021.03.19","title":"REMINISCENCES OF A RADIO ASTRONOMER","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Astronomical History and Heritage","topic":"Spacecraft Design and Technology","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Optech (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Astronomer; Astronomy; History; Physics","authors":[{"name":"James Lequeux","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008750897993369809,"gpt":0.1727587070054215,"spread":0.1640078090120517,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008753858,0.00006841523,0.000238846,0.00006288953,0.000009349184,0.000003036743,0.00007328629,0.00005998854,0.0002747209],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001197167,0.0000675335,0.00007264697,0.00002677736,0.0001090396,0.00007839403,0.00001255184,0.0001867018,0.00000200764],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001000634,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005693673,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":6.030631e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001480284,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995199,0.00001436813,0.0002602578,0.00005734524,0.00004873616,0.00009934064],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997275,0.00002817396,0.00007683566,0.00007557413,0.00002673515,0.00006511635],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003363379,0.0004153053,0.06393961,0.0003573137,0.0008166707,0.0002856421,0.002561735,0.001902225,0.8136552,0.006948657,0.04709195,0.06168937],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002323129,0.000807416,0.04787538,0.0001734496,0.0001283076,0.0004505539,0.002143573,0.001427541,0.04610432,0.0002647323,0.8978412,0.0004603663],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.988393,0.00755383,0.002137804,0.00006635952,0.0004093131,0.00001655006,0.000001557821,0.00001563748,0.001405946],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.988353,0.00007677065,0.01122993,0.000005541435,0.00008062748,4.626005e-7,2.913123e-7,0.00000857434,0.0002447958],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8507493,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3008001,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4417260599","doi":"10.3724/sp.j.1440-2807.2025.03.23","title":"Radio Astronomy in Canada: Young Science in a Young Country, by Jasper Wall, Elizabeth Griffin and Richard Jarrell.","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Astronomical History and Heritage","topic":"History and Developments in Astronomy","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Griffin; History of science; Natural science; History of astronomy","authors":[{"name":"Peter Robertson","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.003849546125807316,"gpt":0.1899590648158656,"spread":0.1861095186900583,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000564268,0.0002400747,0.0004981689,0.0002977905,0.0001258152,0.00003799587,0.0003107933,0.00004780239,0.0001910386],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009903653,0.000251176,0.00004851828,0.0001748269,0.000377462,0.0004953056,0.00009694283,0.0005907189,0.000001439549],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003060814,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00360646,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.06346104,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.03949478,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982353,0.00006680877,0.0007170689,0.0003363432,0.0001958987,0.0004486037],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992701,0.00005496945,0.0002616214,0.0001413842,0.00005014654,0.0002218184],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001254339,0.0001282462,0.9806272,0.00001525918,0.00003822954,0.000006716618,0.0006537053,0.00008166538,0.0006488863,0.0008495129,0.007575011,0.009250102],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003281646,0.0000902196,0.5563233,0.0001897985,0.00003822887,0.000008316836,0.002704648,0.0002103803,0.000136633,0.00008020753,0.4364725,0.0004641156],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9909803,0.001432885,0.001941903,0.00009154794,0.0008384977,0.0001393462,0.00001584817,0.000003343881,0.004556366],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9945511,0.00001083606,0.004522209,0.00004475514,0.00007223049,0.00000911881,0.00000471289,0.00001170103,0.0007733022],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4288975,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999994,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3126642867","doi":"10.3724/sp.j.1440-2807.2020.01.06","title":"SUSTAINED CARTOGRAPHIC INNOVATIONS IN NASCENT FRENCH CANADA: THE LIFE AND TIMES OF JEAN DESHAYES","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Astronomical History and Heritage","topic":"Historical Geography and Cartography","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Astronomer; Zeitgeist; Scientific revolution; Surveyor; Cartography; Geography; History; Suite; Settlement (finance); Longitude; Art history; Archaeology; Philosophy; Political science; Latitude; Law; Geodesy; Epistemology; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Richard de Grijs","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0127153597357288,"gpt":0.2041457605332049,"spread":0.1914304007974761,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003410934,0.00007062675,0.0002125783,0.00009971319,0.0001381404,0.000008908904,0.0001316458,0.00004527163,0.00009804568],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001505633,0.000056977,0.00007563701,0.0002920126,0.0004882098,0.0001000816,0.00002461172,0.0002410372,7.994758e-8],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001150509,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006596951,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0346275,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.08881999,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999126,0.000123201,0.0003467543,0.00008639841,0.0001725736,0.0001450931],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993349,0.0001327972,0.0001871549,0.00004645217,0.00008657602,0.0002121366],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003670394,0.0003419798,0.7670732,0.0001323531,0.000313387,0.00003785133,0.07128725,0.0001471606,0.0006312471,0.07139267,0.07904433,0.009231572],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008446849,0.0003565929,0.1700882,0.00003253963,0.00006350815,0.000001072607,0.02097568,0.00003201341,0.000008092096,0.0004010356,0.8070046,0.0001919297],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9838676,0.008155297,0.00005014991,0.006172332,0.0001856849,0.00009502045,0.000006873993,0.000004413592,0.001462567],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993013,0.0001182721,0.0001820416,0.0002344069,0.0001222364,0.000001045982,4.672839e-7,0.000003427646,0.00003677499],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7279603,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.971801,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1653829634","doi":"10.3724/sp.j.1440-2807.2007.03.10","title":"SIR