{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":19,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":19,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"8e8db7340fd1","filters":{"venue":"Journal of Ethology"}},"results":[{"id":"W2067218410","doi":"10.1007/s10164-003-0095-x","title":"Habitat complexity reduces aggression and enhances consumption in crayfish","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Ethology","topic":"Crustacean biology and ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":64,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Windsor","funders":"","keywords":"Crayfish; Biology; Intraspecific competition; Habitat; Predation; Ecology; Animal ecology; Trout; Fishery; Fish <Actinopterygii>","authors":[{"name":"Lynda D. Corkum","is_ca":true},{"name":"Daniel J. Cronin","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04028243392324735,"gpt":0.3102745395207412,"spread":0.2699921055974938,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005259911,0.00005768112,0.0001695852,0.00005349203,0.00005340623,0.000004063231,0.00008608484,0.000120832,0.0004978622],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001183279,0.00004518178,0.00002289699,0.0000468406,0.000718129,0.0001191069,0.00006378245,0.0002328274,0.00004478396],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006414342,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008789617,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001366322,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007541214,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993345,0.0001297134,0.0002387922,0.0001048427,0.00005135117,0.0001408691],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996108,0.00009417176,0.0002011948,0.00004429862,0.000005974332,0.00004358006],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002298797,0.0001227915,0.8875116,0.000005485241,0.000007294057,0.0001844341,0.0008683115,0.0002984547,0.1051606,0.0001843296,0.0007018053,0.004724986],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006897753,0.0002990098,0.9766042,0.00003159874,0.000005123341,0.0007123141,0.0001163908,0.000003635282,0.005082851,0.01606039,0.0003404309,0.00005433847],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9966934,0.0003903886,0.00009830355,0.00217347,0.0002639257,0.00003547484,5.89345e-7,0.000002984172,0.000341438],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9962858,0.0006324389,0.002736412,0.0002906602,0.00002922544,6.424298e-7,4.657368e-7,0.000002151851,0.00002222405],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1000778,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5451242,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2079151668","doi":"10.1007/s10164-010-0246-9","title":"Detour behaviour in horses (Equus caballus)","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Ethology","topic":"Hemispheric Asymmetry in Neuroscience","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Equus; Obstacle; Animal ecology; Task (project management); Lateralization of brain function; Cognitive psychology; Biology; Asymmetry; Psychology; Physical medicine and rehabilitation; Zoology; Medicine; Physics; Geography","authors":[{"name":"Paolo Baragli","is_ca":false},{"name":"Valentina Vitale","is_ca":false},{"name":"Elisa Paoletti","is_ca":false},{"name":"Claudio Sighieri","is_ca":false},{"name":"Adam R. Reddon","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02909499357011867,"gpt":0.3308685898438391,"spread":0.3017735962737204,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008746308,0.000125941,0.0002765252,0.0001988969,0.00005970749,0.00003051224,0.0007418857,0.0001595696,0.0001434504],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006401488,0.0001066364,0.00008394397,0.0005055947,0.000362499,0.0002702463,0.0001040082,0.00136415,0.00002867423],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002931604,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001632122,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001134772,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004370074,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982496,0.0002497252,0.0005297184,0.0002543129,0.0003396284,0.0003770066],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985853,0.0005679578,0.000381804,0.0002413973,0.00007050956,0.0001529886],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000221391,0.000107197,0.02333914,0.000002128247,4.543313e-7,0.00156865,0.0001644723,0.00002739958,0.9723075,0.0004953503,0.0002940556,0.001671531],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008902298,0.0004730105,0.09839925,0.00001704948,0.00001259286,0.01314438,0.0001216654,0.000143201,0.8802456,0.00182872,0.004478499,0.0002458091],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9934385,0.00001538312,0.0005231178,0.001032624,0.002476242,0.00005806686,0.000001813762,0.00001337983,0.002440816],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9952646,0.00002861683,0.002971098,0.001278004,0.0001676455,0.000001692126,3.025547e-8,0.00001393569,0.0002743252],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.09206189,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7663641,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2140575663","doi":"10.1007/s10164-014-0416-2","title":"Exploratory and defensive behaviours change with sex and body size in eastern garter snakes (Thamnophis sirtalis)","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Ethology","topic":"Animal Behavior and Reproduction","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Thamnophis sirtalis; Boldness; Biology; Zoology; Trait; Animal ecology; Ecology; Psychology; Personality; Social psychology","authors":[{"name":"Zacharie Maillet","is_ca":true},{"name":"William D. Halliday","is_ca":true},{"name":"Gabriel