{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":13,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":13,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"d37bc42ebc13","filters":{"venue":"Journal of Orthodontic Science"}},"results":[{"id":"W3141361489","doi":"10.4103/jos.jos_120_17","title":"Evaluation of root length following treatment with clear aligners and two different fixed orthodontic appliances. A pilot study","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Orthodontic Science","topic":"Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","field":"Dentistry","cited_by":50,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Root resorption; Medicine; Dentistry; Malocclusion; Orthodontics; Cone beam computed tomography; Resorption; Computed tomography; Surgery","authors":[{"name":"Osama Eissa","is_ca":false},{"name":"Terry Carlyle","is_ca":true},{"name":"Tarek El‐Bialy","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.09273515190837534,"gpt":0.3785825628328272,"spread":0.2858474109244519,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.008885772,0.0003451049,0.000811471,0.0004761741,0.0004162988,0.0002471065,0.0004654349,0.00004163143,0.00004517121],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006652322,0.0002319505,0.0001756483,0.0009562193,0.0006619853,0.0006355522,0.0001284431,0.0001847287,0.0000068149],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002950762,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007701641,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002219451,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00316389,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9935709,0.0005063571,0.001091136,0.0005288566,0.003806807,0.0004959656],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9960696,0.0002073242,0.001164678,0.0005175127,0.001685174,0.0003557483],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005099836,0.001343921,0.9620775,0.00001412609,0.0003136743,0.000142821,0.001007799,0.00006610818,0.005257253,0.00009551283,0.00001197823,0.02915934],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.009505464,0.02016198,0.9603581,0.0001995616,0.002383893,0.0002681674,0.001531993,0.002497985,0.00251367,0.00006947577,0.0001363403,0.0003733874],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9929371,0.0004016656,0.004059317,0.00002795773,0.001202694,0.0007492534,0.00000402458,0.0000173586,0.0006006105],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9957917,0.00003718224,0.003742439,0.0000169028,0.00025733,0.0000121096,5.615034e-7,0.00002964887,0.0001120722],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02878595,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9458668,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2968426584","doi":"10.4103/jos.jos_17_19","title":"Effect of high-frequency vibration on orthodontic tooth movement and bone density","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Orthodontic Science","topic":"Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","field":"Dentistry","cited_by":43,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Orthodontics; Movement (music); Vibration; Dentistry; Materials science; Medicine; Acoustics; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Tarek El‐Bialy","is_ca":true},{"name":"Thomas Shipley","is_ca":false},{"name":"Khaled Farouk","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01104542673801718,"gpt":0.2809189154526188,"spread":0.2698734887146016,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00652706,0.0002663137,0.0007883571,0.0005292133,0.0001754757,0.0001783608,0.0004093894,0.0001113924,0.00009317647],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001461043,0.0002035361,0.0002250136,0.0007740845,0.0003408529,0.0007621936,0.0001570338,0.0003466796,0.00003718825],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001112337,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002779399,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009906782,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004656508,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9960194,0.0003025759,0.00106925,0.0004114549,0.001788202,0.0004090694],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9968972,0.0005219588,0.001213103,0.0005156627,0.0005622398,0.000289797],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000327456,0.0001116277,0.9030837,0.0001429712,0.0000400056,0.0001822334,0.0001019409,0.0001153776,0.08270469,0.005092927,0.00003938061,0.00805765],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00196446,0.002810051,0.9494876,0.0002519343,0.0001684216,0.0002741121,0.00003417289,0.0003068103,0.04401724,0.0003556747,0.00006423659,0.0002652729],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9917558,0.0002056015,0.00447859,0.00009542702,0.002333135,0.0003626775,0.000006184208,0.00001486748,0.0007477317],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9934478,0.0000737909,0.005810221,0.0001614854,0.0001395006,0.000001507485,0.000001076298,0.00001991218,0.0003446754],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04640388,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8299962,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2793780378","doi":"10.4103/jos.jos_84_17","title":"Comparative tomographic study of the maxillary central incisor collum angle between Class I, Class II, division 1 and 2 patients","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Orthodontic Science","topic":"dental development and anomalies","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Maxillary central incisor; Orthodontics; Dentistry; Division (mathematics); Class (philosophy); Computed tomographic; Medicine; Mathematics; Computer science; Computed tomography; Surgery; Artificial