{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":49,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":1,"predictions_cover":49,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"query_hash":"165f642bae1c","filters":{"venue":"Journal of Phase Equilibria and Diffusion"}},"results":[{"id":"W2951582808","doi":"10.1007/s11669-004-0151-4","title":"Critical thermodynamic evaluation and optimization of the MgO-Al2O3, CaO-MgO-Al2O3, and MgO-Al2O3-SiO2 Systems","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Phase Equilibria and Diffusion","topic":"Metallurgical Processes and Thermodynamics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":148,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Liquidus; Thermodynamic databases for pure substances; Thermodynamics; Phase diagram; Thermodynamic process; Gibbs free energy; Spinel; CALPHAD; Material properties; Thermodynamic state; Thermodynamic system; Materials science; Phase (matter); Chemistry; Metallurgy; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01139182691001252,"gpt":0.2680305812725758,"spread":0.2566387543625633,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000659236,0.0002380848,0.0004335836,0.0001258611,0.0001362002,0.000117068,0.0001404159,0.0001678709,0.00004313635],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002399988,0.0001568449,0.0000950817,0.0001804644,0.000146606,0.0004405221,0.0000882172,0.000261054,5.424552e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007220657,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006429573,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001787154,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004411675,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982875,0.000112103,0.0006664236,0.0001899675,0.0005208997,0.0002231019],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989737,0.0001587754,0.000239886,0.0001806337,0.0002546037,0.0001924158],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003249348,0.0004030137,0.0001126138,0.0008444265,0.0001343791,0.0000226317,0.0006960267,0.1030379,0.8818512,0.005909977,0.00002262394,0.006640235],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003408027,0.0002531956,0.0006225636,0.0003927867,0.0002233746,0.0002236274,0.000139654,0.9913392,0.0001373391,0.003034726,0.00004943791,0.0001760914],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.936793,0.004394052,0.05730403,0.0001759111,0.0006513767,0.0002690004,0.00001269921,0.00002162424,0.0003783126],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979566,0.001168302,0.0006017502,0.00002100932,0.0001921387,0.000003556809,0.000006064499,0.00003453535,0.00001606347],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8883013,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.639595,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2020159991","doi":"10.1361/105497100770340192","title":"On the choice of “Geometric” thermodynamic models","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Phase Equilibria and Diffusion","topic":"Phase Equilibria and Thermodynamics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":140,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Ternary operation; Component (thermodynamics); Binary number; Statistical physics; Thermodynamics; Flexibility (engineering); Mathematics; Applied mathematics; Physics; Computer science; Statistics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01602591947163737,"gpt":0.2477896001158501,"spread":0.2317636806442127,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002617236,0.0001841564,0.0003224239,0.0002217779,0.00004972866,0.00003099209,0.000248029,0.00008396713,0.0004014077],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004630711,0.0001168786,0.0001481688,0.0003196356,0.00006541779,0.0003059736,0.00002538929,0.0002443549,0.000004736185],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003444076,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002210691,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007214415,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001688086,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988394,0.00005133606,0.0004836255,0.0001042699,0.0003153867,0.0002059906],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990646,0.0003973065,0.0001398319,0.0002286029,0.00004900503,0.0001206776],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004400019,0.0004608249,0.00004147163,0.00005090409,0.0001367116,0.00002337427,0.0002652808,0.006668821,0.9339712,0.004947092,0.0004336414,0.0525607],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002718146,0.0004905271,0.0002724171,0.000133025,0.00006267902,0.00005283282,0.00002380849,0.9801627,0.002179466,0.01332004,0.0004248829,0.0001595272],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9886439,0.0006638286,0.001922448,0.00007453137,0.000222683,0.0001089247,0.00001770188,0.00002842973,0.008317523],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990596,0.0005678664,0.00005626162,0.00004472605,0.0001326841,0.000001247355,0.000002326201,0.00003150841,0.0001037723],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9734938,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4766173,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2952316261","doi":"10.1007/s11669-005-0055-y","title":"Thermodynamic modeling of the Fe-S system","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Phase Equilibria and Diffusion","topic":"Metallurgical Processes and Thermodynamics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":116,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Liquidus; Thermodynamics; Pyrrhotite; Gibbs free energy; Stoichiometry; Dissolution; Phase diagram; Sulfur; Phase (matter); Chemistry; Materials science; Physical chemistry; Metallurgy; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00911728727150156,"gpt":0.2251040923664578,"spread":0.2159868050949562,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001658382,0.00009836791,0.0002193925,0.00004747878,0.00003528999,0.00001661898,0.000147341,0.00005276132,0.00001798479],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001202907,0.00005534482,0.0001133646,0.00008151231,0.00002051035,0.0001428369,0.00004029291,0.0001357665,8.178978e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000309116,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001382791,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001708492,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001179731,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999248,0.00002097965,0.0003899283,0.00005365711,0.0001821472,0.0001053005],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996226,0.00002658066,0.0001275702,0.0001074133,0.00004983684,0.0000659968],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007437361,0.00008886235,0.000008096735,0.0002174976,0.00004481192,0.000004117634,0.0001569309,0.04205863,0.9470797,0.002173719,0.000008278126,0.008084951],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009982035,0.00004561389,0.00002075442,0.000163983,0.00004107186,0.00006062405,0.00006216177,0.9978446,0.0002930041,0.0002889627,0.0001190138,0.00006204804],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9585702,0.001082352,0.03849678,0.00004687668,0.0002265983,0.00005118013,0.000002668119,0.00001641973,0.001506931],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994347,0.0001565765,0.000209507,0.00000836749,0.0001557447,3.385722e-7,3.76924e-7,0.0000150738,0.00001932924],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9557859,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2256896,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1991310463","doi":"10.1007/s11669-008-9426-5","title":"Thermodynamic Assessment of the Al-Mn and Mg-Al-Mn Systems","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Phase Equilibria and Diffusion","topic":"Metallurgical and Alloy Processes","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":86,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; General Motors of Canada","keywords":"Thermodynamics; Ternary operation; Ternary numeral system; Phase (matter); Gibbs free energy; Materials science; Binary number; Phase diagram; Phase equilibrium; Chemistry; Physics; Computer science; Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02138968295491241,"gpt":0.2962549515010651,"spread":0.2748652685461527,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004855941,0.0001233495,0.000338147,0.00004921683,0.0001418592,0.00005743967,0.0001934278,0.00004395854,0.0001317244],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006301506,0.00006361515,0.00007973335,0.00009491625,0.0001738065,0.0002685779,0.0001445166,0.0001153725,0.000001168246],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001283444,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008468518,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001082228,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.429105e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986598,0.0001277493,0.0004887386,0.0001418238,0.0004315192,0.0001503057],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990214,0.000115156,0.0004920837,0.0001351122,0.0001111056,0.0001251608],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008068294,0.0002297738,0.000400885,0.00006390861,0.00001014684,0.00002382141,0.00008963922,0.000004453632,0.9980423,0.0003400521,0.0003657662,0.0003485708],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.04692761,0.008358778,0.1023482,0.004606253,0.0009319239,0.0114214,0.001737261,0.407802,0.3344884,0.007151569,0.07195237,0.00227429],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9970467,0.001105309,0.0003959657,0.0005030953,0.0004872758,0.0001030025,0.00001383577,0.00000658468,0.0003382246],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987385,0.0006185815,0.00018086,0.0001252923,0.00009142056,0.000001286349,8.968607e-7,0.000007983779,0.0002352315],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.663554,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2594151,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1994540366","doi":"10.1007/s11669-007-9095-9","title":"Critical Evaluation and Thermodynamic Optimization of the Binary Systems in the Mg-Ce-Mn-Y System","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Phase Equilibria and Diffusion","topic":"Thermodynamic and Structural Properties of Metals and Alloys","field":"Engineering","cited_by":55,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; General Motors of Canada","keywords":"Thermodynamics; Gibbs free energy; Phase diagram; Binary number; Mixing (physics); Binary system; Standard enthalpy of formation; Materials science; Thermodynamic databases for pure substances; Experimental data; Phase (matter); Thermodynamic process; Material properties; Chemistry; Physics; Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01252138363315499,"gpt":0.2602360193550129,"spread":0.247714635721858,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008832206,0.00008850361,0.0001719092,0.00006175038,0.00005564141,0.0000353256,0.0001085779,0.00005654669,0.000006082828],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000552351,0.00004289966,0.00004676366,0.00008511871,0.00005802734,0.0001673392,0.00002484687,0.0001261984,7.033161e-8],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003190617,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001310279,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009087378,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001449713,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990597,0.0001146011,0.0003879264,0.00005846026,0.0002728926,0.000106364],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995956,0.0001113002,0.00009815001,0.00008828039,0.00007061277,0.00003601462],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00022187,0.0000699971,0.0001571906,0.0003412305,0.00002942605,0.0000131463,0.000911266,0.02168231,0.959582,0.001677175,0.00002208299,0.01529231],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001093141,0.0001164172,0.003666317,0.0002586283,0.00005422723,0.0001424691,0.001176829,0.9932153,0.0001099462,0.00009521085,0.00001429955,0.00005721629],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9919223,0.00398823,0.003104277,0.00006285099,0.0004489876,0.000162094,0.000003466174,0.000006765566,0.0003009917],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996802,0.0001461319,0.00006544292,0.000007502422,0.00008655006,8.969927e-7,0.000001142589,0.000008101769,0.000004009967],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.971533,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1749398,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2084288439","doi":"10.1361/1054971023604125","title":"Thermodynamic