{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":5,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":5,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"b5f5e4094ff4","filters":{"venue":"Journal of Global Slavery"}},"results":[{"id":"W4388182294","doi":"10.1163/2405836x-00802015","title":"Oldendorp’s “Amina”","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Global Slavery","topic":"Colonialism, slavery, and trade","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"Economic and Social Research Council; Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek","keywords":"Contextualization; Identity (music); Diaspora; Danish; Sociology; Anthropology; Gender studies; Aesthetics; Philosophy; Interpretation (philosophy); Linguistics","authors":[{"name":"Sean M. Kelley","is_ca":false},{"name":"Paul E. Lovejoy","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02383590939006631,"gpt":0.3492986219929857,"spread":0.3254627126029194,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001727693,0.0003130987,0.00018598,0.00136397,0.003092398,0.0025789,0.0006171801,0.001238248,0.003114104],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0027326,0.0001291109,0.0001496314,0.0008079782,0.01222249,0.003536009,0.002613089,0.002337298,0.0004392025],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002470684,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00169727,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005168025,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008990636,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983202,0.000954314,0.00006266785,0.0002715268,0.0002371859,0.0001540646],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989825,0.0004794589,0.0001145109,0.0001408702,0.0001998183,0.00008277021],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000151378,0.000007045683,0.0003524347,0.00004243862,0.000002117665,0.0001471478,0.01592953,0.00003415158,0.0001843696,0.9661554,0.006022396,0.01110785],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007177046,0.00002547611,0.001617124,0.0003759286,0.000009823453,0.0007507693,0.01190108,0.0002556325,0.0005932697,0.1628654,0.8215781,0.00002033395],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.04615986,0.01105923,0.01093565,0.03414202,0.001908547,0.00005092778,0.00009704043,0.00005788594,0.8955888],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9398398,0.002403601,0.004717789,0.002414186,0.0003549791,0.00005803385,0.00003125871,0.00003568011,0.05014468],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.005168025,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01792616,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2324158860","doi":"10.1163/2405836x-00101003","title":"Jihad and the Era of the Second Slavery","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Global Slavery","topic":"Colonialism, slavery, and trade","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Colonialism; Atlantic World; Context (archaeology); Empire; Islam; Autonomy; Economic history; Political science; Economy; History; Development economics; Political economy; Ethnology; Ancient history; Sociology; Law; Economics; Archaeology","authors":[{"name":"Paul E. Lovejoy","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008343150653270449,"gpt":0.2634184000615314,"spread":0.255075249408261,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001568768,0.0002626287,0.0003129158,0.001013977,0.01005689,0.005698991,0.000231516,0.001873423,0.00333407],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001763096,0.0001607358,0.0001690463,0.0007016413,0.03059272,0.003556164,0.004700304,0.004323261,0.000210398],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003753573,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002964577,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004943386,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009519266,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987937,0.0005334853,0.00002566102,0.0001102971,0.0001620358,0.0003747082],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989453,0.0005413446,0.0001531673,0.0001014872,0.0000690815,0.0001896435],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002208595,0.00002238499,0.00101346,0.00004504107,0.000003406244,0.0004165698,0.07062772,0.00003912997,0.0001746995,0.9136442,0.005574139,0.008417108],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002587411,0.00005479451,0.004970441,0.0005905756,0.000005536514,0.001025367,0.03223544,0.0001127592,0.0001979903,0.3071322,0.6536267,0.00002217812],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2039126,0.1122167,0.001163381,0.1180629,0.002681731,0.00002316846,0.00003679222,0.00002563715,0.5618771],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9627979,0.01202653,0.0002330416,0.006266978,0.001298885,0.00001518824,0.000007749444,0.00001042536,0.01734327],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01005689,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0272342,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2565670110","doi":"10.1163/2405836x-00102011","title":"Before Middle Passage: Translated Portuguese Manuscripts of Atlantic Slave Trading from West Africa to Iberian Territories, 1513–1526, edited by Trevor P. Hall","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Global Slavery","topic":"Colonialism, slavery, and trade","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Portuguese; History; Ancient history; Geography; Archaeology; Philosophy; Linguistics","authors":[{"name":"Paul