intelligence; Arithmetic","authors":[{"name":"MuriloFernando Neuppmann Feres","is_ca":false},{"name":"BiancaSantana Rozolen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Adel Alhadlaq","is_ca":false},{"name":"ThamerA Alkhadra","is_ca":false},{"name":"Tarek El‐Bialy","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01772275604410483,"gpt":0.2750539775004524,"spread":0.2573312214563475,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004725926,0.00008793203,0.0001764044,0.00008506249,0.0003022821,0.00003251551,0.0003564211,0.00003374037,0.000003031269],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008724763,0.00005540425,0.00005125507,0.0003698248,0.000617802,0.00002347318,0.00035105,0.00006537695,2.356552e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001251054,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001185853,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004494752,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003052934,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988789,0.00006573057,0.0003021358,0.0001533516,0.0004258767,0.0001740044],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991405,0.00001344799,0.0003136494,0.0001326182,0.0003189543,0.0000808578],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003126583,0.0001553135,0.9716536,0.000003106927,0.00002408633,0.000001290944,0.0006711351,0.000001256499,0.02667542,0.000003065949,0.0001415296,0.000638967],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005995058,0.001692988,0.9706349,0.00002751125,0.00002034093,0.000009505772,0.000622548,0.00001052091,0.02573138,0.00001465225,0.0005655825,0.00007049785],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9991692,0.00007914685,0.00003526628,0.00004039095,0.0003425518,0.0001441692,0.0000037454,0.000001061447,0.0001844397],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995572,0.0000145384,0.0002556198,0.00003519228,0.00006269947,5.800977e-7,8.772714e-7,0.000003229331,0.00007006019],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001537675,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.232494,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2900833078","doi":"10.4103/jos.jos_53_18","title":"Effect of the application of high-frequency mechanical vibration on tooth length concurrent with orthodontic treatment using clear aligners: A retrospective study","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Orthodontic Science","topic":"Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","field":"Dentistry","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Medicine; Dentistry; Cone beam computed tomography; Malocclusion; Orthodontics; Incisor; Computed tomography; Surgery","authors":[{"name":"Tarek El‐Bialy","is_ca":true},{"name":"Khaled Farouk","is_ca":false},{"name":"Thoas Shipley","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02609947640150951,"gpt":0.3390082263308909,"spread":0.3129087499293814,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003848564,0.0002761486,0.0007506235,0.00029348,0.0003151767,0.00008739846,0.000602874,0.00008298089,0.00001687599],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008612792,0.000156453,0.0002519508,0.001348079,0.0007308305,0.0004061745,0.0001037893,0.0002265026,0.000003761513],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003843706,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005105317,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003567628,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003780264,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9957159,0.0005973814,0.001045309,0.0004291153,0.001893434,0.0003188249],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9958965,0.0002475464,0.001937795,0.0006732796,0.001087544,0.0001573243],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009994014,0.001005837,0.9373631,0.00004266485,0.0001885136,0.00003867101,0.0007444663,0.0002276798,0.04502657,0.00517013,0.000004690058,0.009188205],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004458077,0.03182068,0.8689209,0.0002881725,0.001053416,0.0002229434,0.0003426915,0.002922493,0.08949544,0.0001350599,0.00002377379,0.0003164128],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9585943,0.00003221026,0.03923805,0.00002976523,0.001075277,0.0008944454,0.000009656447,0.0000107234,0.0001155261],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9963714,0.000009229982,0.00332789,0.00001605787,0.0002240917,0.000006659065,5.010661e-7,0.00002244581,0.00002173184],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.06844233,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6379967,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3145924263","doi":"10.4103/2278-0203.197396","title":"Effect of gingival fibroblasts and ultrasound on dogs′ root resorption during orthodontic treatment","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Orthodontic Science","topic":"Periodontal Regeneration and Treatments","field":"Medicine","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Cementum; Beagle; Dentistry; Root resorption; Premolar; Resorption; Dental cementum; Medicine; Coronal plane; Apex (geometry); Orthodontics; Molar; Anatomy; Dentin; Pathology; Internal medicine","authors":[{"name":"Tarek El‐Bialy","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jacqueline Crossman","is_ca":true},{"name":"AliH Hassan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ali Saleem","is_ca":false},{"name":"Nayef H. Felemban","is_ca":false},{"name":"Saleh M Al-Daghreer","is_ca":false},{"name":"Elham Fawzi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mamdouh Farid","is_ca":false},{"name":"Khaled Abdel Ghaffar","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ausama