{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":94,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":94,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"query_hash":"ca52d28e98c6","filters":{"venue":"Journal of Geodesy"}},"results":[{"id":"W2061250918","doi":"10.1007/s001900000116","title":"The gravitational potential and its derivatives for the prism","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Geodesy","topic":"Geophysics and Gravity Measurements","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":432,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Geological Survey of Canada; Natural Resources Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Parallelepiped; Prism; Gravitational field; Gravitation; Simple (philosophy); Cuboid; Simplicity; Field (mathematics); Mathematics; Theoretical physics; Computer science; Physics; Applied mathematics; Classical mechanics; Geometry; Optics; Pure mathematics; Quantum mechanics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01839287972138489,"gpt":0.2276624368142161,"spread":0.2092695570928312,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004351094,0.00004428384,0.00005689163,0.00001158307,0.0003711082,0.00007827817,0.0001207106,0.00001317422,0.0001145522],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003623537,0.00002073794,0.00005082682,0.00003930697,0.0000395116,0.0001058192,0.000001891874,0.00007398506,0.000006404227],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":9.948778e-7,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002897059,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002516622,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000353222,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994733,0.00002859028,0.0001337812,0.0000414379,0.0002211564,0.0001017566],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995467,0.0002188129,0.00008765565,0.00003603288,0.00007199332,0.00003879423],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005408924,0.00004398496,0.03135909,0.000013089,0.0002754837,0.000007503898,0.0008079393,0.005486579,0.0006589304,0.000876607,0.004177555,0.9557524],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003862015,0.0001543279,0.9429733,0.000008082927,0.00002978466,0.00003368221,0.0001043202,0.004331362,0.0000608557,0.01975865,0.03210858,0.00005088046],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9936035,0.002240012,0.0002262196,0.003366213,0.0002377706,0.0001068971,0.0000195754,0.000001267634,0.0001985215],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988555,0.0002544025,0.0001772774,0.000125785,0.00016981,3.251e-7,0.000002595081,0.000001037659,0.0004132376],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9557015,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2854301,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2068657587","doi":"10.1007/s00190-005-0004-x","title":"MLAMBDA: a modified LAMBDA method for integer least-squares estimation","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Geodesy","topic":"GNSS positioning and interference","field":"Engineering","cited_by":413,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Decorrelation; Lambda; Integer (computer science); Ambiguity; Least-squares function approximation; Mathematics; Computational complexity theory; Algorithm; Applied mathematics; Computer science; Mathematical optimization; Statistics; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01575273457681857,"gpt":0.283813440248818,"spread":0.2680607056719994,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002792712,0.00009060133,0.0001643572,0.0001142928,0.00003636916,0.00004704259,0.0001093376,0.00005251815,0.00002644987],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008744097,0.0000786472,0.0001041666,0.00005711251,0.00001023826,0.000263421,0.000006730113,0.0001746458,0.00001370392],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008249161,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001929536,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005800859,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005332664,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999356,0.00001851063,0.0003157616,0.00005594603,0.0001162984,0.0001375326],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995423,0.00009277436,0.00008930314,0.00007582614,0.0001431331,0.00005667952],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006159853,0.00003619869,0.00001609582,0.00005021808,0.00007281874,0.000001459014,0.0005270654,0.8941792,0.008491882,0.001791643,0.008670633,0.08610114],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004613821,0.0001480342,0.0002632811,0.0001375117,0.0000375627,0.0001012556,0.00005432399,0.9795339,0.01384819,0.001277358,0.004030497,0.0001067038],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.05706068,0.0002388455,0.9396843,0.0003770618,0.0002733132,0.00005779774,0.000004246295,0.00004274697,0.002260982],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8734869,0.00001402724,0.1259806,0.00005502879,0.0002321939,0.00000496533,0.000001936278,0.000014721,0.0002096686],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8164262,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.320714,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2770194917","doi":"10.1007/s00190-017-1088-9","title":"Consistency of seven different GNSS global ionospheric mapping techniques during one solar cycle","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Geodesy","topic":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":297,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Geological Survey of Canada; Natural Resources Canada","funders":"","keywords":"GNSS applications; Total electron content; Ionosphere; Global Positioning System; Altimeter; Context (archaeology); Consistency (knowledge bases); Remote sensing; Environmental science; Meteorology; Geodesy; Computer science; Geography; Geology; TEC; Telecommunications; Geophysics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009287522961762553,"gpt":0.2363274296613641,"spread":0.2270399066996015,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001494711,0.0001697375,0.0004364686,0.00001559321,0.0002595377,0.00009099139,0.0004179739,0.00005808535,0.0002860323],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001596113,0.0001506355,0.0002712945,0.00004774259,0.00009200011,0.0002966178,0.0001400881,0.0002167862,0.000004477887],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006772557,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009314901,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002431725,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001586867,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988081,0.00003168879,0.0005579292,0.0001264312,0.0002290273,0.0002468163],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982462,0.00002087699,0.001077568,0.0003481762,0.0002030348,0.0001041461],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002309955,0.001343854,0.7170472,0.0002622308,0.001127508,0.00004972926,0.0005195648,0.00031822,0.02895027,0.0132184,0.0006279624,0.2363041],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003193285,0.0005710225,0.919182,0.001053349,0.0003527496,0.00007638805,0.001668066,0.001168852,0.02978823,0.03891984,0.003151845,0.0008743873],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9753246,0.000114407,0.009595917,0.0001619834,0.000239678,0.0001129104,0.00001940116,0.00001232753,0.01441878],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9939893,0.00003070162,0.005223454,0.00001361711,0.0003477533,0.000002559384,0.000002280909,0.00001428932,0.0003760713],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2354297,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6142737,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2964212651","doi":"10.1007/s00190-019-01280-8","title":"NKG2016LU: a new land uplift model for Fennoscandia and the Baltic Region","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Geodesy","topic":"Geophysics and Gravity Measurements","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":160,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Geoid; Levelling; Post-glacial rebound; Geodesy; Geology; Longitude; Shore; Glacial period; Physical geography; Climatology; Latitude; Geography; Geomorphology; Geophysics; Oceanography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02293143627501758,"gpt":0.2094858974977426,"spread":0.186554461222725,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004321604,0.00006621247,0.0001633364,0.00003343802,0.00006427789,0.00005697791,0.0001169344,0.0000269123,0.00003053481],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002572265,0.00003620832,0.00007861554,0.00004278445,0.00002743794,0.0001276453,0.000004674822,0.00009229726,0.00001552764],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000002262416,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007782839,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004442158,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002908444,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994212,0.0000231709,0.0001669836,0.00007047339,0.0001896117,0.0001286077],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994928,0.0001049324,0.0001633616,0.00008423795,0.00005976937,0.00009487692],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001769667,0.0000306873,0.9258228,0.00006249431,0.0001407987,0.000006280351,0.0008653501,0.0278062,0.00007611311,0.0008573842,0.0101572,0.03240501],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.008387449,0.0004728467,0.4137558,0.0001024806,0.0001342253,0.0001208374,0.00009251024,0.4935187,0.00001628589,0.07769426,0.005486384,0.000218233],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9931137,0.0007598202,0.003037899,0.001955188,0.0003157323,0.0002242182,0.000008189886,0.000002463231,0.0005827647],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980826,0.00008199896,0.000404661,0.000267675,0.0001320747,1.519383e-7,0.000002281242,0.000001991486,0.001026615],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.512067,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1476533,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1998406198","doi":"10.1007/s001900100177","title":"The AUSGeoid98 geoid model of Australia: data treatment, computations and comparisons with GPS-levelling data","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Geodesy","topic":"Geophysics and Gravity Measurements","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":145,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Geoid; Geodesy; Undulation of the geoid; Geodetic datum; Geology; Levelling; Global Positioning System; Geopotential; Geophysics; Computer science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.3026735037566234,"gpt":0.3258180088188699,"spread":0.02314450506224652,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000483156,0.00009888764,0.0001980372,0.00004080194,0.0002495436,0.00008147394,0.00057059,0.00002226241,0.00002111925],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001769951,0.00005552137,0.00002228521,0.0001131691,0.00009885417,0.0003744527,0.0000353596,0.0001182101,0.000004834612],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000003633278,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001041533,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001707651,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004847461,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990369,0.00004103189,0.0002959621,0.0001421409,0.0003108055,0.0001731478],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988922,0.000135004,0.0003082556,0.0004552804,0.0001074098,0.0001017981],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002058898,0.000144574,0.7078577,0.00001323886,0.0003395713,0.00001971816,0.0002235348,0.2651011,0.00006739928,0.00005537149,0.002185832,0.02378608],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009923931,0.0004067156,0.3314201,0.00005414738,0.0002170551,0.0001132558,0.000306026,0.6598375,0.00001877313,0.001056179,0.005445484,0.0001324383],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9900335,0.0005568002,0.00794099,0.0005199371,0.00009241303,0.00009511174,0.0005893494,0.000003050781,0.0001688284],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9941128,0.0004697515,0.005011663,0.00001277787,0.00005797044,6.776433e-8,0.0001734269,0.000002297658,0.0001592383],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3947363,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2704997,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2052684110","doi":"10.1007/s00190-008-0231-z","title":"Consideration of time-correlated errors in a Kalman filter applicable to GNSS","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Geodesy","topic":"GNSS positioning and interference","field":"Engineering","cited_by":127,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Kalman filter; Covariance; Fast Kalman filter; Covariance intersection; Invariant extended Kalman filter; Ensemble Kalman filter; Algorithm; Computer science; GNSS applications; Extended Kalman filter; Alpha beta filter; Control theory (sociology); Global Positioning System; Mathematics; Statistics; Moving horizon estimation; Artificial intelligence; Telecommunications","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01221947577957625,"gpt":0.2113580588748697,"spread":0.1991385830952935,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001003529,0.00006073022,0.0001580267,0.0001487123,0.00001825159,0.000006768606,0.00006333122,0.00004279668,0.00008952338],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002894643,0.00005719679,0.00003938399,0.0001191198,0.00001475292,0.0001041191,0.000007246074,0.0001577628,0.00004458396],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004240711,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001950117,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000246655,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007399313,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994239,0.00001326938,0.0003201738,0.00004336741,0.0001010198,0.00009823596],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99972,0.00002865302,0.00006123829,0.00006523563,0.00007583595,0.00004908192],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001121108,0.0001305425,0.008312245,0.0000468629,0.00008025757,0.00007223016,0.003461138,0.7961603,0.1577915,0.0000723987,0.03256109,0.001199371],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004585236,0.001883859,0.1613863,0.002219792,0.00009817925,0.003263496,0.0004181391,0.4153642,0.4034218,0.00134767,0.004973408,0.001038001],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9907342,0.00006808899,0.004232082,0.00007257244,0.00009567282,0.00004776279,0.000001566318,0.00001385366,0.004734206],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984688,0.00001768672,0.001230614,0.00004186364,0.00002587287,0.000001608256,9.973877e-7,0.000008284809,0.000204229],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3807961,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2332418,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2021769331","doi":"10.1007/s00190-013-0642-3","title":"Comparative analysis of different environmental loading methods and their impacts on the GPS height time series","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Geodesy","topic":"Geophysics and Gravity Measurements","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":123,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Center