Blouin‐Demers","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03971799304006261,"gpt":0.2522588879536243,"spread":0.2125408949135617,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003295083,0.0000851829,0.0001934709,0.00002032164,0.00004667005,0.00001588636,0.00004837883,0.00008838312,0.0000229549],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003622646,0.00003017311,0.00002466145,0.00006017154,0.0001348285,0.0001666905,0.00002352548,0.0001678483,0.000001011878],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000006449362,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002686755,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003970351,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001913832,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993396,0.0001343237,0.0001609267,0.0001514074,0.00008729513,0.0001264089],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996142,0.0000909975,0.0001372824,0.0000261917,0.00006322986,0.0000681392],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001335021,0.0000607504,0.8873108,0.000003651506,0.000005460318,0.00007806709,0.001188041,2.092141e-7,0.09515345,0.00003065306,0.00003287002,0.01600255],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002524174,0.001461518,0.9952005,0.00002004854,0.00002445384,0.0006780518,0.001135125,0.000001732075,0.0006020234,0.0001312233,0.0004113037,0.00008164653],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9975994,0.0002625179,0.000001686293,0.001931611,0.00008896436,0.00006277739,0.00000162024,0.000004648166,0.0000468023],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993062,0.00007664999,0.00006488105,0.0002063321,0.0002893895,0.000002743794,8.760638e-7,9.912625e-7,0.00005196353],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1078897,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1230424,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1162848057","doi":"10.1007/s10164-015-0441-9","title":"Familiarity, prior residency, resource availability and body mass as predictors of the movement activity of the European catfish","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Ethology","topic":"Animal Behavior and Reproduction","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Grantová Agentura České Republiky","keywords":"Animal ecology; Catfish; Resource (disambiguation); Movement (music); Biology; Juvenile; Demography; Psychology; Ecology; Fish <Actinopterygii>; Fishery","authors":[{"name":"Ondřej Slavík","is_ca":false},{"name":"Pavel Horký","is_ca":false},{"name":"Matúš Maciak","is_ca":true},{"name":"Marie Wackermannová","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0347260709020648,"gpt":0.2575167492545741,"spread":0.2227906783525093,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002038744,0.00006378032,0.0001624987,0.000007249218,0.00007629018,0.000005917376,0.0002692233,0.00006432926,0.00001288415],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004597394,0.00001742455,0.00009666788,0.0001248766,0.0003350388,0.00005672906,0.0001729209,0.0002519734,5.072328e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002550265,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002916882,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001961398,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009357263,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983976,0.000858368,0.0002850771,0.0001224977,0.0002461248,0.00009035269],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991623,0.00008557534,0.0004501794,0.00009824889,0.0001543154,0.00004934891],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009685042,0.0000744536,0.5305241,0.000004298414,0.000006980446,0.000001944099,0.0002338412,0.000001205574,0.4665703,0.0000227618,0.0004151253,0.002048107],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001054274,0.0005146923,0.9664274,0.0000139038,0.00003087795,0.00004949325,0.0003646711,5.602882e-7,0.03088619,0.0008654097,0.0007105386,0.00003079101],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9944188,0.00008122516,6.974416e-7,0.003915938,0.0002759966,0.000105297,0.000004499092,0.000002848442,0.001194694],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994321,0.0000210601,0.00002697667,0.00004659189,0.000164905,3.275082e-7,1.529261e-7,6.478973e-7,0.0003072182],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4359033,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1234465,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1995434456","doi":"10.1007/s10164-004-0135-1","title":"An experimental study examining the anti-predator behaviour of Sabine’s gulls (Xema sabini) during breeding","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Ethology","topic":"Avian ecology and behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Carleton University; Canadian Wildlife Federation; Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Predation; Predator; Biology; Animal ecology; Nest (protein structural motif); Ecology; Range (aeronautics); Zoology","authors":[{"name":"Iain J. Stenhouse","is_ca":true},{"name":"H. Grant Gilchrist","is_ca":true},{"name":"William A. Montevecchi","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0330958577240974,"gpt":0.3183651713496006,"spread":0.2852693136255032,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001033655,0.0001386935,0.0003196406,0.00006478582,0.0001788761,0.00001255778,0.000509912,0.0001222306,0.001820337],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005111283,0.00009890154,0.00007670678,0.0001080771,0.0003746273,0.0004058322,0.000187414,0.0003969259,0.00003383811],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001112254,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001487318,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000116224,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000480508,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984064,0.0002920581,0.0005913899,0.0001909537,0.000251323,0.0002678468],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990619,0.00008657348,0.0004939935,0.000243447,0.00001994563,0.00009414909],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004430879,0.0009354499,0.7307634,8.02207e-7,0.00001249147,0.00007774298,0.002876513,0.0002113138,0.2645379,0.000001271781,0.00007500387,0.0004637863],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009251661,0.001966969,0.9539745,0.000007246771,0.00007942751,0.0007531603,0.005684331,0.000007878791,0.03647878,0.000004591875,0.00002080545,0.00009707225],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9990754,0.00005190071,0.00002145284,0.0002453587,0.0002858372,0.0001520917,0.000002042585,0.000008549329,0.0001574236],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982716,0.00000368674,0.001319736,0.0001116884,0.0001867094,0.000004602555,3.657031e-7,0.00001429106,0.0000872583],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2280591,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9990922,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1971938126","doi":"10.1007/s10164-009-0184-6","title":"Social