Gargoum","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02002173655218019,"gpt":0.3461614807803393,"spread":0.3261397442281591,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001053671,0.0001622957,0.0004332949,0.00025734,0.0004499106,0.0001231432,0.0001572238,0.00004253845,0.00001553284],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001222462,0.0001015748,0.0001419489,0.0001119633,0.0003912266,0.0003804203,0.00003331171,0.000100334,0.000003776613],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002046405,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001760817,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004077406,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003621622,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985028,0.00008246471,0.0003739655,0.0002161134,0.0006085907,0.0002160874],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984933,0.0001739452,0.0005675863,0.0003688307,0.0001502616,0.0002460382],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001134734,0.0001593033,0.7187532,0.00006735475,0.00006697151,0.0001919273,0.0001916469,0.00003037801,0.2675944,0.00004828238,0.000004542947,0.01175729],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003338321,0.004484653,0.795011,0.0003805063,0.0001489979,0.001119421,0.00001005385,0.00006413522,0.1953449,0.000005958539,0.00002623082,0.00006578627],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9985451,0.0001828587,0.00006932939,0.0001613104,0.0002673279,0.0002008365,0.000001741102,0.000006453974,0.0005650232],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982381,0.00009857883,0.001114215,0.000008543202,0.00009602035,0.000002187719,5.325791e-7,0.000009114294,0.0004326959],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0762578,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4142101,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2165613091","doi":"10.4103/2278-0203.143237","title":"Mechanical properties of cobalt-chromium wires compared to stainless steel and β-titanium wires","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Orthodontic Science","topic":"Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","field":"Dentistry","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Titanium; Deformation (meteorology); Molybdenum; Chromium; Composite material; Statistical analysis; Titanium alloy; Metallurgy; Alloy; Mathematics","authors":[{"name":"Tarek El‐Bialy","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ahmad Alobeid","is_ca":false},{"name":"Malak Hasan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mahmoud Al-Suleiman","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0375931284897051,"gpt":0.2943090217831845,"spread":0.2567158932934794,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004130546,0.0002184966,0.0007064307,0.0003785201,0.0002504269,0.0002602972,0.0007418468,0.00008358587,0.00002143179],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002168183,0.0001660068,0.0001559874,0.0006910944,0.0006410416,0.0005273894,0.0003428499,0.0002497566,0.0000100616],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007006765,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000401996,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007964091,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001857272,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9963759,0.0001942379,0.001059916,0.0003434871,0.00156967,0.000456822],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9970927,0.0001757704,0.0007242974,0.0003982413,0.001097467,0.0005114889],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007570354,0.0004087335,0.3789518,0.0003299626,0.0001116943,0.0001843321,0.001139061,0.0004126435,0.5903776,0.01866643,0.0009647983,0.007695918],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003048057,0.001713463,0.8508009,0.001044377,0.0003260084,0.001153667,0.001685173,0.005881311,0.125231,0.0005454768,0.007698921,0.0008716327],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.983358,0.0002936952,0.014016,0.0002693226,0.001382984,0.0001901049,0.000007426388,0.00001632038,0.0004661606],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9883174,0.00003919678,0.01104265,0.0001674548,0.0002130547,0.000001678983,2.118641e-7,0.00001864757,0.0001997289],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4718491,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6769561,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4381716339","doi":"10.4103/jos.jos_75_22","title":"Prevalence of mesio-distal dilaceration in patients presenting for initial orthodontic care: A retrospective study","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Orthodontic Science","topic":"dental development and anomalies","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Dawson College","funders":"","keywords":"Medicine; Molar; Dentistry; Orthodontics; Maxilla; Mandible (arthropod mouthpart); Mandibular second molar","authors":[{"name":"Abubaker Qutieshat","is_ca":false},{"name":"Nutayla Al-Harthy","is_ca":false},{"name":"Shahab Javanmardi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gurdeep Singh","is_ca":false},{"name":"Viresh Chopra","is_ca":false},{"name":"Rayhana Aouididi","is_ca":true},{"name":"Omar Al Hanashi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Abdulghani Al