{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":73,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":73,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"query_hash":"dc19778efc8b","filters":{"venue":"Journal of Development Economics"}},"results":[{"id":"W2067782665","doi":"10.1016/j.jdeveco.2011.02.002","title":"Creative accounting or creative destruction? Firm-level productivity growth in Chinese manufacturing","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Development Economics","topic":"Global trade and economics","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":2287,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Total factor productivity; Growth accounting; Productivity; Economics; Production (economics); Gross output; Solow residual; Agriculture; Econometrics; China; Agricultural economics; Agricultural productivity; Growth rate; Value (mathematics); Multifactor productivity; Industry of China; Macroeconomics; Statistics; Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.08429496071795291,"gpt":0.2241852631667198,"spread":0.1398903024487669,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001032061,0.0003009573,0.0008009039,0.0005733658,0.0001210581,0.00008645436,0.0004029225,0.0001346989,0.0004654069],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002112791,0.0002948069,0.0001438714,0.0001689836,0.00006162989,0.001514685,0.0001005103,0.000344909,0.0001168819],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008332898,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002324672,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002144887,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002285681,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974002,0.00001873216,0.001742446,0.000401404,0.00003190382,0.0004053294],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979179,0.00005106659,0.001648087,0.0001781846,0.00007085621,0.0001339141],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004296135,0.0003508702,0.9818286,0.00005787395,0.0003681761,0.00003399555,0.006492689,0.0003707887,0.000004089746,0.006412087,0.00009406193,0.003557104],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001184448,0.0000938477,0.9650575,0.00004588121,0.000008318773,0.000127443,0.0005999453,0.00009769671,0.001974993,0.02844875,0.00193284,0.0004283476],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9830969,0.0001375736,0.0004699843,0.0001180147,0.0007701344,0.0001825575,0.00002958329,0.00001184029,0.01518341],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9733202,0.0003489859,0.02560542,0.00008347697,0.0001955218,0.000009828009,0.000004049409,0.00003310336,0.0003994397],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02513544,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999504,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2163787203","doi":"10.1016/j.jdeveco.2008.10.004","title":"What determines female autonomy? Evidence from Bangladesh","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Development Economics","topic":"Gender, Labor, and Family Dynamics","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":568,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Autonomy; Unearned income; Economics; Developing country; Labour economics; Demographic economics; Point (geometry); Public economics; Economic growth; Political science; Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05551329499319924,"gpt":0.2751437054639612,"spread":0.2196304104707619,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006579965,0.0001415741,0.0003056094,0.0001204189,0.0004146004,0.0001911578,0.0004810379,0.0001152924,0.0001113365],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001163995,0.0001417886,0.0001085359,0.00009895462,0.0001425967,0.001783155,0.00005578429,0.0001600713,0.00004924186],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006207547,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003090468,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000093913,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000716081,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986008,0.00006662615,0.0006872817,0.0001705069,0.0001820056,0.000292823],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987091,0.0002310848,0.0005233247,0.0001332301,0.0001897692,0.0002134926],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004268809,0.0001042772,0.8202795,0.00001093095,0.0001751589,0.00009042154,0.1611528,0.0004541959,0.00009266019,0.0004385546,0.000739188,0.01641959],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008346841,0.00007742565,0.7671207,0.0003098824,0.00004399004,0.00006779456,0.03621399,0.0002718605,0.0005603034,0.001400944,0.192462,0.0006364419],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9942751,0.001128941,0.0004495863,0.000537931,0.0026637,0.00008401528,0.000002079989,0.00001504186,0.0008436406],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9566152,0.01607549,0.02422912,0.0004078268,0.0006940976,0.00000284578,0.000002786435,0.00001672829,0.001955873],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1917228,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5781972,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2056733792","doi":"10.1016/j.jdeveco.2009.12.005","title":"The elusive costs of sovereign defaults","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Development Economics","topic":"Global Financial Crisis and Policies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":234,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Default; Sovereign default; Anticipation (artificial intelligence); Economics; Quarter (Canadian coin); Monetary economics; Sovereignty; Identification (biology); Sovereign debt; Finance; Computer science; Political science; Geography; Artificial intelligence","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01330357769238986,"gpt":0.2111813212339129,"spread":0.197877743541523,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009226491,0.000118068,0.0003832243,0.0001204458,0.0001429668,0.0000663141,0.0004202363,0.00008989815,0.00006395751],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000199409,0.0001001707,0.0001472807,0.00008026998,0.00007567793,0.0001850627,0.00006682223,0.0002360511,0.00008945313],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001226848,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001947782,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002869466,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001337721,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983668,0.000006591625,0.001268856,0.0001072456,0.00003103237,0.0002194548],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980018,0.0001060584,0.00150708,0.0001798751,0.0001209285,0.00008428483],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004574181,0.00005122787,0.02080098,0.000006569724,0.0001032936,0.000001616397,0.0006270282,0.00006679601,0.00005740229,0.9676968,0.002983792,0.007558728],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007726742,0.00009862807,0.07973435,0.00002218704,0.000008066249,0.00004731552,0.0002957275,0.00006060952,0.002959811,0.07397277,0.8417585,0.000269316],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9706426,0.000638774,0.0001183893,0.000499479,0.001634515,0.00007205363,0.00002931503,0.000002758618,0.02636209],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9960899,0.0008783524,0.00240596,0.0001700458,0.0002013933,0.000001695816,0.000001334432,0.00001233128,0.0002389637],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.893724,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4084845,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2125481795","doi":"10.1016/j.jdeveco.2006.08.003","title":"A numerical simulation analysis of (Hukou) labour mobility restrictions in China","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Development Economics","topic":"Regional Economics and Spatial Analysis","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":196,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Inequality; China; Wage; Homogeneous; Gini coefficient; Rural area; Economic geography; Economics; Economic inequality; Internal migration; Productivity; Geography; Demographic economics; Labour economics; Developing country; Economic growth; Political science; Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01791859108838467,"gpt":0.2208298771114684,"spread":0.2029112860230837,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008685692,0.0001412058,0.0009268015,0.001577504,0.00005211819,0.00004138454,0.0002242913,0.0000952749,0.0001559859],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006083909,0.0001601346,0.0003953641,0.0008720258,0.0000322743,0.0002887364,0.00002961716,0.0001490218,0.00001428427],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004566917,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001301806,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001669746,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009078687,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9971085,0.00001815321,0.002416431,0.0002355185,0.00003642716,0.0001849253],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977202,0.00009696163,0.001852338,0.000185348,0.00007753454,0.00006762067],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002316464,0.0001863855,0.4002281,0.000005224212,0.0003819249,0.000001219052,0.00009110408,0.5709364,0.000001547431,0.02783111,0.0000140512,0.0002998197],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003851285,0.00002876194,0.8315819,0.00000555359,0.00005218883,0.000001410031,0.00001995674,0.1488064,0.00002311167,0.01397499,0.004971208,0.0001494346],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9866544,0.0002266026,0.01092558,0.0003783563,0.000140915,0.00006801432,0.00003117981,0.000003414594,0.001571518],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9963984,0.0001778888,0.003151486,0.00003419507,0.00006513474,0.000003117647,0.00001765298,0.00001095553,0.0001411221],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4313538,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.65301,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1963734247","doi":"10.1016/s0304-3878(01)00154-7","title":"Behavioral responses to risk in rural China","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Development Economics","topic":"Agricultural risk and resilience","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":184,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"World Bank Group","keywords":"Economics; China; Portfolio; Quarter (Canadian coin); Panel data; Demographic economics; Point (geometry); Wealth distribution; Labour economics; Inequality; Financial economics; Geography; Econometrics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01484550992119457,"gpt":0.230037953238142,"spread":0.2151924433169474,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003392743,0.0001011056,0.0001829899,0.00003370529,0.0000980994,0.00004432804,0.0002575406,0.0000518077,0.00009193732],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003290649,0.00003468857,0.00006309918,0.0001740263,0.00001556895,0.0001926836,0.00005157444,0.0001457269,0.00003203203],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001179463,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003491594,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008577272,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009121503,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991227,0.00003924235,0.0004565339,0.00009549609,0.00008070927,0.0002053279],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995081,0.00005354824,0.0002401166,0.00002217841,0.00003878476,0.0001372207],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001874508,0.00009547089,0.7739593,4.738921e-7,0.000006147766,0.00002187589,0.0004522861,0.0001609606,0.00316915,0.00001074455,0.0002113452,0.2217248],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001323855,0.0001872592,0.9724509,0.00001888393,0.000003199911,0.00008265474,0.0006354207,0.000004785152,0.0008185955,0.00006941657,0.02547644,0.0001200826],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9987919,0.00006760536,0.000002393344,0.0007464935,0.0001703691,0.00007499802,0.000002890195,0.000005403601,0.0001378857],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977017,0.0006563477,0.001020616,0.00006692508,0.0001319251,0.000001810896,0.000001903763,5.362604e-7,0.0004182463],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2216048,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1414559,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2040155841","doi":"10.1016/j.jdeveco.2008.01.008","title":"The fiscal impact of high-skilled emigration: Flows of Indians to the U.S.","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Development Economics","topic":"Fiscal Policy and Economic Growth","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":172,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Emigration; Counterfactual thinking; Economics; Earnings; Revenue; Fiscal policy; Fiscal year; Work (physics); Demographic economics; Macroeconomics; Geography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02404292469846864,"gpt":0.2153822362430078,"spread":0.1913393115445392,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009900871,0.0001592155,0.0005949326,0.0002227714,0.0002077862,0.00003129632,0.0005796268,0.0000855845,0.00006244097],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000146092,0.0001098784,0.0003080244,0.0001441458,0.00008933471,0.0002195142,0.00007730035,0.0001843394,0.00007627658],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002880442,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002812324,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008013389,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001419349,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976789,0.00001802374,0.001865309,0.000146126,0.00003494179,0.0002566743],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978363,0.0001734155,0.00153753,0.0002737295,0.000059206,0.0001198343],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000806614,0.0005095895,0.7930467,0.00006042895,0.002515157,0.00001093865,0.02290664,0.02548063,0.0000606352,0.1016397,0.04513993,0.007823078],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001379021,0.0004112563,0.9358841,0.00002999233,0.00001387304,0.000122559,0.0002471927,0.0007590334,0.0009519206,0.02517861,0.03468323,0.00033924],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9939373,0.0002851431,0.0003821329,0.001783269,0.0005316027,0.0001466882,0.00005515521,0.000002682903,0.0028761],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973322,0.0003316129,0.001762477,0.0001569957,0.0002360607,0.000005209834,0.000003173249,0.00001687752,0.00015538],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1428374,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.448071,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2146483643","doi":"10.1016/j.jdeveco.2003.07.005","title":"Biotechnology boosts to crop productivity in China: trade and welfare implications","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Development Economics","topic":"Genetically