{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":38,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":38,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"64a64e6e88d2","filters":{"venue":"Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation"}},"results":[{"id":"W2131277585","doi":"10.1007/s10921-011-0108-6","title":"Photogrammetry Assisted Measurement of Interstory Drift for Rapid Post-disaster Building Damage Reconnaissance","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation","topic":"3D Surveying and Cultural Heritage","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":74,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Photogrammetry; Global Positioning System; USable; Range (aeronautics); Remote sensing; Engineering; Computer science; Geology; Aerospace engineering","authors":[{"name":"Fei Dai","is_ca":false},{"name":"Suyang Dong","is_ca":false},{"name":"Vineet R. Kamat","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ming Lu","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.169598085764766,"gpt":0.2928562599282438,"spread":0.1232581741634777,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003804875,0.0001136593,0.0002316999,0.0001361195,0.00007842185,0.0000188393,0.000169082,0.00005895721,0.0009654591],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005671039,0.00008633392,0.0001536571,0.0001415464,0.00007666717,0.0004449604,0.000004628923,0.0001393973,0.000003048012],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003894086,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001252758,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001293649,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003349844,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982347,0.000349093,0.0004868573,0.0001327406,0.0006457478,0.0001508174],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9973843,0.0001015095,0.0006886594,0.0001036772,0.001644324,0.00007760784],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00208892,0.0001303954,0.1793018,0.0001211951,0.0003686071,0.000005839587,0.005567197,0.0002419355,0.05894221,0.00002279817,0.0004369773,0.7527721],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000996571,0.001174179,0.9844004,0.0001626094,0.000125997,0.0000416191,0.002681786,0.002257808,0.007050314,0.0008843721,0.00009075068,0.0001336122],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.99273,0.0005865573,0.003787427,0.00001974298,0.0009092087,0.0002745365,0.0000246786,0.000005626231,0.001662174],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9884191,0.000006981869,0.01141895,0.00002917408,0.0001007172,0.000001540216,0.000008936755,0.000004155645,0.00001047014],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8050985,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999478,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2034595348","doi":"10.1007/s10921-013-0173-0","title":"Long Range Detection of Defects in Composite Plates Using Lamb Waves Generated and Detected by Ultrasonic Phased Array Probes","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation","topic":"Ultrasonics and Acoustic Wave Propagation","field":"Engineering","cited_by":68,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"Centre Technique des Industries Mécaniques; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","keywords":"Lamb waves; Ultrasonic sensor; Phased array; Structural health monitoring; Materials science; Composite plate; Delamination (geology); Ultrasonic testing; Phased array ultrasonics; Acoustics; Isotropy; Composite number; Optics; Composite material; Surface wave; Physics; Geology; Engineering; Antenna (radio); Telecommunications","authors":[{"name":"Alban Leleux","is_ca":false},{"name":"Philippe Micheau","is_ca":true},{"name":"Michel Castaings","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01353919109948781,"gpt":0.2396013483030289,"spread":0.2260621572035411,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004852765,0.0001305241,0.0002177277,0.0002334933,0.00004118435,0.00004306883,0.00004690744,0.00008501742,0.00001911473],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001700617,0.000120384,0.00003436868,0.0002995105,0.00003468903,0.0004900264,0.000002497977,0.0001872383,5.006853e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002013463,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004616696,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003443514,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001869303,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988988,0.0001260714,0.0004451654,0.00009924898,0.0002979314,0.0001327494],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988701,0.0001069572,0.0002944657,0.00005535012,0.0006278885,0.00004518592],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002964221,0.0000239839,0.004157451,0.00004693713,0.00004505357,4.80203e-7,0.0002045924,0.02785141,0.9613871,8.749037e-7,0.000001260262,0.00625122],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001103137,0.0001166049,0.08595269,0.0001168371,0.00008293005,0.0000567865,0.00008202847,0.2350567,0.6768989,0.0004378223,2.701688e-7,0.00009527587],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9418145,0.001027505,0.05661024,0.000005047641,0.0001392364,0.0003732371,0.000004970921,0.00001200712,0.00001321675],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9965217,0.00006439558,0.003328203,0.000001861931,0.00005036639,0.000007412651,0.000006864685,0.0000187179,5.548324e-7],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2844882,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4909117,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2081426401","doi":"10.1023/b:jone.0000022031.16580.5a","title":"Residual Magnetic Flux Leakage: A Possible Tool for Studying Pipeline Defects","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation","topic":"Non-Destructive Testing Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":59,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Magnetic flux leakage; Residual; Materials science; Solid mechanics; Magnetic flux; Flux (metallurgy); Leakage (economics); Residual stress; Pipeline (software); Nondestructive testing; Detector; Magnetic field; Mechanics; Acoustics; Structural engineering; Composite material; Optics; Metallurgy; Engineering; Physics; Mechanical engineering; Computer science; Algorithm","authors":[{"name":"Vijay Babbar","is_ca":true},{"name":"L. Clapham","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04030962852073874,"gpt":0.3089354653831248,"spread":0.2686258368623861,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002924806,0.0002424475,0.0003455457,0.0003704373,0.0001131522,0.00007175118,0.0001860299,0.0001124846,0.0001013461],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002433752,0.0002385637,0.0001302897,0.0003538834,0.00005504132,0.0005270253,0.000016628,0.0003375308,0.000005276594],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005042493,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002458193,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001311577,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002365106,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978641,0.0002705974,0.00068769,0.0001914292,0.0006882689,0.0002979311],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976199,0.0004142939,0.0003319877,0.0002167612,0.001339289,0.00007774746],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006462003,0.0004255676,0.06495757,0.0007332939,0.0005743567,0.00006788751,0.002958137,0.02170844,0.7769822,0.03368144,0.01055771,0.08670722],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005322055,0.002004162,0.1037563,0.0003873126,0.0007703295,0.0008850483,0.0005426081,0.01093426,0.07794617,0.7965289,0.0001203447,0.0008025483],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9195537,0.0005815089,0.0750402,0.00001640296,0.0005873456,0.0008399193,0.000006736339,0.0001319717,0.003242195],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6464067,0.000007419525,0.3532768,0.00001013455,0.0001959626,0.0000388132,0.000003294077,0.00004614748,0.00001463929],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7628474,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9728347,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W144562474","doi":"10.1023/a:1026307909788","title":"Rayleigh Wave Propagation for the Detection of Near Surface Discontinuities: Finite Element Modeling","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation","topic":"Ultrasonics and Acoustic Wave Propagation","field":"Engineering","cited_by":57,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Rayleigh wave; Classification of discontinuities; Wavelength; Rayleigh scattering; Rayleigh length; Surface wave; Acoustics; Lamb waves; Optics; Physics; Wave propagation; Mathematical analysis; Mathematics","authors":[{"name":"A. Zerwer","is_ca":false},{"name":"Maria Anna Polak","is_ca":true},{"name":"J. Carlos Santamarina","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03070805230789067,"gpt":0.2557918301278843,"spread":0.2250837778199936,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001901313,0.0001041362,0.0001545423,0.00004590477,0.0001059529,0.00004245988,0.00005793252,0.00004898886,0.00001961801],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005800685,0.00007682011,0.00009278835,0.0001324856,0.00002657184,0.0002968914,0.000003769478,0.0001366103,4.377379e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002059285,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001083435,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002214318,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003895675,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987467,0.00009268178,0.0005181908,0.00007745572,0.0004473435,0.0001176177],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983124,0.0002568887,0.0003388445,0.00009380402,0.0009732649,0.00002484151],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003179596,0.00001211695,0.00003369972,0.00003354101,0.00007068797,8.685799e-8,0.0006160953,0.9192531,0.06855925,0.0002666747,0.000002670257,0.01112034],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007128291,0.0001524593,0.0003890994,0.00004858815,0.0001939782,0.00001091113,0.000829533,0.9355687,0.05500642,0.006972324,0.00003722807,0.00007789295],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4332242,0.000243023,0.5657628,0.00001408072,0.000336869,0.0003559981,0.000004447678,0.000005150005,0.00005338491],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9883851,0.00006097974,0.01141106,0.000002995068,0.00009727805,0.00001570397,0.000003724104,0.00001789635,0.000005280372],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5551609,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3132633,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1195567","doi":"10.1023/a:1012244208475","title":"Time-Frequency Analysis of Pulsed Eddy Current Signals","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation","topic":"Non-Destructive Testing Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":49,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Eddy current; Fuselage; Solid mechanics; Eddy-current testing; Materials science; Lift (data mining); Acoustics; Structural engineering; Engineering; Composite material; Computer science; Electrical engineering; Physics","authors":[{"name":"M. S. Safizadeh","is_ca":true},{"name":"B. A. Lepine","is_ca":false},{"name":"David S. Forsyth","is_ca":true},{"name":"A. Fahr","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03643345324308531,"gpt":0.3290498164182456,"spread":0.2926163631751603,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001837918,0.0002034449,0.0005571718,0.00119072,0.00003772398,0.00002169513,0.0002594928,0.00008515664,0.0003681406],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006292879,0.0001943318,0.0002817876,0.001637088,0.00009220534,0.0005125272,0.0000195664,0.000305293,0.000007305387],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004772919,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000140987,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006087947,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002894853,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9975864,0.0002331505,0.0008967826,0.0001503747,0.0009352335,0.0001980874],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9970568,0.0002229665,0.0006921077,0.0002471502,0.001692943,0.00008806805],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001619119,0.0002665643,0.06597573,0.0001040243,0.004332832,0.00002491472,0.001086128,0.1275821,0.7196957,0.001357466,0.0004901607,0.07892247],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001688343,0.0006808709,0.3320153,0.0003762947,0.007000406,0.0002144688,0.0001507318,0.2273244,0.02263987,0.4072116,0.00002728864,0.0006703776],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9565936,0.0006416301,0.03989869,0.00001490179,0.0003010928,0.0002489534,0.00001139765,0.0001142714,0.002175423],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9148569,0.00007342179,0.08486993,0.000002829272,0.0001421046,0.000008388351,0.000009849937,0.00003495674,0.00000163168],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6970558,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7924622,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2064399064","doi":"10.1007/s10921-005-7658-4","title":"Measurement