Arabi","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01779222506630315,"gpt":0.3178167661271274,"spread":0.3000245410608243,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001245179,0.00008928198,0.0001685521,0.0002175828,0.0001030905,0.00003911217,0.0002712782,0.00003252722,0.00000246054],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001001169,0.00007733327,0.00007426359,0.0004713845,0.0001306676,0.00004247502,0.0001312147,0.00005899471,5.62782e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004302243,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002182387,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000365272,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002327894,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986126,0.00005982329,0.0004452026,0.0002131169,0.0004670371,0.0002022222],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989725,0.00002436296,0.0003287085,0.0001162126,0.0005107937,0.00004743462],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000121327,0.0001122279,0.9729593,0.00005662043,0.00001185487,0.000004861708,0.0009144489,0.00003306899,0.02515144,0.000009633436,0.00003186763,0.0005933336],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001014892,0.0008385211,0.9776456,0.00004269632,0.00001877276,0.00000301525,0.0008609085,0.00005112163,0.01940023,0.00002293777,0.0000159205,0.00008543281],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.998811,0.00005012862,0.0002971276,0.00001145429,0.0003731586,0.0003402402,0.000006782935,0.000002978981,0.0001071412],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985324,0.00001774728,0.001182833,0.000005812299,0.00006759525,0.000007240135,0.000004489487,0.000007055499,0.0001748989],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.005751207,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3153559,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2100263606","doi":"10.4103/2278-0203.143230","title":"Comparison of two three-dimensional cephalometric analysis computer software","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Orthodontic Science","topic":"Dental Radiography and Imaging","field":"Dentistry","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Orthodontics; Intraclass correlation; Software; Statistical analysis; Cephalometric analysis; Statistical software; Reliability (semiconductor); Cone beam computed tomography; Significant difference; Mathematics; Computer science; Computed tomography; Medicine; Reproducibility; Statistics; Physics; Radiology","authors":[{"name":"Tarek El‐Bialy","is_ca":true},{"name":"Dena Sawchuk","is_ca":true},{"name":"Adel Alhadlaq","is_ca":false},{"name":"Thamer Alkhadra","is_ca":false},{"name":"Terry Carlyle","is_ca":true},{"name":"Budi Kusnoto","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03308208381351682,"gpt":0.3492745150664707,"spread":0.3161924312529538,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002634573,0.0001254138,0.0005885494,0.002474504,0.0001814183,0.0001127678,0.0007090608,0.00002861765,0.0001023931],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004887857,0.00009986234,0.000493912,0.006946082,0.0004707416,0.0005900094,0.0001179557,0.0002279729,0.00001370399],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004028158,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008674929,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003792563,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003705042,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9971392,0.00009425921,0.0008167001,0.0002250128,0.001446262,0.0002785939],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9975833,0.0004238754,0.0009326217,0.0002860273,0.0005797881,0.0001943687],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001587205,0.000130508,0.9721292,0.000009966353,0.000140141,0.00002062939,0.00004415266,0.005110386,0.001573973,0.0001193979,0.0002047845,0.02050103],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005083386,0.0001502176,0.9469128,0.00004504444,0.0003934489,0.0002053475,0.00001721358,0.04988508,0.001500137,0.0001936734,0.00007670813,0.0001120182],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6783878,0.0002545907,0.3203811,0.00001428543,0.0008186054,0.00002619828,0.000001729753,0.000007607946,0.0001080795],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8972127,0.000001346899,0.1025899,0.00005138295,0.0001206334,1.91401e-7,6.010009e-7,0.000005564543,0.00001769782],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2188249,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4072268,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404666369","doi":"10.4103/jos.jos_13_24","title":"Skeletal and dental effects of skeletally anchored forsus fatigue resistant devices during class II malocclusion treatment: A meta-analysis and systematic review","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Journal of Orthodontic Science","topic":"Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","field":"Dentistry","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Malocclusion; Meta-analysis; Orthodontics; Medicine; Dentistry","authors":[{"name":"Osama Eissa","is_ca":false},{"name":"Samira Diar-Bakirly","is_ca":false},{"name":"Humam Saltaji","is_ca":true},{"name":"Tarek El‐Bialy","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06265405526402103,"gpt":0.376065114087305,"spread":0.313411058823284,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004611113,0.0008412773,0.009343195,0.001759424,0.0004551487,0.000421932,0.0007502147,0.0002595059,0.00002036416],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001519613,0.000489063,0.004494846,0.003233756,0.0005177644,0.0005433133,0.000640994,0.000505262,0.000004321255],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002591075,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005861211,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000423875,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002717359,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9922121,0.0007255349,0.003520119,0.0008433521,0.002174686,0.0005241926],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9932202,0.000708293,0.004319561,0.0007536754,0.000532497,0.0004658492],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"meta_analysis","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001665446,0.0001279389,0.0003885