{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":30,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":30,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"974a2ee08365","filters":{"venue":"Journal of Financial Markets"}},"results":[{"id":"W3125064893","doi":"10.1016/j.finmar.2009.09.004","title":"Option market liquidity: Commonality and other characteristics","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Financial Markets","topic":"Financial Markets and Investment Strategies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":129,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; York University","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; National Taiwan University; Shanghai Educational Development Foundation","keywords":"Market liquidity; Liquidity crisis; Liquidity risk; Accounting liquidity; Market impact; Market maker; Economics; Financial economics; Liquidity premium; Volatility (finance); Monetary economics; Market microstructure; Business; Stock market; Order (exchange); Finance","authors":[{"name":"Melanie Cao","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jason Zhanshun Wei","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02790470877651288,"gpt":0.2267072666806645,"spread":0.1988025579041516,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001509901,0.000187125,0.0005800737,0.0001982336,0.0001161729,0.0001097522,0.0001936675,0.0001483989,0.0002458857],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005334011,0.0001898811,0.0001490271,0.0001451597,0.00008846587,0.0004283471,0.00002942313,0.0002640977,0.00001504642],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006724614,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005984075,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001472075,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002583591,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984069,0.00004756564,0.001006206,0.0001977642,0.00008030025,0.0002613028],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985451,0.00006548828,0.001009919,0.0001719721,0.00008451493,0.0001230601],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001488519,0.0005401409,0.1120029,0.00008925753,0.00004988993,0.00008835495,0.000292053,0.000001426375,0.0001684616,0.8111159,0.03109912,0.04306399],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004357803,0.0003427367,0.7202022,0.00005224873,0.000008315634,0.00003959845,0.000006072492,0.00008629487,0.00001720682,0.1174138,0.1612274,0.0001682657],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9521232,0.001901875,0.0007490719,0.001606229,0.0008737608,0.0001384667,0.00009967975,0.00001497053,0.04249277],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9954022,0.0008331003,0.0007660801,0.001985577,0.0005825413,0.000001656883,0.000001721555,0.0000130825,0.0004140883],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6937021,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7743129,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1986610593","doi":"10.1016/s1386-4181(00)00011-2","title":"Investor risk evaluation in the determination of management incentives in the mutual fund industry","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Financial Markets","topic":"Financial Markets and Investment Strategies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Mutual fund; Incentive; Business; Closed-end fund; Open-end fund; Actuarial science; Performance fee; Risk–return spectrum; Investment management; Finance; Economics; Institutional investor; Microeconomics; Portfolio; Corporate governance","authors":[{"name":"Michael K. Berkowitz","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yehuda Kotowitz","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04198677478796171,"gpt":0.2567618210247644,"spread":0.2147750462368027,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.006409974,0.0001280943,0.0002979713,0.0003562353,0.00007407469,0.00005601065,0.0004434584,0.0001469638,0.0002490554],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003966746,0.00009373346,0.000109016,0.0005386997,0.00009883412,0.0004626634,0.00001857545,0.0005019868,0.000008789818],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000114666,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007098799,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008021406,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008123186,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981045,0.0003208694,0.001021125,0.0001531761,0.0002012875,0.0001990591],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987297,0.0001657855,0.0008367983,0.0001948203,0.00005171619,0.00002118656],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009421847,0.001153083,0.4205257,0.0001259023,0.00003602012,0.00009719175,0.009552226,0.0002028738,0.000007941859,0.1227148,0.004716369,0.4399257],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009362201,0.0001659033,0.934436,0.0000819145,0.00001592725,0.000008447969,0.0004431257,0.0004208693,0.00000535106,0.04960199,0.0137864,0.00009784524],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.94802,0.001022532,0.00002957151,0.0004722246,0.0002386798,0.0003607641,0.0000140067,0.000001382302,0.04984088],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997992,0.001182214,0.0002348781,0.0003205684,0.0001421136,0.00002220965,0.000001763466,0.000006640304,0.00009761101],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5139104,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3822339,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3206121886","doi":"10.1016/j.finmar.2021.100683","title":"Media abnormal tone, earnings announcements, and the stock market","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Financial Markets","topic":"Financial Markets and Investment Strategies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke; Group for Research in Decision Analysis; HEC Montréal","funders":"Institut de Valorisation des Données; Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Earnings; Tone (literature); Stock (firearms); Post-earnings-announcement drift; Business; Economics; Event study; Earnings response coefficient; Monetary economics; Financial economics; Accounting; Biology","authors":[{"name":"David Ardia","is_ca":true},{"name":"Keven Bluteau","is_ca":true},{"name":"Kris Boudt","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01629054695868511,"gpt":0.2149362031003051,"spread":0.19864565614162,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002538147,0.0002078495,0.0006885683,0.0001566523,0.0002286471,0.0001762426,0.0002816048,0.0001268556,0.0009035],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00240779,0.0001680462,0.0002328163,0.0003051654,0.0002756305,0.0005429678,0.0001235708,0.0004115357,0.0000192705],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006102035,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002072283,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002982942,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001826868,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998074,0.0001100888,0.001077159,0.0002498642,0.0001413288,0.000347575],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981191,0.0003374669,0.00100288,0.0002259972,0.0001967004,0.0001179075],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002785522,0.0002965348,0.1188997,0.000143084,0.000205041,0.0004149139,0.001587401,0.000007997535,0.00004998196,0.7188408,0.1356023,0.02116673],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002462225,0.00009427428,0.6512231,0.00005614895,0.00002168003,0.0001377755,0.00007293566,0.00009328991,0.00001773743,0.03067767,0.3149438,0.0001993358],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7630635,0.02675286,0.0006074706,0.005698631,0.003363824,0.0002921006,0.0001377969,0.00001848718,0.2000653],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9802054,0.01024786,0.001511658,0.002185804,0.001121345,0.00001454838,0.000008422979,0.00003651798,0.004668517],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6881632,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9892691,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1974589317","doi":"10.1016/j.finmar.2012.05.001","title":"Can representativeness heuristic traders survive in a competitive securities market?","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Financial Markets","topic":"Financial Markets and Investment Strategies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"McMaster University","keywords":"Representativeness heuristic; Profit (economics); Heuristic; Profitability index; Replicate; Microeconomics; Economics; Business; Financial economics; Computer science; Finance","authors":[{"name":"Guo Ying