E. Lovejoy","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02270359011077296,"gpt":0.2593002613054375,"spread":0.2365966711946645,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001255867,0.0008961393,0.0004984373,0.001957239,0.003070238,0.004126693,0.0004622815,0.000786403,0.0154073],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003254037,0.0002449712,0.0002369954,0.002272457,0.001673062,0.001557929,0.001251049,0.00176434,0.001969508],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002740299,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003170622,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01843371,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.04303614,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996706,0.0001098014,0.00003771204,0.00004141217,0.00008701105,0.00005351039],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992076,0.0003158819,0.000098555,0.00007314876,0.0002285994,0.00007637509],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006864868,0.00006250321,0.00145409,0.001992101,0.00004426523,0.001183638,0.03280374,0.0002618916,0.002788238,0.03577191,0.7313991,0.1915521],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008141879,0.000008734297,0.004464888,0.0006103883,0.000005191167,0.0001639705,0.002649672,0.0000193528,0.0003464815,0.0006310703,0.9910843,0.000007850629],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.04735713,0.4071122,0.001195104,0.05471492,0.1139688,0.00009726655,0.00278253,0.0001567603,0.3726153],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.314145,0.1810081,0.003674051,0.01123196,0.05210653,0.0001288252,0.00220755,0.001048854,0.434449],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01843371,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05154252,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2561509727","doi":"10.1163/2405836x-00102013","title":"Black Morocco: A History of Slavery, Race, and Islam, written by Chouki El Hamel","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Global Slavery","topic":"Global Maritime and Colonial Histories","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Islam; Race (biology); Art; History; Sociology; Gender studies; Archaeology","authors":[{"name":"Ann McDougall","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00800787378914899,"gpt":0.2505738244431605,"spread":0.2425659506540115,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008407035,0.0007534885,0.00041079,0.001451138,0.007496058,0.002340109,0.0003832675,0.001596786,0.003757428],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001266109,0.0001954862,0.0001612254,0.001284566,0.003237236,0.001441455,0.0013602,0.00238521,0.0005044165],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.004108425,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003819718,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.08759092,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.2432564,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997556,0.00008962082,0.0000153671,0.00002134212,0.00004575647,0.00007230116],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999513,0.0002659748,0.00006632745,0.00001026472,0.00007553761,0.0000688765],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004069251,0.00006316802,0.004893355,0.001670463,0.0000411647,0.004935385,0.2503527,0.0002460741,0.002268395,0.05239795,0.5853152,0.09740923],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008006801,0.0000238346,0.01017097,0.0007367778,0.000008781783,0.0004869361,0.03465471,0.0000401574,0.0002111604,0.0006745927,0.9529688,0.00001513067],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.1361254,0.4528328,0.0004519963,0.2503147,0.07143562,0.00009485351,0.0008801431,0.00005145006,0.08781311],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6736838,0.1048624,0.0007274332,0.04435667,0.02336128,0.00009094153,0.0002875034,0.0001718806,0.1524581],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08759092,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1741622,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3126997727","doi":"10.1163/2405836x-00601005","title":"The Whip and the Hoe","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Global Slavery","topic":"Colonialism, slavery, and trade","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Work (physics); Productivity; Field (mathematics); Economics; Economic growth; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"Justin Roberts","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008964491935080466,"gpt":0.2923975533985615,"spread":0.283433061463481,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00162394,0.0002974637,0.0002649035,0.0008053707,0.008472151,0.00567384,0.0003998452,0.001787191,0.02018816],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003721942,0.0002000276,0.0001941563,0.0005583661,0.01996195,0.004191654,0.004878385,0.003900021,0.00175637],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002152179,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002772737,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01056217,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02538194,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998618,0.0005504285,0.00003076365,0.0001597539,0.0003067841,0.0003342889],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986313,0.0004572448,0.0001740974,0.0001879728,0.0001942445,0.0003550984],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005125851,0.00003198679,0.002593021,0.00008531022,0.00001168765,0.0009941105,0.09296255,0.0001188145,0.0004153319,0.757021,0.1053011,0.04041386],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000015305,0.0000385976,0.001854981,0.0002688739,0.000004877582,0.0005037567,0.05382879,0.0001514356,0.0001767556,0.07635258,0.8667848,0.00001927663],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.06587472,0.01248829,0.002302067,0.09994203,0.003893541,0.00003365574,0.00007591052,0.00009813719,0.8152917],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7755433,0.003281627,0.0004447133,0.006958235,0.0007167592,0.00001486587,0.00001806203,0.00006706852,0.2129553],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02018816,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06753612,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}