Models and Scattering Models for Predicting the Ultrasonic Pulse-Echo Response From Side-Drilled Holes","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation","topic":"Ultrasonics and Acoustic Wave Propagation","field":"Engineering","cited_by":48,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología","keywords":"Ultrasonic sensor; Waveform; Acoustics; Scattering; Reciprocity (cultural anthropology); Nondestructive testing; Echo (communications protocol); Solid mechanics; Reflector (photography); Optics; Materials science; Physics; Voltage; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Ana Lopez-Sanchez","is_ca":false},{"name":"Hak-Joon Kim","is_ca":false},{"name":"Lester W. Schmerr","is_ca":false},{"name":"Alexander Sedov","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04596701318410415,"gpt":0.269209191233841,"spread":0.2232421780497368,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003469869,0.0001518473,0.0001950516,0.0001076292,0.0001427954,0.00009264406,0.0001181535,0.0000686934,0.000007636379],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004769376,0.0001171418,0.0000786786,0.0000849193,0.0000409415,0.0007706654,0.00001262989,0.0002105603,5.564163e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004554974,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001174432,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004885122,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007449445,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983038,0.0001560306,0.0004925,0.0001383537,0.0007365749,0.0001727542],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984431,0.0003348339,0.0002644931,0.0001247731,0.0007732354,0.00005955841],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001897682,0.00000997172,0.00003752891,0.0000114936,0.00009434536,1.92902e-7,0.001020576,0.7813699,0.1859251,0.00004300777,0.00001925306,0.03127883],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001151931,0.00008839434,0.003906667,0.0001611744,0.000230141,0.00002774504,0.0005563227,0.9591331,0.01041034,0.02420452,0.00000940754,0.0001202228],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6402169,0.001014853,0.3579282,0.0002343943,0.0001815448,0.0003323795,0.00001209656,0.00001625381,0.00006333422],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9854407,0.0001054735,0.01394761,0.00002280985,0.0004205392,0.00002909933,0.000003109133,0.00002908588,0.000001589047],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3452238,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4776904,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2998346101","doi":"10.1007/s10921-019-0647-9","title":"A Study of the Automated Eddy Current Detection of Cracks in Steel Plates","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation","topic":"Non-Destructive Testing Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"John Abbott College; Defence Research and Development Canada; École de Technologie Supérieure","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Consortium de Recherche et d’innovation en Aérospatiale au Québec; CMC Microsystems","keywords":"Nondestructive testing; Eddy current; Eddy-current testing; Reliability (semiconductor); Sizing; Aerospace; Context (archaeology); Finite element method; Reliability engineering; Structural engineering; Computer science; Engineering; Acoustics; Power (physics)","authors":[{"name":"Ehsan Mohseni","is_ca":true},{"name":"Hamid Habibzadeh Boukani","is_ca":true},{"name":"Demartonne Ramos França","is_ca":true},{"name":"Martin Viens","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02632845715765596,"gpt":0.3166410681463866,"spread":0.2903126109887306,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001321999,0.0001341926,0.0003119804,0.0002925357,0.00001873235,0.000008890251,0.0002078604,0.00006276651,0.00001390194],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003190808,0.0001047588,0.00007402085,0.0005330922,0.00003695485,0.0003154295,0.00003442451,0.0003463517,9.471335e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000389554,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009935903,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001842494,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002668472,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980847,0.0002870192,0.0007362618,0.0001038981,0.0006773666,0.0001107786],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981403,0.0001636987,0.0007055989,0.0002110269,0.0007575408,0.0000218672],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001578126,0.0004085431,0.2229891,0.0001692897,0.0001679759,0.00000165372,0.003331484,0.04203966,0.7138674,0.0001805928,0.00001725333,0.01666933],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001454289,0.0006325376,0.8876188,0.0003179315,0.00009433395,0.00003762217,0.0008995907,0.04380858,0.048627,0.01640671,5.069084e-7,0.0001021384],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9976758,0.0000994393,0.0004977913,0.000003588371,0.0007000354,0.0007617273,0.000002293982,0.0000608601,0.0001984313],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9938179,0.000004435331,0.006112524,6.668441e-7,0.00003425506,0.00001021751,3.82751e-7,0.0000192972,3.543507e-7],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6652403,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4271938,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1976051704","doi":"10.1007/s10921-012-0155-7","title":"Evaluation of Concrete Distributed Cracks by Ultrasonic Travel Time Shift Under an External Mechanical Perturbation: Study of Indirect and Semi-direct Transmission Configurations","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation","topic":"Ultrasonics and Acoustic Wave Propagation","field":"Engineering","cited_by":41,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université Laval; Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"","keywords":"Ultrasonic sensor; Acoustics; Solid mechanics; Nonlinear system; Materials science; Transmission (telecommunications); Ultrasonic testing; Structural engineering; Computer science; Engineering; Physics; Telecommunications; Composite material","authors":[{"name":"Dang Hung Bui","is_ca":true},{"name":"Serge Apedovi Kodjo","is_ca":true},{"name":"Patrice Rivard","is_ca":true},{"name":"Benoît Fournier","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0256415195783521,"gpt":0.2817703290398473,"spread":0.2561288094614952,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004259065,0.0001669804,0.0003504156,0.0001453384,0.00007093218,0.00002730653,0.00007524073,0.0001169217,0.0001398715],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003402375,0.0001501859,0.00004956066,0.0001760276,0.00004985935,0.0007151978,0.000006127824,0.0002083201,3.794359e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002069651,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001452499,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000859702,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001543185,"domain_scores_codex":[0.997137,0.0006187815,0.0007059696,0.0001365689,0.001255892,0.0001458339],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979029,0.0002664102,0.0004853169,0.0001069514,0.001109857,0.0001285334],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009775825,0.0001800986,0.0007221759,0.00003863454,0.0002880783,2.12278e-7,0.004818335,0.01866735,0.9503429,0.0001170425,0.0000164481,0.02471095],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003678558,0.001141062,0.1762347,0.0001524462,0.002043379,0.00006400055,0.002326779,0.7334206,0.0763084,0.004385069,0.000002183912,0.0002428],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9422986,0.0009573237,0.05589487,0.00002027192,0.000132547,0.0005508019,0.00004789625,0.00001014208,0.00008755621],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988192,0.0000549732,0.0009596027,0.000002906547,0.00008526252,0.00001226263,0.00004476306,0.00001912053,0.000001917856],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8740345,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6124405,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4380447546","doi":"10.1007/s10921-023-00967-5","title":"Non-Contact Inspection Methods for Wind Turbine Blade Maintenance: Techno–Economic Review of Techniques for Integration with Industry 4.0","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation","topic":"Thermography and Photoacoustic Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"École de Technologie Supérieure; Cegep de Sept Iles; Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières; Université du Québec à Rimouski","funders":"","keywords":"Wind power; Nondestructive testing; Turbine blade; Turbine; Renewable energy; Thermography; Shearography; Engineering; Reliability (semiconductor); Reliability engineering; Mechanical engineering; Automotive engineering; Power (physics)","authors":[{"name":"Ahmad Aminzadeh","is_ca":true},{"name":"Mariya Dimitrova","is_ca":true},{"name":"Mohammad Saleh Meiabadi","is_ca":true},{"name":"Sasan Sattarpanah Karganroudi","is_ca":true},{"name":"Hossein Taheri","is_ca":false},{"name":"Hussein Ibrahim","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yuxin Wen","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02511946002469401,"gpt":0.3593653968887704,"spread":0.3342459368640764,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002801878,0.0001602664,0.0003807588,0.0004559505,0.00004487392,0.00001315822,0.0001262176,0.0002055588,0.00001481417],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000230138,0.0001288498,0.0001633257,0.0003865733,0.00004120743,0.0003247251,0.000006881197,0.0003198335,1.383113e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003111523,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001250236,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005319539,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002402443,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989067,0.00005689668,0.0005972686,0.0001232806,0.0001771111,0.0001387162],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998377,0.0001790648,0.000536197,0.0001415044,0.0007310528,0.00003516304],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005947358,0.00004519998,0.0002321236,0.003075679,0.0004669467,0.000001025655,0.0004490606,0.003885893,0.4909467,0.0008936661,0.004002342,0.4954067],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001665912,0.002316359,0.009447864,0.009922897,0.0008506044,0.0001210201,0.0005898298,0.1087513,0.8328913,0.03227454,0.0007687063,0.0003996854],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1333,0.0008657068,0.8622765,0.0001123362,0.0004056212,0.002462546,0.0001124495,0.0002385063,0.0002263321],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8111923,0.001295516,0.1868076,0.00002424849,0.000275304,0.0003058001,0.00003893685,0.0000526541,0.000007600187],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6778923,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5254342,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2110406013","doi":"10.1007/s10921-013-0223-7","title":"Discovering the Defects in Paintings Using Non-destructive Testing (NDT) Techniques and Passing Through Measurements of Deformation","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation","topic":"Conservation Techniques and Studies","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Thermography; Nondestructive testing; Optics; Solid mechanics; Speckle pattern; Deformation (meteorology); Holographic interferometry; Holography; Acoustics; Computer science; Infrared; Composite material; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Стефано Сфарра","is_ca":false},{"name":"Clemente Ibarra‐Castanedo","is_ca":true},{"name":"Dario Ambrosini","is_ca":false},{"name":"Domenica Paoletti","is_ca":false},{"name":"A. Bendada","is_ca":true},{"name":"Xavier