{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":84,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":84,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"7fcaf33c4010","filters":{"venue":"Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics"}},"results":[{"id":"W2091225369","doi":"10.1016/j.jastp.2006.03.008","title":"Impact of middle-atmospheric composition changes on greenhouse cooling in the upper atmosphere","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics","topic":"Atmospheric Ozone and Climate","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":126,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Atmospheric sciences; Thermosphere; Atmosphere (unit); Stratosphere; Environmental science; Tropopause; Ozone; Atmospheric temperature; Water vapor; Greenhouse gas; Ozone layer; Mesosphere; Radiative forcing; Atmospheric model; Climatology; Meteorology; Ionosphere; Physics; Geology; Aerosol","authors":[{"name":"R. A. Akmaev","is_ca":false},{"name":"V. I. Fomichev","is_ca":true},{"name":"Xun Zhu","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01903367195638147,"gpt":0.2358924012281012,"spread":0.2168587292717198,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004714244,0.0003131928,0.000609406,0.00000160962,0.0001602627,0.0001082822,0.0003401524,0.0001307493,0.0001414221],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000020433,0.0001949815,0.0003047017,0.0004901082,0.0001566417,0.0002985222,0.00001578775,0.0004317961,0.000008901374],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002648211,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001203483,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003852921,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004109489,"domain_scores_codex":[0.997899,0.0002379683,0.0006991227,0.0002155553,0.0005404179,0.0004079363],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984891,0.0003398774,0.0007768241,0.0002209472,0.0000703027,0.0001029478],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0022577,0.0004916133,0.7877873,0.00004579032,0.0001571956,0.0001381164,0.001002967,0.1338839,0.0001730406,0.00008957519,0.0005284917,0.07344428],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002911939,0.003324085,0.9543954,0.000231567,0.0001466668,0.0001253971,0.0008671309,0.03564727,0.00005333915,0.001593737,0.0003190011,0.0003845435],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9968722,0.001045448,0.0007510733,0.0001074371,0.0003409934,0.0002141787,0.00001671911,0.00001209401,0.0006398864],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9956148,0.0004390722,0.002706459,0.0001245283,0.001058667,9.21932e-7,0.00001739948,0.00001424665,0.0000239431],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.166608,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7951116,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2147520276","doi":"10.1016/s1364-6826(00)00114-0","title":"The middle atmosphere","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics","topic":"Atmospheric Ozone and Climate","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":120,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Atmosphere (unit); Stratosphere; Atmospheric sciences; Environmental science; Meteorology; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Theodore G. Shepherd","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0175633622331123,"gpt":0.2085171702803574,"spread":0.1909538080472451,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003753669,0.0002037126,0.0003361256,3.489572e-7,0.0004870394,0.0002239157,0.0003280665,0.0000840305,0.001404937],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002941955,0.0001217761,0.0001922809,0.0002075605,0.0001992477,0.0004380925,0.00001144923,0.0003337381,0.00009903034],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000006865914,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001147642,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000284241,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000679533,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984359,0.0001129567,0.0005353718,0.0001571689,0.000384568,0.0003741076],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989649,0.000265574,0.0003288469,0.0001892486,0.00004391164,0.0002075379],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006306331,0.00004187527,0.03648986,0.000007886419,0.0001144832,0.00005318652,0.0003930195,0.005553954,0.000005488359,0.00005646757,0.002149747,0.9545034],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.008206346,0.004343037,0.2366893,0.0002747395,0.0005996756,0.000795848,0.005075285,0.09858861,0.00008598226,0.03132077,0.6124169,0.001603517],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9885157,0.003372524,0.0004014862,0.0002691322,0.0007805378,0.0001054128,0.000004703825,0.00001681983,0.006533654],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9881228,0.005181586,0.003165771,0.0002468812,0.001936853,4.444921e-7,0.000003877157,0.00001149995,0.001330275],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9528999,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995079,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2012238473","doi":"10.1016/j.jastp.2003.10.002","title":"Correlations between ULF wave power, solar wind speed, and relativistic electron flux in the magnetosphere: solar cycle dependence","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics","topic":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":111,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Physics; Van Allen Probes; Solar wind; Flux (metallurgy); Van Allen radiation belt; Substorm; Geosynchronous orbit; Magnetosphere; Wave power; Solar cycle; Solar cycle 22; Solar cycle 23; Solar minimum; Computational physics; Power (physics); Plasma; Astronomy; Satellite; Nuclear physics","authors":[{"name":"I. R. Mann","is_ca":true},{"name":"T. P. O’Brien","is_ca":false},{"name":"D. K. Milling","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00994037159045006,"gpt":0.227355010099195,"spread":0.2174146385087449,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006368668,0.0003860524,0.0006025753,0.000006782916,0.0003249237,0.000231202,0.000253392,0.0001490133,0.0001547486],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006303463,0.0003065857,0.0002014598,0.0003599863,0.0001658416,0.0006686748,0.00005494806,0.001075833,0.000009639904],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005269667,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000342249,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001343432,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001692809,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976247,0.0003404248,0.000781867,0.0003158335,0.0004195566,0.000517611],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983737,0.0004666428,0.0006152846,0.000279494,0.0000848146,0.000180092],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001227398,0.002243137,0.7318938,0.0001135733,0.00153883,0.0003188477,0.01032885,0.02152649,0.0008788098,0.08770271,0.006019758,0.1362078],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0246107,0.007260023,0.2063959,0.0005737392,0.002420629,0.0004520799,0.01420788,0.04429699,0.0006612847,0.6733761,0.02192126,0.003823462],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.953832,0.0006037548,0.03878944,0.0001375217,0.0005492166,0.0003924512,0.00001335643,0.00001184323,0.005670454],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9958293,0.00006678134,0.002602992,0.00006106737,0.0007773846,0.000001722392,0.00001467153,0.00004067043,0.0006054351],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5856733,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999386,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2089897414","doi":"10.1016/j.jastp.2012.01.018","title":"Infrasound production by bolides: A global statistical study","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics","topic":"Seismic Waves and Analysis","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":97,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada; Western University","funders":"Natural Resources Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Infrasound; Amplitude; Range (aeronautics); Scaling; Exponent; Ranging; Yield (engineering); Waveform; Function (biology); Energy (signal processing); Physics; Environmental science; Wind speed; Meteorology; Computational physics; Statistics; Mathematics; Geodesy; Geology; Acoustics; Optics; Materials science; Geometry","authors":[{"name":"T.A. Ens","is_ca":true},{"name":"Peter Brown","is_ca":true},{"name":"W. N. Edwards","is_ca":true},{"name":"Elizabeth A. Silber","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01211579082539462,"gpt":0.2425864026047018,"spread":0.2304706117793072,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004053745,0.0001393149,0.0003149281,0.000002604913,0.0001290467,0.0001020467,0.000107662,0.00004364242,0.000144114],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009046599,0.0001013276,0.00008265887,0.0002048298,0.00007194559,0.000543286,0.00001063339,0.0001721388,0.00001325819],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001130989,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005613752,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006590943,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001947049,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987575,0.0001256429,0.0003817386,0.0001241889,0.0003505317,0.0002603745],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992707,0.00008601104,0.0002831467,0.00009290768,0.00003472404,0.0002324639],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002371918,0.0003221327,0.9208256,0.000006503441,0.0002156775,0.00001092325,0.0003391095,0.0009438685,0.00001337332,0.00002662649,0.006127789,0.07093122],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002637637,0.002248068,0.958859,0.00003841947,0.0008497119,0.0001499946,0.005376247,0.009649231,0.00001395629,0.007578551,0.01204905,0.0005501112],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9906812,0.0007968995,0.007106093,0.00006673566,0.001037028,0.00009891388,0.00003378751,0.00000664767,0.0001726692],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9953634,0.0001733421,0.002095673,0.00007103749,0.002240413,1.685131e-7,0.00001434347,0.00000319194,0.00003839194],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0703811,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4132018,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2126169632","doi":"10.1016/j.jastp.2006.02.010","title":"Estimates of meteoroid kinetic energies from observations of infrasonic airwaves","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics","topic":"Astro and Planetary Science","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":79,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Meteoroid; Amplitude; Infrasound; Explosive material; Atmosphere (unit); Physics; Meteor (satellite); Kinetic energy; Range (aeronautics); Geophysics; Geology; Acoustics; Seismology; Meteorology; Astronomy; Aerospace engineering; Optics; Geography; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"W. N. Edwards","is_ca":true},{"name":"Peter Brown","is_ca":true},{"name":"Douglas O. ReVelle","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01087685797794507,"gpt":0.2078431590293102,"spread":0.1969663010513651,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001020649,0.0001420508,0.0004114606,0.00000506161,0.00005600494,0.00002943246,0.0001848151,0.00003272684,0.00004839841],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001149763,0.0001150869,0.0001448394,0.0001600077,0.000142295,0.0003303312,0.00003220779,0.0001326754,6.726853e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000005758338,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009880385,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001465639,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004763005,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989342,0.00003630108,0.0005533271,0.0001039957,0.000226784,0.0001453829],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988113,0.0002120211,0.0007342934,0.0001218867,0.00007272445,0.00004778877],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002224111,0.0003836777,0.8215172,0.00002506152,0.0003150259,0.000004433632,0.0004567821,0.08146039,0.06162984,0.003466333,0.0009828904,0.02953592],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00275439,0.0009090874,0.892469,0.0002197498,0.0004658941,0.000003799857,0.0007945643,0.035746,0.01767582,0.04757451,0.0009703246,0.0004168546],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9765569,0.0003995587,0.02253557,0.00002088018,0.0002215087,0.00005033716,0.0000431413,0.000003320761,0.0001687658],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9689376,0.0000242255,0.03032373,0.000005359109,0.0006505999,5.157418e-7,0.00002735143,0.000007167448,0.00002349274],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.07095177,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4693107,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2031839859","doi":"10.1016/j.jastp.2007.04.009","title":"Stratospheric warming effects on the tropical mesospheric temperature field","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics","topic":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":60,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Mesosphere; Atmospheric sciences; Thermosphere; Environmental science; Atmosphere (unit); Microwave Limb Sounder; Depth sounding; Satellite; Stratosphere; Climatology; Ionosphere; Geology; Meteorology; Physics; Geophysics; Oceanography","authors":[{"name":"M. G. Shepherd","is_ca":true},{"name":"Dong L. Wu","is_ca":false},{"name":"I.N. Fedulina","is_ca":false},{"name":"S. Gurubaran","is_ca":false},{"name":"James M. Russell","is_ca":false},{"name":"M. G. Mlynczak","is_ca":false},{"name":"G. G. Shepherd","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00560029572497176,"gpt":0.2225083855888811,"spread":0.2169080898639093,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003616989,0.0003717038,0.0005277816,0.000002717399,0.0002954591,0.0001735298,0.0003462301,0.0001455496,0.0001695498],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000502073,0.0002429983,0.0003481024,0.0003262994,0.00008626834,0.0002778424,0.00006568138,0.0009601182,0.000009457588],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003833652,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001473098,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005162178,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003953372,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998088,0.0001239701,0.0006413762,0.0002445639,0.0004218453,0.0004802255],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979475,0.0009465693,0.0005194265,0.0002776069,0.00009027154,0.0002186388],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002499771,0.001071124,0.05587459,0.00008804174,0.001166321,0.0002493132,0.001392687,0.001243168,0.006462916,0.04681735,0.01557883,0.8675559],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.06094288,0.0479255,0.2115595,0.003554955,0.004905351,0.0005577577,0.0309148,0.03305341,0.1389239,0.2802086,0.1752934,0.01215991],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9523005,0.0002543242,0.04284628,0.000413265,0.001379512,0.0002787216,0.000002017384,0.00001980992,0.002505509],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9907316,0.00003533189,0.003587946,0.0005896141,0.004730103,0.000003848244,0.000002394233,0.00004063031,0.0002785313],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.855396,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9909184,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2020326200","doi":"10.1016/j.jastp.2004.01.008","title":"Variability of the quasi-2-day wave observed in the MLT region during the PSMOS campaign of June–August 1999","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics","topic":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":60,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University; University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Thermosphere; Amplitude; Wavenumber; Mesosphere; Southern Hemisphere; Gravity wave; Atmospheric sciences; Physics; Rossby wave; Northern Hemisphere; Latitude; Geology; Climatology; Geophysics; Meteorology; Ionosphere; Geodesy; Gravitational wave; Stratosphere; Astrophysics; Optics","authors":[{"name":"D. Pancheva","is_ca":false},{"name":"N. J. Mitchell","is_ca":false},{"name":"A. H. Manson","is_ca":true},{"name":"C. E. Meek","is_ca":true},{"name":"Christoph