behaviors within a group of captive female Hippopotamus amphibius","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Ethology","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Kinship; Hippopotamus; Animal ecology; Social animal; Dominance hierarchy; Dominance (genetics); Biology; Social group; Captivity; Zoology; Social relation; Social organization; Ecology; Psychology; Aggression; Social psychology; Anthropology; Sociology","authors":[{"name":"Tracy E. Blowers","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jane M. Waterman","is_ca":true},{"name":"Christopher W. Kuhar","is_ca":false},{"name":"Tammie Bettinger","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0208115005832421,"gpt":0.284953121289874,"spread":0.2641416207066319,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005891632,0.00006878144,0.0002069991,0.00005253239,0.00006857242,0.000002865625,0.0001467012,0.0001480937,0.0003231133],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007769508,0.00006034218,0.00008072265,0.0001157451,0.0002592239,0.0001399543,0.00002657039,0.000244758,0.0000204378],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006330181,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001938273,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000223107,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000680778,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991189,0.000159621,0.0003674543,0.000089156,0.0001341522,0.000130758],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993137,0.00005683845,0.00050577,0.00006016369,0.00002381237,0.0000397823],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003310063,0.0004188293,0.9447219,0.000002729909,0.00002456689,0.0002156384,0.006302049,0.0002091189,0.03631098,0.001984211,0.002940879,0.006538077],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004363053,0.0007323031,0.9927366,0.000004223205,0.00003607866,0.0002285084,0.0003232477,0.000009444097,0.0005278891,0.004785112,0.0001210948,0.00005913528],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9964106,0.0000183079,0.0002476009,0.001945078,0.0002016482,0.00004535279,7.818276e-7,0.000003978798,0.001126625],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972379,0.000004078599,0.001684551,0.0008736158,0.00007595242,7.721802e-7,5.781042e-7,0.000003294895,0.0001192598],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04801475,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3537864,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2080642544","doi":"10.1007/s10164-013-0376-y","title":"Partitioning of space, habitat, and timing of activity by large felids in an enclosed South African system","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Ethology","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Panthera; Leopard; Guild; Carnivore; Acinonyx jubatus; Home range; Ecology; Geography; Animal ecology; Biology; Habitat; Crocuta crocuta; Poaching; Game reserve; Predation; Wildlife","authors":[{"name":"Bogdan Cristescu","is_ca":true},{"name":"R. T. F. Bernard","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jens Krause","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01446667632368345,"gpt":0.2426038725461153,"spread":0.2281371962224319,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007100988,0.0000469914,0.0001894256,0.0000511535,0.00002795782,0.000003503272,0.00006777864,0.00007901121,0.0001135922],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008306887,0.0000417312,0.00002156635,0.00008301469,0.0001366687,0.0002580921,0.00003429064,0.0001387397,0.000003602741],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003596566,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000111004,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007416948,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001253751,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992406,0.0002482822,0.0002461782,0.00007429087,0.00007809151,0.0001125441],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993897,0.0001089328,0.0003791647,0.00006267034,0.00002024329,0.0000392539],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002902309,0.00006279241,0.9623907,0.00001134764,0.000004842339,0.00000462346,0.001528314,0.00006966481,0.03539702,0.00005986954,0.000209038,0.0002327715],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003615982,0.0002096324,0.9955856,0.00002029035,0.000009321392,0.00002752184,0.00126994,0.0006356344,0.001650302,0.0001765257,0.00001714571,0.00003645821],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9982748,0.00001836012,0.0006984749,0.000518399,0.00004933692,0.00005492807,0.00000222728,0.000002029986,0.0003814617],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987653,0.00000267222,0.001141646,0.00005575647,0.00001123038,0.000002136713,3.719569e-7,0.000002856738,0.00001797671],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03374672,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1701749,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2039687038","doi":"10.1007/s10164-004-0130-6","title":"Taxonomic diversity within the Japanese green lacewing, Chrysoperla carnea (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae), identified by courtship song analyses and crossing tests","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Ethology","topic":"Plant and animal studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Chiba University","keywords":"Chrysopidae; Chrysoperla carnea; Neuroptera; Biology; Animal ecology; Sensu; Courtship; Courtship display; Mating; Entomology; Zoology; Ecology; Botany; Predation; Genus","authors":[{"name":"Hisatomo Taki","is_ca":true},{"name":"Shinsuke