Luo","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02832655168923364,"gpt":0.2333937159471766,"spread":0.205067164257943,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002032964,0.0002514194,0.0007969055,0.0005115888,0.00009573591,0.00006600704,0.0002922656,0.0001435611,0.0005415922],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001069599,0.0002690448,0.0002281656,0.0004068246,0.0001963169,0.0007771513,0.00005206137,0.0004106666,0.00001640495],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002253467,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001423264,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003018228,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001500281,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976775,0.0001577758,0.001237358,0.0002283358,0.0001189147,0.000580081],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983369,0.0002537651,0.0009615241,0.0001802566,0.00009343001,0.0001741177],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005262878,0.0004553059,0.5134873,0.0001361792,0.0000528904,0.0001153608,0.003378368,0.00000641458,0.00001157826,0.4732981,0.006649034,0.001883165],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001082112,0.0001464351,0.9413326,0.0001789953,0.000009864656,0.00004627733,0.0009818436,0.00003088699,0.00003058494,0.03206311,0.02379027,0.0003070164],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8557367,0.007990398,0.0001281555,0.000987955,0.002436155,0.0002747902,0.0001731985,0.00001284465,0.1322598],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972705,0.001174373,0.0002663949,0.0003022368,0.0005083347,0.00001337918,0.00000361192,0.00002597845,0.0004351473],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.441235,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999762,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2039255271","doi":"10.1016/j.finmar.2007.02.001","title":"Locked and crossed markets on NASDAQ and the NYSE","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Financial Markets","topic":"Financial Markets and Investment Strategies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Wilfrid Laurier University","funders":"","keywords":"Market liquidity; Business; Market maker; Order (exchange); Monetary economics; Stock (firearms); Financial economics; Economics; Stock market; Finance; Geography","authors":[{"name":"Andriy Shkilko","is_ca":true},{"name":"Bonnie F. Van Ness","is_ca":false},{"name":"Robert A. Van Ness","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01495494279403912,"gpt":0.2149428319187034,"spread":0.1999878891246643,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004539181,0.0002274804,0.0006355572,0.0002756325,0.000264095,0.0001673472,0.0002273689,0.0001524941,0.00008823199],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001375418,0.0001717028,0.0001573909,0.0002134726,0.0004625142,0.0003263795,0.00006714436,0.0003756451,0.00001319041],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005630907,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005994972,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003173433,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001739598,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981695,0.00005292733,0.001043364,0.0002543895,0.0001057703,0.0003740681],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981692,0.0005072997,0.000889701,0.000206267,0.00008337812,0.000144163],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.009556805,0.0002189994,0.0416943,0.00009520982,0.00008925991,0.0001766399,0.0008129576,0.000002306984,0.00006665313,0.8968654,0.01451436,0.03590708],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003310361,0.00025948,0.8460745,0.00007324981,0.00001309638,0.00007698618,0.00004905891,0.00004728972,0.00005724328,0.07057633,0.07925282,0.0002096046],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9404417,0.006273835,0.0002686625,0.001847047,0.0009803564,0.0002283883,0.00001930672,0.000009652915,0.04993109],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9956959,0.001385514,0.0003426006,0.001433689,0.0004430525,0.000003240594,6.543944e-7,0.0000204075,0.0006749677],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8262891,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7001838,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3026785392","doi":"10.1016/j.finmar.2020.100566","title":"Informed liquidity provision in a limit order market","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Financial Markets","topic":"Financial Markets and Investment Strategies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McMaster University; Wilfrid Laurier University","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Market liquidity; Patience; Transaction cost; Order (exchange); Economics; Liquidity crisis; Monetary economics; Market impact; Microeconomics; Business; Financial economics; Market microstructure; Finance","authors":[{"name":"Michael Brolley","is_ca":true},{"name":"Katya Malinova","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03402999359358973,"gpt":0.2238873766138603,"spread":0.1898573830202706,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001055376,0.0002291717,0.0007195065,0.000321811,0.00006966842,0.00009137434,0.0003906099,0.0001872687,0.0007889197],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004869574,0.0002291576,0.000205289,0.0006635503,0.00007175548,0.0008857436,0.00009176681,0.0004396806,0.00006987347],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001322686,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004703538,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003300809,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003549286,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976696,0.00004499504,0.001518919,0.0002621336,0.0001169541,0.0003874057],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983047,0.0001543491,0.001051384,0.000162366,0.0001304959,0.0001967148],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.01125908,0.001386279,0.291599,0.001239289,0.0001366583,0.0008679517,0.004970829,0.0001966902,0.0002457023,0.1986309,0.4484547,0.04101291],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002115315,0.0009305915,0.6946326,0.0001823073,0.000007958016,0.00002018709,0.00006051518,0.0008660035,0.0000616647,0.01892297,0.2817985,0.0004013394],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8884795,0.002056701,0.0004921664,0.006589635,0.001124603,0.000382353,0.00004979752,0.00002369698,0.1008015],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9936485,0.00152564,0.0015616,0.002384396,0.0005489434,0.000008192242,0.000002365142,0.00002514802,0.000295212],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4030336,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9344776,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2805197415","doi":"10.1016/j.finmar.2018.05.002","title":"Proximity and litigation: Evidence from the geographic location of institutional investors","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Financial Markets","topic":"Corporate Finance and Governance","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University; Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Institutional investor; Business; Lawsuit; Shareholder; Location; Portfolio; Litigation risk analysis; Geographical distance; Finance; Accounting; Corporate governance; Geography; Law","authors":[{"name":"Mieszko Mazur","is_ca":false},{"name":"Galla Salganik‐Shoshan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Thomas Walker","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jun Wang","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02164591663011023,"gpt":0.2147100593788085,"spread":0.1930641427486982,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006186052,0.00007657024,0.0001329964,0.00006770566,0.0001520792,0.00005073187,0.0001778895,0.00004370481,0.00002408525],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001363268,0.00005501368,0.00004160303,0.0005023119,0.0002819444,0.001566839,0.00004590274,0.0001133679,0.000005648123],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001563866,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001860512,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003736436,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002439735,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992245,0.00001491815,0.0003190806,0.00009254051,0.00026438,0.00008461517],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981518,0.00008446196,0.0008088425,0.0001043007,0.0008418257,0.000008730868],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002924402,0.000040033,0.9679049,0.00007736789,0.00001083623,0.000006644814,0.0000808934,0.000009972042,0.0003415944,0.006770502,0.005281249,0.0191836],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002442398,0.00002793237,0.9778112,0.0006496605,0.00002859295,0.000004451193,0.000006523735,0.0001305927,0.00008725141,0.006096823,0.01485129,0.00006146714],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9956552,0.0009060975,0.0008912029,0.001743169,0.0005055285,0.00008122487,0.000002615685,0.000003907345,0.0002110829],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9966979,0.0001391916,0.0001860139,0.0007343848,0.002222284,0.000001665844,9.122765e-7,0.000003567465,0.00001410597],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01912214,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2243393,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2014002026","doi":"10.1016/j.finmar.2011.08.002","title":"Order revelation at market openings","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Financial Markets","topic":"Auction Theory and Applications","field":"Decision Sciences","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Revelation; Order (exchange); Economics; Business; Finance; Philosophy; Theology","authors":[{"name":"Archishman Chakraborty","is_ca":true},{"name":"Michael S. Pagano","is_ca":false},{"name":"Robert