Jacobi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yu. I. Portnyagin","is_ca":false},{"name":"E. G. Merzlyakov","is_ca":false},{"name":"W. K. Hocking","is_ca":true},{"name":"J. W. MacDougall","is_ca":true},{"name":"W. Singer","is_ca":false},{"name":"K. Igarashi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ronald Clark","is_ca":false},{"name":"D. M. Riggin","is_ca":false},{"name":"Steven Franke","is_ca":false},{"name":"D. Kürschner","is_ca":false},{"name":"A.N. Fahrutdinova","is_ca":false},{"name":"А. М. Степанов","is_ca":false},{"name":"B. L. Kashcheyev","is_ca":false},{"name":"A.N. Oleynikov","is_ca":false},{"name":"Heinz Müller","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0132976160283227,"gpt":0.2094477397732588,"spread":0.1961501237449361,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008266074,0.0002334195,0.0004940116,0.000002333652,0.0001791861,0.00005122259,0.0005107321,0.00008204487,0.00001996511],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005073171,0.0001217059,0.0003942602,0.000371794,0.0002489026,0.0002537598,0.0001023759,0.0005810321,3.903831e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005113853,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002795302,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006882929,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003991582,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979324,0.0004294382,0.0008328998,0.0001668616,0.0003788316,0.000259572],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980199,0.0003126083,0.001054151,0.0004544266,0.0001058794,0.0000530457],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.004051527,0.008855841,0.7140802,0.0005902061,0.00197466,0.00008821804,0.0371968,0.08481516,0.006701942,0.06991824,0.002533011,0.06919421],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.02804847,0.002817601,0.6129425,0.001445554,0.001569242,0.000133239,0.02408523,0.01130588,0.005283906,0.3054037,0.00515344,0.00181117],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9850221,0.00009777045,0.01313237,0.0003501649,0.000642855,0.0003629692,0.000008165422,0.000003535143,0.0003800677],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984527,0.00004046372,0.0005261547,0.00004780051,0.000832465,0.000004953923,0.000002198499,0.00001838246,0.00007487897],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2354855,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4963021,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2086131178","doi":"10.1016/j.jastp.2005.02.029","title":"Mesospheric semiannual oscillation in temperature and nightglow emission","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics","topic":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":51,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Foundation for Climate and Atmospheric Sciences","keywords":"Airglow; Equator; Atmospheric sciences; Latitude; Northern Hemisphere; Environmental science; Quasi-biennial oscillation; Anomaly (physics); Climatology; Oscillation (cell signaling); Stratosphere; Geology; Physics; Chemistry; Geodesy","authors":[{"name":"M. G. Shepherd","is_ca":true},{"name":"Guiping Liu","is_ca":true},{"name":"G. G. Shepherd","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.004360857825449442,"gpt":0.2159187311714313,"spread":0.2115578733459818,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002119634,0.0002458584,0.000425844,0.000004215235,0.0001143705,0.0001168963,0.0001166244,0.0001182609,0.00009388236],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001076813,0.0002040734,0.0001152556,0.0002146834,0.00006303463,0.0006434807,0.00005372981,0.0004552617,0.000001978761],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004361305,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001331905,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005000144,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000800723,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986954,0.00007319036,0.0005372085,0.0002029027,0.0002303636,0.0002608975],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992,0.00006994988,0.000376502,0.0001208842,0.00006723086,0.0001654111],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001146526,0.000839801,0.2261014,0.00005575309,0.0003063477,0.0000446923,0.003894681,0.014349,0.006896055,0.002712013,0.01231155,0.7313422],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.06390394,0.006649043,0.1793077,0.002064069,0.001374444,0.0003901059,0.01891345,0.3669274,0.0049333,0.07984138,0.2685662,0.007128961],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9942153,0.000523718,0.003281482,0.000231811,0.000317538,0.0001431974,0.000004804439,0.000009762673,0.001272412],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9900401,0.0001197277,0.006563093,0.00008676513,0.002433686,0.000001942575,0.000008114366,0.00002443788,0.0007221514],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7242132,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8321871,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2085002392","doi":"10.1016/j.jastp.2014.07.005","title":"Optical observations of meteors generating infrasound—I: Acoustic signal identification and phenomenology","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics","topic":"Seismic Waves and Analysis","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":50,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Meteoroid; Infrasound; Physics; Meteor (satellite); Shock (circulatory); Geology; Astronomy; Acoustics","authors":[{"name":"Elizabeth A. Silber","is_ca":true},{"name":"Peter Brown","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01887933172858091,"gpt":0.2148084985712941,"spread":0.1959291668427132,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003788881,0.00009833225,0.0003026053,0.000007434026,0.000120255,0.00007278704,0.00009787792,0.00005584917,0.00003833161],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001354263,0.00007743666,0.00007557423,0.0001529877,0.000124322,0.000260269,0.00001144882,0.0001411976,0.000001143794],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000003433512,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004576974,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001209619,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001577753,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990028,0.00008866179,0.0004803783,0.0001138736,0.0001829036,0.0001314174],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990074,0.0003161845,0.0004437647,0.00007654815,0.00006141824,0.00009466826],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003427703,0.0001731808,0.3508896,0.00009016655,0.0007133647,0.0000127815,0.001143139,0.3165406,0.0382881,0.001502314,0.0002785985,0.2900253],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001035915,0.0006874592,0.2346617,0.00003343917,0.0004075674,0.00002713608,0.0006618256,0.7527793,0.0001755107,0.008962284,0.0003617089,0.000206134],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9206941,0.0002698607,0.07867068,0.00007689923,0.0001994024,0.00003626278,0.00000537178,0.000003128185,0.00004426252],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9871609,0.0001868386,0.01187978,0.00007041916,0.0006673464,1.297393e-7,0.00001105217,0.000003133269,0.0000204313],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4362387,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3157775,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3035260802","doi":"10.1016/j.jastp.2020.105339","title":"Climatology of the main (24-h and 12-h) tides observed by meteor radars at Svalbard and Tromsø: Comparison with the models CMAM-DAS and WACCM-X","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics","topic":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":49,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science; Environment Canada; Environment and Climate Change Canada; Universitetet i Tromsø; University of Saskatchewan; National Center for Atmospheric Research; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Meteor (satellite); Zonal and meridional; Altitude (triangle); Climatology; Latitude; Forcing (mathematics); Radar; Atmospheric sciences; Geology; Amplitude; Atmospheric model; Environmental science; Meteorology; Geodesy; Geography; Oceanography; Physics","authors":[{"name":"D. Pancheva","is_ca":false},{"name":"P. Mukhtarov","is_ca":false},{"name":"Christopher Hall","is_ca":false},{"name":"C. E. Meek","is_ca":true},{"name":"Masaki Tsutsumi","is_ca":false},{"name":"N. M. Pedatella","is_ca":false},{"name":"Satonori Nozawa","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02071851697171438,"gpt":0.2198217088239107,"spread":0.1991031918521964,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001721771,0.0002643462,0.000664275,0.00000142318,0.0002415821,0.00009156853,0.000188134,0.00007101491,0.00001468937],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009086169,0.0001515296,0.0001154981,0.000103346,0.0003711923,0.0002694999,0.0001852828,0.0003648779,2.224182e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001310735,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007435775,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001361214,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002023608,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986842,0.0001642837,0.0004734741,0.0002178072,0.0002178342,0.0002424465],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987856,0.0002150741,0.0006418901,0.0001497254,0.00004538954,0.0001622939],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.01109262,0.001033349,0.7044195,0.0004879668,0.004191616,0.00004073671,0.01919354,0.01139128,0.01436291,0.02117875,0.03713091,0.1754768],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0578857,0.01418018,0.06506213,0.0008123146,0.00682284,0.0003621593,0.03424561,0.6929948,0.006400018,0.07646449,0.04065087,0.004118949],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9857931,0.001191581,0.01132664,0.001118242,0.0001301928,0.0002463811,0.00002625088,0.000005280352,0.0001623622],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9967344,0.0002063294,0.002495151,0.0001700697,0.0002794941,0.000002636913,0.000004795018,0.00002576788,0.00008129681],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6816035,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6179198,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2021406646","doi":"10.1016/j.jastp.2011.01.003","title":"An evaluation of uncertainties in monitoring middle atmosphere temperatures with the ground-based lidar network in support of space observations","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics","topic":"Atmospheric Ozone and Climate","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":48,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Institut national des sciences de l'Univers; Jet Propulsion Laboratory; European Commission; Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; California Institute of Technology; Scheme for Promotion of Academic and Research Collaboration; University of Toronto","keywords":"Lidar; Weighting; Environmental science; Remote sensing; Meteorology; Classification of discontinuities; Atmosphere (unit); Satellite; Term (time); Range (aeronautics); Geology; Physics; Mathematics; Aerospace engineering","authors":[{"name":"Philippe Keckhut","is_ca":false},{"name":"William J. Randel","is_ca":false},{"name":"Chantal Claud","is_ca":false},{"name":"Thierry Leblanc","is_ca":false},{"name":"Wolfgang Steinbrecht","is_ca":false},{"name":"Beatriz M. Funatsu","is_ca":false},{"name":"H. Bencherif","is_ca":false},{"name":"I. S. McDermid","is_ca":false},{"name":"Alain Hauchecorne","is_ca":false},{"name":"Craig S. Long","is_ca":false},{"name":"R. Lin","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gerd Baumgarten","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06101050857215348,"gpt":0.2492870793709336,"spread":0.1882765707987802,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001026051,0.0001570042,0.0003804763,0.000001937175,0.00008031193,0.00003623187,0.0002141437,0.00006836062,0.0000723494],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002846525,0.0001004446,0.00007184445,0.0004671367,0.000146901,0.0005097791,0.000007752556,0.0002503423,3.384481e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001489318,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003606441,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0028392,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001097983,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983776,0.0002541976,0.0005197308,0.0001317696,0.0004975164,0.000219249],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988617,0.0001436163,0.0006089293,0.0001644308,0.0001561487,0.00006516631],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006091688,0.00009267489,0.8042694,0.00001840681,0.00003577536,0.000008747623,0.001764061,0.1892269,0.00004833504,0.00002808596,0.00002657708,0.003871916],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001867795,0.001391846,0.959453,0.0001659848,0.0001318384,0.000006100773,0.004439609,0.03081504,0.0002078405,0.001309129,0.00005255189,0.0001592467],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9983623,0.0006112354,0.0003768416,0.00005261675,0.0002515298,0.0001831119,0.000003899774,0.000003601214,0.0001548901],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9913903,0.0001140076,0.008151179,0.00002777676,0.00029604,0.000001369443,0.000005770863,0.000006708189,0.000006795484],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1584118,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4292039,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2131180244","doi":"10.1016/j.jastp.2007.07.004","title":"Ground-based mesospheric temperatures at mid-latitude derived from O2 and OH airglow SATI data: Comparison with SABER measurements","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics","topic":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":43,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Airglow; Depth sounding; Atmospheric sciences; Rotational temperature; Atmosphere (unit); Latitude; Satellite; Environmental science; Observatory; Spectral line; Physics; Climatology; Meteorology; Astrophysics; Geology; Astronomy","authors":[{"name":"M. J. López‐González","is_ca":false},{"name":"Maya Garcı́a-Comas","is_ca":false},{"name":"E. Rodrı́guez","is_ca":false},{"name":"M. López‐Puertas","is_ca":false},{"name":"M. G. Shepherd","is_ca":true},{"name":"G. G. Shepherd","is_ca":true},{"name":"S. Sargoytchev","is_ca":true},{"name":"V. M. Aushev","is_ca":false},{"name":"S. M. Smith","is_ca":false},{"name":"M. G. Mlynczak","is_ca":false},{"name":"James M. Russell","is_ca":false},{"name":"Stephen Brown","is_ca":true},{"name":"Y.