Kuroki","is_ca":false},{"name":"Masashi Nomura","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1135280968256279,"gpt":0.2880359314703267,"spread":0.1745078346446987,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005569795,0.000130846,0.0002826854,0.00001694414,0.0009099529,0.0001357651,0.0002729667,0.00007966945,0.00001545803],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001218809,0.00004391888,0.00009728742,0.0001100111,0.0003415107,0.0001696865,0.0002376129,0.0002908574,0.000003618886],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002653579,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001195779,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009848634,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002386358,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990771,0.0001370137,0.0002747269,0.0001585868,0.0001509172,0.0002016811],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992552,0.000248619,0.0003195669,0.00002362353,0.00007848328,0.0000744991],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000197805,0.00007591049,0.2784566,0.000009933544,0.0001233321,0.0002480561,0.00247431,0.00005353501,0.7159104,0.00004394691,0.0008045682,0.001601596],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003726173,0.0004226548,0.9942641,0.00003008531,0.00008219422,0.0005525571,0.001343863,0.000004521099,0.001410347,0.0002964007,0.00108481,0.0001358418],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9952903,0.001378658,0.000002172944,0.0029265,0.0001190635,0.0000508551,0.00001383742,0.000009969305,0.0002086229],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990336,0.0001135684,0.0000388206,0.0003954057,0.0002588213,5.616408e-7,0.000001326881,8.294786e-7,0.0001570821],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7158075,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6998714,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2002483209","doi":"10.1007/s10164-006-0193-7","title":"Common ravens raid arctic fox food caches","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Ethology","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université Laval; Center for Northern Studies; Université du Québec à Rimouski; Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"Fonds Québécois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs; ArcticNet; Université Laval","keywords":"Hoarding (animal behavior); Biology; Cache; Arctic; Predation; Kestrel; Predator; Animal ecology; Ecology; Neophobia; Zoology; Foraging; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Vincent Careau","is_ca":true},{"name":"Nicolas Lecomte","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jean‐François Giroux","is_ca":true},{"name":"Dominique Berteaux","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01525198916830895,"gpt":0.2358764190268313,"spread":0.2206244298585223,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000458165,0.00006013027,0.0001500215,0.00003632746,0.0000673469,0.000005312321,0.0001340066,0.0001047369,0.0005912278],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007274064,0.00005137399,0.00006037717,0.00007234209,0.0001751298,0.0001117194,0.00004072728,0.0002276758,0.00009699733],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006476775,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001227142,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006284545,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003686224,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992647,0.0001544401,0.0002695987,0.00007453431,0.00009476407,0.0001419644],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994798,0.0001580162,0.0002388557,0.00008402588,0.00001330921,0.00002602574],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003370463,0.00006687354,0.9928026,0.000001892366,0.00001011448,0.00004833036,0.00008264009,0.0005473904,0.001492405,0.0004461273,0.003575051,0.000892936],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003481142,0.0003413257,0.9753704,0.000003890982,0.0000197052,0.0005328907,0.00002637884,0.0000158198,0.0003089931,0.01742162,0.005559108,0.00005173306],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9899422,0.00008635085,0.0004184355,0.004867198,0.0002916654,0.00003329975,5.692051e-7,0.000005095596,0.004355191],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9971697,0.000006043677,0.001141631,0.001159938,0.0001070335,0.000001114499,8.560519e-7,0.000004588069,0.0004090909],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01743212,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.647353,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1971579488","doi":"10.1007/s10164-003-0097-8","title":"Effect of kinship on social behaviors in Brandt's voles ( Microtus brandti )","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Ethology","topic":"Evolutionary Game Theory and Cooperation","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences","funders":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","keywords":"Agonistic behaviour; Kinship; Inbreeding avoidance; Animal ecology; Sibling; Microtus; Inbreeding; Developmental psychology; Biology; Psychology; Mate choice; Aggression; Zoology; Social psychology; Demography; Mating; Population; Sociology","authors":[{"name":"Xiaodong Yu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ruyong Sun","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jiming