for Atmospheric Research; Natural Resources Canada; National Aeronautics and Space Administration","keywords":"Global Positioning System; Data assimilation; Environmental science; Grid; Interpolation (computer graphics); Time series; Series (stratigraphy); Meteorology; Remote sensing; Geodesy; Computer science; Mathematics; Geology; Statistics; Geography; Motion (physics); Telecommunications","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0274375430201584,"gpt":0.2546797909140527,"spread":0.2272422478938944,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003993567,0.000101341,0.0003312049,0.00009698934,0.00008667418,0.00004712757,0.0001148501,0.00002023242,0.001165608],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001280083,0.00004732665,0.0001282718,0.0001170478,0.00007773806,0.0001622049,0.000008969975,0.0001159717,0.00001739253],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000005108604,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000777178,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001184088,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004381231,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991941,0.0001891283,0.0002233013,0.00006957644,0.0002034487,0.000120412],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992945,0.0002412857,0.0002633855,0.00008899239,0.00002439285,0.00008748578],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001747147,0.0001787647,0.8452381,0.00001484158,0.00435671,0.000003860402,0.00575113,0.002714005,0.1097815,0.0001048097,0.0005895882,0.03109194],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001072304,0.000284803,0.9843774,0.00001427074,0.0001525662,0.000004643614,0.0005256467,0.002982898,0.009940707,0.001439595,0.0001092697,0.00006101468],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9987699,0.0002874523,0.00006137801,0.0002809635,0.00004302298,0.00006415816,0.00002786627,9.765745e-7,0.0004642211],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994829,0.00004650981,0.0003216076,0.00005605005,0.00002954614,1.646264e-7,0.000006529305,0.000001019617,0.00005568387],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1391392,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997475,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2009172466","doi":"10.1007/s00190-007-0201-x","title":"A systematic investigation of optimal carrier-phase combinations for modernized triple-frequency GPS","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Geodesy","topic":"GNSS positioning and interference","field":"Engineering","cited_by":122,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada; Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Decorrelation; Ambiguity resolution; Global Positioning System; Algorithm; Noise (video); Ambiguity; GPS signals; Computer science; Integer (computer science); Phase (matter); Wavelength; Covariance; Covariance matrix; Mathematics; Telecommunications; Statistics; Physics; Optics; GNSS applications; Assisted GPS; Artificial intelligence","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02713900240320803,"gpt":0.2587731724507725,"spread":0.2316341700475645,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002255782,0.0000837589,0.0003003068,0.0001573596,0.00006083795,0.00001319944,0.0001160729,0.00004595846,0.000006729693],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002002389,0.00007546163,0.0001230352,0.0000991363,0.00004047203,0.0002047232,0.000004277752,0.0001140118,0.000001512773],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006607304,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006526314,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005420953,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.351517e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990448,0.00003357168,0.0006098162,0.00004637759,0.0001626302,0.0001027771],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991465,0.00009834205,0.0002496853,0.00009438838,0.0003379554,0.00007318249],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004901242,0.001040659,0.0015944,0.03078513,0.00212604,0.00007502527,0.03192925,0.4140054,0.4832181,0.01355223,0.02078914,0.0003945123],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01398434,0.002264367,0.0009090364,0.008648441,0.0005581109,0.00140518,0.0006933387,0.8745273,0.09019182,0.006251791,0.00003535922,0.0005309552],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9032928,0.0004264216,0.09548096,0.00004504247,0.0002420145,0.0001953164,0.00003074485,0.00002438964,0.0002623354],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.994967,0.00003005904,0.00487226,0.000008529093,0.00003004539,0.00001528389,0.000006993356,0.00001040334,0.00005937795],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4605219,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3077236,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2088723325","doi":"10.1007/s00190-008-0216-y","title":"Forecast Vienna Mapping Functions 1 for real-time analysis of space geodetic observations","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Geodesy","topic":"GNSS positioning and interference","field":"Engineering","cited_by":115,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Geodetic datum; Zenith; GNSS applications; Geodesy; Hydrostatic equilibrium; Very-long-baseline interferometry; Troposphere; Numerical weather prediction; Meteorology; Geography; Remote sensing; Geology; Computer science; Environmental science; Global Positioning System; Physics; Telecommunications","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0421379837926909,"gpt":0.2237588909482396,"spread":0.1816209071555487,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000151727,0.00008687822,0.0002911927,0.0004184622,0.00009242186,0.00001280391,0.0001070715,0.00004436022,0.00005582187],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006368145,0.00008304418,0.0002773773,0.0005615721,0.00003241189,0.0001673353,0.000008170188,0.0001056521,0.000005638656],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005905578,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003063276,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002424775,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000011468,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992191,0.00001282169,0.0004278737,0.00006371066,0.0001321557,0.0001443133],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999211,0.0001150424,0.0001724989,0.000127226,0.0003112684,0.00006295709],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005105543,0.0001327639,0.009354607,0.00009196747,0.002608225,0.000006934085,0.002104141,0.8516329,0.1152344,0.0004756138,0.01742277,0.0008845727],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006557325,0.0003246271,0.1666209,0.0002399895,0.001375362,0.0001351733,0.0003284744,0.8226976,0.002760726,0.0002705057,0.004318461,0.0002723976],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8795372,0.0001048666,0.1180555,0.0001056663,0.0001912711,0.00005444709,0.00003342621,0.00002894707,0.001888743],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9915544,0.0001315258,0.007417332,0.00001022046,0.00007094617,0.000004440449,0.00001444705,0.0000129087,0.0007837762],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1572663,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3386443,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2059078230","doi":"10.1007/s00190-003-0315-8","title":"Energy integral method for gravity field determination from satellite orbit coordinates","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Geodesy","topic":"Geophysics and Gravity Measurements","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":97,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Orbit (dynamics); Gravitational field; Satellite; Geodesy; Orbit determination; Diagonal; Computer science; Algorithm; Mathematics; Physics; Geometry; Classical mechanics; Geology; Aerospace engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02097173003635311,"gpt":0.2597660881557826,"spread":0.2387943581194295,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006420712,0.00009698536,0.0001982777,0.00007033644,0.00007971138,0.00005866652,0.0001354834,0.00005751249,0.0002065606],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000168631,0.00007415728,0.0001431804,0.00009176041,0.00001283818,0.0001809667,0.000002708374,0.0001153503,0.00000606774],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000005944187,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004469014,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0019036,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001228857,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991133,0.0001125613,0.0002706025,0.000104296,0.0002310666,0.0001681901],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999027,0.0003703322,0.000235172,0.00008191643,0.0001899535,0.0000955849],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001570066,0.00005515472,0.1474583,0.00001251113,0.00007312894,0.00001426118,0.0001331744,0.0001514523,0.001707704,0.0007225206,0.0007010333,0.8488137],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002429717,0.001906847,0.3020706,0.0001366618,0.0002536369,0.00009068558,0.0003382989,0.01018663,0.07205924,0.4579312,0.1519849,0.0006115053],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7637734,0.001727777,0.2286855,0.0007318096,0.001983247,0.0001620452,0.00009967941,0.00001194131,0.002824527],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9693422,0.00005095584,0.03002321,0.000276341,0.0001214523,3.665774e-7,0.00002024461,0.000002683827,0.0001625472],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8482022,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3024046,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1964192164","doi":"10.1007/s00190-012-0604-1","title":"Mitigating the impact of ionospheric cycle slips in GNSS observations","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Geodesy","topic":"GNSS positioning and interference","field":"Engineering","cited_by":94,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick; Natural Resources Canada","funders":"Natural Resources Canada","keywords":"GLONASS; GNSS applications; Ionosphere; Geodesy; Global Positioning System; Amplitude; Scintillation; Geology; Computer science; Physics; Geophysics; Telecommunications; Detector; Optics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02197268869538494,"gpt":0.2594089423612662,"spread":0.2374362536658813,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002347499,0.00005355699,0.0001058592,0.00003281633,0.0000247033,0.00001322408,0.000102499,0.00002456743,0.00003545863],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006121522,0.00003559901,0.0000844915,0.0001458397,0.00001661373,0.0002425061,0.000008092083,0.0001864574,0.000003427924],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006611409,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001787618,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007483524,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004209364,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994726,0.00002200488,0.000273056,0.00001980287,0.00008177992,0.0001307721],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996642,0.00007272285,0.0000976817,0.00006901762,0.00005519941,0.00004119406],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001071494,0.0001153783,0.3512872,0.00003166877,0.0001128025,0.000001552053,0.004220346,0.5953329,0.04286098,0.0004283169,0.002630804,0.002967343],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001971227,0.00006688759,0.9603168,0.0001915772,0.00001251133,0.00005269072,0.0003299827,0.03559178,0.002755083,0.0003470896,0.00006950174,0.00006898122],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9969192,0.0004409886,0.0009271783,0.00004576085,0.0001583205,0.00002151773,0.000001623295,0.000007287561,0.001478109],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989101,0.00002461686,0.0009363431,0.00000910073,0.0000983529,8.875374e-7,4.942169e-7,0.00000702863,0.00001313373],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6090297,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1451686,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2068716765","doi":"10.1007/s00190-005-0445-2","title":"The rigorous determination of orthometric heights","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Geodesy","topic":"Geophysics and Gravity Measurements","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":83,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"Australian Research Council; Networks of Centres of Excellence of Canada; Natural Resources Canada","keywords":"Geoid; Geodesy; Undulation of the geoid; Gravity anomaly; Geology; Gravitational field; Gravity of Earth; Physics; Geometry; Geophysics; Mathematics; Classical mechanics; Amplitude; Measured depth","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01645940362415247,"gpt":0.2213319540785042,"spread":0.2048725504543517,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005826923,0.00004624589,0.00009790578,0.00009593446,0.00009589018,0.0000275184,0.0001605119,0.00001962401,0.00006949095],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006054169,0.00002600969,0.00007183363,0.0002171374,0.00002820637,0.0001549307,0.000002979968,0.00008635415,0.00002332474],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000003850078,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003463344,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008675827,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004285753,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991667,0.00003805664,0.0002597781,0.00003893999,0.0003900253,0.0001065281],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993061,0.0001080465,0.0003006867,0.0000720004,0.0001621357,0.00005099474],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003654118,0.00003349131,0.1450491,0.000006519303,0.00001964889,0.000005099559,0.00009120324,0.0005024362,0.0001334539,0.0000495268,0.0001763645,0.8538966],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003333939,0.0002596868,0.974893,0.0000191223,0.00002509948,0.00004380257,0.00003666884,0.00179106,0.0008987843,0.002661072,0.01897425,0.00006401857],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9965853,0.001217208,0.0002550014,0.0002613405,0.0002561165,0.0000352683,0.000003144519,0.000001443779,0.001385173],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987112,0.0001163061,0.0008516888,0.00002848743,0.0001539005,3.536667e-8,9.217054e-7,9.431117e-7,0.0001365714],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8538326,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1060644,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1975095204","doi":"10.1007/s001900000145","title":"Effect of topographical density on geoid in the Canadian Rocky Mountains","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Geodesy","topic":"Geophysics and Gravity Measurements","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":78,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick; Geological Survey of Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Geoid; Undulation of the geoid; Geodesy; Geology; Gravity