A. Schwartz","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.08961600966399559,"gpt":0.3350789773413462,"spread":0.2454629676773506,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004846861,0.00008949507,0.000221282,0.0002066173,0.0002204645,0.00004430137,0.0005243848,0.00008143132,0.01035451],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005281487,0.00006548037,0.0001308689,0.0006445737,0.00007829015,0.0005364692,0.00009330301,0.0001699892,0.0002910221],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000475937,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001261217,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002217167,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005508457,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980261,0.000224742,0.0008224589,0.0001588951,0.0006287126,0.0001390399],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.997474,0.0004444433,0.0009682886,0.0002520418,0.000750878,0.0001104082],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00267656,0.0001691312,0.03293281,0.000005265853,0.00002567544,0.00005926486,0.002065686,0.000008151816,0.001543176,0.02622008,0.7076657,0.2266285],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003698848,0.00007905871,0.5434372,0.00002051547,0.00001562993,0.0001901032,0.00007787203,0.00004282666,0.001052828,0.1217816,0.3328204,0.0001120875],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7843887,0.0001197509,0.03087795,0.0009774924,0.001155831,0.0001626954,0.000008223356,0.00001349521,0.1822959],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9665246,0.00002446983,0.007076303,0.0003114749,0.0002827301,0.000003452535,3.318679e-7,0.000008044103,0.02576859],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5105044,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9905502,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3127380563","doi":"10.1016/j.finmar.2021.100621","title":"Fast traders make a quick buck: The role of speed in liquidity provision","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Financial Markets","topic":"Financial Markets and Investment Strategies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research","keywords":"Market liquidity; Adverse selection; Equity (law); Stock exchange; Monetary economics; Business; Stock (firearms); Event study; Private information retrieval; Terrorism; Market maker; Economics; Financial economics; Actuarial science; Finance; Computer science; Computer security; Stock market","authors":[{"name":"Markus Baldauf","is_ca":true},{"name":"Joshua Mollner","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01771384826817715,"gpt":0.2106605522365693,"spread":0.1929467039683921,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001398903,0.0001748142,0.0006308259,0.0002346065,0.00006710061,0.00005783317,0.0003299305,0.0001478856,0.0001858728],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009161512,0.0001493835,0.0002814065,0.0004717889,0.0001219475,0.0002925079,0.00006689713,0.0003826409,0.00001039388],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009304765,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003718375,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008316312,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001051131,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979562,0.00008067627,0.001315044,0.0002221793,0.0001221987,0.0003037568],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983602,0.0001184745,0.001069522,0.0002511169,0.0001311973,0.00006953516],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00270546,0.002226238,0.1923486,0.0003879741,0.0001555305,0.0004859766,0.004483674,0.0003376481,0.005459169,0.6577383,0.007253571,0.1264178],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001380709,0.0003973685,0.7984029,0.000217059,0.00001432743,0.00006351618,0.0005364168,0.0003963523,0.002091375,0.08389745,0.1123243,0.0002782128],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9547457,0.005992264,0.00006800387,0.001494253,0.0007617584,0.0001698965,0.00004259005,0.000004733907,0.03672079],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976794,0.001118676,0.000277115,0.0002549802,0.0002656807,0.000002493847,0.000002077318,0.00001630566,0.0003833192],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6060542,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6091681,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385575662","doi":"10.1016/j.finmar.2023.100859","title":"Does stock market rescue affect investment efficiency in the real sector?","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Financial Markets","topic":"Corporate Finance and Governance","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Business; Stock (firearms); Stock market; Investment (military); Affect (linguistics); Monetary economics; Crash; Finance; Economics","authors":[{"name":"Ling Jin","is_ca":false},{"name":"Zhisheng Li","is_ca":false},{"name":"Lei Lü","is_ca":true},{"name":"Xiaoran Ni","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01587277084938536,"gpt":0.2281838777180047,"spread":0.2123111068686194,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002530531,0.0001774477,0.0002861152,0.0003270537,0.0001341862,0.0001331591,0.0005197559,0.0000757799,0.00008698492],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006283708,0.0000958248,0.0001538251,0.001417803,0.00004823874,0.0006721205,0.00008779186,0.0003177299,0.00005299844],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006535987,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001246857,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002231164,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006503335,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983642,0.00006327041,0.0004923531,0.0001798181,0.0005452436,0.0003551274],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989179,0.0001594197,0.0005581972,0.000224734,0.0001265951,0.00001319907],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001276125,0.0003390098,0.4961031,0.000340926,0.00001961698,0.001688953,0.0003170964,0.0002117764,0.0003476831,0.005218855,0.476702,0.01743485],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006989723,0.00004363488,0.9179568,0.0001675098,0.0000190153,0.000006694938,0.00004304773,0.0003906289,0.000008400814,0.002155317,0.07836916,0.0001408373],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9835927,0.00005985193,0.00002065822,0.001910938,0.001400611,0.0002404102,0.000005128476,0.00002389818,0.01274577],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9952683,0.0002214561,0.00001914895,0.00175111,0.001971994,0.00001210717,0.000001814752,0.00001703723,0.0007369903],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4218537,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3907622,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3122746899","doi":"10.1016/j.finmar.2020.100601","title":"Do speed bumps curb low-latency investment? Evidence from a laboratory market","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Financial Markets","topic":"Financial Markets and Investment Strategies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"The Scarborough Hospital; University of Toronto","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Latency (audio); Investment (military); High-frequency trading; Low latency (capital markets); Algorithmic trading; Return on investment; Business; Monetary economics; Computer science; Economics; Telecommunications; Finance; Microeconomics","authors":[{"name":"Mariana Khapko","is_ca":true},{"name":"Marius Zoican","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03726461604341617,"gpt":0.224186820751581,"spread":0.1869222047081649,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001358785,0.0004046373,0.001060973,0.000270415,0.0001543091,0.0002392256,0.0007688305,0.0002596703,0.002411794],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003653429,0.0004163713,0.0003816852,0.000705177,0.000162745,0.001510248,0.0001427968,0.0006104734,0.000277097],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001814562,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004401357,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007814451,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005955444,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9967343,0.0001215164,0.001849186,0.0005496533,0.0002229734,0.000522408],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9968718,0.0002613782,0.001812847,0.0003698627,0.0002432915,0.0004408229],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.004758872,0.0008364163,0.2477241,0.0005448807,0.0003941236,0.00116234,0.00355277,0.00006242933,0.002387685,0.0878743,0.6447566,0.005945459],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002114218,0.0008737553,0.7776329,0.0007941471,0.00005764901,0.00001438088,0.00009801538,0.0006400738,0.0004527914,0.05869827,0.1577321,0.0008917553],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.932828,0.02162197,0.0003212,0.005061683,0.002381844,0.0003806085,0.0004084535,0.00004857714,0.03694763],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9844555,0.004616181,0.00193057,0.00662597,0.001978051,0.000007220709,0.000005473697,0.00006282081,0.0003182023],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5299087,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998288,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3123227558","doi":"10.1016/j.finmar.2018.12.006","title":"Nominal stock price anchors: A