{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":7,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":7,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"17ee0b815c5b","filters":{"venue":"Journal of East Asian Linguistics"}},"results":[{"id":"W2022599740","doi":"10.1007/s10831-009-9046-z","title":"Dislocation focus construction in Chinese","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of East Asian Linguistics","topic":"Syntax, Semantics, Linguistic Variation","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":51,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Toronto","keywords":"Focus (optics); Dislocation; Syntax; Sentence; Linguistics; Stress (linguistics); Realization (probability); Mathematics; Computer science; Psychology; Physics; Philosophy","authors":[{"name":"Lawrence Y. L. Cheung","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01486459938861548,"gpt":0.2455441500700363,"spread":0.2306795506814208,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005800284,0.0004063567,0.0002836082,0.001257243,0.00159404,0.001026545,0.0004473094,0.0004117439,0.003551698],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00105467,0.0003240093,0.0003488273,0.001354449,0.00243348,0.001253346,0.001366109,0.0005118104,0.0003537565],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003225813,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002161749,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02835687,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01283179,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995188,0.00007245023,0.00004121575,0.0001512001,0.000119536,0.00009685292],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996336,0.0000933188,0.00005331286,0.00008431198,0.000108569,0.00002703437],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002415138,0.00006859807,0.02681247,0.0004869523,0.00005000392,0.005244673,0.02424913,0.001798388,0.05874264,0.7491139,0.004249541,0.1289423],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002912361,0.0005429608,0.200191,0.0002326039,0.0003611325,0.01319537,0.01317294,0.02649259,0.08593598,0.4709866,0.1881459,0.0004516598],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8722504,0.00121887,0.03180992,0.0007190584,0.00008263845,0.0001190213,0.0003990428,0.0004090038,0.09299204],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9930567,0.0002190145,0.003056195,0.00006268076,0.00001686489,0.00002434119,0.0001531945,0.00004469095,0.003366325],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02835687,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05638367,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2091273351","doi":"10.1007/s10831-008-9029-5","title":"Hybrid loans: a study of English loanwords transmitted to Korean via Japanese","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of East Asian Linguistics","topic":"Linguistics, Language Diversity, and Identity","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":39,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"The Scarborough Hospital; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Style (visual arts); Linguistics; Hierarchy; Loanword; Loan; Perception; Psychology; History; Business; Economics","authors":[{"name":"Yoonjung Kang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Michael Kenstowicz","is_ca":false},{"name":"Chiyuki Ito","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02342232071025251,"gpt":0.2269735973260522,"spread":0.2035512766157997,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005962853,0.0002412215,0.0002560963,0.0004777095,0.001735249,0.001540986,0.0003786531,0.0004650869,0.004009619],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004132225,0.000283432,0.000115538,0.0007566808,0.0007304776,0.001512307,0.001174925,0.0008098311,0.0006783174],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000599134,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008539679,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01695945,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02538867,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995939,0.0001286311,0.00003836308,0.00009227097,0.00007791105,0.00006886868],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976114,0.00104847,0.0003950535,0.0002038652,0.0004943055,0.0002469173],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007098211,0.001072917,0.3916905,0.0001832955,0.00005322511,0.006583045,0.5413522,0.00007155026,0.02821125,0.001728303,0.001021774,0.02732206],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002746692,0.000353923,0.5451397,0.00004891126,0.00008349401,0.003725074,0.4404635,0.0003805163,0.003624548,0.0005074337,0.005587331,0.00005815601],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9987184,0.00002153764,0.00004974704,0.0000198776,0.000001845915,0.000007102381,0.00001780461,0.000001291493,0.001162491],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979576,0.00005741191,0.0001337556,0.00005436905,0.000002974464,0.0000117888,0.00005657025,0.00001218869,0.001713289],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01695945,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03372151,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2075120875","doi":"10.1007/s10831-005-4914-7","title":"Variation in Form-Meaning Mapping between Korean and English Counterfactuals","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of East Asian Linguistics","topic":"Syntax, Semantics, Linguistic Variation","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Counterfactual conditional; Morpheme; Counterfactual thinking; Linguistics; Meaning (existential); Variation (astronomy); Interpretation (philosophy); Past tense; Contrast (vision); History; Philosophy; Epistemology; Computer science; Artificial intelligence; Verb","authors":[{"name":"Chung–hye