{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":444,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":1,"predictions_cover":444,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"32d36f2b54ad","filters":{"venue":"Journal of Experimental Child Psychology"}},"results":[{"id":"W2079516150","doi":"10.1016/j.jecp.2010.08.008","title":"The structure of executive function in 3-year-olds","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Experimental Child Psychology","topic":"Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder","field":"Medicine","cited_by":774,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"National Institute on Drug Abuse; National Institute of Mental Health","keywords":"Psychology; Confirmatory factor analysis; Working memory; Developmental psychology; Executive functions; Inhibitory control; Cognition; Structural equation modeling; Cognitive psychology; Statistics","authors":[{"name":"Sandra A. Wiebe","is_ca":true},{"name":"Tiffany D. Sheffield","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jennifer Mize Nelson","is_ca":false},{"name":"Caron A. C. Clark","is_ca":false},{"name":"Nicolas Chevalier","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kimberly Andrews Espy","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01541777159409315,"gpt":0.3546896809614088,"spread":0.3392719093673157,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001448613,0.00008968366,0.0002317761,0.0001298672,0.00004618142,0.00000584729,0.00009501351,0.0001213382,0.0004087188],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005806111,0.00005946285,0.0001126415,0.0001308857,0.000137082,0.00008674823,0.00001708131,0.0006987489,0.000004703004],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002063732,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002626859,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004613075,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001701248,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991508,0.00005445074,0.0003762239,0.0001025313,0.0001895746,0.0001264338],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993216,0.00004915091,0.0003073274,0.0001821361,0.00008674159,0.00005298941],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001717926,0.0006276527,0.06476738,0.000003711898,0.00009166385,0.00001803311,0.0005073652,0.000001889018,0.9286001,0.001647854,0.001163069,0.0008533112],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005891989,0.00171819,0.9299327,0.00005003851,0.00004929065,0.002207961,0.005369472,0.000004392857,0.04656291,0.0003860931,0.007719307,0.0001077135],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9886343,0.0007373812,0.00002824994,0.001705796,0.001275719,0.0001198329,0.000002025168,0.00000331048,0.007493413],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990821,0.00003141519,0.0001741461,0.0004338275,0.0001956723,7.474623e-7,0.000001611328,0.00001180777,0.00006860363],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8820372,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4475184,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2038507018","doi":"10.1016/j.jecp.2008.04.001","title":"Mapping numerical magnitudes onto symbols: The numerical distance effect and individual differences in children’s mathematics achievement","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Experimental Child Psychology","topic":"Cognitive and developmental aspects of mathematical skills","field":"Mathematics","cited_by":677,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Arabic numerals; Numeral system; Numerical cognition; Psychology; Numerical analysis; Mathematics education; Reading (process); Arithmetic; Cognitive psychology; Mathematics; Developmental psychology; Cognition; Linguistics; Mathematical analysis","authors":[{"name":"Ian D. Holloway","is_ca":true},{"name":"Daniel Ansari","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03943709578743386,"gpt":0.3262554292264849,"spread":0.2868183334390511,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006280341,0.0003354017,0.0007687581,0.000153061,0.0002172054,0.0000426657,0.0004381179,0.000105,0.0001296305],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002541863,0.0002044906,0.0001649889,0.000217206,0.0003002404,0.0001517205,0.0001756663,0.0005487066,0.00001570729],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007812275,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000209779,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006586395,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002155909,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9975976,0.0002288064,0.0009472719,0.0002843507,0.0005596774,0.0003823194],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983127,0.0008435595,0.0004428142,0.0002047567,0.00003968238,0.0001565313],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009189969,0.01469453,0.8979822,0.0002077866,0.001624383,0.0005383188,0.03949757,6.583821e-7,0.002460124,0.03239609,0.004220394,0.005458884],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003866391,0.001691422,0.9648575,0.0004959776,0.00006175239,0.005345466,0.002120167,0.00001640109,0.002726737,0.01820327,0.0001205315,0.0004944146],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9915476,0.001896287,0.002919796,0.0008442668,0.0001467099,0.0004706125,0.000005164729,0.00002527739,0.002144236],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9922112,0.0001295787,0.006870244,0.0005638428,0.000140446,0.00003023775,0.00000139705,0.00003275822,0.00002029645],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.06687521,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8338886,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2108491341","doi":"10.1016/s0022-0965(02)00124-8","title":"Relations among musical skills, phonological processing, and early reading ability in preschool children","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Experimental Child Psychology","topic":"Reading and Literacy Development","field":"Psychology","cited_by":662,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Phonological awareness; Psychology; Reading (process); Phonemic awareness; Perception; Cognitive psychology; Vocabulary; Cognition; Learning to read; Auditory perception; Phonology; Population; Developmental psychology; Literacy; Linguistics","authors":[{"name":"Sima H Anvari","is_ca":true},{"name":"Laurel J. Trainor","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jennifer Woodside","is_ca":true},{"name":"Betty Ann Levy","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01534129688262105,"gpt":0.3153369901900493,"spread":0.2999956933074283,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004429868,0.0002258006,0.0004259752,0.0003342086,0.0001273305,0.00005144012,0.0002564726,0.0002689903,0.0015562],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007224832,0.0001897646,0.0001080331,0.0002374187,0.0002692856,0.0002877745,0.00005208095,0.0008690368,0.00005903434],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009319562,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009327468,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003298581,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001610222,"domain_scores_codex":[0.997808,0.0002689798,0.0009039802,0.000439704,0.0001931274,0.0003861702],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990362,0.00007881409,0.0003933467,0.0002481461,0.00004218466,0.0002012919],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001583506,0.002326418,0.967442,0.000002852442,0.00008631225,0.0001036397,0.01629695,0.000002505814,0.00108726,0.0004848945,0.004237707,0.00777107],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002128663,0.0005349655,0.9940089,0.00008473045,0.00001278799,0.001252222,0.000280167,0.000008915992,0.0001737234,0.0001347201,0.001185891,0.0001943071],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9669021,0.003555591,0.00004119716,0.0005789656,0.0005468062,0.0002270917,0.00000191194,0.00002524146,0.02812112],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976881,0.00004090753,0.001197582,0.0003822128,0.0002544511,0.00002152045,0.000001840499,0.00002170323,0.0003916868],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03078602,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993565,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1972353869","doi":"10.1016/j.jecp.2013.11.006","title":"Formal and informal home learning activities in relation to children’s early numeracy and literacy skills: The development of a home numeracy model","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Experimental Child Psychology","topic":"Reading and Literacy Development","field":"Psychology","cited_by":567,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Carleton University; University of Winnipeg","funders":"","keywords":"Numeracy; Literacy; Psychology; Developmental psychology; Test (biology); Reading (process); Pedagogy","authors":[{"name":"Sheri‐Lynn Skwarchuk","is_ca":true},{"name":"Carla Sowinski","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jo‐Anne LeFevre","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00888685877759363,"gpt":0.3084364258997938,"spread":0.2995495671222001,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009299891,0.0002492307,0.0004379091,0.0005037218,0.0002251044,0.00006806575,0.0002256802,0.000132275,0.00005479919],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003340873,0.0001905159,0.00006937351,0.0001800794,0.0001000539,0.0008265201,0.000111448,0.0006111984,0.000007988468],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004945232,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003424463,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001298391,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001748593,"domain_scores_codex":[0.997835,0.0002022932,0.00106286,0.000259015,0.0002462427,0.0003945645],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988972,0.0001509849,0.0005613754,0.0001891513,0.00005426391,0.000147037],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001834212,0.0009146375,0.3229158,0.00002100118,0.0003036328,0.00000897801,0.5310932,0.0003065214,0.003577484,0.002329183,0.0001868648,0.1365085],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002611612,0.0006993592,0.9920831,0.0001505283,0.00001125881,0.0005603047,0.001328893,0.000150521,0.0007785549,0.00009217983,0.001294288,0.0002393731],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.993416,0.0007126248,0.0015911,0.0003212944,0.0003856994,0.0002234388,0.000001901505,0.00001094803,0.00333696],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9933685,0.00003133277,0.005655385,0.0006149728,0.000113389,0.00002394564,0.000004965345,0.00002506871,0.0001624295],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6691673,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7769011,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2131195394","doi":"10.1016/j.jecp.2012.09.002","title":"Working memory development in monolingual and bilingual children","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Experimental Child Psychology","topic":"Reading and Literacy Development","field":"Psychology","cited_by":522,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación; National Institutes of Health; Ministério da Educação e Ciência","keywords":"Psychology; Working memory; Task (project management); Cognitive psychology; Executive functions; Neuroscience of multilingualism; Developmental psychology; Cognition; Short-term memory; Function (biology)","authors":[{"name":"Julia Morales","is_ca":false},{"name":"Alejandra Calvo","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ellen Bialystok","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02826493647714589,"gpt":0.3580968245125894,"spread":0.3298318880354435,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008720678,0.0002331854,0.0003892967,0.0004670254,0.00008797998,0.00002282575,0.0002242414,0.0001625373,0.0003518685],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002224279,0.0002053826,0.00007353532,0.0001753644,0.00008832786,0.0001475026,0.00006447855,0.000509232,0.00004668746],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009904299,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004349556,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000138205,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002557871,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979592,0.000171337,0.0008710203,0.0002548272,0.0001987697,0.000544849],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991407,0.00006437051,0.0003559258,0.000186835,0.00002573499,0.0002263956],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007887572,0.002508435,0.7678781,0.00000455606,0.0003894143,0.0001402182,0.1503595,0.000002720871,0.003209486,0.001569593,0.001780474,0.07136878],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003143773,0.0002514744,0.9648532,0.0001158354,0.00001247921,0.004450193,0.002368974,3.984761e-7,0.006861917,0.00002674942,0.01759568,0.0003193545],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9542406,0.01733564,0.00002468513,0.0001366971,0.003106799,0.0001382317,4.292022e-7,0.0000145197,0.02500246],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9954142,0.0000366957,0.002741231,0.0008103456,0.0007612797,0.000008293146,0.000003194867,0.00002943171,0.000195349],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1969751,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8375258,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2063821996","doi":"10.1006/jecp.2000.2626","title":"Short-Term Memory, Working Memory, and Inhibitory Control in Children with Difficulties in Arithmetic Problem Solving","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Experimental Child Psychology","topic":"Cognitive and developmental aspects of mathematical skills","field":"Mathematics","cited_by":488,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Working memory; Arithmetic; Short-term memory; Psychology; Vocabulary; Cognitive psychology; Inhibitory control; Term (time); Memory span; Control (management); Cognition; Numerical cognition; Word problem (mathematics education); Developmental psychology; Computer science; Mathematics; Artificial intelligence; Linguistics","authors":[{"name":"Maria Chiara Passolunghi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Linda S. Siegel","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02129125145278509,"gpt":0.306219364794948,"spread":0.2849281133421629,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004395467,0.0002636997,0.0005947695,0.0003314413,0.00006534131,0.0000413766,0.0001754316,0.0001078035,0.00007022694],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004596969,0.0001977154,0.00007452241,0.0001796687,0.0001728979,0.0001790154,0.00006150929,0.0004690519,0.000003610855],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001004505,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001710894,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007119088,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005462775,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982074,0.0001090311,0.0007769002,0.0002696072,0.0002797141,0.0003573211],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992657,0.0002027266,0.0002497158,0.0001250663,0.00003693115,0.000119852],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001793452,0.006963347,0.9376801,0.00007139899,0.0005387535,0.001260031,0.0121457,0.000008616392,0.01852674,0.001387047,0.0007051596,0.01891967],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01104219,0.001019681,0.962404,0.001593848,0.00005555222,0.007965206,0.003185266,0.00001347344,0.005305685,0.006837381,0.00001361329,0.0005641101],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9900549,0.001524012,0.000189727,0.00028702,0.00008725955,0.0004587389,7.831697e-7,0.00001895303,0.007378625],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9953584,0.00007026307,0.004031152,0.0003225726,0.0001407622,0.00001614289,7.363916e-7,0.00003712309,0.0000228397],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0247239,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8062601,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2131532076","doi":"10.1016/j.jecp.2010.09.008","title":"Development of hot and cool executive function during the transition to adolescence","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Experimental Child