assessment of the Ni-Zn system","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Phase Equilibria and Diffusion","topic":"Electronic Packaging and Soldering Technologies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":50,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Thermodynamics; Phase diagram; Phase equilibrium; Materials science; Chemistry; Metallurgy; Physics; Phase (matter); Organic chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01080054025199558,"gpt":0.2422375718631269,"spread":0.2314370316111313,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001377851,0.00008256136,0.0001799055,0.00006709567,0.00003876533,0.00001470878,0.0001570892,0.00005275825,0.000008934602],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001435996,0.00005056357,0.00006695846,0.00008895686,0.00003662111,0.00007018077,0.00004305909,0.0001889892,3.186511e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005895162,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009556778,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001538533,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.070015e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994042,0.0000231738,0.0002482379,0.00004881275,0.0001522686,0.0001233269],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999655,0.00003029124,0.0001135365,0.0001497487,0.00002236147,0.00002903209],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004803108,0.0000674046,0.0006149474,0.00009855215,0.00003885202,0.000007086425,0.0001190992,0.00009910696,0.9875534,0.001097241,0.0003624204,0.009937084],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001594357,0.0002384475,0.002236322,0.0003921718,0.00005269307,0.0001835927,0.0002048905,0.9882417,0.006206939,0.000317615,0.0002241674,0.0001071466],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9952337,0.001297897,0.00158698,0.0001057862,0.0003057112,0.00004441453,0.000001593289,0.00006820949,0.001355773],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994102,0.0002774445,0.0002124941,0.000003322515,0.00003940311,6.255633e-7,1.206825e-7,0.00001010888,0.00004630258],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9881425,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2061923,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2885116699","doi":"10.1007/s11669-018-0661-0","title":"Thermodynamic Assessment of Slag–Matte–Metal Equilibria in the Cu-Fe-O-S-Si System","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Phase Equilibria and Diffusion","topic":"Metallurgical Processes and Thermodynamics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":49,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Australian Research Council","keywords":"Slag (welding); Copper; Solubility; Thermodynamics; Pyrometallurgy; Electron microprobe; Ternary operation; Metallurgy; Materials science; Metal; Phase (matter); Chemistry; Smelting; Physical chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0111244243268383,"gpt":0.2771927759098065,"spread":0.2660683515829682,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008278991,0.0002123977,0.0004897689,0.0001754374,0.00005011445,0.00005504892,0.0003359289,0.0001028607,0.00005621048],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002678936,0.0001280132,0.0001557059,0.0002608631,0.0001035251,0.0002794758,0.00007453273,0.000272625,0.000002305148],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005722799,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004366594,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009842616,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008102857,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983059,0.0001195857,0.0007753099,0.0001351751,0.0004164029,0.0002476923],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991345,0.0001492526,0.0002889515,0.0002273601,0.00009740351,0.0001025795],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001056888,0.0002101186,0.0001051265,0.0002660631,0.00005981885,0.00004165136,0.0003019544,0.00003021255,0.9921542,0.003750353,0.00002736023,0.002947422],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002193889,0.0004805121,0.001691917,0.0002917818,0.00007730874,0.0002008912,0.0003131144,0.9933792,0.0001659174,0.0008265273,0.000234534,0.0001444236],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9821199,0.0005804627,0.0119113,0.00006193038,0.0005048977,0.0001575736,0.00000909813,0.00002426525,0.004630617],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999187,0.0001498785,0.0002971089,0.00002398229,0.0002913518,0.000002331866,0.000003528546,0.00002828042,0.0000165394],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.993349,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5220228,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2416196591","doi":"10.1007/s11669-016-0473-z","title":"Critical Systematic Evaluation and Thermodynamic Optimization of the Fe-RE System: RE = La, Ce, Pr, Nd and Sm","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Phase Equilibria and Diffusion","topic":"Rare-earth and actinide compounds","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Thermodynamics; Phase diagram; Enthalpy; Lanthanide; Materials science; Formalism (music); CALPHAD; Material properties; Enthalpy of mixing; Phase (matter); Chemistry; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01290834005711936,"gpt":0.2878682367077747,"spread":0.2749598966506553,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000592771,0.0001078629,0.0002758012,0.00005434348,0.00009773954,0.0000715002,0.00006885122,0.00004263539,0.00005221899],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001129063,0.00005490283,0.00006178226,0.00005779819,0.00008306974,0.0003184252,0.00005243978,0.00007410379,2.557249e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001337515,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005238187,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005230596,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.517455e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988417,0.0002741144,0.000414049,0.0001078686,0.0002610865,0.000101203],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988934,0.0003543113,0.0003662447,0.0001224308,0.0001735557,0.00009003835],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006234686,0.0007127977,0.01821629,0.005401882,0.0002378009,0.00001017237,0.001287836,0.00009409238,0.9346182,0.01641266,0.0003639701,0.02202082],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01941929,0.001124461,0.0127405,0.02542366,0.001607755,0.0002947739,0.004088951,0.9228128,0.003214952,0.008619032,0.00009237397,0.0005614324],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9924539,0.0005855762,0.005325046,0.0002944047,0.0001593445,0.0002377938,0.00001119521,0.000003773242,0.0009289832],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996169,0.00001727179,0.0001593226,0.000005995068,0.0001311201,0.000003157533,0.000001437221,0.000008818271,0.00005596418],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9314033,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2238872,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2152084186","doi":"10.1007/s11669-015-0376-4","title":"Critical Assessment and Thermodynamic Modeling of the Fe-O-S System","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Phase Equilibria and Diffusion","topic":"Metallurgical Processes and Thermodynamics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":42,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Liquidus; Thermodynamics; Solubility; Thermodynamic process; Oxide; Sulfide; Thermodynamic system; Materials science; Thermodynamic databases for pure substances; Phase (matter); Chemistry; Material properties; Physical chemistry; Metallurgy; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02188265371243019,"gpt":0.2912036428120894,"spread":0.2693209890996592,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003047543,0.00009796984,0.0002374328,0.00004139451,0.00003231961,0.00003238554,0.00009654223,0.00005394992,0.00000467733],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004007065,0.00005598968,0.00006006652,0.00006138067,0.00004302551,0.0001556592,0.00006294784,0.0001499359,1.616644e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003714778,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003377939,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002895768,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.190785e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992214,0.00003870892,0.000341503,0.00006352039,0.0002302548,0.0001046338],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995308,0.00005874744,0.00007605404,0.00009084272,0.0001018402,0.0001417097],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001972667,0.0002578985,0.0001308982,0.0008527653,0.00009788318,0.00003390971,0.0004389558,0.01100804,0.9538264,0.02794567,0.00001978876,0.005190574],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001169345,0.0001132606,0.00008133269,0.0001738738,0.0000565159,0.0001072624,0.0002245822,0.995786,0.00003539084,0.002171046,0.00001811815,0.0000632776],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9286645,0.0009829212,0.06872667,0.00005968036,0.0003069947,0.00004882191,0.000003007458,0.00001179194,0.001195591],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994099,0.00008724866,0.0004029079,0.00000667598,0.00007454057,4.778485e-7,3.655813e-7,0.00001284516,0.000005011169],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9847779,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2283193,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2919328441","doi":"10.1007/s11669-019-00716-0","title":"Integrated Experimental and Thermodynamic Modeling Study of the Effects of Al2O3, CaO, and MgO on Slag–Matte Equilibria in the Cu-Fe-O-S-Si-(Al, Ca, Mg) System","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Phase Equilibria and Diffusion","topic":"Metallurgical Processes and Thermodynamics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":42,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Australian Research Council; Aurubis","keywords":"Slag (welding); Fayalite; Thermodynamics; Impurity; Materials science; Phase (matter); Smelting; Copper; Metallurgy; Mineralogy; Chemistry; Olivine","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007311143064999051,"gpt":0.2392316789856322,"spread":0.2319205359206331,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003650828,0.0002182679,0.0004878493,0.0001015691,0.00004552977,0.0000392947,0.000202257,0.00007534301,0.000007152063],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002335885,0.0001147629,0.00007511052,0.0001397273,0.00004558823,0.0001672423,0.00009856846,0.0002705583,3.087143e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003479842,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001716183,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007880363,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001131383,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986471,0.0001577275,0.0005607571,0.000155034,0.0003144601,0.0001649312],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999272,0.0001898731,0.0002196019,0.0002085999,0.00004213772,0.00006781173],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003093602,0.0003933166,0.0002343672,0.0004025073,0.00005832555,0.00001452445,0.002058467,0.0001224563,0.9958262,0.0001980617,0.000003569563,0.0003788301],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004297903,0.0009495401,0.0005516023,0.0007433226,0.00005837631,0.00005775466,0.003015123,0.9897617,0.000339002,0.0001035226,0.000005444019,0.0001167501],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.996761,0.001913574,0.0003108889,0.00002069209,0.0002879587,0.0004983774,0.000005216761,0.000009504645,0.0001927908],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997735,0.0001292039,0.00001681949,0.00001839045,0.00002682566,0.000003438783,0.000001235943,0.00002453661,0.000006040809],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9954872,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4679895,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":[],"domain":null,"study_design":"simulation_or_modeling","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":[],"domain":null,"study_design":"bench_or_experimental","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W2110355033","doi":"10.1007/s11669-014-0301-2","title":"Thermodynamic