global phenomenon?","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Financial Markets","topic":"Financial Markets and Investment Strategies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Economics; Stock (firearms); Cost price; Phenomenon; Stock price; Monetary economics; Exploit; Stock market bubble; Financial economics; Econometrics; Stock market; Geography","authors":[{"name":"Kee‐Hong Bae","is_ca":true},{"name":"Utpal Bhattacharya","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jisok Kang","is_ca":false},{"name":"S. Ghon Rhee","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02304271213997656,"gpt":0.2343024514371416,"spread":0.211259739297165,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001301368,0.0002783361,0.0007145015,0.0002403855,0.0002097436,0.0001377916,0.0005296648,0.000176279,0.0008974633],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007010036,0.0002842279,0.0002798332,0.0005424211,0.0002453874,0.0007423399,0.00009061131,0.0002719905,0.0002723078],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003210305,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002709951,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005359178,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002120208,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976096,0.00004018426,0.001343756,0.0003348363,0.0001310468,0.0005405749],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978015,0.00005092228,0.001385406,0.0002929996,0.0002594721,0.0002096451],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002278135,0.00084224,0.1023799,0.000130183,0.0001652458,0.0001766088,0.0007159924,0.000006938781,0.0001255029,0.7490156,0.1131372,0.03102647],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001168809,0.001170684,0.5950117,0.00008758579,0.00001551076,0.00008941795,0.00003320588,0.00009914804,0.0000324512,0.09623712,0.3056909,0.0003634961],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7459636,0.002908,0.002998121,0.0007680881,0.003253194,0.0002341427,0.0001137558,0.00002449775,0.2437366],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9926022,0.0002157745,0.002855978,0.0008330444,0.002793391,0.000006722683,0.000001801454,0.00002411495,0.000666928],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6527784,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999961,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4294754970","doi":"10.1016/j.finmar.2022.100785","title":"Liquid speed: A micro-burst fee for low-latency exchanges","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Financial Markets","topic":"Auction Theory and Applications","field":"Decision Sciences","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; Wilfrid Laurier University","funders":"Connaught Fund","keywords":"Market liquidity; Business; Revenue; Arbitrage; Monetary economics; Incentive; Finance; Economics; Microeconomics","authors":[{"name":"Michael Brolley","is_ca":true},{"name":"Marius Zoican","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05229636228049125,"gpt":0.3423942052269267,"spread":0.2900978429464354,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004109521,0.0001073245,0.0002897245,0.0003114936,0.0005891268,0.00006940764,0.0008031282,0.00004792122,0.001619194],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002360623,0.0000878248,0.0002939846,0.0006070521,0.00006629441,0.0002367556,0.0001411731,0.0002595956,0.00003898439],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007211753,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002395489,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000127892,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002616558,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978453,0.0002094825,0.000780914,0.0002062095,0.0007458705,0.0002122054],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9974832,0.0007900395,0.0009168407,0.0002576851,0.000443184,0.0001090568],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.01007743,0.001111021,0.001535987,0.00003317941,0.00006004809,0.00009874487,0.00196677,0.0006080804,0.03875254,0.02953672,0.6952487,0.2209708],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008341309,0.0008052478,0.01681202,0.00001870586,0.00002630767,0.0002401771,0.0006698897,0.00005129035,0.002270089,0.08782271,0.8902659,0.0001835234],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9819449,0.0005031075,0.007335326,0.005270559,0.002073443,0.0002921705,0.0001100571,0.00001256524,0.002457849],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9896207,0.000045434,0.001308094,0.0007764203,0.00106819,0.00003075529,0.000001735013,0.00001522647,0.007133387],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2207873,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9992934,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2789022759","doi":"10.1016/j.finmar.2021.100632","title":"Speed segmentation on exchanges: Competition for slow flow","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Financial Markets","topic":"Financial Markets and Investment Strategies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Bank of Canada; Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Stock exchange; Business; Competition (biology); Industrial organization; Order (exchange); Stock (firearms); Monetary economics; Market segmentation; Quality (philosophy); Segmentation; Economics; Computer science; Marketing; Finance; Engineering; Artificial intelligence","authors":[{"name":"Lisa R. Anderson","is_ca":true},{"name":"Emad Andrews","is_ca":true},{"name":"Baiju Devani","is_ca":true},{"name":"Michael Mueller","is_ca":true},{"name":"Adrian Walton","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03406718733883023,"gpt":0.2358794449249795,"spread":0.2018122575861493,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007460607,0.0001586406,0.0004505097,0.0002153705,0.0001271199,0.0000921745,0.0001348029,0.0001132287,0.0004119572],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007023015,0.0001714731,0.0002610136,0.0002031905,0.00003681902,0.0003503216,0.00001932165,0.0001558429,0.00004244764],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001357804,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001227778,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004723225,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008017215,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998639,0.00003226217,0.0007841453,0.0002185431,0.00008377287,0.000242218],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987068,0.0001247333,0.0007355745,0.0001482137,0.0002073898,0.00007732246],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001534209,0.0008022473,0.004022744,0.0002969476,0.0001077315,0.0001401211,0.000536476,0.0002637605,0.001528349,0.8846725,0.06727566,0.03881932],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005370412,0.001778621,0.2633626,0.0004339095,0.00004566622,0.00008520228,0.0001991981,0.001328829,0.004476965,0.2994725,0.4227298,0.0007163307],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8721909,0.004840875,0.01787863,0.005464279,0.00899989,0.0007522994,0.0005886031,0.000037087,0.08924743],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9731441,0.002325168,0.01534153,0.003146628,0.002744257,0.00002517502,0.00008975491,0.00006019774,0.003123203],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5851999,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6992469,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3171817479","doi":"10.1016/j.finmar.2021.100655","title":"Information and liquidity of over-the-counter securities: Evidence from public registration of Rule 144A bonds","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Financial Markets","topic":"Financial Markets and Investment Strategies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Wilfrid Laurier University; University of Waterloo","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Market liquidity; Bond; Issuer; Transparency (behavior); Business; Corporate bond; Bond market; Information asymmetry; Liquidity crisis; Bond market index; Ex-ante; Monetary economics; Economics; Financial system; Financial economics; Accounting; Finance; Law","authors":[{"name":"Song Han","is_ca":false},{"name":"Alan Guoming Huang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Madhu Kalimipalli","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ke Wang","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02624965394991998,"gpt":0.2200186075755352,"spread":0.1937689536256152,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001228708,0.0001188132,0.0004378655,0.0001545807,0.00007214764,0.0001051907,0.0001926483,0.0001156166,0.0002049846],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002211297,0.0001092443,0.0001270507,0.000222691,0.0001475436,0.002010598,0.00005851129,0.0001781302,0.000002444925],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000519675,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002862403,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001885867,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004874498,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982154,0.00004625395,0.001357145,0.000102635,0.0001301466,0.0001484378],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9972696,0.0002195363,0.001926567,0.0002030164,0.0003323615,0.00004897543],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00199501,0.0006782292,0.2909905,0.001479931,0.000310493,0.00004549574,0.008849011,0.00004578578,0.002514831,0.5969608,0.06819465,0.02793519],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005661492,0.0002538827,0.9071945,0.0003783592,0.00001726283,0.00001537696,0.0001911742,0.0001764798,0.0008059103,0.05095548,0.0392976,0.0001478101],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9853847,0.007488356,0.0004213548,0.0009791077,0.0004819027,0.00007704213,0.0001484629,0.000002949996,0.005016142],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9944477,0.004713798,0.0003502489,0.0002282965,0.0001741835,0.000002728949,0.000007342197,0.000005714815,0.00006995735],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.616204,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4454854,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4378625661","doi":"10.1016/j.finmar.2023.100849","title":"Retail