Modified Organisms Research","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":152,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Institute of Genetics; Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Economic Research Service; European Commission; Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Commercialization; China; Welfare; Productivity; Economics; Biotechnology; Production (economics); International trade; Agricultural economics; Natural resource economics; Business; Economic growth; Biology; Political science; Marketing; Market economy","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0180124630376785,"gpt":0.2257180704268545,"spread":0.207705607389176,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002539473,0.00007075827,0.0001397778,0.00005164841,0.00008388323,0.00003396246,0.0001988007,0.00007230662,0.00002070451],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005193245,0.00003345482,0.00001845763,0.0001553275,0.00003450635,0.00007187995,0.00008727089,0.0001475119,0.000005276263],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001509541,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006380433,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001742907,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004923287,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993252,0.00001340592,0.000286171,0.0001508401,0.00004611236,0.0001782342],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997439,0.00001427245,0.00007944056,0.00003682671,0.0000200383,0.0001055454],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006027197,0.0003574103,0.03207305,0.000009409003,0.00003924096,0.00001033356,0.0007100045,0.0005633593,0.4191812,0.005525651,0.00005131812,0.5414187],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001478986,0.000125526,0.9577056,0.000006251213,0.000001331301,0.00006323036,0.00006392383,8.054753e-7,0.03153857,0.001603742,0.008665538,0.00007759668],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8977941,0.00003813997,0.00002959036,0.1019349,0.00003248577,0.0001169211,0.000002515209,0.000005145708,0.00004614079],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9947074,0.00007938111,0.005088043,0.00007519247,0.0000367426,0.000003518712,0.000001120226,8.769049e-7,0.000007693622],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9256325,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1364248,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2019815275","doi":"10.1016/s0304-3878(03)00040-3","title":"Moving toward markets? Labor allocation in rural China","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Development Economics","topic":"China's Socioeconomic Reforms and Governance","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":130,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; National Science Foundation","keywords":"China; Economics; Economic shortage; Panel data; Labour economics; Labor mobility; Geography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009758965321898492,"gpt":0.2414569749963534,"spread":0.2316980096744549,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001631546,0.00009159441,0.0002159241,0.00008535586,0.0001292116,0.00007848351,0.0002033329,0.00007340926,0.0001409097],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001609743,0.00008672605,0.00006199847,0.00007135523,0.00004253966,0.0006074426,0.00001709324,0.0001586559,0.00001554111],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00120847,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001223669,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001584472,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008086719,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989389,0.00005671356,0.0006034703,0.00008687111,0.00008704377,0.0002269915],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992127,0.00004137198,0.0005455702,0.00006160141,0.00004468458,0.00009411819],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001214431,0.0002374058,0.6469008,0.00003838742,0.0001568267,0.00001694634,0.1205683,0.0009669538,0.00005058961,0.1153851,0.001479027,0.1140782],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009411417,0.00002047947,0.740199,0.00006283693,0.000005097388,0.00001181562,0.007512266,0.00004732224,0.0002741558,0.00877283,0.2418967,0.0002563149],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9857269,0.0001853918,0.0000785927,0.001479808,0.0006486853,0.00007792092,8.723197e-7,0.000004247306,0.0117976],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.993059,0.00164383,0.004108075,0.0001674518,0.0001217455,0.000002113761,6.055121e-7,0.000008697022,0.0008885252],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2404177,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3536586,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1481206788","doi":"10.1016/j.jdeveco.2014.11.004","title":"Suicide and property rights in India","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Development Economics","topic":"Gender, Labor, and Family Dynamics","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":126,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Canadian Institute for Advanced Research","funders":"","keywords":"Property rights; Wife; Property (philosophy); Domestic violence; Demographic economics; State (computer science); Political science; Suicide prevention; Socioeconomics; Poison control; Economics; Medicine; Law; Environmental health","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01674611423997879,"gpt":0.2384540294850512,"spread":0.2217079152450724,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001175214,0.00007130187,0.0001807312,0.0001301037,0.0001407703,0.00006031997,0.0001545097,0.00006986726,0.00001295203],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005258802,0.00005222229,0.00002285454,0.00006281397,0.00006110867,0.0002201556,0.00002444791,0.0001217455,0.00000631385],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001951873,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004521238,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001418898,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002271726,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991965,0.00005948536,0.0003954538,0.00008577679,0.00007877217,0.0001840441],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995163,0.00005477835,0.0002128912,0.00004675098,0.00005536094,0.0001139397],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002253394,0.00007233863,0.922191,0.00001125592,0.00004113844,0.000007627924,0.02609557,0.00009062565,0.00001594109,0.03512966,0.0002364358,0.01608589],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005805074,0.00003223054,0.8299273,0.00003438376,0.00000517661,0.00000764464,0.001787572,0.0001183128,0.00003231316,0.007687705,0.1596283,0.0001585613],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9819436,0.00004732452,0.0001125398,0.0002448775,0.0003341475,0.0000603526,3.758276e-7,0.000003710186,0.01725304],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.992937,0.0003090349,0.005955497,0.0002103736,0.0001192652,8.705319e-7,5.540959e-7,0.000004458684,0.0004629176],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1593919,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2129563,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1543719353","doi":"10.1016/j.jdeveco.2015.06.006","title":"The persistent effects of in utero nutrition shocks over the life cycle: Evidence from Ramadan fasting","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Development Economics","topic":"Dietary Effects on Health","field":"Medicine","cited_by":118,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"In utero; Indonesian; Demography; Test (biology); Medicine; Psychology; Developmental psychology; Pregnancy; Fetus; Biology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03578848291759687,"gpt":0.2756873255660263,"spread":0.2398988426484295,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001624369,0.0001179213,0.0003657396,0.00009126917,0.00006370818,0.00003371964,0.0002099381,0.0000551745,0.000005351154],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001030442,0.00007191874,0.0001080819,0.00007487533,0.00004655393,0.000204074,0.00005696185,0.0002991589,0.000004563503],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005101255,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001044057,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004281162,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006600799,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998554,0.0001215879,0.0008164603,0.0001116604,0.0002009367,0.0001953505],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976224,0.001256267,0.0006175168,0.0001752666,0.0001239478,0.0002046519],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.006288221,0.001652078,0.7278574,0.001979028,0.002325593,0.0003639793,0.02538434,0.006884769,0.001253393,0.0001020291,0.008987473,0.2169217],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006948426,0.001381519,0.9669546,0.005157482,0.0002134112,0.0001741027,0.002447002,0.007391396,0.003109449,0.0003206339,0.005658047,0.0002438913],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9921036,0.003735651,0.00007135094,0.002957376,0.000670508,0.0003990754,7.972922e-7,0.000003628832,0.00005797783],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9951413,0.001389436,0.002662948,0.0005383662,0.0002270821,0.000008389132,0.000001576559,0.00001256299,0.00001839602],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2390972,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2932761,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2064062682","doi":"10.1016/s0304-3878(02)00086-x","title":"Taxes, inequality and the size of the informal sector","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Development Economics","topic":"Taxation and Compliance Studies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":112,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal; Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Inequality; Economics; Informal sector; Labour economics; Demographic economics; Economic growth; Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03228594291974198,"gpt":0.201057348991104,"spread":0.168771406071362,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00106768,0.00007641479,0.0003055157,0.00004014911,0.0001079837,0.00002995234,0.0001740947,0.00002873187,0.00008216357],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003542924,0.00004943358,0.00008528172,0.00006479065,0.0001023945,0.0001461849,0.00005070516,0.0001086333,0.000008679117],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004871529,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009602288,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006361834,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002302316,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998885,0.00001913026,0.0009101164,0.00006521475,0.00002162013,0.0000989665],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982773,0.0001153549,0.001419933,0.0001146196,0.00004466725,0.00002809558],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007872162,0.00004451099,0.5096406,0.00003101692,0.000253627,2.187355e-7,0.003684542,0.0001587985,0.000002308879,0.4841232,0.0007145366,0.001267844],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002079369,0.00002243542,0.7208405,0.00001658754,0.000006560531,0.00001902958,0.0005293895,0.00003376471,0.0003122772,0.02452086,0.251488,0.0001313063],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9855379,0.0008308358,0.0002819834,0.0008506206,0.0005156149,0.00009049244,0.00001091283,0.000001574375,0.0118801],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9970356,0.0004692579,0.001604993,0.0004034258,0.0000315151,0.000002518412,1.156346e-7,0.000004537073,0.0004480733],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4596024,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2015843,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2126284673","doi":"10.1016/j.jdeveco.2008.09.003","title":"Enforcement in informal saving groups","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Development Economics","topic":"Microfinance and Financial Inclusion","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":106,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Sanctions; Enforcement; Slum; Economics; Developing country; Informal sector; Business; Law and economics; Sociology; Political science; Economic growth; Law; Population","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03087638094500557,"gpt":0.1986428426145338,"spread":0.1677664616695282,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007782179,0.0001432577,0.0004767186,0.000480722,0.0001269122,0.00002409902,0.0002723261,0.00009780068,0.0001800558],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004010664,0.000165615,0.0001070513,0.0001399727,0.00003304764,0.0006642962,0.0001123472,0.0002205754,0.0001910585],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003963597,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000218097,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002537809,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004023562,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977736,0.000004356571,0.001755588,0.0001480548,0.00003004798,0.0002883548],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987124,0.0000187663,0.001035103,0.0001242346,0.00003588196,0.00007358194],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001763628,0.0003280851,0.7909031,0.00005012868,0.00009696703,0.0001224148,0.01317342,0.002086411,0.00009567017,0.1757955,0.001675912,0.01549602],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002058681,0.0001382728,0.4614752,0.00007260568,0.000002375974,0.0002147246,0.0001787705,0.0002536573,0.001134789,0.005756371,0.528234,0.0004805684],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9821438,0.0007300043,0.001516666,0.00009304859,0.0006315469,0.0000847788,0.000003893135,0.000004726871,0.01479151],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9908672,0.002446516,0.005750794,0.0002933111,0.0001361462,0.000003252442,0.000003823818,0.00001478754,0.0004841658],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5265581,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6753585,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3121755446","doi":"10.1016/j.jdeveco.2007.02.003","title":"How corruption hits people when they are down","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Development Economics","topic":"Corruption and Economic Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":102,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Misfortune; Language change; Criminology; Political