Psychology","topic":"Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":435,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology; Stroop effect; Memory span; Developmental psychology; Task (project management); Cognition; Working memory","authors":[{"name":"Angela Prencipe","is_ca":true},{"name":"Amanda Kesek","is_ca":false},{"name":"Julia E. Cohen‐Gilbert","is_ca":false},{"name":"Connie Lamm","is_ca":false},{"name":"Marc D. Lewis","is_ca":true},{"name":"Philip David Zelazo","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05410079798545289,"gpt":0.3635202294565035,"spread":0.3094194314710507,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001156499,0.0001060083,0.000161971,0.00008562348,0.0001970499,0.000008157062,0.0001549599,0.00005014886,0.00003616136],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001421214,0.00006847322,0.00004738148,0.0001143931,0.0002253465,0.00009647037,0.00003330926,0.0003282122,0.000004863698],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001081657,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006617005,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":8.251785e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003533279,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991574,0.00005095939,0.0003256439,0.0001864406,0.0001408837,0.0001387272],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996005,0.00002153142,0.0001833833,0.00009950277,0.00003117434,0.00006394125],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009144142,0.000246207,0.0003632049,0.000002436984,0.000006710949,0.00001100816,0.002735384,4.107453e-7,0.9946901,0.00005742788,0.0001468937,0.0008258341],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006214124,0.0004158141,0.1884051,0.00002060597,0.000007831514,0.0006682791,0.0005313731,1.962334e-7,0.8084683,0.00001730111,0.0007768446,0.00006695767],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9970291,0.0001206905,0.00006204546,0.0008908001,0.00113048,0.0001353723,0.00000201619,0.000005945766,0.0006235289],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978786,0.00001479872,0.0003063907,0.001661722,0.0001085854,0.000005474224,1.091719e-7,0.000006214247,0.0000181778],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1880419,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2792257,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2020001059","doi":"10.1016/j.jecp.2005.01.004","title":"Representation and working memory in early arithmetic","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Experimental Child Psychology","topic":"Cognitive and developmental aspects of mathematical skills","field":"Mathematics","cited_by":411,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"PolicyWise for Children & Families; University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Working memory; Nonverbal communication; Psychology; Cognitive psychology; Spatial ability; Mental arithmetic; Cognition; Spatial memory; Arithmetic; Baddeley's model of working memory; Executive functions; Short-term memory; Developmental psychology; Mathematics","authors":[{"name":"Carmen Rasmussen","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jeffrey Bisanz","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04926859515531557,"gpt":0.3822721247310491,"spread":0.3330035295757335,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003197381,0.0001145801,0.0002897357,0.0001867677,0.00003812119,0.00002168893,0.0001062303,0.00006200578,0.00014369],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001285033,0.00009705158,0.00006768414,0.0001361974,0.00007050038,0.0001599778,0.00004518285,0.000227913,0.0000203903],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000494762,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007200966,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003047526,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006773536,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989019,0.00006914735,0.0005329962,0.0001489387,0.0001827684,0.0001642383],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993506,0.0002253327,0.0002217087,0.00009379673,0.00002855784,0.00007999042],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.004816126,0.02561621,0.1202506,0.0002180173,0.001381031,0.002960104,0.1090485,0.00001238989,0.1245497,0.1898109,0.02024299,0.4010935],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01542028,0.001969011,0.5031515,0.001368711,0.00009368674,0.007838831,0.005862979,0.00004616851,0.1342187,0.3271296,0.001875931,0.001024627],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9537998,0.001253643,0.0002351287,0.001158476,0.000164942,0.0001257812,2.512907e-7,0.00001252814,0.04324946],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9838211,0.00004429899,0.01529444,0.0005777571,0.0001905519,0.000003792016,1.949084e-7,0.00001696002,0.00005090633],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4000688,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3957649,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2068095745","doi":"10.1016/j.jecp.2004.04.002","title":"Working memory and access to numerical information in children with disability in mathematics","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Experimental Child Psychology","topic":"Cognitive and developmental aspects of mathematical skills","field":"Mathematics","cited_by":385,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Working memory; Psychology; Short-term memory; Vocabulary; Articulation (sociology); Baddeley's model of working memory; Cognition; Cognitive psychology; Executive functions; Developmental psychology; Linguistics","authors":[{"name":"Maria Chiara Passolunghi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Linda S. Siegel","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02933819941139358,"gpt":0.3579396336520649,"spread":0.3286014342406713,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003565981,0.000167305,0.0003965293,0.0001895784,0.00003361055,0.00004954051,0.0002125586,0.00006831128,0.0000499622],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001482605,0.0001250109,0.00004345936,0.0002824537,0.00009181203,0.0004823547,0.0001035533,0.000279924,0.000009857566],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001618877,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001957591,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001426399,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002834885,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986383,0.00003749382,0.0007202408,0.0001402012,0.0002436629,0.00022009],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993671,0.0001166396,0.0002385744,0.0001261067,0.00002891439,0.0001226453],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002635294,0.0217185,0.8569297,0.0002008382,0.0004576673,0.0002128222,0.05069038,0.0001880698,0.001337809,0.04018008,0.0006787274,0.02477009],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.007491642,0.001031666,0.8808011,0.0009922056,0.00002117206,0.002016889,0.002607417,0.000006181163,0.006116757,0.09843779,0.000036079,0.000441036],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9923952,0.0000824488,0.001529688,0.001090317,0.00006471123,0.0004123194,8.19526e-7,0.00001227261,0.004412209],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9802263,0.000008212513,0.01897388,0.0007226237,0.00003893431,0.00001324906,7.411822e-7,0.00001467976,0.000001431778],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05825771,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5097796,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2037365453","doi":"10.1016/j.jecp.2010.07.002","title":"Discussing stories: On how a dialogic reading intervention improves kindergartners’ oral narrative construction","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Experimental Child Psychology","topic":"Reading and Literacy Development","field":"Psychology","cited_by":363,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Dialogic; Narrative; Reading (process); Psychology; Vocabulary; Reading comprehension; Shared reading; Context (archaeology); Intervention (counseling); Developmental psychology; Linguistics; Pedagogy; Literacy","authors":[{"name":"Rosemary Lever","is_ca":true},{"name":"Monique Sénéchal","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02331368515380621,"gpt":0.3724647456685071,"spread":0.3491510605147009,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005303101,0.0002632146,0.0003997216,0.0003610396,0.0002377511,0.0001052093,0.0002492254,0.0002244684,0.0007003806],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007089986,0.0001992523,0.0002421152,0.0001677389,0.0002622707,0.000316462,0.00003063521,0.0009528656,0.00002768636],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000100969,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002177492,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001087468,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000528693,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981837,0.0002795713,0.0006045597,0.0003594038,0.0002349158,0.0003378341],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998643,0.00007434029,0.000769028,0.0002714007,0.00008754162,0.0001546689],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.005136914,0.004237528,0.01022076,0.00002145325,0.001253773,0.0004110732,0.2260059,0.000002632293,0.5717701,0.05431012,0.02750352,0.09912623],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.03151498,0.02223128,0.3093866,0.001191971,0.0002534698,0.02482785,0.267235,0.00002245901,0.1323139,0.005969052,0.2022146,0.002838903],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9498783,0.0002548998,0.0004510819,0.002436287,0.01521212,0.0001685926,0.000002856997,0.00003250904,0.03156332],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9955041,0.000005886206,0.002348341,0.0005755441,0.000868885,0.00001634586,0.000008066551,0.00002934482,0.0006434886],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4394561,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8125275,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2131079371","doi":"10.1016/j.jecp.2009.01.006","title":"Development of the other-race effect during infancy: Evidence toward universality?","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Experimental Child Psychology","topic":"Face Recognition and Perception","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":313,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; Economic and Social Research Council","keywords":"Psychology; Developmental psychology; Perception; Race (biology); Child development; Cognitive development; Cultural group selection; Infant development; Cognitive psychology; Cognition; Ethnic group","authors":[{"name":"David J. Kelly","is_ca":false},{"name":"Shaoying Liu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kang Lee","is_ca":true},{"name":"Paul C. Quinn","is_ca":false},{"name":"Olivier Pascalis","is_ca":false},{"name":"Alan Slater","is_ca":false},{"name":"Liezhong Ge","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06291945544840295,"gpt":0.3752092780947253,"spread":0.3122898226463223,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002511847,0.0001081371,0.000184903,0.00009178408,0.0001145813,0.00001119837,0.0002975286,0.00006036506,0.0003170813],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000845804,0.00007472687,0.0001237143,0.0001642327,0.00008813467,0.0002066074,0.00002799987,0.0002315759,0.00002164181],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000609673,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000284683,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001409769,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.88468e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988375,0.000255794,0.0003684653,0.0001505308,0.0002452953,0.0001424322],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993765,0.00005862243,0.0003368694,0.0001437692,0.00002475132,0.00005950795],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003366188,0.0001675104,0.0006264193,0.000006152992,0.000005964741,0.000005689533,0.003463337,0.000003548473,0.9929125,0.0001020351,0.00007507815,0.002295186],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008479248,0.0003543929,0.1180889,0.0001916596,0.000005536112,0.0003361565,0.0001836484,0.00000138324,0.8779348,0.00002208601,0.001958022,0.00007549314],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9920397,0.0002899124,0.00004810084,0.002116173,0.0005346493,0.0001238817,0.000001125575,0.000008814751,0.00483762],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998033,0.00005875117,0.0003251119,0.001455099,0.00007684425,9.495213e-7,8.369287e-8,0.000006025552,0.00004411525],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1174624,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3471817,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2035353554","doi":"10.1016/j.jecp.2008.01.004","title":"Toward a comprehensive view of the skills involved in word reading in Grades 4, 6, and 8","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Experimental Child Psychology","topic":"Reading and Literacy Development","field":"Psychology","cited_by":296,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; Queen's University; Dalhousie University","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Pseudoword; Psychology; Reading (process); Phonological awareness; Context (archaeology); Phonemic awareness; Developmental psychology; Cognitive psychology; Word recognition; Cognition; Linguistics; Literacy; Pedagogy","authors":[{"name":"Alexandra A. Roman","is_ca":true},{"name":"John R. Kirby","is_ca":true},{"name":"Rauno Parrila","is_ca":true},{"name":"Lesly Wade‐Woolley","is_ca":true},{"name":"S. Hélène Deacon","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04292372760732293,"gpt":0.3498816941610022,"spread":0.3069579665536793,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000239626,0.0001626906,0.0004764995,0.0003212362,0.00004488812,0.000006116862,0.0002624001,0.0001114636,0.000107089],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001871048,0.0001173605,0.0001018703,0.0003061889,0.0002300285,0.00008426904,0.00005405174,0.0004403011,0.000004609847],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000605041,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002197121,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005579313,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006473131,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982628,0.0003018986,0.0008237273,0.0002115261,0.0001551647,0.000244879],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991926,0.0001117119,0.0003887257,0.0002047489,0.00003625881,0.00006593942],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001102264,0.003257772,0.7876925,0.00003942695,0.0002592551,0.0008327508,0.1697163,0.000008198511,0.02079052,0.002789622,0.005383549,0.008127775],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003000187,0.000275054,0.9819724,0.0003565028,0.000005108036,0.00238817,0.003125502,7.292679e-7,0.002951245,0.0002117463,0.005581712,0.000131663],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9816954,0.009831948,0.000004786312,0.0008550541,0.0009582018,0.0001657356,0.000001578446,0.000003609591,0.006483656],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977285,0.0004754463,0.0004373922,0.001191286,0.00006832999,0.000008480317,8.183257e-7,0.00001424368,0.00007554281],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1942798,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4785824,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2154647433","doi":"10.1016/j.jecp.2010.10.009","title":"The effects of bilingualism on toddlers’ executive functioning","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Experimental Child Psychology","topic":"Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":296,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University; Concordia University","funders":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; National Institutes of Health","keywords":"Psychology; Stroop effect; Neuroscience of multilingualism; Executive functions; Cognitive flexibility; Cognition; Developmental psychology; Cognitive psychology; Flexibility (engineering); Task (project management); Cognitive skill; Attentional control","authors":[{"name":"Diane Poulin‐Dubois","is_ca":true},{"name":"Agnès Blaye","is_ca":false},{"name":"Julie Coutya","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ellen