Maldague","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1558534643828757,"gpt":0.3260035849409371,"spread":0.1701501205580613,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002560367,0.0001096901,0.0002171794,0.0001478187,0.0002498549,0.00008342486,0.0000762499,0.00002995191,0.000006805379],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007180342,0.00007657456,0.00004808072,0.0001046306,0.0001655499,0.0009955956,0.00003783794,0.0001495053,7.713312e-8],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001706306,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007408071,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002493676,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000118288,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986044,0.0002201048,0.000545242,0.00008960046,0.0004344244,0.0001062579],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976395,0.0002309214,0.0009683199,0.00007402911,0.001074162,0.00001304817],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003062061,0.0001594566,0.3711247,0.0004559301,0.0003012412,0.000002925895,0.2041113,0.001567447,0.08786583,0.02988743,0.00005328256,0.3041643],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003743466,0.001741908,0.4231336,0.004683761,0.0008160524,0.0002587534,0.05481333,0.07061738,0.107263,0.3315438,0.0004909882,0.000893976],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9920331,0.00007109432,0.004489013,0.0000722852,0.0001129651,0.000277597,9.168278e-7,0.000007474471,0.002935501],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9896117,0.000006599893,0.01015656,0.00002319839,0.0001833339,0.000007262892,5.532159e-7,0.000008738886,0.000002096981],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3032703,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.312262,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4210753369","doi":"10.1007/s10921-022-00845-6","title":"Automated Defect Detection in Non-planar Objects Using Deep Learning Algorithms","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation","topic":"Thermography and Photoacoustic Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Artificial neural network; Planar; Thermography; Algorithm; Computer science; Artificial intelligence; SIGNAL (programming language); Solid mechanics; Pattern recognition (psychology); Machine learning; Materials science; Optics","authors":[{"name":"Yuntao Tao","is_ca":false},{"name":"Caiqi Hu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Hai Zhang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ahmad Osman","is_ca":false},{"name":"Clemente Ibarra‐Castanedo","is_ca":true},{"name":"Qiang Fang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Стефано Сфарра","is_ca":false},{"name":"Xiaobiao Dai","is_ca":false},{"name":"Xavier Maldague","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yu-Xia Duan","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01485670973936797,"gpt":0.2745752784670705,"spread":0.2597185687277025,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001522301,0.0001150832,0.0001799079,0.0005972577,0.0001321029,0.00001900395,0.00009317283,0.00005568666,0.00006369891],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000920841,0.0001257865,0.0001041179,0.0006059469,0.00001509363,0.0002343703,0.0000119835,0.0005651444,2.613623e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006363568,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004770721,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002718245,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001259908,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986156,0.000310725,0.000349191,0.00009367534,0.0004817956,0.0001490321],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994261,0.00009285806,0.0002228283,0.00006620654,0.0001563447,0.0000357082],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005816703,0.00002045951,0.0009874546,0.00001635098,0.00006978567,0.00001867218,0.001397842,0.6947297,0.2523339,0.00000222427,0.000004522036,0.0503608],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000620181,0.0002839809,0.04385791,0.00003205929,0.00009783596,0.000364151,0.001021361,0.936103,0.01641122,0.001066595,0.000007415235,0.000134281],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9538977,0.0002265397,0.0448691,0.000001273288,0.0005315947,0.0002203068,0.000005467242,0.000139611,0.0001083688],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.995858,0.00001089165,0.00399901,0.000003845073,0.00008147214,0.00001839481,0.000003707551,0.00002409895,6.316779e-7],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2413732,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5129426,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2473542655","doi":"10.1007/s10921-016-0358-4","title":"Multi-parameter Evaluation of Magnetic Barkhausen Noise in Carbon Steel","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation","topic":"Magnetic Properties and Applications","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Royal Military College of Canada; Queen's University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Barkhausen effect; Materials science; Barkhausen stability criterion; Coercivity; Noise (video); Residual stress; Stress (linguistics); Carbon steel; Nondestructive testing; Magnetization; Acoustics; Composite material; Condensed matter physics; Magnetic field; Computer science; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Arash A. Samimi","is_ca":true},{"name":"Thomas W. Krause","is_ca":true},{"name":"L. Clapham","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0635872726325509,"gpt":0.3256418574903363,"spread":0.2620545848577854,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004714747,0.0001138782,0.0002393123,0.0002113578,0.00002397433,0.00001870536,0.0002036192,0.0000665996,0.001130578],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001271514,0.00007396109,0.00006094349,0.0001928442,0.0001102579,0.0002739445,0.00003399568,0.00007722664,0.00001174366],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003042179,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003804375,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004510568,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003554556,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9971036,0.0005832897,0.0007382014,0.0001839558,0.001235335,0.0001556019],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9971445,0.0001694088,0.0006663513,0.0002393307,0.001723724,0.00005673601],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008323976,0.00009469856,0.002430238,0.000008530871,0.000005449626,3.773377e-7,0.000280694,0.0005164632,0.944294,0.00004798246,0.00001320606,0.05222513],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006783896,0.0007532953,0.6909069,0.0002733852,0.0003814077,0.00004259635,0.0003998253,0.06768711,0.2225388,0.009961106,0.00003966484,0.0002320379],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9973337,0.0004087929,0.0006529869,0.0002538048,0.0002788662,0.0005717826,0.000007107902,0.000003981129,0.0004889561],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9909806,0.00002237509,0.008805991,0.00001177814,0.00008068587,0.00004648896,6.981762e-7,0.00001027803,0.00004114372],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7217552,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997825,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3016462416","doi":"10.1007/s10921-020-00679-0","title":"Factors Affecting Spatial Resolution in Pulsed Eddy Current Inspection of Pipe","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation","topic":"Non-Destructive Testing Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Royal Military College of Canada","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Eddy current; Eddy-current testing; SIGNAL (programming language); Acoustics; Orientation (vector space); Flow (mathematics); Nondestructive testing; Materials science; Current (fluid); Solid mechanics; Mechanics; Electrical engineering; Physics; Geometry; Computer science; Engineering; Composite material; Mathematics","authors":[{"name":"Yuewen Fu","is_ca":false},{"name":"P. R. Underhill","is_ca":true},{"name":"Thomas W. Krause","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07968303821030323,"gpt":0.3251293357804723,"spread":0.2454462975701691,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001039962,0.0001795344,0.000335255,0.0003835832,0.00003817616,0.00001736611,0.0001349589,0.00008752786,0.00002243125],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001500113,0.0001753365,0.0001228787,0.0005453212,0.00004970254,0.000527068,0.00002329731,0.0005081601,9.064559e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007055841,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001177044,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002934926,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001900634,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980841,0.0002532018,0.0007088635,0.0001475603,0.0006447617,0.000161516],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985296,0.000161625,0.000550625,0.00009753254,0.000587277,0.00007339921],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003607067,0.0001549892,0.2068162,0.0003755043,0.0001681316,0.000006752505,0.007969324,0.04046657,0.6935369,0.0004427848,0.0001045833,0.04959752],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001450756,0.0006664663,0.7998726,0.0003759755,0.0001356596,0.00002368854,0.0006407641,0.07456923,0.09469049,0.027303,0.000003410849,0.0002679951],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9088137,0.000192452,0.08964797,0.000021782,0.000611451,0.0003180607,0.000003646722,0.0001043446,0.0002865669],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9770582,0.0000157015,0.02260236,0.000002230097,0.0002854145,0.00000381177,0.000004929805,0.00002727396,4.770192e-8],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5988464,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7150014,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2784052666","doi":"10.1007/s10921-018-0461-9","title":"Impact Modelling and A Posteriori Non-destructive Evaluation of Homogeneous Particleboards of Sugarcane Bagasse","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation","topic":"Wood Treatment and Properties","field":"Engineering","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Universiteit Antwerpen","keywords":"Thermography; Materials science; Bagasse; Composite material; Nondestructive testing; Digital image correlation; Deconvolution; Multiphysics; Structural engineering; Optics; Engineering; Finite element method; Pulp and paper industry","authors":[{"name":"Hai Zhang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Стефано Сфарра","is_ca":false},{"name":"Fabrizio Sarasini","is_ca":false},{"name":"Juliano Fiorelli","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jeroen Peeters","is_ca":false},{"name":"Nicolas P. Avdelidis","is_ca":true},{"name":"Diogo de Lucca Sartori","is_ca":false},{"name":"Clemente Ibarra‐Castanedo","is_ca":true},{"name":"Stefano Perilli","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yacine Mokhtari","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jacopo Tirillò","is_ca":false},{"name":"Xavier Maldague","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04518305020271968,"gpt":0.3135831534792068,"spread":0.2684001032764871,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00153663,0.000157966,0.0003291641,0.0002324869,0.00004180424,0.00001842456,0.00007778429,0.00006976452,0.0000765271],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000107416,0.000126304,0.00009844427,0.000200929,0.0001316451,0.0004309882,0.00001528481,0.00009670954,0.000001176189],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002708434,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000239412,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003233038,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001024072,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981474,0.0001864555,0.0005486852,0.0001069052,0.0008671558,0.0001433784],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9967971,0.00006441817,0.0003998118,0.0001360503,0.002535876,0.00006670162],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001310271,0.0001522833,0.03813672,0.0001318393,0.001590869,0.00000453644,0.01271184,0.4872169,0.3405603,0.00005136985,0.00002850375,0.1181046],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002588723,0.002039419,0.135906,0.0001618295,0.001077076,0.0001530117,0.0005639347,0.7114368,0.1386185,0.007293354,8.183379e-7,0.000160579],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9965162,0.0007970587,0.001745021,0.000009687256,0.000254473,0.0003285034,0.00001141636,0.000006813633,0.0003307845],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9965471,0.00004801436,0.003211353,0.000001037026,0.0001618309,0.000006327393,0.00000270322,0.00002022712,0.000001390048],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2242199,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5150527,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2901925621","doi":"10.1007/s10921-018-0545-6","title":"Pulsed Eddy Current Data Analysis for the Characterization of the Second-Layer Discontinuities","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation","topic":"Non-Destructive Testing Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada; Okanagan University College; University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus; University of British Columbia","funders":"National Research Council Canada","keywords":"Eddy