‐M. Cho","is_ca":true},{"name":"R. H. Wiens","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02597296987657057,"gpt":0.2598942551664696,"spread":0.233921285289899,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004127961,0.0004511507,0.000778819,0.000005088144,0.0003197549,0.0002684209,0.0003785038,0.0001119686,0.00009179796],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002023965,0.0003541413,0.0001276806,0.0002544814,0.0001954786,0.0007209867,0.0001725854,0.0004681582,0.000002815723],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001006363,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003127871,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009863329,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002495451,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976366,0.0001112846,0.000770155,0.000432606,0.0005999823,0.0004493618],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998042,0.0002182713,0.0008343551,0.0004418362,0.0001613761,0.0003021421],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.005437894,0.00140073,0.8680962,0.00006751971,0.002279346,0.00008683726,0.001245677,0.007577807,0.01528003,0.0003023698,0.002996387,0.09522923],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0814995,0.00816917,0.72091,0.00163874,0.005450303,0.0001037004,0.007457456,0.1038595,0.02049191,0.01194779,0.03160124,0.006870708],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8815142,0.0007678188,0.1165005,0.0000767115,0.0004895389,0.0002491398,0.00003367133,0.00001848616,0.0003499883],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.953598,0.00003113672,0.04404349,0.0001251117,0.001942805,0.000002225072,0.0001250063,0.00005237952,0.00007983149],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1471861,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999891,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2132259172","doi":"10.1016/j.jastp.2011.06.001","title":"Evidence of solar signals in tree rings of Smith fir from Sygera Mountain in southeast Tibet","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics","topic":"Tree-ring climate responses","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":41,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation; University of British Columbia; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Sunspot; Dendrochronology; Plateau (mathematics); Climatology; Precipitation; Solar minimum; Environmental science; Climate change; Atmospheric sciences; Solar cycle; Meteorology; Geography; Geology; Physics; Mathematics; Solar wind; Oceanography","authors":[{"name":"Xiaochun Wang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Qi‐Bin Zhang","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04503090178862418,"gpt":0.2412211107317439,"spread":0.1961902089431197,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007098536,0.0001823871,0.000632687,0.00002048996,0.0000303699,0.00002826971,0.0003044781,0.00009466621,0.0001048704],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001771757,0.0001462304,0.0001261344,0.0002887006,0.0001449879,0.0005641753,0.00002611402,0.0003032811,0.00000392914],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001170856,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002007398,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006023667,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007593114,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981134,0.0002515542,0.0008415446,0.0001746706,0.0003611946,0.0002576452],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982785,0.00066552,0.0007470921,0.0001570971,0.00003904502,0.0001127369],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.003216084,0.0001289244,0.9587491,0.00004752648,0.00005264606,0.00007224834,0.002195556,0.002488848,0.001288889,0.000004074985,0.00001099315,0.03174508],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001502666,0.0009207184,0.9874312,0.001009943,0.00004912579,0.00001028377,0.0009935332,0.004578593,0.001283366,0.002030587,0.00001733467,0.0001727058],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.996953,0.002240653,0.0003459514,0.00002306831,0.0001735238,0.0001092261,0.00002652848,0.000004306676,0.0001238127],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9961873,0.0006282798,0.002983457,0.00001021608,0.0001746087,2.896815e-7,0.000001830783,0.000007033063,0.000007010856],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03157238,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9106023,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1991295150","doi":"10.1016/s1364-6826(02)00282-1","title":"Modulation of gravity waves by planetary waves (2 and 16 d): observations with the North American-Pacific MLT-MFR radar network","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics","topic":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University; University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Intermittency; Gravity wave; Thermosphere; Gravitational wave; Mesosphere; Radar; Infragravity wave; Geology; Atmospheric sciences; Climatology; Physics; Geophysics; Meteorology; Wave propagation; Ionosphere; Astrophysics; Turbulence; Longitudinal wave; Stratosphere; Mechanical wave; Telecommunications; Optics","authors":[{"name":"A. H. Manson","is_ca":true},{"name":"C. E. Meek","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yi Luo","is_ca":true},{"name":"W. K. Hocking","is_ca":true},{"name":"J. W. MacDougall","is_ca":true},{"name":"D. M. Riggin","is_ca":false},{"name":"David C. Fritts","is_ca":false},{"name":"R. A. Vincent","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007050779302787817,"gpt":0.1912389955353462,"spread":0.1841882162325583,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001676626,0.0002249816,0.0004351053,0.000002029024,0.0002203341,0.0000697963,0.0001193006,0.00003283441,0.00001540703],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000006036482,0.0001512029,0.0000985768,0.0002703002,0.0002473225,0.0003072362,0.00002321735,0.0002796478,3.385554e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001569197,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001092699,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003141706,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005467875,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988297,0.0001335852,0.000408376,0.0001603386,0.0002311556,0.0002369053],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987383,0.0001585483,0.0007511892,0.0001692465,0.00007930464,0.0001033989],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008934138,0.0005224605,0.8437485,0.00004069843,0.000994713,0.000007063004,0.001009736,0.0254163,0.0004824646,0.007080548,0.009193666,0.1106105],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01276752,0.005738675,0.8175517,0.0002825274,0.002008486,0.00007874807,0.01031758,0.04499378,0.0003310238,0.05678609,0.04667349,0.002470329],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9455108,0.0002647205,0.0534876,0.0001021951,0.0001753298,0.0001689973,0.00002643323,0.000005619684,0.0002582688],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9910975,0.0001191735,0.008010753,0.00003415009,0.0005736711,0.000002132575,0.00004416773,0.0000210739,0.00009743589],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1081401,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6165876,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2965407021","doi":"10.1016/j.jastp.2019.105099","title":"Validation of water vapor measured by SABER on the TIMED satellite","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics","topic":"Atmospheric Ozone and Climate","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":39,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","keywords":"Stratopause; Radiance; Water vapor; Tropopause; Stratosphere; Mesopause; Depth sounding; Environmental science; Mixing ratio; Mesosphere; Atmospheric sciences; Atmospheric sounding; Atmosphere (unit); Altitude (triangle); Remote sensing; Meteorology; Physics; Geology; Mathematics","authors":[{"name":"Pingping Rong","is_ca":false},{"name":"James M. Russell","is_ca":false},{"name":"B. T. Marshall","is_ca":false},{"name":"L. L. Gordley","is_ca":false},{"name":"M. G. Mlynczak","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kaley A. Walker","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01378169375152811,"gpt":0.2031583028093709,"spread":0.1893766090578428,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005207614,0.0001578486,0.0003450376,0.000001408515,0.00008190319,0.00006774011,0.0001873461,0.00007300764,0.0008647432],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003097985,0.00008101523,0.0001401257,0.0001085471,0.00007296776,0.0002997151,0.00001113408,0.0002202353,0.00008558542],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000005646917,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004554046,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001106858,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002425808,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986168,0.0001420112,0.0004499349,0.0001339302,0.0004360668,0.0002212274],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990786,0.000217231,0.0003870805,0.0001652226,0.000064076,0.00008779696],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.007430616,0.0007191847,0.4909432,0.000171757,0.00147261,0.00005430464,0.005259688,0.01887583,0.05024201,0.0001673598,0.0152726,0.4093908],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.03099322,0.02334159,0.3355911,0.001275119,0.002329789,0.0002890863,0.007309624,0.07991893,0.3566729,0.04573708,0.111943,0.004598558],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9967961,0.0003383206,0.0001859912,0.0002446808,0.0005928084,0.0001563792,0.000007995649,0.000005719144,0.001672],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985037,0.0003182702,0.000406099,0.0001608485,0.0003308469,2.412416e-7,0.00001286367,0.000006861184,0.0002602818],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4047923,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9468331,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2056451297","doi":"10.1016/j.jastp.2007.07.014","title":"Semidiurnal tides from the extended Canadian Middle Atmosphere Model (CMAM) and comparisons with TIMED Doppler interferometer (TIDI) and meteor radar observations","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics","topic":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":38,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"","keywords":"Thermosphere; Amplitude; Latitude; Mesosphere; Atmospheric tide; Atmospheric sciences; Stratosphere; Atmospheric model; Atmosphere (unit); Middle latitudes; Geology; Interferometry; Zonal and meridional; Ionosphere; Geodesy; Climatology; Geophysics; Physics; Meteorology; Oceanography; Astronomy","authors":[{"name":"Jian Du","is_ca":true},{"name":"W. E. Ward","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jens Oberheide","is_ca":false},{"name":"Takuji Nakamura","is_ca":false},{"name":"Toshitaka Tsuda","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0226969716615688,"gpt":0.2200735873639231,"spread":0.1973766157023543,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003679421,0.0003430909,0.0005346153,0.000003226968,0.0004767902,0.0002840284,0.0002254675,0.00009526895,0.00007210909],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001513696,0.0002327941,0.0001264257,0.0001594658,0.0002325231,0.0004925467,0.00007725218,0.0006418158,0.000001354985],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005322433,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003445291,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01236001,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006029787,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983788,0.00008445031,0.000581232,0.0002611303,0.0002624197,0.0004320083],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984255,0.00034682,0.0004600491,0.000217319,0.0001298177,0.0004204349],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.005478552,0.001376395,0.6259845,0.00009503875,0.006168018,0.0001820999,0.0164138,0.01365456,0.00374463,0.01665749,0.02815372,0.2820912],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.02809968,0.004439718,0.2807612,0.001232489,0.004232889,0.0003298184,0.03358067,0.5478685,0.001188987,0.06758398,0.02647753,0.004204517],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8951216,0.0005354983,0.1031237,0.0002960289,0.0002211075,0.0002224576,0.00005058199,0.00000953476,0.0004194495],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9534404,0.00006745217,0.04514849,0.0002002202,0.0008731776,0.000003254818,0.00002337374,0.00003974075,0.000203856],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.534214,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9942167,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2299451092","doi":"10.1016/j.jastp.2016.03.002","title":"Comparison of DMSP and SECS region-1 and region-2 ionospheric current boundary","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics","topic":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"U.S. Geological Survey; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Canadian Space Agency; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Magnetometer; Ionosphere; Spacecraft; Geodesy; Boundary current; Longitude; Geophysics; Geographic coordinate system; Latitude; Physics; Earth's magnetic field; Current (fluid); Defense Meteorological Satellite Program; Geology; Boundary (topology); Amplitude; Remote sensing; Magnetic field; Ocean current; Astronomy","authors":[{"name":"J. M. Weygand","is_ca":false},{"name":"S. Wing","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01903166489736252,"gpt":0.2721242652736316,"spread":0.2530926003762691,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001355019,0.0002953986,0.000726085,0.000004460911,0.0001620011,0.00008807542,0.0001561589,0.00008400379,0.00002517144],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001786395,0.0002093383,0.0001674125,0.0001442335,0.0003381425,0.0004934295,0.0001144681,0.0002927947,0.00000114388],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002586454,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001626828,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000621313,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002130111,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983712,0.00009202427,0.0007574864,0.0002494555,0.000247812,0.0002820365],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983006,0.0002006907,0.0009558076,0.0001973139,0.0001257258,0.0002199169],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004069042,0.0003685754,0.2316899,0.00006397524,0.0002254462,0.000009791178,0.0008439205,0.00005526583,0.0003990863,0.003256391,0.00245,0.7602308],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.06394196,0.0139802,0.1856696,0.005503166,0.003833559,0.000668979,0.01448264,0.03656894,0.00333208,0.351278,0.3139151,0.006825764],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9131674,0.003355914,0.08193115,0.0002022567,0.000815777,0.0001780987,0.000006657816,0.00001076395,0.0003319372],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9955002,0.0009391039,0.002078299,0.00001951027,0.001289586,0.000002607388,0.000002719314,0.0000293859,0.0001386016],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.753405,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8536566,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2033505153","doi":"10.1016/j.jastp.2008.09.028","title":"The Polar Cap (PC) indices: Relations to solar wind parameters and global magnetic activity","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics","topic":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India; Alberta Agricultural Research Institute; California Institute of Technology","keywords":"Polar; Solar wind; Polar cap; Atmospheric sciences; Physics; Meteorology; Environmental science; Astrobiology; Geodesy; Geology; Astronomy; Plasma; Nuclear physics","authors":[{"name":"P. Stauning","is_ca":false},{"name":"О. А. Troshichev","is_ca":false},{"name":"Alexander Janzhura","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009779732554978283,"gpt":0.2224565468869351,"spread":0.2126768143319568,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000221342,0.0002625404,0.0003793903,0.000002790571,0.0006323609,0.000146917,0.0002034073,0.00008391162,0.00003001233],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002337113,0.0001983951,0.0001748162,0.0002470697,0.0001996036,0.0004933287,0.00009628065,0.0004083427,0.000008956888],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005140181,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002145914,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005006112,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001898258,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985682,0.0001228423,0.0004251835,0.0001913139,0.0002954373,0.0003970486],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988136,0.0001923428,0.0004108421,0.0001981094,0.00007052926,0.0003145868],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001404889,0.0008326414,0.4994073,0.00002514309,0.0008494638,0.00005052932,0.003354903,0.004392251,0.0005804468,0.004317781,0.004997762,0.4797869],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01771585,0.008051566,0.7936245,0.000337667,0.002206981,0.0005436191,0.007444945,0.02316703,0.0005116852,0.0609304,0.08178745,0.003678375],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9805169,0.000624506,0.01714508,0.0002448518,0.000617635,0.0002356858,0.00002033718,0.000009931661,0.0005851382],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9944281,0.0001316108,0.004118893,0.00007168448,0.001022632,0.000002840061,0.000003303534,0.00002096434,0.0001999607],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4761085,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8090318,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2039110980","doi":"10.1016/j.jastp.2009.04.007","title":"The radiative energy budget of the middle atmosphere and its parameterization in general circulation models","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics","topic":"Atmospheric Ozone and Climate","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"Scheme for Promotion of Academic and Research Collaboration; Canadian