Bialystok","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01522623631795754,"gpt":0.3319539121518519,"spread":0.3167276758338944,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002895348,0.0001440268,0.0002311936,0.0001213954,0.0002336784,0.00001724677,0.0004058837,0.0001141516,0.00004876454],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008088546,0.00008830515,0.0001709552,0.0001249569,0.0004594832,0.0000698624,0.00004419348,0.0007375468,0.00001148754],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001021314,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002133285,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002191505,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001356668,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998718,0.0002180118,0.0004220713,0.0002283877,0.0001886158,0.0002248893],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981592,0.0009651077,0.0004806086,0.0002772373,0.00004490135,0.00007300042],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003426789,0.0002936068,0.00007085298,0.000002699944,0.00001598825,0.0003069335,0.00153762,5.070811e-7,0.9940079,0.00160434,0.0008353085,0.0009815205],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001107532,0.002006782,0.000805058,0.00003171358,0.00001012586,0.003220229,0.0003127442,5.813195e-7,0.986193,0.0002668545,0.005958431,0.00008696302],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9794908,0.0006333222,0.000005683012,0.0006978437,0.007238485,0.0001295229,0.000001448583,0.00001133052,0.01179157],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9955305,0.00006816637,0.00005766961,0.003680791,0.0005199547,0.000002847275,2.473208e-7,0.00001408489,0.0001257362],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01603971,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3600979,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2119997223","doi":"10.1016/s0022-0965(03)00102-4","title":"Developmental changes in face processing skills","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Experimental Child Psychology","topic":"Face Recognition and Perception","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":273,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Psychology; Gaze; Cognitive psychology; Orientation (vector space); Facial expression; Task (project management); Face perception; Matching (statistics); Face (sociological concept); Identity (music); Communication; Developmental psychology; Perception; Neuroscience; Mathematics; Linguistics","authors":[{"name":"Catherine J. Mondloch","is_ca":true},{"name":"Sybil Geldart","is_ca":true},{"name":"Daphne Maurer","is_ca":true},{"name":"Richard Le Grand","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04948127146184829,"gpt":0.3665194531523519,"spread":0.3170381816905036,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001848091,0.0001099137,0.0001622138,0.0002191756,0.00007104728,0.00002192405,0.0001217083,0.00007198523,0.001006009],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007332176,0.00009772345,0.00004401218,0.0001945979,0.00007094448,0.0001725395,0.00001079785,0.000240747,0.00007196294],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007560261,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002675976,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":5.71182e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003991352,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990113,0.0001605748,0.0002906422,0.0001763576,0.0001637543,0.0001974053],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996707,0.00002486217,0.0001723018,0.00004091242,0.00001567158,0.00007551377],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006133765,0.0006803236,0.0009205374,0.000003318871,0.000002272958,0.00004665151,0.002716975,0.000002393039,0.9887736,0.0001391219,0.0003468383,0.006306602],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001935255,0.0003453951,0.01375299,0.00008148866,0.000002263022,0.00370687,0.001979852,0.000003488238,0.9629451,0.0001016917,0.01497564,0.0001699785],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9404637,0.000395654,0.00007659844,0.000673509,0.0004536964,0.00009828904,0.00000148652,0.000009644426,0.05782747],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9952289,0.0001480972,0.0007790631,0.003676387,0.00005851391,0.000004199153,4.282368e-7,0.0000114893,0.00009291333],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05773455,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999072,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2087182533","doi":"10.1016/s0022-0965(02)00121-2","title":"Heuristic and analytic processing: Age trends and associations with cognitive ability and cognitive styles","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Experimental Child Psychology","topic":"Child and Animal Learning Development","field":"Psychology","cited_by":270,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Hospital for Sick Children; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology; Cognition; Cognitive psychology; Dual process theory (moral psychology); Cognitive style; Heuristic; Variance (accounting); Elementary cognitive task; Developmental psychology; Artificial intelligence","authors":[{"name":"Judite V. Kokis","is_ca":true},{"name":"Robyn Macpherson","is_ca":true},{"name":"Maggie E. Toplak","is_ca":true},{"name":"Richard F. West","is_ca":false},{"name":"Keith E. Stanovich","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02981164166641636,"gpt":0.3449884389503077,"spread":0.3151767972838913,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000221511,0.0002007326,0.0003887229,0.0002192208,0.0002064504,0.00005522223,0.00005794561,0.000100472,0.0004373792],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000604571,0.0001597463,0.0000430482,0.0001707582,0.0004346156,0.000110432,0.00003110742,0.000390745,0.000004988859],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002430313,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008742173,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005538731,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005002729,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987319,0.0001572235,0.0003694906,0.000358182,0.0001505422,0.0002327156],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991579,0.0001736732,0.0003580874,0.00006442834,0.00007928047,0.0001666545],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002693417,0.005182559,0.7456068,0.00005205943,0.002163004,0.001161403,0.06625674,3.694358e-7,0.001722195,0.002587379,0.002414409,0.1701597],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003687972,0.001755703,0.9882942,0.0001363687,0.000142991,0.001578614,0.003756738,0.000006006779,0.00004898826,0.00005189689,0.0003474235,0.0001930913],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.937649,0.01220162,0.00004312497,0.0009649651,0.00008751027,0.0001049981,0.00001845455,0.00001431726,0.04891602],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998645,0.00009474053,0.0001678895,0.0007206184,0.0001189261,0.000006263125,0.000006100689,0.00001858752,0.0002218657],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2426874,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6514267,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2063711664","doi":"10.1016/j.jecp.2004.05.001","title":"Levels of phonological awareness in three cultures","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Experimental Child Psychology","topic":"Reading and Literacy Development","field":"Psychology","cited_by":270,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"Hong Kong Government","keywords":"Phonological awareness; Syllable; Psychology; Pinyin; Linguistics; Reading (process); Phonology; Chinese characters","authors":[{"name":"Catherine McBride‐Chang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ellen Bialystok","is_ca":true},{"name":"Karen K.Y. Chong","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yanping Li","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04957843653362925,"gpt":0.4029818701443324,"spread":0.3534034336107031,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003378005,0.0001884494,0.0004867012,0.000301375,0.00004236378,0.0000101231,0.000394802,0.0002095042,0.0009823611],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002328222,0.0001430774,0.0001616742,0.0002191355,0.0001613843,0.00009721256,0.00003868811,0.0004275193,0.0000388625],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009160648,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004227598,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000469146,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009420858,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982418,0.000109454,0.0008975444,0.0002507039,0.0001975551,0.000302943],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999118,0.00004256876,0.0004466369,0.0002401916,0.00005804459,0.00009453349],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.008086075,0.02431493,0.3598447,0.00005638878,0.001688745,0.003683568,0.1244589,0.0004922397,0.2907884,0.151753,0.009056571,0.02577653],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006137873,0.001250463,0.9543852,0.0001545478,0.00001078209,0.002196851,0.001529318,2.807235e-7,0.02716485,0.003492077,0.003453872,0.0002239063],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9633566,0.004096655,0.0003338387,0.0008861699,0.001889558,0.0001106515,0.000005498485,0.00001036474,0.02931069],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974547,0.0000234594,0.001537318,0.0007126772,0.000188564,0.00000831112,0.0000016212,0.00001519294,0.00005814762],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5945405,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999309,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2049551875","doi":"10.1016/j.jecp.2011.01.008","title":"The role of the executive functions in school achievement at the end of Grade 1","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Experimental Child Psychology","topic":"Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder","field":"Medicine","cited_by":269,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology; Developmental psychology; Executive functions; Working memory; Academic achievement; Reading (process); Flexibility (engineering); Cognitive flexibility; Aggression; Cognition","authors":[{"name":"Sébastien Monette","is_ca":true},{"name":"Marc Bigras","is_ca":true},{"name":"Marie‐Claude Guay","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03634369748736774,"gpt":0.3413285738742387,"spread":0.304984876386871,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003210969,0.0001058834,0.0002366548,0.00007866998,0.0001311196,0.0000029789,0.0002308075,0.00006203415,0.0005951968],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005512624,0.00005068075,0.0002276189,0.0001690168,0.0004023855,0.00006049798,0.00008263504,0.0004294824,0.00001011403],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007651272,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003958065,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004019821,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003660744,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987751,0.0001931096,0.0005201534,0.00009745522,0.0002624496,0.0001517426],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989234,0.00007849991,0.0005295561,0.0003511414,0.00006567416,0.00005176668],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.003155543,0.006001291,0.5584647,0.000007981027,0.0006898229,0.00001240551,0.00889126,0.000009070144,0.4156616,0.002458347,0.003136058,0.001511919],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002714765,0.0009460204,0.8891454,0.00007148559,0.00008240491,0.0006506878,0.02914314,0.000001915821,0.06938193,0.0003265616,0.007467745,0.00006793087],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9647086,0.004915752,0.00001232304,0.004068443,0.0004453511,0.0002819009,0.000004520914,0.000002073519,0.02556105],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998907,0.0000844341,0.00003621159,0.0005237909,0.0000612069,0.00001018993,7.786596e-7,0.00001146339,0.0003649315],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3462797,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6516988,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2143445015","doi":"10.1016/j.jecp.2005.07.003","title":"Understanding print: Early reading development and the contributions of home literacy experiences","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Experimental Child Psychology","topic":"Reading and Literacy Development","field":"Psychology","cited_by":269,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University; University of Guelph; McMaster University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Psychology; Spelling; Reading (process); Orthography; Literacy; Phonological awareness; Developmental psychology; Early literacy; Emergent literacy; Pedagogy; Linguistics","authors":[{"name":"Betty Ann Levy","is_ca":true},{"name":"Zhiyu Gong","is_ca":true},{"name":"Sandra Hessels","is_ca":true},{"name":"Mary Ann Evans","is_ca":true},{"name":"Debra Jared","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04002206688427081,"gpt":0.3631104909493982,"spread":0.3230884240651274,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008819228,0.0001867235,0.0004308842,0.0002504708,0.0002398432,0.00005320408,0.0002954679,0.00009997294,0.0003536654],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003110029,0.0001249494,0.0001167372,0.0001714623,0.0004167874,0.0002304079,0.00005506211,0.0003275904,0.00001498971],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001521266,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003443028,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000603668,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.017969e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980119,0.000226525,0.0009864512,0.0002278267,0.0002397586,0.000307508],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987421,0.0002127591,0.0006267952,0.0002117422,0.00008211924,0.000124481],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002689158,0.001042132,0.005341739,0.00001099933,0.0007846483,0.00006195814,0.8145291,0.000004380254,0.007328336,0.1559184,0.002499878,0.009789205],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.055904,0.003279593,0.2428615,0.001472841,0.0002247865,0.01290265,0.2049563,0.00003695554,0.2352605,0.004403403,0.2367187,0.001978697],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9694281,0.005345562,0.001551391,0.001750394,0.001148295,0.0001832946,0.00000228183,0.00001190357,0.02057873],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9964068,0.00005180316,0.002465684,0.0005735749,0.0002576895,0.00002956919,0.000001553787,0.00001439092,0.0001989476],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6095728,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5095286,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2119061789","doi":"10.1016/s0022-0965(03)00024-9","title":"Development of phonological and orthographic processing in reading aloud, in silent reading, and in spelling: A four-year longitudinal study","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Experimental Child Psychology","topic":"Reading and Literacy Development","field":"Psychology","cited_by":263,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Pseudoword; Spelling; Psychology; Reading (process); Orthography; Phonemic awareness; Phonological awareness; Cognitive psychology; Phonology; Linguistics; Cognition","authors":[{"name":"Liliane Sprenger-Charolles","is_ca":false},{"name":"Linda S. Siegel","is_ca":true},{"name":"Danielle Béchennec","is_ca":false},{"name":"Willy