current; Classification of discontinuities; Eddy-current testing; Ferrite core; Time domain; Waveform; Electromagnetic coil; Materials science; Acoustics; Discontinuity (linguistics); Nondestructive testing; Intersection (aeronautics); Computer science; Physics; Engineering; Electrical engineering; Mathematics; Mathematical analysis; Telecommunications","authors":[{"name":"Yihao Liu","is_ca":true},{"name":"Shuo Liu","is_ca":true},{"name":"Huan Liu","is_ca":true},{"name":"Catalin Mandache","is_ca":true},{"name":"Zheng Liu","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.09690444499542428,"gpt":0.3534179306631459,"spread":0.2565134856677216,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001916011,0.0001375656,0.0002598229,0.0002034007,0.0001148034,0.00004656697,0.0006449616,0.00004708327,0.0001083835],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005807948,0.00008394053,0.0001476441,0.0005531827,0.0001703411,0.0006142763,0.00008198062,0.0001878012,5.40314e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001509022,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001166724,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002730377,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003651398,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984962,0.0001609167,0.0005572528,0.0001373768,0.0005175339,0.0001307723],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9971709,0.0002664164,0.0006878014,0.0005640271,0.001285908,0.00002500848],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002338866,0.0001060389,0.05789289,0.0002014635,0.003324903,3.273436e-7,0.003316953,0.001292957,0.8506217,0.003726595,0.000768047,0.07851427],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006219273,0.0001582697,0.7891721,0.0001217885,0.002143026,0.0000177345,0.0001839256,0.1025927,0.04987623,0.05468827,0.0002372244,0.0001868165],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7789512,0.0001052234,0.2191815,0.00006134091,0.0009194407,0.0004894536,0.0001332035,0.0000227586,0.0001358949],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9789433,0.0000131852,0.02042955,0.000007645276,0.0005284143,0.00001903609,0.00003156365,0.00002055044,0.000006742825],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8007454,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3422996,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2338486650","doi":"10.1007/s10921-016-0348-6","title":"Stress Response of Magnetic Barkhausen Noise in Submarine Hull Steel: A Comparative Study","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation","topic":"Magnetic Properties and Applications","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Royal Military College of Canada; Queen's University","funders":"Defence Research and Development Canada","keywords":"Barkhausen effect; Materials science; Pearlite; Ferrite (magnet); Residual stress; Stress (linguistics); Ultimate tensile strength; Microstructure; Metallurgy; Composite material; Magnetization; Austenite; Magnetic field","authors":[{"name":"Arash A. Samimi","is_ca":true},{"name":"Thomas W. Krause","is_ca":true},{"name":"L. Clapham","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05527741917064076,"gpt":0.3374789767951041,"spread":0.2822015576244633,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00309332,0.0001166295,0.0003188468,0.0002113764,0.00004001587,0.00002169044,0.0002497735,0.0000361157,0.001115181],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000489542,0.00007359868,0.000046513,0.0002361385,0.0001266148,0.0002788407,0.00006075979,0.00008223679,0.00001604322],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001663432,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002613201,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004906786,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007849027,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9972615,0.000956093,0.0007387513,0.0001753451,0.0007228338,0.0001455071],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977525,0.0003517878,0.0006316237,0.0002356809,0.0009663503,0.00006202414],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002209619,0.0004683333,0.01869889,0.000008456429,0.00001135032,0.000003631399,0.002353528,0.0002610936,0.9707254,0.00009475664,0.00003705987,0.005127908],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003428477,0.002379141,0.9016737,0.0001128315,0.00008140165,0.00001948535,0.003078397,0.0004508701,0.0871233,0.001514618,0.00002612668,0.00011169],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9983461,0.0001198563,0.0002209847,0.0002457268,0.0001346048,0.0006852223,0.00002047636,0.000004305436,0.0002227416],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998566,0.000008346616,0.001230004,0.000006431758,0.00005432326,0.00003588625,4.702393e-7,0.000007600314,0.00009093991],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8836021,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997979,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2074153349","doi":"10.1007/s10921-011-0124-6","title":"Characterization of Cast Iron Microstructure Through Fluctuation and Fractal Analyses of Ultrasonic Backscattered Signals Combined with Classification Techniques","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation","topic":"Metallurgical Processes and Thermodynamics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico","keywords":"Fractal; Hurst exponent; Ultrasonic sensor; Principal component analysis; Fractal analysis; Pattern recognition (psychology); Materials science; Artificial neural network; Nondestructive testing; Artificial intelligence; Computer science; Mathematics; Fractal dimension; Acoustics; Statistics; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Elineudo Pinho de Moura","is_ca":false},{"name":"Paulo G. Normando","is_ca":false},{"name":"L.L. Gonçalves","is_ca":false},{"name":"S. E. Kruger","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0527568436760109,"gpt":0.29857946454128,"spread":0.2458226208652691,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003657772,0.0001428774,0.0003172937,0.0001456094,0.00002589178,0.00001244939,0.00008639901,0.00009932977,0.0001018354],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005187557,0.0001081669,0.00005397131,0.0002343561,0.00008905864,0.0006059562,0.000006890702,0.0001347633,2.410996e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006609083,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005386428,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006936526,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002878784,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987799,0.0000902031,0.0005715677,0.000105472,0.0003702422,0.00008265184],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981083,0.00004339107,0.0008600287,0.0001072179,0.000849729,0.00003135743],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002441331,0.0000362397,0.0004545539,0.0001162828,0.0001127247,4.572794e-7,0.000868662,0.0007200524,0.9926056,0.0001848422,5.620667e-7,0.004655899],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008958198,0.0007774128,0.3208697,0.0001792383,0.000451057,0.00007395953,0.0003496376,0.06397157,0.6066357,0.005625679,0.000001898958,0.000168274],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9078076,0.00008331194,0.09156785,0.000009601064,0.00005698045,0.0002405381,0.00001347485,0.00001055352,0.0002100615],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9914037,0.0001235143,0.008366205,0.00000398548,0.00003630613,0.000004528159,0.00004211373,0.00001851838,0.000001146762],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3859698,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.441092,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2095338543","doi":"10.1007/s10921-013-0221-9","title":"Effect of the Temperature on the Nonlinear Acoustic Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Using Dynamic Acoustoelastic Method of Time Shift","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation","topic":"Ultrasonics and Acoustic Wave Propagation","field":"Engineering","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Solid mechanics; Nonlinear system; Materials science; Thermal; Field (mathematics); Cementitious; Acoustics; Structural material; Ranging; Mechanics; Composite material; Physics; Geology; Thermodynamics; Mathematics","authors":[{"name":"Farid Moradi-Marani","is_ca":true},{"name":"Serge Apedovi Kodjo","is_ca":true},{"name":"Patrice Rivard","is_ca":true},{"name":"Charles‐Philippe Lamarche","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008140025156288335,"gpt":0.2761493431788477,"spread":0.2680093180225594,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003022702,0.0001525718,0.0003593196,0.0001156956,0.00005214636,0.00001122796,0.0001979738,0.0001079458,0.00003574903],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001455655,0.00008752071,0.0001643554,0.0002365346,0.00008121741,0.0001122482,0.00001726162,0.000341834,6.852925e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001376205,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001040245,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002849816,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.781691e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979692,0.0005284419,0.0005983514,0.00008317973,0.0007116257,0.0001092699],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9971928,0.001195005,0.0007887821,0.0002092928,0.0005862993,0.00002779765],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005216737,0.000002102824,0.00003474779,0.00005631482,0.00004459577,1.167879e-7,0.0001008607,0.4143048,0.5843378,0.00001961515,0.000001819333,0.001045085],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005962106,0.0005455479,0.003440322,0.0002635616,0.0007291923,0.00002461104,0.00003325641,0.7939492,0.2002235,0.000130111,2.41741e-7,0.000064265],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9457483,0.00002624412,0.05338707,0.00001369802,0.0003281444,0.0004309427,0.00001902352,0.000004639104,0.00004194957],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9951075,0.000003977213,0.004777169,0.00000453853,0.00007334938,0.000004036167,0.000003126946,0.00002198892,0.000004307468],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3841143,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3568991,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1989274605","doi":"10.1007/s10921-011-0112-x","title":"Enhancing Probability of Detection and Analysis of Bolt Hole Eddy Current","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation","topic":"Non-Destructive Testing Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Royal Military College of Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Serviceability (structure); Eddy-current testing; Solid mechanics; Structural engineering; Eddy current; Materials science; SIGNAL (programming language); Point of delivery; Acoustics; Engineering; Computer science; Composite material; Electrical engineering; Physics","authors":[{"name":"P. R. Underhill","is_ca":true},{"name":"Thomas W. Krause","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05602994780113559,"gpt":0.3063632164585812,"spread":0.2503332686574457,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001801547,0.000123548,0.0003925325,0.0006150429,0.00002388995,0.000006033231,0.00009679507,0.00006243568,0.00003135751],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005728364,0.0001176003,0.0001267566,0.0006661314,0.0000981599,0.0003558207,0.00002143444,0.0001994125,1.518689e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000216019,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000650708,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001944453,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002427165,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984688,0.0001602507,0.0007058813,0.0001185508,0.0004451692,0.0001013788],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978212,0.0001052754,0.0006747018,0.0001619315,0.001190829,0.0000461048],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001527147,0.0001393113,0.09966341,0.0003033546,0.001120951,8.577653e-7,0.003099734,0.00240453,0.8161274,0.0009196556,0.000002334483,0.07606573],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002797025,0.0002663455,0.6201106,0.0001052738,0.001283355,0.00001250868,0.00009977205,0.01141922,0.2571385,0.1091835,3.321284e-7,0.0001009427],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8983604,0.0002439657,0.1006864,9.023555e-7,0.0001815959,0.0002007121,0.000004987982,0.00002598955,0.000295067],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8360212,0.0000199015,0.1639143,3.456286e-7,0.00002759111,0.000005350445,9.870338e-7,0.00001023407,8.620882e-8],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.558989,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4795601,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1968501287","doi":"10.1007/s10921-013-0219-3","title":"Post-Processing