Foundation for Climate and Atmospheric Sciences","keywords":"Atmosphere (unit); Radiative transfer; Energy balance; Earth's energy budget; Environmental science; Energy budget; Radiative cooling; Radiant energy; Thermal; General Circulation Model; Thermal radiation; Meteorology; Atmospheric sciences; Radiation; Physics; Geology; Climate change; Thermodynamics; Optics","authors":[{"name":"V. I. Fomichev","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01993519558603422,"gpt":0.2081700473347061,"spread":0.1882348517486719,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002431005,0.0001383305,0.0002724488,8.409521e-7,0.0001782313,0.00007029814,0.0001609697,0.0000724864,0.00000976399],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003472399,0.00007997412,0.00009066729,0.0002454041,0.00007951658,0.0004614762,0.00001249764,0.0001586286,3.07101e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000008919747,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008558301,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002344459,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007155415,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988033,0.0001645462,0.000463322,0.0001212138,0.0002592737,0.0001883646],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999113,0.0001386852,0.0005268896,0.0001024381,0.00004928057,0.00006967186],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000639309,0.00008492183,0.07458162,0.00001583333,0.00009064157,0.00001032029,0.00167692,0.6846593,0.000288429,0.002161677,0.00007416619,0.2357169],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009799206,0.000337671,0.1899603,0.00004883911,0.00004541156,0.00001670587,0.000286415,0.784238,0.00008202677,0.02372387,0.000151161,0.0001297233],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9932208,0.00243006,0.003531143,0.0001865801,0.0003002877,0.0001027861,0.000004318701,0.000003365943,0.0002206342],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9968247,0.001885869,0.0008555666,0.0001147478,0.0002823561,3.007831e-7,0.000002899271,0.000003846352,0.00002973455],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2355872,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.326125,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2057917032","doi":"10.1016/j.jastp.2010.11.011","title":"Instrumental errors in spectral-width turbulence measurements by radars","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics","topic":"Wind and Air Flow Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Spectral width; Turbulence; Computational physics; Beam (structure); Anisotropy; Physics; Dissipation; Optics; Meteorology","authors":[{"name":"Armin Dehghan","is_ca":true},{"name":"W. K. Hocking","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01109061461445597,"gpt":0.2190860127679505,"spread":0.2079953981534945,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002862405,0.0001827666,0.0002977983,0.000002917673,0.0001150263,0.00004808293,0.0002198633,0.00006555402,0.0001302786],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003467416,0.0001459525,0.000097003,0.0001663103,0.0002141822,0.0004769381,0.00009733444,0.0004618096,0.00001134967],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006427985,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002736382,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001411748,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004478501,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986463,0.00004375153,0.000394883,0.0001797492,0.0004605815,0.0002747501],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994596,0.00002725397,0.0002666396,0.0001036437,0.00000679107,0.0001360214],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000425794,0.0007889715,0.7452851,0.0000124599,0.0001044418,0.0000654097,0.001558479,0.0007178608,0.08868854,0.0000143698,0.01206141,0.1502772],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.03199017,0.004604804,0.8110839,0.0005388049,0.0004439858,0.0004004878,0.003290341,0.007099671,0.0519564,0.01865061,0.06634519,0.003595604],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9979845,0.0001021788,0.0001501948,0.0001976671,0.0008638482,0.00009586511,0.00000270532,0.000006187804,0.0005969052],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9959607,0.0001333174,0.0033336,0.00009614984,0.0004004134,0.000001574468,8.54671e-7,0.00001226757,0.00006115618],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1466815,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5951769,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2038293256","doi":"10.1016/j.jastp.2007.07.012","title":"Large-scale thermodynamics of the stratosphere and mesosphere during the major stratospheric warming in 2003/2004","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics","topic":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan; Western University","funders":"Langley Research Center","keywords":"Stratosphere; Mesosphere; Atmospheric sciences; Sudden stratospheric warming; Northern Hemisphere; Environmental science; Mesopause; Climatology; Geology; Polar vortex","authors":[{"name":"P. Mukhtarov","is_ca":false},{"name":"D. Pancheva","is_ca":false},{"name":"B. Andonov","is_ca":false},{"name":"N. J. Mitchell","is_ca":false},{"name":"E. G. Merzlyakov","is_ca":false},{"name":"W. Singer","is_ca":false},{"name":"W. K. Hocking","is_ca":true},{"name":"C. E. Meek","is_ca":true},{"name":"A. H. Manson","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yasuhiro Murayama","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.004215652249486727,"gpt":0.2104664364675976,"spread":0.2062507842181108,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006821089,0.0003834569,0.0006224049,0.000003444379,0.0002993213,0.0001044782,0.0004633345,0.0001412179,0.00009170853],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002185866,0.0002461461,0.0002435665,0.000689422,0.0002577137,0.000411086,0.000176404,0.00081308,8.653465e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006029789,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002957477,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002987374,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002947101,"domain_scores_codex":[0.99757,0.000132781,0.001029036,0.0002713474,0.000428521,0.00056836],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982049,0.0001511789,0.0009746609,0.0003600771,0.0001586858,0.000150532],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002113136,0.001833914,0.8170706,0.0003108732,0.001176821,0.00008730406,0.0100149,0.01130025,0.007790578,0.01494132,0.0004824254,0.1328779],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.03153743,0.001860222,0.7252396,0.001398369,0.001473628,0.0002477493,0.09298425,0.08064933,0.005308901,0.05193451,0.004240521,0.003125513],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9789462,0.001051009,0.01755558,0.0000657979,0.000594298,0.0003853776,0.00001662465,0.000008903291,0.001376171],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9962428,0.00008196291,0.002502886,0.00004168471,0.0007827931,0.000003335118,0.000002287181,0.00004750232,0.0002947285],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1297524,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999991,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2045630855","doi":"10.1016/s1364-6826(02)00045-7","title":"General circulation model results on migrating and nonmigrating tides in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere. Part I: comparison with observations","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics","topic":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; Russian Academy of Sciences; University of Saskatchewan; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Thermosphere; Longitude; Atmospheric sciences; Southern Hemisphere; Latitude; Northern Hemisphere; Atmospheric tide; Climatology; Geology; Environmental science; Ionosphere; Geophysics; Geodesy","authors":[{"name":"N. Grieger","is_ca":false},{"name":"E. M. Volodin","is_ca":false},{"name":"Peter Hoffmann","is_ca":false},{"name":"A. H. Manson","is_ca":true},{"name":"David C. Fritts","is_ca":false},{"name":"K. Igarashi","is_ca":false},{"name":"W. Singer","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0302157547599813,"gpt":0.2344066122473641,"spread":0.2041908574873828,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002721767,0.000259331,0.0003886273,0.000002552129,0.0002495696,0.0002092204,0.0001239697,0.00006664259,0.00001530449],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001774146,0.000174228,0.00007519784,0.000182476,0.00009641577,0.0004161528,0.00002995606,0.0004226516,5.922504e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001840387,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004069551,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001700079,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000084214,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985366,0.0001114485,0.0006093849,0.0002292382,0.0002708314,0.0002424495],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989182,0.0002098765,0.0005600994,0.0001666805,0.0000621812,0.0000829723],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001372215,0.001407876,0.3144545,0.00005516565,0.0004311691,0.00003774544,0.01472501,0.4143925,0.0006779941,0.01117012,0.005211884,0.2360638],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00322805,0.0007270837,0.01970114,0.0001654021,0.0001171069,0.00001129937,0.002588463,0.9692603,0.0000182235,0.003345747,0.0005028867,0.0003343407],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9877526,0.00028766,0.0101562,0.0002966477,0.0001302439,0.0002231059,0.000008605722,0.000007684996,0.001137291],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9889445,0.00006813193,0.009877137,0.0001211778,0.0008272488,0.000006356865,0.000008059049,0.00002324462,0.000124136],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5548677,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.710481,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2041271675","doi":"10.1016/j.jastp.2005.12.010","title":"Atmospheric neutral temperature distribution at the mesopause altitude","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics","topic":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Thermosphere; Mesopause; Radiance; Airglow; Atmospheric sciences; Environmental science; Mesosphere; Atmosphere (unit); Radiative transfer; Remote sensing; Physics; Stratosphere; Meteorology; Optics; Geology; Ionosphere; Astronomy","authors":[{"name":"Oleg Gusev","is_ca":false},{"name":"Martin Kaufmann","is_ca":false},{"name":"K. U. Grossmann","is_ca":false},{"name":"F. J. Schmidlin","is_ca":false},{"name":"M. G. Shepherd","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.004063813268645015,"gpt":0.2040669393468046,"spread":0.2000031260781596,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002314406,0.0003589371,0.0004870978,8.449367e-7,0.0004482759,0.0002086672,0.0002996535,0.0001154407,0.0001620584],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008183815,0.0002448876,0.000347091,0.0002674493,0.0001844015,0.0004311438,0.0001159596,0.0005500639,0.00001306484],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000917596,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001689671,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005356395,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003992873,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982148,0.000121166,0.0006695288,0.000246144,0.000321442,0.0004268652],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986746,0.0001199586,0.0006627954,0.0002777603,0.0001238246,0.0001410104],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.004493921,0.004420532,0.2856161,0.0001513551,0.002674238,0.0002874809,0.001527215,0.1075898,0.01624917,0.08926062,0.2791855,0.2085441],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.04198731,0.006290204,0.2377869,0.0006452547,0.004501987,0.0006101594,0.004537234,0.06011662,0.01091306,0.1811492,0.4447062,0.006755804],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9852481,0.000713787,0.01139336,0.0003239558,0.00110593,0.0002389934,0.00004200685,0.00002063807,0.0009131687],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9920974,0.00006336175,0.001317979,0.00008614711,0.004750263,0.000006440488,0.000100387,0.00003938323,0.001538645],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2017883,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9986228,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2053430878","doi":"10.1016/j.jastp.2008.10.002","title":"Responses of polar mesospheric cloud brightness to stratospheric gravity waves at the South Pole and Rothera, Antarctica","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics","topic":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"British Antarctic Survey","keywords":"Brightness; Atmospheric sciences; Correlation coefficient; Latitude; Confidence interval; Physics; Environmental science; Astronomy; Mathematics; Statistics","authors":[{"name":"Xinzhao Chu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Chihoko Yamashita","is_ca":false},{"name":"P. J. Espy","is_ca":false},{"name":"G. J. Nott","is_ca":true},{"name":"E. J. Jensen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Hanli Liu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Wentao Huang","is_ca":false},{"name":"J. P. Thayer","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01068978849515742,"gpt":0.2282177557566566,"spread":0.2175279672614992,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003454405,0.0003834119,0.0007486917,0.000003996472,0.000460847,0.00008037805,0.0003181728,0.00009544011,0.0001806054],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002575804,0.0002715014,0.000281539,0.0003597941,0.0004263808,0.0003108487,0.0001739768,0.000395418,0.000005268465],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004325896,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002973955,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000662024,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000202646,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978483,0.0002452433,0.0007636356,0.0003000822,0.0004262229,0.0004165368],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982495,0.0002479993,0.0007314329,0.0003436815,0.0001488791,0.0002785134],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.01316457,0.002381782,0.7878125,0.000202536,0.002874904,0.0002007923,0.02347541,0.004931532,0.02239759,0.008991005,0.00790388,0.1256635],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.04407119,0.02054586,0.6858848,0.001084536,0.0035045,0.001477073,0.03179085,0.01423669,0.02731201,0.07451393,0.08740599,0.008172621],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9840521,0.0006831291,0.01383225,0.000217746,0.0005194804,0.0003185638,0.00004166997,0.000011821,0.0003232527],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9929714,0.0001364717,0.004538118,0.0001059057,0.001293218,0.00000467545,0.00000491434,0.00004748984,0.0008978083],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1174908,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999737,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2013336258","doi":"10.1016/j.jastp.2007.04.001","title":"Calculation of geomagnetically induced currents (GIC) in a high-voltage electric power transmission system and estimation of effects of overhead shield wires on GIC modelling","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics","topic":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Geomagnetically induced current; Overhead (engineering); Space weather; Electric power transmission; Grid; Power transmission; Transmission (telecommunications); Shield; Electric power system; Power grid; Electrical engineering; Power (physics); Computer science; Engineering; Physics; Geomagnetic storm; Meteorology; Geology; Earth's magnetic field; Geodesy; Magnetic field","authors":[{"name":"Risto