Serniclaes","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05629655427743283,"gpt":0.3695286824741085,"spread":0.3132321281966757,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001528658,0.0002527163,0.0006391661,0.001092424,0.00005135387,0.00002503571,0.0001565649,0.000164348,0.00008989147],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004450854,0.0002234851,0.00004717069,0.0004996627,0.0001260678,0.0001251662,0.00004233014,0.0005924242,0.000002482812],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009463883,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004640317,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002168513,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005455727,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9972036,0.0003386512,0.001374646,0.0004662094,0.0002076925,0.0004091728],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991708,0.00006551321,0.0004643975,0.0001514723,0.00003351136,0.0001142439],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007264052,0.002280162,0.943841,0.00001472929,0.00004776663,0.0004893048,0.0475497,0.000003068495,0.002071972,0.0004302961,0.00001755241,0.002528001],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005101968,0.0006728168,0.9766214,0.0003085554,0.000008613887,0.001114775,0.01470987,0.00000312444,0.0006921731,0.0001096274,0.0004315558,0.0002255017],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9907439,0.003271005,0.00003905169,0.00006059902,0.0003031009,0.0003021947,3.853769e-7,0.00000539059,0.005274397],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9941604,0.00008713768,0.005594823,0.0000722027,0.00002933858,0.00001472079,7.476197e-7,0.00001927246,0.00002133402],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03283982,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9113457,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1964183740","doi":"10.1016/s0022-0965(02)00008-5","title":"Orthographic learning during reading: examining the role of self-teaching","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Experimental Child Psychology","topic":"Reading and Literacy Development","field":"Psychology","cited_by":263,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Homophone; Psychology; Orthography; Reading (process); Orthographic projection; Spelling; Cognitive psychology; Cognition; Context (archaeology); Contrast (vision); Linguistics; Artificial intelligence; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Anne E. Cunningham","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kathryn Perry","is_ca":false},{"name":"Keith E. Stanovich","is_ca":true},{"name":"David L. Share","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01861845304395321,"gpt":0.3100215589172025,"spread":0.2914031058732492,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008361117,0.0002255727,0.0004070537,0.0003972058,0.0003218837,0.00003032611,0.0004481368,0.0001363862,0.0009474197],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004174309,0.0001675923,0.00020632,0.0002236658,0.0001066469,0.0001458192,0.00005705108,0.001098291,0.0000372253],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004189488,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006239487,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001138465,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.538033e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976075,0.0005248525,0.0009120762,0.0002780463,0.0002809675,0.0003965156],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984949,0.0001588194,0.0008568196,0.0003215246,0.00005187455,0.0001160095],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007815901,0.003783264,0.5151898,0.00002885299,0.002096586,0.0004005765,0.2693219,0.00005028518,0.1587671,0.01556554,0.002965949,0.0310486],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006629928,0.003499738,0.7736688,0.0005102963,0.000161362,0.01424147,0.03353295,0.00006894241,0.0192766,0.0002614829,0.1472794,0.0008690511],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8303379,0.007485029,0.00001949047,0.0002031089,0.000951849,0.00009265584,5.316878e-7,0.00003208556,0.1608773],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979532,0.0001031091,0.0008156599,0.000227501,0.0003851983,0.000009307485,9.685042e-7,0.00003790377,0.0004671945],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2584791,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999658,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2083585528","doi":"10.1016/j.jecp.2007.12.002","title":"Working memory and arithmetic calculation in children: The contributory roles of processing speed, short-term memory, and reading","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Experimental Child Psychology","topic":"Cognitive and developmental aspects of mathematical skills","field":"Mathematics","cited_by":240,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Mount Saint Vincent University","funders":"","keywords":"Working memory; Arithmetic; Short-term memory; Reading (process); Psychology; Cognition; Baddeley's model of working memory; Cognitive psychology; Mathematics","authors":[{"name":"Derek H. Berg","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03388755034914424,"gpt":0.3358668625887037,"spread":0.3019793122395595,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004724999,0.000158036,0.0004111834,0.0001546315,0.0001267932,0.00001772457,0.0001158602,0.00007940613,0.00001981578],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001103632,0.000111238,0.00006303213,0.0001078257,0.0002853326,0.0001307386,0.00006574662,0.0002654513,7.110852e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003896418,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000173062,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002542432,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003491911,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987034,0.00008913848,0.0006358686,0.0001657371,0.0002237668,0.0001820755],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992493,0.0002206115,0.0003158827,0.00009394109,0.00005010478,0.00007020608],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001859743,0.005779321,0.6893675,0.000268805,0.0009895902,0.0006719311,0.05768818,0.000008538253,0.1393543,0.007276258,0.001261181,0.09547473],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005179954,0.0006114206,0.9000787,0.001503682,0.0001059811,0.01324972,0.003201048,0.0000791699,0.06406908,0.01142692,0.00002164209,0.0004726774],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9914077,0.004639238,0.00016638,0.0002240403,0.00007703193,0.0002359586,8.165024e-7,0.000008563291,0.003240284],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980732,0.0001351145,0.001472968,0.0001748831,0.0001080903,0.000002439609,7.088091e-7,0.00001863847,0.00001399525],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2107113,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4536153,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2168951757","doi":"10.1016/j.jecp.2010.05.003","title":"A happy story: Developmental changes in children’s sensitivity to facial expressions of varying intensities","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Experimental Child Psychology","topic":"Face Recognition and Perception","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":204,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology; Surprise; Disgust; Disappointment; Facial expression; Anger; Developmental psychology; Emotional expression; Expression (computer science); Social psychology; Communication","authors":[{"name":"Xiaoqing Gao","is_ca":true},{"name":"Daphne Maurer","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04379840499310395,"gpt":0.343629362092007,"spread":0.299830957098903,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003023269,0.000141695,0.0002724151,0.0004117983,0.0001041486,0.0000134462,0.0001366851,0.0001074984,0.0005037418],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002094616,0.0001296873,0.00007779156,0.0001546046,0.0001478865,0.0001534661,0.00006110578,0.0005710599,0.00002777969],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004536145,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002881464,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001319039,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005164407,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988335,0.0002161636,0.0003137821,0.0002167611,0.0002110188,0.0002088245],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994437,0.00008254727,0.000209122,0.00009575146,0.00004209694,0.0001267792],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002463359,0.0003339679,0.003497243,0.000001500436,0.000006039336,0.00001904472,0.003952751,0.000002482564,0.9896452,0.00004692767,0.0003852749,0.001863243],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009452935,0.0003256124,0.1305254,0.00007769877,0.000003505017,0.002276765,0.00115303,0.000004807242,0.8636264,0.00001460908,0.0009003789,0.0001465797],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9943676,0.00002401954,0.0000403124,0.001355226,0.00101458,0.0001660542,0.00002271788,0.00001098062,0.002998518],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9962181,0.00002264181,0.0008820303,0.002650284,0.0001858179,0.000006137469,0.000001721496,0.00001318807,0.00002003264],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1270281,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.551562,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2119992580","doi":"10.1016/j.jecp.2008.11.002","title":"Influence of intensity on children’s sensitivity to happy, sad, and fearful facial expressions","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Experimental Child Psychology","topic":"Face Recognition and Perception","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":198,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Sadness; Psychology; Happiness; Facial expression; Developmental psychology; Audiology; Anger; Clinical psychology; Social psychology; Communication","authors":[{"name":"Xiaoqing Gao","is_ca":true},{"name":"Daphne Maurer","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03055611352828789,"gpt":0.3542611659083699,"spread":0.323705052380082,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001471011,0.0001275512,0.0002522114,0.0001849453,0.0001016879,0.00001377961,0.0000987793,0.00008275484,0.0000774922],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001788375,0.000108837,0.0000799139,0.0001123076,0.0001207844,0.0001463587,0.00002914119,0.0002950196,0.00002467615],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002358159,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008790977,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005012583,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.671472e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989411,0.0001615954,0.0003108167,0.0002246994,0.0002027764,0.0001590418],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993972,0.00005698811,0.0001998637,0.0001308138,0.00005033367,0.0001647905],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005749611,0.0004605277,0.0009674753,5.972394e-7,0.0000037962,0.00001807286,0.0009955626,0.00006553781,0.9935803,0.00006949251,0.0005794915,0.002684124],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005321588,0.001205126,0.4889305,0.00007190445,0.00000340675,0.00100182,0.00006759508,0.000002562263,0.5079438,0.00004680573,0.000114982,0.00007933836],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9956976,0.00004071925,0.00003918678,0.001931753,0.000202277,0.0001350119,0.00001846621,0.00001041876,0.001924529],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.990309,0.00004725511,0.0001365898,0.009382385,0.0001079455,6.595698e-7,6.264795e-7,0.000005839299,0.00000971073],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.487963,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4438244,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2169763433","doi":"10.1016/j.jecp.2011.05.005","title":"Coordination of executive functions in monolingual and bilingual children","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Experimental Child Psychology","topic":"Reading and Literacy Development","field":"Psychology","cited_by":197,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Psychology; Task (project management); Working memory; Cognitive psychology; Executive functions; Modalities; Cognition; Control (management); Task analysis; Variety (cybernetics); Developmental psychology; Computer science; Neuroscience; Artificial intelligence","authors":[{"name":"Ellen Bialystok","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02809826392345823,"gpt":0.3423154490183652,"spread":0.314217185094907,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000324085,0.0001339355,0.0002974102,0.0004482099,0.00003807728,0.000005361263,0.0001388482,0.0001159582,0.0003672026],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002241277,0.0001192072,0.00007340323,0.0001719597,0.0001301885,0.00009902369,0.00002675711,0.0002788082,0.000009745278],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003405157,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002551279,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001014538,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004577732,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998747,0.0001289626,0.0006579208,0.0001761895,0.0001030307,0.000186889],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992763,0.00003916163,0.0004020138,0.0001435335,0.00006365429,0.00007532248],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002968309,0.005253633,0.6955249,0.000008333715,0.0006929846,0.0001478976,0.2524681,0.000002408845,0.01431898,0.01034192,0.004386351,0.01388616],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003239498,0.001353827,0.9779972,0.00006221131,0.00002075029,0.001783896,0.006079619,0.000001353269,0.008474997,0.0003018827,0.0005263067,0.0001584567],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9503077,0.002248407,0.00006841547,0.00008081605,0.001017328,0.0001181511,0.000004367787,0.000006635739,0.04614817],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988886,0.0000172671,0.0005924746,0.0001643872,0.0001209984,0.000004708196,0.000003421527,0.00001381138,0.0001942968],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2824723,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4861128,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2037906338","doi":"10.1016/j.jecp.2010.08.009","title":"A latent variables examination of processing speed, response inhibition, and working memory during typical development","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Experimental Child Psychology","topic":"Cognitive Abilities and Testing","field":"Psychology","cited_by":197,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Hospital for Sick Children","funders":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","keywords":"Working memory; Psychology; Executive functions; Cognitive psychology; Cognition; Replicate; Developmental psychology; Information processing; Neuroscience; Statistics","authors":[{"name":"Tara McAuley","is_ca":true},{"name":"Desirée A. White","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03044202459117686,"gpt":0.3257256620321742,"spread":0.2952836374409974,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009593931,0.0001398737,0.0002522731,0.0002430318,0.0001411763,0.00002051152,0.00008957124,0.0001278019,0.0004958313],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001344923,0.0001289825,0.00005264464,0.0001317199,0.0001834299,0.0001108074,0.00005430773,0.000424555,0.000003752619],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003525543,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003443502,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002543418,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000187129,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985602,0.000202879,0.0006431837,0.0002188283,0.000163276,0.0002115805],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990253,0.0001705123,0.0004671935,0.0001143242,0.0001334414,0.00008921012],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.005683705,0.001459712,0.02324664,0.00004156218,0.0001410691,0.0001740503,0.02809508,0.000001903309,0.9003102,0.0009617358,0.00006949035,0.03981492],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002632636,0.0004092169,0.9199378,0.0002294972,0.00001781224,0.002705168,0.003330409,0.000003962279,0.0701305,0.00009919365,0.0003468158,0.0001570083],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9896585,0.001019882,0.0000698526,0.0002130597,0.0006349966,0.000115091,9.324561e-7,0.00001170549,0.008275968],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997394,0.000004364695,0.002114871,0.0001438074,0.0002533811,0.00000471745,0.000001300068,0.00001860594,0.00006491828],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8966911,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5429005,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2028334475","doi":"10.1016/j.jecp.2012.10.015","title":"Why is rapid