of Phased-Array Ultrasonic Inspection Data with Parallel Computing for Nondestructive Evaluation","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation","topic":"Ultrasonics and Acoustic Wave Propagation","field":"Engineering","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Siemens (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Nondestructive testing; Phased array; Solid mechanics; Phased array ultrasonics; Ultrasonic sensor; Materials processing; Ultrasonic testing; Data processing; Acoustics; Computer science; Materials science; Engineering; Physics; Process engineering; Composite material; Telecommunications","authors":[{"name":"Xuefei Guan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jingdan Zhang","is_ca":false},{"name":"S. Kevin Zhou","is_ca":false},{"name":"El Mahjoub Rasselkorde","is_ca":true},{"name":"Waheed A. Abbasi","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03248631162737466,"gpt":0.2978571466287332,"spread":0.2653708350013586,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002516499,0.0002278228,0.0003551554,0.0002890887,0.0001470914,0.00009341518,0.0002787052,0.000108351,0.00005178113],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007857787,0.0001953649,0.00007390924,0.0003370427,0.00008318741,0.001760836,0.00001050641,0.0002728387,0.000002155935],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00050418,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005164946,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001874782,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001027262,"domain_scores_codex":[0.997446,0.0001456265,0.0007920415,0.0002599421,0.001103252,0.0002531309],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9932712,0.0002414618,0.0009710881,0.0002754375,0.005158049,0.00008278584],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000195972,0.00009737916,0.001139698,0.0001819614,0.0002843761,2.950122e-7,0.001116882,0.2285299,0.6138118,0.00007390822,0.00008095057,0.1544869],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003474254,0.0006873934,0.04713315,0.0003006986,0.0007262076,0.0001332381,0.001939993,0.913179,0.0258262,0.006313714,0.000007937059,0.0002781764],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5655221,0.0002588863,0.432828,0.00004526231,0.0003090856,0.0008244041,0.00002617494,0.00002445027,0.0001616586],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9106764,0.00001646272,0.08871035,0.000008982178,0.0004034518,0.00002573698,0.0001175533,0.00003962597,0.000001413657],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6846491,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.796675,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3213310401","doi":"10.1007/s10921-021-00826-1","title":"Crack Detection Around Raised Head Rivets in Aluminum Aircraft Structures","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation","topic":"Non-Destructive Testing Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Royal Military College of Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Rivet; Fastener; Solid mechanics; Head (geology); Cracking; Structural engineering; Eddy current; Materials science; Aluminium; Engineering; Composite material; Geology; Electrical engineering","authors":[{"name":"P. R. Underhill","is_ca":true},{"name":"Thomas W. Krause","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03526418385856064,"gpt":0.3169552605680253,"spread":0.2816910767094647,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001229797,0.0002564332,0.0003989446,0.000483989,0.00006719679,0.0000723238,0.000184169,0.0001788035,0.0001186974],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001153568,0.0002708585,0.0001326162,0.000650257,0.00007900149,0.0007967575,0.00003335087,0.0006328548,0.000005012999],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001075768,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002848703,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001367372,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000843509,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9975315,0.000375714,0.0007653104,0.0002353633,0.0008182292,0.0002738688],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977996,0.0002232767,0.0003594394,0.0002493658,0.001275259,0.00009300958],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001933049,0.0001020948,0.02740681,0.0001263931,0.0002399767,0.0001927128,0.001179448,0.01734574,0.8980313,0.001350337,0.0001639469,0.05366792],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001778408,0.0002067002,0.4256144,0.0001854363,0.00009673318,0.001074092,0.0003622817,0.01158131,0.1168178,0.4419239,0.00003035271,0.0003284708],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9725181,0.0003935575,0.02356449,0.00004501536,0.001032014,0.0002794353,0.000004446268,0.0001111929,0.002051679],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8720564,0.00002607978,0.1275318,0.00001594851,0.0003049568,0.000013163,0.000005248128,0.00004365766,0.000002699978],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7812135,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999744,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1981176745","doi":"10.1007/s10921-013-0208-6","title":"Gearbox Fault Detection Using Real Coded Genetic Algorithm and Novel Shock Response Spectrum Features Extraction","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation","topic":"Gear and Bearing Dynamics Analysis","field":"Engineering","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Ontario Tech University","funders":"","keywords":"Genetic algorithm; Robustness (evolution); Fault detection and isolation; Wavelet; Computer science; Algorithm; Wavelet transform; Vibration; Pattern recognition (psychology); Artificial intelligence; Acoustics","authors":[{"name":"Sajid Hussain","is_ca":true},{"name":"Hossam A. Gabbar","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01511218882770757,"gpt":0.2734699679585539,"spread":0.2583577791308463,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007069461,0.0001281838,0.0001801508,0.0003364207,0.00008493854,0.0001069899,0.00005526425,0.0001013343,0.00003367453],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001029306,0.0001214963,0.00007515164,0.0002185024,0.00002566118,0.0003469342,0.00001145019,0.0002657688,0.00000282989],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003856654,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005095039,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001953564,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000317206,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988566,0.000113884,0.000323338,0.0001192698,0.0004467765,0.0001401115],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991223,0.00006772099,0.0002032253,0.00009671359,0.0004393843,0.00007068508],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008928142,0.00002236428,0.0005016796,0.00001045658,0.0001610566,0.000003028497,0.0002303944,0.2940303,0.6273608,0.000005391467,0.000004648026,0.07758065],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003765825,0.00008055792,0.367493,0.00001457476,0.0001578267,0.0003010575,0.0001463897,0.6264324,0.003816658,0.001096047,0.000001988872,0.00008295343],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7924936,0.00008588981,0.2069201,0.00002406062,0.000293903,0.0001301889,0.000001984208,0.00001504927,0.00003518235],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9633454,0.00004707545,0.0363536,0.000003421556,0.0002105187,0.000003286551,0.000001476741,0.00002095905,0.00001423521],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6235441,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4954475,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2514047477","doi":"10.1007/s10921-016-0369-1","title":"The Use of Acoustic Emission Intensity Analysis for the Assessment of Cover Crack Growth in Corroded Concrete Structures","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation","topic":"Concrete Corrosion and Durability","field":"Engineering","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Acoustic emission; Solid mechanics; Cover (algebra); Materials science; Intensity (physics); Concrete cover; Acoustics; Structural engineering; Forensic engineering; Corrosion; Composite material; Engineering; Optics; Physics; Mechanical engineering","authors":[{"name":"Ahmed A. Abouhussien","is_ca":true},{"name":"Assem A. A. Hassan","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06224056886844533,"gpt":0.3255114434811454,"spread":0.2632708746127,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001775682,0.0001020297,0.0003205757,0.0001435103,0.0000527364,0.00001839929,0.0001490692,0.00005811168,0.00005480232],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002544363,0.00004785538,0.000200986,0.0003127592,0.0001123129,0.00022528,0.0000237377,0.0001333689,9.964885e-8],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000246155,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001382389,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001074149,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001591004,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984451,0.0001974244,0.0006459941,0.00009089465,0.0005175247,0.0001030767],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9952444,0.002234798,0.0005210271,0.0001963937,0.001766823,0.00003658191],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008222971,0.000009115775,0.1584273,0.00006290681,0.0005531376,6.810707e-7,0.0004569362,0.1442213,0.6825975,0.0002636114,0.0004540911,0.01213116],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000872393,0.0001024957,0.6090642,0.00004796747,0.0005584686,0.000004191492,0.0001530941,0.3718266,0.01540152,0.001894126,0.00001746122,0.0000574862],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.835667,0.00006511661,0.1635143,0.0001185948,0.0003161716,0.0002863595,0.00001946747,0.000003352629,0.000009642217],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982646,0.00007987022,0.001590216,0.000009213558,0.00003517609,0.000005571609,0.000001544237,0.000007374027,0.000006439494],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.667196,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3046024,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1973783189","doi":"10.1007/s10921-014-0260-x","title":"Correlation Between AC Core Loss and Surface Magnetic Barkhausen Noise in Electric Motor Steel","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation","topic":"Magnetic Properties and Applications","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; Royal Military College of Canada; McGill University; Queen's University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Barkhausen effect; Materials science; Electrical steel; Eddy current; Magnetization; Grain size; Barkhausen stability criterion; Noise (video); Texture (cosmology); Nuclear magnetic resonance; Acoustics; Condensed matter physics; Composite material; Magnetic field; Electrical engineering; Engineering; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Arash A. Samimi","is_ca":true},{"name":"Thomas W. Krause","is_ca":true},{"name":"L. Clapham","is_ca":true},{"name":"Matthew Gallaugher","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yaoyao Ding","is_ca":true},{"name":"Pampa Ghosh","is_ca":true},{"name":"Richard R. Chromik","is_ca":true},{"name":"Andrew M. Knight","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02871436485645059,"gpt":0.2852490773115552,"spread":0.2565347124551047,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001945562,0.0001093856,0.0002175903,0.0001263816,0.00007712588,0.00005336958,0.0001185377,0.00007103507,0.0002419632],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003882403,0.00009169943,0.00003071017,0.0002260775,0.00006169325,0.0002929201,0.00002916739,0.0001572591,0.00001871879],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001303415,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001168144,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002871456,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007477596,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984352,0.0002447048,0.0004827721,0.0001711385,0.0005088551,0.0001573095],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987293,0.0001971601,0.0004182039,0.0001386234,0.0004394218,0.00007731585],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001221453,0.0000490392,0.05816882,0.00002286794,0.000006479735,0.00000114127,0.0004277819,0.00297363,0.9079871,0.0006969082,0.00006570143,0.02947837],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001261881,0.0006671132,0.9158396,0.00004553399,0.00009834502,0.00004675857,0.0000934091,0.06565987,0.005472166,0.01057063,0.0001101674,0.0001345791],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9958231,0.000302485,0.002798048,0.0002217251,0.0001461582,0.0003675533,0.000004770285,0.000006528579,0.0003296224],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9963965,0.00003118031,0.003306542,0.00002123206,0.0001672393,0.00000797069,0.000002765359,0.000009959211,0.00005659872],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9025149,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3739394,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2084481000","doi":"10.1007/s10921-010-0084-2","title":"Integrated Piezoelectric Ultrasonic Receivers for Laser Ultrasound in Non-destructive Testing of Metals","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation","topic":"Ultrasonics and Acoustic Wave Propagation","field":"Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University; National Research Council Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Ultrasonic sensor; Piezoelectricity; Laser; Laser ultrasonics; Transducer; Ultrasound; Acoustics; Nondestructive testing; Solid mechanics; Optics; Aluminium; Planar; Longitudinal mode; Fabrication; Shear waves; Shear (geology); Composite material; Optoelectronics; Wavelength; Semiconductor laser theory; Semiconductor; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"K.