science; Business; Economics; Psychology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02861329376135136,"gpt":0.2566383369718528,"spread":0.2280250432105014,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002891011,0.0001428946,0.0003116477,0.0002649869,0.0003461376,0.0002603549,0.0003327511,0.0001183987,0.0003302518],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001344755,0.0001448017,0.0001062404,0.00006867864,0.00004131191,0.0006213585,0.0000549563,0.0001778857,0.0001064977],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001274464,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000957444,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003582573,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008855552,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985127,0.00003886039,0.0007319478,0.0001594569,0.0001717665,0.0003852388],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983516,0.0001010895,0.0009666239,0.0001017619,0.0001931562,0.0002857796],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002431345,0.0002649298,0.2860358,0.00002844231,0.0002740099,0.0000312982,0.1156649,0.0001698326,0.00008924966,0.01062309,0.004683461,0.5818918],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005847325,0.00002208881,0.1776952,0.00003542381,0.00001043811,0.00002518959,0.0166905,0.000009826687,0.0001255672,0.0007724374,0.8037677,0.0002608624],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9765933,0.00005806535,0.002485823,0.005324301,0.00251973,0.0001457459,0.000001581187,0.00002371736,0.01284774],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9806098,0.0004855951,0.01024084,0.0004429423,0.0005298225,0.000002263134,0.000003368856,0.0000158253,0.00766954],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7990842,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5904844,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2155767032","doi":"10.1016/j.jdeveco.2015.07.010","title":"Entrepreneurship versus joblessness: Explaining the rise in self-employment","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Development Economics","topic":"Digital Economy and Work Transformation","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":87,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"International Development Research Centre; Economic and Social Research Council; Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation","keywords":"Endogeneity; Earnings; Self-employment; Economics; Workforce; Labour economics; Entrepreneurship; Human capital; Work (physics); Demographic economics; Estimation; Econometrics; Economic growth","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05103047407557552,"gpt":0.2718066678722391,"spread":0.2207761937966636,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001962536,0.00007374374,0.0001452979,0.00009667547,0.0001201812,0.0001527246,0.0002665287,0.00004450483,0.00001727517],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000660529,0.00006106035,0.00004337906,0.00008977694,0.00003911599,0.0008985127,0.00002068152,0.0001153492,0.0000296269],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005916316,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001040951,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001916376,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008051632,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999027,0.00007027443,0.0005307784,0.00006909009,0.0001127011,0.0001901409],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993255,0.0001349374,0.000289502,0.00005975945,0.00006270199,0.0001275788],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008799861,0.000483133,0.1714686,0.00001803403,0.0003203927,0.00002702891,0.4837718,0.01083873,6.68598e-7,0.07058484,0.001647649,0.2599591],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003007056,0.00009352146,0.00689475,0.00006472434,0.00001780316,0.000006092305,0.0465878,0.00008731503,0.000162255,0.003619222,0.9392089,0.0002506115],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9585835,0.0001191214,0.00007173381,0.001688586,0.0009713114,0.00009834103,4.072392e-7,0.000009980767,0.03845702],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984968,0.0002600201,0.000956086,0.00006603083,0.0001304413,0.000004464197,6.837673e-7,0.000005103123,0.00008031678],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9375612,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2489969,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2057455293","doi":"10.1016/j.jdeveco.2008.02.006","title":"Economic transition and gender differentials in wages and productivity: Evidence from Chinese manufacturing enterprises","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Development Economics","topic":"Labor market dynamics and wage inequality","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":74,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Winnipeg","funders":"","keywords":"Productivity; Wage; Labour economics; Economics; Manufacturing sector; State (computer science); Demographic economics; Economic growth","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03755242955963868,"gpt":0.229879808054918,"spread":0.1923273784952793,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007757596,0.0001791627,0.0005616131,0.0002618817,0.00007863321,0.00007535638,0.000125959,0.00007346524,0.00005066217],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005470369,0.0001828505,0.00005689005,0.00002739827,0.00005261294,0.0007481083,0.00006448896,0.000159439,0.000005140027],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002265031,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007138152,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009126594,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001532011,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983987,0.00002875991,0.001059325,0.0003127853,0.00002338566,0.0001770596],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999003,0.0001328668,0.0006308011,0.0001289215,0.00001433772,0.00009005295],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009961474,0.00006874006,0.9920945,0.00004700253,0.0001249863,0.00001779518,0.004477118,0.0003016881,0.00005006037,0.0005576981,0.000005843455,0.00215493],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006561003,0.00002447995,0.9704469,0.00004366777,0.000005964597,0.00005214425,0.00004478336,0.0003653178,0.0003616988,0.02754853,0.0002235224,0.000226879],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9968055,0.001444939,0.0008048757,0.0003621052,0.0003522145,0.0001058678,0.00003965064,0.000004911333,0.00007996881],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.990057,0.007557857,0.002164425,0.00005584332,0.0001212813,0.000003527148,0.000004422302,0.00001587484,0.00001975476],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02699083,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7456428,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2996366183","doi":"10.1016/j.jdeveco.2019.102416","title":"Economic and psychological effects of health insurance and cash transfers: Evidence from a randomized experiment in Kenya","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Development Economics","topic":"Agricultural risk and resilience","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":73,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"National Institutes of Health; Cogito Foundation","keywords":"Randomized experiment; Cash; Actuarial science; Randomized controlled trial; Health insurance; Cash transfers; Self-insurance; Attrition; Demographic economics; Economics; Health care; Business; Medicine; Finance; Economic growth; Surgery","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01728632349748221,"gpt":0.2453986119370977,"spread":0.2281122884396155,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005966732,0.0001192319,0.0006491042,0.00001944303,0.00003576857,0.00002397415,0.0001383397,0.00006202915,0.00002128933],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003076862,0.00004366935,0.00006361969,0.0000363336,0.00006919866,0.0002106912,0.00003232992,0.0001031075,0.000002396828],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007622453,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003156568,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001476628,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001640197,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987651,0.0001241399,0.0007219266,0.0001880507,0.00005607623,0.0001447411],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987993,0.00068685,0.0003862158,0.00002634547,0.00001680888,0.00008450649],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.006978943,0.0002807042,0.6614808,0.000092944,0.0001225507,0.000009671796,0.005905906,0.0001950542,0.04675283,0.0001152145,0.00004344174,0.2780219],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.007566801,0.0004274627,0.9859031,0.0003163465,0.00000374399,0.00002015791,0.0004241762,0.00003197448,0.004911482,0.0001640805,0.00009978882,0.0001308835],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9951108,0.003927963,0.00000379217,0.0004528251,0.0001706656,0.0003149059,0.000002595866,0.00000246414,0.00001405222],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9873523,0.01173646,0.000799978,0.00006303196,0.00003055497,0.000004314986,0.000001046107,5.945119e-7,0.00001168185],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3244222,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1780784,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2051973013","doi":"10.1016/j.jdeveco.2011.05.002","title":"Financial constraints and occupational choice in Thai villages","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Development Economics","topic":"Microfinance and Financial Inclusion","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":72,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Moral hazard; Economics; Explanatory power; Ex-ante; Test (biology); Actuarial science; Hazard; Econometrics; Microeconomics; Macroeconomics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05375920708658508,"gpt":0.2203334720937289,"spread":0.1665742650071439,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006870744,0.0001359329,0.0004135381,0.0003605096,0.00007476327,0.00002584872,0.0001821689,0.0001185462,0.0002316633],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001220155,0.0001561535,0.00006099093,0.00009677107,0.00008172404,0.0003821531,0.00008080391,0.0001720038,0.00005498332],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001608485,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002384067,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003836851,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001176305,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984274,0.000007377257,0.001140847,0.0001917256,0.00002167054,0.0002110139],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989924,0.00003383055,0.0007877006,0.00008792472,0.0000385231,0.00005960859],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008569335,0.0001368412,0.9017442,0.00001864296,0.00002513073,0.00001780817,0.002424428,0.000009856001,0.00003021511,0.08078773,0.0003258545,0.01439358],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009431497,0.00006211366,0.9450575,0.00004155403,0.000002226299,0.00004106343,0.0000522894,0.00002284174,0.0005497657,0.01924195,0.03375518,0.0002303932],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9923252,0.0008689534,0.001032105,0.00007841905,0.0004948658,0.00008119641,0.00001710938,0.000003660253,0.005098515],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9891342,0.0008155183,0.009558817,0.0002722855,0.0001094008,0.00000283378,0.000002730138,0.00001195225,0.00009229676],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.06154578,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6367754,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2241424663","doi":"10.1016/j.jdeveco.2014.12.006","title":"A gender-based theory of the origin of the caste system of India","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Development Economics","topic":"Culture, Economy, and Development Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":69,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Endogamy; Caste; Hinduism; Sociology; Externality; Pareto principle; Gender studies; Genealogy; Population; Economics; Political science; Demography; History; Law","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07899923904471845,"gpt":0.2684526904388831,"spread":0.1894534513941647,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002456984,0.0001109289,0.0004021183,0.00008131105,0.0001755304,0.00001587196,0.0005577581,0.00007041841,0.00001543129],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001613106,0.00006661854,0.0001642514,0.0001526892,0.0002685451,0.0001161572,0.00009562747,0.0001129345,0.000002304447],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004302671,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003522047,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003412073,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002293174,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983875,0.00017294,0.0009634791,0.00008790976,0.0002227398,0.0001654884],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.997588,0.0001407722,0.001730156,0.0001488973,0.0003149959,0.00007714448],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002359576,0.0002345397,0.7311404,0.0002755058,0.001033992,0.000002446218,0.1438213,0.001056288,0.00005739892,0.1154252,0.003663491,0.003053497],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004152023,0.0001361722,0.4957659,0.0008092909,0.0002307594,0.00003191901,0.2400499,0.00003772386,0.01822007,0.008204574,0.2317141,0.0006475248],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9749832,0.0003068552,0.00006855457,0.0002809915,0.001062559,0.0001923265,0.00000692584,0.000003287111,0.02309534],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980803,0.00005769948,0.001381978,0.00006376665,0.00007491477,0.000002385424,2.323769e-7,0.000006573038,0.0003321788],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2353745,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.624796,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1977370161","doi":"10.1016/s0304-3878(03)00037-3","title":"Competition under credit rationing: theory and evidence from rural China","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Development Economics","topic":"Banking stability, regulation, efficiency","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":61,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Competition (biology); Credit rationing; Economics; China; Loan; Duopoly; Portfolio; Interest rate; Financial market; Monetary economics; Microeconomics; Financial economics; Finance; Cournot