Pirjola","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006001998768252057,"gpt":0.2231566561430901,"spread":0.217154657374838,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002817153,0.0001893032,0.0005558413,0.0000155194,0.00003494494,0.00001507686,0.00008625041,0.0001059962,0.000004164745],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001373698,0.0001628233,0.0001258457,0.0002502505,0.00003868694,0.0002099874,0.00001731281,0.0002578569,1.276322e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002968868,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008518829,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002287939,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.71162e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984528,0.00006492969,0.0008325467,0.0001451139,0.0003135964,0.0001909896],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986797,0.0002861153,0.000765322,0.0001023208,0.00008031351,0.00008622155],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.005102389,0.002294254,0.02314956,0.001651724,0.0003829305,0.00002755117,0.002534267,0.3034899,0.06636669,0.02254323,0.00001506612,0.5724425],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0079572,0.004597186,0.02332313,0.002204897,0.0003079067,0.000004836841,0.0002862298,0.935445,0.01935744,0.006109321,0.000009668811,0.0003971563],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7033277,0.0001976408,0.2960882,0.000003550675,0.0001612685,0.0001714373,0.000001249907,0.000002644515,0.00004624408],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9964835,0.00003919282,0.003317128,0.000002362988,0.0001337837,0.000001099408,0.000003346262,0.00001557483,0.00000400048],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6319551,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6639739,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2080396284","doi":"10.1016/j.jastp.2013.03.024","title":"Observation of nighttime medium-scale travelling ionospheric disturbances by two 630-nm airglow imagers near the auroral zone","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics","topic":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Athabasca University","funders":"Athabasca University","keywords":"Airglow; Ionosphere; Thermosphere; Geology; Latitude; Middle latitudes; Gravity wave; Phase velocity; Atmospheric sciences; F region; Wavelength; Geophysics; Geodesy; Gravitational wave; Physics; Astrophysics; Optics","authors":[{"name":"K. Shiokawa","is_ca":false},{"name":"Masao Mori","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yuichi Otsuka","is_ca":false},{"name":"Shin‐ichiro Oyama","is_ca":false},{"name":"Satonori Nozawa","is_ca":false},{"name":"S. Suzuki","is_ca":false},{"name":"Martin Connors","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006597865368067529,"gpt":0.2098038665990048,"spread":0.2032060012309373,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003061523,0.0003284651,0.0006153708,0.000001994664,0.000317594,0.0002824426,0.0003830802,0.00007738941,0.000276214],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009982942,0.0002304985,0.0003258015,0.0002895982,0.0003602349,0.0008560145,0.00005920059,0.0004538921,0.00001028899],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003230567,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002281668,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001672311,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001003418,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979554,0.0001475797,0.0008798154,0.0002286007,0.0004251315,0.0003634884],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981203,0.0002082826,0.001060737,0.000245699,0.0002034306,0.0001615573],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008650434,0.002007103,0.1764985,0.0001303008,0.001566315,0.00001251286,0.007383197,0.02218172,0.02164013,0.001702534,0.0401545,0.7258582],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.03482354,0.005906281,0.0957146,0.0009697136,0.002981188,0.00005837379,0.02408073,0.6576054,0.01632254,0.07847025,0.07794676,0.005120661],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8865984,0.0004838918,0.1110568,0.0003175456,0.0008070047,0.0003076545,0.00001427177,0.00001280769,0.0004016027],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9831777,0.00007679564,0.01423814,0.00009169392,0.001708291,0.00001051831,0.00002675679,0.00004018102,0.0006298699],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7207375,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9399458,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2743865761","doi":"10.1016/j.jastp.2017.07.023","title":"Tropospheric weather influenced by solar wind through atmospheric vertical coupling downward control","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics","topic":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Communications Research Centre Canada; Natural Resources Canada; University of New Brunswick","funders":"Natural Resources Canada; Vedecká Grantová Agentúra MŠVVaŠ SR a SAV; Slovenská Akadémia Vied; University of New Brunswick","keywords":"Thermosphere; Atmospheric sciences; Gravity wave; Atmosphere (unit); Troposphere; Geophysics; Atmospheric wave; Environmental science; Physics; Ionosphere; Meteorology; Gravitational wave; Astrophysics","authors":[{"name":"Paul Prikryl","is_ca":true},{"name":"R. Bruntz","is_ca":false},{"name":"Takumi Tsukijihara","is_ca":false},{"name":"Koki Iwao","is_ca":false},{"name":"D. B. Muldrew","is_ca":true},{"name":"Milan Rybanský","is_ca":false},{"name":"Maroš Turňa","is_ca":false},{"name":"Pavel Šťastný","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007549262888713851,"gpt":0.2392465670360098,"spread":0.2316973041472959,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003289555,0.0006140183,0.001133878,0.000001325868,0.0008955057,0.0006885647,0.0008140035,0.0002230614,0.0003347508],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005969852,0.0005242046,0.0005393176,0.000136887,0.0004501442,0.001579532,0.0001639548,0.0008592294,0.00002688826],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008176008,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003247218,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004663531,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000382467,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9970482,0.00008884868,0.001063456,0.000459485,0.0005894581,0.000750549],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9974833,0.0001237717,0.00114696,0.0006719105,0.0002113388,0.0003627515],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.008986766,0.004906356,0.4852555,0.0002246202,0.006169435,0.0003542652,0.003945118,0.04686033,0.03175782,0.01365794,0.02829244,0.3695894],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.106267,0.01179349,0.04974453,0.00133318,0.006457425,0.0002031111,0.007002594,0.5386496,0.0065519,0.1058801,0.1566278,0.00948922],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7803323,0.0008182384,0.2152687,0.0002282502,0.001412139,0.0003606002,0.00002530391,0.00003104805,0.001523437],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9887442,0.0001635146,0.007784219,0.0001879907,0.002705967,0.000006827094,0.00001036479,0.00009197416,0.0003049281],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4917893,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997209,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2031861394","doi":"10.1016/s1364-6826(02)00069-x","title":"Neutral winds and () emission rates in the lower thermosphere as measured with WINDII/UARS during the April 4–5th 1993 and February 1994 geomagnetic storms","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics","topic":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"Canadian Space Agency; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales","keywords":"Thermosphere; Earth's magnetic field; Atmospheric sciences; Northern Hemisphere; Geomagnetic storm; Latitude; Geomagnetic latitude; Middle latitudes; Storm; Ionosphere; Environmental science; Geology; Climatology; Physics; Geophysics; Geodesy; Oceanography; Magnetic field","authors":[{"name":"S.P Zhang","is_ca":true},{"name":"G. G. Shepherd","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007839334443820832,"gpt":0.2075108476137736,"spread":0.1996715131699527,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002991431,0.000362178,0.0004512349,0.000003615559,0.0003765956,0.0002631665,0.0002710262,0.00009150628,0.0000872873],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000007856294,0.0001956896,0.0001214914,0.000236903,0.0002496493,0.0004557394,0.00007171206,0.0006742372,0.000001463214],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000250785,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007325524,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006324255,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004040689,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984144,0.0001683531,0.0004602747,0.0002627778,0.0003095705,0.0003846007],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990116,0.000151616,0.0004062915,0.0002400881,0.00004082023,0.0001495933],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00508552,0.002647577,0.6141196,0.0001993427,0.001185004,0.0004931384,0.02134046,0.006008769,0.003755104,0.002561574,0.002632086,0.3399718],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.03644507,0.01194688,0.8441437,0.001212476,0.001546954,0.001109611,0.0292446,0.03489421,0.0007094324,0.02946615,0.005960294,0.003320576],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9966146,0.001527089,0.000281996,0.0002758416,0.0002227349,0.0003099225,0.000003485143,0.00000866916,0.0007556661],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980045,0.0002801229,0.0003103244,0.0001091981,0.0009589278,0.000006688437,0.000002352362,0.00003615058,0.0002917573],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3366512,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.797999,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2088309323","doi":"10.1016/j.jastp.2004.01.004","title":"Atomic oxygen annual and semi-annual variations in the mesopause region for mid and equatorial latitudes","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics","topic":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University; University of New Brunswick","funders":"","keywords":"Equator; Mesopause; Atmospheric sciences; Airglow; Altitude (triangle); Latitude; Environmental science; Oxygen; Solstice; Annual cycle; Mesosphere; Atomic oxygen; Northern Hemisphere; Amplitude; Climatology; Physics; Stratosphere; Geology; Geodesy","authors":[{"name":"J. Russell","is_ca":true},{"name":"R. P. Lowe","is_ca":true},{"name":"W. E. Ward","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00930484303659765,"gpt":0.2348694491463615,"spread":0.2255646061097638,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002870778,0.0002039166,0.0003519723,0.000004388175,0.0001844557,0.0001251469,0.0001416919,0.00007969196,0.000003670262],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002315385,0.0001530857,0.000100777,0.000127288,0.00009209122,0.0005162434,0.00004814581,0.0002656561,3.998043e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002977671,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001846946,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002432575,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002376843,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989098,0.00007297548,0.0004368643,0.0001779965,0.0001723296,0.0002300753],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991484,0.0002076359,0.0003541208,0.0001178662,0.00008019432,0.00009179707],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.007041099,0.003420789,0.1304139,0.0002746449,0.002361009,0.0001487859,0.06367994,0.01470535,0.001770834,0.497883,0.007158111,0.2711425],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.04329319,0.004425274,0.05468106,0.000362326,0.001314305,0.0001693569,0.01762865,0.01115884,0.0001838773,0.8493967,0.01568771,0.001698707],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9225543,0.0002701218,0.07574955,0.0003688579,0.0005676678,0.0003448907,0.00003897995,0.000006267049,0.00009937876],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9932491,0.00008095042,0.00385279,0.00006700128,0.002686075,0.000009206341,0.000009860935,0.0000193735,0.00002569403],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3515137,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6242653,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2010225662","doi":"10.1016/j.jastp.2004.01.005","title":"Equinox transition in wind and airglow observations","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics","topic":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Airglow; Equinox; Atmospheric sciences; Downwelling; Upwelling; Thermosphere; Latitude; Environmental science; Mesosphere; Climatology; Middle latitudes; Ionosphere; Geology; Stratosphere; Oceanography; Geophysics; Geodesy","authors":[{"name":"G. G. Shepherd","is_ca":true},{"name":"J. Stegman","is_ca":false},{"name":"W. Singer","is_ca":false},{"name":"R. G. Roble","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01204478651349313,"gpt":0.2222956764594551,"spread":0.210250889945962,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001339862,0.0001685284,0.0003173448,0.000003761734,0.00009155254,0.00007691824,0.00008698932,0.00006099976,0.00002331806],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005496106,0.0001544521,0.0001049032,0.0001723962,0.00007071154,0.0005495402,0.00002389232,0.0002861753,0.000001292632],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003350505,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001513051,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002721807,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001283715,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990429,0.00003548252,0.0004255065,0.0001380389,0.0001546353,0.0002033844],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994683,0.00004332221,0.0002454204,0.0000891625,0.00004782311,0.0001059567],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001946613,0.003279018,0.2302505,0.0001597632,0.0009026483,0.0001890383,0.01442195,0.1443177,0.005522742,0.08720006,0.0008031502,0.5110068],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.04487646,0.004218939,0.2410639,0.0009227608,0.0007868923,0.0001178032,0.009240272,0.03351296,0.0007398889,0.6561903,0.006010784,0.002319022],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9483995,0.0001569547,0.05039956,0.000299255,0.0002887404,0.0001224417,0.000005728544,0.00000602336,0.0003218342],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9919781,0.00006414558,0.006880308,0.00007938311,0.0009371148,0.000001423458,0.000008457189,0.00001638086,0.00003468019],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5689903,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6298373,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2053310060","doi":"10.1016/j.jastp.2003.07.010","title":"A re-analysis of the atmospheric and ionospheric effects of the Flixborough explosion","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics","topic":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Leicester","keywords":"Detonation; Ionosphere; Atmosphere (unit); Depth sounding; Geology; Doppler effect; Atmospheric sciences; Meteorology; Environmental science; Physics; Geophysics; Chemistry; Astronomy","authors":[{"name":"V. M. Krasnov","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ya.V. Drobzheva","is_ca":false},{"name":"J. E. S. Venart","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jan Laštovička","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00595499884618324,"gpt":0.2091822504616407,"spread":0.2032272516154575,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002843806,0.0003198325,0.0008944224,0.000002437022,0.0002107907,0.00005140556,0.0003820929,0.0001034997,0.00006725418],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007250784,0.000192032,0.0007483454,0.001107926,0.0002676144,0.0002790766,0.0001444288,0.0003898327,4.603535e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003095323,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000211343,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000203785,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001190365,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978337,0.0003362826,0.0008585302,0.0002350643,0.0004523451,0.0002841339],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9974573,0.0003360044,0.001480884,0.0004635482,0.0001493695,0.0001129538],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008010879,0.0024005,0.7948738,0.0004416278,0.0108611,0.00001351809,0.006258357,0.03552814,0.0118607,0.02374834,0.002256111,0.1109567],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.03456228,0.005723947,0.5603777,0.002558388,0.04966315,0.00005386793,0.01725508,0.1417977,0.05104798,0.1121853,0.02018277,0.00459187],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9863598,0.0008085034,0.01073453,0.00007140943,0.000967496,0.0003290863,0.000006486327,0.000005213458,0.000717428],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9964228,0.0001408458,0.002851508,0.00005773456,0.000286457,0.000005102489,0.000001538852,0.00002936621,0.0002046318],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2344961,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7830839,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2921983865","doi":"10.1016/j.jastp.2019.03.006","title":"Long-term