and Experimental Study of the Mg-Sn-Ag-In Quaternary System","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Phase Equilibria and Diffusion","topic":"Thermodynamic and Structural Properties of Metals and Alloys","field":"Engineering","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Concordia University; McGill University; Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"General Motors of Canada; Concordia University; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; McGill University","keywords":"Isothermal process; Thermodynamics; Phase diagram; Ternary operation; Differential scanning calorimetry; Solid solution; Homogeneity (statistics); Materials science; Quenching (fluorescence); Phase (matter); Chemistry; Metallurgy; Physics; Fluorescence","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007124066748228122,"gpt":0.2215673369555503,"spread":0.2144432702073221,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001682361,0.0001053492,0.0002430143,0.00004710644,0.00003678615,0.00001840627,0.0001133583,0.00003333333,0.00000656475],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005630119,0.00005704601,0.00004694458,0.0000363131,0.00003211388,0.0001093908,0.0000606689,0.0001024992,1.445183e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001862718,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003902372,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000250858,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004024036,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993023,0.00006930983,0.0003243975,0.00006997025,0.0001404216,0.0000936536],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999722,0.00002346831,0.0001002673,0.00009422161,0.00001233398,0.00004769659],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001382455,0.0001546459,0.00114466,0.00005493297,0.00002395281,0.000006029235,0.0009588861,0.0001092754,0.9934102,0.00008329524,0.000004743845,0.003911126],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.007174977,0.001394745,0.01650608,0.0003052157,0.00004567339,0.0001217356,0.003933596,0.9653974,0.004806156,0.0001186378,0.00002865538,0.0001671348],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9983897,0.0008967759,0.00005206763,0.00001343068,0.0003169936,0.0001071226,0.000001423717,0.000009090208,0.0002134165],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9998559,0.00002686201,0.00001452863,0.000004486779,0.00007048426,7.344041e-7,1.869125e-7,0.00001091726,0.00001594919],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9886041,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2326269,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2607002460","doi":"10.1007/s11669-017-0546-7","title":"Critical Systematic Evaluation and Thermodynamic Optimization of the Fe-RE System: RE = Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Lu, and Y","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Phase Equilibria and Diffusion","topic":"Rare-earth and actinide compounds","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Korea Institute of Industrial Technology","keywords":"Thermodynamics; Phase diagram; CALPHAD; Thermodynamic databases for pure substances; Material properties; Enthalpy; Enthalpy of mixing; Lanthanide; Standard enthalpy change of formation; Thermodynamic process; Materials science; Thermodynamic state; Phase (matter); Chemistry; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01926025751142651,"gpt":0.3136016722677298,"spread":0.2943414147563033,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006375252,0.0001332254,0.0003604806,0.00005617311,0.0003463165,0.0002514136,0.0001454041,0.00004981811,0.0000406465],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001790187,0.00008285388,0.00008356108,0.00003481432,0.0001128916,0.0004848872,0.0001071656,0.000128161,2.729452e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001484163,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005831274,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000226497,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001747773,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987665,0.0001933927,0.0004680078,0.0001311012,0.0003173637,0.0001236646],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985437,0.0001706262,0.0006964866,0.0002591199,0.0002193587,0.0001107396],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001696846,0.001969777,0.0741694,0.02002111,0.0007197933,0.00004343201,0.00399074,0.0006628145,0.8404648,0.01337015,0.000810996,0.04208009],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005558128,0.0003462886,0.007598349,0.005677567,0.0006503637,0.00008868424,0.002453092,0.9750855,0.000631902,0.001700377,0.00001235222,0.000197399],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9950777,0.0006887251,0.00229194,0.0003094288,0.0003227707,0.0003043449,0.0000122981,0.000003753961,0.0009890436],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999526,0.00002316561,0.0001734407,0.000008129645,0.000214383,0.000003456824,0.000003424733,0.00001047727,0.00003756853],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9744227,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3378683,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4247340115","doi":"10.1007/s11669-007-9092-z","title":"The 450 °C Isothermal Section of the Zn-Fe-Ti System","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Phase Equilibria and Diffusion","topic":"Corrosion Behavior and Inhibition","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Teck (Canada)","funders":"Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Isothermal process; Scanning electron microscope; Section (typography); Ternary numeral system; Ternary operation; Materials science; Diffraction; Phase (matter); Ternary compound; Optical microscope; Crystallography; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Phase diagram; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Optics; Physics; Composite material; Inorganic chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01161163020901881,"gpt":0.2716647307493736,"spread":0.2600531005403548,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001234528,0.00008433759,0.0001499937,0.00005220445,0.0002609648,0.00005874024,0.0001504436,0.00005963607,0.00006240749],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000474059,0.00004107116,0.0001106229,0.0001091941,0.00009492986,0.0002161894,0.00007374987,0.000117259,0.000002257758],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004265044,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003525916,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001287728,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008684246,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998791,0.00009903026,0.0005078159,0.00008467991,0.0003684929,0.0001489652],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990354,0.0001092603,0.0005071434,0.0001483903,0.000126494,0.00007337641],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003932864,0.0001038284,0.0003946292,0.00001696693,8.183397e-7,0.000004444031,0.0001840355,9.501116e-7,0.9953719,0.00020948,0.0003555602,0.002964107],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00257191,0.0005720576,0.005709347,0.0003037576,0.0000662549,0.0004038818,0.0009296388,0.001104636,0.9858649,0.00009043658,0.002283499,0.00009962641],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9957136,0.0001625315,0.001523847,0.0001279189,0.002057305,0.0001045259,0.000005042974,0.000009531322,0.0002957112],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993594,0.0000265746,0.00003637172,0.0000232634,0.0004020927,5.395142e-7,3.494539e-7,0.00000718853,0.0001441732],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.009506939,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2007156,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2050330713","doi":"10.1007/s11669-009-9569-z","title":"Thermodynamic Database for the Al-Ca-Co-Cr-Fe-Mg-Mn-Ni-Si-O-P-S System and Applications in Ferrous Process Metallurgy","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Phase Equilibria and Diffusion","topic":"Metallurgical Processes and Thermodynamics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University; Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Periclase; Spinel; Materials science; Oxide; Slag (welding); Wüstite; Thermodynamics; Solid solution; Phase (matter); Liquidus; Metallurgy; Database; Chemistry; Alloy; Computer science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01222556075704381,"gpt":0.2854131351414937,"spread":0.27318757438445,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003900041,0.0002095808,0.0003689786,0.0001250456,0.000112374,0.00008099494,0.0002044158,0.00007488776,0.00001436806],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002816774,0.0001293391,0.00008486333,0.0001724745,0.00004250557,0.0003004785,0.00002490768,0.0002140068,9.306904e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000388775,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000263085,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004066313,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005865214,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988741,0.00002723553,0.0004991087,0.0001693312,0.0002028328,0.0002273394],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992663,0.0001753878,0.000169538,0.0001824494,0.00006431002,0.0001419599],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006974431,0.0006810862,0.00002646472,0.001039096,0.0001818835,0.00005343079,0.0005296537,0.001741117,0.9485884,0.009559369,0.0001142543,0.03678776],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002430073,0.0001897542,0.0002370681,0.0001282741,0.0001183622,0.0001543127,0.000297509,0.9929267,0.0001321703,0.00146868,0.00174509,0.0001720492],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8891534,0.002845113,0.1068883,0.0001487056,0.0001024233,0.0004087892,0.00003889448,0.00003198643,0.0003824091],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988351,0.0006947959,0.000181395,0.00005684327,0.0001374103,0.00001985641,0.00002664675,0.00002467717,0.00002325601],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9911855,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5274294,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2010954788","doi":"10.1007/s11669-009-9469-2","title":"Diffusion Mobilities in fcc Cu-Au and fcc Cu-Pt Alloys","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Phase Equilibria and Diffusion","topic":"High Temperature Alloys and Creep","field":"Engineering","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"American Water (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"CALPHAD; Diffusion; Thermodynamics; Materials science; Impurity; Work (physics); Phase diagram; Chemistry; Phase (matter)","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006720130023173438,"gpt":0.2383002447951337,"spread":0.2315801147719603,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002824302,0.0002382486,0.0004195556,0.0002388303,0.00007696664,0.00009471585,0.0001170363,0.0001544698,0.00006110257],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004118824,0.000185045,0.00008869951,0.0001484351,0.00004782801,0.0004347494,0.00004631654,0.0003414434,0.000001846855],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005736719,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003159342,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002561748,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003242335,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986872,0.00004692347,0.0005366126,0.0001659295,0.0002588939,0.0003044408],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993984,0.00007609824,0.0000960677,0.0001449328,0.00004526825,0.000239294],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002254811,0.0003098539,0.002781906,0.00006250163,0.00001851149,0.0001274782,0.001766945,0.00003905298,0.970777,0.0003261133,0.001089605,0.02247554],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.07423607,0.01388806,0.314987,0.004491528,0.0006125002,0.003167362,0.005700808,0.4502232,0.03008922,0.01637467,0.08188065,0.004348896],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9955093,0.002630527,0.0001406679,0.0003219268,0.0003457012,0.0001162599,0.000005555215,0.00003821309,0.0008917986],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976092,0.001456411,0.0002406181,0.0001048195,0.0004046401,0.000001249785,0.000004475305,0.00002114837,0.0001574599],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9406878,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7545916,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1963567588","doi":"10.1007/s11669-011-9883-0","title":"Interdiffusion