anomaly; Bedrock; Geophysics; Geomorphology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01228702560025289,"gpt":0.2269516647538112,"spread":0.2146646391535583,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00134522,0.00006876254,0.0001551016,0.0001559651,0.00008758826,0.00002736712,0.0002019405,0.00004046123,0.00007486176],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006222852,0.00003965279,0.00009260875,0.0002393251,0.00003219577,0.00006107589,0.000001958359,0.0002509816,0.00001308005],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001004629,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007813319,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1739245,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.6372873,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989945,0.0001721823,0.0001850706,0.00005782821,0.0004068711,0.0001835223],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995047,0.0001334975,0.000101559,0.00009427692,0.00005510419,0.0001109],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001034258,0.00001856662,0.9893242,0.000004689524,0.00001161741,0.00009159739,0.00008463104,0.0008143336,0.00002314577,0.00002834199,0.0001205356,0.009374877],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003174539,0.0008181154,0.9964613,0.00002178259,0.00001400883,0.00006010019,0.00002722125,0.0001515631,0.00009518292,0.0007036246,0.001285587,0.00004410874],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9974957,0.00005960316,0.000002194485,0.0005275565,0.0001283697,0.000063505,0.000005217066,7.086611e-7,0.001717154],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996033,0.00002003148,0.000008811978,0.0002799411,0.00007241227,7.809631e-8,0.000002786002,9.770617e-7,0.00001163508],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4633628,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8315764,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2001767484","doi":"10.1007/s00190-013-0655-y","title":"Monitoring precipitable water vapor in real-time using global navigation satellite systems","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Geodesy","topic":"GNSS positioning and interference","field":"Engineering","cited_by":78,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Geological Survey of Canada; Natural Resources Canada","funders":"Korea Meteorological Administration","keywords":"GNSS applications; Radiosonde; Satellite system; BeiDou Navigation Satellite System; Zenith; Satellite; Real-time computing; Meteorology; Standard deviation; Environmental science; GNSS augmentation; Remote sensing; Global Positioning System; Computer science; Geodesy; Geography; Telecommunications; Engineering; Mathematics; Statistics; Aerospace engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01385565625621611,"gpt":0.2384072562396598,"spread":0.2245515999834437,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001864529,0.00009039103,0.0001665895,0.00006316723,0.00002712404,0.0001205836,0.00009101109,0.00005825327,0.00001990753],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000006261169,0.0000714039,0.0000406992,0.0000775774,0.000008742199,0.0004983158,0.0000114671,0.0001400145,0.00007223286],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002921408,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001128781,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004166978,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.29249e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991741,0.0000269564,0.0003828484,0.00005800588,0.0001469401,0.0002111143],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996649,0.00001368656,0.00006488403,0.00007524578,0.0001180001,0.00006328903],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001721208,0.00003764426,0.02921838,0.0001363107,0.00006781566,0.00002455736,0.0007576079,0.4503337,0.5162593,0.00002443867,0.0001812759,0.002941807],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001684556,0.0003865354,0.1410195,0.008344118,0.0001101929,0.001499179,0.0008187371,0.6382488,0.2051664,0.001220711,0.0005957459,0.00090546],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9958568,0.0004648941,0.0005461111,0.000009753328,0.0007766719,0.00006485527,0.000001079086,0.00002926632,0.002250631],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986238,0.00009762122,0.0009635965,0.000001120963,0.0002169084,0.000002266663,0.000001219822,0.00001131683,0.00008208744],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3110928,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2911766,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2065198828","doi":"10.1007/s001900100162","title":"Robustness analysis of geodetic horizontal networks","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Geodesy","topic":"Geotechnical Engineering and Analysis","field":"Engineering","cited_by":75,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Geological Survey of Canada; Natural Resources Canada; University of Calgary; University of New Brunswick","funders":"","keywords":"Robustness (evolution); Geodetic datum; Computer science; Mathematics; Algorithm; Geodesy; Geology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.004567277347663496,"gpt":0.1883263499155089,"spread":0.1837590725678454,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002722996,0.0001249686,0.0005314754,0.0005519901,0.00001834876,0.00001588038,0.0002041245,0.00009307547,0.00009854342],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003572165,0.0001092981,0.0004912487,0.001425819,0.00002389097,0.0000887484,0.00001555567,0.0002756549,9.721987e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004490198,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009140809,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001467115,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001005384,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989339,0.00001393303,0.0005411728,0.00006981157,0.0002351977,0.0002060363],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999411,0.00005850504,0.0001288977,0.0001751522,0.0001133421,0.0001130338],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008601412,0.00002392212,0.0009785952,0.00001010284,0.001223838,0.00003240917,0.00001155215,0.9927759,0.0005836838,0.00001646078,0.0001034376,0.004231501],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001715942,0.00005006152,0.005166338,0.0000298088,0.001405417,0.00004094842,0.00002460671,0.9924017,0.0001002482,0.000008321053,0.00048895,0.0001120235],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4599712,0.0008021584,0.5388524,0.00002468478,0.000134009,0.00001337479,0.000001461467,0.00003452582,0.0001662181],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982553,0.0005334506,0.001026847,0.00000538476,0.0001158138,5.924979e-7,0.000002509733,0.00001648585,0.00004361805],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5382841,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4457046,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1492391551","doi":"10.1007/s00190-007-0153-1","title":"Annual variations in water storage and precipitation in the Amazon Basin","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Geodesy","topic":"Geophysics and Gravity Measurements","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":74,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; National Aeronautics and Space Administration","keywords":"Environmental science; Surface runoff; Precipitation; Water balance; Water storage; Streamflow; Sink (geography); Climatology; Structural basin; Hydrology (agriculture); Drainage basin; Atmospheric sciences; Meteorology; Geology; Geography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01446670949734755,"gpt":0.2257415058713866,"spread":0.211274796374039,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00194608,0.00003810623,0.00006735507,0.0001063212,0.00003435483,0.00002264783,0.00006872213,0.00002081782,0.00003746889],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000297861,0.00002143175,0.00001713308,0.00009872135,0.00001218406,0.0002066853,0.000002100116,0.0001254782,0.000006205102],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000004327333,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001344685,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008306956,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0044938,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993769,0.0000694848,0.0001871516,0.00004267735,0.0002080776,0.0001157379],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997571,0.00007842945,0.00005877581,0.0000366117,0.00004126675,0.00002781842],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005834761,0.00004749853,0.9729173,0.000004534159,0.000005780083,0.00003277343,0.006290772,0.001458507,0.0001994418,0.00003984463,0.0001192746,0.01882599],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002685133,0.0000862091,0.9957975,0.00001008509,0.000003927194,0.00001232909,0.0005123306,0.0002536871,0.0000367057,0.00226351,0.0007249864,0.00003023292],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.99875,0.00005448971,0.0002179384,0.0005114822,0.000117835,0.00004853181,0.000007314351,6.005833e-7,0.0002918385],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995864,0.000008240136,0.0002009588,0.0001210402,0.00005933045,6.178494e-8,0.000004687761,6.770162e-7,0.00001861871],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02288025,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2507646,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3130975274","doi":"10.1007/s00190-021-01481-0","title":"Strategy for the realisation of the International Height Reference System (IHRS)","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Geodesy","topic":"Geophysics and Gravity Measurements","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":74,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Geological Survey of Canada; Natural Resources Canada","funders":"Natural Environment Research Council; Sight Research UK; Natural Resources Canada; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; Strong","keywords":"Geopotential; Realisation; Reference frame; Geodetic datum; Cartesian coordinate system; Geodesy; Computer science; Mathematics; Geography; Frame (networking); Geometry; Physics; Telecommunications","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0713083034011319,"gpt":0.2494755083315463,"spread":0.1781672049304144,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004694705,0.00003901568,0.00007888592,0.00001435075,0.00007833196,0.00004007233,0.0002491143,0.00001895866,0.00008401924],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005355878,0.00001930522,0.00007998513,0.00006836368,0.00001989823,0.00008252681,0.0000064633,0.00008055739,0.000002589513],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000006236987,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001180886,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002815873,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005877016,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992815,0.00004164027,0.000213239,0.00004639656,0.0003522898,0.00006491163],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991543,0.0001036964,0.0002698154,0.00009675806,0.0003531558,0.00002224634],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005818575,0.0002101275,0.6812721,0.0003265182,0.001068833,0.00003215819,0.001197583,0.08997704,0.0135706,0.02802311,0.01473269,0.1690074],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004843587,0.0001085068,0.9722728,0.0001231221,0.00006883336,0.00006817639,0.0009946779,0.006634455,0.00313369,0.003827332,0.0122176,0.00006645638],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9856166,0.0007283693,0.0008940847,0.002683658,0.002169739,0.0001561785,0.0001638113,0.000003035535,0.007584568],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994749,0.00002936673,0.0000985858,0.00005773803,0.0001479518,1.924662e-7,0.000009093793,8.759626e-7,0.0001812449],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2910007,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.09199517,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2035300031","doi":"10.1007/s00190-005-0473-y","title":"Huber’s M-estimation in relative GPS positioning: computational aspects","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Geodesy","topic":"GNSS positioning and interference","field":"Engineering","cited_by":71,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Global Positioning System; Outlier; Computer science; Algorithm; Least-squares function approximation; Code (set theory); Position (finance); GPS signals; Estimation; Mathematical optimization; Mathematics; Statistics; Assisted GPS; Artificial intelligence; Telecommunications; Engineering; Estimator","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008678453987359846,"gpt":0.2358255276508176,"spread":0.2271470736634578,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001336775,0.00006567393,0.0001063605,0.0001629603,0.00002954725,0.00003288704,0.00006092792,0.00003784474,0.0000437801],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003359696,0.00006594021,0.00004116322,0.0001034197,0.00001504718,0.0004704332,0.000005153858,0.0002333501,0.00003673404],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001717737,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002445721,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002983046,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005004402,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993991,0.00001985146,0.0002966266,0.00004407273,0.0001452134,0.00009519819],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996944,0.00005945495,0.00007939219,0.00003604105,0.00008998454,0.00004070686],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008492415,0.00002642868,0.0003111289,0.000005392742,0.00001882344,0.000006147793,0.0004832998,0.9926193,0.000373906,0.003999647,0.0007820129,0.001365356],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006565858,0.0001362164,0.0378469,0.0003467083,0.00001713191,0.0003153776,0.00004985553,0.9433467,0.001622722,0.01516481,0.0003565753,0.0001404282],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7573211,0.0004030668,0.1974245,0.0008574481,0.0002803523,0.00005764046,0.000003134256,0.00005471304,0.04359804],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9861676,0.000009093927,0.01363763,0.00004578746,0.00008269143,8.394044e-7,0.000004237242,0.000008080554,0.0000440746],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2288465,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2688964,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2148865616","doi":"10.1007/s00190-008-0295-9","title":"The IGS-combined station coordinates, earth rotation parameters and apparent geocenter","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Geodesy","topic":"GNSS positioning and interference","field":"Engineering","cited_by":70,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Geodesy; Consistency (knowledge bases); Reference frame; Earth's rotation; GNSS applications; Rotation (mathematics); Satellite laser ranging; Physics; Geology; Mathematics; Computer science; Frame (networking); Satellite; Geometry; Telecommunications; Optics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006671547754520836,"gpt":0.205209406174263,"spread":0.1985378584197421,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001352966,0.0000598114,0.00007678848,0.00004340702,0.00006315777,0.00009058043,0.00005502301,0.00001994018,0.000003186856],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002550025,0.00004222052,0.00002963156,0.00004327606,0.00001544843,0.0001563216,0.000003059018,0.0001214623,0.000002910153],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002267569,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006556878,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004059298,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002987314,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995452,0.00001799172,0.0001986783,0.00003716051,0.0001022226,0.00009881292],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997211,0.00004536495,0.00007136039,0.00004817993,0.00007359935,0.000040408],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009135197,0.0003367799,0.01031299,0.0001284803,0.000511969,0.00004675569,0.005554558,0.2255754,0.0425795,0.006764634,0.03637388,0.6709015],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004784302,0.004019233,0.5683878,0.0009689957,0.0001865344,0.0004853372,0.001336188,0.3446717,0.04510792,0.01872457,0.01055217,0.0007752224],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.991613,0.0003629544,0.006751485,0.0003967223,0.0002353334,0.00004559263,0.000001651195,0.00001869586,0.00057461],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991927,0.0001785048,0.0005051979,0.00004747379,0.00002465684,7.850674e-7,0.000002415409,0.000004349925,0.00004388693],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6701263,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1721703,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2065136605","doi":"10.1007/s00190-013-0645-0","title":"Canadian gravimetric geoid model 2010","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Geodesy","topic":"Geophysics and Gravity Measurements","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":70,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Geological Survey of Canada; Natural Resources Canada","funders":"U.S. Geological Survey","keywords":"Geoid; Geodesy; Geopotential; Undulation of the geoid; Geology; Ocean surface topography; Geophysics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0199294672893178,"gpt":0.1914472178060974,"spread":0.1715177505167796,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003255387,0.00008306287,0.0001426089,0.0002927645,0.0001264888,0.000134694,0.0002304307,0.00004356228,0.001337065],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003782037,0.00006311748,0.00008707471,0.0002467748,0.00002251788,0.0003283633,0.000003328489,0.0001941704,0.0006480574],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001402365,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003116745,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.3260442,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1465962,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990268,0.0000220549,0.000226929,0.00007694971,0.0003642377,0.000282977],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990491,0.00002135885,0.0001372206,0.0001097373,0.0002456564,0.0004369462],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001207075,0.00003502667,0.8342448,0.00001014758,0.00006973461,0.00003110002,0.0001546862,0.02314769,0.0003433152,0.00005396271,0.03932653,0.1025709],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002556145,0.00011593,0.9517871,0.00001173404,0.00002080858,0.0000373258,0.00003316776,0.02762058,0.00004866389,0.01638654,0.003547029,0.0001355101],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9941385,0.000376445,0.0001224992,0.0008992123,0.0006273925,0.00007448691,0.00001990632,0.000003067379,0.00373849],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973499,0.00001740023,0.0009588107,0.0002772376,0.0001126108,1.254586e-7,0.000007176627,0.000002279936,0.001274443],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.179448,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995759,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2030971468","doi":"10.1007/s00190-003-0313-x","title":"A study on the combination of satellite, airborne, and terrestrial gravity data","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Geodesy","topic":"Geophysics and Gravity Measurements","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":64,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Satellite; Geoid; Gravitational field; Geopotential; Geodesy; Gravity of Earth; Remote sensing; Spherical harmonics; Weighting; Gravity anomaly; Geology; Computer science; Geophysics; Mathematics; Physics; Aerospace engineering; Engineering; Acoustics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0877254317540944,"gpt":0.2720108365942683,"spread":0.1842854048401739,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00146849,0.00005750921,0.0001274734,0.00004136979,0.00006448165,0.00003357648,0.0002071113,0.00001626458,0.00002962743],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001848795,0.00003350722,0.00002496076,0.00009847762,0.00003413977,0.0001263176,0.000007926368,0.0001206309,0.000003845285],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000001540231,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003700571,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002459448,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002514582,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999065,0.0001903315,0.0002195459,0.00007787413,0.0003669264,0.00008029477],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993514,0.0001384217,0.0002239467,0.0001921309,0.00004989147,0.00004416428],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001152446,0.000316866,0.977286,0.000004147369,0.00006473461,0.00001068829,0.0002750132,0.00004219214,0.0000653612,0.0002568043,0.0002526683,0.02131026],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006928591,0.0006721083,0.9934952,0.00001339318,0.00002988799,0.000008263519,0.0003341913,0.00004743732,0.00006974949,0.003447041,0.001150619,0.00003930282],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9986495,0.0001389527,0.0000067096,0.0001559553,0.000236696,0.000112221,0.00001694811,8.78493e-7,0.0006821827],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9998423,0.0000322305,0.00003869052,0.00003313736,0.00003480284,5.338514e-8,0.000005368019,9.984963e-7,0.00001238589],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02127096,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1366385,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2052310533","doi":"10.1007/s001900100171","title":"Precise estimation of residual tropospheric delays using a regional GPS network for real-time kinematic applications","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Geodesy","topic":"GNSS positioning and interference","field":"Engineering","cited_by":64,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Residual; Global Positioning System; Computer science; Reliability (semiconductor); Kinematics; Troposphere; Satellite; Environmental science; Geodesy; Covariance; Real Time Kinematic; Remote sensing; Meteorology; Statistics; Algorithm; Geography; Mathematics; GNSS applications; Telecommunications; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01889500504473462,"gpt":0.2599310188394189,"spread":0.2410360137946843,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001914116,0.00008471538,0.0001985912,0.00005374974,0.00005601512,0.00002040207,0.0001093534,0.00004756428,0.00002845935],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002754528,0.0000805629,0.00008487072,0.0001641174,0.0000240227,0.0001479548,0.000006565794,0.0000906994,0.000003920707],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006981453,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000369664,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000122819,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001940854,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991801,0.00001749111,0.0004633852,0.00005719232,0.000143369,0.000138479],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993272,0.0001122736,0.0002323728,0.0001053037,0.0001709869,0.00005188269],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004897566,0.00003038459,0.00004754592,0.00005961115,0.00004689012,8.859276e-7,0.0001012476,0.9852595,0.009057081,0.0002572105,0.00336854,0.00172217],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000388325,0.0001596255,0.0008286319,0.0004147515,0.000106712,0.0002551556,0.00003107378,0.993615,0.0005407237,0.003168378,0.0003864406,0.0001051352],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3828793,0.0002680352,0.6159306,0.00005033123,0.00007086813,0.0001569354,0.000004088568,0.00002590865,0.0006139743],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8042622,0.0001264572,0.1951675,0.000007483637,0.000294125,0.00001410193,0.000007540324,0.00002171381,0.00009889774],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4213829,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.328526,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2162148371","doi":"10.1007/s001900000082","title":"A comparison of stable platform and strapdown airborne gravity","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Geodesy","topic":"Geophysics and Gravity Measurements","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":62,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Gravimeter; Geodesy; Inertial navigation system; Noise (video); Remote sensing; Geology; Range (aeronautics); Inertial frame of reference; Computer science; Aerospace engineering; Physics; Engineering; Geophysics; Artificial intelligence","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03703419145615578,"gpt":0.2631286305596515,"spread":0.2260944391034957,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003658682,0.00007278872,0.0002489345,0.00004960047,0.00005937568,0.00002728791,0.0001068865,0.00003150789,0.001123112],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009455809,0.00005520609,0.00005799697,0.00009682389,0.00004895172,0.0002089585,0.000002894758,0.0001432081,0.00001484643],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000002369838,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003877692,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008370057,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004001354,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991181,0.00001961302,0.0003154348,0.00006550809,0.0003347273,0.0001466541],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995128,0.00003377339,0.0001984351,0.00007242297,0.00007198154,0.0001105754],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001405483,0.00008622724,0.8122555,0.0000219211,0.00004311082,0.000005741997,0.0002533116,0.001631571,0.0002621041,0.0000233454,0.0004167969,0.1848598],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004387358,0.0004071778,0.9916731,0.00003073547,0.00002810754,0.00001878787,0.0001000458,0.0008010353,0.0005882357,0.002693799,0.003148988,0.00007125299],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.997398,0.0005552391,0.00001417786,0.00006270292,0.00007761909,0.00003886815,0.00002593575,0.000001909582,0.001825614],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993678,0.00007452191,0.0003602781,0.00002465849,0.00004569442,2.983156e-8,0.000004591381,0.000001308675,0.0001210677],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1847886,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99979,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1967705083","doi":"10.1007/s00190-006-0091-3","title":"The geopotential value W 0 for specifying the relativistic atomic time scale and a global vertical reference system","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Geodesy","topic":"Geophysics and Gravity Measurements","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":61,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada","funders":"Akademie Věd České Republiky","keywords":"Geopotential; Geodesy; Physics; Gravitational constant; Gravitational field; Reference frame; Geology; Classical mechanics; Frame (networking); Computer science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01460706719973442,"gpt":0.2122303422753255,"spread":0.1976232750755911,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007475959,0.0000790478,0.000132794,0.00001221237,0.0004052629,0.0001460873,0.0001781386,0.0000316714,0.000009258285],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003723146,0.00003993853,0.00007184037,0.00006934673,0.00008617025,0.00008472849,0.000009573247,0.000125072,0.00003017465],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001507052,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005400255,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004661209,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002548281,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990469,0.00007717041,0.0002637731,0.00008629011,0.0003233364,0.0002025802],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994199,0.0002155102,0.0001197602,0.00009289188,0.00009083616,0.00006109395],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002253757,0.000174969,0.8232238,0.0002246705,0.0004785054,0.00008507889,0.0002750687,0.008076669,0.00113638,0.06205482,0.009441283,0.09257501],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006063445,0.0001792039,0.9495759,0.00007712916,0.0001089032,0.000161568,0.00008809184,0.02148366,0.00002619093,0.02481701,0.002776817,0.00009918166],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9948386,0.0005980647,0.0008685344,0.0003702031,0.0003100107,0.000135549,0.00002998842,0.000004838439,0.002844193],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993697,0.000009311716,0.0002043193,0.00002131002,0.0002615624,2.953176e-7,0.000003348419,0.000001668235,0.0001285242],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1263521,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3116996,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2483190953","doi":"10.1007/s001900000117","title":"Modeling and estimation of C 1- P 1 bias in GPS receivers","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Geodesy","topic":"GNSS positioning and interference","field":"Engineering","cited_by":60,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Geological Survey of Canada; University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Global Positioning System; Residual; Computer science; Precise Point Positioning; Spoofing attack; Constant (computer programming); Geodesy; Code (set theory); Satellite; Estimation; GNSS applications; Real-time computing; Algorithm; Remote sensing; Telecommunications; Geology; Engineering; Computer security; Aerospace engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03057957143257137,"gpt":0.2467436074090181,"spread":0.2161640359764467,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001339693,0.00003329927,0.0000836194,0.0001058218,0.000007353362,0.000008340086,0.00003173293,0.00002152275,0.000006909121],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003808354,0.00003102001,0.00001738329,0.00005855269,0.000007119895,0.0001345031,0.000003239152,0.00009029108,8.242631e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002367443,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000624286,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002294751,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005946879,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996716,0.000008219736,0.0001863882,0.00002207439,0.00006115641,0.00005053814],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999864,0.00001841322,0.00003398504,0.00002749819,0.00003498417,0.00002110027],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001037228,0.000006149299,0.001077417,0.00001175297,0.000006067267,0.000003063764,0.0002641983,0.9913536,0.001281115,0.00003248784,0.00003642041,0.005917303],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001778736,0.00004008444,0.002027436,0.0002081254,0.000005436665,0.00006893947,0.00007795741,0.9961698,0.0007861005,0.0003899592,0.00001710324,0.00003115279],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9701496,0.0002038269,0.02839954,0.00002986759,0.00006608212,0.00001021738,3.220108e-7,0.000005280157,0.001135269],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976949,0.0002738466,0.002000077,0.00000431939,0.00001337339,1.402596e-7,2.398828e-7,0.00000347217,0.00000959423],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02754534,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1264959,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2071114249","doi":"10.1007/s001900100165","title":"Geoid, topography, and