Han","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02351048959376451,"gpt":0.2281248146556246,"spread":0.2046143250618601,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003013961,0.0002476191,0.0002777289,0.001067993,0.0006923464,0.003139229,0.0005433725,0.0004501403,0.005036396],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0173797,0.0004101279,0.0003503763,0.001498949,0.001678792,0.003878002,0.001486172,0.0008800346,0.0003233048],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008128281,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005604494,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004019747,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003121566,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977123,0.001143285,0.0002978615,0.0004373582,0.00026509,0.0001441358],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9926544,0.004634149,0.000615597,0.0008437528,0.001149023,0.0001030681],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002408884,0.0001842831,0.08270928,0.0006192539,0.0003799228,0.002424333,0.08597577,0.004678122,0.08309546,0.6166827,0.002965752,0.1178761],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000351896,0.0003716624,0.4472602,0.0002946658,0.0009636663,0.005904948,0.04550202,0.03731677,0.03478036,0.3957056,0.03103943,0.0005087782],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9730814,0.0002896908,0.01032148,0.0002307811,0.00004142325,0.00003212657,0.0004025831,0.00006555176,0.01553493],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973501,0.00004914761,0.001967828,0.00002308254,0.000006693244,0.00001069904,0.0001941673,0.00003873828,0.0003596863],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.005036396,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01684839,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2075450953","doi":"10.1007/s10831-008-9027-7","title":"Phonetic knowledge in tonal adaptation: Mandarin and English loanwords in Lhasa Tibetan","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of East Asian Linguistics","topic":"Phonetics and Phonology Research","field":"Psychology","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Toronto","keywords":"Mandarin Chinese; Linguistics; Grammar; Adaptation (eye); Psychology; Philosophy","authors":[{"name":"Feng-fan Hsieh","is_ca":false},{"name":"Michael Kenstowicz","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0507545231299129,"gpt":0.3345211844070974,"spread":0.2837666612771845,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006142741,0.0002318411,0.000263947,0.0008391532,0.0007967144,0.00138422,0.0003955899,0.0004693316,0.004563871],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002907342,0.0002376058,0.0001943543,0.0009177012,0.0007160443,0.0008789431,0.0008048157,0.0005075217,0.0005850649],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004892594,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004765072,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03163354,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.04891231,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996485,0.00008092048,0.00003841496,0.00009581214,0.00005947744,0.00007700836],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982811,0.0007942509,0.0002643611,0.00008474094,0.0002715131,0.0003039837],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001570333,0.0005282126,0.8495075,0.000104398,0.0001219863,0.001847516,0.07587256,0.0003368988,0.04277015,0.0006973004,0.0002555198,0.02638775],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001108766,0.00009150249,0.9884773,0.00001011256,0.00001574978,0.0003414783,0.009838543,0.0002703461,0.000459431,0.000261686,0.0002096233,0.00001304739],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9993069,0.0000293496,0.00001406389,0.00001231202,0.000001243872,0.000001411372,0.00001340656,4.741492e-7,0.0006207103],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994525,0.00002106164,0.00001851485,0.00001615554,0.000001710296,0.000002556715,0.00003193369,0.000001611272,0.0004541102],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03163354,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06289887,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2120700395","doi":"10.1007/s10831-012-9096-5","title":"L1 phonotactic restrictions and perceptual adaptation: English affricates in Contemporary Korean","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of East Asian Linguistics","topic":"Phonetics and Phonology Research","field":"Psychology","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; The Scarborough Hospital","funders":"","keywords":"Phonotactics; Linguistics; Transcription (linguistics); Pronunciation; Perception; Loanword; Phonology; Psychology; History; Adaptation (eye); Philosophy","authors":[{"name":"Yoonjung Kang","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.09928557027463686,"gpt":0.3513904068998477,"spread":0.2521048366252108,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004754895,0.0003014694,0.0002727274,0.0005057445,0.0005662012,0.001206401,0.000369112,0.000361754,0.004489597],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001988836,0.0002414539,0.00017194,0.0005730939,0.0008407651,0.0009504099,0.0007548066,0.0005588817,0.000585694],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002785178,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002226801,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01424641,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01878774,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997641,0.00004002064,0.00002851181,0.00008406148,0.00003000539,0.00005320594],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991253,0.0002509693,0.0002307161,0.00009125342,0.0001669713,0.0001347928],