competition","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02195392279480524,"gpt":0.2195535474780662,"spread":0.1975996246832609,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00217895,0.0001294887,0.0003231927,0.0001809695,0.0001501511,0.0001349457,0.0001537988,0.00007492494,0.000363157],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003729777,0.0001457409,0.00006278136,0.00008153428,0.00007108282,0.000637772,0.00002818199,0.0001397753,0.00003394812],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003233057,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001714807,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000982532,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001435819,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998533,0.00005548947,0.001026015,0.0001913817,0.00003526979,0.000158825],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985278,0.0002463041,0.0009429248,0.000152474,0.00005683643,0.00007362456],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004395248,0.00008400233,0.2435723,0.00001649116,0.00009626552,8.319047e-7,0.002316641,0.003274538,0.00003544574,0.7492796,0.00005673186,0.001223221],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004953899,0.00004227128,0.6873979,0.0000748826,0.000008164462,0.00002285915,0.0002569961,0.0004278598,0.0003363354,0.3076787,0.003046375,0.0002123048],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9551429,0.002830416,0.03991134,0.0003263332,0.0007005414,0.0000840635,0.000005826086,0.000007834957,0.0009907265],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9878641,0.0005027845,0.01133947,0.00007866376,0.00009772386,0.000001978742,0.00000409431,0.0000138151,0.00009733319],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4438256,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.594314,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385431452","doi":"10.1016/j.jdeveco.2023.103121","title":"How do policymakers update their beliefs?","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Development Economics","topic":"Media Influence and Politics","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":59,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology; Political science; Policy development; Public relations; Public administration","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03842518893538185,"gpt":0.2870683094720722,"spread":0.2486431205366904,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001110968,0.00009084408,0.0001914096,0.0002120567,0.0002401736,0.0002053359,0.0003306874,0.00007805903,0.00005952054],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001807024,0.00008028228,0.00007677983,0.0001746796,0.00009795815,0.0003916794,0.00003901736,0.0001387014,0.0001659209],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002323829,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001379216,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001436123,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009857674,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990132,0.00004364408,0.0003663495,0.00008094675,0.0001329195,0.0003628973],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991336,0.0001171052,0.0003265538,0.00008604133,0.00009982445,0.0002368338],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005768641,0.0001147327,0.07933473,0.0000616687,0.0006708864,0.0001015476,0.2389228,0.0004876739,0.0001162725,0.3665046,0.1202432,0.1933842],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001849489,0.00001329348,0.00469706,0.00001657462,0.000004653872,0.000005381554,0.007659166,0.000004473557,0.0003850483,0.007396429,0.9795152,0.0001177751],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9749136,0.00006510194,0.00002559132,0.01752428,0.001179694,0.00006635943,0.000004467571,0.00002220694,0.006198725],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.984767,0.004863014,0.002546973,0.002342748,0.001746365,0.000004022678,0.00000529509,0.00002235704,0.003702293],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8592719,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3273817,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1976380652","doi":"10.1016/s0304-3878(02)00014-7","title":"Estimating consumer demands across the development spectrum: maximum likelihood estimates of an implicit direct additivity model","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Development Economics","topic":"Economics of Agriculture and Food Markets","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":58,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Purdue Research Foundation; U.S. Department of Agriculture","keywords":"Econometrics; Economics; Per capita; Engel curve; Per capita income; Additive function; Range (aeronautics); Income elasticity of demand; Consumer demand; Mathematics; Microeconomics; Price index","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0246439952776745,"gpt":0.2216414064059241,"spread":0.1969974111282496,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001909985,0.0003687459,0.0009978812,0.0001979069,0.0003391882,0.0001826056,0.0007279156,0.000167416,0.0001639402],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001156038,0.0003164447,0.0002237931,0.0001287397,0.00009825771,0.0008433372,0.0001828063,0.0003365792,0.00008949482],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003432594,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001552127,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000869697,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001085797,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9964435,0.00001923049,0.002481504,0.0004068706,0.00006196427,0.0005868967],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9966431,0.0001949714,0.002480276,0.0003561389,0.0000991705,0.0002263683],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001123634,0.008251124,0.2885717,0.001354212,0.01346328,0.0001092947,0.09167938,0.1419863,0.001055682,0.03084011,0.02185595,0.3997093],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00952406,0.001086913,0.2610246,0.0005806473,0.0002404169,0.0008120775,0.001902413,0.4264176,0.02885012,0.2028834,0.06145483,0.005222885],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9852074,0.001194696,0.00416399,0.0003724811,0.0005286758,0.0002118741,0.00009345734,0.00002080273,0.008206647],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8875771,0.0003118665,0.1116116,0.0001618296,0.0001591296,0.0000147633,0.00001556773,0.00004171606,0.0001063452],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3944864,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999288,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3125246447","doi":"10.1016/j.jdeveco.2014.01.004","title":"Labor coercion and the accumulation of human capital","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Development Economics","topic":"Culture, Economy, and Development Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":47,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research","funders":"","keywords":"Coercion (linguistics); Economics; Human capital; Labour economics; Work (physics); Capital (architecture); Demographic economics; Geography; Market economy","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04686671848930093,"gpt":0.3106274218525996,"spread":0.2637607033632987,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001570271,0.00007077507,0.0002430173,0.00006003551,0.0003898193,0.0000495103,0.0001320298,0.00004306738,0.00002602337],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001167035,0.00005070076,0.00004346372,0.00003906069,0.0002021884,0.0002186534,0.00003831722,0.00006877058,0.000003377219],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009135347,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001803507,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004578121,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006922922,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991663,0.00006360462,0.0005109783,0.00006970314,0.00007927957,0.0001101051],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990886,0.000142725,0.000543912,0.00004610086,0.0001293699,0.00004925685],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001637675,0.00009377609,0.2877522,0.00003477939,0.0004013744,7.064952e-7,0.1953894,0.0001054309,0.00005038647,0.490313,0.001879496,0.02381566],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004217736,0.00008752012,0.6475179,0.00007061793,0.00005698508,0.000007279214,0.02937402,0.00004105314,0.0006970139,0.03862503,0.2789504,0.0003544575],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.990404,0.000162007,0.00007372604,0.001492167,0.0002346035,0.00008776164,6.316793e-7,0.000003633914,0.007541512],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973959,0.000630595,0.001315865,0.0001530418,0.0001677315,0.000001671526,0.000001099776,0.000003887687,0.0003302478],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4516879,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2998214,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3216567408","doi":"10.1016/j.jdeveco.2021.102786","title":"Hot Days, the ability to Work and climate resilience: Evidence from a representative sample of 42,152 Indian households","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Development Economics","topic":"Energy and Environment Impacts","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba; University of Ottawa","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Respondent; Work (physics); Sample (material); Psychological resilience; Resilience (materials science); Demographic economics; Economics; Socioeconomics; Geography; Psychology; Engineering; Political science; Social psychology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02632255440688872,"gpt":0.2446602003707553,"spread":0.2183376459638666,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008729858,0.0001202927,0.0002291896,0.00002333411,0.0001246304,0.0000456251,0.0002883141,0.00005177729,0.0004081966],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003618616,0.00009229255,0.00004772383,0.000141997,0.0001655523,0.0003871458,0.0003735715,0.0001492721,0.00001618539],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002543135,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009172008,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009241635,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002530791,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998729,0.00009440983,0.000556506,0.0002292598,0.000172772,0.0002180354],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986433,0.0005278311,0.0003721947,0.0002660752,0.00001072559,0.0001799059],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001705291,0.00007140912,0.9456807,0.000007361817,0.00004344663,0.00001541374,0.007759544,0.03692206,0.002048954,0.00001644617,0.0005462773,0.006717869],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001816236,0.0000449231,0.9804873,0.00007129835,0.00001264244,0.00001223226,0.0007190042,0.000006878474,0.01600678,0.0003193519,0.002023708,0.0001142008],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9983078,0.0001112608,0.0002029833,0.001059125,0.0001179125,0.00007175291,0.00001129833,0.000002593875,0.0001152518],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9784945,0.0009385762,0.0201573,0.0003408824,0.00002690966,0.000002693983,0.000001987781,0.000008169179,0.00002896502],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03691518,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4469467,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2040167718","doi":"10.1016/j.jdeveco.2013.11.002","title":"Shared accountability and partial decentralization in local public good provision","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Development Economics","topic":"Local Government Finance and Decentralization","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke; Center for Interuniversity Research and Analysis on Organizations","funders":"","keywords":"Decentralization; Accountability; Incentive; Economics; Complementarity (molecular biology); Government (linguistics); Public economics; Democratization; Economic system; Central government; Local government; Public good; Agency (philosophy); Politics; Democracy; Public administration; Microeconomics; Market economy; Political science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02034399957844388,"gpt":0.2531111796990179,"spread":0.232767180120574,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006694932,0.00007136382,0.0001510895,0.00006743901,0.0001093498,0.0001968033,0.0001176114,0.00007777177,0.0001720795],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009583824,0.00006736287,0.00002280117,0.0001115879,0.00006652681,0.001448371,0.00003010428,0.00007160731,0.00001252362],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006105372,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005673688,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001600597,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008608217,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989327,0.00005595287,0.0005269831,0.0001114454,0.0001643258,0.0002086551],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993911,0.00003514837,0.0002961191,0.00004792941,0.0001113508,0.0001183306],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003661175,0.0002111805,0.8536546,0.00001708854,0.00001904273,0.000001301587,0.008817355,0.0002900032,0.00001964439,0.01663194,0.0005839007,0.1197173],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001727098,0.00007608236,0.8334647,0.00007412996,0.00000956875,0.000004983997,0.006649178,0.00298271,0.0006192412,0.00396112,0.1501011,0.0003301062],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9917319,0.00006041732,0.005904134,0.001213324,0.0002180668,0.0002089442,7.159171e-7,0.000005614408,0.0006568707],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982263,0.0005148026,0.001012832,0.0001400979,0.00005782127,0.000004631386,0.000003407029,0.000004816399,0.00003524358],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1495172,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2746978,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1977655512","doi":"10.1016/j.jdeveco.2005.09.007","title":"Moral hazard and Marshallian inefficiency: Evidence from Tunisia","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Development Economics","topic":"Land Rights and Reforms","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":43,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Desjardins","funders":"","keywords":"Unobservable; Inefficiency; Economics; Moral hazard; Landlord; Microeconomics; Comparative statics; Profit (economics); Production (economics); Econometrics; Incentive","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02123284739015841,"gpt":0.1888400632832266,"spread":0.1676072158930682,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001466085,0.00007880796,0.0001462183,0.00001119977,0.00009245027,0.00007113132,0.0001379916,0.00004867541,0.00007547667],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000002719739,0.00001657593,0.00003696616,0.00003534591,0.00002918198,0.0001988685,0.00002848916,0.00006824824,0.000005891688],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004059697,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003218901,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005566356,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004242363,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994127,0.000007339384,0.0003242124,0.00008242093,0.00005630075,0.000117014],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996986,0.00003900512,0.000150868,0.00001712319,0.00002939606,0.00006502615],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006941972,0.0001276197,0.3126369,0.000009777638,0.00007000919,0.00003315998,0.0002788988,0.0002520178,0.008787602,0.0006147829,0.001200927,0.6759189],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001776248,0.00008828826,0.9118723,0.00005777678,0.000007533748,0.00003498196,0.00005674609,0.0001250488,0.001963484,0.006367448,0.07908833,0.0001604393],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9979131,0.000340296,0.000004332019,0.001218199,0.00018442,0.00003170915,0.000003595918,0.00000549797,0.0002988166],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9962772,0.0009146921,0.001988226,0.00005943019,0.0002995198,3.945171e-7,0.00000559023,6.089474e-7,0.0004543123],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6757585,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.08264166,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2935803605","doi":"10.1016/j.jdeveco.2020.102513","title":"Grain