trading and analyst coverage","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Financial Markets","topic":"Financial Markets and Investment Strategies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"The Scarborough Hospital; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Business; Stock (firearms); Shock (circulatory); Information asymmetry; Empirical evidence; Monetary economics; Financial economics; Economics; Finance","authors":[{"name":"Charles Martineau","is_ca":true},{"name":"Marius Zoican","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03230619829441469,"gpt":0.2174897409881705,"spread":0.1851835426937558,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001475974,0.0001550685,0.0005333861,0.0005109151,0.0001386498,0.0001072797,0.0001872506,0.0001099969,0.0002485356],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006942075,0.0001580958,0.0001783118,0.0005661494,0.00007548165,0.0004995761,0.00004535657,0.0002280776,0.00005711745],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005633086,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006399459,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001686416,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005543643,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985287,0.0000258528,0.0008685387,0.0002025631,0.0000763909,0.0002980077],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989109,0.0001001191,0.0006826554,0.0001398598,0.00005280462,0.0001136658],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005586569,0.0001687894,0.2273026,0.0002252951,0.0001616863,0.0006014935,0.00090693,0.00003195423,0.0003796331,0.6232126,0.1021294,0.04432096],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006819773,0.0001844912,0.7520341,0.00006184542,0.00001260943,0.00004135831,0.00002998499,0.0004955354,0.00002809711,0.09632529,0.1498916,0.000213108],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9423665,0.002220556,0.0002362396,0.0009176024,0.0009630629,0.00008796646,0.00003996145,0.00002417944,0.05314396],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9951855,0.002556409,0.0001913245,0.0002818553,0.0003625875,0.000002664074,0.000002573828,0.00001848535,0.001398608],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5268873,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6446961,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399436163","doi":"10.1016/j.finmar.2024.100927","title":"The volatility of stock investor returns","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Financial Markets","topic":"Financial Markets and Investment Strategies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Volatility (finance); Volatility risk premium; Economics; Stock (firearms); Volatility swap; Volatility smile; Financial economics; Implied volatility; Monetary economics; Equity (law); Econometrics","authors":[{"name":"Ilia D. Dichev","is_ca":false},{"name":"Xin Zheng","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02624783214756428,"gpt":0.2291572836176218,"spread":0.2029094514700575,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002220966,0.000159084,0.0004650192,0.0002091958,0.0001365723,0.0001288868,0.0003803294,0.0001211377,0.0001472894],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001258389,0.0001201163,0.000329572,0.0003625574,0.0002025592,0.0004579915,0.00005107279,0.0003695739,0.0000208806],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001005596,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000263498,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003242343,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002321866,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981015,0.00004542551,0.001299216,0.0001858974,0.0001066624,0.0002612845],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985296,0.0002814823,0.0007349481,0.0002489067,0.0001214547,0.00008362149],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003947242,0.0001103081,0.0204651,0.0002321124,0.00009978004,0.00005067822,0.0005420311,0.000003732426,0.000141923,0.8765353,0.08196841,0.0194559],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002522945,0.0002861548,0.3519005,0.0001611507,0.00001443063,0.00002293388,0.00002752645,0.0006132554,0.00009839964,0.1857728,0.4606926,0.0001580401],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9108732,0.03494824,0.0004285495,0.002180919,0.004910907,0.0002161742,0.00009841713,0.0000209862,0.04632257],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9963201,0.001520464,0.0003204223,0.0001275719,0.0005112239,0.000004211429,8.626778e-7,0.00001848804,0.00117662],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6907625,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4898201,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404032368","doi":"10.1016/j.finmar.2024.100946","title":"An ETF-based measure of stock price fragility","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Financial Markets","topic":"Financial Markets and Investment Strategies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Fragility; Economics; Measure (data warehouse); Financial economics; Stock (firearms); Econometrics; Chemistry; Computer science; Geography","authors":[{"name":"Hamilton Galindo Gil","is_ca":false},{"name":"Renato Lazo-Paz","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0263186300876709,"gpt":0.2374612331589278,"spread":0.2111426030712568,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002368146,0.0002124355,0.0006599874,0.0004459131,0.00007708417,0.0001068624,0.0003960186,0.0001914157,0.0004329022],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006903445,0.0002060862,0.000346779,0.0004844139,0.0001184748,0.000737754,0.0000234084,0.0004015059,0.00002464009],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001256014,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005064418,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004701841,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009967099,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978954,0.00006588252,0.001300707,0.0002901964,0.0001515219,0.0002962463],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984846,0.0001324372,0.0007415918,0.0003052549,0.0001970649,0.0001391078],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002135981,0.001706846,0.08046363,0.001575443,0.0002412548,0.0003385635,0.0009906559,0.0003403057,0.001783472,0.8086189,0.03608418,0.06572077],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009325424,0.001186687,0.7673897,0.0004755397,0.00003544397,0.00002651348,0.00002877222,0.002750048,0.000620052,0.07207008,0.1540328,0.000451791],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9391763,0.01196245,0.00739877,0.0008062479,0.002827729,0.0002597719,0.0001854605,0.00003980505,0.03734345],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975851,0.0001923277,0.001404571,0.00022198,0.0004293835,0.000004779264,0.000003048499,0.00002624775,0.0001326255],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7365488,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8403952,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3125559721","doi":"10.1016/j.finmar.2020.100602","title":"Broker routing decisions in limit order markets","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"Journal of Financial Markets","topic":"Corporate Finance and Governance","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Wilfrid Laurier University","funders":"","keywords":"Market liquidity; Adverse selection; Business; Equity (law); Order (exchange); Market maker; Short interest ratio; Finance","authors":[{"name":"David