of Copper and Iron in Liquid Aluminum","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Phase Equilibria and Diffusion","topic":"Thermodynamic and Structural Properties of Metals and Alloys","field":"Engineering","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Diffusion; Copper; Capillary action; TRACER; Aluminium; Materials science; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Metallurgy; Chromatography; Composite material","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01386490486684777,"gpt":0.2198683314246598,"spread":0.206003426557812,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001267723,0.0001005459,0.0002488574,0.00009756448,0.00001585526,0.00000758626,0.00006754274,0.00005629185,0.000069234],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001127782,0.00006801089,0.00004670703,0.00003803906,0.00005307111,0.0001833165,0.00005442545,0.0001136947,3.162484e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000009222354,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005614348,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001306334,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003253065,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993697,0.00002023404,0.0003495954,0.00006346004,0.00009123256,0.00010581],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997464,0.00001486624,0.00008340514,0.00005817744,0.00002090303,0.00007629206],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000549868,0.00006117044,0.0002723899,0.00006573668,0.00001067255,0.00001487454,0.001034152,0.000003504786,0.97518,0.00007680665,0.00003752109,0.02269336],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.05745402,0.02226448,0.08924647,0.00461943,0.0005272164,0.001880774,0.006658718,0.4456401,0.357094,0.008365231,0.003687925,0.002561618],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9971926,0.001708672,0.0001085443,0.00001834755,0.0002098954,0.00004480338,0.000002235896,0.000006994084,0.0007079587],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988415,0.00081972,0.0002489205,0.00001022175,0.00004402104,2.623621e-7,6.046371e-7,0.00001007053,0.00002470456],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.618086,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2773404,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2886151800","doi":"10.1007/s11669-018-0666-8","title":"Critical Evaluation and Optimization of the Fe-N, Mn-N and Fe-Mn-N Systems","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Phase Equilibria and Diffusion","topic":"Metallurgical and Alloy Processes","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea; National Research Foundation of Korea; Rio Tinto; Doosan Heavy Industries and Construction; National Research Foundation; JFE Steel Corporation; Tata Steel","keywords":"Thermodynamics; Gibbs free energy; Ternary operation; Formalism (music); Phase diagram; Binary number; Materials science; Ternary numeral system; Phase (matter); Chemistry; Physics; Computer science; Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03216809024913586,"gpt":0.3306291304442909,"spread":0.2984610401951551,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009249959,0.00008467887,0.0002061046,0.00004462908,0.0001272206,0.0001221999,0.00008392958,0.00005373952,0.0001560205],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006305169,0.00004744757,0.00002797281,0.00008236495,0.0002556631,0.000374683,0.00009491664,0.00005646581,8.071656e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000007592611,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004644757,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004672305,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.006814e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988508,0.0001613535,0.0003747294,0.0001239025,0.0003848346,0.0001043848],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990314,0.0001472599,0.0002515302,0.00007940316,0.0003828529,0.0001075762],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001644433,0.0001119426,0.00007172014,0.000101193,0.000004568029,0.000001649342,0.0001511789,0.00002918182,0.9975543,0.0005206547,0.000115497,0.001173667],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.008477922,0.002527865,0.00164647,0.001159554,0.000503393,0.0006906189,0.0005271699,0.7995495,0.1781636,0.00448204,0.00192171,0.0003502144],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9945554,0.001331488,0.003020362,0.0003788547,0.0004873091,0.0001102211,0.000007527399,0.000004216529,0.000104605],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987348,0.0001586247,0.0007456863,0.00003615562,0.0002712539,0.000001190232,0.000001010008,0.000005138928,0.00004608895],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8193907,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1934856,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2071080745","doi":"10.1007/s11669-006-0004-4","title":"Interdiffusion in liquid tin","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Phase Equilibria and Diffusion","topic":"Thermodynamic and Structural Properties of Metals and Alloys","field":"Engineering","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"Canadian Space Agency","keywords":"Tin; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Capillary action; RADIUS; Atomic radius; Materials science; Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Metallurgy; Composite material; Chromatography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.004756647509888743,"gpt":0.2102087916619754,"spread":0.2054521441520867,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000118701,0.0001034672,0.0002066348,0.0001055535,0.00002314205,0.00002441649,0.00007713658,0.00005185659,0.00006786049],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000007926436,0.00007075792,0.00006231379,0.00005681961,0.00002365227,0.0001795862,0.00003475908,0.0001375426,0.00000146999],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002065411,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005981847,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001472086,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006843442,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993189,0.0000186314,0.0003595263,0.00006100101,0.0001108253,0.0001311018],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997946,0.00001762559,0.00006229146,0.00005398278,0.00001806101,0.00005344608],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002562873,0.00005569114,0.0001105499,0.00002239407,0.000005331808,0.00003183571,0.00007096148,0.0001052161,0.9796701,0.0001541595,0.0002272319,0.01929026],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.03191146,0.004272715,0.01908837,0.001379968,0.000130457,0.0009984449,0.0006509487,0.8404553,0.06593927,0.01178609,0.02197846,0.001408532],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9964663,0.001375222,0.0005335538,0.00007185134,0.0003263491,0.00003927631,0.000001697531,0.00001726163,0.001168515],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993078,0.000211282,0.0001687784,0.00001461199,0.000204286,3.156711e-7,0.000001844769,0.00001156594,0.0000794808],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9137308,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2885424,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2051333152","doi":"10.1007/s11669-007-9093-y","title":"The Grain-Boundary Diffusion of Zn in α-Fe","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Phase Equilibria and Diffusion","topic":"Aluminum Alloy Microstructure Properties","field":"Engineering","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University; University of Manitoba","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Grain boundary diffusion coefficient; Effective diffusion coefficient; Lattice diffusion coefficient; Diffusion; Grain boundary; Materials science; Intermetallic; Crystallite; Thermodynamics; Metal; Metallurgy; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Condensed matter physics; Chemistry; Microstructure; Alloy; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007645925489904674,"gpt":0.2434209015355531,"spread":0.2357749760456484,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006524482,0.0001388239,0.0002524538,0.0001635441,0.00007600278,0.00004064633,0.0001647925,0.00008206695,0.00001683498],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008257214,0.00008511099,0.00007828953,0.0001431599,0.0001346223,0.0001853798,0.0000732868,0.000251515,7.435455e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004882317,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002961046,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009178072,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002884465,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987886,0.00003022918,0.0006327045,0.00007660714,0.0002432356,0.0002286498],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994061,0.000143582,0.0001663932,0.0001258168,0.00006370937,0.00009441809],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003555477,0.00005869454,0.001211129,0.00004016565,0.00001611114,0.00003288364,0.0009426218,0.000009317168,0.967648,0.00006106019,0.0002631578,0.02936129],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.035608,0.003396946,0.1063696,0.001935473,0.0002656311,0.002067654,0.005401014,0.07338528,0.656866,0.009755949,0.1033701,0.001578398],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9933961,0.004850937,0.0006127433,0.00007731526,0.0006687645,0.00008624448,0.000002301348,0.00001393454,0.0002916401],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987619,0.0006842805,0.0002843547,0.00001863529,0.0001683654,3.389162e-7,9.515414e-7,0.00002033438,0.00006084376],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.310782,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3470725,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1989342446","doi":"10.1007/s11669-006-0007-1","title":"Thermodynamic reassessment of the Cr−O system in the framework of solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) research","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Phase Equilibria and Diffusion","topic":"Metallurgical Processes and Thermodynamics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Solid oxide fuel cell; Oxide; Fuel cells; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Solid solution; Chemical engineering; Physical chemistry; Metallurgy; Chemistry; Physics; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01507863116223929,"gpt":0.2977382898132975,"spread":0.2826596586510582,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001172756,0.0001206284,0.0003161195,0.0001204483,0.00004346875,0.00002310501,0.0003651651,0.000101521,0.00001426496],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003913857,0.00006120861,0.0001245611,0.0003245538,0.00008539751,0.00009387281,0.00007672533,0.0004496595,4.316329e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005005052,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000398083,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004136979,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009408715,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983344,0.0001866992,0.0006402809,0.00008692226,0.0005554723,0.0001962135],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990056,0.0003574582,0.0002431289,0.0002372256,0.0001123289,0.00004427493],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000197701,0.0006295721,0.0002247996,0.001304951,0.00003022697,0.00003130097,0.0004614712,0.002362619,0.9822682,0.01144125,0.0000512326,0.0009966702],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002753245,0.0003864194,0.01314409,0.001295496,0.00008313271,0.00009426271,0.001364572,0.9546915,0.002827457,0.02290186,0.0002784727,0.0001795359],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9903872,0.001695742,0.004347669,0.00005836027,0.0001446122,0.0001577405,0.000008591634,0.00000628612,0.003193787],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994063,0.0002797065,0.0001792903,0.000005684029,0.00008899159,0.000001933166,9.085022e-7,0.00001659977,0.0000205199],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9794407,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2496015,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2054913063","doi":"10.1007/s11669-005-0057-9","title":"Study