{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":19,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":19,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"2c476b8db944","filters":{"venue":"Journal of Economics and Business"}},"results":[{"id":"W2137385593","doi":"10.1016/s0148-6195(03)00029-8","title":"Start-up financing, owner characteristics, and survival","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Economics and Business","topic":"Firm Innovation and Growth","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":200,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce","keywords":"Loan; Ceteris paribus; Participation loan; Business; Non-conforming loan; Cross-collateralization; Bridge loan; Loan sale; Actuarial science; Finance; Financial system; Economics; Non-performing loan","authors":[{"name":"Thomas B. Åstebro","is_ca":true},{"name":"Irwin Bernhardt","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03252160174312672,"gpt":0.2014134760797801,"spread":0.1688918743366534,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006693783,0.0001132135,0.0004058666,0.0002049004,0.00007032415,0.0001219502,0.00007032571,0.00006788649,0.0001017439],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000171558,0.00009952044,0.00004022729,0.0001156207,0.00005438047,0.000308662,0.00002156195,0.0001136112,0.00001307076],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003003285,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004048593,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001736111,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007026091,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989672,0.00000779829,0.0007182539,0.000151118,0.00001245854,0.0001431993],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989522,0.00003021286,0.0007181903,0.00009984081,0.0001320368,0.00006759752],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003761575,0.00005856492,0.154297,0.0000488914,0.00005974437,0.000006722792,0.000183174,0.00001573595,0.00001510143,0.8402525,0.0008395062,0.004185466],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001452578,0.0000680374,0.4046238,0.00002520047,0.00001014709,0.0001048689,0.00008461473,0.0003631165,0.00004449859,0.04632406,0.5465987,0.0003004163],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9925497,0.0007951277,0.0005711851,0.001058517,0.001553979,0.00004162647,0.00003725126,0.000002914215,0.00338977],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9946936,0.003391439,0.0006110228,0.000355111,0.000177414,7.323908e-7,0.000003160968,0.00001615392,0.0007513356],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7939284,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4058326,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2883741179","doi":"10.1016/j.jeconbus.2018.07.001","title":"Corporate social responsibility, product market competition, and firm value","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Economics and Business","topic":"Corporate Social Responsibility Reporting","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":72,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Endogeneity; Corporate social responsibility; Competition (biology); Value (mathematics); Enterprise value; Product market; Product (mathematics); Panel data; Tobin's q; Business; Market value; Industrial organization; Microeconomics; Economics; Econometrics; Monetary economics; Accounting","authors":[{"name":"Shahbaz Sheikh","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03702070041318123,"gpt":0.2441277220697129,"spread":0.2071070216565316,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002348213,0.0001548108,0.0003866227,0.0002273384,0.00033955,0.0004367432,0.0001197153,0.00006292575,0.00007715916],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000821479,0.0001446717,0.00006035683,0.0003223063,0.0003385075,0.001063455,0.0001930629,0.0001285645,0.000006306504],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004908228,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001781334,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008873041,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001439416,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987265,0.00002926766,0.000723417,0.0002465314,0.00008906682,0.0001852479],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9966426,0.00007501146,0.001898958,0.0001307197,0.001228263,0.00002440288],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.008163158,0.000751703,0.587942,0.001413672,0.0004602098,0.0002172629,0.0007853826,0.0001002099,0.00409645,0.2778074,0.0153776,0.102885],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001030909,0.00004475252,0.8039945,0.00007820658,0.0001105024,0.0001438686,0.0002113784,0.001929821,0.00005740743,0.125646,0.06640059,0.0003520196],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9926078,0.0001021011,0.00003721306,0.003681536,0.000630705,0.0001369304,0.000003012064,0.0000119665,0.002788757],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9951727,0.00007875614,0.0003200648,0.0005124914,0.003726162,9.792224e-7,0.000002529174,0.00001993115,0.0001663535],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2160525,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.589954,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2884490015","doi":"10.1016/j.jeconbus.2018.07.004","title":"Managerial risk taking incentives, corporate social responsibility and firm risk","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Economics and Business","topic":"Corporate Social Responsibility Reporting","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":69,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Corporate social responsibility; Incentive; Shareholder; Business; Executive compensation; Compensation (psychology); Work (physics); Accounting; Public relations; Economics; Finance; Corporate governance; Microeconomics; Psychology; Social psychology","authors":[{"name":"Atreya Chakraborty","is_ca":false},{"name":"Lucia