automatized naming related to reading?","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Experimental Child Psychology","topic":"Reading and Literacy Development","field":"Psychology","cited_by":195,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Rapid automatized naming; Psychology; Ran; Reading (process); Fluency; Cognitive psychology; Developmental psychology; Communication; Phonological awareness; Linguistics; Computer science; Mathematics education","authors":[{"name":"George K. Georgiou","is_ca":true},{"name":"Rauno Parrila","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ying Cui","is_ca":true},{"name":"Timothy C. Papadopoulos","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01369365848238545,"gpt":0.3443511509066235,"spread":0.3306574924242381,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004575841,0.0002938047,0.0005415799,0.000546133,0.000139751,0.00007096365,0.0004883647,0.0002235355,0.01868232],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003504402,0.0002503613,0.0002313014,0.0003575908,0.00007706937,0.0002472848,0.00005944266,0.0005076654,0.001874758],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001117951,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001822315,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000451382,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.161817e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.997366,0.000239342,0.001180846,0.0004004321,0.0002940935,0.000519325],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984475,0.00008894642,0.0005390568,0.0004404123,0.0001247809,0.0003593488],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003164308,0.0008252541,0.002132061,0.0000049511,0.0005248346,0.0001326046,0.03987734,9.152911e-7,0.03596139,0.002256793,0.9048473,0.01312008],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.009318214,0.00360079,0.1711936,0.0004297833,0.00006313833,0.009065387,0.005965368,0.0000231705,0.02054036,0.001108003,0.777617,0.001075224],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7625407,0.001839406,0.0001751439,0.01252428,0.005176735,0.0004146736,0.000003049343,0.00007337413,0.2172526],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9592941,0.00002187211,0.004408733,0.03325613,0.0002598711,0.00005062958,0.000004106685,0.00005760531,0.002646896],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2146057,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999949,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2166105663","doi":"10.1016/j.jecp.2009.01.001","title":"The development and coherence of future-oriented behaviors during the preschool years","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Experimental Child Psychology","topic":"Child and Animal Learning Development","field":"Psychology","cited_by":189,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology; Developmental psychology; Gratification; Delay of gratification; Coherence (philosophical gambling strategy); Cognitive psychology; Vocabulary; Early childhood; Cognitive development; Cognition; Social psychology; Neuroscience","authors":[{"name":"Cristina M. Atance","is_ca":true},{"name":"Laura Jackson","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009251149417711338,"gpt":0.31081576796296,"spread":0.3015646185452487,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004061813,0.000154458,0.0002310343,0.00007744897,0.0002676252,0.00002227715,0.0003445167,0.00008259343,0.0001638726],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000013786,0.00009253728,0.00008804775,0.0001238176,0.0001643026,0.00005444387,0.00004461647,0.0004624659,0.000011546],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000359899,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000293418,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002325267,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001840973,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985461,0.000136426,0.0006214947,0.0001990882,0.0002374189,0.0002595001],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991274,0.00004904539,0.0004513696,0.0002316276,0.00004834345,0.00009215857],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.01170205,0.007338765,0.2482604,0.00003060286,0.002004346,0.0006925222,0.178808,0.00001430899,0.2516401,0.05452328,0.02287004,0.2221157],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001243441,0.0005362192,0.9538218,0.00003638796,0.00001212878,0.0005690869,0.002910771,1.033033e-7,0.005120369,0.0000206324,0.03562444,0.0001045901],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9840487,0.006279797,0.000007568948,0.001312808,0.001092591,0.0001606133,0.000001008181,0.000009189371,0.007087762],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985482,0.00006986898,0.0004163178,0.0003945238,0.0003090121,0.000005789106,7.321719e-7,0.00001119305,0.0002443558],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7055615,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3773561,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2171844132","doi":"10.1016/j.jecp.2012.04.005","title":"Brief daily exposures to Asian females reverses perceptual narrowing for Asian faces in Caucasian infants","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Experimental Child Psychology","topic":"Face Recognition and Perception","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":186,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria; University of Toronto","funders":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; National Institutes of Health; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Stimulus (psychology); Psychology; Perception; Developmental psychology; Perceptual learning; Visual perception; Audiology; Cognitive psychology; Medicine; Neuroscience","authors":[{"name":"Gizelle Anzures","is_ca":false},{"name":"Andrea Wheeler","is_ca":true},{"name":"Paul C. Quinn","is_ca":false},{"name":"Olivier Pascalis","is_ca":false},{"name":"Alan Slater","is_ca":false},{"name":"Michelle Heron‐Delaney","is_ca":false},{"name":"James W. Tanaka","is_ca":true},{"name":"Kang Lee","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0928152140223485,"gpt":0.3985020949191415,"spread":0.305686880896793,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000357255,0.0002035147,0.0003233358,0.0004001455,0.0001579298,0.00004495753,0.0002606121,0.0001376789,0.0007441097],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001963998,0.0001879017,0.0001642824,0.0002040029,0.0001124601,0.0005953727,0.00003466914,0.0002876675,0.00007202412],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008145512,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002051383,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009185262,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002265356,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998215,0.0002374599,0.0005609825,0.0002727915,0.0002431734,0.0004706217],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992473,0.00006059937,0.0002170763,0.0001557375,0.00003028214,0.0002890598],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007974455,0.0009220584,0.01952122,0.00001172063,0.00001558486,0.00002894227,0.03816235,0.000004597969,0.9273121,0.0002951348,0.004835377,0.008093451],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00481874,0.002609932,0.59558,0.000266076,0.00002115203,0.003044515,0.04446717,0.000003984759,0.2997282,0.00007698967,0.04874749,0.0006356543],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9736552,0.0003363613,0.00008742024,0.003248052,0.001649515,0.0003276971,0.00002017228,0.00001751753,0.0206581],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9933017,0.0000418873,0.001083883,0.004912018,0.0005253103,0.00002029876,0.000003270888,0.00002724367,0.00008432298],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6275839,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.814748,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2601468070","doi":"10.1016/j.jecp.2017.02.015","title":"Morphological awareness and reading comprehension: Examining mediating factors","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Experimental Child Psychology","topic":"Reading and Literacy Development","field":"Psychology","cited_by":179,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council; Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Reading comprehension; Psychology; Path analysis (statistics); Comprehension; Reading (process); Vocabulary; Cognitive psychology; Meaning (existential); Phonological awareness; Linguistics; Nonverbal communication; Relation (database); Developmental psychology; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Kyle Levesque","is_ca":true},{"name":"Michael J. Kieffer","is_ca":false},{"name":"S. Hélène Deacon","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.09241001926131466,"gpt":0.4108787310751765,"spread":0.3184687118138619,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005036329,0.0002441602,0.000511892,0.0001804228,0.0006704115,0.0001145609,0.0004853816,0.000194428,0.000492471],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001061068,0.0001886654,0.0000932507,0.00004302226,0.0002707603,0.0002331937,0.0001403362,0.0004894502,0.00001903702],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004054215,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000152448,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002616098,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.078479e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998194,0.0001801508,0.0006859321,0.0003625558,0.0002197721,0.0003576058],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981619,0.0001880434,0.0009244271,0.0004509602,0.00005768653,0.0002169498],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005340158,0.0006745721,0.9146419,0.000009887406,0.000340463,0.001429193,0.02301812,0.000001966409,0.04439193,0.002200572,0.003833281,0.008924107],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002034975,0.0006899771,0.9804424,0.0001077801,0.00001987826,0.004752128,0.003436401,0.000003760755,0.003467782,0.00008610564,0.004712343,0.0002464391],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9583487,0.001686422,0.00009523895,0.0004360364,0.003883207,0.00008224944,0.000002821514,0.00001974016,0.03544562],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974367,0.000043446,0.001279866,0.000563217,0.0004987081,0.000004989602,0.000004282475,0.00002487934,0.0001439278],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.06580053,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.769355,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2082423373","doi":"10.1016/j.jecp.2011.05.003","title":"Predictors of children’s prosocial lie-telling: Motivation, socialization variables, and moral understanding","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Experimental Child Psychology","topic":"Child and Animal Learning Development","field":"Psychology","cited_by":171,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Prosocial behavior; Psychology; Vignette; Socialization; Developmental psychology; Feeling; Lying; Helping behavior; Social psychology","authors":[{"name":"Mina Popliger","is_ca":true},{"name":"Victoria Talwar","is_ca":true},{"name":"Angela M. Crossman","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0776152382380056,"gpt":0.311612614550029,"spread":0.2339973763120234,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003621035,0.0001759159,0.0003517502,0.0002099399,0.0001482863,0.00001339143,0.0001711518,0.0001803525,0.0006179247],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003549981,0.0001632249,0.0001023828,0.0001645262,0.0002046655,0.0001283961,0.00003608757,0.0002929024,0.000004354527],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008450515,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003635314,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001695093,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.256916e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984931,0.0001482902,0.0006754599,0.0002471649,0.0002046118,0.0002313908],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989707,0.00003715607,0.0007082446,0.000116976,0.00006643032,0.0001004566],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009739275,0.001505634,0.7951247,0.000009552979,0.0006844461,0.00001673806,0.03491829,0.000001638217,0.004000975,0.1572772,0.005167185,0.0003197318],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002402162,0.001158037,0.9874904,0.00006875097,0.00005430793,0.0003051386,0.00215791,9.174277e-7,0.003513445,0.002306079,0.0003486762,0.0001941887],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9246947,0.001823521,0.00156654,0.0002289972,0.0018846,0.00025291,0.00000780817,0.00002704381,0.0695139],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982958,0.00006486451,0.0007380779,0.0002705368,0.0005358994,0.00000332626,0.000008857756,0.00002710209,0.00005547805],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1923657,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6765842,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2124205971","doi":"10.1006/jecp.2001.2639","title":"Face Recognition in 4- to 7-Year-Olds: Processing of Configural, Featural, and Paraphernalia Information","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Experimental Child Psychology","topic":"Face Recognition and Perception","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":170,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Paraphernalia; Psychology; Face (sociological concept); Cognitive psychology; Face perception; Feature (linguistics); Identity (music); Facial recognition system; Communication; Developmental psychology; Perception; Linguistics; Pattern recognition (psychology); Neuroscience","authors":[{"name":"Alejo Freire","is_ca":true},{"name":"Kang Lee","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05284749917592787,"gpt":0.3603870843372732,"spread":0.3075395851613454,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001460149,0.00009004223,0.0001658556,0.0002661362,0.00004264322,0.00002986122,0.00008440933,0.00006894534,0.0003148573],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005736977,0.0000803479,0.00004058922,0.0002277988,0.00006322016,0.0006455487,0.00001141977,0.0001757799,0.00003874265],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002542189,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009832768,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007014472,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002352505,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991027,0.0000879196,0.0004238035,0.000104694,0.0001534173,0.0001274243],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995131,0.00002157421,0.0002839199,0.00005386317,0.00004940363,0.00007807721],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001242141,0.0003424199,0.002609269,0.00001889659,0.000005447184,0.00001528016,0.005324841,0.00001511401,0.937447,0.00005839963,0.001151704,0.05176953],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.008292595,0.002879787,0.2050172,0.0007540156,0.00001852645,0.005029229,0.009250976,0.0001131895,0.7548528,0.0004847105,0.01279264,0.0005143732],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9895756,0.0002001513,0.0001876282,0.001083155,0.0002413957,0.0001474773,0.000006028117,0.000006715499,0.008551855],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969022,0.0003498018,0.0003170666,0.002357544,0.00004782431,0.00000352646,0.000002990381,0.000005191979,0.00001386117],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2024079,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3447467,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2021360724","doi":"10.1016/s0022-0965(03)00061-4","title":"Possible olfaction-based mechanisms in human kin recognition and inbreeding avoidance","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Experimental Child Psychology","topic":"Evolutionary Psychology and Human Behavior","field":"Psychology","cited_by":169,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Kin recognition; Psychology; Olfaction; Inbreeding avoidance; Sibling; Developmental psychology; Association (psychology); Sister; Brother; Daughter; Genetics; Evolutionary biology; Offspring; Biology; Neuroscience","authors":[{"name":"Glenn E. Weisfeld","is_ca":false},{"name":"Tiffany Czilli","is_ca":false},{"name":"Krista Phillips","is_ca":true},{"name":"James A. Gall","is_ca":false},{"name":"Cary