of the zinc-rich corner of the Zn-Fe-Cr system at galvanizing temperatures","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Phase Equilibria and Diffusion","topic":"Material Properties and Applications","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Teck (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Galvanization; Phase diagram; Intermetallic; Solubility; Zinc; Phase (matter); Materials science; Ternary numeral system; Ternary operation; Thermodynamics; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Metallurgy; Chemistry; Physical chemistry; Chromatography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01913122707416974,"gpt":0.2658831349540587,"spread":0.246751907879889,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003799133,0.0001004176,0.0002501954,0.00002860492,0.0002208692,0.00004895492,0.0003318854,0.00003625722,0.0001009498],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004054147,0.00004415257,0.00007259027,0.0001099014,0.00009677585,0.0001272699,0.0003107107,0.00007793753,0.000002093942],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003379628,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003496042,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002868146,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001213073,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987401,0.0001451137,0.0005558265,0.0001095343,0.0003347179,0.0001146564],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989164,0.00003978449,0.0006027961,0.0002720874,0.0001191046,0.00004981655],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001644707,0.000377951,0.0007093278,0.00004852989,0.000008029926,0.000001102379,0.0008335767,0.00001446202,0.9969648,0.0002134682,0.000562488,0.0001018383],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003485086,0.0005590184,0.005641024,0.0003689844,0.0001401703,0.0001617455,0.002243861,0.0009936033,0.9842882,0.00004455463,0.001942709,0.0001310263],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9985293,0.00022316,0.000004943867,0.0003419637,0.0004472913,0.0002656651,0.00001183452,0.000005571229,0.00017031],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994406,0.00001306786,0.00004939225,0.00003619642,0.000232549,0.000002521849,2.268213e-7,0.000008446754,0.0002170282],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01267654,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.180049,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2037511944","doi":"10.1361/105497100770340183","title":"Measurements of liquidus temperatures in the Cu-Nb and Cu-Cr systems","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Phase Equilibria and Diffusion","topic":"Electronic Packaging and Soldering Technologies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Liquidus; Phase diagram; Spinodal decomposition; Metastability; Thermodynamics; Materials science; Metallurgy; Solidus; Miscibility; Solvus; Phase (matter); Chemistry; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Microstructure; Superalloy","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01885412767160808,"gpt":0.2584551170093893,"spread":0.2396009893377812,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003734258,0.00009669606,0.0002053695,0.0001074622,0.00003214988,0.00003988291,0.0001204919,0.00006209082,0.000005271511],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003072889,0.00006183572,0.00003073881,0.0001001488,0.00003775653,0.0001098912,0.00001474745,0.0002163915,2.400939e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001819131,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001343922,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001510829,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002790564,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992862,0.00004190897,0.0002834313,0.00006307248,0.0001818454,0.000143574],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997498,0.00004179457,0.00004982659,0.0001063128,0.00002042903,0.00003184499],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001017865,0.0001168634,0.002613454,0.0001147834,0.00003851011,0.00002874496,0.000793044,0.0002758426,0.9868038,0.00006421627,0.000614725,0.008434254],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.06075238,0.01256484,0.03545224,0.01101028,0.0008720876,0.006977315,0.007589431,0.6030595,0.2396387,0.005010524,0.0139356,0.003137057],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9894849,0.00990703,0.00002477128,0.00009601763,0.00009749267,0.00006466362,0.000001206148,0.00002850249,0.000295422],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984547,0.001390828,0.00006141374,0.000008859769,0.00005041703,0.000001236523,4.460302e-7,0.00000801413,0.00002403596],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7471651,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2521588,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2004868746","doi":"10.1361/154770306x109755","title":"Thermodynamic evaluation and optimization of the Ca−Si system","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Phase Equilibria and Diffusion","topic":"Metallurgical Processes and Thermodynamics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Liquidus; Thermodynamics; Phase diagram; Stoichiometry; Thermodynamic process; Vapor pressure; Thermodynamic databases for pure substances; Phase (matter); Materials science; Material properties; Chemistry; Physical chemistry; Organic chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007072379845476251,"gpt":0.2307436069943121,"spread":0.2236712271488358,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002821675,0.00007914508,0.0001577722,0.00004766909,0.00003621683,0.00002110122,0.00005903934,0.00004808242,0.00002420639],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000165502,0.00004708583,0.00004684027,0.00008380342,0.00002716617,0.0001233673,0.00002230672,0.00006914341,1.439179e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002864495,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001482971,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006309248,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001872647,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999314,0.00004063528,0.0003078993,0.00005246709,0.0002173481,0.00006769678],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996107,0.00003183608,0.0001636285,0.00006982607,0.00009092087,0.00003313278],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009242716,0.0001089958,0.0001038263,0.0003307777,0.00003798486,0.000003293927,0.00009091819,0.1779517,0.8131208,0.002285541,0.00002135637,0.005852415],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001324513,0.00005677819,0.0007016505,0.0001076217,0.00008231537,0.0000508227,0.00003582341,0.9968582,0.0001967453,0.0005095793,0.00002529886,0.00005068595],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9544593,0.001104476,0.04303671,0.00002029657,0.00019018,0.00009794953,0.000003267572,0.000008788559,0.001079008],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995315,0.0001000944,0.0002641129,0.000002732257,0.00007549789,6.913954e-7,0.00000266943,0.00001023204,0.00001246969],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8189065,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1920104,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1995420745","doi":"10.1007/s11669-008-9355-3","title":"Study of Diffusion and Marker Movement in fcc Ag-Au Alloys","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Phase Equilibria and Diffusion","topic":"High Temperature Alloys and Creep","field":"Engineering","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"American Water (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"CALPHAD; Diffusion; Thermodynamics; Materials science; Impurity; TRACER; Chemistry; Phase diagram; Physics; Phase (matter)","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01138350419483248,"gpt":0.2407820264334062,"spread":0.2293985222385737,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002240439,0.0001525375,0.0003500969,0.0001912136,0.00005080273,0.00001576566,0.00007824761,0.00007076463,0.00003541518],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001828093,0.0001161699,0.00004804868,0.0001247086,0.00003287235,0.0001888614,0.0000673398,0.0001855391,3.795419e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003162565,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001988507,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003874829,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004540192,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998893,0.00004586927,0.00051544,0.0001111589,0.0002679016,0.000166595],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995579,0.00004721223,0.0001095962,0.0001105338,0.00003970025,0.0001350652],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002997804,0.001306006,0.05217046,0.00005249223,0.00004914779,0.0002999369,0.00425084,0.00004922401,0.9378312,0.00002728483,0.0004034895,0.003260153],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.05163254,0.007833114,0.8775222,0.0007967915,0.0002216836,0.0006658867,0.005033256,0.04155555,0.01040803,0.0003562142,0.003053174,0.0009216155],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.99843,0.0008004373,0.00004666415,0.00003746297,0.0001998098,0.0001525899,0.00000240669,0.0000105207,0.0003201349],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988355,0.0008479473,0.0001014161,0.00002524855,0.0001102475,0.000001570838,0.000001211019,0.00001681725,0.00006002322],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9274232,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4737272,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3147906020","doi":"10.1361/105497102770331370","title":"The zinc-rich corner of the Zn-Fe-Ni-Si quaternary system at 450 °C","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Phase Equilibria and Diffusion","topic":"Semiconductor materials and interfaces","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Teck (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Scanning electron microscope; Phase diagram; Isothermal process; Zinc; Optical microscope; Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy; Phase (matter); Analytical Chemistry (journal); Ternary operation; Solubility; Materials science; Crystallography; Spectroscopy; Ternary numeral system; Thermodynamic equilibrium; Chemistry; Metallurgy; Thermodynamics; Physical chemistry; Chromatography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01775285116465571,"gpt":0.2490891675901092,"spread":0.2313363164254535,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002202402,0.0001335831,0.0002570367,0.00002756499,0.0001947864,0.00007828731,0.0002573393,0.00003520782,0.0004572723],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009312901,0.00006252321,0.0001285203,0.00005826623,0.00008816865,0.0001623587,0.0001683349,0.0001068326,0.000008523874],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000239299,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000138678,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004036562,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.375574e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988981,0.0001058673,0.0005075569,0.0001014657,0.0002247643,0.000162195],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989746,0.00008452201,0.0005907284,0.0001966534,0.00008076021,0.00007270164],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001274167,0.000140988,0.006245799,0.00002161768,0.00005265193,0.000002615317,0.0003192846,8.34828e-7,0.9859496,0.0007028756,0.004989022,0.001447241],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0140112,0.001835743,0.006396643,0.001536075,0.0005348992,0.0003338784,0.004278949,0.0266919,0.8975616,0.001603617,0.0444651,0.0007504527],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9957894,0.0008771322,0.00001300572,0.0002225772,0.001364111,0.00009414298,0.00001832719,0.000004498522,0.0016168],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980322,0.00005569664,0.000009703926,0.00002103886,0.0006224501,0.000001273599,9.917762e-7,0.00001214087,0.001244578],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08838812,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5006811,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2055822995","doi":"10.1007/s11669-014-0345-3","title":"Critical