exports and the causes of China's Great Famine, 1959–1961: County-level evidence","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Development Economics","topic":"Agricultural risk and resilience","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Famine; Counterfactual thinking; Economics; China; Consumption (sociology); Procurement; Panel data; Agricultural economics; Demographic economics; Geography; Econometrics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03567508669738867,"gpt":0.2066783319975737,"spread":0.171003245300185,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003922381,0.0001227181,0.0002989777,0.000008165616,0.0001331238,0.00004854473,0.0002890261,0.00004750261,0.00003543916],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000142321,0.00003411252,0.00008041476,0.0001039843,0.0001368925,0.000249777,0.00008711985,0.0001234568,0.00000246197],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002750718,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005200386,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003311489,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001002713,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990062,0.0000408474,0.0005537896,0.0001323368,0.0001277178,0.0001390928],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990259,0.0002116362,0.0005290597,0.00002592627,0.00008627984,0.0001211609],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001827691,0.0002336608,0.5796129,0.0001772786,0.0004876443,0.00009150081,0.01417646,0.0005294748,0.06698623,0.002257904,0.01145413,0.3221651],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003637283,0.0001595687,0.9831982,0.0000871757,0.00002169498,0.00008914596,0.0008657805,0.00004700938,0.004854654,0.00016517,0.00999495,0.0001528813],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9934732,0.001016024,0.000009665298,0.005205282,0.0001055329,0.0001110857,0.000007395657,0.000004163197,0.00006767803],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9956561,0.003199764,0.0005242445,0.0003505493,0.0001576067,0.000001761482,0.000001791215,6.814144e-7,0.0001075287],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4035853,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1391068,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4388979733","doi":"10.1016/j.jdeveco.2023.103217","title":"The deforestation effects of trade and agricultural productivity in Brazil","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Development Economics","topic":"Energy, Environment, Economic Growth","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Economic and Social Research Council; Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior","keywords":"Deforestation (computer science); Productivity; Agriculture; China; Agricultural productivity; Natural resource economics; Agricultural economics; Land use; Economics; Crop productivity; Geography; Ecology; Economic growth; Biology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01081689964960247,"gpt":0.1860818547591966,"spread":0.1752649551095941,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001055717,0.0001141155,0.0003429647,0.0002278699,0.0000699868,0.00003834951,0.0001725946,0.00005516938,0.000003208687],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001368146,0.00009855405,0.00005776477,0.0001293578,0.00006274642,0.0003367501,0.00005442501,0.0001275026,0.00001731755],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002485923,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004553885,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006541479,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007226848,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985849,0.00001812563,0.0009997253,0.0001773078,0.00002178255,0.0001981676],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986492,0.0001804285,0.0009946978,0.000114188,0.000007308321,0.00005421131],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008607093,0.0002148701,0.8756166,0.0002158823,0.0003573934,0.00001170011,0.004276857,0.008412238,0.0005321598,0.08512723,0.0009533592,0.0241957],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006408103,0.00004443591,0.981059,0.00002065536,0.000003242443,0.00001264036,0.0001339594,0.0002161059,0.002237292,0.009369809,0.006136607,0.0001254678],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9973722,0.0005104015,0.00004642988,0.001066059,0.0004176511,0.0001279109,0.000003686642,0.000004776882,0.0004508522],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972343,0.001803453,0.0007164673,0.00002787314,0.00005430016,0.00000829855,0.000003205162,0.00001290966,0.0001391797],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1054424,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4018918,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386865289","doi":"10.1016/j.jdeveco.2023.103176","title":"How do digital platforms affect employment and job search? Evidence from India","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Development Economics","topic":"Digital Economy and Work Transformation","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"","keywords":"Unemployment; Reservation; Matching (statistics); Affect (linguistics); Reservation wage; Psychological intervention; Retraining; Labour economics; Vocational education; Business; Demographic economics; Economics; Psychology; Computer science; Economic growth; Medicine","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0376136654602235,"gpt":0.264890662842585,"spread":0.2272769973823615,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008087396,0.0000925363,0.0001814851,0.0001574857,0.0002036365,0.0009596325,0.0001943816,0.0000617234,0.00001654688],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007664006,0.00008383922,0.00005587015,0.0001152466,0.00007541057,0.003610538,0.00004477383,0.0001143099,0.00004583655],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002289921,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004511844,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008448802,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009185867,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991694,0.000009086437,0.0003480115,0.0001056847,0.0001413046,0.0002265114],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993225,0.0002228479,0.0001855052,0.00005193477,0.00004447869,0.0001727179],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001065173,0.00004367016,0.3579236,0.00002645255,0.0002694333,0.00002303359,0.05359593,0.0002110925,0.000008637463,0.007546381,0.001080831,0.5791644],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001932593,0.0003324801,0.6842893,0.0008476494,0.0000398366,0.00002478436,0.03008064,0.0001287195,0.001472662,0.03166259,0.2482135,0.0009752904],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9953539,0.0001083218,0.0001448126,0.001256254,0.0002860517,0.000115133,0.000006939545,0.00001846774,0.002710072],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976535,0.001202924,0.0004659702,0.00004201554,0.0001316079,0.000002365139,0.000006025916,0.000007152204,0.0004884395],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5781891,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9253758,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2060564635","doi":"10.1016/j.jdeveco.2013.04.002","title":"Stated social behavior and revealed actions: Evidence from six Latin American countries","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Development Economics","topic":"Experimental Behavioral Economics Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Global Affairs Canada; University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Latin Americans; Social capital; Pooling; Sociality; Set (abstract data type); Politics; Social psychology; Sociology; Psychology; Economics; Political science; Social science; Law","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06369450479658018,"gpt":0.3377319857218908,"spread":0.2740374809253107,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003703702,0.0001307131,0.0003482909,0.0000909819,0.0005591731,0.0002221454,0.0001927885,0.00005300238,0.0002409841],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006571645,0.0001359613,0.00005205615,0.00006574708,0.0004007847,0.000906728,0.0000760159,0.0001409486,0.00005306466],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007391579,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004788744,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002577134,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002757098,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987989,0.00006369763,0.0006468367,0.0001523863,0.0001067318,0.0002314398],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986895,0.0001874778,0.0007697009,0.00005724776,0.000164021,0.0001320756],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004947518,0.00009013436,0.9183533,0.000004201776,0.0001354228,0.000004382261,0.05561868,0.000003582525,0.000766923,0.0004310733,0.001674943,0.0228679],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005188874,0.0001073042,0.9396306,0.0000564255,0.00006104136,0.000002788157,0.04091525,0.000007440497,0.001305133,0.0004132911,0.01662056,0.0003612292],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9970145,0.0002098422,0.000007730549,0.001870312,0.0003068852,0.000215437,0.000008660511,0.00001341003,0.0003532179],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9886069,0.002123571,0.008628658,0.0001687916,0.0001696597,0.00003004639,0.000002088568,0.00001265651,0.0002576341],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02250667,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5544339,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4226136491","doi":"10.1016/j.jdeveco.2021.102802","title":"When do refugees return home? Evidence from Syrian displacement in Mashreq","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Development Economics","topic":"Migration and Labor Dynamics","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Refugee; Quarter (Canadian coin); Demographic economics; Displaced person; Population; Development economics; Geography; Political science; Demography; Economics; Sociology; Law","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02062463143117457,"gpt":0.2802416592874832,"spread":0.2596170278563087,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001135311,0.00009637786,0.0002375192,0.0001055023,0.0001204854,0.0001975535,0.0002633774,0.00008456768,0.0007975018],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002229097,0.00009622279,0.0000594616,0.0001179127,0.00003977881,0.0004887332,0.0000520525,0.0001817388,0.0000196061],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007576856,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001722687,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006941723,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02073475,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998625,0.0001353211,0.0007002866,0.0001527989,0.000188615,0.0001980003],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990309,0.0001542347,0.0004064062,0.0001137987,0.0001527134,0.0001419731],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002730148,0.0003804249,0.6296277,0.00004077299,0.0003518297,0.0002203006,0.2796568,0.00145242,0.0006253976,0.01970347,0.008602687,0.05906521],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001037808,0.00003849177,0.06805618,0.0005506543,0.0000256792,0.000009316801,0.01664574,0.0003435978,0.0008367315,0.007607084,0.9044217,0.0004270441],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9923344,0.000933218,0.0002804089,0.004792085,0.0007186075,0.00006569173,0.000004301117,0.000005331377,0.0008659164],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.957791,0.007931043,0.02993868,0.0006126074,0.0003714101,0.000004037337,0.00001043987,0.00001572511,0.003325022],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.895819,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9971343,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2113428595","doi":"10.1016/j.jdeveco.2014.04.007","title":"From Beijing to Bentonville: Do multinational retailers link markets?","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Development Economics","topic":"Global trade and economics","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Multinational corporation; Beijing; Business; Link (geometry); China; International trade; Industrial organization; Political science; Computer science; Finance","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0312042931895251,"gpt":0.1995540102492633,"spread":0.1683497170597382,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00129365,0.0002272834,0.000626893,0.0004025951,0.0001143187,0.0001952929,0.0005225902,0.0001411297,0.0006477135],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020719,0.0002775708,0.0001857009,0.0001071364,0.00003636361,0.0004773154,0.0001135465,0.0002292616,0.0008822927],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005332502,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001078045,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001928447,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002101165,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974585,0.00001643934,0.001771656,0.0003589398,0.00004296232,0.0003515625],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99809,0.0001312063,0.001165665,0.000241803,0.00007203458,0.0002992437],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004755669,0.0004070766,0.5978779,0.00006083295,0.001563719,0.00001615615,0.005102531,0.01662861,0.00004363065,0.2499498,0.01871195,0.1091622],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00147099,0.00006814108,0.1296759,0.00004811343,0.00001071413,0.00001571887,0.0002356366,0.002278982,0.0001880526,0.01997484,0.8455287,0.0005042233],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9741468,0.0002783376,0.003266897,0.003589118,0.001797264,0.0001224234,0.000060131,0.00001333062,0.01672574],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9329285,0.0002363408,0.06414814,0.00127092,0.0009529491,0.000005796781,0.00002348675,0.00004040913,0.0003934623],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8268167,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999676,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2110944932","doi":"10.1016/j.jdeveco.2013.05.005","title":"Contractual structure in agriculture with endogenous matching","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Development