695,0.9476691,0.04504534,0.001880383,0.0001052992,6.704744e-7,0.0000395688,0.0001364962,0.000008124549,0.004581827],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004019708,0.000599919,0.0006510501,0.1571716,0.8357278,0.002314965,0.00002936721,0.00002855454,0.00001559727,0.000009801603,0.002520882,0.0005285189],"study_design_candidate":"systematic_review","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.01154571,0.9858578,0.0002727469,0.000018686,0.0005439656,0.001632782,0.00006836394,0.00001688247,0.00004303929],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.008750692,0.9889689,0.001615927,0.00001728183,0.00008530813,0.00004222982,0.000006669823,0.00005211137,0.0004608916],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7906824,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997561,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404666371","doi":"10.4103/jos.jos_41_24","title":"Quantitative assessment of orthodontic treatments performed by graduate orthodontic students of an International School of Dentistry","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Orthodontic Science","topic":"Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","field":"Dentistry","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Dentistry; Orthodontics; Medicine","authors":[{"name":"Mohsen Gholizadeh","is_ca":true},{"name":"Fahimeh Farzanegan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Farzin Heravi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Tarek El‐Bialy","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.08058805989236346,"gpt":0.4578173710137639,"spread":0.3772293111214004,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.007092204,0.0004689226,0.00130982,0.001314062,0.0001787724,0.000368044,0.002038135,0.0001752834,0.000284668],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001983773,0.0003940033,0.0006997758,0.001842343,0.001010142,0.002352938,0.0003873316,0.0006447982,0.00001635448],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003368944,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001729926,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001731577,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007790973,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9901628,0.0004466193,0.003033483,0.0006920701,0.005054572,0.000610485],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9932469,0.0005905098,0.002583102,0.0007331049,0.002277771,0.0005685978],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002513874,0.001226219,0.9458135,0.0003481269,0.0007965086,0.0005685468,0.0004051648,0.0001814684,0.04570301,0.001080463,0.0002044831,0.003421108],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001913528,0.001801641,0.9760239,0.001016366,0.0008847875,0.0006118917,0.0007676645,0.004223961,0.01199729,0.0001496252,0.0002161505,0.0003932324],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9753988,0.0007206544,0.01750262,0.00004090375,0.004930627,0.0003888153,0.0002014846,0.00002579049,0.0007902845],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9560758,0.0005292283,0.04232375,0.00001963142,0.0001263523,0.000006630962,0.00001946694,0.00005163428,0.0008474778],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03370572,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998512,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7116924902","doi":"10.4103/jos.jos_66_25","title":"Diagnostic accuracy of artificial intelligence in determining extraction protocol in orthodontic patients: A systematic review","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Orthodontic Science","topic":"Dental Radiography and Imaging","field":"Dentistry","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Artificial neural network; Protocol (science); Classifier (UML); Diagnostic accuracy; Ranging; Range (aeronautics)","authors":[{"name":"Sharvari Mairal","is_ca":false},{"name":"Vipul Kumar Sharma","is_ca":false},{"name":"K J Jakshmi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ulhaas Kashyap","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mahesh Khairnar","is_ca":false},{"name":"T. P. Chaturvedi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ankita Jamdade","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03059498897245426,"gpt":0.3885242803861214,"spread":0.3579292914136671,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005508796,0.0001663496,0.0007684978,0.001474971,0.00007834978,0.0001095001,0.0007027383,0.00004433642,0.00002042255],"category_scores_gemma":[0.03169315,0.0001375635,0.0002026016,0.003748351,0.000243309,0.001380497,0.00008850552,0.0003688127,0.000005449797],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001804301,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003385721,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003049096,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009104042,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9957268,0.0003746194,0.002486435,0.0002643445,0.0008255586,0.0003222155],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9955456,0.001958921,0.001660736,0.0003164347,0.0004379673,0.00008030217],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001024462,0.0007753382,0.8882983,0.07673357,0.00002656944,0.0004222373,0.0003363866,0.0001101933,0.001379159,0.0003902847,0.00002102145,0.03140445],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005921238,0.0002190714,0.6726171,0.3196815,0.0002170737,0.0003222681,0.0005957024,0.002323712,0.00238557,0.0007721155,0.000009634569,0.0002641313],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.915598,0.002373758,0.04302547,0.00009645401,0.001743747,0.03661126,0.000002687493,0.00001745086,0.0005312021],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9941797,0.0001464805,0.004001619,0.00009927616,0.0000180579,0.001534585,2.22402e-7,0.000007670474,0.0000123761],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2429479,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9764633,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4414609520","doi":"10.4103/jos.jos_148_24","title":"Three-dimensional