Fang","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02307046421835921,"gpt":0.3767941300868949,"spread":0.3537236658685357,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002664408,0.00006218441,0.0002306194,0.0001518514,0.00013506,0.000007960771,0.0001394133,0.0001541975,0.00005366224],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003456769,0.00005203665,0.00009674273,0.0001619355,0.0002948158,0.000128326,0.000008553274,0.0002747981,0.000006124517],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001294871,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001493276,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001212085,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004097883,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981386,0.001182593,0.0002944989,0.00006626241,0.0001752603,0.0001427604],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993298,0.000307317,0.0002087154,0.00003918633,0.0000803711,0.00003458044],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.01279586,0.001688114,0.1180334,0.0001117535,0.00009813024,0.000603453,0.1026551,0.003465444,0.2303394,0.4649791,0.000621675,0.06460859],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.02199687,0.01289759,0.734835,0.0005220325,0.0002799079,0.0003395822,0.006062166,0.000002262954,0.1246938,0.0933238,0.004347082,0.0006998985],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.996377,0.0001228352,0.000072863,0.001689769,0.0003033576,0.0000821306,0.000001337955,0.000004320237,0.001346366],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994715,0.00004233712,0.00006937233,0.00009514147,0.0002639823,0.000001476667,5.825039e-7,0.000004024746,0.0000515455],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6168016,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2121993,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2095005418","doi":"10.1007/s10164-007-0045-0","title":"A sex difference in the behavioural response of nesting mountain bluebirds (Sialia currucoides) to a mounted predator","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Ethology","topic":"Avian ecology and behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Toronto Zoo","funders":"","keywords":"Passerine; Animal ecology; Biology; Predator; Nest (protein structural motif); Predation; Ecology; Zoology","authors":[{"name":"Keith Gibson","is_ca":true},{"name":"Axel Moehrenschlager","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03132322888304151,"gpt":0.3308452046019711,"spread":0.2995219757189296,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004925104,0.0001128148,0.0002712422,0.0001396485,0.00006126432,0.000007407182,0.0004815791,0.0001554057,0.0002526657],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000802641,0.00007812472,0.00006699023,0.000322622,0.0002895734,0.0001015634,0.0001125841,0.0004862657,0.00002830675],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001502708,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003582335,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001029088,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005294885,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980372,0.0006431086,0.0006163546,0.000141602,0.0002467317,0.0003150378],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987602,0.000583575,0.0003620122,0.0001812532,0.00002753171,0.00008540203],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008426493,0.0001663963,0.9082767,0.000001602569,0.000002844245,0.0004300608,0.002851797,0.00005217023,0.0862034,0.00001467261,0.0001407765,0.001016962],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004568935,0.0006867109,0.9930155,0.00001722832,0.00002614032,0.0008979895,0.001022723,0.00001210001,0.003575266,0.0001438305,0.00006748006,0.00007808833],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9980215,0.00001200267,0.0007630853,0.0007940229,0.0001909466,0.0001491845,0.000003071145,0.000004404779,0.0000617109],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9970248,0.000001040866,0.002183577,0.0005209328,0.00003263247,0.000003361205,3.263483e-7,0.000007365055,0.000226],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08473888,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3185834,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2886397227","doi":"10.1007/s10164-018-0557-9","title":"Predator (Carcinus maenas) nonconsumptive limitation of prey (Nucella lapillus) feeding depends on prey density and predator cue type","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Ethology","topic":"Animal Behavior and Reproduction","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Bedford Institute of Oceanography; Fisheries and Oceans Canada; St. Francis Xavier University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Predation; Predator; Nucella; Biology; Carcinus maenas; Ecology; Animal ecology; Littorina; Zoology; Crustacean; Mollusca; Decapoda","authors":[{"name":"Melanie L. Boudreau","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ricardo A. Scrosati","is_ca":true},{"name":"Melisa C. Wong","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04972808381240968,"gpt":0.2867850742282973,"spread":0.2370569904158876,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005090414,0.00009907597,0.0002284158,0.00003231471,0.0001027352,0.00001423833,0.0001124687,0.0001566492,0.00006705944],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002543355,0.00004111109,0.00005907303,0.0001257118,0.0001919794,0.0001320919,0.0000508164,0.0002040455,0.00001084658],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002336645,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001601158,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001275169,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008836195,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990645,0.0001432427,0.0002990992,0.0001977428,0.0001540938,0.0001413083],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989531,0.0001504184,0.0003635816,0.00004738363,0.0004103913,0.00007514068],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006812945,0.00009855445,0.1084229,0.000008315033,0.0000209472,0.00001142133,0.0004353128,9.363068e-7,0.882767,0.00009796709,0.0003877402,0.007067667],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002338757,0.004010063,0.8899975,0.00003049773,0.00005840229,0.0002993762,0.0003322889,0.000007398506,0.1042685,0.0002112261,0.0004637481,0.00008718325],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9985594,0.0001306858,0.000008012228,0.0005135077,0.0004027555,0.0001233388,0.000006405941,0.000008992458,0.000246966],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987631,0.0001091514,0.0003860371,0.00005884056,0.0005060962,0.000001086098,0.000003677231,0.000001344946,0.0001706535],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7815745,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1676461,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2079105859","doi":"10.1007/s10164-007-0034-3","title":"Parental