{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":10,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":10,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"query_hash":"0dd9d11dd977","filters":{"venue":"Journal of Graphics Tools"}},"results":[{"id":"W2003099669","doi":"10.1080/2151237x.2007.10129236","title":"Adaptive Thresholding using the Integral Image","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Graphics Tools","topic":"Image Enhancement Techniques","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":1397,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada; Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Thresholding; Artificial intelligence; Computer science; Computer vision; Balanced histogram thresholding; Pixel; Image (mathematics); Frame (networking); Graphics; Image processing; Computer graphics (images); Computer graphics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05634350697886052,"gpt":0.3206532577883418,"spread":0.2643097508094812,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002842198,0.0001213891,0.0001711856,0.0003068185,0.0001662058,0.0003176033,0.001197319,0.00005212485,0.00000490433],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001398883,0.00007733541,0.0001801834,0.0006434948,0.0001262866,0.001729171,0.0001783729,0.000564285,0.000001298358],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007150602,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007671809,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007900079,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004011594,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985604,0.00005895657,0.00047115,0.0001201076,0.0005111954,0.0002782056],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984828,0.0002434435,0.0004757403,0.0003173756,0.0004152795,0.00006532824],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001523096,0.0002612519,0.002027855,0.00002069909,0.0002683775,0.0009947745,0.003324279,0.0000652934,0.2597881,0.6039619,0.007010431,0.1221247],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001291892,0.001501741,0.009167683,0.0007219933,0.000121579,0.00222161,0.001269475,0.03825191,0.7562117,0.1817337,0.006539262,0.0009674433],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.05255337,0.0002036818,0.94524,0.0004371041,0.0003677671,0.00009330975,4.507127e-7,0.0000405818,0.001063781],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7106866,0.00004150015,0.2886416,0.0004510007,0.0001595584,4.646983e-7,6.094267e-8,0.000007683904,0.00001160111],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6581332,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3153646,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1999129255","doi":"10.1080/10867651.2002.10487554","title":"Parameter Estimation for Photographic Tone Reproduction","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Graphics Tools","topic":"Image Enhancement Techniques","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":130,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Utah; Ryerson University; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Computer science; Tone (literature); Set (abstract data type); Photography; Range (aeronautics); Operator (biology); Process (computing); Tone mapping; Pixel; Sample (material); Code (set theory); Computer vision; Artificial intelligence; Algorithm; High dynamic range; Dynamic range; Engineering; Art","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05001962707591785,"gpt":0.3034879551484206,"spread":0.2534683280725028,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009837382,0.0001069245,0.0001844596,0.0004592203,0.00009348444,0.0002194507,0.0004817692,0.00006247569,0.00001239664],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000485981,0.00009473946,0.0001991147,0.0006114791,0.00004711339,0.00172191,0.00003564756,0.0001926937,0.000002970101],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000024352,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000129396,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001293971,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.736924e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987455,0.00004503563,0.0004840685,0.0002039356,0.0003456211,0.0001758676],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984469,0.0001576898,0.0005024968,0.0004322318,0.0004080165,0.0000526191],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007869536,0.0007775944,0.0006666253,0.0001282306,0.0002335444,0.00004192721,0.001086377,0.0002589043,0.04558487,0.07985077,0.05439559,0.8168969],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002155608,0.003382751,0.003291403,0.0003372003,0.0001417006,0.0008224727,0.00002618698,0.319184,0.3270474,0.309822,0.0329088,0.0008804919],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.02193084,0.0003417397,0.975276,0.001474816,0.0005004743,0.0002608321,9.925307e-7,0.00008198517,0.0001323312],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5245277,0.000308343,0.4746666,0.0002617281,0.0001342728,0.00002033172,6.735741e-7,0.000009419558,0.00007092726],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8160164,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3863363,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2083340588","doi":"10.1080/10867651.2004.10487597","title":"Fast Ray-Axis Aligned Bounding Box Overlap Tests with Plucker Coordinates","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Graphics Tools","topic":"Optical measurement and interference techniques","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":39,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Minimum bounding box; Silhouette; Intersection (aeronautics); Vectorization (mathematics); Projection (relational algebra); Computer science; Algorithm; Division (mathematics); Bounding overwatch; Product (mathematics); Plane (geometry); Computer vision; Mathematics; Artificial intelligence; Geometry; Arithmetic; Image (mathematics); Parallel