-T. Wu","is_ca":true},{"name":"C. K. Jen","is_ca":true},{"name":"Makiko Kobayashi","is_ca":true},{"name":"Alain Blouin","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01851795728379026,"gpt":0.2630320701643573,"spread":0.2445141128805671,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001905171,0.0001789741,0.0003538252,0.0004566024,0.00004180792,0.00002895995,0.0001579606,0.0001347316,0.00004605993],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004665133,0.00016454,0.0001069797,0.0007783181,0.00005887238,0.0004703547,0.000004787556,0.0005262044,0.000001087802],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003029752,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002747793,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001475377,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002787459,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984173,0.00007294629,0.0007081093,0.0001445413,0.0004412724,0.0002158976],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9964875,0.001178211,0.0005208311,0.0001178787,0.001634402,0.00006120714],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007695529,0.00004527768,0.003041063,0.0000471868,0.0001142979,0.00000113017,0.0003742802,0.05007022,0.8905703,0.0000928314,0.00002882553,0.05553762],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004009225,0.000777079,0.1257288,0.0002483134,0.0005278796,0.0002590536,0.001036268,0.542467,0.2896497,0.03483035,0.00002331376,0.0004430933],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9607849,0.00005305839,0.03755295,0.000009348145,0.0007176789,0.0005041138,0.00002196666,0.00001253144,0.0003435019],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9581385,0.00002105805,0.04163326,0.000003358173,0.0001400502,0.0000180636,0.00001312318,0.00002886699,0.000003735415],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6009206,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6709745,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2040285919","doi":"10.1007/s10921-014-0244-x","title":"Detecting Internal Hot Corrosion of In-service Turbine Blades Using Neutron Tomography with Gd Tagging","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation","topic":"Nuclear Physics and Applications","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Micropharma (Canada)","funders":"Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute","keywords":"Turbine blade; Corrosion; Materials science; Turbine; Neutron; Nuclear engineering; Service life; Metallurgy; Neutron imaging; Composite material; Mechanical engineering; Nuclear physics; Engineering; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Cheul Muu Sim","is_ca":false},{"name":"Hwa Suk Oh","is_ca":false},{"name":"Tae Joo Kim","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yoon Sang Lee","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yi Kyung Kim","is_ca":true},{"name":"Seung Seob Kwak","is_ca":false},{"name":"Young Ha Hwang","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01883980972970734,"gpt":0.2869643378519202,"spread":0.2681245281222128,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005734397,0.0001050326,0.0002038038,0.0001866148,0.00006286654,0.00002796503,0.00011592,0.00002129625,0.00003794726],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009935132,0.00008832279,0.0000737868,0.000381416,0.00004076624,0.0002946446,0.0000237331,0.0002091622,7.448827e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000526589,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006868257,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001469657,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001385244,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989684,0.0001018232,0.0003630762,0.0001154881,0.0003369961,0.0001142827],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983868,0.00006855855,0.0007952688,0.0001083866,0.0006012497,0.00003976322],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002835422,0.0002267595,0.1117122,0.00003171029,0.00008662318,4.038941e-7,0.001032811,0.03883979,0.7736362,0.006514443,0.000006395709,0.06762908],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005322461,0.001099357,0.5262507,0.00116481,0.0005124585,0.00003851561,0.004164547,0.2890112,0.1260028,0.04586309,0.00007646541,0.0004936532],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.973559,0.00001133381,0.02572723,0.00004890852,0.00007696702,0.0001357999,0.000002316264,0.000002494016,0.0004360109],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9938123,4.507069e-7,0.005881161,0.00001276075,0.0002722083,0.000002946683,0.000002546827,0.00001453068,0.000001096808],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6476334,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3601699,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2800201950","doi":"10.1007/s10921-018-0490-4","title":"Application of Metamaterial Surface Plasmon and Waveguide for Robotic-Arm Based Structural Health Monitoring","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation","topic":"Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Division of Mathematical Sciences; Petroleum Technology Research Centre","keywords":"Structural health monitoring; Materials science; Acoustics; Waveguide; Scanner; Optics; Conformable matrix; Surface plasmon polariton; Surface plasmon; Plasmon; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Venu Gopal Madhav Annamdas","is_ca":false},{"name":"Chee Kiong Soh","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05663481586020767,"gpt":0.3766512982894674,"spread":0.3200164824292597,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003729905,0.0001495803,0.0004583166,0.00009621884,0.0001959075,0.00006394912,0.0001711198,0.00006371915,0.0001026697],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002624009,0.0001237709,0.00007153454,0.0001353266,0.0001405433,0.0003457114,0.00002519519,0.0000527019,0.000002726618],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001456815,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002901698,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005030761,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005673638,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978119,0.0002956583,0.0009061319,0.000225465,0.000568552,0.0001923439],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9963537,0.0001518873,0.001651297,0.0002056108,0.001536738,0.0001007825],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002597786,0.00002438989,0.0004938568,0.00006374901,0.00002230187,4.228492e-8,0.00023918,0.00613963,0.9890146,0.0004788406,0.00001573789,0.003247873],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001325645,0.0006599448,0.02077582,0.00005290105,0.0001725908,0.00001578751,0.0001389367,0.03947136,0.9325852,0.004632121,0.00005711024,0.0001125199],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9446726,0.0001644456,0.05291319,0.0001714787,0.001243812,0.0007832748,0.00003164775,0.000008605591,0.00001087967],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8555441,0.0000109184,0.143978,0.00001261668,0.0004088261,0.00001975193,0.00000883373,0.00001476626,0.000002172299],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.09106481,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.504723,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386251125","doi":"10.1007/s10921-023-00988-0","title":"Automatic Air-Coupled Ultrasound Detection of Impact Damages in Fiber-Reinforced Composites Based on One-Dimension Deep Learning Models","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation","topic":"Ultrasonics and Acoustic Wave Propagation","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University; Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Robustness (evolution); Solid mechanics; Deep learning; Fiber-reinforced composite; Artificial neural network; Materials science; Ultrasound; Computer science; Artificial intelligence; Fiber; Composite material; Acoustics","authors":[{"name":"Yu-Xia Duan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Tiantian Shao","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yuntao Tao","is_ca":false},{"name":"Hongbo Hu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Bingyang Han","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jingwen Cui","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yang Kang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Стефано Сфарра","is_ca":false},{"name":"Fabrizio Sarasini","is_ca":false},{"name":"Carlo Santulli","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ahmad Osman","is_ca":false},{"name":"Andrea Mross","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mingli Zhang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Dazhi Yang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Hai Zhang","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02146437972202531,"gpt":0.2673949074154836,"spread":0.2459305276934583,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001477258,0.0001566858,0.0002857661,0.0006790862,0.00005994967,0.00002544845,0.00007961255,0.00009351841,0.00006591048],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005150805,0.0001461449,0.0001091048,0.0005988667,0.00002339961,0.0004351495,0.000007014347,0.0003303139,0.000007308632],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004595784,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007290005,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001396645,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005074438,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982417,0.0001633269,0.0005882885,0.0001071841,0.0007281523,0.0001713796],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984199,0.0005609304,0.0003990083,0.0001056724,0.0004639458,0.00005056281],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000446577,0.00001189932,0.000168348,0.00003386397,0.00002965098,9.531728e-7,0.0002011362,0.6193904,0.3732199,0.000004695635,0.000001099453,0.006893457],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00132782,0.0004191584,0.07071481,0.0002356229,0.00008674143,0.00001161963,0.0001451058,0.8821446,0.04365801,0.001140363,1.507419e-7,0.0001159559],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9517942,0.00003719729,0.04759877,0.00001106084,0.0001450178,0.0002677032,0.00000241775,0.00005196964,0.00009166163],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977612,0.00001871209,0.002105689,0.000003413685,0.00004723069,0.000006945158,0.00002508734,0.00002758822,0.000004062663],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3295619,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5959615,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3034476942","doi":"10.1007/s10921-020-00691-4","title":"Detection of Hydrogen Embrittlement in Plated High-Strength Steels with Eddy Currents: Is the Sensitivity Sufficient?","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation","topic":"Hydrogen embrittlement and corrosion behaviors in metals","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Eddy current; Hydrogen; Hydrogen embrittlement; Chromium; Embrittlement; Desorption; Metallurgy; Thermal desorption; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Composite material; Corrosion; Electrical engineering","authors":[{"name":"Jonathan Bellemare","is_ca":true},{"name":"David Ménard","is_ca":true},{"name":"Frédéric