the Bouguer plate or shell","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Geodesy","topic":"Geophysics and Gravity Measurements","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":60,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"","keywords":"Geoid; Bouguer anomaly; Geodesy; Geodetic datum; Geology; Undulation of the geoid; Spherical shell; Shell (structure); Geophysics; Gravity anomaly; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01953513092815838,"gpt":0.2140010795540424,"spread":0.194465948625884,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006570982,0.00007431179,0.0001536881,0.00005356835,0.0001232353,0.00007686383,0.0001467103,0.00002555007,0.0005197079],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003031381,0.00003540579,0.00008708729,0.0001394841,0.00009634459,0.0001498227,0.00000638655,0.0001539941,0.00002728584],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000001150858,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002724812,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005079551,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005967926,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992282,0.00005360459,0.0002046675,0.0000654253,0.0002876885,0.0001604043],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995219,0.00009480773,0.0001417499,0.00008257642,0.00006621386,0.00009275051],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001497025,0.00004061651,0.8997642,0.00001195992,0.0001419988,0.0001537006,0.0003629623,0.0005568945,0.00005815129,0.000174226,0.002372607,0.09486559],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002128744,0.000258543,0.934287,0.00002916363,0.00005844487,0.0004097056,0.0001527009,0.0006165647,0.00001980351,0.008234804,0.0536915,0.0001129827],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9939936,0.001028521,0.0000435097,0.001065875,0.000310482,0.0000610452,0.000005120387,0.00000282016,0.003488978],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979517,0.0006994793,0.0001706595,0.0004103251,0.0001771739,8.346166e-8,0.000001315629,0.000001549968,0.0005877129],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.09475261,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5690438,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2886338304","doi":"10.1007/s00190-018-1180-9","title":"Refining ionospheric delay modeling for undifferenced and uncombined GNSS data processing","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Geodesy","topic":"GNSS positioning and interference","field":"Engineering","cited_by":59,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Resources Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"GNSS applications; Computer science; Ionosphere; Global Positioning System; Observable; Random walk; Noise (video); Decorrelation; Geodesy; Algorithm; Mathematics; Statistics; Geology; Telecommunications; Physics; Geophysics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05600829048125297,"gpt":0.2828224220009345,"spread":0.2268141315196815,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002335597,0.00009537201,0.0001665983,0.0000490153,0.0001032454,0.00009759203,0.0002249995,0.00004612404,0.000006543985],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006406973,0.00008215752,0.00002405943,0.0000762224,0.00002967434,0.0003679357,0.0000404062,0.0001425993,0.000001671525],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003248311,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003652851,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008237679,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008889525,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993336,0.000009375048,0.0002969353,0.0001016571,0.00009872658,0.000159722],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994893,0.00003079094,0.00008850161,0.0001431649,0.0001818003,0.0000664183],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009535701,0.0003191103,0.005802032,0.001572204,0.000907912,0.00003609404,0.01024993,0.2967742,0.1521151,0.001678783,0.01327548,0.5163156],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004444507,0.0002025361,0.0001734466,0.0003605068,0.00003774556,0.00008179381,0.000114276,0.9968579,0.0006175138,0.0006921842,0.0003057166,0.000111969],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6184941,0.0004178119,0.3802593,0.00004839799,0.0002530273,0.00002512639,0.00000531447,0.00003080661,0.000466124],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9756063,0.00002592694,0.02405796,0.00002684215,0.0002124579,0.000001292898,0.000005124644,0.00001777846,0.00004632963],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7000836,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3350286,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1989300742","doi":"10.1007/s00190-002-0252-y","title":"Downward continuation and geoid determination based on band-limited airborne gravity data","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Geodesy","topic":"Geophysics and Gravity Measurements","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":56,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","keywords":"Geoid; Geodesy; Gravimetry; Gravitational field; Discretization; Gravity anomaly; Geology; Mathematics; Mathematical analysis; Geophysics; Physics; Classical mechanics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05390051875855892,"gpt":0.2381058943411552,"spread":0.1842053755825963,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007028674,0.00008864168,0.00014877,0.0001073528,0.00009253935,0.00007569473,0.0001874736,0.00003954907,0.0002771872],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001310467,0.00006966087,0.00003546547,0.0001116419,0.0000299498,0.0003377742,0.000006282619,0.0001419942,0.00002974892],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000004695523,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001520977,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001415104,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000209485,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998983,0.00007680427,0.0002390072,0.0001322921,0.0004347875,0.0001340991],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992518,0.00007865933,0.0002471256,0.0001948456,0.0001266063,0.0001010019],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001463687,0.0001475543,0.3414041,0.00002388427,0.00002296925,0.00003392143,0.0001092432,0.001917577,0.0004158145,0.000006940962,0.00240718,0.6533644],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007849347,0.000317117,0.8361773,0.0000390905,0.00003603675,0.00001446604,0.00001195933,0.1590919,0.0001255439,0.0003416062,0.002966845,0.00009322538],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9970917,0.0002070952,0.0006262049,0.0007147833,0.0002766636,0.00009422822,0.00009174273,0.000006327817,0.0008912848],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988759,0.00004481104,0.0006134963,0.0002382967,0.0001073449,8.809793e-8,0.00006910938,0.000002019945,0.00004897294],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6532712,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3035006,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2019650294","doi":"10.1007/s00190-009-0303-8","title":"Systematic biases in DORIS-derived geocenter time series related to solar radiation pressure mis-modeling","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Geodesy","topic":"Geophysics and Gravity Measurements","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":49,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada","funders":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory; Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris","keywords":"Doris (gastropod); Geodetic datum; Satellite; Geodesy; Altimeter; Satellite laser ranging; Orbit determination; Geopotential; Remote sensing; Geology; Environmental science; Physics; Astronomy; Optics; Computer science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01445359616972953,"gpt":0.2184868087131077,"spread":0.2040332125433782,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007437097,0.0001100963,0.000308083,0.0001614276,0.00006503785,0.00007935642,0.0001542059,0.00005144647,0.0001244424],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001792373,0.00008555683,0.00008444598,0.0001935777,0.000006887552,0.0004158787,0.00000276504,0.000156464,0.00008979382],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000008726306,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004183753,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001675658,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007733062,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986466,0.0001171024,0.0005293931,0.0001045705,0.0003833853,0.0002189338],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999374,0.00004204789,0.0002375401,0.0001032061,0.0001176671,0.0001255625],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004207487,0.0001821172,0.08361351,0.0007518867,0.0002427394,0.0001235592,0.002666054,0.9002886,0.004861716,0.000009526025,0.0006632925,0.006176251],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002580842,0.001931777,0.6666696,0.008037841,0.0003621207,0.0002543152,0.0006972043,0.3129872,0.001204786,0.004141098,0.0004059341,0.0007272589],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9976719,0.001052212,0.00006974233,0.0005556901,0.0002088209,0.0002017982,0.0000109115,0.000007330641,0.0002216043],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993671,0.00003432747,0.000241738,0.0001460425,0.00004589953,2.122639e-7,0.00001117663,0.000002438686,0.0001510479],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5873014,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3488906,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1980254105","doi":"10.1007/s001900100201","title":"Effects of the spherical terrain on gravity and the geoid","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Geodesy","topic":"Geophysics and Gravity Measurements","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":49,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada; University of New Brunswick","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Geoid; Geodesy; Undulation of the geoid; Geology; Gravity anomaly; Spherical harmonics; Geophysics; Terrain; Geography; Mathematics; Mathematical analysis","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008372540918128873,"gpt":0.1972293180799688,"spread":0.18885677716184,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005806592,0.00006092703,0.0001468054,0.00001394409,0.00009084296,0.00002140755,0.000175514,0.00002114637,0.00004305897],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001035953,0.00002583446,0.00009686298,0.00009747481,0.0001270895,0.00004681904,0.000008658054,0.000169954,0.000005040001],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000002017088,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002101985,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004580691,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001369509,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991926,0.0001465345,0.0001597917,0.0000508551,0.0003407065,0.0001094906],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994262,0.00021412,0.0001801161,0.00008778582,0.00004007716,0.00005173236],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009831024,0.0001485153,0.9127201,0.0000463918,0.0001213112,0.00003687052,0.0007098037,0.001062893,0.001464439,0.0002821643,0.001124735,0.08129968],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000904632,0.0001751705,0.9899654,0.00003690453,0.00002594149,0.00003741191,0.00002759014,0.0001789714,0.0003445096,0.006316254,0.001950285,0.00003686588],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9975058,0.0002848846,0.00002788541,0.001024553,0.0002461458,0.00008043742,0.000001909933,9.251073e-7,0.0008274049],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994003,0.00006087638,0.00004274947,0.0003177499,0.00008724218,8.905641e-8,2.222472e-7,0.00000104963,0.00008976374],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08126281,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1053499,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2991382631","doi":"10.1007/s00190-019-01325-y","title":"Three-dimensional deformation time series of glacier motion from multiple-aperture DInSAR observation","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Geodesy","topic":"Cryospheric studies and observations","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":48,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada","funders":"Canadian Space Agency","keywords":"Geology; Geodesy; Deformation (meteorology); Glacier; Interferometric synthetic aperture radar; Series (stratigraphy); Synthetic aperture radar; Geomorphology; Remote sensing; Paleontology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01525572068168369,"gpt":0.1891251833264133,"spread":0.1738694626447297,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002118764,0.00009025174,0.0002074668,0.00003427771,0.00008116545,0.00002082899,0.0001049386,0.00005934863,0.00176791],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000124459,0.00006507727,0.00009790593,0.0001636709,0.0000288658,0.0007377385,0.000009127529,0.0001103032,0.0001123761],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001040642,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003744092,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007957434,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008895404,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990283,0.0000220285,0.0004136902,0.00007962092,0.0003437518,0.000112579],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989548,0.0002481875,0.0004214366,0.00009723248,0.0002320066,0.00004634252],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001350543,0.0000195984,0.9757154,0.00001020332,0.00004829726,0.000001164223,0.0001691096,0.01602069,0.001340753,0.00001125248,0.0006796264,0.005848848],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000396848,0.0001429211,0.938404,0.00003705783,0.00002138149,0.000008575284,0.0001070099,0.05589275,0.00009433152,0.0004295614,0.004393756,0.00007183657],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9972962,0.0004879203,0.0009845088,0.0005564286,0.0004062661,0.00009281943,0.0000753226,0.000006821995,0.00009368774],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9925479,0.00004680991,0.006756389,0.0002080463,0.0001404512,1.81497e-7,0.000154194,0.000003028279,0.0001430539],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03987207,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9991446,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2025966436","doi":"10.1007/s00190-002-0284-3","title":"On