Economics","topic":"Land Rights and Reforms","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Sharecropping; Moral hazard; Matching (statistics); Economics; Margin (machine learning); Microeconomics; Principal–agent problem; Agency (philosophy); Imperfect; Incentive; Endogeny; Econometrics; Agriculture; Mathematics; Computer science; Statistics; Finance; Biology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009404961385805669,"gpt":0.1539207651807065,"spread":0.1445158037949009,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007725194,0.00009439685,0.0001822787,0.0000139496,0.0000745756,0.00007067298,0.0001405008,0.00006624567,0.0002098358],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00000170839,0.00001480144,0.00003227916,0.00004769519,0.0000128481,0.0002491788,0.00001508143,0.000148881,0.000007750611],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006035205,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003585039,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006363015,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001005791,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993819,0.000008429239,0.0003171437,0.00007512935,0.0000594006,0.0001579831],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996089,0.00002610707,0.0002262874,0.0000144274,0.00005024556,0.00007403338],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002402148,0.0005024678,0.1039323,0.00003244611,0.0004269925,0.0001755235,0.007385728,0.001890548,0.1860534,0.0006008472,0.001032938,0.6977266],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001105842,0.0003655998,0.8483754,0.00008627971,0.00001169187,0.001160003,0.001955586,0.000009953262,0.01328592,0.003118475,0.1300742,0.000451086],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9988517,0.00003902958,0.000001706349,0.0006582867,0.0001053068,0.00008819043,0.000002583403,0.00000334674,0.0002498702],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998513,0.00009384914,0.0008702075,0.0001309417,0.000176222,0.000001020533,0.000006703223,6.327716e-7,0.00020745],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7444431,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2297555,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2624367238","doi":"10.1016/j.jdeveco.2019.102388","title":"Technology adoption, capital deepening, and international productivity differences","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"Journal of Development Economics","topic":"Economic Growth and Productivity","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"National University of Singapore","keywords":"Productivity; Capital intensity; Agriculture; Capital (architecture); Agricultural productivity; Economics; Capital deepening; Agricultural economics; Business; Labor intensity; Labour economics; Natural resource economics; Industrial organization; Human capital; Capital formation; Economic growth; Market economy; Financial capital; Geography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02942249379379351,"gpt":0.2109461481700715,"spread":0.181523654376278,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00121476,0.0003322132,0.001016329,0.000930097,0.00008063045,0.0001971463,0.0006687399,0.0003848675,0.0001257869],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001949591,0.0003872511,0.0001451704,0.00006395449,0.0001170966,0.000487564,0.0006801942,0.000828796,0.0001019332],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004420321,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004023597,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000101642,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002007005,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974187,0.00001646521,0.001593015,0.0006571262,0.00003189404,0.0002828262],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9964877,0.00004320555,0.002860402,0.0003595135,0.0001364308,0.0001127067],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005049554,0.0001242926,0.9663178,0.0001113958,0.0005871922,0.000003128516,0.0009206128,0.0003847583,0.000006070514,0.02211722,0.0002447578,0.009132285],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001609412,0.000181707,0.5827228,0.0001921282,0.00004255921,0.0002808782,0.0003985532,0.0006125632,0.0005212094,0.3382051,0.07381862,0.001414535],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9846841,0.003013576,0.001498303,0.002557932,0.005741827,0.0002394227,0.00006258896,0.00001790038,0.00218436],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9868821,0.001776962,0.009848905,0.00005124611,0.0005528994,0.0000117539,0.00001740495,0.00003186377,0.0008268516],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.383595,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999858,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1829725135","doi":"10.1016/j.jdeveco.2018.02.007","title":"On the delegation of aid implementation to multilateral agencies","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Development Economics","topic":"International Development and Aid","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Delegate; Delegation; Agency (philosophy); Aid effectiveness; Development aid; Economics; Business; Public economics; Developing country; Economic growth; Computer science; Management","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03259659803981414,"gpt":0.3239562493915081,"spread":0.291359651351694,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008990775,0.00005464122,0.00008810091,0.000122118,0.0002044773,0.00004389665,0.0002074841,0.00002321979,0.0004282061],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008161354,0.00004121302,0.00003560128,0.00007156521,0.00005036182,0.000202128,0.00002248894,0.00004490497,0.00004799741],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002988111,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005172705,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002622868,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000532303,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991975,0.00003418636,0.0004333025,0.00005595037,0.0001668267,0.0001122272],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992061,0.00008306233,0.0003429783,0.00003717308,0.0002866728,0.00004402971],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003892541,0.0001239105,0.0335105,0.00001113004,0.0003815998,0.000002977492,0.2284627,0.0003295722,0.001974839,0.6387463,0.02195342,0.07411377],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001608147,0.000626228,0.2165856,0.0001761941,0.00002773399,0.000007096538,0.02894722,0.0001555351,0.1805774,0.03028602,0.5404522,0.0005505125],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9900641,0.000002207017,0.0002823379,0.002922222,0.0005989189,0.0001017604,0.000001323333,0.000002662834,0.006024499],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9927475,0.0000179109,0.005974286,0.0005885691,0.0002157057,0.000002298641,0.000001539698,0.000003977644,0.0004482005],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6084602,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4688557,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4361224087","doi":"10.1016/j.jdeveco.2023.103091","title":"The lesser shades of labor coercion: The impact of seigneurial tenure in nineteenth-century Quebec","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Development Economics","topic":"Historical Economic and Social Studies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"Universität Hohenheim","keywords":"Coercion (linguistics); Economics; Incentive; Welfare; Wage; Labour economics; Institution; Power (physics); Regression discontinuity design; Demographic economics; Political science; Market economy; Law","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02712060447099416,"gpt":0.2369713197551592,"spread":0.209850715284165,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001253536,0.0001379658,0.0006189432,0.000180492,0.0001592805,0.00003169124,0.0003570002,0.00008687251,0.00005012892],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001722946,0.00009550334,0.0002512959,0.0002483033,0.0001370395,0.0001518312,0.00008699304,0.0002001826,0.00003371156],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006417601,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003372701,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006569306,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007990682,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979813,0.00002590598,0.001586333,0.0001323682,0.00003398867,0.0002400766],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980312,0.0002822765,0.001415987,0.0001467977,0.0000713177,0.00005240316],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007210869,0.0005054774,0.7379672,0.0001066174,0.002153604,0.0000192687,0.03818773,0.01096916,0.00004607573,0.1503856,0.03722759,0.02171062],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001539866,0.0001501399,0.7831144,0.00004537037,0.00001316913,0.000005567912,0.00288213,0.0003766599,0.00007441017,0.008425071,0.2030827,0.0002905944],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9937204,0.002706941,0.00001346959,0.001157149,0.0007933964,0.0001213751,0.00004023095,0.000004061772,0.001442958],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9927784,0.006384666,0.000086727,0.00003706045,0.0001852854,0.000005575274,0.000002759829,0.0000155811,0.0005039228],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1658551,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3894513,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389976727","doi":"10.1016/j.jdeveco.2023.103238","title":"Property rights, factor allocation and household welfare: Experimental evidence from a land titling program in India","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Development Economics","topic":"Land Rights and Reforms","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Economic and Social Research Council; Università Bocconi; Indian Statistical Institute; University of Glasgow; Government of the United Kingdom; McMaster University","keywords":"Land titling; Welfare; Property rights; Property (philosophy); Economics; Land tenure; Geography; Agriculture; Microeconomics; Market economy","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04109987941857614,"gpt":0.228131525188696,"spread":0.1870316457701199,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001307832,0.00007053206,0.0001262963,0.00002322603,0.0001019428,0.0000691072,0.00009541101,0.00005113993,0.00003078427],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004011619,0.00001370374,0.00002315461,0.00006809666,0.00001539586,0.0002255903,0.00003466123,0.00007267338,0.000005065339],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006033394,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002180346,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001367306,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003361487,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994506,0.000010329,0.0002727048,0.00009819815,0.00005624151,0.000111922],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997557,0.00002526262,0.0001319133,0.00001599904,0.00001372156,0.00005740802],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001617521,0.0003587736,0.5493685,0.00001855289,0.0001107152,0.000052244,0.003600197,0.0000676778,0.01280471,0.00005023373,0.0002332425,0.4331734],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002121427,0.0001098069,0.9466511,0.00007563394,0.000002130855,0.000007005984,0.00013474,0.00009524498,0.005002403,0.00009267079,0.04750854,0.0001086108],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9989134,0.00009386745,2.218909e-7,0.000703326,0.0001345188,0.0001084917,0.000003602501,0.00001369461,0.00002887716],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998912,0.0004136408,0.0004041714,0.00001902081,0.0001076671,0.000004423218,0.00001005639,7.722228e-7,0.0001282077],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4330648,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.07840718,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392219345","doi":"10.1016/j.jdeveco.2024.103270","title":"The agricultural wage gap within rural villages","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Development Economics","topic":"Agricultural Economics and Policy","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Consortium of International Agricultural Research Centers; Agricultural Technology Adoption Initiative; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Wage; Agriculture; Economics; Wage labour; Agricultural economics; Labour economics; Geography; Archaeology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01449168382752419,"gpt":0.2006316566297899,"spread":0.1861399728022657,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005113601,0.0001657464,0.0002063016,0.00001563405,0.0003203276,0.0005213017,0.0003952942,0.00007236418,0.00008026623],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000208976,0.00004302107,0.0001771131,0.0001138161,0.00004191361,0.0003284953,0.0000717613,0.0002066949,0.0001022576],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001613442,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007176277,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001004691,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002436372,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988222,0.00002694125,0.0006953244,0.0001192656,0.00007405445,0.0002622512],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992381,0.0002321464,0.0002993772,0.00003220419,0.00006682712,0.000131342],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001392849,0.0001186881,0.003222478,0.00003855751,0.001020134,0.00005172927,0.004607355,0.0006780851,0.04427414,0.06555879,0.05715729,0.8231335],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001755689,0.0001813934,0.1218045,0.00009611079,0.00002771959,0.0004449238,0.004317658,0.0001174354,0.004869043,0.001686878,0.865823,0.0004557303],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9889886,0.001082557,6.363789e-7,0.00634403,0.001208418,0.00007964701,0.000007864656,0.00002123521,0.00226701],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9959059,0.001118997,0.0001952015,0.0001856905,0.001073479,0.000003203082,0.00001172135,0.00000149439,0.00150429],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8226777,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5026925,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3127768855","doi":"10.1016/j.jdeveco.2020.102612","title":"Does legal representation increase investment? Evidence from a field experiment in Kenya","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Development Economics","topic":"Land Rights and Reforms","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Center for Interuniversity Research and Analysis on Organizations; McGill University","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; McGill University","keywords":"Property rights; Incentive; Investment (military); Intervention (counseling); Business; Representation (politics); Legal service; Property (philosophy); Finance; Economics; Law; Market economy; Microeconomics; Political