Sirois","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03067479677127571,"gpt":0.2893234642528434,"spread":0.2586486674815677,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002935319,0.0001607758,0.0003297867,0.0001395518,0.00008968767,0.00003969668,0.0001878786,0.00005646325,0.0003739156],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002218532,0.0001085975,0.00008878307,0.0005173327,0.0001079978,0.0003986878,0.0000490982,0.0002277455,0.00001035909],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001601138,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001754649,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002609736,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002079527,"domain_scores_codex":[0.996624,0.0007635708,0.0007648192,0.0002266541,0.001435322,0.0001856574],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978683,0.0001145119,0.001017665,0.0001632993,0.0007595738,0.00007662587],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003613231,0.0001708798,0.003628873,0.0000144462,0.00002258059,0.000008316879,0.001591743,0.01052499,0.97723,0.00002368582,0.00002187082,0.006401354],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001880258,0.0007269914,0.01508185,0.00009608535,0.0002472901,0.00004104123,0.001239498,0.008943664,0.9713924,0.0001900203,0.00002881283,0.0001321106],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9965001,0.00009320536,0.002243028,0.000267826,0.0003273636,0.000514066,0.00002992634,0.000007297953,0.00001714418],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991169,0.00001434158,0.0006630735,0.00007074404,0.0001019922,0.00001317045,0.000005101717,0.00001195054,0.000002736987],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01145297,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4428478,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3172035168","doi":"10.1007/s10921-021-00788-4","title":"Propagation of Low Frequency Ultrasonic Guided Waves Through Welded Lap Joint","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation","topic":"Ultrasonics and Acoustic Wave Propagation","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"École de Technologie Supérieure","funders":"Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Storage tank; Welding; Ultrasonic sensor; Attenuation; Ultrasonic testing; Solid mechanics; Joint (building); Acoustics; Materials science; Electromagnetic acoustic transducer; Lamb waves; Structural engineering; Wave propagation; Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Optics; Composite material","authors":[{"name":"Aubin Chaboty","is_ca":true},{"name":"Frédéric Dupont-Marillia","is_ca":true},{"name":"Pierre Bélanger","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03252316156131591,"gpt":0.2746580721007839,"spread":0.242134910539468,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009467144,0.000150587,0.0003028217,0.0001139077,0.00004813131,0.00003439542,0.00009359258,0.00009908083,0.0002261193],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000920332,0.0001392534,0.0001355585,0.0003282689,0.00004280605,0.0006030066,0.00001007383,0.0002431951,0.000004847244],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003176767,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003805748,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003513828,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000353769,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979503,0.0001570139,0.0008313606,0.0001319717,0.0007735091,0.0001558951],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9970603,0.00008802792,0.0005300737,0.0001650549,0.002109391,0.00004716913],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001479372,0.00006388774,0.0002592709,0.0001525643,0.000144919,0.000007295652,0.0007618583,0.05129318,0.9379475,0.001593606,0.0001639722,0.007597199],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00158894,0.0002413942,0.02209953,0.0004345622,0.0002847427,0.0003111092,0.0006543112,0.1016408,0.8130102,0.05947803,0.00001627202,0.0002401347],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9091966,0.00070862,0.08728588,0.0001136259,0.0008019665,0.0002371654,0.00000980085,0.00001999048,0.001626385],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97449,0.0001819495,0.02501748,0.00001267179,0.0002340259,0.000005996155,0.00002190739,0.00002405857,0.00001185411],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1249373,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5678587,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3012139711","doi":"10.1007/s10921-020-00673-6","title":"Finite Element Modelling of a Reflection Differential Split-D Eddy Current Probe Scanning Surface Notches","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation","topic":"Non-Destructive Testing Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"John Abbott College; Concordia University; École de Technologie Supérieure","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Consortium de Recherche et d’innovation en Aérospatiale au Québec; National Research Council Canada; Pratt and Whitney Canada; CMC Microsystems","keywords":"Multiphysics; Finite element method; Eddy current; Acoustics; Materials science; Electromagnetic coil; Eddy-current testing; Mechanics; Physics; Structural engineering; Engineering; Electrical engineering","authors":[{"name":"Ehsan Mohseni","is_ca":true},{"name":"Demartonne Ramos França","is_ca":true},{"name":"Martin Viens","is_ca":true},{"name":"Wen Xie","is_ca":true},{"name":"Baoguang Xu","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1195639663704577,"gpt":0.3323954955375339,"spread":0.2128315291670763,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008703212,0.0002330966,0.0003920041,0.000188566,0.0000608766,0.0000369526,0.0001919987,0.00007961004,0.00004455538],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00032542,0.0002310601,0.0001407878,0.0003943708,0.00005176778,0.0004879042,0.0000400544,0.000486527,0.000001784496],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004409817,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001542414,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006039147,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.78897e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976573,0.0001792227,0.0008667791,0.0001955944,0.0008912053,0.000209909],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978786,0.00013499,0.000681224,0.000135785,0.001061065,0.000108375],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001786217,0.00005559767,0.002905421,0.0002468688,0.0001537734,0.00000193038,0.002045201,0.7956812,0.1878189,0.0008169161,0.00005691142,0.01003872],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008888479,0.0004742134,0.003837395,0.0004055299,0.0002529144,0.00002204506,0.0001820423,0.8920395,0.05090094,0.05073031,0.00001066861,0.000255604],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5094779,0.0002040378,0.4895363,0.00003121296,0.0002988191,0.0002533121,0.000004393615,0.00006293433,0.0001310784],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7013032,0.00003662264,0.2983656,0.000003410948,0.0002493457,0.00000633452,0.000004689855,0.00003056118,2.774683e-7],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1918253,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9422358,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4380669197","doi":"10.1007/s10921-023-00970-w","title":"On the Combined Effect of Elastic and Plastic Strain on Magnetic Barkhausen Noise Signals","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation","topic":"Magnetic Properties and Applications","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Royal Military College of Canada; St. Lawrence College","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Barkhausen effect; Ultimate tensile strength; Composite material; Residual stress; Stress (linguistics); Deformation (meteorology); Plasticity; Dislocation; Magnetization; Magnetic field","authors":[{"name":"Mehrdad Kashefi","is_ca":true},{"name":"Thomas W. Krause","is_ca":true},{"name":"P. R. Underhill","is_ca":true},{"name":"Diane Wowk","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02415684533933736,"gpt":0.2869437520438138,"spread":0.2627869067044765,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002284424,0.0001098276,0.000201815,0.0001273263,0.00009955789,0.0000379213,0.0001544429,0.00003613446,0.0007258315],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001882784,0.00006246496,0.0000460433,0.0002167534,0.0001263875,0.00007033064,0.00002717023,0.0001187246,0.00005302864],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004100408,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007212981,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003584138,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.022411e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982924,0.0004439691,0.0003548742,0.0001284642,0.0006555702,0.0001247637],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9967729,0.002443635,0.0003432515,0.0001468552,0.0002415249,0.00005179783],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005667262,0.00004282744,0.0001210585,0.00003535041,0.00001468759,0.000001881406,0.0002325265,0.006627679,0.9825546,0.002611706,0.0005105173,0.006680503],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.007444151,0.03292539,0.4816898,0.0008270835,0.0008281591,0.00008013005,0.0007513413,0.1056044,0.2820674,0.08725014,0.00005963178,0.0004723482],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9983331,0.00003995094,0.0001440789,0.0004354545,0.0002627227,0.0004314713,0.00001580827,0.000008165589,0.0003292334],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997441,0.000009970791,0.00008337952,0.00002459658,0.000062697,0.00002803859,0.000001785296,0.000008889506,0.00003656365],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7004871,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7947345,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2029825620","doi":"10.1007/s10921-006-0007-4","title":"A Modified Born Approximation for Scattering in Isotropic and Anisotropic Elastic Solids","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation","topic":"Seismic Imaging and Inversion Techniques","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Born approximation; Isotropy; Anisotropy; Scattering; Solid mechanics; Range (aeronautics); Physics; Mathematical analysis; Materials science; Mathematics; Optics; Composite material; Thermodynamics","authors":[{"name":"Ruiju Huang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Lester W. Schmerr","is_ca":false},{"name":"Alexander Sedov","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02318024076265278,"gpt":0.2634558046345451,"spread":0.2402755638718923,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006255183,0.00007062731,0.0001283811,0.0002285007,0.00005756608,0.00003828886,0.00005830709,0.00003177201,0.00003418611],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009195546,0.00006067675,0.00003186162,0.0001061604,0.00004233975,0.0004072821,0.000003320783,0.0000856052,0.000001242158],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003210558,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006111156,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003845555,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003056467,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991788,0.00008412909,0.0002857419,0.00009836635,0.000243387,0.0001095888],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994311,0.00008557726,0.0002348995,0.00004535478,0.0001786212,0.00002448638],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005523745,0.0001063256,0.4636249,0.0001458522,0.00004471518,0.000007524676,0.001002994,0.07087959,0.007758603,0.001246512,0.001581674,0.4530489],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008931423,0.0002280937,0.468352,0.00004482402,0.00003084443,0.00004382528,0.0001514693,0.4748934,0.0007914152,0.05445315,0.00004751526,0.00007038366],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9592162,0.0001782225,0.03967194,0.0002164043,0.0001711398,0.0002038094,0.000004430399,0.000007777117,0.0003300176],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9843978,0.00001118802,0.01537241,0.00005852755,0.0001341832,0.00000149214,0.00001320833,0.000002375898,0.000008856212],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4529786,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2474326,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2995901694","doi":"10.1007/s10921-019-0648-8","title":"Adaptive Neuro-fuzzy Inference System Trained for Sizing Semi-elliptical Notches Scanned by Eddy Currents","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation","topic":"Non-Destructive Testing Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Concordia University; École de Technologie Supérieure","funders":"National Research Council Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Consortium de Recherche et d’innovation en Aérospatiale au Québec; CMC Microsystems","keywords":"Sizing; Solid mechanics; Adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system; Eddy current; Inference; Eddy-current testing; Artificial intelligence; Computer science; Pattern recognition (psychology); Fuzzy logic; Acoustics; Engineering; Materials science; Physics; Fuzzy control system; Electrical engineering; Composite material","authors":[{"name":"Ehsan Mohseni","is_ca":true},{"name":"Martin