Silva Gao","is_ca":false},{"name":"Shahbaz Sheikh","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03628396581613356,"gpt":0.2485388577566225,"spread":0.212254891940489,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003292649,0.0001986212,0.0004648275,0.0002660607,0.0006404914,0.0006062796,0.0001534351,0.0001126525,0.00004485475],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002428283,0.0001866342,0.0000953727,0.0003693336,0.0003963448,0.001328369,0.0002947622,0.000249615,0.000006087072],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007276043,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001390114,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004577618,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005179788,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984011,0.00006239603,0.0008832713,0.0003050903,0.0001023455,0.0002457996],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.991122,0.0001336161,0.007696453,0.0001501039,0.000867289,0.00003054077],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.003727423,0.0001541305,0.7688486,0.0001717527,0.0002140257,0.00006671004,0.0004282084,0.00004660856,0.0003062512,0.00818065,0.0004554418,0.2174002],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00105752,0.00003135657,0.9238675,0.000037368,0.0001648202,0.00002282101,0.0003158675,0.001678529,0.00001858253,0.06094269,0.01160946,0.000253447],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9971987,0.0001288867,0.0001404046,0.0004138667,0.0009569088,0.0001493555,0.000009798414,0.00001484853,0.0009872493],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9949028,0.0003639281,0.0003501655,0.0001547776,0.004156603,9.499547e-7,0.000002483814,0.00002406326,0.00004420824],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2171468,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.761072,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2055914119","doi":"10.1016/j.jeconbus.2013.10.001","title":"Antitakeover provisions, managerial entrenchment and firm innovation","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Economics and Business","topic":"Corporate Finance and Governance","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Business; Relation (database); Agency (philosophy); Industrial organization; High tech; Monetary economics; Economics; Law","authors":[{"name":"Atreya Chakraborty","is_ca":false},{"name":"Zaur Rzakhanov","is_ca":false},{"name":"Shahbaz Sheikh","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01331437469301256,"gpt":0.1837650210939295,"spread":0.1704506464009169,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001329055,0.00008782271,0.0001573403,0.0001616865,0.00006181571,0.0003012751,0.0000671141,0.00003234793,0.0000572566],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001786921,0.00007276455,0.00001730222,0.0002134881,0.00002693803,0.001669994,0.00005514804,0.00005055789,0.00001871097],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001203549,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001600412,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008328633,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001198099,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994435,0.000001308944,0.0003212929,0.00009900503,0.00003996086,0.00009487349],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990873,0.000008480932,0.0005807736,0.00006182841,0.000254429,0.000007182576],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002696503,0.0003073012,0.3102317,0.0006275292,0.0001524997,0.00005582268,0.00005768212,0.0004479823,0.0006848715,0.3517435,0.0556065,0.2798149],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001045168,0.00001121428,0.7847295,0.00008109077,0.00002791259,0.00002029921,0.00003734237,0.0008086791,0.000009977573,0.01127655,0.2018023,0.0001499524],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9959312,0.0001809904,0.00006977511,0.001744521,0.0004680935,0.0000972238,0.000001572367,0.000003218275,0.001503385],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969139,0.001207366,0.0002768535,0.0006654458,0.0007642719,0.00000198178,0.000002937413,0.000006361609,0.0001608908],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4744978,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2967252,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2035407180","doi":"10.1016/j.jeconbus.2010.07.002","title":"Factors impacting on whether and how businesses respond to early warning signs of financial and economic turmoil: Jamaican firms in the global crisis","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Economics and Business","topic":"Island Studies and Pacific Affairs","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Financial crisis; Recession; Quarter (Canadian coin); Livelihood; Warning system; Economics; Financial system; Business; Business cycle; Finance; Development economics; Economic policy; Macroeconomics; Agriculture","authors":[{"name":"David Tennant","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02392960422503966,"gpt":0.2664642763786167,"spread":0.242534672153577,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007924218,0.0001015642,0.0002664109,0.00007845927,0.0002257126,0.0001765823,0.0001090591,0.00007378471,0.000006674561],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002362748,0.00006586681,0.00003235498,0.0001062926,0.0001186397,0.0002182738,0.00003253904,0.0001411978,1.602811e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003330435,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001146426,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001557483,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01023569,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994339,0.00004291903,0.0002028594,0.000110993,0.00004794672,0.0001613507],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993207,0.0002198864,0.0002624818,0.00005877351,0.00007453808,0.00006354812],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006547