M. Lichtman","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06377571178840477,"gpt":0.3674511937213975,"spread":0.3036754819329927,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006445497,0.000216922,0.0003418081,0.0005661191,0.0002103667,0.00001843155,0.0001723265,0.0002872469,0.003865915],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001846051,0.0002234568,0.0001112646,0.000195351,0.0002023424,0.0001983037,0.00001143224,0.0006982297,0.00007095496],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008895173,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001894224,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001374599,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001117874,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980509,0.0003869477,0.0006958335,0.0003676662,0.0001540903,0.0003446132],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991145,0.00006234876,0.0004230005,0.0002170734,0.00005610704,0.0001270196],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.003318636,0.01350844,0.1376087,0.00003150624,0.00037288,0.00122337,0.01024546,0.00002427688,0.6391203,0.1793678,0.01120869,0.003969885],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01835954,0.005359911,0.893248,0.0002703165,0.00008516771,0.006902359,0.004121367,0.000003212465,0.03658333,0.03131991,0.002884203,0.0008626411],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9473519,0.002163485,0.0006337506,0.0004329349,0.002188448,0.000186826,0.000006658952,0.00002039911,0.04701558],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969201,0.00001429466,0.001289727,0.00138895,0.0001500548,0.00002687836,0.000007743851,0.00002820237,0.0001740254],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7556393,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9970447,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2090567651","doi":"10.1016/j.jecp.2013.10.005","title":"Enhancing social cognition by training children in emotion understanding: A primary school study","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Experimental Child Psychology","topic":"Child and Animal Learning Development","field":"Psychology","cited_by":168,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Ministero dell’Istruzione, dell’Università e della Ricerca","keywords":"Psychology; Cognition; Social cognition; Developmental psychology; Cognitive psychology; Cognitive development","authors":[{"name":"Veronica Ornaghi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jens Brockmeier","is_ca":true},{"name":"I Grazzani","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04439110680827433,"gpt":0.3398018753747608,"spread":0.2954107685664864,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000554973,0.0002429735,0.0004667537,0.0003626107,0.0001963958,0.00005698074,0.0002277732,0.0001668141,0.003303948],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002440068,0.000232923,0.0001379314,0.0002345282,0.00008039187,0.0002559113,0.00004009598,0.0007882638,0.0002007675],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003214128,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003951751,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002964328,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004129229,"domain_scores_codex":[0.997703,0.000349986,0.0008626782,0.0003734078,0.0002936349,0.0004172898],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991497,0.00004478083,0.0004938168,0.0001216498,0.00004174182,0.0001483493],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00313646,0.02507541,0.3176276,0.00002323495,0.002106693,0.0003411576,0.1962807,0.000004067061,0.33402,0.003228798,0.1056329,0.01252289],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005998128,0.001655193,0.9611742,0.00007188444,0.00002590725,0.0005123352,0.02926671,3.798447e-7,0.0004921446,0.000296476,0.0002427498,0.0002638683],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.947754,0.000729804,0.0002637486,0.001108021,0.0007852062,0.0005276972,0.000002776534,0.00002664049,0.04880211],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972688,0.000008945446,0.0001566758,0.001835379,0.0005344616,0.00002627461,0.00001847511,0.00003608791,0.0001149027],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6435466,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9976072,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2025342630","doi":"10.1006/jecp.2000.2627","title":"Executive Control within Strategic Deception: A Window on Early Cognitive Development?","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Experimental Child Psychology","topic":"Child and Animal Learning Development","field":"Psychology","cited_by":165,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology; Deception; General partnership; Control (management); Cognition; Task (project management); Intimidation; Executive functions; Cognitive psychology; Developmental psychology; Social psychology","authors":[{"name":"Suzanne Hala","is_ca":true},{"name":"James A. Russell","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03671582451983962,"gpt":0.3451305779780975,"spread":0.3084147534582579,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004731127,0.0003672461,0.0005452096,0.0003431232,0.0002418496,0.00004911393,0.000320915,0.0002206723,0.00263715],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000256751,0.0003138443,0.0002069523,0.0002467354,0.00018684,0.0001327103,0.00002754191,0.000870128,0.0007229292],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001159035,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008492437,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005480248,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002500906,"domain_scores_codex":[0.997403,0.0003128587,0.0009257534,0.0004809579,0.0003865776,0.0004908451],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99854,0.0001262423,0.0007339395,0.0001942886,0.0001439639,0.0002615117],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.1250108,0.03720482,0.2912584,0.00003460819,0.01233244,0.01554185,0.2457682,0.00008927807,0.07716113,0.1294628,0.0242707,0.04186505],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01818333,0.007543201,0.94098,0.0003933707,0.00007377159,0.0056586,0.01085749,0.000001546405,0.004554539,0.0003191573,0.01069865,0.0007363562],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7880127,0.001086162,0.0002008921,0.0005602912,0.001676415,0.0002430072,0.000004163185,0.00003217692,0.2081842],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.994045,0.00001942571,0.0004156495,0.004036467,0.0006805907,0.00002243747,0.000007424116,0.00004396227,0.0007290808],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6497216,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999313,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2040391777","doi":"10.1016/j.jecp.2009.09.006","title":"Executive functions underlying multiplicative reasoning: Problem type matters","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Experimental Child Psychology","topic":"Cognitive and developmental aspects of mathematical skills","field":"Mathematics","cited_by":162,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; York University; Society for Research in Child Development","keywords":"Psychology; Cognitive psychology; Multiplicative function; Executive functions; Cognition; Abstract reasoning; Cognitive science; Developmental psychology; Neuroscience; Mathematics","authors":[{"name":"Alba Agostino","is_ca":true},{"name":"Janice Johnson","is_ca":true},{"name":"Juan Pascual‐Leone","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05900363187168618,"gpt":0.3922243906745361,"spread":0.3332207588028499,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002463624,0.0002124451,0.0003901805,0.000154038,0.0001468485,0.00002819633,0.0002187155,0.00009175063,0.0003169632],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001336298,0.0001708254,0.000159608,0.0002177692,0.00009725098,0.0001875499,0.0000366869,0.0003441548,0.0001021304],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001071641,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002536331,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001257113,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.403567e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986201,0.00007744107,0.0005979478,0.0001937243,0.0002369494,0.0002738291],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988598,0.0002093572,0.0004439483,0.0001697059,0.0001615221,0.0001556252],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.003891925,0.01837569,0.00116394,0.00008230194,0.001807588,0.0005081095,0.03483992,0.000004449357,0.236672,0.2987553,0.3825568,0.02134198],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01391935,0.01293594,0.04409469,0.002185083,0.0003626949,0.009422254,0.02807252,0.00002178631,0.09961042,0.7672193,0.02001241,0.002143543],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.423498,0.002486358,0.02237948,0.02413356,0.001525671,0.001465137,0.00001200483,0.0002814164,0.5242183],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9667952,0.00002200206,0.02879245,0.003921642,0.0001262626,0.000005761817,0.000001873334,0.00002852901,0.0003062975],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5432971,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6966059,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2000079490","doi":"10.1016/j.jecp.2011.06.006","title":"Prospective relations between maternal autonomy support and child executive functioning: Investigating the mediating role of child language ability","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Experimental Child Psychology","topic":"Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development","field":"Psychology","cited_by":161,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology; Developmental psychology; Autonomy; Executive functions; Socioeconomic status; Language development; Language acquisition; Cognition; Population","authors":[{"name":"Célia Matte‐Gagné","is_ca":true},{"name":"Annie Bernier","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02118498502689775,"gpt":0.2984521318863594,"spread":0.2772671468594616,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005527028,0.0002226778,0.0003782583,0.0001382076,0.0003907365,0.00001830859,0.0002558621,0.0001405164,0.0007530361],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003981616,0.0001651459,0.000171832,0.0001762461,0.000375701,0.0001630021,0.00007493326,0.000664597,0.00001855429],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007188629,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004466778,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005806527,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002952244,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980969,0.0001978933,0.0008624456,0.0003145037,0.0002472959,0.0002809432],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986874,0.00007188558,0.0008010913,0.0001991651,0.00008373784,0.0001566599],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002151406,0.0006242597,0.9068196,0.00001025423,0.0004432117,0.000009272767,0.07858954,7.262161e-7,0.001025044,0.01009278,0.0005594096,0.00161074],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001321241,0.0004367067,0.9819714,0.0001491447,0.0000481307,0.0003865141,0.00907608,6.505372e-7,0.003820069,0.001366861,0.001264511,0.0001586825],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7726025,0.001682258,0.00003682685,0.001515687,0.0009435141,0.0002775933,0.00002861569,0.00001867353,0.2228944],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977414,0.00001316846,0.0004316063,0.0008931356,0.000775343,0.00001250264,0.00001267131,0.0000208569,0.00009929928],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2251389,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8245217,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2059614093","doi":"10.1016/j.jecp.2010.06.008","title":"Similarity and difference in the processing of same- and other-race faces as revealed by eye tracking in 4- to 9-month-olds","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Experimental Child Psychology","topic":"Face Recognition and Perception","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":160,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; National Institutes of Health","keywords":"Psychology; Fixation (population genetics); Race (biology); Eye tracking; Audiology; Developmental psychology; Demography; Biology; Population; Artificial intelligence; Medicine; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Shaoying Liu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Paul C. Quinn","is_ca":false},{"name":"Andrea Wheeler","is_ca":true},{"name":"Naiqi G. Xiao","is_ca":false},{"name":"Liezhong Ge","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kang Lee","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04050195708474574,"gpt":0.3970004044307199,"spread":0.3564984473459742,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003379149,0.00009113504,0.0001825512,0.0001210902,0.00005335925,0.00003362647,0.0001454771,0.00007988175,0.00006202936],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001096454,0.00006612579,0.00002199437,0.0001329552,0.0001370008,0.0001292714,0.00001856859,0.00040618,0.000001124153],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000008919828,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007796788,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002833195,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007898525,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990985,0.0001691329,0.000300186,0.0001704942,0.0001361628,0.0001255489],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996127,0.00007703028,0.0001683509,0.00007437639,0.00001352266,0.00005402465],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000156637,0.0002878551,0.02901073,0.000006298451,8.889413e-7,0.000005755358,0.009712744,4.556463e-7,0.9556198,0.00003707136,0.00005178355,0.005109968],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002034564,0.0008695109,0.7173421,0.0001747389,0.00000475444,0.000627353,0.004217006,0.00003761452,0.2731039,0.0004575889,0.0009620513,0.0001688233],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9956225,0.0003774345,0.00001202576,0.002310492,0.0001154164,0.0001404434,0.000004674123,0.000002624429,0.001414351],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9954144,0.00008201209,0.0001389649,0.004313847,0.00002964527,0.000003588654,2.015576e-7,0.000006000347,0.00001138019],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6883314,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2696531,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2004634476","doi":"10.1006/jecp.2000.2572","title":"Mothers' Responses to Sons and Daughters Engaging in Injury-Risk Behaviors on a Playground: Implications for Sex Differences in Injury Rates","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Experimental Child Psychology","topic":"Injury Epidemiology and Prevention","field":"Medicine","cited_by":158,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology; Vulnerability (computing); Developmental psychology; Injury prevention; Suicide prevention; Human factors and ergonomics; Occupational safety and health; Poison control; Medical emergency; Medicine; Computer security","authors":[{"name":"Barbara A. Morrongiello","is_ca":true},{"name":"Tess Dawber","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03662832854341694,"gpt":0.4311169266487668,"spread":0.3944885981053499,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008243234,0.0001419045,0.0003920319,0.0004411358,0.0001008084,0.000008115674,0.00009721833,0.0001368359,0.0001240496],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009184339,0.0001198688,0.00008509787,0.0001327074,0.00007601028,0.00007959273,0.00001069922,0.0004490351,0.000003789174],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006859179,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002279647,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002591392,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009769396,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985475,0.0004056053,0.0005366337,0.0002292714,0.00005722537,0.0002237945],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993002,0.000260741,0.0001705499,0.0001505789,0.00001606802,0.0001018573],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.01428614,0.00117268,0.9226733,0.000006694873,0.00006765117,0.00001182131,0.005063174,0.000002120046,0.03749901,0.0002657753,0.002293783,0.01665781],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001990383,0.004215244,0.9857542,0.000154649,0.00003007916,0.0001954595,0.001139899,0.000003926526,0.004952785,0.0006369024,0.0008078663,0.000118606],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9919096,0.0005315979,0.00005104293,0.006341559,0.0001546426,0.0004107634,0.00003276997,0.000006369818,0.000561697],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9958136,0.0002413825,0.0008133394,0.002834201,0.0001000308,0.00005579121,0.000005487097,0.00001351794,0.0001226717],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.06308086,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4888106,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1978617489","doi":"10.1016/j.jecp.2005.11.002","title":"What