science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02432536596906325,"gpt":0.2359118596640244,"spread":0.2115864936949612,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001569769,0.00007122416,0.0001585171,0.00001349561,0.00005507333,0.00007309792,0.0001165846,0.00004879255,0.0002830474],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003702327,0.00001381531,0.00005382813,0.00005856773,0.000009840194,0.0003282059,0.00005058774,0.00008381466,0.000005034407],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009233619,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009940025,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003294421,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001709895,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992528,0.00002992858,0.0004196643,0.0001209012,0.00007218537,0.0001045179],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995338,0.0001197053,0.0001960824,0.00003124795,0.0000424527,0.00007670676],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00064417,0.0009239136,0.5143036,0.00002006137,0.0003293658,0.0006761175,0.005451366,0.0002127535,0.1364589,0.0005546451,0.002399469,0.3380257],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006416294,0.0001634412,0.4169675,0.0002543385,0.00001230508,0.00004510768,0.001767812,0.00005782631,0.4154472,0.002701228,0.1616618,0.0002797444],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9958395,0.000162783,0.000003080844,0.003385678,0.0003713171,0.00004053451,0.000001807752,0.000002689233,0.0001926399],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9948909,0.001271123,0.001951556,0.000672557,0.0003039195,0.000002667823,0.0000133211,6.594713e-7,0.0008933552],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.337746,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.309917,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2097912249","doi":"10.1016/j.jdeveco.2007.06.007","title":"Child Labor and Schooling Response to Changes in Coca Production in Rural Peru","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Development Economics","topic":"Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn","keywords":"Coca; Interdiction; Production (economics); Work (physics); Economics; Demographic economics; Labour economics; Development economics; Geography; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01097271715425347,"gpt":0.2618023855405623,"spread":0.2508296683863089,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002948219,0.00005760427,0.0001196457,0.0003250589,0.0001550554,0.00004152775,0.00009351211,0.00004461292,0.00001321554],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002605475,0.00005974291,0.00001118462,0.0001621183,0.00002206129,0.0002469419,0.00001121848,0.0001189831,0.000002816756],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004983967,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000586214,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000109573,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02603505,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992934,0.0000542754,0.0003164593,0.00008145574,0.00007202631,0.0001823153],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999607,0.00004617537,0.000143598,0.00003877607,0.00005767052,0.000106795],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008819454,0.0001332531,0.7640657,0.00001173604,0.0000207561,0.000006100745,0.1713903,0.0001245638,0.000119594,0.0005690984,0.0003717981,0.06230517],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002549635,0.00002170029,0.8743282,0.00008451325,0.000001442295,0.00000961294,0.01847411,9.548042e-7,0.0005143071,0.0001326425,0.1060921,0.00008550831],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9732999,0.0004343836,0.00000361222,0.02514149,0.0005595773,0.00009512374,4.901004e-7,0.000002912843,0.0004625609],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9957558,0.00177962,0.001425195,0.0004475066,0.0003891335,0.000001224129,4.934752e-7,0.00000511429,0.0001958988],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1529162,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9917372,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408746791","doi":"10.1016/j.jdeveco.2025.103496","title":"Peer learning and technology adoption in a digital farmer-to-farmer network","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Development Economics","topic":"ICT in Developing Communities","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; McGill University","keywords":"Business; Marketing; Agricultural science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008647010612705591,"gpt":0.2267914590080538,"spread":0.2181444483953482,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006599789,0.000108348,0.0002224944,0.0007149259,0.000109892,0.0002360394,0.0005542807,0.00007442357,0.000001983147],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001485553,0.0001138854,0.0000204311,0.0004515353,0.00003130775,0.000476339,0.0005480507,0.0003486837,0.000008627993],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002415416,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004465613,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":7.550638e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008239009,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990372,0.00001925412,0.0005282463,0.0001147917,0.00007749281,0.0002230175],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993298,0.00009405678,0.0002057301,0.0001218264,0.0002069254,0.00004167991],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000438147,0.00008871499,0.3827558,0.00003863729,0.0001855217,0.00002755467,0.006093152,0.01140025,0.00002661035,0.06590725,0.002073984,0.5313587],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001550311,0.0002138189,0.09603409,0.000740237,0.00001014002,0.0002760084,0.002313641,0.005047679,0.0006372127,0.0424936,0.8499653,0.0007179477],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9192405,0.0002334961,0.06980632,0.007369083,0.0006866838,0.00008450396,1.55427e-7,0.00003253874,0.00254671],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8202083,0.0001648056,0.1776363,0.0003502383,0.00003875925,0.000004617732,8.224694e-7,0.000008161344,0.001588028],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8478913,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4644113,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1873463662","doi":"10.1016/j.jdeveco.2014.02.004","title":"Walk the line: Conflict, state capacity and the political dynamics of reform","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Development Economics","topic":"Culture, Economy, and Development Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"Economic and Social Research Council","keywords":"Politics; Sustainability; Economic reform; State (computer science); Economic system; Economics; Political economy; Ethnic group; Ethnic conflict; Political science; Development economics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0251177715543439,"gpt":0.2517937788670274,"spread":0.2266760073126834,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002481672,0.0001153302,0.000355962,0.00004876087,0.0005022653,0.00007776743,0.0003035227,0.00005387777,0.00001672023],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002280505,0.00006314564,0.00007962366,0.00005231207,0.0007684929,0.0001625342,0.00008792107,0.0001873884,0.000003845993],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004358986,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003978041,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000325079,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004359714,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986697,0.0000996071,0.0007338661,0.00009623275,0.0001259055,0.0002746968],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986938,0.000350092,0.0005622239,0.00009699894,0.000181448,0.0001153957],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001074964,0.00003853794,0.01560669,0.00001879244,0.0003022758,5.220126e-7,0.03158503,0.00002259789,9.447255e-7,0.9430208,0.0004798749,0.008816488],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003923909,0.0001123012,0.07216644,0.00008400636,0.00009377993,0.00004753458,0.06531549,0.0006217011,0.0004025592,0.1078213,0.7488826,0.0005284161],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9230281,0.0001626965,0.0003888063,0.02351402,0.0004795027,0.0001850915,0.000005837134,0.000006992031,0.05222896],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9951939,0.00143174,0.001589542,0.000937881,0.0001894842,0.000003445448,0.000001114482,0.000006883427,0.0006460232],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8351995,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3863069,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392874614","doi":"10.1016/j.jdeveco.2025.103510","title":"Relocation from China (with Chinese characteristics)","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Development Economics","topic":"China's Socioeconomic Reforms and Governance","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Norges Handelshøyskole","keywords":"Relocation; China; History; Computer science; Archaeology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.004103159787655799,"gpt":0.2384375447578717,"spread":0.2343343849702159,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004879349,0.00009925282,0.0002552615,0.000071088,0.0002316384,0.00009882891,0.0002551452,0.0000661911,0.00007898491],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007160388,0.00007534792,0.00005437056,0.00007102593,0.00006176597,0.0003936269,0.00002803808,0.0001440942,0.00001597233],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006840182,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001397513,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002574689,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007697537,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991347,0.00002087832,0.0005144316,0.0001097192,0.00007421433,0.0001461114],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990526,0.00005568863,0.0006517566,0.00009407633,0.00007400883,0.00007180366],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002048235,0.0001344442,0.8468089,0.00001779113,0.0003521215,0.000007476786,0.0259242,0.0001072318,0.00002205673,0.01930831,0.001243404,0.1058693],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004296263,0.00001427669,0.8486434,0.00005378265,0.000009840538,0.000001310436,0.0003662164,0.00002305838,0.00004877393,0.004604232,0.1456986,0.0001068146],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.987905,0.00008466911,0.0006622755,0.002142567,0.000773964,0.00007228171,0.000004492367,0.00000735,0.00834743],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.993076,0.000827586,0.003695547,0.000205091,0.0002969105,0.000002090116,0.000004820646,0.000007046912,0.001884887],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1444552,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3072599,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4322724321","doi":"10.1016/j.jdeveco.2023.103077","title":"Do referrals improve the representation of women in mobile phone surveys?","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Development Economics","topic":"Survey Methodology and Nonresponse","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Simon Fraser University; Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation","keywords":"Referral; Mobile phone; Representation (politics); Phone; Asset (computer security); Psychology; Medicine; Demography; Internet privacy; Computer science; Family medicine; Computer security; Telecommunications; Political science; Sociology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2155383477109549,"gpt":0.425148487244885,"spread":0.2096101395339301,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.09176166,0.00005489882,0.0002497047,0.0001997286,0.0001031615,0.00002066021,0.0002465961,0.00007413267,0.0001099097],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004302013,0.00004365183,0.0000472478,0.0003558296,0.00009797153,0.0001797761,0.00004019933,0.0001352302,0.00002055972],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00039033,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008506585,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008699518,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005059736,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9929081,0.005875424,0.0006980665,0.000101465,0.0001169301,0.0003000024],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9944259,0.004836529,0.0004846825,0.00009429545,0.00009103392,0.00006755095],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002967147,0.000189563,0.4698122,0.00002087946,0.0003253767,0.00002690836,0.3527845,0.001732996,0.00252827,0.000675096,0.00151703,0.16742],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005326434,0.00005007572,0.9491574,0.0000129888,0.000003350284,0.00000244681,0.0290032,0.00000774115,0.004373266,0.002477244,0.01429295,0.00008674229],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9981668,0.00005848363,0.00003748378,0.0003182741,0.0007361339,0.0001094571,0.000001781544,0.000004703944,0.0005668835],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9970196,0.0009865458,0.001002876,0.00003779932,0.00007925819,0.00001404281,0.000001347512,0.000005661867,0.0008527928],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4793452,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9352225,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4306740808","doi":"10.1016/j.jdeveco.2022.102993","title":"Love in the time of HIV: How beliefs about externalities impact health behavior","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Development Economics","topic":"Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Externality; Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); Demographics; Economics; Transmission (telecommunications); Social psychology; Psychology; Microeconomics; Medicine; Immunology; Sociology; Demography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01857787046663255,"gpt":0.2855265287897357,"spread":0.2669486583231031,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001920123,0.00007348596,0.0002068892,0.0001185028,0.0002841861,0.00005970182,0.0004411206,0.00002189139,0.0005152599],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002123173,0.00005966402,0.00008898758,0.00009395133,0.00004959789,0.0002282139,0.00002648543,0.0001714268,0.000006288391],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008592767,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003223281,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003215473,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005332122,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988724,0.0001962318,0.0004560979,0.00007000429,0.000207463,0.0001978258],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990546,0.00007417046,0.0006668851,0.00008203527,0.00004778755,0.00007449107],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004571214,0.0005764244,0.348161,0.00001721186,0.00009132937,0.000005648178,0.6161692,0.0003115226,0.000005742806,0.002303405,0.01881363,0.01349916],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004130427,0.0001064976,0.6460983,0.00002780968,0.000009197876,0.00003110713,0.06299169,0.00000482763,0.0000232935,0.0006456969,0.2895166,0.0001319025],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9853832,0.0009117516,0.000006187386,0.01164697,0.0003379225,0.0001191499,0.00002429313,0.000001751825,0.001568814],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9949153,0.001226007,0.0004082651,0.0006906854,0.0002115287,0.000003960647,0.000006754068,0.000007851556,0.002529667],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5531775,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5717961,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2964201428","doi":"10.1016/j.jdeveco.2019.102371","title":"Monetary