evaluation of the predictability of clear aligners in the treatment of maxillary transverse and anteroposterior tooth movements using cone beam computed tomography: A preliminary retrospective study","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Orthodontic Science","topic":"Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","field":"Dentistry","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Transverse plane; Cone beam computed tomography; Predictability; Retrospective cohort study; Movement (music); Cephalometry","authors":[{"name":"Alaa Abdullah Basudan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Doaa H. Alsaggaf","is_ca":false},{"name":"Lujain Alsulaimani","is_ca":false},{"name":"Khalid H. Zawawi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Tarek El‐Bialy","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ali Hassan","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04354628056057881,"gpt":0.336772960188961,"spread":0.2932266796283822,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004792915,0.0001381311,0.0004585932,0.0003166472,0.0001287243,0.00002896916,0.0003469838,0.00004648038,0.000007700842],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002429928,0.00008303632,0.0001929207,0.00116618,0.0007281509,0.0002088735,0.00008517268,0.0001092208,3.582644e-8],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001472398,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004593728,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003106321,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003593303,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9965912,0.0003666006,0.0009567793,0.0002295845,0.001696161,0.0001596761],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977471,0.0001377824,0.000826165,0.0003542251,0.0008910313,0.00004375371],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005320814,0.001291102,0.9857923,0.00003282021,0.0001087007,0.00001921759,0.001977334,0.0007245971,0.00823367,0.00001881966,0.000001940931,0.001267415],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002406959,0.002195565,0.9840403,0.0002055314,0.0004284958,0.00004146445,0.001361937,0.006951847,0.0022354,0.00007315516,0.00000156243,0.000057736],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9975447,0.000429331,0.0005288323,0.0000304614,0.0004979335,0.0009150468,0.00002517084,0.000001879721,0.00002665672],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998959,0.00001645332,0.0009862635,0.00001544905,0.00001265043,0.000002236856,3.556054e-7,0.000004486097,0.000003078324],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00622725,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3386123,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7116928175","doi":"10.4103/jos.jos_69_25","title":"Evaluating Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor Kappa B Ligand (RANKL) and Osteoprotegerin (OPG) expression during canine retraction: A comparison between periodontal distraction versus conventional retraction","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Orthodontic Science","topic":"Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","field":"Dentistry","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Osteoprotegerin; RANKL; Bone resorption; Activator (genetics); Distraction; Receptor; Resorption; Bone remodeling","authors":[{"name":"Osama Eissa","is_ca":false},{"name":"Atia Yousif","is_ca":false},{"name":"El-Bialy Tarek","is_ca":true},{"name":"Shaimaa Elmarhoumy","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sherif Ramadan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mohammed Farag","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06867006151388856,"gpt":0.3925063640586456,"spread":0.323836302544757,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002200052,0.0002424759,0.0006165259,0.0004744979,0.0006467935,0.0002690159,0.0003028599,0.0002381048,0.0001900689],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001913756,0.0002258521,0.0002103035,0.0007426674,0.0003180733,0.001414341,0.0001469732,0.0008433339,0.000005528166],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003398242,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004464849,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008637514,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004697805,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9961477,0.0001801191,0.001297233,0.0004183616,0.00162433,0.0003322418],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9965938,0.0003585668,0.001761375,0.0002691147,0.0007787175,0.0002383738],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001416677,0.0001358015,0.3837996,0.0001455342,0.00007828342,0.00002016946,0.0002549683,0.00004194252,0.6075093,0.00006435574,0.00008569827,0.00644766],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002395899,0.00050065,0.9149436,0.000482039,0.0001619461,0.0001101738,0.0007125915,0.0004570637,0.07927278,0.00001081708,0.0007434409,0.0002090368],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9934732,0.0001622369,0.001298531,0.0001356318,0.00435673,0.0002631831,0.00003218077,0.00002360972,0.000254681],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9938647,0.00005115616,0.00540622,0.00000584043,0.0004729057,0.000002491887,0.000004541294,0.00001899554,0.0001732076],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5311439,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9209983,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}