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002547532,0.0004527979,0.6913804,0.0002061244,0.0001839315,0.004489237,0.115274,0.000475058,0.1436152,0.001902453,0.0006906491,0.03878251],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002176639,0.0001788969,0.9722795,0.00001295573,0.00003972207,0.001255555,0.02300638,0.000237065,0.001695356,0.0003241846,0.0009205285,0.00002803422],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9992335,0.0000314838,0.00002734285,0.00001600607,0.000001261261,0.00000145782,0.00002752668,0.000001372416,0.0006600332],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999675,0.0000266783,0.00002367205,0.00001256357,0.000001096108,0.000001712951,0.0000362052,0.000004281856,0.0002187555],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01424641,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02832699,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2027740642","doi":"10.1007/s10831-012-9094-7","title":"Applicatives in Taiwan Southern Min: benefactives and malefactives","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of East Asian Linguistics","topic":"Syntax, Semantics, Linguistic Variation","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Atomic Energy of Canada Limited; National Science Council","keywords":"Linguistics; Word order; Transitive relation; Predicate (mathematical logic); Argument (complex analysis); Computer science; Resultative; Verb phrase; Mathematics; Verb; Philosophy; Noun phrase","authors":[{"name":"Hui-chi Lee","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02604083120094923,"gpt":0.2487264246733805,"spread":0.2226855934724313,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006810377,0.0002718522,0.0002199546,0.0008681179,0.00156095,0.001480911,0.0003489288,0.0004180375,0.003017436],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001352326,0.0002305621,0.0001689955,0.001787344,0.001939424,0.001663463,0.001241581,0.0007275073,0.0002126849],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001058584,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007360307,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01069916,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01488455,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996493,0.0001255005,0.00004367726,0.00006840577,0.00004228923,0.0000707224],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992293,0.0003678706,0.0001296236,0.0001056089,0.0001134269,0.00005426604],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007242834,0.00008432912,0.1119762,0.0003201128,0.00008187666,0.006927691,0.4079155,0.001160218,0.04568892,0.3531811,0.001640198,0.07029963],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00015738,0.0004301395,0.4141307,0.000253176,0.0003414978,0.00930018,0.3001963,0.007739514,0.02624439,0.1382767,0.1026901,0.0002398397],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9807814,0.0002287653,0.0009457238,0.0002448347,0.000006060848,0.000007510704,0.00005294734,0.00001712577,0.01771562],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998576,0.00004175119,0.0002104196,0.0000127535,0.000003847333,0.000003556634,0.00002722947,0.000008150942,0.001116397],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01069916,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02127373,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2972727504","doi":"10.1007/s10831-020-09203-x","title":"The syntax of Korean VP anaphora: an experimental investigation","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of East Asian Linguistics","topic":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Pronoun; Ellipsis (linguistics); Anaphora (linguistics); Syntax; Linguistics; Interpretation (philosophy); Population; Subject (documents); Computational linguistics; Contrast (vision); Natural language processing; Computer science; Mathematics; Artificial intelligence; Philosophy; Sociology","authors":[{"name":"Kyeong-min Kim","is_ca":true},{"name":"Chung–hye Han","is_ca":true},{"name":"Keir Moulton","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02374035018849262,"gpt":0.2806321082751971,"spread":0.2568917580867044,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004021731,0.0006256882,0.0007696105,0.0005437961,0.001573692,0.00240582,0.001256871,0.001054047,0.01002686],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01992747,0.0008374654,0.000334364,0.0008093667,0.001818331,0.0047842,0.001994753,0.001483638,0.0008748022],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000664263,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001028641,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002556256,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00156774,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976681,0.001060999,0.0004250799,0.000461633,0.0002730899,0.0001111231],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9786766,0.01580034,0.0009791474,0.00254075,0.001647823,0.0003553036],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.01396101,0.01027857,0.05806977,0.004099743,0.0002502589,0.002810148,0.109995,0.001893468,0.6424185,0.08739082,0.002156088,0.06667658],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.008077481,0.01970957,0.2538251,0.0008386682,0.002322624,0.01644409,0.1015334,0.04914756,0.4101426,0.1005275,0.03654136,0.000890107],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.990642,0.0001079572,0.002142119,0.00006952893,0.00001544757,0.0001816659,0.0002822652,0.00005122803,0.006507732],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9962065,0.0001017749,0.002322449,0.00005453026,0.00001013039,0.0001373205,0.0003112193,0.00008385155,0.0007721637],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01002686,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03354323,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}