incentives on inter-caste marriages in India: Theory and evidence","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Development Economics","topic":"Demographic Trends and Gender Preferences","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Caste; Exogamy; Incentive; Welfare; Economics; Disadvantaged; Demographic economics; Labour economics; Socioeconomics; Economic growth; Sociology; Political science; Microeconomics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0262616703218303,"gpt":0.2723981532254975,"spread":0.2461364829036672,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00213775,0.00008354481,0.0001948483,0.0002564308,0.00006698001,0.0000721593,0.0002072291,0.00005684493,0.0001110528],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007633344,0.00007159211,0.00003648988,0.00008541055,0.00008010927,0.000443349,0.00004900035,0.0001662223,0.00001441509],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007949991,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002682265,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001561606,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003105964,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990694,0.000186305,0.0003658519,0.0001259938,0.0000940281,0.0001584022],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991953,0.0003656445,0.000276923,0.00005757229,0.00002769925,0.00007690937],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001945924,0.00005479727,0.7777299,0.00001843904,0.00008614721,0.000009285568,0.03172072,0.00003895716,0.000006636302,0.0118187,0.0000910328,0.1782307],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003303375,0.00008788633,0.9784551,0.0002715157,0.000005379746,0.000003614599,0.008356516,0.000008752378,0.00003945025,0.007313004,0.005005837,0.000122579],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9939342,0.0008893947,0.00002126004,0.0003995114,0.0004508935,0.00007163511,6.493827e-7,0.000003208692,0.004229283],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9951735,0.003250484,0.0010029,0.0001429213,0.0000495942,0.000001044092,2.58999e-7,0.000003946242,0.0003753921],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2007252,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2919441,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4288375657","doi":"10.1016/j.jdeveco.2022.102956","title":"The effect of forest access on the market for fuelwood in India","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Development Economics","topic":"Energy and Environment Impacts","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Center for Interuniversity Research and Analysis on Organizations; Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"Fonds de Recherche du Québec-Société et Culture; Agence Nationale de la Recherche","keywords":"Deforestation (computer science); Agricultural economics; Geography; Business; Agroforestry; Socioeconomics; Economics; Environmental science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008451869683297612,"gpt":0.2066424458139979,"spread":0.1981905761307003,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001907506,0.00008141575,0.0001316193,0.00003525198,0.0002204036,0.00002468297,0.000528226,0.00001930951,0.00040497],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006030583,0.00004658291,0.00005846944,0.00005950245,0.00005082164,0.0001295642,0.0002208473,0.0001514237,0.000004065841],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003805812,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003179649,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003894527,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003959363,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992061,0.0000852803,0.0003585053,0.00007342488,0.0001167191,0.0001599294],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988591,0.0006369007,0.000356782,0.0001089282,0.000001296494,0.00003701395],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001072693,0.0001165801,0.69754,0.0000117409,0.00009959027,0.000005081624,0.0005934592,0.269816,0.00008451183,0.0004905397,0.00863528,0.02153449],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007294371,0.000431182,0.9311389,0.000008563078,0.000007272416,0.00001115477,0.0001030036,0.0001636219,0.002863446,0.0007466511,0.06371038,0.00008637751],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.994462,0.00001996419,0.00001517033,0.0005518823,0.0001900984,0.0001604401,0.000002269653,8.631401e-7,0.00459735],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992428,0.00007530853,0.0001431212,0.0002057492,0.00001684477,0.00002889592,8.998699e-7,0.000007877093,0.0002785123],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2696524,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4434138,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3195541717","doi":"10.1016/j.jdeveco.2021.102718","title":"Can community service grants foster social and economic integration for youth? A randomized trial in Kazakhstan","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Development Economics","topic":"Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"World Bank Group","keywords":"Intervention (counseling); Incentive; Service (business); Human capital; Social capital; Randomized controlled trial; Randomized experiment; Economic growth; Business; Political science; Public relations; Psychology; Economics; Marketing; Medicine; Law","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04688754051652176,"gpt":0.2959243376063173,"spread":0.2490367970897955,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002440247,0.00008987526,0.0004012652,0.00008996035,0.0005045382,0.0001265057,0.0001520101,0.00008592398,0.00002650871],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001455113,0.00008955695,0.00008929771,0.00004826565,0.00005405829,0.0002668387,0.00002070832,0.0001674305,8.713927e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005284266,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002476241,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009257193,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1366383,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986624,0.0003874308,0.0006576607,0.00008366931,0.00005346559,0.0001553969],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990298,0.0002763495,0.0004257996,0.0000544152,0.0001398214,0.00007378374],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"randomized_trial","study_design_scores_codex":[0.1020939,0.0003897645,0.004093988,0.00004328591,0.0003012494,0.000001262711,0.8568257,0.00002188019,0.000008733563,0.008433785,0.000719444,0.02706704],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.7438622,0.00007770552,0.01050537,0.000115183,0.0001309214,0.000009325823,0.1932207,0.000106668,0.0003375824,0.02436902,0.02677543,0.0004898413],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9883597,0.00009485697,0.00005350086,0.009080609,0.0008812306,0.000316766,0.000017783,0.000003260821,0.001192254],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997321,0.0005407867,0.000957671,0.0006268433,0.0004005264,0.00001082227,0.00002969046,0.000008427278,0.0001042722],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.663605,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8791158,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4367670168","doi":"10.1016/j.jdeveco.2023.103103","title":"Financial market imperfections, informality and government spending multipliers","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Development Economics","topic":"Economic theories and models","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"University of Cambridge","keywords":"Economics; Collateral; Government spending; Multiplier (economics); Imperfect; Dynamic stochastic general equilibrium; Business cycle; Government (linguistics); Financial market; Interest rate; Finance; Monetary economics; Macroeconomics; Monetary policy; Welfare; Market economy","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01948239153852066,"gpt":0.196456134690196,"spread":0.1769737431516754,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001676846,0.0001495243,0.0004244301,0.0001966329,0.0001620564,0.00009480552,0.000175406,0.00008676556,0.0001920279],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001184265,0.0001738209,0.0001037364,0.00008787459,0.00004203702,0.0005360424,0.0001328302,0.0001620264,0.0001075891],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004697259,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008099688,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006302207,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001243331,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998291,0.00000724034,0.001207614,0.0001869386,0.00002738283,0.0002798064],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988116,0.00007182162,0.0008572508,0.000130034,0.00001475687,0.0001145513],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002948214,0.0001075511,0.4743061,0.000115848,0.0004674146,0.00001875172,0.004081655,0.002345762,0.00002093462,0.4801726,0.009916922,0.02815156],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002330281,0.0001256716,0.4313486,0.00004527394,0.00001401854,0.0001012128,0.0009955623,0.004561798,0.0003933923,0.05366127,0.5057492,0.0006736922],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9882104,0.0001775616,0.0008015196,0.0002335315,0.001166764,0.00009925009,0.00005106944,0.00001584638,0.009244047],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9929963,0.001865116,0.003467526,0.0001486463,0.0001762938,0.000005681747,0.000003853422,0.00002019252,0.001316442],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4958323,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7088209,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4405185696","doi":"10.1016/j.jdeveco.2024.103425","title":"Local knowledge, formal evidence, and policy decisions","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Development Economics","topic":"demographic modeling and climate adaptation","field":"Decision Sciences","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Economics; Business","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1551578323832211,"gpt":0.3965069372596184,"spread":0.2413491048763973,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004086934,0.0001033941,0.0002375443,0.001009751,0.0001315035,0.0004837611,0.0003195168,0.0000616765,0.00004103002],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009294053,0.00007358463,0.0001046975,0.0004289691,0.00006207144,0.001202577,0.0001080849,0.0001599412,0.0001255637],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001165596,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001184425,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000201121,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000311739,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998161,0.00004086681,0.001159886,0.0001879247,0.0002636734,0.0001866261],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.997764,0.001435149,0.0002468872,0.0001246662,0.0002594485,0.0001698518],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002852664,0.00002665673,0.001038194,0.00000633647,0.00004813602,0.000008557301,0.001695543,0.002079176,0.000008490481,0.01177283,0.002580395,0.9807072],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007018419,0.0002498242,0.03951821,0.0009404913,0.00005634218,0.0008740185,0.003840276,0.1589761,0.0002274565,0.2046319,0.5895028,0.0004807235],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.849619,0.003620595,0.1424971,0.001336944,0.0007347024,0.00004578437,0.000001747444,0.00001244459,0.002131638],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9866363,0.002485852,0.009995824,0.0001036316,0.0001440256,0.000001188197,4.275368e-7,0.000008504868,0.0006242106],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9802265,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.466492,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3033415115","doi":"10.1016/j.jdeveco.2022.102845","title":"Identifying communication spillovers in lab-in-the-field experiments","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Development Economics","topic":"Experimental Behavioral Economics Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"New York University; Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation","keywords":"Matching (statistics); Variation (astronomy); Field (mathematics); Inference; Order (exchange); Control (management); Cheap talk; Economics; Econometrics; Microeconomics; Computer science; Statistics; Artificial intelligence; Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0632424105590697,"gpt":0.3608847441657303,"spread":0.2976423336066606,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001996249,0.00007154633,0.000170299,0.0001838384,0.0004120814,0.0000688348,0.0006080254,0.00002521129,0.0001232376],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003934756,0.00007606834,0.00004745789,0.0001226707,0.0000442061,0.0003410661,0.0002036819,0.0002506457,0.000006411625],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001489703,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000285012,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005338406,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002630329,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988367,0.0001787567,0.0005863084,0.00008826927,0.0001293877,0.0001805827],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993298,0.0001465756,0.0003667083,0.0001063969,0.00001819439,0.00003233121],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001253941,0.0006229605,0.5220904,0.000006193126,0.00006614034,0.00003815199,0.4516154,0.0007285302,0.0003171898,0.0145353,0.002617331,0.007237056],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00261534,0.0001882305,0.07399056,0.00006487002,0.0000140982,0.00002321209,0.6626953,0.00002391576,0.003274101,0.004363345,0.2521959,0.0005511315],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9891645,0.000485956,0.0000031469,0.001874957,0.0003948085,0.0001323926,6.211764e-7,0.000002690947,0.007940868],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9967767,0.0005458098,0.001843751,0.000674193,0.00002459921,0.00002365344,0.000001206237,0.00000625964,0.000103826],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4480998,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3895521,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}