variation of dust episodes over the United Arab Emirates","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics","topic":"Atmospheric aerosols and clouds","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"","keywords":"Dust storm; Storm; Environmental science; Climatology; Atmospheric sciences; Wind speed; Asian Dust; Diurnal temperature variation; Meteorology; Geography; Aerosol; Geology","authors":[{"name":"Ghouse Basha","is_ca":false},{"name":"M. Venkat Ratnam","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kondapalli Niranjan Kumar","is_ca":false},{"name":"Taha B. M. J. Ouarda","is_ca":true},{"name":"P. Kishore","is_ca":false},{"name":"I. Velicogna","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01102406147006578,"gpt":0.2291116095408083,"spread":0.2180875480707426,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003120343,0.0001760251,0.0003339957,4.547443e-7,0.0001034173,0.00005637778,0.0002763886,0.00009231243,0.000480804],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003115617,0.0001124106,0.0001493112,0.0003161914,0.0001885232,0.0003534632,0.0001107369,0.0002660874,0.0000190781],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005645855,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000366037,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002295636,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005152169,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986455,0.0001016087,0.0004885741,0.0001522699,0.0004084912,0.000203554],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988002,0.0001426834,0.0007369304,0.0002079538,0.00002471243,0.00008749165],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000404587,0.000254841,0.9617327,0.00002283667,0.0001531924,0.00001118567,0.001169396,0.01312123,0.006678154,0.0002227941,0.0004925116,0.01573659],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001535626,0.0004924879,0.9873291,0.00005520598,0.0001071242,0.00001750374,0.0001485116,0.008269075,0.0002860637,0.001122294,0.0004499583,0.0001870891],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9920915,0.0001039578,0.00679592,0.00008122362,0.000464493,0.0001655983,0.000001581513,0.00000622922,0.0002895234],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980931,0.0001862106,0.001000326,0.0001205446,0.0003796576,0.000001195263,0.00000210626,0.00001678004,0.0002001102],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02559638,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5264466,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2079387448","doi":"10.1016/s1364-6826(00)00204-2","title":"The 11.08.1999 solar eclipse and the ionosphere: a search for the distant bow-wave","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics","topic":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"York University","keywords":"Solar eclipse; Ionosonde; Eclipse; Ionosphere; Thermosphere; Occultation; Geology; Meteorology; Atmospheric sciences; Geodesy; Environmental science; Physics; Geophysics; Astronomy; Plasma","authors":[{"name":"David Altadill","is_ca":false},{"name":"F. Gauthier","is_ca":false},{"name":"P. Vila","is_ca":false},{"name":"J. G. Solé","is_ca":false},{"name":"G. Miró","is_ca":false},{"name":"R. Berranger","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01332512187042995,"gpt":0.2362348369418379,"spread":0.222909715071408,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001094617,0.0003305911,0.0004985298,0.00000160528,0.001313542,0.0005626809,0.0004255169,0.00007991046,0.00005776546],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003866335,0.0001574663,0.0004139476,0.0002051951,0.0005941585,0.0003225612,0.0001545547,0.0005811034,0.000003080653],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003284246,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002314922,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003515606,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004881013,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979762,0.0002133115,0.0006759829,0.0002405377,0.0003814845,0.0005124357],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9972008,0.001545898,0.0005457552,0.0003813525,0.0001661869,0.0001599986],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.009315945,0.0005786058,0.01616501,0.00004998444,0.00204642,0.00003809217,0.004103617,0.004272503,0.0001057557,0.1340858,0.02231333,0.8069249],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.02920552,0.0017492,0.004139598,0.0001772375,0.001731924,0.0001687796,0.01887319,0.2473067,0.0001666993,0.1759458,0.5192639,0.00127148],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7698336,0.005367067,0.2120047,0.005627512,0.003435821,0.001869907,0.00003505557,0.00002347063,0.001802867],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.987423,0.001817614,0.001258005,0.0001959335,0.008153624,0.00003461531,0.000006816423,0.00005311258,0.001057278],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8056535,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999866,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2013736534","doi":"10.1016/j.jastp.2010.12.008","title":"What caused the exceptional mid-latitudinal Noctilucent Cloud event in July 2009?","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics","topic":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Canadian Space Agency","funders":"","keywords":"Event (particle physics); Cloud computing; Meteorology; Climatology; History; Geography; Environmental science; Geology; Computer science; Physics; Astrophysics","authors":[{"name":"Kristoffer Hultgren","is_ca":false},{"name":"Heiner Körnich","is_ca":false},{"name":"J. Gumbel","is_ca":false},{"name":"Michael Gerding","is_ca":false},{"name":"Peter Hoffmann","is_ca":false},{"name":"Stefan Loßow","is_ca":false},{"name":"Linda Megner","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008500623034809656,"gpt":0.2417181927297844,"spread":0.2332175696949748,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003714458,0.0002591643,0.0003963469,0.000004031559,0.0001778602,0.0002504832,0.0002797398,0.00009019523,0.0002497988],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001345028,0.0001849216,0.0002523157,0.000192068,0.0001393681,0.0007369561,0.00007539553,0.0009446347,0.00001344249],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003343412,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000288337,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001634389,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006422109,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983777,0.00008812873,0.0006453629,0.0001945176,0.0003637148,0.0003305672],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988649,0.0001393715,0.0005412462,0.0002123703,0.00009808104,0.0001440267],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002934284,0.004456136,0.1617001,0.00008004958,0.001508398,0.0002077486,0.006620801,0.02477501,0.009825854,0.03362821,0.02451829,0.7297451],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.04606498,0.004300158,0.2617502,0.001078837,0.001598424,0.0003505133,0.01471763,0.06386867,0.002012599,0.2607304,0.3388615,0.004666076],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.983055,0.0002666154,0.01001348,0.000430818,0.005618919,0.0002232018,0.000007630684,0.000007105593,0.0003772335],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.992165,0.0001221223,0.001190529,0.00008677058,0.006053814,0.000005999863,0.000008189229,0.00002462823,0.0003429763],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7250791,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7540886,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2059970043","doi":"10.1016/j.jastp.2005.06.019","title":"Observations of an extended mesospheric tertiary ozone peak","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics","topic":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Canadian Space Agency","keywords":"Noon; Sunset; Equator; Atmospheric sciences; Terminator (solar); Mesosphere; Ozone; Solstice; Northern Hemisphere; Osiris; Southern Hemisphere; Altitude (triangle); Polar; Polar night; Morning; Environmental science; Photochemistry; Latitude; Stratosphere; Meteorology; Climatology; Geology; Physics; Chemistry; Geodesy; Astronomy","authors":[{"name":"Douglas A. Degenstein","is_ca":true},{"name":"R. L. Gattinger","is_ca":true},{"name":"Adam Bourassa","is_ca":true},{"name":"J. T. Wiensz","is_ca":true},{"name":"E. J. Llewellyn","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01134996271857579,"gpt":0.235631172089221,"spread":0.2242812093706452,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002334026,0.0002753198,0.0005582538,0.000003680768,0.0001313607,0.00007118462,0.0002992612,0.00008431047,0.0002187851],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009656119,0.000242015,0.000276166,0.0002346931,0.0001158928,0.001008507,0.00006702903,0.0003436898,0.000004050099],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003854337,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002942818,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001113539,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008269779,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982281,0.0001007158,0.000849558,0.000203501,0.0003202524,0.0002978211],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998423,0.00007926261,0.0008473162,0.0002768192,0.0001653228,0.0002082963],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008626444,0.003286603,0.04675463,0.00006050825,0.0009438178,0.00002323436,0.002293802,0.01539488,0.01369654,0.01196877,0.002391121,0.9023235],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.03438577,0.008572355,0.4492553,0.000583304,0.002960059,0.0001684849,0.009207458,0.3170059,0.01106384,0.1080043,0.0542624,0.004530852],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9609047,0.0002782867,0.03703433,0.0001486998,0.0004072842,0.0001667609,0.00001296785,0.00001602187,0.00103101],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9585409,0.00004238464,0.03811345,0.00008008723,0.002766244,0.00000355391,0.00002252253,0.00003747273,0.0003934063],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8977926,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9869086,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2080199714","doi":"10.1016/j.jastp.2004.06.002","title":"Solar particle events seen by the MOPITT instrument","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics","topic":"Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"COM DEV International; University of Toronto","funders":"Canadian Space Agency","keywords":"Troposphere; Environmental science; Solar energetic particles; Atmospheric sciences; Radiation; Remote sensing; Accelerometer; Meteorology; Physics; Geology; Optics; Coronal mass ejection; Solar wind; Plasma; Nuclear physics","authors":[{"name":"F. Nichitiu","is_ca":true},{"name":"J. R. Drummond","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jiansheng Zou","is_ca":true},{"name":"R. Deschambault","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008674463051217668,"gpt":0.2208731475079677,"spread":0.21219868445675,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002387491,0.0002106201,0.0003253304,0.000002112981,0.0002409047,0.0001178597,0.0002466433,0.00005276304,0.00002550175],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001076614,0.0001446431,0.0002192669,0.0001399715,0.00007915483,0.0003668441,0.00006925932,0.0004038587,0.000009186098],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004948051,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001455361,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001869325,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002590502,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987215,0.00007263051,0.0004230738,0.0001485025,0.0003309139,0.0003033997],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991453,0.00006754636,0.0003874191,0.0001839683,0.00004923442,0.0001665172],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001656894,0.003538506,0.5244386,0.00005079035,0.003024687,0.00005364181,0.007766995,0.03569033,0.006908333,0.02006045,0.005331504,0.3914793],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.08553601,0.00806293,0.07301124,0.000986474,0.00344963,0.0003125672,0.01999922,0.09837873,0.03723742,0.6069648,0.06070183,0.00535913],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9536117,0.0001394392,0.04477393,0.0006100567,0.0005485442,0.0001464261,0.00001296999,0.00000854004,0.0001484479],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974878,0.0000490095,0.001276412,0.00008698371,0.0009685035,0.000003445762,0.0000060078,0.00002222448,0.00009958323],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5869043,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5898374,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3032016527","doi":"10.1016/j.jastp.2020.105327","title":"On the necessity of using foμEs instead of foEs in estimating the intensity and variability of sporadic E layers","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics","topic":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Ionosonde; Sporadic E propagation; Blanketing; Intensity (physics); Occultation; Radio occultation; Mathematics; Atmospheric sciences; Plasma; Physics; Ionosphere; Optics; Astrophysics; Electron density; Geophysics; Quantum mechanics","authors":[{"name":"C. Haldoupis","is_ca":false},{"name":"Haris Haralambous","is_ca":false},{"name":"C. E. Meek","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01881824177211986,"gpt":0.2354668625374112,"spread":0.2166486207652913,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004867489,0.0001392742,0.0005068388,0.000001902304,0.00006755007,0.00001886976,0.0001717955,0.00004073485,0.00001187864],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009811619,0.00008421027,0.0001312867,0.0001832542,0.0002698958,0.00016194,0.00008302698,0.0003115658,5.42366e-8],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001156435,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001259238,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004577732,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003411985,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998848,0.0001472139,0.0005913479,0.0001115789,0.0001834132,0.0001184103],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983882,0.0003968579,0.000939763,0.0001316537,0.00009264899,0.00005089583],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.003313686,0.001034985,0.7557126,0.0003984994,0.00075182,0.000008916584,0.01152293,0.09041385,0.008550102,0.02239309,0.0001830306,0.1057165],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004991187,0.001800039,0.06638625,0.0007008387,0.0005410949,0.000007480661,0.008808961,0.7912631,0.003789008,0.121181,0.00004219832,0.0004888926],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9702151,0.00004699523,0.02914008,0.0001953358,0.0001538683,0.0001387723,0.000006788925,0.000001576826,0.0001015114],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9951928,0.000008067865,0.00449049,0.00004265213,0.0002553295,4.15893e-7,7.770055e-7,0.00000836627,0.000001070043],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7008492,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3433995,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2221611175","doi":"10.1016/j.jastp.2015.10.020","title":"Analysis of synoptic scale controlling factors in the distribution of gravity wave potential energy","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics","topic":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"Division of Arctic Sciences; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","keywords":"Extratropical cyclone; Climatology; Gravity wave; Intertropical Convergence Zone; Depth sounding; Environmental science; Atmospheric sciences; Synoptic scale meteorology; Latitude; Geology; Middle latitudes; Meteorology; Gravitational wave; Geodesy; Geography; Precipitation; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Shih‐Sian Yang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Chunhong Pan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Uma Das","is_ca":true},{"name":"Hsin‐Chih