053,0.00008832993,0.8739752,0.0000506115,0.00007705535,0.00001376801,0.08519103,0.0004841801,0.0001874636,0.01596656,0.0013916,0.02191948],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005331263,0.0002007139,0.9424039,0.00004679474,0.00002310821,0.0000112291,0.03726046,0.00002860501,0.00001652694,0.001771285,0.0175236,0.0001806165],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9910857,0.00009349325,0.000005574094,0.007493929,0.0003664716,0.00006828704,0.00001588693,0.000001246533,0.0008694305],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989707,0.0005926887,0.00005190572,0.00007245836,0.0002939549,5.679746e-7,2.154808e-7,0.000004562793,0.00001297399],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.06842872,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5711756,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2094461481","doi":"10.1016/j.jeconbus.2008.12.001","title":"The relationship between incentive compensation and performance related CEO turnover","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Economics and Business","topic":"Corporate Finance and Governance","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Incentive; Equity (law); Turnover; Compensation (psychology); Business; Executive compensation; Monetary economics; Microeconomics; Economics; Psychology; Social psychology","authors":[{"name":"Atreya Chakraborty","is_ca":false},{"name":"Shahbaz Sheikh","is_ca":true},{"name":"Narayanan Subramanian","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03740236040806327,"gpt":0.1973597854656379,"spread":0.1599574250575746,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002658712,0.00007837547,0.0001444233,0.00006276848,0.0003532073,0.0001115862,0.0000805139,0.00003932084,0.000002714971],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007612337,0.00005695055,0.00002303038,0.0001599175,0.00009302502,0.001309911,0.00003950776,0.0001188739,0.000006758168],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001984453,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000310209,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002702877,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002659667,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994643,0.000003890468,0.0003175128,0.00007894163,0.00004447064,0.00009092794],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988928,0.0001099672,0.0007334291,0.00006376723,0.0001918295,0.00000819539],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003898319,0.000006570523,0.9904379,0.00001629136,0.0000106854,0.000002342096,0.00002272911,0.0001223759,0.000001433791,0.006938152,0.0002738287,0.002128714],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004997795,0.000008642716,0.9773682,0.00004184715,0.0000205203,0.00002542005,0.00001559375,0.0007834431,0.000001687551,0.003247981,0.01790928,0.00007757702],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.997469,0.0003022862,0.00003044821,0.001406894,0.0002412242,0.00004933412,0.000001458681,0.000003163076,0.0004962022],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977293,0.001572722,0.00002348479,0.0001109857,0.0004312999,4.904835e-7,0.000002354122,0.000007176936,0.0001221692],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01763545,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2716621,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2954968964","doi":"10.31014/aior.1992.02.03.107","title":"The Impact of IFRS Adoption on Earnings Management-Results from Canada","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Economics and Business","topic":"Auditing, Earnings Management, Governance","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Fanshawe College","funders":"","keywords":"Leverage (statistics); Earnings management; Business; Accounting; Earnings; Panel data; Variables; Economics; Econometrics; Statistics","authors":[{"name":"Kousay Said","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006327731384046342,"gpt":0.1829095085280225,"spread":0.1765817771439762,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004332759,0.0001569027,0.0002695349,0.0001165736,0.0001092029,0.0002125813,0.0002976639,0.00003246069,0.00004353581],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004594879,0.0001107715,0.00008667829,0.000173791,0.00003292918,0.0005910759,0.0001390684,0.000147313,0.00001707779],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001196262,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007267926,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1061142,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01070286,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989595,0.000006789563,0.0005437974,0.0001656246,0.0001353604,0.0001888619],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9868808,0.0001052699,0.01259487,0.0001878448,0.0002162305,0.00001502672],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002936553,0.0002179165,0.3722411,0.000329541,0.001436707,0.0000673974,0.0001436565,0.2434384,0.0001816541,0.01986836,0.02572355,0.3334152],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001542502,0.00002945466,0.8912513,0.0001540279,0.00005518646,0.000002251634,0.0002024445,0.002712218,0.000007876656,0.0005978318,0.1032755,0.0001694076],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9893751,0.0000541455,0.0001768341,0.0006627227,0.0006180882,0.0001200384,0.00001154395,0.000004165879,0.008977324],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981536,0.0006310979,0.00005163344,0.0002175311,0.0005066057,7.243117e-7,0.00000893305,0.00001884157,0.0004110864],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5190102,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8998383,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2768506698","doi":"10.1016/j.jeconbus.2017.11.001","title":"The impact of the Volcker rule on targeted banks, systemic risk, liquidity, and financial reporting quality","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Economics and Business","topic":"Auditing, Earnings