counts as knowing? The development of conceptual and procedural knowledge of counting from kindergarten through Grade 2","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Experimental Child Psychology","topic":"Cognitive and developmental aspects of mathematical skills","field":"Mathematics","cited_by":153,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Winnipeg; University of Alberta; Trent University; Carleton University","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Psychology; Concept learning; Procedural knowledge; Conceptual change; Knowledge level; Contrast (vision); Cognitive development; Object (grammar); Cognitive psychology; Test (biology); Developmental psychology; Social psychology; Cognition; Mathematics education; Artificial intelligence; Domain knowledge; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Jo‐Anne LeFevre","is_ca":true},{"name":"Brenda L. Smith‐Chant","is_ca":true},{"name":"Lisa Fast","is_ca":true},{"name":"Sheri‐Lynn Skwarchuk","is_ca":true},{"name":"Erin Sargla","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jesse S. Arnup","is_ca":true},{"name":"Marcie Penner‐Wilger","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jeffrey Bisanz","is_ca":true},{"name":"Deepthi Kamawar","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04983881377187539,"gpt":0.3794258634813811,"spread":0.3295870497095058,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002255152,0.0001323324,0.0003301636,0.00003978283,0.00006555066,0.00001489147,0.000173026,0.00006481619,0.000422363],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009097207,0.00008823905,0.00007216729,0.00006419127,0.0002844312,0.0002263593,0.00006739116,0.0001622547,0.00002919652],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003337856,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005299671,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001301022,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004518161,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988388,0.00004198927,0.0006632112,0.0001175005,0.0002011257,0.0001373041],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990354,0.0003150166,0.0004215111,0.00008987185,0.00009403945,0.00004421083],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001121361,0.01239083,0.00156997,0.000305958,0.002822076,0.00004006636,0.6514196,6.80381e-7,0.1015337,0.1269881,0.04513264,0.05667498],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.007537614,0.001074515,0.007873025,0.002619844,0.0001880223,0.0009668795,0.1054661,0.00001152347,0.6706573,0.1373903,0.06542861,0.0007861752],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9657047,0.005373673,0.0002044156,0.0008030915,0.0003604621,0.0001671072,0.00000228811,0.00000864285,0.02737559],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9864864,0.00007730986,0.0126355,0.0005473217,0.000159879,0.000003174978,9.837255e-7,0.00001659454,0.00007277858],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5691236,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4624579,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2039759957","doi":"10.1016/j.jecp.2011.02.001","title":"Early processing of emotional faces in children with autism: An event-related potential study","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Experimental Child Psychology","topic":"Autism Spectrum Disorder Research","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":146,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"SickKids Foundation; Hospital for Sick Children; University of Toronto","funders":"Fondation Orange","keywords":"Psychology; Autism; Developmental psychology; Event-related potential; Cognitive psychology; Cognition; Neuroscience","authors":[{"name":"Magali Batty","is_ca":false},{"name":"Emilie Meaux","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kerstin Wittemeyer","is_ca":false},{"name":"Bernadette Rogé","is_ca":false},{"name":"Margot J. Taylor","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0339242564257829,"gpt":0.3516607735168747,"spread":0.3177365170910919,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002778886,0.0001758667,0.0003170955,0.0004374132,0.0001041492,0.00002257457,0.0005429564,0.00008362418,0.0004381468],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000012756,0.0001417118,0.00006773018,0.0004093423,0.0002807258,0.0005239452,0.00006511825,0.0005395517,0.000007912246],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003833905,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006341643,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005825005,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000725254,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977678,0.0003671914,0.0006428711,0.0003537584,0.0005441838,0.0003241717],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991598,0.000009587706,0.0004897548,0.000203109,0.00001741223,0.0001203295],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002387241,0.02095588,0.7541156,0.000006039869,0.0001354387,0.0003791043,0.02313398,0.00008494818,0.1950737,0.002760161,0.00001377513,0.0009541677],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00402641,0.006300266,0.9559688,0.00003367276,0.00001170481,0.001740954,0.000678461,0.00002746589,0.03048491,0.0005919213,5.964368e-7,0.0001348462],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9969885,0.0003228763,0.00008753243,0.0002458704,0.0001251715,0.0003985206,0.00000341715,0.00001245183,0.001815659],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996786,0.00001030031,0.0001666976,0.00007076989,0.00002682434,0.000005911196,7.879529e-7,0.00002629094,0.00001388616],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2018532,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5778839,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1470632474","doi":"10.1016/j.jecp.2015.08.001","title":"The role of executive functions and theory of mind in children’s prosocial lie-telling","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Experimental Child Psychology","topic":"Deception detection and forensic psychology","field":"Psychology","cited_by":139,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Prosocial behavior; Psychology; Lying; Theory of mind; Developmental psychology; Inhibitory control; Executive functions; Social psychology; Cognitive psychology; Cognition; Neuroscience","authors":[{"name":"Shanna Williams","is_ca":true},{"name":"Kelsey Moore","is_ca":true},{"name":"Angela M. Crossman","is_ca":false},{"name":"Victoria Talwar","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02200387715141138,"gpt":0.334672749550074,"spread":0.3126688723986626,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008991009,0.0001482241,0.0003666171,0.0002832188,0.00007100235,0.000007922768,0.000215356,0.0001911801,0.0002349656],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005081579,0.0001132411,0.0001361651,0.0002161588,0.0006738071,0.00007562852,0.00003495792,0.0004137717,0.00001740831],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003422864,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000281083,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001118146,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005192269,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981976,0.0004123271,0.0008026034,0.0001874752,0.0001719643,0.000228033],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987127,0.0001195541,0.0007012595,0.0002309805,0.0001199531,0.0001155831],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.03086093,0.01023698,0.3622522,0.000008930188,0.002765305,0.00005160828,0.1261751,0.00002127004,0.06989917,0.1315489,0.0290488,0.2371309],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.02205716,0.01026517,0.6654937,0.0001224968,0.0001669319,0.008505329,0.1788055,0.000005829337,0.04054547,0.03248672,0.04086585,0.0006799081],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8883098,0.009609536,0.0001064963,0.0002466237,0.002073998,0.0001994473,0.000008914807,0.000004680655,0.09944054],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990817,0.00007866426,0.00008746904,0.0001577628,0.0002686428,0.000009797902,0.00000155557,0.00001594878,0.0002984809],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3032415,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4617838,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2102040179","doi":"10.1016/j.jecp.2005.09.003","title":"The role of phonological recoding in orthographic learning","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Experimental Child Psychology","topic":"Reading and Literacy Development","field":"Psychology","cited_by":134,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Psychology; Spelling; Lexicon; Orthographic projection; Phonology; Cognitive psychology; Phonological rule; Orthography; Reading aloud; Articulation (sociology); Reading (process); Linguistics; Artificial intelligence; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Christiane S. Kyte","is_ca":true},{"name":"Carla J. Johnson","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01560936878528977,"gpt":0.3401784428136386,"spread":0.3245690740283488,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008196047,0.0001371451,0.0002998585,0.0002842328,0.0001103744,0.00001569087,0.0003321484,0.0001325541,0.0004791782],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004132007,0.00009335799,0.0001570528,0.0002407022,0.0001434824,0.00008166028,0.00003379883,0.000686168,0.00003161901],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004153721,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001329241,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008748736,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004307939,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981789,0.0003144299,0.0008529996,0.0001851919,0.0001561109,0.0003123915],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990346,0.0001681838,0.0005079622,0.0001790466,0.00003977098,0.00007047653],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00300314,0.003005919,0.5596361,0.000004417218,0.0005193923,0.0001555082,0.04209881,0.00008719751,0.05552045,0.02624468,0.002951941,0.3067724],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003486538,0.00162212,0.5747262,0.0001234085,0.00001509996,0.002126771,0.009345084,0.00001794219,0.01016749,0.0005838274,0.3974969,0.000288603],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.891393,0.01524198,0.00001419302,0.0007685192,0.0008149888,0.00007452659,3.647705e-7,0.000009217089,0.09168322],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983559,0.0002808119,0.0006146648,0.0002886317,0.000245988,0.000008113621,7.969305e-7,0.00001351249,0.0001916035],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3945449,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5246665,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2017253093","doi":"10.1016/j.jecp.2013.08.010","title":"What basic number processing measures in kindergarten explain unique variability in first-grade arithmetic proficiency?","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Experimental Child Psychology","topic":"Cognitive and developmental aspects of mathematical skills","field":"Mathematics","cited_by":132,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Arithmetic; Fluency; Psychology; Task (project management); Developmental psychology; Mathematics; Mathematics education","authors":[{"name":"Dimona Bartelet","is_ca":false},{"name":"Anniek Vaessen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Leo Blomert","is_ca":false},{"name":"Daniel Ansari","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0379159424635311,"gpt":0.3539421021517812,"spread":0.3160261596882501,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001490792,0.0002655749,0.0005759453,0.0002469077,0.00007352579,0.0001024885,0.000324491,0.0001665501,0.0008162055],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005172162,0.0002120332,0.0001205491,0.000363979,0.000153881,0.0008486928,0.00007803214,0.0005640182,0.00005924226],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002145501,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004877177,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002377662,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000702704,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9973834,0.0003473871,0.001111665,0.0003310988,0.0004048421,0.0004216045],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986514,0.0005112127,0.0003755372,0.0002022375,0.0001161008,0.0001434695],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002496259,0.1193686,0.4340132,0.001855291,0.0008043441,0.002672381,0.140765,0.00002411613,0.05515345,0.08355223,0.01996583,0.1393293],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.007609943,0.0008200209,0.2492402,0.003219733,0.00003592445,0.002443029,0.01143641,0.0001730485,0.03877036,0.6847879,0.0004088811,0.0010545],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9776622,0.0006645821,0.00124176,0.004248496,0.0004075601,0.0007993574,6.807887e-7,0.00002948737,0.01494588],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9915991,0.00004987579,0.00748529,0.0006574209,0.00007378912,0.00006945951,6.180398e-7,0.00003383011,0.00003066],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6012357,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8936878,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2013558411","doi":"10.1016/j.jecp.2012.10.005","title":"The role of executive attention in the acquisition of mathematical skills for children in Grades 2 through 4","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Experimental Child Psychology","topic":"Cognitive and developmental aspects of mathematical skills","field":"Mathematics","cited_by":130,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Winnipeg; Trent University; University of Alberta; Carleton University","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Fluency; Psychology; Executive functions; Working memory; Cognitive psychology; Cognition; Developmental psychology; Arithmetic; Mathematics; Mathematics education","authors":[{"name":"Jo‐Anne LeFevre","is_ca":true},{"name":"Lindsay Berrigan","is_ca":true},{"name":"Corrie Vendetti","is_ca":true},{"name":"Deepthi Kamawar","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jeffrey Bisanz","is_ca":true},{"name":"Sheri‐Lynn Skwarchuk","is_ca":true},{"name":"Brenda L. Smith‐Chant","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02199067129699686,"gpt":0.361369756216155,"spread":0.3393790849191581,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00109173,0.0001396302,0.0003930418,0.00009243391,0.00005580475,0.000008903455,0.0002824803,0.00008225217,0.00003779742],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002189714,0.00007869618,0.0001960837,0.0001567058,0.0001824729,0.0001891774,0.00004101685,0.0001886354,0.000003474494],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003991296,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009824107,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000342563,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002633991,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982719,0.0001694477,0.000925468,0.00009755776,0.0002807525,0.0002548442],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981245,0.00106466,0.0005598862,0.0001531145,0.00006400225,0.00003386138],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001261749,0.02159319,0.03999487,0.000122977,0.0004459847,0.000007463524,0.04678398,4.162248e-7,0.03181352,0.8514146,0.00227043,0.00429087],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002476657,0.000693489,0.1817276,0.0004181343,0.00004481744,0.0004060799,0.01045449,0.000001850871,0.07656559,0.7269849,0.00007848159,0.0001479159],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9884673,0.001904744,0.0006229064,0.0005839186,0.0001091463,0.0005995266,0.000006943741,0.000003677692,0.007701832],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9948874,0.00005796167,0.004734972,0.000169234,0.00009765229,0.00002781418,0.000001975231,0.00001553665,0.000007513284],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1417327,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3209137,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W401040741","doi":"10.1016/j.jecp.2015.04.003","title":"Cognitive