computing; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0296229117680516,"gpt":0.2641946438929882,"spread":0.2345717321249366,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007602396,0.0001970289,0.0003245501,0.0003383589,0.0001376414,0.0006012323,0.0009128677,0.00009098497,0.000009695624],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000182313,0.0001377163,0.0001580941,0.0006221422,0.0001328518,0.001808698,0.00009020188,0.0003068861,0.000006326602],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009701422,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001629264,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009971196,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009965724,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982238,0.00004319376,0.0004826465,0.0002029249,0.0007157664,0.0003316553],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984644,0.000110008,0.0003737186,0.000307821,0.0005671903,0.0001768783],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003183346,0.0009883676,0.03488455,0.0001000445,0.0004702852,0.0005470634,0.001849672,0.0001862779,0.08762089,0.8548449,0.002567012,0.01562261],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.009056058,0.02275384,0.09245338,0.005566543,0.0003011713,0.001754944,0.0007254873,0.0009472181,0.434392,0.4220978,0.00713786,0.002813674],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4906702,0.0003183419,0.4994854,0.004003612,0.0005146236,0.0002619298,0.000002461079,0.0001793253,0.004564134],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9532719,0.00006797438,0.04619209,0.0003369901,0.00008968959,0.000003395602,3.360817e-7,0.00001202257,0.0000255976],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4626017,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5797697,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1965843221","doi":"10.1080/10867651.2004.10504894","title":"Improving the Reliability/Cost Ratio of Goniophotometric Comparisons","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Graphics Tools","topic":"Calibration and Measurement Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"National Science Council","keywords":"Generalization; Computer science; Subdivision; Computation; Function (biology); Algorithm; Transmittance; Reliability (semiconductor); Scattering; Upper and lower bounds; Computer graphics; Bidirectional reflectance distribution function; Computational science; Mathematical optimization; Computer graphics (images); Mathematics; Optics; Mathematical analysis; Engineering; Reflectivity; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03572070562898812,"gpt":0.2514067261676526,"spread":0.2156860205386645,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007668927,0.00008002449,0.0001809749,0.0003231121,0.00004357622,0.00005317993,0.0001842885,0.00005355845,0.0000137363],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000259103,0.00005635937,0.0001480379,0.0007442794,0.0000474913,0.0002514397,0.00001176496,0.0003087574,0.000001005669],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006104007,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006354574,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001070154,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008201978,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990358,0.00002436822,0.0004865812,0.00004649647,0.0003047052,0.0001020406],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992831,0.00009401941,0.0001926813,0.000167518,0.0002130996,0.00004963433],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000131389,0.0005737006,0.01084138,0.0005690451,0.0003143239,0.00002093566,0.001228103,0.1260727,0.783591,0.0372096,0.01855389,0.02089385],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002462247,0.0006537616,0.03828488,0.0003179901,0.0002011911,0.0001401373,0.0003259846,0.008842926,0.9176921,0.004522135,0.0260603,0.0004963794],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5605756,0.001049047,0.4352955,0.0005575478,0.0006194316,0.0004800906,0.00001090201,0.0001340573,0.001277846],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969612,0.0002469871,0.002654734,0.00006252008,0.00005417757,0.000003987011,7.076603e-7,0.00001120455,0.000004496013],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4363856,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2298269,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2039809986","doi":"10.1080/2151237x.2005.10129190","title":"Adaptive Slice Geometry for Hardware-Assisted Volume Rendering","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Graphics Tools","topic":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Computer graphics (images); Computer science; Rendering (computer graphics); Volume rendering; Geometry; Computer hardware; Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05572318299774348,"gpt":0.3068096206044521,"spread":0.2510864376067086,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00100708,0.0001682412,0.0003142114,0.0008182276,0.0001700011,0.0003949207,0.00104347,0.0001080753,0.000005582933],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001199155,0.0001567587,0.0003558173,0.001075364,0.00004168537,0.001314576,0.0001591623,0.0002819476,0.000001609778],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005241121,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010811,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000351514,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005651369,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983133,0.00005921052,0.0006822119,0.0002305942,0.0004505623,0.0002641327],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977917,0.0002122042,0.0006332858,0.000357721,0.0008543553,0.0001507427],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004392369,0.0002382536,0.0008505998,0.00003455831,0.0001767443,0.00001643999,0.0004748734,0.0001047241,0.000553792,0.8060369,0.01625601,0.1752131],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002403499,0.002579229,0.02550944,0.000411505,0.0001051044,0.000595711,0.0000864313,0.4975688,0.008304204,0.0569695,0.404361,0.001105576],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.004791389,0.0003838339,0.993098,0.0009557616,0.0003451215,0.0001592747,0.000006834506,0.0001061267,0.0001537152],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7479838,0.0002559058,0.2503452,0.0008632212,0.0004140743,0.00001063905,0.000002083085,0.00002140225,0.0001036935],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7490675,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6392432,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2010306732","doi":"10.1080/10867651.2003.10487589","title":"Generalized