Management, Governance","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Brock University","funders":"","keywords":"Market liquidity; Economics; Capital requirement; Systemic risk; Equity (law); Proxy (statistics); Monetary economics; Financial crisis; Macroeconomics","authors":[{"name":"Fayez A. Elayan","is_ca":true},{"name":"Rafet Aktaş","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kareen Brown","is_ca":true},{"name":"Parunchana Pacharn","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0212324641746048,"gpt":0.2552892359438471,"spread":0.2340567717692423,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002623947,0.0001550497,0.0003764728,0.000058292,0.0009019747,0.0006463156,0.0004336588,0.0000549072,0.000006835965],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01758035,0.00008860173,0.0001517725,0.0000680216,0.0001564662,0.0007670011,0.0004047869,0.0002433195,0.000001995136],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005091833,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007360028,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001521313,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001270564,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984844,0.00002260364,0.001040922,0.0001584906,0.0001092536,0.0001843215],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9365042,0.0000759941,0.06274211,0.0003482386,0.0003159894,0.00001344111],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002708753,0.0000602948,0.9363856,0.0002321932,0.0001438144,0.00001038203,0.00007236051,0.003999765,0.0001848385,0.004680551,0.002548412,0.05141095],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004793315,0.00001494458,0.9894921,0.0002065022,0.00005073853,0.00001691193,0.00003751987,0.001360476,0.00002189261,0.00216425,0.006035262,0.0001201028],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9972069,0.0002431984,0.0002518371,0.0008500919,0.0006540226,0.0001232649,0.000006060434,0.000004041695,0.0006605994],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980211,0.000740425,0.00001876001,0.00008779407,0.00100241,0.000001230874,5.748788e-7,0.00001500368,0.0001126773],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.06198018,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.990695,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1984820664","doi":"10.1016/s0148-6195(00)00027-8","title":"Asymmetries in risk and in risk attitude: the duopoly case","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Economics and Business","topic":"Capital Investment and Risk Analysis","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Duopoly; Certainty; Microeconomics; Economics; Benchmark (surveying); Risk aversion (psychology); Simple (philosophy); Expected utility hypothesis; Financial economics; Cournot competition; Mathematics","authors":[{"name":"Bruno Larue","is_ca":true},{"name":"Vincent Yapo","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01513622066668156,"gpt":0.1959043457750871,"spread":0.1807681251084055,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009230303,0.0001180323,0.0004280172,0.000423388,0.0001207091,0.000199243,0.0001021398,0.00006749955,0.0001204116],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006893227,0.00009305582,0.00007421932,0.0003222997,0.0001288818,0.0004513202,0.00003051888,0.0002203885,0.000011813],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005017447,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002193484,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003312145,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004639645,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988913,0.00002108413,0.0007571621,0.0001656327,0.00001225483,0.0001525624],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991449,0.0001012992,0.0005515203,0.0001221776,0.00002513925,0.00005500469],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001346401,0.0001528569,0.9235632,0.00001976028,0.0001382063,0.00022288,0.0009331598,0.00550876,4.521671e-7,0.04596647,0.0001144827,0.02324516],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002181404,0.00007452213,0.8456275,0.00002961601,0.00005683069,0.000737626,0.000477481,0.01691867,0.000005681808,0.09542474,0.03813477,0.0003311537],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9682382,0.03035171,0.000008374869,0.0006724166,0.000117191,0.00005782047,0.00004817324,0.000001239827,0.0005048419],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8228473,0.176698,0.0001095697,0.00008429573,0.00008808545,0.000001221543,7.666114e-7,0.000007996177,0.0001627886],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1463462,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5006995,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3123966164","doi":"10.1016/j.jeconbus.2014.09.003","title":"Executive compensation and the corporate spin-off decision","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Economics and Business","topic":"Corporate Finance and Governance","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University; Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Incentive; Corporate governance; Ceteris paribus; Equity (law); Endogeneity; Executive compensation; Business; Monetary economics; Spin offs; Stock (firearms); Economics; Microeconomics; Finance; Industrial organization; Econometrics","authors":[{"name":"Yi Feng","is_ca":true},{"name":"Debarshi K. Nandy","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yisong