sex roles of Malaysian plovers during territory acquisition, incubation and chick-rearing","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Ethology","topic":"Avian ecology and behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Biology; Charadrius; Paternal care; Animal ecology; Fledge; Plover; Nest (protein structural motif); Incubation; Predation; Ecology; Egg incubation; Attendance; Neutering; Zoology; Hatching; Pregnancy","authors":[{"name":"Maï Yasué","is_ca":true},{"name":"Philip Dearden","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.005897356027248525,"gpt":0.2434352146779448,"spread":0.2375378586506963,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004380727,0.00005546536,0.0001274984,0.00006569409,0.00005696582,0.000002968466,0.00007416076,0.00009951073,0.000311023],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001680183,0.00005024972,0.00003316661,0.00003855184,0.000226511,0.0001663219,0.00006137578,0.0001661665,0.000006215928],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006229677,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004856072,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004548485,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007069139,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993886,0.00004860733,0.0002644919,0.00007771386,0.00009521341,0.0001254237],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996141,0.00004038709,0.0002355685,0.00005062884,0.000007496737,0.00005180821],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005304937,0.00004495009,0.9258099,0.000003467592,0.000006179684,0.00006145221,0.0006523606,0.00007297892,0.07198049,0.000005189115,0.00001655176,0.001293385],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003595768,0.0001428019,0.9852925,0.000008801368,0.00001957129,0.0005685478,0.0005932848,0.000003469493,0.01276028,0.0001812559,0.00002517471,0.00004475619],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9989091,0.00002792272,0.0002411928,0.00009724685,0.0001252427,0.00002843537,8.877598e-7,0.000003142167,0.000566844],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990861,0.000009959647,0.0007128859,0.00004953506,0.00006519162,2.51138e-7,5.918536e-7,0.000004167498,0.00007130937],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05948253,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3405484,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2184669620","doi":"10.1007/s10164-009-0183-7","title":"A rare fight in female plains zebra","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Ethology","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Government of the Republic of Kenya; Princeton University; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Animal ecology; Equus; ZEBRA (computer); Biology; Foal; Aggression; Equidae; Zoology; Ecology; Developmental psychology; Psychology","authors":[{"name":"Ilya R. Fischhoff","is_ca":true},{"name":"Siva R. Sundaresan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Heather Larkin","is_ca":false},{"name":"Marie-Jeanne Sellier","is_ca":false},{"name":"Justine E. Cordingley","is_ca":false},{"name":"Daniel I. Rubenstein","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01466738715919723,"gpt":0.258651513246993,"spread":0.2439841260877958,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003922856,0.00004478094,0.000120043,0.00005207493,0.00003007836,0.000003266706,0.0001220439,0.00009790953,0.001141552],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001235274,0.00003758056,0.00003414368,0.0001072473,0.00005558791,0.0001473251,0.00001777278,0.0002235019,0.00009420609],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005052848,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001308701,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000396318,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007174446,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994207,0.0001046291,0.0002190637,0.00006674943,0.00006909228,0.0001197708],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996892,0.0000738267,0.0001360193,0.00006110524,0.000006554848,0.00003328931],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006351236,0.00008371991,0.9855968,6.312281e-7,0.000002358797,0.000296735,0.0005409638,0.000340125,0.00181003,0.0002349409,0.008158127,0.002871991],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003730753,0.0002434251,0.991706,0.000005444012,0.000003526592,0.0002846203,0.00004897758,0.00002281944,0.0001427025,0.003531228,0.003599369,0.00003885965],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9848619,0.00003563426,0.0001325064,0.009222713,0.0001385891,0.00002870013,2.739868e-7,0.000002952489,0.005576746],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9928933,0.00001311388,0.001316,0.005403596,0.00004875576,4.873052e-7,3.579478e-7,0.000001774256,0.0003225954],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.008031435,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997715,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2059988695","doi":"10.1007/s10164-010-0211-7","title":"Pairing and insemination patterns in a giant weta (Deinacrida rugosa: Orthoptera; Anostostomatidae)","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Ethology","topic":"Animal Behavior and Reproduction","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"National Research Council Canada; University of New South Wales; National Geographic Society","keywords":"Spermatophore; Biology; Animal ecology; Mating; Zoology; Orthoptera; Mate choice; Sexual selection; Sexual dimorphism; Sperm competition; Sperm; Ecology; Botany","authors":[{"name":"Clint D. Kelly","is_ca":false},{"name":"Luc F. Bussière","is_ca":false},{"name":"Darryl