Viens","is_ca":true},{"name":"Wenfang Xie","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03340004136442788,"gpt":0.2999724785090228,"spread":0.2665724371445949,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001478003,0.0003195241,0.0005129798,0.0002816571,0.00007594098,0.00007093505,0.0003178781,0.0001602269,0.00002258741],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001087949,0.0003114006,0.000171009,0.0003019447,0.00006907935,0.0007601484,0.00003253429,0.0004579625,0.00001326859],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009142248,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001993893,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004808002,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.699676e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9975509,0.0002126953,0.0007779137,0.0002768348,0.0008329091,0.0003487495],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99688,0.0009110478,0.0005164302,0.0002278114,0.001326016,0.0001387099],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001749462,0.000454462,0.02163417,0.001721878,0.001315357,0.00002227828,0.003197452,0.04639007,0.8227276,0.04324683,0.002888236,0.05465221],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006617404,0.003712881,0.01944906,0.002209928,0.0008335397,0.0004105657,0.001898788,0.7077747,0.05018529,0.2054474,0.00006266018,0.001397812],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8679048,0.000173874,0.1275531,0.00003322082,0.001215477,0.001125387,0.00004179087,0.000208627,0.001743734],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8591042,0.000007020663,0.1405248,0.000009320458,0.0002393946,0.00004180252,0.0000109334,0.00005928293,0.000003262679],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7725423,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999338,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2965365808","doi":"10.1007/s10921-019-0611-8","title":"Influence of Local Mechanical Parameters on Ultrasonic Wave Propagation in Large Forged Steel Ingots","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation","topic":"Metallurgy and Material Forming","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Cégep de Sorel-Tracy; École de Technologie Supérieure","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Solid mechanics; Ultrasonic sensor; Materials science; Acoustics; Composite material; Metallurgy; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Frédéric Dupont-Marillia","is_ca":true},{"name":"Mohammad Jahazi","is_ca":true},{"name":"Serge Lafreniere","is_ca":true},{"name":"Pierre Bélanger","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01815375656690569,"gpt":0.2593132371494316,"spread":0.2411594805825259,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00153645,0.00009946372,0.0002389092,0.0002047374,0.00001380648,0.000009182223,0.00007312444,0.00008692945,0.00004688012],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002231922,0.00008732845,0.00005589605,0.0001629216,0.00001526366,0.0004480557,0.000008858435,0.000209144,0.000008493253],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002439816,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007330416,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000241064,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000581285,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986764,0.0001240811,0.0005061238,0.00008536888,0.0004713931,0.0001366807],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992743,0.00009214236,0.0002650521,0.00009479372,0.0002385197,0.00003525291],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002542322,0.0000468125,0.0007186344,0.00008937639,0.0000542273,0.000002835303,0.0004061899,0.6591526,0.3290045,0.002930379,0.000001458079,0.007338782],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00360939,0.0009666073,0.2349267,0.0006436533,0.00009490374,0.00007399054,0.0005509902,0.246618,0.5030699,0.009176813,0.00001623771,0.0002527855],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9927097,0.00001590397,0.006439887,0.000006846777,0.0003787449,0.0002985579,0.000001903599,0.000007489947,0.0001409717],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988629,0.000008098929,0.001071069,0.00000818976,0.00002737008,0.00000493971,0.00000285479,0.00001188917,0.000002684445],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4125346,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3561151,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4367178982","doi":"10.1007/s10921-023-00947-9","title":"Using the Unsupervised Mixture of Gaussian Models for Multispectral Non-destructive Evaluation of the Replica of Botticelli’s “The Birth of Venus”","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation","topic":"Thermography and Photoacoustic Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Mitacs; Canada Research Chairs; Ministère des relations internationales et de la Francophonie","keywords":"Multispectral image; Artificial intelligence; Computer science; Mixture model; Nondestructive testing; Feature (linguistics); Feature extraction; Segmentation; Replica; Pattern recognition (psychology); Computer vision; Archaeology; Physics; Geography","authors":[{"name":"Qi Li","is_ca":true},{"name":"Hai Zhang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jue Hu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Стефано Сфарра","is_ca":false},{"name":"Miranda Mostacci","is_ca":false},{"name":"Dazhi Yang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Marc Georges","is_ca":false},{"name":"В. П. Вавилов","is_ca":false},{"name":"Xavier Maldague","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07534716613477183,"gpt":0.3305301936376395,"spread":0.2551830275028676,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003647524,0.0001448121,0.000332736,0.0002130572,0.00007511162,0.000006787083,0.0003415881,0.0001058508,0.0000126079],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002961164,0.00008617478,0.0003039852,0.0007498151,0.0002071326,0.0001827119,0.0000228654,0.0002309135,2.915218e-8],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000113193,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002364341,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002809514,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007148304,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976175,0.0003607858,0.0007624745,0.0001099352,0.001011553,0.0001377452],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9966273,0.0003505936,0.001035363,0.0003660341,0.001597024,0.00002368822],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002146717,0.00003576492,0.0004805283,0.0001822886,0.0003168476,1.440716e-7,0.005501748,0.4568064,0.52943,0.0007111998,0.00003273818,0.006287601],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000926581,0.0001678527,0.04215649,0.0002689692,0.0007940646,0.00001428501,0.001479181,0.6645975,0.2165188,0.07299701,0.00000154254,0.00007781185],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9738492,0.0002702878,0.02407793,0.00004286986,0.0003253119,0.001183686,0.000158497,0.00001044634,0.00008171352],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9959673,0.0000292762,0.003858631,0.000002878359,0.00008453802,0.00002812767,0.000003194383,0.00002491784,0.000001127757],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3129113,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3514105,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389078654","doi":"10.1007/s10921-023-01018-9","title":"Acousto-Ultrasonic Inspection of Pre-baked Carbon Anodes: Repeatability Analysis and Assessment of Damage Detection Performance","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation","topic":"Ultrasonics and Acoustic Wave Propagation","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Alcoa (Canada); Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Repeatability; Materials science; Anode; Linear discriminant analysis; Principal component analysis; Ultrasonic sensor; Ultrasonic testing; Projection (relational algebra); Acoustics; Computer science; Artificial intelligence; Electrode; Mathematics; Statistics; Algorithm","authors":[{"name":"Daniel Rodrigues","is_ca":true},{"name":"Donald Picard","is_ca":true},{"name":"Carl Duchesne","is_ca":true},{"name":"Julien Lauzon‐Gauthier","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01490671174327559,"gpt":0.2863665466338855,"spread":0.2714598348906099,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00211209,0.0001107873,0.0003036499,0.0005621532,0.00004906989,0.00001322247,0.00006317558,0.00007523657,0.000008182759],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002418973,0.000105419,0.00009390398,0.001129046,0.00005753747,0.0003130694,0.00001164738,0.0002168334,1.032479e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000300685,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001054443,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002625146,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002712667,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984136,0.0001288087,0.000621673,0.0001277802,0.0006022452,0.0001058556],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983648,0.0001252022,0.0005402719,0.0001534263,0.0007800328,0.00003627691],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004269908,0.00003336493,0.07132995,0.0001612435,0.0003563657,3.180338e-7,0.0004885026,0.4570877,0.4540208,0.000005498946,8.662754e-7,0.01647266],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002637933,0.0001438068,0.4805469,0.00002765065,0.0004515579,0.00000454458,0.0001903174,0.4835589,0.03455938,0.0002093212,2.153536e-7,0.00004369261],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9768868,0.00005110765,0.02244806,0.000005956982,0.0002388252,0.0002131208,0.000008276333,0.00002999113,0.0001178786],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977894,0.0002180688,0.001893422,4.619123e-7,0.0000672954,0.000006793894,0.00001026891,0.00001214381,0.000002177076],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4194615,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4298863,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4401562526","doi":"10.1007/s10921-024-01117-1","title":"Modeling of Axisymmetric Ultrasonic Waves Reflected from Circumferential Notches in a Pipe based on a Rigorous Analytical Theory and Implementation on Distributed Devices","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation","topic":"Ultrasonics and Acoustic Wave Propagation","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Solid mechanics; Rotational symmetry; Ultrasonic sensor; Acoustics; Materials science; Mechanics; Structural engineering; Physics; Engineering; Composite material","authors":[{"name":"Huiting Huan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Lixian Liu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jianpeng Liu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Liping Huang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Cuiling Peng","is_ca":false},{"name":"Hao Wang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Andreas Mandelis","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02138300727527903,"gpt":0.312369687590271,"spread":0.290986680314992,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001224872,0.0001391803,0.0002223971,0.0005944951,0.00002674224,0.0000619034,0.00006269208,0.00007462443,0.00004587412],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004040172,0.0001207932,0.00006349372,0.0005334306,0.00002113347,0.0002231159,0.000004951603,0.0002672233,8.462266e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003434256,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001354847,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001854865,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001818135,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984283,0.0002142161,0.0005302632,0.0001553996,0.0005446056,0.0001272512],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988385,0.0006678654,0.0001236575,0.00007651126,0.0002501798,0.00004332214],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004201432,0.0000968864,0.00144507,0.0001163566,0.0003136449,0.00000854004,0.0009685848,0.8612201,0.07597462,0.001339736,0.000004866937,0.05809147],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009044586,0.000276242,0.04160998,0.0003016485,0.0002764356,0.000005420964,0.0005548693,0.938949,0.005806667,0.01121016,5.752025e-7,0.0001045515],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7990735,0.0003071806,0.2001441,0.00002342984,0.0001789956,0.0001595066,0.00005926968,0.00001374638,0.00004034742],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987551,0.0000310686,0.001006485,0.000006697538,0.00009815615,0.000005490524,0.00007911765,0.00001762917,2.32755e-7],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1996817,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4925804,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}