S. Tian","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01927022269104239,"gpt":0.1959044561417323,"spread":0.1766342334506899,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006185754,0.00009180263,0.0002331727,0.00007290274,0.0001151007,0.0002498185,0.000101115,0.00003067989,0.000005713901],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009836077,0.00005945982,0.00003338059,0.0001172902,0.0001009461,0.0008125713,0.00005775975,0.00007355693,0.000006724264],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000009947536,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001800156,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000504832,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000076237,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994662,0.000006166687,0.0003040838,0.00009620751,0.00004482386,0.00008251687],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998352,0.00008113405,0.001212401,0.00008169349,0.0002644756,0.000008321643],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00215733,0.000104885,0.1084834,0.0001259583,0.00007692063,0.0000149731,0.00009602105,0.004529334,0.00007143095,0.6292401,0.006368523,0.2487312],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004330429,0.00002345859,0.6626248,0.0001365124,0.00007083264,0.00004937895,0.00005223358,0.03300977,0.000007912276,0.1134634,0.1860372,0.0001939462],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9942471,0.0002940501,0.00170857,0.002297084,0.0004387429,0.00006576577,0.000001062182,0.000002608818,0.0009449667],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9962184,0.001744739,0.00016539,0.001038887,0.0007823142,7.292138e-7,0.000001105355,0.000007943133,0.00004049151],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5541415,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2424701,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4235950637","doi":"10.31014/aior.1992.03.02.226","title":"https://www.asianinstituteofresearch.org/JEBarchives/Does-Bangladesh-Need-to-be-Established-Derivatives-Markets%3F","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Economics and Business","topic":"Banking stability, regulation, efficiency","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Derivatives market; Derivative (finance); Currency; Emerging markets; Equity (law); Developing country; Business; Economics; International economics; Monetary economics; Finance; Economic growth","authors":[{"name":"Hasibul Islam","is_ca":false},{"name":"Masud Rana","is_ca":false},{"name":"Nayan Kumar Sarker","is_ca":false},{"name":"Md. Abu Bakor Siddique","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0395676612802686,"gpt":0.2391627399149127,"spread":0.1995950786346441,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001237874,0.0002892111,0.0008266547,0.0005178808,0.0002162309,0.0003777684,0.0006043102,0.0001217456,0.0004465971],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001013323,0.0002745816,0.0001790098,0.0006965973,0.0002459725,0.001055529,0.0001841022,0.0003790037,0.00007347724],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001513977,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001991484,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005168449,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003186838,"domain_scores_codex":[0.997517,0.00003988117,0.001379128,0.0005437979,0.00007166222,0.0004484856],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978902,0.0001722314,0.0009355437,0.00033311,0.0002677649,0.0004011498],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001216659,0.0009025317,0.3127317,0.0006110172,0.0005904681,0.00008910542,0.00731204,0.01553679,0.0007061337,0.6400314,0.007723931,0.01254825],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002380406,0.0003783252,0.5959893,0.00008957727,0.0000315167,0.0000592666,0.0004809354,0.01472442,0.0002336567,0.02977872,0.3549858,0.0008680157],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9570459,0.0008963662,0.006129878,0.02597955,0.0009574433,0.0002952089,0.0001230852,0.00002029259,0.008552296],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9938626,0.001112891,0.00292544,0.001136109,0.0007453273,0.0000053914,0.00001018459,0.00004772117,0.0001543485],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6102527,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999706,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2046990959","doi":"10.1016/j.jeconbus.2009.06.002","title":"Why do firms denominate bank loans in foreign currencies? Empirical evidence from Canada and U.K.","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Economics and Business","topic":"Risk Management in Financial Firms","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Currency; Monetary economics; Loan; Hedge; Syndicated loan; Business; Maturity (psychological); Devaluation; Liberian dollar; Foreign exchange risk; Economics; Proxy (statistics); Finance","authors":[{"name":"Debarshi K. Nandy","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03230105312150693,"gpt":0.2270423069234567,"spread":0.1947412538019498,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003778125,0.0001815308,0.0003757512,0.0002444622,0.00008248511,0.0004240576,0.0002545948,0.00005862815,0.00003031029],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001963932,0.000160502,0.00003801518,0.0002681171,0.00004159315,0.001715679,0.0001122871,0.0001627701,0.000002043353],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001001426,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001123801,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1196126,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1920605,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988974,0.000006913554,0.0005509535,0.0002201316,0.00009317977,0.0002313852],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989456,0.0000851542,0.0006408353,0.0001335994,0.0001675903,0.00002720411],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002956816,0.0001287062,0.8601252,0.0001501091,0.00004851076,0.0002367947,0.0001154905,0.002221496,0.00004074907,0.007117481,0.02347433,0.1060454],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007147119,0.00002278448,0.8946941,0.0003031786,0.00005378367,0.0000126449,0.0001203078,0.003210933,0.000006152543,0.02672585,0.07385167,0.0002838031],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9919992,0.001599101,0.0001465468,0.005000862,0.0004540166,0.0001032159,0.000003754721,0.000004053157,0.0006892419],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.992739,0.002730011,0.0002254147,0.003523748,0.0007537735,0.000001031615,0.000002822341,0.00001125995,0.00001294628],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1057616,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.88625,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2519946226","doi":"10.1016/j.jeconbus.2016.09.001","title":"The