A. Cimon","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02719126496360065,"gpt":0.236934073692015,"spread":0.2097428087284143,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001441289,0.0004790752,0.001002602,0.0005216664,0.0001192427,0.0003465487,0.0009594844,0.0004193706,0.0001923505],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005896611,0.0004603286,0.0004241228,0.001058551,0.00005056958,0.000965622,0.000990772,0.001811436,0.0001171094],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001598741,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006722544,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001612288,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002752872,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9966963,0.00004674657,0.001490653,0.0004933784,0.0007663468,0.0005065948],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.995598,0.0002282052,0.002984609,0.0003849973,0.000760928,0.00004326761],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.004826171,0.0007355842,0.4148906,0.0008266005,0.0001283061,0.005480541,0.0002074621,0.001417398,0.0002500067,0.0042134,0.3186548,0.2483692],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001118944,0.00001676083,0.8153647,0.001892728,0.0000775835,0.00001762151,0.00001329189,0.001129419,0.000005839426,0.008708341,0.171212,0.0004428482],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9718116,0.000909133,0.002469386,0.006472153,0.004914768,0.0004479798,0.00002855076,0.00004208775,0.01290435],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9892524,0.000808129,0.001125468,0.003160275,0.005244901,0.00001067486,0.00001021555,0.00006748665,0.0003204634],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4004741,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997848,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4362634212","doi":"10.1016/j.finmar.2023.100835","title":"Quarterly investment spikes, stock returns, and the investment factor","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Financial Markets","topic":"Financial Markets and Investment Strategies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Economics; Stock (firearms); Volatility (finance); Monetary economics; Financial economics; Capital asset pricing model; Debt; Quarter (Canadian coin); Investment (military); Investment style; Return on investment; Finance; Open-ended investment company; Macroeconomics","authors":[{"name":"Michela Altieri","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jan Schnitzler","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0260988885336644,"gpt":0.2189516955329502,"spread":0.1928528069992858,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001874897,0.000275376,0.000743826,0.0003870665,0.0002347125,0.0001826886,0.0003774858,0.0001470063,0.0001277509],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000600431,0.0002056693,0.0002663491,0.0004734867,0.0003187482,0.0004732597,0.00007218364,0.0003723686,0.00008583564],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001155955,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001403807,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006977718,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002337846,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977484,0.00009764532,0.001268207,0.0002919718,0.0001574418,0.0004363346],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981276,0.0002103792,0.001098396,0.0003042737,0.00008334856,0.0001760017],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007169494,0.0001244832,0.01378847,0.00009808226,0.00009263203,0.00009795899,0.002706291,0.000004981786,0.00004562226,0.9021987,0.07356607,0.006559787],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002984949,0.0006306584,0.5895179,0.00008923274,0.00002128403,0.00004236226,0.0002087278,0.0001832161,0.0000207596,0.2334911,0.1724886,0.0003211873],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9588708,0.006875683,0.00008733415,0.004876784,0.002180101,0.0005507617,0.000104278,0.00004311656,0.02641116],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9910749,0.002512211,0.0003211618,0.003798734,0.0006622131,0.00003322697,0.000005667423,0.0000378117,0.001554049],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6687076,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.838695,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410015411","doi":"10.1016/j.finmar.2025.100982","title":"Queuing and inventories in limit order markets","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Financial Markets","topic":"Supply Chain and Inventory Management","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Canadian Securities Institute Research Foundation; Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council; Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; Fondation du Risque; Tianjin University","keywords":"Limit (mathematics); Order (exchange); Economics; Queueing theory; Econometrics; Business; Financial economics; Mathematical economics; Mathematics; Statistics; Finance","authors":[{"name":"Corey Garriott","is_ca":false},{"name":"Vincent van Kervel","is_ca":false},{"name":"Marius Zoican","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008744308822621819,"gpt":0.215022553975223,"spread":0.2062782451526012,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001180339,0.0001504754,0.0002822525,0.0007366613,0.00008911845,0.0001855705,0.0002105524,0.00007255671,0.0001390052],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00104586,0.0001391261,0.0000710649,0.0007115404,0.00005267308,0.0008659004,0.0001900285,0.0002180512,0.000006880662],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006686373,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007395949,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005847706,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001276995,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988544,0.0000272578,0.0005075133,0.0001488743,0.0002229296,0.0002390226],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993081,0.00006748514,0.0003014312,0.0001126912,0.0001953477,0.00001491605],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0016411,0.0004158632,0.4714101,0.001254793,0.00009534419,0.0004241633,0.0002408641,0.00003387401,0.0001968568,0.1143874,0.2213904,0.1885093],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001121697,0.00001314991,0.5291396,0.000448857,0.00003700176,0.000003502552,0.0001493256,0.0004957885,0.00001604512,0.008927229,0.4595005,0.0001472439],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9016212,0.001187253,0.0002935631,0.004543012,0.002672833,0.000233797,6.017329e-7,0.00002265799,0.08942515],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9935961,0.0002121841,0.0001999346,0.003644023,0.0008377202,0.000005530963,0.000001070861,0.000012521,0.001490927],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2381102,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5673399,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4398196931","doi":"10.1016/j.finmar.2024.100914","title":"Firm visibility, liquidity, and valuation for thinly traded assets","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Financial Markets","topic":"Financial Markets and Investment Strategies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Peking University; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Market liquidity; Valuation (finance); Business; Immediacy; Liquidity crisis; Monetary economics; Economics; Financial economics; Finance","authors":[{"name":"Bing Han","is_ca":true},{"name":"Xinming Huang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Qi Liu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yu‐Jane Liu","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05025416150743826,"gpt":0.2677861323488673,"spread":0.2175319708414291,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00267029,0.0001856244,0.000489114,0.0003184005,0.0001232988,0.0002635279,0.0001855092,0.000167093,0.00009441331],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001079546,0.0001805277,0.0002532247,0.0002083323,0.00007720309,0.0008030609,0.0000407744,0.0002405439,0.00001468454],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001066336,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001912481,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001532733,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008461178,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983094,0.00003458266,0.0009986692,0.0003011575,0.00009327072,0.0002629147],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989452,0.0002755352,0.0004312062,0.0001452089,0.0001044379,0.00009834979],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006956689,0.0002592816,0.007935522,0.0007302337,0.0001198104,0.00005577849,0.0007408399,0.00001878038,0.0003894669,0.8897639,0.05511147,0.04417923],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006983153,0.0006896949,0.3062884,0.0001771127,0.00003093314,0.00004471187,0.00001329104,0.002040899,0.0001141485,0.5300991,0.1595523,0.0002510559],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.960016,0.01785821,0.006741522,0.003467131,0.003678827,0.000491393,0.0001682692,0.00003716507,0.007541456],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9957966,0.001266195,0.001505407,0.0002558627,0.0007657937,0.00001446658,0.000005187117,0.00002522701,0.0003652884],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3596648,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7361707,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4413052882","doi":"10.1016/j.finmar.2025.101000","title":"Liquidity spillovers: Evidence from two-step spinoffs","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Financial Markets","topic":"Financial Markets and Investment Strategies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"Fulbright Canada; Carleton University","keywords":"Market liquidity; Economics; Monetary economics; Business","authors":[{"name":"Yakov Amihud","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sahn-Wook Huh","is_ca":true},{"name":"Avanidhar