flexibility in young children: General or task-specific capacity?","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Experimental Child Psychology","topic":"Motivation and Self-Concept in Sports","field":"Psychology","cited_by":129,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"University of California, San Diego; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Psychology; Cognitive flexibility; Flexibility (engineering); Task (project management); Cognition; Cognitive psychology; Cognitive development; Developmental psychology; Neuroscience","authors":[{"name":"Gedeon O. Deák","is_ca":false},{"name":"Melody Wiseheart","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.08604974999795745,"gpt":0.3846989697443088,"spread":0.2986492197463514,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000849216,0.0002978485,0.0005753422,0.0003723883,0.00006877784,0.00002850935,0.0003601757,0.0002763329,0.004464672],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005969149,0.000245919,0.0001877413,0.0003614134,0.000312244,0.0002443306,0.00004388734,0.0007609883,0.000156799],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001772979,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005310246,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007158432,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002651807,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9971039,0.0004480914,0.00112814,0.0004872881,0.000374656,0.000457902],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984722,0.00005250708,0.0006022634,0.0003674168,0.0001718504,0.0003337397],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.008811752,0.007282253,0.8626422,0.000003835835,0.0004004535,0.0008010925,0.04906742,0.00001370274,0.00135354,0.009096907,0.0576721,0.002854784],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01287865,0.002205902,0.9594112,0.00006120084,0.00002027062,0.007492824,0.008794066,0.000001287483,0.00111964,0.0003478809,0.007230119,0.0004369627],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9040267,0.001962912,0.0001941683,0.0003235636,0.003930669,0.0003266823,0.00001754148,0.00002526326,0.08919245],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9955391,0.00003303262,0.0006914785,0.002145351,0.001029137,0.00001892856,0.00001985303,0.00003539677,0.0004877302],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.09676905,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999993,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2053860966","doi":"10.1016/j.jecp.2008.12.001","title":"Cross-linguistic relations between quantifiers and numerals in language acquisition: Evidence from Japanese","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Experimental Child Psychology","topic":"Cognitive and developmental aspects of mathematical skills","field":"Mathematics","cited_by":125,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Queen's University; University of Toronto","funders":"National Institutes of Natural Sciences; Connaught Fund; University of Toronto","keywords":"Numeral system; Linguistics; Psychology; Noun; Comprehension; Syntax; Quantifier (linguistics); Computer science; Artificial intelligence","authors":[{"name":"David Barner","is_ca":false},{"name":"Amanda Libenson","is_ca":false},{"name":"Pierina Cheung","is_ca":true},{"name":"Mayu Takasaki","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05249202335500083,"gpt":0.4250236317646338,"spread":0.372531608409633,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003780765,0.0001505223,0.0003764255,0.0001366243,0.00007321274,0.00004273182,0.0001560987,0.00009611533,0.0006127331],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005895069,0.0001278411,0.00008282152,0.0001267729,0.00009773805,0.0002095485,0.0000312182,0.0002722699,0.00003475005],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000550786,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001278731,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001637052,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003337987,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986528,0.00009117035,0.0006693264,0.0001947342,0.0002091941,0.0001827347],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986522,0.0007613405,0.0002753251,0.0001372897,0.00005695262,0.0001169477],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.003662081,0.0101151,0.4481642,0.000170708,0.00113268,0.004186264,0.2636778,0.000005863436,0.2040529,0.03799437,0.009978532,0.01685952],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002503499,0.0007483893,0.8655552,0.001137867,0.00005076859,0.0003439051,0.001947793,0.000005107444,0.01245092,0.1148722,0.00005053581,0.0003338642],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9887747,0.003224491,0.00020864,0.0009702214,0.0001489206,0.0001284731,0.000006830206,0.00001724555,0.006520472],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9934543,0.00002922869,0.00561222,0.0005641116,0.0002599234,0.000001999856,0.000002599957,0.00001296822,0.00006262463],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.417391,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6708997,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2025694543","doi":"10.1006/jecp.1999.2560","title":"Draw It Again Sam: The Effect of Drawing on Children's Suggestibility and Source Monitoring Ability","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Experimental Child Psychology","topic":"Creativity in Education and Neuroscience","field":"Psychology","cited_by":125,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Suggestibility; Psychology; Recall; Developmental psychology; False memory; MAGIC (telescope); Social psychology; Cognitive psychology","authors":[{"name":"Maggie Bruck","is_ca":false},{"name":"Laura Melnyk","is_ca":true},{"name":"Stephen J. Ceci","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01783109872377484,"gpt":0.3813526523429142,"spread":0.3635215536191393,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001027871,0.000197877,0.000359816,0.0001054965,0.0002126433,0.0000268586,0.0003673004,0.0001036921,0.0009685724],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001209571,0.0001354951,0.0001538929,0.000191335,0.0006121415,0.0000975202,0.00002803261,0.0005284122,0.0000168112],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004311244,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001309786,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003324423,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.129313e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978325,0.0007725135,0.0005320279,0.0003557955,0.0002493449,0.000257826],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984052,0.0006394083,0.0003095501,0.0004957258,0.00002518043,0.0001249061],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.004278815,0.003862576,0.7948991,0.00001575019,0.0002233396,0.00002703644,0.02736273,0.0001091524,0.08753887,0.0003557708,0.004521229,0.07680564],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001598002,0.003071124,0.9283211,0.00005111664,0.00002296606,0.0007461915,0.0005873182,0.000001452846,0.06426543,0.00002614632,0.001183085,0.0001260776],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9842649,0.0008882929,0.00001191928,0.001971941,0.001321385,0.0002492452,0.000004339737,0.00001168915,0.0112763],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987792,0.00003190945,0.0000296513,0.0006477422,0.000355782,0.000006830677,6.574128e-7,0.0000144079,0.0001337653],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.133422,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999447,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2000327969","doi":"10.1016/j.jecp.2011.08.014","title":"Knowing minds, controlling actions: The developmental relations between theory of mind and executive function from 2 to 4years of age","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Experimental Child Psychology","topic":"Child and Animal Learning Development","field":"Psychology","cited_by":125,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo; Simon Fraser University; University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology; Theory of mind; Developmental psychology; Executive functions; Age groups; Longitudinal study; Analysis of variance; Multilevel model; Cognition; Demography; Neuroscience","authors":[{"name":"Ulrich Müller","is_ca":true},{"name":"Dana P. Liebermann-Finestone","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jeremy I. M. Carpendale","is_ca":true},{"name":"Stuart I. Hammond","is_ca":true},{"name":"Maximilian B. Bibok","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06382635306981432,"gpt":0.3286494925958288,"spread":0.2648231395260144,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005183407,0.0001512306,0.0003707689,0.0002141239,0.0001274416,0.000007493082,0.0001868353,0.0001152862,0.001061704],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004638797,0.0001157061,0.0001236936,0.0001483715,0.0001801695,0.00008604665,0.00004932106,0.0003443542,0.00002420545],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003967676,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002828924,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002899342,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003087055,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984916,0.0002524533,0.0007062464,0.0002184246,0.000157159,0.0001741034],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989306,0.0002632008,0.0005225608,0.000137254,0.00005677744,0.00008957074],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0120648,0.00283405,0.3822479,0.00001185898,0.005661556,0.00009277856,0.3259132,0.00000872232,0.1803791,0.0242972,0.005043335,0.06144549],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001767831,0.0008857414,0.9674702,0.0001113155,0.00009984108,0.00009175916,0.01511832,1.912031e-7,0.008813069,0.0006497621,0.00486314,0.0001288462],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.946378,0.002161929,0.0008919468,0.0001901699,0.0006602317,0.0001999673,0.00001592205,0.000004693583,0.04949713],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9961367,0.00001122305,0.003219371,0.0002405156,0.0001827776,0.000006434984,0.000005171548,0.00001664563,0.0001811112],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5852222,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998515,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2063125573","doi":"10.1016/s0022-0965(02)00007-3","title":"Developmental patterns in priming and familiarity in explicit recollection","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Experimental Child Psychology","topic":"Memory Processes and Influences","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":125,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Toronto Western Hospital; Hospital for Sick Children; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology; Implicit memory; Priming (agriculture); Memory development; Recall; Explicit memory; Cognitive psychology; Developmental psychology; Perception; Levels-of-processing effect; Cognition; Cognitive development; Episodic memory; Neuroscience","authors":[{"name":"Rebecca L. Billingsley","is_ca":true},{"name":"Mary Lou Smith","is_ca":true},{"name":"Mary Pat McAndrews","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07928456362390228,"gpt":0.3368731383426478,"spread":0.2575885747187455,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001643118,0.00009671888,0.0001766097,0.0002546639,0.00006132312,0.00002079748,0.0001353804,0.00006079234,0.0002850442],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006135373,0.00008725162,0.00002630357,0.0002326743,0.00004030058,0.0003009916,0.00002970335,0.0002710805,0.00000540848],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007139605,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007343619,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001785973,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002211701,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998983,0.00008275727,0.0004251893,0.0002105744,0.0001248514,0.0001736764],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996909,0.00003979764,0.000162011,0.00004572823,0.000008282319,0.00005328492],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002340838,0.0011332,0.1578204,0.00001720501,0.000005362373,0.0002287227,0.007916057,0.000007204244,0.8251766,0.0001941719,0.0003605114,0.006906473],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003519334,0.0008985596,0.4785089,0.0001908228,0.000002676621,0.003578849,0.00294801,0.0001655059,0.5081739,0.0002098854,0.001518852,0.0002846912],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9868237,0.000630443,0.00001194183,0.0003197666,0.0002760994,0.00008596042,8.170085e-7,0.000003999925,0.01184728],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975678,0.0006116049,0.0001846163,0.001545478,0.00005060504,0.000005086364,8.189456e-8,0.000006322908,0.00002841892],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3206885,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3558018,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2103719847","doi":"10.1016/j.jecp.2013.08.004","title":"Development of serial processing in reading and rapid naming","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Experimental Child Psychology","topic":"Reading and Literacy Development","field":"Psychology","cited_by":122,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Reading (process); Psychology; Fluency; Contrast (vision); Serial memory processing; Rapid automatized naming; Cognition; Word (group theory); Cognitive psychology; Word recognition; Linguistics; Phonological awareness; Computer science; Artificial intelligence; Neuroscience","authors":[{"name":"Athanassios Protopapas","is_ca":false},{"name":"Angeliki Altani","is_ca":false},{"name":"George K. Georgiou","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02191675219148554,"gpt":0.3455240442930527,"spread":0.3236072921015672,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004908832,0.0001680998,0.0003908773,0.0003809902,0.00006961047,0.00002743408,0.0001786135,0.0001178576,0.0006486733],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001529327,0.000146005,0.00004989609,0.000158084,0.00008390423,0.0002204494,0.00004133065,0.0002750611,0.00001807842],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006390158,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004036248,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001282317,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.988212e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981986,0.0001018938,0.001024146,0.0002276783,0.0001611476,0.0002865815],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991559,0.00003026143,0.0005238449,0.0001266834,0.0000588314,0.0001045242],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001115758,0.002036972,0.02725178,0.00007276513,0.0002511886,0.0001332756,0.221101,0.00000352085,0.3667075,0.00136182,0.003388909,0.3765755],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.008709786,0.001011343,0.8937101,0.0009994815,0.00002154585,0.003145935,0.01958542,0.00001800677,0.04785682,0.0002215985,0.02406337,0.0006565553],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9703586,0.00330989,0.000109765,0.000249647,0.0009759173,0.0001518056,3.782516e-7,0.000007418439,0.02483658],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9829685,0.00001886168,0.01644816,0.0002788399,0.0001554226,0.00001712068,0.000001490237,0.00001941208,0.00009215786],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8664584,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7102518,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}