Stratified Sampling Using the Hilbert Curve","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Graphics Tools","topic":"Manufacturing Process and Optimization","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Stratification (seeds); Hilbert space; Stratified sampling; Sampling (signal processing); Mathematics; Curse of dimensionality; Monte Carlo method; Applied mathematics; Convergence (economics); Coherence (philosophical gambling strategy); Algorithm; Statistics; Computer science; Mathematical analysis; Telecommunications","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05438609474680895,"gpt":0.2697460978063443,"spread":0.2153600030595353,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004038268,0.00009793774,0.0001461382,0.00009604041,0.00009784235,0.0001351595,0.000123677,0.0000587727,0.00003520211],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007792845,0.00006712906,0.000120736,0.0001700759,0.0000189592,0.0002320068,0.00000481834,0.0002510539,4.162011e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000210173,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003031858,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003143087,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003662739,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992689,0.0000354048,0.0003302491,0.00005078912,0.0001809793,0.0001336386],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995339,0.00007537974,0.0001323859,0.0001070539,0.0001050557,0.00004620766],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007951519,0.00001172509,0.0003317882,0.0000378955,0.00009931336,0.000004026024,0.000194398,0.9857839,0.001523717,0.01107009,0.0001512225,0.0007839652],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006956086,0.0004201826,0.009914634,0.0009581235,0.001081541,0.001512677,0.0009505848,0.6137993,0.1583271,0.08321995,0.1201568,0.002703014],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6794877,0.001412336,0.3171631,0.00007432792,0.0007262983,0.00009675704,0.000002582316,0.00003221696,0.001004736],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9847642,0.0004555806,0.01456265,0.00006612261,0.0001121658,8.476067e-7,9.462125e-7,0.00002054588,0.00001691465],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3719846,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2737444,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2041739901","doi":"10.1080/10867651.2002.10487573","title":"Factorization of the Ashikhmin BRDF for Real-Time Rendering","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Graphics Tools","topic":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Bidirectional reflectance distribution function; Factorization; Computer science; Rendering (computer graphics); Computer graphics (images); Graphics; Artificial intelligence; Computational science; Algorithm; Reflectivity; Optics; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05000497352024354,"gpt":0.281095861281438,"spread":0.2310908877611945,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000533523,0.00009376733,0.000194261,0.0002633776,0.00009991961,0.0001324294,0.0008385942,0.00006714818,0.000006604351],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001165893,0.00006790375,0.0002475119,0.0007559875,0.00003779563,0.0005070684,0.0001026377,0.0001210134,3.150863e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001629613,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003206677,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000284786,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001245972,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988204,0.00006347039,0.0005238503,0.0001131042,0.0003553824,0.0001238198],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998275,0.0001947291,0.0006878549,0.0003196829,0.0004745345,0.00004822395],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006398096,0.0001322931,0.002242808,0.00004441909,0.00006281965,0.00000181851,0.0007964886,0.00004695372,0.007485972,0.9697455,0.005512794,0.01392174],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001967779,0.001856777,0.03055517,0.0007212211,0.0001097659,0.000167837,0.00003859293,0.4889271,0.09673398,0.3507775,0.02731387,0.0008304401],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.01112988,0.00007593753,0.9876043,0.0004595244,0.0003325971,0.0001483239,0.000004230105,0.00003508102,0.0002100913],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9776109,0.0005129114,0.0215633,0.0001108026,0.000113982,0.000003083901,7.280968e-7,0.00001174322,0.00007255802],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.966481,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2769035,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2062190392","doi":"10.1080/2151237x.2005.10129205","title":"Implementing the IBar Camera Widget","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Graphics Tools","topic":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Athabasca University","keywords":"Perspective (graphical); Distortion (music); Computer science; Projection (relational algebra); Lens (geology); Computer vision; Computer graphics (images); Object (grammar); Camera lens; Artificial