Bad, the boom and the bust: Profit warnings over the business cycle","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Economics and Business","topic":"Financial Markets and Investment Strategies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Thompson Rivers University","funders":"","keywords":"Bust; Business cycle; Surprise; Monetary economics; Earnings; Boom; Stock market; Economics; Abnormal return; Warning signs; Business; Financial economics; Stock exchange; Finance; Keynesian economics","authors":[{"name":"Raymond A. K. Cox","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ajit Dayanandan","is_ca":false},{"name":"John R. Nofsinger","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01343046890620745,"gpt":0.1821069596378554,"spread":0.1686764907316479,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001992827,0.0001741449,0.0003706386,0.00005593444,0.0007323978,0.0005583714,0.0004575065,0.00006630116,0.00003544595],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003219692,0.00006190628,0.00009771238,0.0001591033,0.0007874636,0.0005147035,0.0001394666,0.0001685711,0.00001009939],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003762437,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006565315,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001413987,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000712734,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987972,0.00003601525,0.0007082527,0.0001792623,0.00003206568,0.0002471912],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979387,0.0005756697,0.001014593,0.0002891555,0.0001388392,0.00004302349],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002633147,0.00001820484,0.01495332,0.00001633295,0.0001224531,0.000001935389,0.0004538086,0.00006438145,0.000005517931,0.9700761,0.002906801,0.01111778],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001507945,0.00002887767,0.4370911,0.00004143474,0.00002478232,0.00005820132,0.0001539797,0.0007266772,0.000004460142,0.1533815,0.4068268,0.0001541675],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9154814,0.00854784,0.00009645656,0.07086713,0.0009173581,0.000228505,0.00002458603,0.000003788962,0.003832945],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9541519,0.04320293,0.00002364319,0.00114005,0.0005810747,0.00001311842,3.969753e-7,0.00002084304,0.0008660634],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8166946,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5633086,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4383065974","doi":"10.1016/j.jeconbus.2023.106129","title":"Portfolio Choice with Endogenous Donations - Modeling University Endowments","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Economics and Business","topic":"Financial Markets and Investment Strategies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Economics; Endowment; Donation; Portfolio; Investment (military); Endowment effect; Microeconomics; Asset (computer security); Substitution (logic); Asset allocation; Financial economics","authors":[{"name":"Georg Cejnek","is_ca":false},{"name":"Richard Franz","is_ca":false},{"name":"Neal M. Stoughton","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06361212293805013,"gpt":0.1932091097168794,"spread":0.1295969867788292,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002387405,0.00009336031,0.0002637554,0.0003304246,0.0001281635,0.00007567384,0.0001199548,0.00004180232,0.00003293381],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002469262,0.00009272462,0.00004525757,0.0002634308,0.00003716419,0.0005390201,0.00003449505,0.00007327631,0.00001409837],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005731842,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006444849,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001759211,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004797966,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993489,0.00000408346,0.0003468496,0.0001336893,0.00001481836,0.0001516061],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993524,0.00002572667,0.0003916021,0.00008424764,0.00008682095,0.00005918536],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000147341,0.0001492708,0.03953695,0.00006346598,0.0002611747,0.0001041788,0.0002748314,0.06025942,0.00002830265,0.8964199,0.0007816807,0.001973507],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006859897,0.0005665757,0.2304635,0.0001710498,0.0001137061,0.0004487749,0.001281793,0.1177448,0.00003472166,0.1679886,0.4730581,0.001268544],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9776052,0.0004286103,0.0003930557,0.000556109,0.0002795492,0.00006473865,0.00005822163,0.000009173396,0.02060534],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9914166,0.007654858,0.0003424504,0.00007808956,0.0001267247,5.299948e-7,0.000006533958,0.00001212842,0.0003621047],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7284313,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.37812,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2956733685","doi":"10.1016/j.jeconbus.2019.105847","title":"Investor skepticism and the incremental effects of small positive sales surprises","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Economics and Business","topic":"Auditing, Earnings Management, Governance","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Windsor","funders":"University of Windsor","keywords":"Surprise; Earnings surprise; Skepticism; Creative accounting; Stock (firearms); Earnings; Business; Monetary economics; Financial economics; Economics; Accounting; Post-earnings-announcement drift; Earnings per share; Psychology; Accounting