Lai","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01100484011618267,"gpt":0.2200284391262098,"spread":0.2090235990100271,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003795351,0.0001644657,0.0006749666,0.000006797636,0.0000454311,0.00003606641,0.0001710485,0.00006092544,0.00001033384],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001694807,0.0001141978,0.000391236,0.0004944052,0.0001029117,0.0002111674,0.00003365682,0.000199625,9.825236e-8],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002769351,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001372264,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001075835,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002508658,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985325,0.0001567626,0.0006781676,0.0001151193,0.0003375977,0.0001798475],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986528,0.0001244319,0.0008226539,0.0001532618,0.0001612424,0.00008567419],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002779143,0.00279059,0.6219828,0.00005109285,0.005397665,0.00003448385,0.005054367,0.2700897,0.001984586,0.0150756,0.0004091049,0.07435088],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01680152,0.003207607,0.1663336,0.0001925651,0.01048672,0.00001298322,0.01940727,0.7288052,0.002039157,0.05076224,0.0008106409,0.001140552],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8649008,0.00009293789,0.1345557,0.00001834542,0.0002316629,0.00006486268,0.00003203883,0.000001703147,0.000102001],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991523,0.00001642334,0.0003887652,0.000007181428,0.0003589014,0.00000106549,0.00005467422,0.000008157273,0.00001253125],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4587155,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4656852,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2001719810","doi":"10.1016/j.jastp.2013.02.002","title":"Comparison of SuperDARN irregularity drift measurements and F-region ion velocities from the resolute bay ISR","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics","topic":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"National Science Foundation","keywords":"Bay; Geology; Ion; Geodesy; Geophysics; Physics; Oceanography","authors":[{"name":"H. Bahcivan","is_ca":false},{"name":"M. J. Nicolls","is_ca":false},{"name":"G. W. Perry","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02700631459151957,"gpt":0.254013531662044,"spread":0.2270072170705244,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002003665,0.0002362274,0.0005547339,0.000002239355,0.0002039018,0.0001453184,0.0002237085,0.00008330546,0.00006062646],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001563815,0.0001674982,0.0001754878,0.0001020629,0.0002054201,0.0004768017,0.00009296744,0.0003660973,0.000002105158],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002046084,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001076209,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001342295,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002425865,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984477,0.0001520462,0.0006380174,0.0001725255,0.0003550608,0.0002346378],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986904,0.0001750362,0.0006466135,0.0002033333,0.000169286,0.000115305],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004179135,0.0005389874,0.7793763,0.0000316492,0.000765003,0.000002791926,0.003780803,0.0008214645,0.001942008,0.001963254,0.007094618,0.2032652],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01948226,0.003652298,0.6723985,0.0009801151,0.002069601,0.00002475881,0.02660161,0.09224644,0.004725505,0.157236,0.01827056,0.002312417],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9747531,0.0006838662,0.02306776,0.0002443405,0.00060592,0.0002336842,0.000007393773,0.000006711346,0.0003971517],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9958109,0.00005439449,0.002582519,0.00004638655,0.001375189,0.00000379399,0.0000115283,0.00002067596,0.00009466347],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2009528,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6830381,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2056151429","doi":"10.1016/j.jastp.2008.03.018","title":"Neural networks in auroral data assimilation","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics","topic":"Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico; Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo","keywords":"Data assimilation; Artificial neural network; Kalman filter; Assimilation (phonology); Computer science; Weather forecasting; Machine learning; Artificial intelligence; Meteorology; Data mining; Geography","authors":[{"name":"Fabrício Pereira Härter","is_ca":true},{"name":"Haroldo Fraga de Campos Velho","is_ca":true},{"name":"Erico L. Rempel","is_ca":true},{"name":"Abraham C.‐L. Chian","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07097577234299028,"gpt":0.2558949884079504,"spread":0.1849192160649601,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002947436,0.0001058143,0.0002601148,0.000004954059,0.0001255234,0.00003866609,0.0002334924,0.00006464789,0.0001041382],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007054405,0.00007720086,0.00004951602,0.0001913129,0.00008156116,0.0006308251,0.00002388651,0.0002838915,0.000002211109],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000004012217,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004544374,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001056754,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004763872,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989395,0.0001255175,0.0004057125,0.0001392831,0.0002062518,0.0001837894],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992626,0.0002060715,0.0002422155,0.000150101,0.00002162694,0.00011733],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002243703,0.00003359054,0.5292042,0.000001590427,0.0000145692,0.0000553793,0.00009391614,0.424435,0.000002735216,0.000008698348,0.0002420469,0.04568389],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005732643,0.000177344,0.3985813,0.00000388409,0.00001148316,0.00002192855,0.00001489749,0.5994622,2.190694e-7,0.0008363581,0.000253126,0.00006406188],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9897507,0.0003947237,0.008831906,0.0001165536,0.0005478626,0.00007015618,0.000007198818,0.000006099599,0.0002748221],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9964776,0.0001522416,0.002179087,0.0001413076,0.0009949523,7.045465e-8,0.00003889974,0.000002660979,0.00001317932],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1750272,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.314816,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3131194135","doi":"10.1016/j.jastp.2021.105587","title":"Fireball characteristics derivable from acoustic data","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics","topic":"Astro and Planetary Science","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Akademie Věd České Republiky; Canada Research Chairs; Canada Excellence Research Chairs, Government of Canada; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Computer science; Acoustics; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Luke McFadden","is_ca":true},{"name":"Peter Brown","is_ca":true},{"name":"Denis Vida","is_ca":true},{"name":"Pavel Spurný","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02316449247854297,"gpt":0.2380733984365636,"spread":0.2149089059580206,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001573702,0.0001705534,0.0003902115,0.000001894338,0.000129665,0.0001728677,0.0004060824,0.0000418931,0.0002901554],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002989527,0.000147719,0.00008300526,0.0001253791,0.00006656741,0.0005962315,0.0001741126,0.0003062519,0.0000118501],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000009285554,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003073826,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001508908,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003196964,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987765,0.00006948454,0.0004223752,0.0002345656,0.0002643147,0.0002327657],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988021,0.0001753775,0.0004125188,0.0003667969,0.00006858104,0.0001746321],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005769148,0.0009355147,0.5124699,0.00003641901,0.001129686,0.0005181866,0.001111354,0.003264756,0.01790735,0.00040035,0.01504584,0.4466037],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01347089,0.001486016,0.4660991,0.0007995945,0.002587996,0.0002177786,0.004865236,0.3641544,0.002812185,0.02379729,0.1166968,0.003012669],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8760304,0.0002906316,0.1217434,0.0000962951,0.001180833,0.00005238056,0.0002527717,0.00000676422,0.0003464239],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9850556,0.0000727177,0.01094677,0.00007203835,0.003440027,2.962699e-7,0.0002694458,0.00001198545,0.000131175],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4435911,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6023806,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1975149737","doi":"10.1016/s1364-6826(00)00158-9","title":"Airglow intensity variations induced by gravity waves. Part 2: comparisons with observations","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics","topic":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"Canadian Space Agency","keywords":"Airglow; Physics; Gravity wave; Perturbation (astronomy); Doppler effect; Intensity (physics); Magnitude (astronomy); Zenith; Phase velocity; Gravitational wave; Phase (matter); Geodesy; Atmospheric sciences; Mechanics; Optics; Geology; Astrophysics","authors":[{"name":"D.Y Wang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yves Rochon","is_ca":true},{"name":"S.P Zhang","is_ca":true},{"name":"W. E. Ward","is_ca":true},{"name":"R. H. Wiens","is_ca":true},{"name":"Deqin Liang","is_ca":true},{"name":"William A. Gault","is_ca":true},{"name":"B. H. Solheim","is_ca":true},{"name":"G. G. Shepherd","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02005315880523318,"gpt":0.2294067499595271,"spread":0.2093535911542939,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001713968,0.0002681862,0.0005298674,0.000003297675,0.0003288865,0.0001400873,0.0001951018,0.00007946905,0.00007946057],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001293844,0.0002199454,0.0001689649,0.0003181655,0.00009227008,0.0005521966,0.00005394843,0.0004972513,0.000004196905],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003936536,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000221926,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004710482,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002780325,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985946,0.00007381233,0.000542125,0.0002038251,0.0002791629,0.0003064761],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986181,0.00009648957,0.0006289418,0.0002180106,0.0002283041,0.0002101631],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002543937,0.004406328,0.7510111,0.00003594356,0.002555805,0.00006128354,0.001891338,0.005765318,0.003525218,0.02621655,0.07580458,0.1261826],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.03871207,0.009377036,0.3834979,0.0007821901,0.004218424,0.0002593939,0.009529439,0.1566827,0.001120438,0.09904163,0.29105,0.005728774],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7800637,0.00004545159,0.218098,0.0003504957,0.0005647732,0.0001716812,0.00002343634,0.00001765777,0.0006647956],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9892381,0.00003535594,0.008860365,0.000121274,0.001373265,0.000004774116,0.00005296654,0.00002774266,0.0002861394],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3675132,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8969114,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1995737364","doi":"10.1016/j.jastp.2013.12.004","title":"Space shuttle exhaust plumes in the lower thermosphere: Advective transport and diffusive spreading","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics","topic":"Atmospheric Ozone and Climate","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Canadian Space Agency; Swedish National Space Agency; European Space Agency; National Aeronautics and Space Administration","keywords":"Thermosphere; Advection; Space Shuttle; Atmospheric sciences; Environmental science; Space (punctuation); Meteorology; Mechanics; Physics; Aerospace engineering; Geophysics; Ionosphere; Computer science; Thermodynamics; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"M. H. Stevens","is_ca":false},{"name":"Stefan Loßow","is_ca":false},{"name":"D. E. Siskind","is_ca":false},{"name":"R. R. Meier","is_ca":false},{"name":"C. E. Randall","is_ca":false},{"name":"James M. Russell","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jo Urban","is_ca":false},{"name":"D. Murtagh","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009027864416792635,"gpt":0.202562624182906,"spread":0.1935347597661134,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003018468,0.0002267586,0.0004072336,0.000001957972,0.0001572987,0.0001440012,0.000220966,0.00009335647,0.000383473],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002664287,0.0001391269,0.0001148609,0.0002259651,0.0001750597,0.0007721586,0.00001262237,0.0003964023,0.00001414377],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000008536986,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007085162,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001799149,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000186202,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986415,0.0001162564,0.0004123272,0.0001941702,0.0003147345,0.0003210052],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991038,0.0002663006,0.0003192853,0.0001325325,0.00004275915,0.0001353247],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006373185,0.0002749576,0.8385133,0.00003734115,0.000189372,0.0002236194,0.007786752,0.002406418,0.0001729604,0.0001415211,0.0008214231,0.148795],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00215305,0.001122859,0.9724259,0.0001020115,0.0001252723,0.0001185032,0.008186911,0.007939968,0.00002331179,0.006085428,0.001349199,0.0003675916],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9949917,0.001023549,0.0008532459,0.000325129,0.0003742249,0.000251579,0.000004372806,0.000007750885,0.002168439],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.996946,0.0008067494,0.00134135,0.0002130968,0.0005725964,0.00000161164,0.000002816464,0.000008766465,0.0001069989],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1484274,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5673432,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2079689339","doi":"10.1016/j.jastp.2003.09.011","title":"Latitudinal variations of neutral wind structures in the lower thermosphere for the March equinox period","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics","topic":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"Canadian Space Agency; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Equinox; Thermosphere; Period (music); Atmospheric sciences; Environmental science; Ionosphere; Meteorology; Climatology; Geology; Geography; Physics; Geophysics","authors":[{"name":"S.P. Zhang","is_ca":false},{"name":"J. P. Thayer","is_ca":false},{"name":"R. G. Roble","is_ca":false},{"name":"J. E. Salah","is_ca":false},{"name":"G. G. Shepherd","is_ca":true},{"name":"Л. П. Гончаренко","is_ca":false},{"name":"Qihou Zhou","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01351528270321613,"gpt":0.2493166983432985,"spread":0.2358014156400824,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004366798,0.0002062147,0.0003612109,0.000002177839,0.0002154652,0.0001052012,0.0003244316,0.00006460069,0.0001228359],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002640137,0.000119882,0.0002756781,0.0002093184,0.0001340705,0.0002252814,0.00002813644,0.0003785499,5.014785e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001792994,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002407747,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001152653,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001598501,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986811,0.0001484773,0.0005374947,0.0001391351,0.0002242664,0.0002695214],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987364,0.0004107558,0.0004876174,0.0002153487,0.00009958223,0.00005027681],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002411544,0.002374992,0.06751589,0.0001107521,0.001747102,0.0000280204,0.009632705,0.06681037,0.001062285,0.6934752,0.003892504,0.1509387],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.02619571,0.007143603,0.1374761,0.0002814055,0.002246568,0.000129089,0.02666702,0.047993,0.0005308338,0.7015138,0.04783859,0.001984293],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9048482,0.0005058713,0.09085707,0.0003857848,0.0010758,0.0006257897,0.00002547347,0.000004086434,0.001671887],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9945678,0.00002773525,0.004228733,0.00005238991,0.001012394,0.000007449768,0.000003710121,0.00001962515,0.00008022647],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1489544,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4888648,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2077630744","doi":"10.1016/j.jastp.2003.08.002","title":"Rocket