Systematic Evaluation and Thermodynamic Optimization of the Mn-RE System (RE = Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm and Lu) with Key Experiments for the Mn-Dy System","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Phase Equilibria and Diffusion","topic":"Metallurgical Processes and Thermodynamics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Thermodynamics; Phase diagram; Thermodynamic databases for pure substances; CALPHAD; Enthalpy; Lanthanide; Material properties; Thermodynamic state; Thermodynamic process; Phase (matter); Materials science; Chemistry; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01498059556644426,"gpt":0.2720526184799409,"spread":0.2570720229134966,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009198275,0.0001809351,0.0004287412,0.00005524541,0.0001445436,0.00009525408,0.0001311466,0.00008523394,0.000006542057],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001412598,0.00008766911,0.00006968084,0.00008736552,0.00007032438,0.0002089125,0.00004653033,0.0001063303,1.194279e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005454744,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002134173,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002758458,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000180319,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986175,0.0001757198,0.0005359058,0.0001300375,0.0003964736,0.0001443172],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988163,0.0004073885,0.0002849712,0.0001800721,0.0002162932,0.00009502113],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002820888,0.0009110811,0.0001445325,0.1643627,0.001593762,0.00002441962,0.006352684,0.1412984,0.6394255,0.03616918,0.00008779889,0.006809126],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002591888,0.0002755919,0.00004441383,0.003726568,0.0005147692,0.0001276847,0.001825434,0.9905245,0.0001695039,0.0000890526,0.000004778074,0.0001058322],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8223865,0.002877904,0.1736283,0.00005465308,0.0002496314,0.0006272091,0.00001051761,0.0000170531,0.0001482044],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993984,0.00007923748,0.0003636835,0.000007806333,0.00008842946,0.00002289102,0.000003446517,0.00002793669,0.000008214128],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8492261,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3575042,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2041154001","doi":"10.1361/105497103772084561","title":"A study of the Zn-Rich corner of the Zn-Fe-Sn system","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Phase Equilibria and Diffusion","topic":"Electronic Packaging and Soldering Technologies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Teck (Canada)","funders":"National Science Foundation","keywords":"Eutectic system; Quenching (fluorescence); Crystallite; Isothermal process; Phase (matter); Solubility; Ternary numeral system; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Zinc; Phase diagram; Ternary operation; Metal; Materials science; Solid solution; Crystallography; Chemistry; Metallurgy; Thermodynamics; Microstructure; Physical chemistry; Chromatography; Fluorescence","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01404751273251882,"gpt":0.2410901093873244,"spread":0.2270425966548056,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003027901,0.0001092825,0.0002650543,0.00007006066,0.00006131082,0.00001300503,0.0002488418,0.00006155796,0.000002696071],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001000207,0.00005684741,0.0000864915,0.0002144578,0.00005074062,0.00005987214,0.00007089262,0.0002416299,1.719301e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004041544,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003445137,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005059752,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003432203,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990867,0.00007911096,0.0003826822,0.00006937156,0.0002339117,0.0001482244],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993635,0.00006167095,0.000219109,0.000276475,0.00004952106,0.000029664],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004384759,0.0004644153,0.008073337,0.0001680257,0.0001243618,0.00001038896,0.001467482,0.0004215194,0.9862122,0.001115828,0.0005265902,0.001371992],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.03836223,0.006867836,0.03597097,0.004734699,0.001529245,0.002002803,0.03575571,0.09929401,0.7678207,0.00336728,0.00298071,0.001313839],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9978684,0.0009632984,0.0001483794,0.00003860376,0.0003918018,0.0001301288,0.000001580184,0.00003653589,0.0004212447],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999813,0.00005338907,0.00004304927,0.00000332355,0.00002545623,0.000001253076,5.432348e-8,0.0000119705,0.00004856329],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2183916,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.231817,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2104585222","doi":"10.1361/105497101770333009","title":"Homogenization of multicomponent alloys via partial melting","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Phase Equilibria and Diffusion","topic":"Metallurgical Processes and Thermodynamics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Homogenization (climate); CALPHAD; Isothermal process; Thermodynamics; Materials science; Liquid phase; Phase diagram; Homogeneity (statistics); Chemistry; Phase (matter); Mathematics; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01105988114910153,"gpt":0.2448422153399835,"spread":0.233782334190882,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001619762,0.00009275601,0.0002198686,0.00007196757,0.00002675288,0.00001536346,0.00006669161,0.00004906704,0.00008452981],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002756009,0.00007020947,0.00007102121,0.00009187971,0.00002012381,0.0001614937,0.00002603491,0.00008826009,9.87947e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001245639,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006869783,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002782494,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.590733e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992273,0.00001976244,0.0004181186,0.00005786958,0.0001658905,0.0001110091],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995857,0.00004029184,0.0001515984,0.00006010814,0.000061825,0.0001004868],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000120322,0.0001620742,0.0001246406,0.00005482839,0.00003200881,0.00002355026,0.0001100685,0.002184967,0.9793078,0.0001278798,0.000005532307,0.01774634],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001966476,0.0001445755,0.0002178054,0.00005467157,0.00004671492,0.00008600851,0.00002020426,0.992274,0.003921389,0.0003360635,0.0008507585,0.00008127626],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8625974,0.0004747427,0.1364257,0.00002227145,0.0001976112,0.00003907097,0.000001186579,0.00001345805,0.0002285563],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998665,0.0004830341,0.0006636175,0.000006760443,0.0001544425,3.138774e-7,0.000003006114,0.00001369724,0.00001014214],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9900891,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2863059,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3082630036","doi":"10.1007/s11669-020-00833-1","title":"Metastable Dendrite Morphologies in Aluminum Alloys","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Phase Equilibria and Diffusion","topic":"Solidification and crystal growth phenomena","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Dendrite (mathematics); Metastability; Alloy; Microstructure; Electron backscatter diffraction; Aluminium; Anisotropy; Metallurgy; Chemistry; Geometry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03638541649572888,"gpt":0.2874358669780338,"spread":0.2510504504823049,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003401186,0.00009831855,0.000257987,0.00007981668,0.00003947287,0.00007205347,0.0001681139,0.00003867085,0.0004597647],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001542668,0.00007498681,0.00005027892,0.0001514707,0.00005672755,0.0003887225,0.00009755233,0.0001066897,0.00001818588],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001611126,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003804212,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000564402,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.434936e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989588,0.0000844683,0.0004321404,0.000142033,0.0002136292,0.0001689409],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993878,0.00006222563,0.000236058,0.00008153481,0.00005152025,0.000180847],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002601547,0.000143993,0.0004863975,0.00001892541,0.00000358483,0.00004107421,0.0007416656,0.000004771729,0.9963382,0.0002414367,0.0009821029,0.0007377],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.03707434,0.005173679,0.01029774,0.0003549759,0.0002431575,0.0007168673,0.009076456,0.02701193,0.8300319,0.006849081,0.07189632,0.001273576],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.996558,0.0006081304,0.0005879807,0.001486182,0.0002457684,0.00007007613,0.000006598028,0.00001565518,0.0004216295],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981725,0.0001185865,0.0009866332,0.0004679358,0.0001821707,0.000001312398,0.000001598273,0.000007871176,0.00006141096],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1663063,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5034102,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2007275224","doi":"10.1007/s11669-010-9681-0","title":"Interdiffusion of Bi in Liquid Sn","year":2010,"lang":"fr","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Phase Equilibria and Diffusion","topic":"Thermodynamic and Structural Properties of Metals and Alloys","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Capillary action; Diffusion; Convection; Penetration (warfare); Analytical Chemistry (journal); Marangoni effect; Atmospheric temperature range; Chemistry; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Chromatography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007632214804345509,"gpt":0.2442312429738424,"spread":0.2365990281694969,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003728695,0.0002118177,0.0005294106,0.000211963,0.0000344948,0.00003091085,0.0001893088,0.0002129789,0.0005625819],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007404238,0.0001578685,0.0001829777,0.0001182441,0.000142804,0.0003857718,0.0001249989,0.0006211178,0.000002487706],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002433701,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003901987,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008423495,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003429319,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985288,0.00005586156,0.0008309723,0.0001219073,0.0002151479,0.0002473088],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992506,0.00006734963,0.000284521,0.0001396282,0.00007500238,0.0001829179],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007543813,0.0002346443,0.0001257301,0.0001952288,0.00003150138,0.00005120278,0.0006333256,0.00002671374,0.8873639,0.00104799,0.000101965,0.1094335],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0428687,0.01367465,0.01272033,0.006986039,0.0006386847,0.00258116,0.001976293,0.6376289,0.2200374,0.01494758,0.04393985,0.002000326],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9875353,0.007054465,0.0003918195,0.0007052185,0.003561333,0.00008606393,0.00001343749,0.000007323532,0.0006450147],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9961894,0.001997254,0.0009650827,0.00001938691,0.0004774736,3.375658e-7,0.000001930921,0.00002350929,0.0003256105],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6673264,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6437689,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2015221398","doi":"10.1007/bf02736444","title":"Practical