information system","authors":[{"name":"Michael S. H. Shih","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006098711943475387,"gpt":0.1692195200962741,"spread":0.1631208081527987,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004871343,0.0001308024,0.0003495658,0.0001270736,0.00006878753,0.0001715311,0.0001683082,0.00003354881,0.00001393661],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007317684,0.00009347317,0.00005729351,0.0001040727,0.0001561665,0.000642123,0.0002271874,0.0001067632,0.000008548296],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001774167,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001994089,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002016932,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004352457,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993122,0.00001249297,0.0003605028,0.0001229912,0.0000661952,0.0001255799],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.992286,0.0001823373,0.007257938,0.00009337032,0.0001688955,0.00001142398],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001988463,0.0003881108,0.4983253,0.004378199,0.001267801,0.0000832844,0.001096373,0.002378993,0.003124662,0.3830029,0.00323092,0.1007349],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00997379,0.00009714358,0.9406924,0.0009272581,0.0004924638,0.00005585445,0.0006644444,0.00327491,0.0004225035,0.009979035,0.03288242,0.0005377468],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9957331,0.000581931,0.0006715205,0.0008223582,0.0003996486,0.0001997151,0.000001617558,0.000003693053,0.001586392],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975472,0.0008679938,0.0001753365,0.0008131331,0.000471636,0.000001356403,0.000001955111,0.00001612708,0.0001052239],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4423671,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3811725,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3108842530","doi":"10.31014/aior.1992.03.04.296","title":"The Impact of Exports on Economic Growth in Vietnam","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Economics and Business","topic":"Economic and Technological Developments in Russia","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Context (archaeology); Quarter (Canadian coin); Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Pandemic; Business; International trade; Economics; Development economics; Economic growth; Geography","authors":[{"name":"Nguyễn Thị Vân Anh","is_ca":false},{"name":"Vu Thuy Hien","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02791402371192749,"gpt":0.2717414653440392,"spread":0.2438274416321117,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004527431,0.00006344875,0.0002136987,0.00004930843,0.00009025179,0.00004722397,0.0002065549,0.00006076518,0.000036105],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001189851,0.00004067057,0.00006126449,0.00006185596,0.0001503842,0.0001466193,0.00003357426,0.00009972628,0.000003268996],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001201101,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002453181,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001355978,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008277102,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993554,0.00001804624,0.0004113283,0.00007742754,0.00002037313,0.0001174222],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993643,0.00009463948,0.0003978951,0.00004170453,0.00003556918,0.00006585915],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000463349,0.0001469206,0.3816049,0.0000195558,0.0001982621,0.00002423919,0.00274807,0.004150422,0.00001529614,0.5188764,0.002880431,0.08887208],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001788865,0.0004569547,0.8552448,0.00008719573,0.00001649356,0.00001659608,0.002499112,0.001017426,0.0001045681,0.1027601,0.03562352,0.0003844004],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9875216,0.0001342059,0.000004463676,0.005672189,0.0001685406,0.0000500247,0.00000230081,0.000002331305,0.006444375],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9927897,0.006909095,0.00007985223,0.00008622352,0.000114064,6.246576e-7,1.681279e-7,0.000003749608,0.00001656157],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4736399,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1658498,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3011905407","doi":"10.31014/aior.1992.03.01.202","title":"The Diaspora and the Process of Economic Development in Cameroon","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Economics and Business","topic":"Migration and Labor Dynamics","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Secession; Government (linguistics); Constitution; Diaspora; Independence (probability theory); Political science; National Unity; Pretext; Political economy; Sociology; Law; Development economics; Politics; Economics","authors":[{"name":"Saidou Baba Oumar","is_ca":false},{"name":"Urie Eléazar Jumbo","is_ca":false},{"name":"Salihu Zummo Hayatudeen","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01501104105086274,"gpt":0.2477340346748392,"spread":0.2327229936239764,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006330305,0.00003559338,0.0001229768,0.00001840684,0.0001090245,0.00006195386,0.0001000253,0.00002057606,0.000005000615],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006388233,0.00002035098,0.00001321933,0.00005132923,0.0001704032,0.0001129773,0.00001440034,0.00005125306,2.707714e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002219865,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002807577,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00013548,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007021594,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999579,0.00002607384,0.0002716503,0.00004118628,0.00002457798,0.00005747691],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995147,0.00008568244,0.0002749792,0.0000228947,0.00006538058,0.00003633576],