geoid determination from airborne gravity","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Geodesy","topic":"Geophysics and Gravity Measurements","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","keywords":"Geoid; Geodesy; Gravimetry; Gravimeter; Gravitational field; Geology; Remote sensing; Gravity anomaly; Gravity of Earth; Geophysics; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0183685765009883,"gpt":0.2194771974549768,"spread":0.2011086209539885,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004305249,0.00007724177,0.0001341401,0.00006251243,0.00007053315,0.0000395079,0.0001108074,0.000034564,0.0006038284],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001175353,0.00005934799,0.0000811866,0.00008558813,0.00001766485,0.0001469381,0.000001593325,0.0001526121,0.0001251808],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000006048923,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004088954,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003705737,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002633549,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991014,0.00008257581,0.0002066464,0.00008227427,0.0003923131,0.0001347754],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999423,0.00008771931,0.0001990674,0.00009290516,0.00009696647,0.0001003345],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002444441,0.0002939934,0.6900538,0.00001440726,0.0001037016,0.0001448617,0.0003087578,0.003655924,0.001588822,0.0009124859,0.002191226,0.3004876],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004890471,0.0003082408,0.9432101,0.00002643215,0.0000228328,0.00001471534,0.00002426437,0.0002929633,0.001294607,0.05057095,0.003646783,0.00009909626],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9964439,0.0001148259,0.0002683116,0.00008441871,0.0005340432,0.00003466898,0.00001954238,0.000002947754,0.002497395],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989475,0.0000140041,0.000696456,0.0001695121,0.00008811995,5.328598e-8,0.00000808502,0.000001715081,0.00007453856],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3003885,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6611497,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2086875948","doi":"10.1007/s001900000126","title":"On the accuracy of modified Stokes's integration in high-frequency gravimetric geoid determination","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Geodesy","topic":"Geophysics and Gravity Measurements","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":42,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada; University of New Brunswick","funders":"","keywords":"Geoid; Geodesy; Undulation of the geoid; Computation; Gravitational field; Fourier transform; Geology; Spherical harmonics; Fast Fourier transform; Numerical integration; Geophysics; Mathematics; Physics; Mathematical analysis; Algorithm; Classical mechanics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03443520434960374,"gpt":0.2457680169773263,"spread":0.2113328126277226,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008204641,0.00007863576,0.000150487,0.0002810209,0.00005044288,0.0000305411,0.00020894,0.00003611729,0.000146566],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004246229,0.00004797761,0.00006734543,0.000490225,0.00002129003,0.000250914,0.000003305951,0.0002040211,0.00001428677],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001178004,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004210283,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001534687,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007354058,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988807,0.0001062672,0.0003658569,0.00006995827,0.0004493939,0.0001278419],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989667,0.0003064869,0.0004142243,0.0001090842,0.0001619534,0.00004154454],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000295323,0.0002534631,0.4724868,0.00001679897,0.00003284532,0.00005113762,0.0004857127,0.01106953,0.004293937,0.002230241,0.000176837,0.5086074],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004341903,0.0003052696,0.9655292,0.00006510598,0.00001355548,0.00001519219,0.00006662217,0.003414538,0.0008013183,0.02926295,0.00002535433,0.00006667368],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9979035,0.00009803134,0.0005464364,0.0003428831,0.0002259337,0.00008839931,0.000006397046,0.000001639894,0.0007868347],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995779,0.00007594965,0.0001776517,0.00007895421,0.00005145255,2.545758e-7,0.000007257871,0.000001645055,0.00002896695],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5085407,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2319998,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2105102566","doi":"10.1007/s00190-008-0272-3","title":"Monitoring storm-enhanced density using IGS reference station data","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Geodesy","topic":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Science Foundation","keywords":"TEC; Global Positioning System; Total electron content; Storm; Space weather; Meteorology; Environmental science; Geomagnetic storm; Latitude; Ionosphere; Geology; Remote sensing; Earth's magnetic field; Geodesy; Geography; Computer science; Geophysics; Physics; Telecommunications","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03965827943327368,"gpt":0.3042510110481561,"spread":0.2645927316148824,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001842451,0.00009329111,0.0001635551,0.00002082781,0.0000844737,0.00005418215,0.0002539457,0.0000282302,0.00008621127],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001021227,0.00008567083,0.00004253018,0.00008218569,0.00001112664,0.0005938148,0.00003911627,0.000214318,0.000005137211],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004566328,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001125612,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001716629,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001003069,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992464,0.00002476462,0.0002846203,0.0001078034,0.0001814868,0.0001549637],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991409,0.00002327654,0.0003387289,0.0002340594,0.0001953159,0.00006767394],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000267205,0.0004171963,0.05809419,0.00001968652,0.0001952695,0.00002464028,0.0007385032,0.009442437,0.1198316,0.002951677,0.001345784,0.8066718],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01038892,0.002935466,0.6471605,0.001670453,0.001310909,0.0001552297,0.01100922,0.1205643,0.1221861,0.06283788,0.01647961,0.003301309],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8971603,0.00006304826,0.1013872,0.00003864632,0.0002793812,0.00003611569,0.0000110259,0.000005663983,0.00101856],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9866059,0.00001374229,0.0126507,0.00001810893,0.000556584,1.009432e-7,0.00001483252,0.000006254555,0.0001337365],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8033705,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3493555,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2769035919","doi":"10.1007/s00190-017-1086-y","title":"Solution to the spectral filter problem of residual terrain modelling (RTM)","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Geodesy","topic":"Geophysics and Gravity Measurements","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Vedecká Grantová Agentúra MŠVVaŠ SR a SAV; Natural Resources Canada; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","keywords":"Residual; Terrain; Filter (signal processing); Frequency domain; Gravity anomaly; SIGNAL (programming language); Geodesy; Algorithm; Physics; Geology; Mathematical analysis; Mathematics; Computer science; Optics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05179370445553751,"gpt":0.2467284134512312,"spread":0.1949347089956937,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008377396,0.00006374392,0.0001278881,0.00004221821,0.000241551,0.00008502951,0.0003633643,0.00002337603,0.00008743796],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002361941,0.00003881111,0.00007647177,0.00003107973,0.00003712758,0.0001993883,0.00001265918,0.0001379532,0.00002442749],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000003799968,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004584281,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001510996,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001133514,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999115,0.0000377708,0.0002404852,0.00006807915,0.0003735721,0.0001651039],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992969,0.00002026798,0.0003305533,0.000178692,0.0001003121,0.00007327203],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006331854,0.0001500154,0.3731214,0.00006974514,0.0002447162,0.00004441441,0.004092338,0.5056704,0.005387582,0.00026285,0.01576285,0.09456052],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006649436,0.0007188454,0.9509476,0.0001691546,0.0000633863,0.00004557801,0.0001519065,0.02384005,0.00184392,0.01438277,0.006975105,0.0001967704],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.991678,0.00008530956,0.002675003,0.003055451,0.0002649148,0.00009128833,0.00002042646,0.000001609888,0.002128022],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9959953,0.00001112665,0.003432926,0.00007106469,0.0003079392,9.716762e-8,0.000001888502,0.000001622393,0.0001780296],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5778261,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2284184,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1995790540","doi":"10.1007/s00190-015-0811-7","title":"Impacts of real-time satellite clock errors on GPS precise point positioning-based troposphere zenith delay estimation","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Geodesy","topic":"GNSS positioning and interference","field":"Engineering","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales","keywords":"Troposphere; Zenith; Radiosonde; Precise Point Positioning; Global Positioning System; Satellite; Environmental science; Remote sensing; Meteorology; GNSS applications; Geodesy; Orbit (dynamics); Computer science; Geology; Geography; Telecommunications; Aerospace engineering; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01130821749285113,"gpt":0.2395874681528007,"spread":0.2282792506599496,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003122579,0.0001535381,0.0002676722,0.0001380635,0.00003390811,0.0000446483,0.0001253914,0.00008156623,0.00005295503],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001015177,0.0001336241,0.0001183899,0.0001390235,0.00003135412,0.0002611082,0.00000796896,0.0002339893,0.00005245896],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002217208,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009264289,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005234981,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006448428,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988295,0.00005496234,0.0005179795,0.00008218629,0.0003289199,0.00018639],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989718,0.00007129887,0.0002721557,0.0001585047,0.0003227614,0.0002034498],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004429244,0.0001074016,0.0006166884,0.00006288543,0.00009037802,0.00002607732,0.0007741069,0.9706445,0.01999881,0.000119865,0.003238881,0.003877538],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00381426,0.005358414,0.0205309,0.003328123,0.0002602823,0.0005709253,0.0003012174,0.7703212,0.1927203,0.001804093,0.0003367852,0.0006534766],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9824647,0.0002380655,0.01113007,0.0001533698,0.0002300511,0.00007805494,0.000009827226,0.0000574732,0.005638425],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9914523,0.00003693825,0.00830771,0.00002198352,0.00007851849,0.000001196103,0.00001094255,0.00002712229,0.00006323245],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2003232,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5449033,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3043989219","doi":"10.1007/s00190-020-01390-8","title":"Raytracing atmospheric delays in ground-based GNSS reflectometry","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Geodesy","topic":"GNSS positioning and interference","field":"Engineering","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"Mitacs; Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico","keywords":"Zenith; GNSS applications; Geodesy; Altimeter; Atmospheric refraction; Remote sensing; Atmospheric correction; Elevation (ballistics); Reflectometry; Satellite; Physics; Geology; Computer science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01703912700695977,"gpt":0.2309609591988105,"spread":0.2139218321918508,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001403485,0.00009113456,0.0001818292,0.00003700183,0.00002063248,0.00004157216,0.0001384736,0.00004943999,0.00005484781],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006151781,0.00008691796,0.00007353281,0.0003584532,0.00001206388,0.0001719213,0.000007709174,0.0003737474,0.00001999327],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009931955,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002964525,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008734414,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003854982,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992775,0.00002250299,0.0003296469,0.0000638695,0.000147649,0.0001588715],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996687,0.00004843313,0.00007067469,0.00006007537,0.0000520797,0.0001000824],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001494738,0.00007346143,0.008655847,0.0001850093,0.00008024888,0.0001811734,0.001310216,0.91597,0.06155906,0.00008751074,0.003114106,0.008633848],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002456523,0.0009422418,0.03241334,0.0008232719,0.00005793422,0.0002239787,0.0003908974,0.9343348,0.02390787,0.0002644044,0.003641489,0.0005432667],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9508694,0.0005716407,0.04538132,0.0003161242,0.0002288434,0.00002543667,8.483498e-7,0.00004454097,0.002561875],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9943647,0.00002982502,0.00518181,0.0002675511,0.0001273654,7.351221e-7,6.126734e-7,0.00001694212,0.00001039109],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0434954,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3544412,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2117334390","doi":"10.1007/s00190-004-0425-y","title":"A Bayesian method for linear, inequality-constrained adjustment and its application to GPS positioning","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Geodesy","topic":"GNSS positioning and interference","field":"Engineering","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University; Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Global Positioning System; Bayesian probability; Mathematics; Mathematical optimization; Least-squares function approximation; Ambiguity; Prior probability; Algorithm; Computer