ROBERT STAWELL BALL (1840-1913): ROYAL ASTRONOMER IN IRELAND AND ASTRONOMY'S PUBLIC VOICE","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Astronomical History and Heritage","topic":"Historical and Architectural Studies","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Trinity College","funders":"","keywords":"Astronomer; Irish; Genius; Outreach; History; Classics; Art history; Media studies; Sociology; Political science; Law; Philosophy","authors":[{"name":"Allan Chapman","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01796393459689857,"gpt":0.1881704508255063,"spread":0.1702065162286077,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000451496,0.0002143875,0.0004397457,0.0001791686,0.0001832687,0.00005296893,0.0001371879,0.00005483615,0.0006591549],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002302042,0.0001747254,0.0001127397,0.00001900399,0.0005267753,0.0002855698,0.00007759989,0.0004767288,0.00001233327],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004288651,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005398508,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001594046,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001416459,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986031,0.00005093922,0.0006096538,0.0002073515,0.0001322641,0.0003966793],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992002,0.0001375155,0.0002420846,0.00007915709,0.00005276296,0.0002883259],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.003924724,0.002364235,0.3836915,0.0003475356,0.0009570292,0.0002905213,0.08416203,0.0002984506,0.001222306,0.04284959,0.04953949,0.4303525],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008812115,0.0003974905,0.04648989,0.00002591351,0.00002438409,0.000008253188,0.001178717,0.00001243536,0.000004150005,0.00004739737,0.9507424,0.0001877741],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.982663,0.005385954,0.0003150559,0.0004071615,0.0005893108,0.0000849526,0.000007429537,0.00001200034,0.01053513],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9921186,0.00002218148,0.001628025,0.00007758982,0.000876209,0.00000188875,0.000001885941,0.00001675725,0.005256849],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9012029,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7217284,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4403004037","doi":"10.3724/sp.j.1440-2807.2024.03.06","title":"ANALYSIS OF THE HOROMETER INSTRUMENT IN PETER APIAN&amp;prime;S &amp;lt;italic&amp;gt;INSTRUMENT BUCH&amp;lt;/italic&amp;gt;","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Astronomical History and Heritage","topic":"Historical Geography and Cartography","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Institute of Particle Physics","funders":"","keywords":"Scientific instrument; Measuring instrument; Surgical instrument; Engineering; Physics; Mechanical engineering; Astronomy","authors":[{"name":"Lars Gislén","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02500861617816549,"gpt":0.251752959365361,"spread":0.2267443431871955,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001625273,0.000405958,0.001010724,0.001134701,0.0003352716,0.0001326518,0.0006996063,0.0003038484,0.001638886],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001001203,0.0003277319,0.001659498,0.001413948,0.001151933,0.0005278865,0.0001464164,0.0008178655,0.00004520537],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001280071,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003210738,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002897251,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004317761,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9959617,0.000570307,0.001335677,0.0005387261,0.0009217633,0.0006717779],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980426,0.000220215,0.0005572427,0.000528763,0.0001317918,0.0005194015],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002885428,0.006930805,0.4154987,0.0008189473,0.01892234,0.00008780821,0.2037869,0.001355045,0.05858338,0.03119623,0.1380382,0.1218962],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004452207,0.0001266914,0.0345478,0.0001326372,0.0008353655,0.000005974582,0.0003317556,0.000005840796,0.00001255468,0.0001430292,0.963069,0.0003441388],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.983076,0.007615994,0.0004819049,0.0006841602,0.001913938,0.0002440185,0.00006654698,0.0000334037,0.005884064],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9925339,0.0002895189,0.002869149,0.0001524803,0.0004265144,0.00001384506,0.00001819832,0.00003279863,0.00366363],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8250308,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999174,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4405854950","doi":"10.3724/sp.j.1440-2807.2024.04.04","title":"BEYOND PRECISION: ASTRONOMY IN THE LONG NINETEENTH CENTURY","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Astronomical History and Heritage","topic":"History of Science and Medicine","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Astronomy; History; Geography; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Robert W. Smith","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01995128157991562,"gpt":0.2185085951522248,"spread":0.1985573135723092,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005990489,0.00009111697,0.0001762149,0.0001374225,0.00008384995,0.0000546476,0.0001859912,0.00002375249,0.00156038],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001052153,0.00005706475,0.0000855322,0.0000182184,0.0004661859,0.0004227289,0.00001578035,0.0003472313,0.00002049315],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000202062,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001143056,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008176321,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005262709,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992078,0.0000439312,0.0003218037,0.0001127075,0.000163281,0.000150482],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996514,0.00008812605,0.0000766815,0.00007680724,0.00002197072,0.00008502884],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000372491,0.0004690923,0.002628019,0.0001752001,0.0001079693,0.0004714789,0.2713768,0.00004771157,0.0005191551,0.09131932,0.3910753,0.2414376],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000213831,0.0002580545,0.001958674,0.00009011539,0.0000205315,0.00002497826,0.005574338,0.00001706628,0.000001581406,0.00007413066,0.9917067,0.00005997419],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9282327,0.02996866,0.0001197788,0.00154768,0.003658273,0.0001176766,0.000004338878,0.00001184362,0.03633901],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9946351,0.00005787424,0.0003278249,0.0002025195,0.00154686,0.000002026897,0.000001143418,0.00000714829,0.003219497],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6006315,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993523,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}