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001148925,0.00007428345,0.06759181,0.0001165624,0.0001515764,0.000004984283,0.3121302,0.01535488,0.00001471248,0.4960034,0.0004189688,0.1069897],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01135359,0.0001407276,0.2207891,0.0001959755,0.00009981771,0.00002950139,0.2455137,0.06687527,0.0001788129,0.03282968,0.4212348,0.0007590708],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9864543,0.0004501402,0.00001481447,0.01268643,0.00008093235,0.0000553468,8.624751e-7,5.8214e-7,0.0002565633],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9929944,0.006682642,0.0000423697,0.0001859295,0.00007577972,7.21577e-7,1.638849e-7,0.000002136458,0.00001584316],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4631737,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3918214,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2053234191","doi":"10.1016/j.jeconbus.2006.06.008","title":"Managed floating as a strategy to achieve selected monetary policy objectives","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Economics and Business","topic":"Monetary Policy and Economic Impact","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Balsillie School of International Affairs; Wilfrid Laurier University","funders":"","keywords":"Monetary policy; Counterfactual thinking; Economics; Counterfactual conditional; Exchange rate; Inflation (cosmology); Transparency (behavior); Inflation targeting; Monetary economics; Float (project management); Floating exchange rate; Accountability; Volatility (finance); Imperfect; Interest rate; Macroeconomics; Econometrics; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Pierre L. Siklos","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02729485268102397,"gpt":0.216224952010828,"spread":0.1889300993298041,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005019992,0.0002287908,0.0006562,0.0007387674,0.0001370997,0.0002172094,0.0002239467,0.0001062925,0.00008434246],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001120429,0.0002518379,0.0001106184,0.0003631319,0.00004535188,0.0006521586,0.00005905098,0.0001865627,0.00009529413],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001535309,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009075517,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005313813,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002028167,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981967,0.0000169035,0.001107022,0.0002850272,0.00001651833,0.0003778708],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986726,0.00005809091,0.0008556208,0.0001808498,0.00006341894,0.000169408],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001207788,0.0005637578,0.06930587,0.0001778226,0.0008861524,0.00008227303,0.001405869,0.5694193,0.0004102135,0.3293533,0.005036745,0.02215094],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002818683,0.0009473559,0.6563264,0.00007017237,0.00004456028,0.0005697043,0.0002857829,0.02326458,0.000194395,0.2897415,0.02465956,0.001077312],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9841534,0.001032716,0.0004108012,0.002257749,0.00025398,0.0001356583,0.00006498057,0.00000978816,0.01168096],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9955958,0.000912709,0.001261933,0.0005547788,0.001099584,0.000001770474,0.000009036573,0.00003166331,0.0005326855],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5870205,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999934,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2972308036","doi":"10.31014/aior.1992.02.03.139","title":"Measuring National Character Based Toward Developing A Research Method for International Accounting Studies","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Economics and Business","topic":"Social Capital and Networks","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","keywords":"Social capital; Character (mathematics); World Values Survey; Politics; National accounts; Capital (architecture); Political science; Economics; Public economics; Development economics; Demographic economics; Accounting; Geography; Law; Mathematics","authors":[{"name":"Ichiro Mukai","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.3320726685108794,"gpt":0.4369299516188977,"spread":0.1048572831080184,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004341218,0.0000479295,0.0001584565,0.0001391969,0.00022055,0.0001505171,0.0001419089,0.00004212416,0.00001483534],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008562742,0.00004277228,0.00004808108,0.0001084264,0.00005161437,0.000404214,0.00004012994,0.00009985697,0.000001810011],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002213686,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004507954,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003181986,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006612314,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993235,0.00004897495,0.0002389492,0.0000859373,0.0001603387,0.0001423107],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9963765,0.0006140382,0.0002147368,0.00001922977,0.002746483,0.00002906322],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001352248,0.0002425833,0.05694783,0.0005715756,0.001597399,0.00001075857,0.05846871,0.005132746,0.0007002976,0.6613667,0.006521426,0.2070877],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004001219,0.0001221272,0.07287508,0.0008367767,0.00005603079,0.0000204905,0.04130019,0.01735939,0.0003382395,0.1862631,0.6760768,0.0007505715],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9794231,0.000492842,0.001304961,0.01433738,0.002708172,0.0001465869,0.000003636226,0.000003509513,0.00157979],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9811335,0.001649741,0.01327979,0.0004596088,0.003303133,0.000006030506,0.000001589546,0.000009048346,0.0001575513],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6695554,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1744203,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}