intelligence; Optics; Physics; Telecommunications; Algorithm","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02482750791552202,"gpt":0.3058796857265445,"spread":0.2810521778110225,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001091716,0.00008201018,0.0001272155,0.0001317685,0.0002495056,0.0002777941,0.0008627531,0.00001822522,0.00001703668],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001126879,0.00005086683,0.000139729,0.0003601536,0.00003964504,0.001397446,0.0001750292,0.000336905,0.000008547802],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001817449,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005194252,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001278896,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002542079,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988183,0.00005279408,0.0004005372,0.00009604974,0.0003648843,0.0002674507],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989489,0.0001541054,0.0003657492,0.0002644359,0.0001913152,0.00007554888],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006114539,0.00005150204,0.001954034,0.000004328537,0.00004329875,0.00002793164,0.0009319976,0.0001813109,0.002630032,0.09991133,0.009663133,0.884595],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007514957,0.0001387329,0.008375967,0.00007120435,0.00001795605,0.0004828873,0.0002116606,0.033234,0.002813402,0.01618533,0.9374868,0.0002305795],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.02797373,0.0009913092,0.9447902,0.02386727,0.0004499218,0.00008246571,0.000001190742,0.00003099988,0.00181284],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.871086,0.0003144715,0.1225418,0.005507651,0.0004433455,9.122229e-7,1.975081e-7,0.000009006935,0.00009665794],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9278237,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2678775,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2037320347","doi":"10.1080/10867651.2004.10504902","title":"Controlled Texture Pushing and Crossing Seams in UV Space Using Maya and Photorealistic Renderman","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Graphics Tools","topic":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Vancouver Aquarium","funders":"","keywords":"Texture (cosmology); Channel (broadcasting); Artificial intelligence; Computer graphics (images); Space (punctuation); Maya; Character (mathematics); Computer vision; Computer science; Vector space; Transition (genetics); Geology; Geometry; Geography; Image (mathematics); Mathematics; Archaeology; Telecommunications","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0319175687265558,"gpt":0.3084802958240799,"spread":0.2765627270975241,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["scholarly_communication"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009312512,0.0001534439,0.0003834942,0.0005990134,0.0002101591,0.001313383,0.000294379,0.0001000063,4.745473e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008676451,0.0001311656,0.00008883378,0.0005968359,0.000118915,0.0009161448,0.0001354757,0.000343782,3.110839e-8],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004195309,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001339822,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006346223,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003948949,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987088,0.00008126749,0.0005113451,0.0002008878,0.0002992174,0.0001985058],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989441,0.0001502607,0.0004270496,0.0001759763,0.0001797152,0.0001229201],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008715993,0.0001605746,0.0123218,0.00009579268,0.00008726209,0.0003578073,0.003613862,0.0003306618,0.00467791,0.9715501,0.00007136216,0.006645727],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01652302,0.0007593175,0.07538623,0.002151487,0.0001125549,0.003033575,0.0001994587,0.3571713,0.003477154,0.5389109,0.001193607,0.001081352],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4212383,0.0007708717,0.5772164,0.0004915026,0.0001062049,0.0001265634,0.000001346068,0.00002544337,0.00002335565],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9806965,0.0003180202,0.01861867,0.0002951654,0.00005803419,0.000001128375,4.198253e-7,0.000009802758,0.000002234984],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5594583,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997234,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2080337302","doi":"10.1080/10867651.2002.10487572","title":"Per-Pixel Divisions","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Graphics Tools","topic":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Pixel; Normalization (sociology); Rendering (computer graphics); Computer science; Artificial intelligence; Computer graphics (images); Graphics; Computer vision; Computer graphics; Algorithm","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05466185415815772,"gpt":0.2951092593759474,"spread":0.2404474052177897,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005330403,0.0001230041,0.0002170124,0.0005863397,0.0001272905,0.0004012327,0.001126909,0.00007295211,0.00004353562],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007951444,0.0001020392,0.0002633309,0.000828015,0.0000488469,0.0009537653,0.0001796859,0.0002946337,0.000009560658],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001344727,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002371061,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001228447,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.511419e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985816,0.00007244068,0.0005155192,0.000153327,0.0004895098,0.0001875876],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984959,0.0001581044,0.0003678076,0.0003915404,0.0004358439,0.0001508307],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001240815,0.0001639602,0.0009577842,0.000006208719,0.00003185693,0.00001733734,0.0003873729,0.000004090607,0.0003406606,0.9588243,0.0110163,0.02824884],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001377077,0.001917994,0.01716758,0.0003021039,0.00005673493,0.001001732,0.00003988487,0.1811927,0.002252623,0.271457,0.522246,0.0009885273],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.01183591,0.0006153642,0.9848267,0.001309021,0.0004371807,0.00006367572,0.00000154958,0.00008893341,0.0008216],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9597569,0.001570584,0.03745729,0.000950483,0.0001635791,0.000001898169,4.102424e-7,0.00001196224,0.00008690809],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.947921,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4161036,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}