applications of phase diagrams in continuous galvanizing","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Phase Equilibria and Diffusion","topic":"Electronic Packaging and Soldering Technologies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Teck (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Galvanization; Phase diagram; Metallurgy; Phase (matter); Dissolution; Materials science; Alloy; Substrate (aquarium); Aluminium; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Layer (electronics); Physical chemistry; Geology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01278229845106731,"gpt":0.2927658873262575,"spread":0.2799835888751901,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001945473,0.00009130174,0.0002390552,0.0001704439,0.00002217474,0.00001967747,0.00007573514,0.00007251688,0.000004773394],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005684318,0.00007925108,0.0000471528,0.0001615507,0.00004659744,0.0001438321,0.00002596785,0.0002310317,5.027944e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000323351,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002273529,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009427856,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000524637,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992388,0.00001645066,0.0003879757,0.00007100964,0.0001179604,0.0001677832],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996018,0.00009913719,0.0001246346,0.0001021431,0.00003328958,0.00003902994],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004900457,0.0005882776,0.0009441131,0.00004839651,0.0000151164,0.0000347888,0.00006683604,0.00005741351,0.9695788,0.001551329,0.0006864502,0.02637946],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0554233,0.004661032,0.003538653,0.001441708,0.0004275943,0.00183066,0.001760514,0.4216824,0.4443287,0.04016759,0.02319505,0.001542909],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.96396,0.001196852,0.03421982,0.0001513705,0.00005602735,0.00007794063,0.000002141302,0.0000620455,0.0002738157],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973651,0.0002876989,0.002233213,0.000003697489,0.00008006419,0.000003269772,0.000002009559,0.00001159177,0.00001333602],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5252501,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3231765,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2003972781","doi":"10.1007/s11669-008-9416-7","title":"Experimental Determination and Atomistic Simulation on the Structure of FeZn13","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Phase Equilibria and Diffusion","topic":"Rare-earth and actinide compounds","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Teck (Canada)","funders":"Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Tsinghua University; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Materials science; Thermodynamics; Statistical physics; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01804787914450092,"gpt":0.2917052852118674,"spread":0.2736574060673665,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00004811504,0.00007476741,0.0001273757,0.00004452256,0.000101147,0.00001947777,0.0000418356,0.00001991658,0.0001267864],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001468493,0.00004675896,0.00004278649,0.00003695844,0.00004832441,0.0001420793,0.00002102152,0.00008145986,2.541597e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000004839254,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001844166,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003201359,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.872439e-8,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994997,0.0000330492,0.0002071954,0.00006234083,0.0001334706,0.00006427155],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994544,0.0001553608,0.0002343313,0.0000596806,0.00004202034,0.00005424663],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002563169,0.0001763534,0.005916691,0.00000547846,0.0000124831,0.000003444681,0.0005188632,0.00004666383,0.9844649,0.0004418025,0.00006303312,0.008093959],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01440892,0.00307153,0.03587876,0.0002802948,0.0001178361,0.0001662594,0.001377172,0.3464483,0.5896941,0.006770298,0.001349611,0.0004368914],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9989904,0.00007429259,0.0005405358,0.00004706319,0.0000839489,0.00006450684,0.000007014928,0.000001690597,0.0001905371],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996731,0.000003395126,0.00006988565,0.00001721488,0.0002042546,1.824751e-7,0.000003110938,0.000004625666,0.00002424524],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3947708,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1906775,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4210886122","doi":"10.1007/s11669-004-0063-3","title":"Phase relations in the Nb-Pd-Hf-Al system","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Phase Equilibria and Diffusion","topic":"Intermetallics and Advanced Alloy Properties","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Science North","funders":"Air Force Office of Scientific Research","keywords":"Superalloy; Materials science; Alloy; Phase (matter); Aluminide; Phase diagram; Scanning electron microscope; Intermetallic; Thermodynamics; CALPHAD; Precipitation; Metallurgy; Crystallography; Chemistry; Composite material; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01203646799409279,"gpt":0.2606179508853232,"spread":0.2485814828912304,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002153359,0.00009900418,0.000163679,0.0001092946,0.00005821234,0.00005342434,0.0001085825,0.00003654426,0.00001185345],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002289074,0.00006004058,0.00006864025,0.00009908604,0.00002589034,0.0002851618,0.00001862343,0.000206067,0.000003966234],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005413095,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001788525,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002949434,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002452329,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992742,0.00002401574,0.0003528939,0.00006028028,0.0001574955,0.0001311109],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997181,0.00003430697,0.00007503905,0.00008571726,0.00003196144,0.00005491298],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001362682,0.0004217052,0.00001669342,0.00004860615,0.00002332285,0.000140043,0.0009024651,0.001895781,0.987485,0.004284176,0.0002426146,0.004403309],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.127314,0.007645999,0.0009748173,0.004806319,0.0004257595,0.004609738,0.01045002,0.679713,0.04771846,0.01253793,0.102146,0.001657984],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9955608,0.0006594421,0.001985623,0.0003184142,0.0003286822,0.00008075927,0.000003835794,0.00001947611,0.001043015],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993055,0.0001224884,0.0003250352,0.00006069696,0.0001390381,0.00000177526,0.000001624645,0.00001209787,0.0000316833],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9397665,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2448384,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2044444615","doi":"10.1007/s11669-013-0259-5","title":"EMF Measurements of the Na-Si System","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Phase Equilibria and Diffusion","topic":"Thermodynamic and Structural Properties of Metals and Alloys","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"McMaster University","keywords":"Electromotive force; Eutectic system; Galvanic cell; EMF measurement; Coulometry; Solubility; Materials science; Electrolyte; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Differential thermal analysis; Phase (matter); Ceramic; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Metallurgy; Electrode; Electrochemistry; Chromatography; Physical chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01453802641308023,"gpt":0.2094351894447548,"spread":0.1948971630316746,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001140554,0.00008441225,0.0001912787,0.00002900717,0.00003988664,0.0000230958,0.0001288419,0.00003618784,0.00004617736],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001275472,0.00004239432,0.00009245307,0.00003977683,0.00002910454,0.0001634093,0.00003500081,0.00008752109,0.000001621408],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001715805,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008400991,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001128882,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.012078e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993299,0.0000266776,0.0003066711,0.00004151957,0.000200902,0.00009434502],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996623,0.00001133856,0.0001158866,0.00008638746,0.00006172288,0.00006236528],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002156847,0.00001691827,0.0001991785,0.00007929133,0.0000343044,6.682787e-7,0.00008269509,0.00004742714,0.9866259,0.00003990287,0.0001907457,0.01266143],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01619357,0.001271179,0.03737337,0.002563879,0.0004428527,0.0006191173,0.001776539,0.7570472,0.1786579,0.001185138,0.00198777,0.0008814139],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9970825,0.0008980192,0.0001682467,0.00003842171,0.0005555305,0.00007807852,0.000001561359,0.00001054979,0.00116709],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997148,0.00003031156,0.00009042502,0.00001054916,0.0000809778,5.43544e-7,2.034431e-7,0.000008550147,0.00006362006],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8079679,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.172879,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391616356","doi":"10.1007/s11669-024-01081-3","title":"Thermodynamic Aspects of Powder-Pack Boronizing","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Phase Equilibria and Diffusion","topic":"Advanced materials and composites","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Boron; Alloy; Materials science; Activator (genetics); Thermodynamics; Metallurgy; Chemistry; Physics; Organic chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007405861800040027,"gpt":0.2498132970531328,"spread":0.2424074352530928,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007713145,0.00008850978,0.0001853407,0.00008444065,0.00001671918,0.00004157364,0.00005646502,0.00003391229,0.00005896686],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000006988861,0.0000664994,0.00005781963,0.00006340254,0.00001783527,0.0002187731,0.00002542208,0.00007958602,0.000001497513],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001786465,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001477557,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001142696,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.454931e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994721,0.00001045364,0.0002596824,0.00005745957,0.0001019934,0.000098294],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999772,0.00004213238,0.00005016223,0.0000582565,0.00002205559,0.00005544747],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003721828,0.00003238823,0.000007516361,0.0001477096,0.00002706934,0.00004567833,0.0001372222,0.0000650708,0.9875975,0.001517902,0.00005970363,0.01032508],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003405923,0.001100727,0.0006187183,0.001777265,0.0001854212,0.0006125621,0.0001736258,0.4553701,0.5045415,0.02740779,0.004378872,0.0004275357],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9881661,0.006582801,0.003290713,0.00003458087,0.000596422,0.00003332169,0.000005491963,0.00003668987,0.001253859],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988126,0.0005990089,0.0003621358,0.000005169131,0.0001846899,2.870464e-7,0.000001190527,0.000018404,0.00001653865],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.483056,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2711767,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2027749965","doi":"10.1007/s11669-010-9805-6","title":"An