science; Statistics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01456016508434202,"gpt":0.2968572276528615,"spread":0.2822970625685195,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003054079,0.00008024561,0.0001424147,0.00009973746,0.00004538765,0.00002328663,0.00006445206,0.00004023312,0.000008873533],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004073225,0.00007682995,0.00004801726,0.00006608454,0.000005038075,0.0001348731,0.000008316974,0.0001087492,0.000004412485],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006499621,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001414333,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002527396,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003605644,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993991,0.0000195545,0.0002989096,0.00007173259,0.00008883022,0.0001218242],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995776,0.00006494329,0.00007042369,0.00005681391,0.0001259999,0.0001042004],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001747944,0.000137863,0.0001125775,0.0002350274,0.0002315035,0.000003140464,0.002602906,0.4254853,0.3271374,0.008115062,0.001726233,0.2340382],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008975233,0.0004057722,0.001418731,0.0002550438,0.00007569539,0.0002881985,0.000129367,0.9365528,0.05473898,0.0006045613,0.004412607,0.0002207036],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.06532202,0.0003418453,0.9327546,0.0007678983,0.00008410384,0.0001450486,0.000009535578,0.00002879993,0.0005460927],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8706089,0.00001696401,0.1288557,0.0001870379,0.0002712574,0.00001525371,0.000002950015,0.00001067316,0.00003126962],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8052869,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3133034,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2024261900","doi":"10.1007/s00190-010-0368-4","title":"Ocean loading effects on the prediction of Antarctic glacial isostatic uplift and gravity rates","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Geodesy","topic":"Geophysics and Gravity Measurements","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria; Geological Survey of Canada","funders":"Natural Resources Canada; Jet Propulsion Laboratory; National Aeronautics and Space Administration","keywords":"Post-glacial rebound; Geology; Geodesy; Glacial period; Gravitational field; Climatology; Sea level; Ocean surface topography; Isostasy; Geomorphology; Seismology; Lithosphere; Tectonics; Oceanography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01262392760175848,"gpt":0.214690912688057,"spread":0.2020669850862985,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006184527,0.00007191833,0.0001365058,0.00005399412,0.0001145163,0.00003732311,0.00009761647,0.00002869315,0.00004913869],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001503498,0.00004284018,0.0000512092,0.00008365477,0.00005711261,0.0001218819,0.000004482056,0.0002660741,0.000005325255],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00000188508,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002932764,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002177265,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001329629,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992801,0.00006052389,0.0001894636,0.00006527849,0.000290441,0.000114181],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992986,0.0002684371,0.0002106907,0.00007462495,0.00007562112,0.00007200452],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008436772,0.00002727701,0.9854352,0.00003876811,0.00003686109,0.00000570866,0.0002332206,0.000106281,0.007409188,0.00006217023,0.0002035754,0.006357403],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003167631,0.0004533665,0.9886894,0.00006358268,0.00003661538,0.00002387035,0.00004796703,0.0008950962,0.004007108,0.005292202,0.000130676,0.00004330291],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9988152,0.00004205603,0.00001271033,0.0003200478,0.000568178,0.00007690604,0.00001425603,0.000001976349,0.0001486785],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996589,0.00001719413,0.00005827258,0.00008922222,0.0001636445,3.448394e-8,0.000002611026,0.000001648436,0.000008501731],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0063141,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1746972,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3157604504","doi":"10.1007/s00190-021-01510-y","title":"An uncombined triple-frequency user implementation of the decoupled clock model for PPP-AR","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Geodesy","topic":"GNSS positioning and interference","field":"Engineering","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"York University","keywords":"Convergence (economics); Precise Point Positioning; Context (archaeology); Ambiguity resolution; Computer science; Algorithm; Position (finance); Float (project management); Real-time computing; Telecommunications; GNSS applications; Global Positioning System; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01403880428345288,"gpt":0.2809419775547173,"spread":0.2669031732712644,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001569733,0.00006952035,0.0001399604,0.00004012204,0.00004149253,0.00002525443,0.0001478759,0.00003353798,0.00003710527],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003028791,0.00005360721,0.000118236,0.00008683855,0.00001291296,0.0001854337,0.000008543522,0.0001054473,5.768642e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005860405,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009674177,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001154955,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006483495,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993194,0.00001960461,0.0003660326,0.00005231838,0.0001319908,0.0001106045],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993827,0.0000279342,0.0001301767,0.000137504,0.0002799775,0.00004167027],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007650466,0.0001688877,0.008917881,0.0001673542,0.000273832,0.000004364609,0.002057668,0.4839068,0.4873738,0.007457148,0.005847576,0.003748246],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002610154,0.0003457951,0.0139832,0.0001888082,0.0001432807,0.0000766502,0.0007093016,0.7844983,0.1875451,0.009460321,0.000248252,0.0001908252],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.865447,0.0001605523,0.1336986,0.0001151278,0.0003642027,0.00006918451,0.00001758939,0.00001087699,0.0001168378],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9947569,0.00003357215,0.005010657,0.00004041228,0.00005276938,0.000003598604,0.000004945676,0.0000128362,0.00008429134],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3005916,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2186039,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2116041760","doi":"10.1007/s00190-005-0002-z","title":"A synthetic Earth Gravity Model Designed Specifically for Testing Regional Gravimetric Geoid Determination Algorithms","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Geodesy","topic":"Geophysics and Gravity Measurements","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"Australian Research Council","keywords":"Geoid; Geodesy; Undulation of the geoid; Geology; Digital elevation model; Gravity of Earth; Algorithm; Gravitational field; Geophysics; Mathematics; Physics; Remote sensing; Classical mechanics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06125437518023447,"gpt":0.2429716203480931,"spread":0.1817172451678587,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009905921,0.0001458684,0.0002467808,0.0002408126,0.0001969538,0.00009796319,0.0002168088,0.00006113265,0.00002357232],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001884878,0.0001206462,0.0001739216,0.0003604518,0.0000477119,0.0002394049,0.000005426444,0.0001548115,0.00001297389],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001127997,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001196005,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003292631,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001690967,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983674,0.00005770981,0.0004749826,0.0001771284,0.0006208643,0.0003018984],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985281,0.0003024121,0.0004358379,0.0001160837,0.0004957693,0.0001218234],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005240905,0.0005665005,0.1545423,0.0001077165,0.00008696048,0.00008390954,0.0001158121,0.1513463,0.01885557,0.000469204,0.001117364,0.6721842],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001114897,0.0006794311,0.5181321,0.00007315459,0.00009564887,0.0001571571,0.00002043852,0.4236609,0.0008107395,0.0540979,0.0008508478,0.0003067295],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.83485,0.0003065472,0.1632786,0.0002087047,0.0003230167,0.0003099294,0.00006170326,0.00001671444,0.0006448347],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.922283,0.000006638876,0.07714618,0.00005025699,0.0003056398,7.967143e-7,0.00001958624,0.000005692692,0.0001822034],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6718775,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4919808,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1941421521","doi":"10.1007/s00190-015-0855-8","title":"The GBVP approach for vertical datum unification: recent results in North America","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Geodesy","topic":"Geophysics and Gravity Measurements","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Resources Canada","keywords":"Geodetic datum; Levelling; Geodesy; Geoid; GNSS applications; Tide gauge; Geology; Undulation of the geoid; Global Positioning System; Geophysics; Computer science; Sea level","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07284176233639243,"gpt":0.2543429858662235,"spread":0.1815012235298311,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008933517,0.00005886198,0.0001122969,0.00003464881,0.00007814242,0.00005378066,0.0002291113,0.0000208859,0.000004616085],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002978244,0.00003544045,0.00004159114,0.0002110856,0.00004478163,0.0001070916,0.000005221839,0.0001399158,0.00001188106],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001029638,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000128896,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001454506,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005625436,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990125,0.00006497867,0.0003142906,0.00008400372,0.000350305,0.0001739775],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992903,0.00009680153,0.0001246301,0.0001287029,0.0002236374,0.0001359498],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.004244949,0.0004596534,0.3879078,0.00002600485,0.0001246077,0.0000213961,0.001560766,0.05863741,0.0000464632,0.0002080582,0.04515123,0.5016117],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001713958,0.0005599868,0.6562589,0.000009611122,0.00002307851,0.00001456374,0.000595442,0.01812421,0.00002319884,0.001312468,0.321239,0.0001255808],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9722719,0.001508079,0.003827768,0.009436872,0.001871426,0.0005827665,0.0001295298,0.00001034851,0.01036132],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974503,0.000139606,0.001974527,0.0001169497,0.0001668253,6.18334e-7,0.0000627596,0.000001728908,0.00008671366],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5014861,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.144522,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386122623","doi":"10.1007/s00190-023-01768-4","title":"Combining ERA5 data and CYGNSS observations for the joint retrieval of global significant wave height of ocean swell and wind wave: a deep convolutional neural network approach","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Geodesy","topic":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Swell; Significant wave height; Convolutional neural network; Support vector machine; Remote sensing; Correlation coefficient; Wind wave; Computer science; Meteorology; Artificial intelligence; Environmental science; Geology; Machine learning; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.08011520504126929,"gpt":0.2552877797372266,"spread":0.1751725746959573,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009021309,0.0000990784,0.0002385205,0.00001887787,0.0001711436,0.0000239119,0.0001543469,0.00005288633,0.000003282219],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001366578,0.00006468453,0.00006207353,0.0002836585,0.0003582641,0.0001529586,0.0002386627,0.0001479249,2.19292e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004190216,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003108312,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005856969,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003654945,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988214,0.00005616077,0.0004361008,0.000157605,0.0003335276,0.0001951928],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990253,0.0002891654,0.0003702544,0.0001924248,0.00004463,0.00007819405],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002163774,0.0005799371,0.6429659,0.0003383178,0.001213521,0.0001264963,0.005749126,0.2387242,0.02720552,0.002349144,0.03600422,0.04257984],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005891022,0.0001229636,0.6537513,0.00003329688,0.00009536605,0.000170818,0.0005816118,0.343154,0.00007111293,0.001093274,0.0002659864,0.00007112078],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.996043,0.0004140107,0.002039711,0.0008832787,0.0001974037,0.0001779483,0.00002835893,0.000004643331,0.0002116501],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9953831,0.00009356606,0.004258486,0.00008352938,0.0001356895,5.156359e-8,0.0000171447,0.000007079872,0.00002134052],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1044298,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2637759,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2024278133","doi":"10.1007/s00190-007-0175-8","title":"Short Note: Strain invariants","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Geodesy","topic":"Historical Geography and Cartography","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung","keywords":"Geodetic datum; Geodesy; Invariant (physics); Robustness (evolution); Coordinate system; Computer science; Context (archaeology); Mathematics; Algorithm; Artificial intelligence; Geography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01994518972192309,"gpt":0.3253872407809399,"spread":0.3054420510590168,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002870862,0.00006502005,0.0001506462,0.0002417528,0.0002566313,0.00003568156,0.0002473153,0.0001012114,0.0001535018],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001762719,0.00005712377,0.0002518297,0.0006634418,0.000173172,0.0002050526,0.000009612662,0.0002529694,0.000008454349],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006687006,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001124644,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001465379,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006386241,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986285,0.00008144238,0.0003368183,0.00007128234,0.0005862806,0.0002956683],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992046,0.0001238474,0.0001277677,0.00007473426,0.0001880291,0.000280988],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003044287,0.0005957041,0.09500057,0.00001659407,0.0001868676,0.0007216253,0.03052314,0.00002500599,0.0047843,0.05619015,0.02506826,0.7865834],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002981067,0.0001733061,0.1097711,0.00002921183,0.00004689876,0.0000236403,0.003246693,0.000001150041,0.0001223695,0.005302301,0.8808063,0.0001789284],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.538463,0.001989749,0.03782462,0.00267651,0.004748404,0.0002462689,0.00001494282,0.00007210967,0.4139644],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975407,0.0001267375,0.001086522,0.0002291899,0.0007235448,2.081216e-7,3.088024e-7,0.000004724871,0.0002881084],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.855738,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.232944,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2061893205","doi":"10.1007/s001900100217","title":"Spherical