Gwynne","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01171463868697091,"gpt":0.2383202940340683,"spread":0.2266056553470974,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005253809,0.00006479395,0.0001415318,0.0000357248,0.00004959775,0.00001633255,0.00007398422,0.0001070896,0.00008070509],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009358541,0.00002485854,0.00004024621,0.00009315819,0.00004662553,0.0001422505,0.00002983482,0.0003487284,0.000002030072],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000007905635,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004777119,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005380318,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006463546,"domain_scores_codex":[0.99936,0.00007025315,0.0002517489,0.0001165602,0.00008735602,0.0001140428],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996371,0.00006857832,0.0001671048,0.00002640707,0.0000573128,0.00004350081],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001929259,0.00003213044,0.3076618,0.000002463687,0.000001347518,0.00004149006,0.0001404583,3.060104e-7,0.6085464,0.00004857767,0.00001553926,0.08349022],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001206788,0.000308343,0.9924846,0.0000169994,0.00000720136,0.00080587,0.0002100151,0.000006490276,0.005073179,0.0001408583,0.0007685693,0.00005724793],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9965577,0.00007256681,0.00000888738,0.002873333,0.000338937,0.00004757002,0.00000168298,0.00000638926,0.00009290958],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993369,0.0000704819,0.0002472617,0.00006361898,0.0002415691,0.000001054196,0.000001638359,5.671951e-7,0.00003691943],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6848227,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1515071,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2021812094","doi":"10.1007/s10164-003-0106-y","title":"Reproductive investment and parental roles in Sabine's gulls Xema sabini","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Ethology","topic":"Avian ecology and behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Carleton University; Canadian Wildlife Federation; Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Biology; Paternal care; Animal ecology; Nest (protein structural motif); Seasonal breeder; Parental investment; Zoology; Ecology; Incubation; Larus; Reproductive success; Arctic; Cooperative breeding; Offspring; Demography; Fishery; Pregnancy; Genetics","authors":[{"name":"Iain J. Stenhouse","is_ca":true},{"name":"H. Grant Gilchrist","is_ca":true},{"name":"William A. Montevecchi","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0126520254267866,"gpt":0.2683442633857399,"spread":0.2556922379589533,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004829658,0.00008003046,0.0001899463,0.00005121479,0.00003744705,0.000004202542,0.0001055031,0.0001002398,0.0002947499],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001042463,0.00006461059,0.00003436702,0.0000784579,0.0004315482,0.0001543839,0.00009244956,0.0002654659,0.00004384499],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001553847,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001790795,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001898055,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001802122,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991903,0.00009956814,0.0002854854,0.0001687749,0.00009188137,0.0001640455],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996192,0.00003451104,0.0001736919,0.0001000414,0.00000727513,0.00006521209],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000067546,0.0002305729,0.9839386,0.000001262488,0.000006443392,0.0003236574,0.001173186,0.0003465701,0.01171878,0.00009993343,0.0002942229,0.001799273],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008187531,0.0004516362,0.9865109,0.000009497534,0.00001556511,0.001200055,0.0003353521,3.993051e-7,0.002716997,0.007448845,0.0004255434,0.00006642481],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9956163,0.0001264089,0.00002099968,0.003440795,0.0001728803,0.00006983228,9.130329e-7,0.000003013051,0.0005488223],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9960983,0.00003839784,0.002856004,0.0008551081,0.00005503695,0.000002504798,3.931326e-7,0.00000476114,0.00008953624],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.009001781,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3227305,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2885665323","doi":"10.1007/s10164-018-0555-y","title":"Costs and response to conspecific brood parasitism by colonial red-breasted mergansers","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Ethology","topic":"Avian ecology and behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Parks Canada; Environment and Climate Change Canada; McGill University; Université Sainte-Anne","funders":"Canadian Wildlife Federation; Bishop's University; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; McGill University","keywords":"Nest (protein structural motif); Brood parasite; Biology; Avian clutch size; Hatching; Animal ecology; Ecology; Zoology; Incubation; Egg incubation; Brood; Reproductive success; Parasitism; Precocial; Altricial; Host (biology); Population; Reproduction; Demography","authors":[{"name":"Shawn R. Craik","is_ca":true},{"name":"Rodger D. Titman","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jean‐Pierre L. Savard","is_ca":true},{"name":"Mohammadi Kaouass","is_ca":true},{"name":"Natalie J. Thimot","is_ca":true},{"name":"Kyle H. Elliott","is_ca":true},{"name":"Éric Tremblay","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009678782482319565,"gpt":0.2793861267892646,"spread":0.269707344306945,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007677472,0.0000906965,0.0001993355,0.00005571734,0.0001183884,0.000009113134,0.0001592813,0.0001644773,0.001715435],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001771898,0.00008008636,0.00003132388,0.0001154364,0.0007580334,0.00009599015,0.00007275533,0.000225008,0.0002557278],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001258319,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002504875,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001062984,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001363669,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988533,0.0003845217,0.0002653738,0.0001561673,0.0001167556,0.0002239422],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993329,0.0001912939,0.0001631148,0.0001053861,0.00002731