observations of atomic oxygen density and airglow emission rate in the WAVE2000 campaign","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics","topic":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"National Institute of Polar Research","keywords":"Airglow; Atomic oxygen; Volume (thermodynamics); Oxygen; Rocket (weapon); Atomic physics; Line (geometry); Emission spectrum; Atmospheric sciences; Atmosphere (unit); Chemistry; Environmental science; Spectral line; Physics; Meteorology; Thermodynamics; Astronomy","authors":[{"name":"N. Iwagami","is_ca":false},{"name":"T. Shibaki","is_ca":false},{"name":"Toshio Suzuki","is_ca":false},{"name":"Haruki Sekiguchi","is_ca":false},{"name":"N. Takegawa","is_ca":false},{"name":"William Morrow","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01245833847598995,"gpt":0.2212406990806252,"spread":0.2087823606046352,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004610271,0.0001774026,0.0003751044,0.000003116927,0.000122499,0.00005557616,0.0001428016,0.00006172461,0.00002644228],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002678722,0.0001267595,0.0001246526,0.0002025526,0.00007160726,0.0002735271,0.00002900514,0.0002982202,6.0587e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001861918,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001830137,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001221815,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008118607,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987821,0.0002199539,0.0004978955,0.0001351963,0.0001702152,0.0001946595],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990689,0.000173434,0.0004494406,0.0001545055,0.00007217592,0.00008160044],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001147123,0.001761706,0.8239189,0.000123763,0.0006336689,0.00005737365,0.008837324,0.003619258,0.01223091,0.02345642,0.00517894,0.1190346],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.02334435,0.002711904,0.5793614,0.0006897614,0.001185452,0.00011565,0.02127557,0.04185297,0.007354165,0.2999043,0.02002204,0.002182469],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9901368,0.0001744674,0.008888801,0.0000786793,0.000211833,0.000157923,0.000004205168,0.000002974755,0.0003443359],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972227,0.00008542984,0.002187854,0.00006666287,0.0003295299,0.000001894687,0.000004658014,0.00001338926,0.00008791731],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2764478,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5169101,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2773210074","doi":"10.1016/j.jastp.2017.11.007","title":"Making limb and nadir measurements comparable: A common volume study of PMC brightness observed by Odin OSIRIS and AIM CIPS","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics","topic":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales; Canadian Space Agency; Swedish National Space Agency; European Space Agency; National Aeronautics and Space Administration","keywords":"Osiris; Nadir; Brightness; Remote sensing; Physics; Optics; Satellite; Geology; Astronomy","authors":[{"name":"S. Benze","is_ca":false},{"name":"J. Gumbel","is_ca":false},{"name":"C. E. Randall","is_ca":false},{"name":"Bodil Karlsson","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kristoffer Hultgren","is_ca":false},{"name":"J. D. Lumpe","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gerd Baumgarten","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06261586040893065,"gpt":0.2898900961199098,"spread":0.2272742357109792,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003448502,0.0003075339,0.0008258001,0.000003667365,0.0005136503,0.0003457004,0.0003228665,0.00007659808,0.00002396289],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001459119,0.0002709272,0.0001140744,0.00006866399,0.0001833816,0.0006051891,0.0001745609,0.0003546034,5.99666e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002360558,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008275778,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009371791,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004924525,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982885,0.000135752,0.0006809757,0.0002529967,0.0003517797,0.0002899544],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998019,0.00007038566,0.001290929,0.0003190553,0.0001313966,0.0001692217],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007518277,0.001112295,0.9369255,0.00005086056,0.0006309943,0.00001286623,0.001175588,0.0002487067,0.001001203,0.0001138671,0.001090123,0.05688618],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.04388526,0.01033272,0.8631372,0.00117728,0.002571019,0.00005465322,0.01110693,0.04671731,0.001172339,0.01171918,0.005655461,0.002470585],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9957605,0.0004947844,0.002539613,0.00004727712,0.0004268736,0.0003092923,0.00001501524,0.000006457504,0.0004002069],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983326,0.0000545492,0.0008960809,0.00001430024,0.0005096765,0.000003862984,0.000004306127,0.00002914626,0.0001554758],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.07378823,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999743,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3158170930","doi":"10.1016/j.jastp.2021.105666","title":"Characterization of high latitude radio wave propagation over Canada","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics","topic":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Defence Research and Development Canada; Natural Resources Canada","funders":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council; Natural Resources Canada","keywords":"Riometer; Transmitter; Ionosphere; Radio propagation; High frequency; Radio wave; QUIET; Space weather; Ionospheric absorption; Diurnal temperature variation; Environmental science; Skywave; Meteorology; Wave propagation; Remote sensing; Geology; Telecommunications; Computer science; Physics; Geophysics; Optics","authors":[{"name":"Taylor Cameron","is_ca":true},{"name":"Robyn Fiori","is_ca":true},{"name":"E.M. Warrington","is_ca":false},{"name":"A. J. Stocker","is_ca":false},{"name":"T. Thayaparan","is_ca":true},{"name":"D. W. Danskin","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.005665864496639071,"gpt":0.1899370905061691,"spread":0.18427122600953,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008114276,0.0001526911,0.0003781409,0.000001676443,0.00006798448,0.00004728514,0.00007534202,0.00004553308,0.0001463258],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009921108,0.0001383458,0.0001073401,0.0001551271,0.00003435859,0.0003123393,0.00003495947,0.0001867658,3.714065e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004677648,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008906218,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01247263,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001499441,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988886,0.00006193676,0.0004977652,0.0001252212,0.0002709355,0.0001555315],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989101,0.00004217643,0.0006554609,0.0001253491,0.0001807699,0.0000861619],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001775074,0.002346354,0.1444772,0.0003675385,0.003113252,0.0003200642,0.002411209,0.02325297,0.1694847,0.06706686,0.003204727,0.5821801],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.03581441,0.003151844,0.5420852,0.001245118,0.002668979,0.0001893534,0.003216505,0.1572328,0.1406446,0.05885816,0.0507834,0.0041097],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.933553,0.00004556525,0.06521194,0.00007209054,0.0007936977,0.00009097077,0.00002131915,0.000003239002,0.0002081693],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9954306,0.00003706196,0.002839769,0.00003710289,0.001369385,0.00000127996,0.0000651568,0.00001751053,0.000202065],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5780703,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9941034,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1974922285","doi":"10.1016/j.jastp.2004.07.039","title":"Observation of the F2-layer variability from the “Alma-Ata” observatory","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics","topic":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Ionosonde; Ionosphere; Equinox; Atmospheric sciences; Critical frequency; Thermosphere; Environmental science; Mesosphere; Range (aeronautics); Observatory; Meteorology; Geology; Physics; Stratosphere; Geophysics","authors":[{"name":"G. I. Gordienko","is_ca":false},{"name":"V. M. Aushev","is_ca":false},{"name":"I.N. Fedulina","is_ca":false},{"name":"S.Sh. Ryazapova","is_ca":false},{"name":"M. G. Shepherd","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0167246913167821,"gpt":0.2257271314887747,"spread":0.2090024401719926,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004422404,0.0002105573,0.0003855707,8.313241e-7,0.0001886891,0.00006625459,0.0004518628,0.00007710281,0.0001354072],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004460131,0.000123915,0.000322833,0.0001891285,0.0001472515,0.0004594435,0.0001171218,0.0004389232,0.000002856995],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003747917,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002545202,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004486878,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001800197,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983916,0.0002163458,0.0006828634,0.0001654433,0.0003391746,0.0002045444],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981388,0.0003786825,0.0008733658,0.000391874,0.0001427571,0.00007449435],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005141313,0.0008151612,0.659169,0.00002107107,0.0007224954,0.000001680173,0.00190412,0.008858662,0.002844329,0.01216813,0.007415176,0.3055661],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.008311834,0.0006471991,0.7062289,0.0002830087,0.001279626,0.00000665881,0.002227662,0.05658508,0.003169191,0.1113325,0.108866,0.001062309],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9781953,0.0001663655,0.01925182,0.0005896185,0.001013802,0.0002018193,0.00002731069,0.000006245707,0.0005477954],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9910014,0.00002701537,0.004908834,0.0002342208,0.003611021,0.000002741918,0.000008285132,0.00001993322,0.0001865505],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3045038,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5053105,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4213451641","doi":"10.1016/j.jastp.2022.105843","title":"Data-based optimization of a simple shortwave fadeout absorption model","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics","topic":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Riometer; Shortwave; Shortwave radiation; Absorption (acoustics); Ionospheric absorption; Solar flare; Flare; Correlation coefficient; Data set; Computational physics; Physics; Environmental science; Ionosphere; Remote sensing; Radiation; Optics; Mathematics; Radiative transfer; Statistics; Astrophysics; Geology","authors":[{"name":"Robyn Fiori","is_ca":true},{"name":"Shibaji Chakraborty","is_ca":false},{"name":"Lidia Nikitina","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02145931678472545,"gpt":0.2500443152302605,"spread":0.228584998445535,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002900047,0.0001789885,0.0003977578,0.000004715711,0.0001753539,0.00004476583,0.0003477854,0.0000377045,0.0002390163],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008880028,0.0001726167,0.0001582373,0.0001859874,0.00005557748,0.000400823,0.0001867521,0.000326656,4.714818e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003703217,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003488112,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008187895,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001814375,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985549,0.00008953155,0.0006025009,0.0001929612,0.0003681288,0.0001919107],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986593,0.00006586007,0.0007957072,0.0003019282,0.00008969304,0.00008754068],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002982369,0.0002840645,0.001857664,0.0000103041,0.00009925466,0.000002573791,0.0001242378,0.9756537,0.0001958362,0.0007101397,0.0009877386,0.01977624],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001614581,0.0003725233,0.00006257167,0.00001021182,0.000147328,0.000002620647,0.0004136073,0.9912838,0.00006134153,0.004946467,0.0009132351,0.0001717445],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2554707,0.00006935258,0.7434745,0.00004296364,0.0002978682,0.0001529254,0.0001391309,0.000008096646,0.0003445267],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9702032,0.00001291877,0.02877876,0.00004876456,0.0006077856,0.000004471091,0.0002475513,0.00002799816,0.0000685841],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7147325,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7039104,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1964715721","doi":"10.1016/j.jastp.2006.07.019","title":"The coherence between the IMF and high-latitude ionospheric flows: The dayside magnetosphere–ionosphere low-pass filter","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics","topic":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Institute of Space and Astronautical Science; Dartmouth College; Heliophysics Division; Natural Resources Canada; Canadian Space Agency; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Ionosphere; Noon; Magnetosphere; Physics; Geophysics; Magnetopause; Daytime; Local time; Interplanetary magnetic field; Latitude; Coherence (philosophical gambling strategy); Atmospheric sciences; Geodesy; Geology; Solar wind; Plasma; Astronomy","authors":[{"name":"D. Murr","is_ca":false},{"name":"William Hughes","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.005384636121261658,"gpt":0.2032615233668995,"spread":0.1978768872456378,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006339443,0.000553973,0.0006713868,0.000001898064,0.00128575,0.000755262,0.0008479565,0.000138312,0.0001701293],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002961487,0.0002885195,0.0003419504,0.0003556785,0.0005624752,0.0005521278,0.0002621325,0.0009507829,0.00001713551],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005023973,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002651498,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001896618,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001303558,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9969484,0.0003112775,0.001131974,0.0003772092,0.0005764358,0.0006547716],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9968627,0.001094762,0.001094489,0.0005843377,0.0001871652,0.0001765393],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001026956,0.0007579065,0.1817732,0.00009558753,0.002124684,0.00005487328,0.001450535,0.04864551,0.001044664,0.03694485,0.04878996,0.6772913],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01782892,0.002898464,0.3658214,0.0006474638,0.003354243,0.000141116,0.00873257,0.08792222,0.001031833,0.3407847,0.1666427,0.004194374],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9561422,0.002000311,0.03704608,0.001717671,0.001298725,0.0006756789,0.00002784881,0.00003111426,0.001060334],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9893541,0.0002117499,0.003807559,0.0001367522,0.00565775,0.00002362754,0.0000162226,0.00006320583,0.0007290737],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6730969,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999567,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}