Subrahmanyam","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03138471894704447,"gpt":0.2512925580476014,"spread":0.2199078391005569,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001388206,0.0002618601,0.0007908419,0.0004129127,0.0001503255,0.0001556955,0.0005897753,0.0001774662,0.0005624651],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00245171,0.0002701869,0.0003846196,0.0004594597,0.0001291103,0.0009901533,0.0001230184,0.0004066431,0.0001088345],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002300192,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003281836,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000450862,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000504883,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976651,0.000058045,0.001421981,0.0003585823,0.0001164545,0.000379842],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979063,0.0002839253,0.001154408,0.0003672732,0.0001698506,0.000118211],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002584656,0.0004564555,0.2206712,0.0002081681,0.000269313,0.0002630469,0.0003880551,0.0000736052,0.0006396393,0.5663716,0.1718035,0.03627068],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001256085,0.00028074,0.6517985,0.0007012823,0.0000331309,0.000007220008,0.0000262118,0.0002577306,0.0003236271,0.1175369,0.2274479,0.0003306669],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9192433,0.0180695,0.00383604,0.002125121,0.004961335,0.0002179892,0.00008984512,0.00002431822,0.05143257],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98969,0.003282409,0.003423234,0.001260315,0.001035847,0.000005356617,0.000002719006,0.00001948009,0.001280654],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4488347,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999975,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4387860013","doi":"10.1016/j.finmar.2023.100867","title":"Private information disclosure in the secondary loan market and its impact on equity market trading costs","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Financial Markets","topic":"Financial Markets and Investment Strategies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Lethbridge","funders":"","keywords":"Business; Equity (law); Secondary market; Private information retrieval; Finance; Monetary economics; Economics; Stock exchange","authors":[{"name":"Anthony Saunders","is_ca":false},{"name":"Pei Shao","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yuchao Xiao","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02296900357559943,"gpt":0.2575834734822639,"spread":0.2346144699066645,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004694298,0.000268867,0.0005639333,0.0007211892,0.0001778802,0.0002696709,0.0004380583,0.0001643968,0.0005431917],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001071061,0.0002040416,0.00021635,0.0007398318,0.00006364158,0.001620525,0.00009824145,0.0005849673,0.00004024346],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002272556,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001421529,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002311662,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001418073,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978472,0.0001232588,0.00118176,0.0001975457,0.0001771697,0.000473056],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983839,0.0003310126,0.0009175224,0.0002040923,0.00005472294,0.0001087728],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.004344414,0.0004810088,0.1027228,0.0005609549,0.0001482209,0.0003636552,0.003017238,0.00003440468,0.00005397032,0.2552883,0.5235079,0.1094771],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001012283,0.0004607982,0.9262836,0.0001577946,0.000007362014,0.00004355279,0.00008510055,0.001395155,0.000008468298,0.02806785,0.04224783,0.000230235],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8561127,0.0006619268,0.00001451402,0.001244714,0.0006418593,0.000307245,0.0001850355,0.0000150585,0.1408169],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975029,0.001378935,0.00003245352,0.0006197952,0.0002308938,0.00001208738,0.000008802832,0.00001617951,0.0001979553],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8235608,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8320574,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4413292818","doi":"10.1016/j.finmar.2025.101008","title":"International corporate bond returns: Uncovering predictability using machine learning","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Financial Markets","topic":"Financial Markets and Investment Strategies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University; University of Manitoba; University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Predictability; Corporate bond; Bond; Economics; Business; Financial economics; Financial system; Finance; Mathematics","authors":[{"name":"Delong Li","is_ca":true},{"name":"Lei Lü","is_ca":true},{"name":"Zhen Qi","is_ca":true},{"name":"Guofu Zhou","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02980709174554554,"gpt":0.2313515646474815,"spread":0.2015444729019359,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001639417,0.0001920353,0.0005303698,0.0004292994,0.00016063,0.0001293876,0.0003556775,0.0001428552,0.0002363176],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001668832,0.0002027931,0.0002275602,0.0003659954,0.00009255256,0.0006520793,0.0001118199,0.0004951018,0.000007975775],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002831164,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002063612,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009510715,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001903693,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981183,0.00004034729,0.001226016,0.0002514197,0.0001006684,0.0002632687],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979197,0.00008527065,0.001589117,0.0001646452,0.0001708002,0.00007042538],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001042172,0.0002659507,0.8444558,0.0001548362,0.0001583674,0.00008491378,0.0002100607,0.0005641066,0.0005750816,0.1434292,0.004447613,0.004611825],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001593742,0.0002168896,0.649298,0.0003178647,0.00002911172,0.00003832718,0.0000436947,0.006073996,0.0002694383,0.1288934,0.2128714,0.0003541782],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9215792,0.002924072,0.00300166,0.0006089039,0.004503205,0.000152719,0.00007198118,0.00002228464,0.06713592],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9937811,0.0008694689,0.003745184,0.0002884427,0.000417945,0.000002695403,0.000005421006,0.00001715522,0.0008725165],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2084237,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8269662,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410230020","doi":"10.1016/j.finmar.2025.100983","title":"ETF effects: The role of primary versus secondary market activities","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Financial Markets","topic":"Financial Markets and Investment Strategies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Wilfrid Laurier University","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Primary (astronomy); Economics; Secondary market; Business; Finance","authors":[{"name":"Carole Comerton‐Forde","is_ca":false},{"name":"Thomas Marta","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008437282064737504,"gpt":0.1976358613478567,"spread":0.1891985792831192,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001466512,0.0002213422,0.0007738575,0.0003775605,0.0001577163,0.00006810726,0.000520107,0.0001623849,0.0003197547],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009019111,0.0001855807,0.0003636607,0.0003921179,0.0002122198,0.0005030129,0.0001122076,0.000453059,0.00000724584],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001553345,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004131004,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003784609,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001309771,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982127,0.00008844308,0.001084308,0.0002036539,0.0001048317,0.0003060686],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.997681,0.0007304976,0.001138009,0.0003056495,0.00009110165,0.00005370278],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00754772,0.0006210271,0.02978363,0.0008919053,0.0005323112,0.00005043772,0.0007063133,0.000009703804,0.0009771236,0.6570709,0.1112879,0.190521],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002014741,0.0004314774,0.5510229,0.0002285971,0.0000453509,0.000008087038,0.0001565324,0.00003462318,0.001234149,0.1167428,0.3278528,0.0002279252],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4171014,0.02101417,0.0001417523,0.0005209692,0.003231181,0.0002467223,0.00006236928,0.00001121826,0.5576703],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9949704,0.002013044,0.0004045314,0.0005707816,0.0003338927,0.00001403658,0.00000196365,0.00001981223,0.001671522],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5778691,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7567763,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1590077934","doi":"10.1016/j.finmar.2013.05.005","title":"VPIN and the Flash Crash","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"Journal of Financial Markets","topic":"Financial Risk and Volatility Modeling","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Kellogg's (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Crash; Volatility (finance); Econometrics; Metric (unit); Economics; Order (exchange); Computer science; Operations management; Finance","authors":[{"name":"Torben G. Andersen","is_ca":true},{"name":"Oleg Bondarenko","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03433207160845464,"gpt":0.2166038434010772,"spread":0.1822717717926225,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003863269,0.000310688,0.001245201,0.0003066136,0.0001598065,0.0001294347,0.0006431577,0.0004583171,0.0001267393],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001934386,0.0002573812,0.0005336253,0.0001268495,0.0002485465,0.0001856715,0.0005022002,0.001400454,0.00004636673],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008884918,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002207774,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001553309,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000416495,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9973774,0.00008507831,0.00174558,0.0003686625,0.00009833596,0.0003249724],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9968728,0.0001901499,0.002198129,0.0004377369,0.0001836465,0.0001174677],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00457227,0.0004551394,0.08818962,0.0008185051,0.0004109305,0.0001462927,0.007033495,0.0002265549,0.000008919814,0.7753407,0.03601578,0.08678184],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001979902,0.00008135635,0.2215977,0.0002868809,0.00005503717,0.00003885446,0.00001284361,0.00198832,0.0000112112,0.7229371,0.05061868,0.0003920535],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9318748,0.02672357,0.007828041,0.001405387,0.00505553,0.0004807204,0.0001216945,0.00001810867,0.02649222],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9884037,0.00735339,0.002100987,0.0003340138,0.001140224,0.00001137189,0.00000233713,0.00003699506,0.0006170107],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1334081,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999878,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4388749308","doi":"10.1016/j.finmar.2023.100871","title":"Disentangling the supply and announcement effects of open market operations","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Financial Markets","topic":"Monetary Policy and Economic Impact","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Bank of Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Open market operation; Market liquidity; Business; Monetary economics; Event study; Interest rate; Term (time); Economics; Monetary policy","authors":[{"name":"Narayan Bulusu","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03632897637526053,"gpt":0.2472197053292794,"spread":0.2108907289540189,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001538266,0.00009765971,0.0003663393,0.0001819858,0.0001392149,0.0001058845,0.0003603981,0.0000452699,0.0001832679],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005527028,0.00008073619,0.00009551302,0.000187782,0.00005432853,0.000402582,0.0001421639,0.0001279618,0.00002193771],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004058288,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003961783,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000881045,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002460618,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989296,0.00003709227,0.0006805576,0.0001220713,0.00003606333,0.0001946225],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991522,0.0002139784,0.0003813083,0.000162597,0.00002014422,0.00006974418],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001090259,0.0003763348,0.5702154,0.0004671389,0.0004509085,0.0001474806,0.005312819,0.002817083,0.0002536239,0.04967822,0.3394626,0.02972814],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014517,0.0002515586,0.9170793,0.0001276966,0.00002492454,0.00003519723,0.00007960149,0.009046696,0.0001439371,0.01162856,0.05994342,0.0001874107],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9912997,0.001332463,0.0001015575,0.002129781,0.000723395,0.0002689934,0.00009893964,0.00000373328,0.004041384],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9966936,0.001618315,0.0002528111,0.0003083984,0.0002204505,0.000007533063,0.000003084845,0.000009854331,0.0008860109],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3468639,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3292327,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408176192","doi":"10.1016/j.finmar.2025.100972","title":"Speed competition and strategic trading","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Financial Markets","topic":"Merger and Competition Analysis","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Southwestern University of Finance and Economics; Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University; Brock University; Tianjin University; Southern University of Science and Technology; Shanghai University; Central University of Finance and Economics; Beijing Normal University; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Competition (biology); Industrial organization; Business; Economics; Biology; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"Xue‐Zhong He","is_ca":false},{"name":"Junqing Kang","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02222422061975824,"gpt":0.2242983451918862,"spread":0.202074124572128,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005690728,0.00007399892,0.0003165602,0.0003826252,0.00006923801,0.00005391588,0.00009414873,0.00005033263,0.0006118274],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009402321,0.00008046517,0.000127469,0.0002654491,0.00002781573,0.0001203904,0.00001360052,0.0001344929,0.00001398904],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003839561,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003832666,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008271617,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005573657,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991705,0.00001959872,0.0005660519,0.0001063106,0.00003194273,0.0001055428],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994513,0.0000385252,0.0003352802,0.00007479828,0.00004933813,0.00005073171],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007186564,0.0000658948,0.01814452,0.00003547304,0.00004679352,0.00001687374,0.00005264192,0.000006276506,0.0001301729,0.9783478,0.001395875,0.001685774],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001274228,0.0001036227,0.357933,0.0001503132,0.000041816,0.0000381265,0.00009628612,0.002548414,0.0001051848,0.6063244,0.03116642,0.0002182155],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8117956,0.002294856,0.002392492,0.001085435,0.0006654923,0.00004101923,0.00001158839,0.000006166734,0.1817074],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981843,0.0004645597,0.0002607915,0.0003010275,0.0001173697,4.084343e-7,0.000001125042,0.000003679372,0.0006667876],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3720235,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6699081,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416998913","doi":"10.1016/j.finmar.2025.101033","title":"AI availability and U.S. corporate bond markets","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Financial Markets","topic":"Financial Markets and Investment Strategies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Corporate bond; Bond; Market liquidity; Arbitrage; Construct (python library); Bond market","authors":[{"name":"Feng Gao","is_ca":false},{"name":"Shuo Liu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Chuleng Qiu","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02083058044945002,"gpt":0.2191864446094489,"spread":0.1983558641599989,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002113748,0.0002487029,0.0007615327,0.0004513478,0.0001722051,0.0001530132,0.0002952109,0.0001981744,0.0002673295],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00120925,0.0002527099,0.0002053195,0.0004383756,0.0002308415,0.0006141173,0.000104484,0.0004103423,0.00002966558],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001181022,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000261841,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002665259,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001282115,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978179,0.00005073945,0.001359383,0.0003395288,0.00007998478,0.0003524037],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980132,0.0001367524,0.001261877,0.0002787552,0.0001814063,0.0001280333],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009706789,0.0002637387,0.2095824,0.0002225895,0.00007606714,0.00007144961,0.00009940384,0.000001822057,0.00007885155,0.6175487,0.1566914,0.01439297],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007129842,0.0001078385,0.6018155,0.00008549866,0.00001272568,0.00001600121,0.00001002206,0.0000487457,0.00005583522,0.2349693,0.1619958,0.00016969],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8611532,0.01001793,0.0007707398,0.004835285,0.002512375,0.0002858393,0.00007803649,0.00002254044,0.120324],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9917528,0.001707754,0.001040269,0.002852078,0.0002385182,0.000007477724,0.000002206197,0.00001854216,0.002380348],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3922332,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999925,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}