664,0.000179995],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.003504265,0.0001259699,0.4924729,7.015633e-7,0.00001761189,0.000455789,0.001309464,0.000001952916,0.4204912,0.00001033494,0.07686839,0.004741517],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008302134,0.001926298,0.971737,0.000006625088,0.00002869698,0.002269416,0.0001284036,6.91941e-7,0.004392232,0.00008489081,0.01850072,0.00009479575],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9914163,0.00003245585,0.000134148,0.007377261,0.0004093787,0.00008361375,0.000007544585,0.000006675182,0.0005325589],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9964249,0.00001009249,0.001589044,0.001191742,0.00006922013,0.000001872318,4.951193e-7,0.000007816518,0.0007047991],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4792642,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9991971,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3047558548","doi":"10.1007/s10164-020-00666-y","title":"Does Liolaemus lemniscatus eavesdrop on the distress calls of the sympatric weeping lizard?","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Ethology","topic":"Animal Vocal Communication and Behavior","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Fondo de Fomento al Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico; Universitetet i Oslo; Universidad de Chile; University of British Columbia","keywords":"Predation; Lizard; Biology; Sympatric speciation; Eavesdropping; Animal ecology; Kestrel; Ecology; Aposematism; Zoology; Predator; Computer security","authors":[{"name":"Lydia J. M. Fong","is_ca":true},{"name":"Fernando Navea","is_ca":false},{"name":"Antonieta Labra","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03534603840435576,"gpt":0.2897368959903429,"spread":0.2543908575859872,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002547431,0.00008319671,0.0001586062,0.00001881068,0.00007429626,0.000009555743,0.0006058819,0.0001112561,0.0000274218],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004074757,0.00003425541,0.0001810409,0.0001004793,0.0001736815,0.000002517502,0.0001931974,0.000332026,0.000003043607],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000006709751,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005195863,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003673588,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005433161,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990522,0.0003212792,0.0003051842,0.00009352979,0.0001176283,0.000110193],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991042,0.00007704488,0.0003501137,0.0002880568,0.0001246277,0.00005596897],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002725047,0.000127838,0.01441757,0.00001735413,0.00006177897,0.00001070801,0.0003605231,0.00004791561,0.9773149,0.0008664764,0.002891111,0.003611303],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001407114,0.003253992,0.2461522,0.0001109024,0.0002316885,0.0002163213,0.001513805,0.00004986047,0.6406313,0.0003580824,0.1057248,0.0003499803],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9813746,0.0004313712,0.0002948747,0.01698188,0.0001915151,0.00007195647,0.000009642427,0.000001997502,0.0006421776],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9971277,0.0002408962,0.0001230466,0.002175637,0.0001992514,0.000001483969,0.000001930483,0.000008225013,0.0001217955],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3366837,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1442506,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2044903432","doi":"10.1007/s10164-009-0164-x","title":"The role of acoustic cues in the breeding repertoire of the brook stickleback","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Ethology","topic":"Marine animal studies overview","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Regina; University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Animal ecology; Biology; Courtship; Repertoire; Stickleback; Nest (protein structural motif); Fish <Actinopterygii>; Ecology; Zoology; Agonistic behaviour; Mate choice; Courtship display; Evolutionary biology; Fishery; Mating; Aggression; Acoustics; Psychology; Developmental psychology","authors":[{"name":"R. Julia Kilgour","is_ca":true},{"name":"R. Hillerby","is_ca":true},{"name":"Deborah A. McLennan","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01324903332966844,"gpt":0.2568939435188859,"spread":0.2436449101892175,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001234514,0.0000674868,0.0001931767,0.00001429677,0.00009515737,0.000005753308,0.0006169469,0.00004087682,0.00008372165],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005663729,0.00002862336,0.00009652728,0.0001618532,0.0003308877,0.00005506614,0.000181808,0.0002735185,0.000003282775],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000420922,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001123695,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001456031,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006011024,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988821,0.0002210318,0.000408794,0.00006850619,0.0002712563,0.0001483248],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989276,0.0004328102,0.0004153398,0.0001856465,0.00002300711,0.00001559632],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002928624,0.0003973128,0.6243658,0.00003185354,0.00007307321,0.00006508527,0.008072318,0.00290828,0.133639,0.002825929,0.007465954,0.2198625],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001933724,0.0004726684,0.9816076,0.00003868648,0.00003563313,0.0001973737,0.001629184,0.00010664,0.0008853834,0.006234807,0.008553011,0.00004570041],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9759483,0.001686512,0.00002271378,0.004259183,0.00009719197,0.00008971819,6.228721e-7,0.000001218006,0.01789459],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986192,0.0005302349,0.0001591148,0.000548641,0.0000431233,5.801011e-7,1.850672e-8,0.000002735193,0.00009638273],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3572417,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1219169,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}