harmonic analysis and synthesis for global multiresolution applications","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Geodesy","topic":"Digital Filter Design and Implementation","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Pacific Institute for the Mathematical Sciences","funders":"","keywords":"Computation; Scalar (mathematics); Spherical harmonics; Harmonic analysis; Multiresolution analysis; Convolution (computer science); Computer science; Dilation (metric space); Algorithm; Harmonic; Applied mathematics; Mathematics; Algebra over a field; Computational science; Mathematical analysis; Geometry; Pure mathematics; Physics; Artificial intelligence; Wavelet","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03914701974110806,"gpt":0.2873069322746638,"spread":0.2481599125335557,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001493821,0.00005580449,0.0001302923,0.0000701032,0.00006022694,0.0001488206,0.0002032911,0.00001933301,0.00001247871],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003859175,0.0000484867,0.000119726,0.0004356047,0.00001800505,0.00049115,0.00002841621,0.00002936406,0.00000378351],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005716258,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001152586,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000483202,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004281391,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993676,0.00002105985,0.0002482607,0.0001025341,0.0001471484,0.0001134066],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994476,0.0000978491,0.0001713738,0.0001081094,0.00009675293,0.00007833551],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001550758,0.0002179055,0.003761617,0.00001361327,0.0003521107,0.000003140877,0.0001214619,0.0001149025,0.001199756,0.008056393,0.002375042,0.9837685],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002343797,0.0007563244,0.1217815,0.00003516959,0.00124687,0.0002513724,0.0001189358,0.7995414,0.004338487,0.01821247,0.05082901,0.0005446997],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.007072095,0.0001875507,0.9916288,0.000688848,0.00003302833,0.0000941715,0.000007017887,0.00001084597,0.0002776229],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.872914,0.00004511137,0.1268246,0.0001019456,0.00004284627,0.00001429999,7.105347e-7,0.000002023921,0.00005443562],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9832239,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.197723,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2912346654","doi":"10.1007/s00190-019-01233-1","title":"Consistency and analysis of ionospheric observables obtained from three precise point positioning models","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Geodesy","topic":"GNSS positioning and interference","field":"Engineering","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"China Scholarship Council; National Natural Science Foundation of China; University of Calgary","keywords":"Observable; Consistency (knowledge bases); Ionosphere; Code (set theory); Point (geometry); Precise Point Positioning; Computer science; Global Positioning System; Statistical physics; Geodesy; Mathematics; Physics; Telecommunications; Geology; GNSS applications; Geometry; Geophysics; Set (abstract data type)","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01221851104656503,"gpt":0.1959664159796995,"spread":0.1837479049331345,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001346085,0.00009629509,0.0003595877,0.0001258955,0.0000265353,0.00004001171,0.0001033361,0.00004937495,0.000123928],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001809679,0.00008642016,0.0001410361,0.0002278229,0.00002367374,0.0003233982,0.00001760102,0.0001313338,0.000002720084],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003956795,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002046096,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008078015,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002459777,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992313,0.00001908751,0.0004127735,0.00008089055,0.0001483763,0.0001075998],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993699,0.0001052839,0.0001668409,0.0001334456,0.0001633073,0.00006126414],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006236637,0.00004764144,0.06515869,0.00005235863,0.001883345,0.000005592622,0.0008638217,0.9018388,0.02721962,0.0009274951,0.000184939,0.001755343],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004320209,0.0001362117,0.1480476,0.0003175362,0.0007406831,0.00001595965,0.0001934086,0.8430642,0.001932712,0.004967716,0.00001304384,0.0001388813],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.962195,0.001400082,0.03387317,0.00003060637,0.000126694,0.00003868967,0.0000178595,0.0000166488,0.00230124],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9931796,0.0001350685,0.006601635,0.00001585687,0.00002110246,6.302113e-7,0.000008084593,0.000009830152,0.00002822879],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08288894,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3524112,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2050812521","doi":"10.1007/s00190-005-0452-3","title":"Applications of downward-continuation in gravimetric geoid modeling: case studies in Western Canada","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Geodesy","topic":"Geophysics and Gravity Measurements","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada","funders":"University of Calgary","keywords":"Geoid; Geodesy; Bouguer anomaly; Geology; Undulation of the geoid; Gravity anomaly; Dynamic height; Global Positioning System; Geophysics; Hydrography; Computer science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04507000772138472,"gpt":0.2746010645046563,"spread":0.2295310567832715,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005851168,0.00006531167,0.0002006876,0.0002524337,0.00002820336,0.00000918501,0.00009716344,0.00002126171,0.00001414752],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004245826,0.00005464666,0.00003358633,0.0003973672,0.00001521011,0.0001449089,0.000004889719,0.0001269757,0.000002498413],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003045189,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001633412,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.3231633,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9039738,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990043,0.00004015622,0.0004505971,0.00007159283,0.000304401,0.0001289622],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994389,0.00004526721,0.0002196852,0.0000725693,0.0001732212,0.00005039786],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000206483,0.00005078769,0.7489291,0.00002070276,0.00001972941,0.0001108407,0.0003643824,0.1708802,0.00002295223,0.000003981981,0.00004903844,0.07952761],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002771956,0.0002658702,0.887915,0.0002074317,0.0000893297,0.000914726,0.002685558,0.09812905,0.0002343707,0.002858044,0.003512237,0.0004164438],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9978954,0.001459405,0.0002563932,0.0001340197,0.00007442295,0.00009058418,0.00001340568,8.304874e-7,0.00007549848],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994553,0.00009247385,0.0003134879,0.00003987056,0.00006500295,6.115859e-7,0.000003621377,0.000001314165,0.00002828614],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5808105,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6813439,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1998620622","doi":"10.1007/s00190-006-0035-y","title":"A VLBI Delay Model for Radio Sources at a Finite Distance","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Geodesy","topic":"GNSS positioning and interference","field":"Engineering","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Institute of Information and Communications Technology; Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency; York University","keywords":"Very-long-baseline interferometry; Geodesy; Geology; Physics; Astronomy","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009273335548543862,"gpt":0.2016767233000993,"spread":0.1924033877515554,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009553019,0.00008286089,0.0001392795,0.00005662828,0.00005602515,0.00003467513,0.0001050402,0.00003747919,0.000009313676],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000171595,0.00007256421,0.0001071787,0.00004198711,0.00001794744,0.0001167897,0.000007363828,0.0001054218,0.00000539899],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008731181,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001293663,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004787078,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002005424,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994308,0.000005566781,0.0002567115,0.00005198984,0.0001032017,0.0001517552],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996754,0.00005959535,0.00007967492,0.00006937433,0.00007253399,0.00004343583],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004230626,0.00001703614,0.0003307807,0.000027059,0.00002372034,0.000003994513,0.0002123897,0.9854096,0.002320351,0.0003998443,0.01090548,0.0003074099],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003811767,0.00006133259,0.0003452731,0.0001016673,0.00002354895,0.00007742584,0.00001038896,0.9895669,0.002259812,0.001600104,0.0054708,0.0001015718],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4348685,0.0008323534,0.5625341,0.00005508696,0.0001338753,0.00003206358,0.00001401706,0.00002672047,0.001503323],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9927574,0.00003160875,0.005463751,0.0000237324,0.0001615956,0.000003518728,0.000002567989,0.00001607228,0.001539774],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5578889,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2959082,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2022662535","doi":"10.1007/s00190-011-0503-x","title":"Ray-traced slant factors for mitigating the tropospheric delay at the observation level","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Geodesy","topic":"GNSS positioning and interference","field":"Engineering","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"","keywords":"Zenith; Residual; Troposphere; Azimuth; Geodesy; Precise Point Positioning; Remote sensing; Ray tracing (physics); Environmental science; Mathematics; Meteorology; Geology; GNSS applications; Geography; Satellite; Physics; Optics; Geometry; Algorithm","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.08033763728195518,"gpt":0.2358946743680744,"spread":0.1555570370861192,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002280277,0.00008314481,0.0001008703,0.00001352509,0.0001534319,0.00003112886,0.0001754683,0.00003445436,0.00004781234],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007709861,0.00004306969,0.0001041738,0.00005321552,0.00002414479,0.0001282629,0.00001121218,0.0001685303,0.000004511837],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000066683,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001401064,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003097245,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002319149,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994212,0.00002286743,0.0002627927,0.00004337655,0.0001144308,0.0001352736],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994794,0.0001583874,0.0001338847,0.00009591036,0.0001003009,0.00003213753],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006823913,0.0002951054,0.08568385,0.0003679204,0.001914637,0.00002863154,0.09265394,0.2638339,0.4444438,0.006170864,0.06800555,0.03591942],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001968964,0.001040571,0.6343356,0.0006159371,0.0003753177,0.0003726617,0.006289656,0.1620581,0.177875,0.002826113,0.01152894,0.0007130887],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9572843,0.0002081672,0.04138482,0.0001283417,0.0004038643,0.00007432335,0.000006494238,0.00001698873,0.0004927382],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9965997,0.00002178236,0.002871833,0.00005297344,0.0000918687,0.000004060073,0.000002022079,0.00001402096,0.0003417709],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5486518,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1756331,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2066059884","doi":"10.1007/s001900050280","title":"A new method for computing the ellipsoidal correction for Stokes's formula","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Geodesy","topic":"Geophysics and Gravity Measurements","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Ellipsoid; Mathematics; Stokes flow; Mathematical analysis; Singularity; Boundary (topology); Function (biology); Geometry; Surface (topology); Kernel (algebra); Physics; Combinatorics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02579632305173812,"gpt":0.2791943072725059,"spread":0.2533979842207678,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009644268,0.00007321184,0.0001411869,0.00003222273,0.0002222396,0.00006416624,0.0001523932,0.00002920343,0.0002045505],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004064133,0.00004588022,0.0001726025,0.00007807314,0.000008509219,0.0001241779,0.000001734098,0.0001079232,0.0000108399],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000005068616,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007357665,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005224498,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003124985,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992613,0.00003771592,0.0002388534,0.00007270976,0.0002061375,0.0001833049],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992742,0.0002956891,0.0001762245,0.00006428158,0.0001087954,0.00008082636],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000212484,0.00001152307,0.003632012,0.000007226251,0.00003787758,4.719431e-7,0.0002039619,0.05028107,0.00005841697,0.00001371921,0.01111395,0.9344273],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002654176,0.001509709,0.1042642,0.00007472325,0.0001805163,0.0001551246,0.0002608548,0.5393089,0.0005863098,0.01480597,0.3359344,0.0002650376],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3376905,0.0004310008,0.6559654,0.001433071,0.002627224,0.0005936961,0.00003425997,0.0000116962,0.001213192],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9264559,0.00002155331,0.06916482,0.0004586116,0.001414254,5.041467e-7,0.00001387261,0.000005572572,0.002464919],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9341623,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2239684,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}