{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":4,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":4,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"b584f6147a12","filters":{"venue":"Journal of Online Learning Research"}},"results":[{"id":"W2611403286","doi":"10.70725/836428lgoszg","title":"Understanding a Brazilian High School Blended Learning Environment from the Perspective of Complex Systems","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Online Learning Research","topic":"Educational Environments and Student Outcomes","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Perspective (graphical); Blended learning; Computer science; Sociology; Pedagogy; Educational technology; Artificial intelligence","authors":[{"name":"Ana Paula Rodrigues Magalhães de Barros","is_ca":false},{"name":"Elaine Simmt","is_ca":true},{"name":"Marcus Vinícius Maltempi","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2637559444792733,"gpt":0.4737533381030583,"spread":0.2099973936237851,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004910671,0.00009436774,0.0002673458,0.0001241699,0.00300381,0.0003496626,0.0009502036,0.00007676335,0.000659054],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005179033,0.00006688357,0.000115589,0.0000845509,0.0007976533,0.0002584844,0.0002051121,0.001558235,0.00002130887],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001114402,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00058708,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007301379,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003103866,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9956058,0.001309185,0.0003874703,0.0001703989,0.002194923,0.0003322401],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9969301,0.001710519,0.000705065,0.000239481,0.0002427847,0.0001720063],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001263657,0.0004232204,0.9270965,0.00001597735,0.0003893098,0.00002920327,0.02493148,0.01102677,0.001062072,0.03297188,0.001243867,0.0006833707],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005086716,0.0001975267,0.7009169,0.0001384275,0.00002371767,0.000002388235,0.2707063,0.000190922,0.000004316607,0.002824322,0.02440732,0.00007915951],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9458255,0.0005847169,0.0002884943,0.0455593,0.0003334017,0.0002493602,0.0000095505,0.0000072245,0.00714241],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9922433,0.00132588,0.0003104859,0.00001702822,0.0008965575,0.000001833054,0.000003666549,0.00001325686,0.005187958],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2457749,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993091,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3033444414","doi":"10.70725/045476xmppqv","title":"Special Issue: Instructional Design in K-12 Online and Blended Learning Environments","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Online Learning Research","topic":"Online and Blended Learning","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Blended learning; Computer science; Educational technology; Multimedia; Mathematics education; Psychology","authors":[{"name":"Christopher Rozitis","is_ca":true},{"name":"Krista Tomaselli","is_ca":false},{"name":"Khendum Gyabak","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0740439928579451,"gpt":0.4177684575805505,"spread":0.3437244647226054,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.008110472,0.0001624081,0.0003524381,0.0009128856,0.0009839685,0.0001483028,0.0003994859,0.0002331131,0.001377039],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006020043,0.0001545062,0.00007963416,0.0007441053,0.0008835362,0.0005274367,0.0001692631,0.003904084,0.00005526598],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003117108,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00150601,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001488515,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009003053,"domain_scores_codex":[0.993454,0.00294231,0.0006425079,0.0002986465,0.001916345,0.0007461361],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977603,0.001084188,0.0003558083,0.0001010471,0.0004046991,0.0002939712],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000692007,0.000754587,0.1126854,0.00002632426,0.00007741626,0.0002163342,0.008284346,0.003458955,0.001760621,0.0003472436,0.003261887,0.8684349],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001252138,0.001337948,0.05841593,0.0001741652,0.00001207401,0.00005541385,0.0164778,0.001023025,0.00006757308,0.0004678347,0.920538,0.0001780961],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9875438,0.0001806983,0.0002100617,0.007169944,0.0005920943,0.0001786491,0.000002272103,0.00002043209,0.00410206],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.819399,0.004895866,0.0638034,0.0000881985,0.08170012,0.000003461263,0.00002427981,0.00008749558,0.02999817],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9172761,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995359,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7135047378","doi":"10.70725/087338byxtfp","title":"Lessons from COVID-19: Four Reasons School Communities Should Embrace K-12 Online Learning","year":2022,"lang":"","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Online Learning Research","topic":"COVID-19 and Mental Health","field":"Psychology","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Online learning; Quarter (Canadian coin); Data collection; Online community; Online participation; Experiential learning; Educational technology; Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Learning community","authors":[{"name":"Dillon Simmons","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.4203894814059043,"gpt":0.5690736466136397,"spread":0.1486841652077354,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.02488447,0.0008517946,0.001903569,0.003239716,0.008701002,0.0004907327,0.003673872,0.0006949015,0.03369343],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01990793,0.0009161485,0.0009221182,0.002511039,0.0009938069,0.0004789982,0.003620231,0.04875534,0.0002498192],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.007643211,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.02203326,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03525129,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009017702,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9570629,0.03014894,0.003001534,0.001035314,0.005852458,0.002898885],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9710644,0.01992588,0.002543816,0.001448208,0.001384081,0.00363362],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.01838958,0.0162135,0.545117,0.001710904,0.002387421,0.007877349,0.0802721,0.1407118,0.002240212,0.0007995166,0.07392239,0.1103582],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005952323,0.007401473,0.04788978,0.0006433281,0.0001839835,0.001100722,0.2627941,0.005133866,0.000006464837,0.0004780164,0.6677985,0.0006173622],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8473507,0.01584642,0.000396718,0.1307544,0.00230111,0.0008678176,0.001038844,0.0001278581,0.001316194],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9305648,0.01293926,0.001312781,0.004965646,0.003689765,0.00004732324,0.0008197649,0.0002980681,0.04536264],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5938761,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993289,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7135058931","doi":"10.70725/134047chyicw","title":"Using a Motivational Typology to Understand and Respond to Disruptive Behaviour","year":2022,"lang":"","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Online Learning Research","topic":"Motivation and Self-Concept in Sports","field":"Psychology","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Tyndale University","funders":"","keywords":"Typology; Semiotics; User engagement; Affect (linguistics)","authors":[{"name":"Heather J. S. Birch","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.209258153678069,"gpt":0.49967866334759,"spread":0.290420509669521,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.008848766,0.0002678724,0.0006200197,0.002737297,0.001424416,0.0001341905,0.0005622589,0.0002065731,0.009867446],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00360601,0.000283468,0.0001472338,0.002241443,0.0003012037,0.0001439153,0.0008415335,0.005265682,0.00002765518],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001037097,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001342305,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001359593,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003238909,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9909956,0.00397043,0.00124102,0.000601823,0.002281641,0.0009094144],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9949528,0.001916604,0.0006166681,0.0002948542,0.001469263,0.0007498063],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.01143695,0.002788076,0.7303923,0.00006786221,0.0005096033,0.002308625,0.1686252,0.04184803,0.00355683,0.006444662,0.0221921,0.009829783],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003338556,0.01213577,0.4811178,0.000235433,0.00007709777,0.002137858,0.4101785,0.0003403391,0.00001906612,0.0008089018,0.08911438,0.000496398],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9814354,0.000497058,0.001126432,0.01454986,0.000916967,0.0005140057,0.00007068347,0.000009561546,0.0008800146],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9841018,0.00005749598,0.003824427,0.0007575292,0.0007614372,0.000006769594,0.00001653385,0.00006590729,0.0104081],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2492745,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999617,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}