Experimental Study of the Liquid Domain of the Zn-Fe-Al-Mn Quaternary System at 460 °C","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Phase Equilibria and Diffusion","topic":"Electronic Packaging and Soldering Technologies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Teck (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Liquidus; Intermetallic; Scanning electron microscope; Ternary operation; Materials science; Galvanization; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Ternary numeral system; Phase (matter); Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy; Manganese; Metallurgy; Crystallography; Chemistry; Layer (electronics); Nanotechnology; Composite material; Chromatography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008703900755857297,"gpt":0.2593683465755455,"spread":0.2506644458196882,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002689235,0.0001203181,0.0002381521,0.00006172156,0.00008707396,0.00001394915,0.0003751871,0.00006876352,0.000004788021],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000161288,0.00006607709,0.00008842358,0.00009227698,0.00008136575,0.0001014489,0.0001659522,0.0002862276,1.796794e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000450652,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001922382,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001203993,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001047731,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990834,0.0000623922,0.0003684231,0.00008457736,0.0002493002,0.0001518916],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999328,0.00003296055,0.0002122379,0.0003542076,0.00002691194,0.00004573081],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001351677,0.0004339296,0.001262242,0.00003193784,0.00003161059,0.000006123512,0.001368328,0.0000442725,0.9963506,0.00008142506,0.0001163937,0.0001379669],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003599288,0.002692678,0.0009896528,0.0002395976,0.00005262493,0.0002098975,0.004661036,0.01570351,0.9714993,0.00006126306,0.000152175,0.0001389726],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9986293,0.0003999973,0.00003875949,0.0000673067,0.0006269897,0.0001328405,0.00000337373,0.00004799424,0.00005346516],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9998237,0.00001535993,0.00006127502,0.00000475808,0.0000633347,0.00000181093,2.253184e-7,0.00001524287,0.00001423938],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0248513,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2694545,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2018225874","doi":"10.1007/s11669-011-9901-2","title":"Phase Relationships in the Zn-Rich Corner of the Zn-Fe-Zr System","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Phase Equilibria and Diffusion","topic":"Rare-earth and actinide compounds","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Teck (Canada)","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Scanning electron microscope; Intermetallic; Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy; Ternary numeral system; Ternary operation; Materials science; Phase (matter); Diffraction; Ternary compound; Spectroscopy; Binary system; Phase diagram; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Crystallography; Powder diffraction; Chemistry; Metallurgy; Inorganic chemistry; Binary number; Composite material; Optics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04219056282465303,"gpt":0.2766828184455681,"spread":0.2344922556209151,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005909189,0.0001204149,0.0002347836,0.00008199308,0.0001441034,0.00004021328,0.0002510533,0.00004084062,0.0001022795],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003081774,0.00006302175,0.0001371391,0.0002025961,0.00006020546,0.0002469621,0.00005739285,0.0003351526,0.000002774716],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001032562,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006548977,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003465249,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002245452,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987516,0.0002410517,0.0005210373,0.00009890931,0.0002341339,0.0001532536],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989282,0.0001873484,0.0005094869,0.0002204384,0.00007613377,0.00007838036],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002411154,0.009548144,0.4373902,0.0001862397,0.0002325163,0.00008706185,0.01693816,0.00001263524,0.4565876,0.03787817,0.006590711,0.03213743],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.1775387,0.01152002,0.474537,0.005505906,0.002298076,0.001347264,0.08375542,0.07540747,0.07590713,0.0539244,0.03535871,0.002899975],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9924343,0.0001586194,0.0003307403,0.000136162,0.0003119747,0.0001397211,0.00001212128,0.000003587085,0.006472743],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994784,0.000004790741,0.00007726347,0.00002327106,0.0002984119,0.000001938396,0.000003052431,0.000008265223,0.0001046355],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3806805,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2569952,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4378574593","doi":"10.1007/s11669-023-01040-4","title":"Thermodynamic Evaluation and Optimization of the Ag-As-S system","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Phase Equilibria and Diffusion","topic":"Chemical Thermodynamics and Molecular Structure","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"CALPHAD; Thermodynamics; Phase diagram; Gibbs free energy; Logarithm; Materials science; Binary number; Chemistry; Phase (matter); Physics; Mathematics; Organic chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009110820447356588,"gpt":0.2720011451968458,"spread":0.2628903247494893,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002337404,0.00008523506,0.0001579005,0.00004513796,0.0000519665,0.00002117361,0.00009510735,0.00008482116,0.00005388052],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008882523,0.00005400543,0.0000755566,0.0001161438,0.00004411244,0.00005519742,0.00008854062,0.0001061555,2.037221e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003340187,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004206416,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003750207,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.587614e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992096,0.00003273545,0.0002718068,0.00009321834,0.0003100486,0.00008259915],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993606,0.000041428,0.0003055563,0.0001256421,0.0001104475,0.00005637665],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000936045,0.00002524397,0.00007490604,0.0001011231,0.00002329893,0.000004084942,0.0001291616,0.0002998601,0.9934886,0.0003096891,0.00001202325,0.005438386],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002503505,0.00005109726,0.0002512804,0.0002643436,0.0001216979,0.0001239687,0.0002279358,0.9697384,0.025458,0.001150955,0.00003476966,0.00007402716],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9982445,0.0002405321,0.00032051,0.00009899503,0.0001172682,0.00006173839,0.000008862552,0.000009658769,0.0008979555],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996631,0.0001174372,0.00007651069,0.000009708088,0.00006756304,9.43888e-7,0.000009237952,0.00001168253,0.00004381846],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9694386,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2202278,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2028061010","doi":"10.1007/bf02736445","title":"The 450 °C isothermal section of the Zn-Al-Mo phase diagram","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Phase Equilibria and Diffusion","topic":"Intermetallics and Advanced Alloy Properties","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Teck (Canada)","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Phase diagram; Isothermal process; Section (typography); Thermodynamics; Materials science; CALPHAD; Diagram; Phase (matter); Chemistry; Physics; Computer science; Database","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006162767630626347,"gpt":0.2351223675932032,"spread":0.2289595999625768,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001719231,0.0001058736,0.0001523871,0.00004106803,0.0001173607,0.00004929712,0.0001285773,0.00003784355,0.00001491659],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002252635,0.00005211959,0.0001260845,0.00007581558,0.0000714424,0.0001757823,0.00003697514,0.0001678464,5.201271e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001902574,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001092732,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007245941,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004919167,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992355,0.00003066172,0.0003628247,0.00005672793,0.0001761289,0.0001382108],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996028,0.00004582325,0.0001579713,0.00009700829,0.00005909734,0.00003731848],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001231927,0.0001448496,0.00004240225,0.00001589788,0.00002160757,0.000002783433,0.00005462518,0.0004206074,0.9754718,0.0004271182,0.0007525128,0.0225226],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0126863,0.001452026,0.001502794,0.0003957017,0.000154426,0.0002639411,0.0002419834,0.4679291,0.3655771,0.004271954,0.1451139,0.0004107285],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9962527,0.0008486739,0.001237358,0.0001764809,0.0007848928,0.00007583055,0.00000460517,0.00001319369,0.0006062744],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988914,0.0003450793,0.00005887047,0.00003213272,0.000375882,0.000001182184,6.198065e-7,0.00001565261,0.0002792502],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6098946,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2125375,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4407853680","doi":"10.1007/s11669-025-01178-3","title":"Assessing the Influence of DSC Parameters on Accurate Determination of Liquidus and Solidus Temperatures of a Medium Carbon Low-Alloy Steel","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Phase Equilibria and Diffusion","topic":"Metallurgical Processes and Thermodynamics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Hydro-Québec; Cégep de Sorel-Tracy; École de Technologie Supérieure","funders":"","keywords":"Solidus; Liquidus; Alloy; Materials science; Carbon fibers; Thermodynamics; Metallurgy; Composite material","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009947052947599243,"gpt":0.2879292855522411,"spread":0.2779822326046418,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000249246,0.000113775,0.0003177586,0.0001350259,0.00002464496,0.00003008559,0.0001085734,0.00007033022,0.000002062419],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001516095,0.00007022821,0.00006816472,0.0001448255,0.00008600819,0.0001582352,0.00004186211,0.000161,1.410975e-8],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001142247,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003642558,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006479094,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001226075,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990848,0.00004659802,0.0005075526,0.00007425293,0.0001956293,0.00009119683],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999151,0.0002771252,0.0003123026,0.00009723151,0.0001163899,0.00004597426],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001819798,0.00009000486,0.00007163909,0.0004128925,0.0000395418,0.00000609706,0.0002129478,0.003186277,0.9935683,0.0001252588,0.000001159788,0.002103881],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002617671,0.0006575286,0.007812748,0.001636884,0.0001878562,0.0000288977,0.00023747,0.9066435,0.0789369,0.001090108,0.00001569434,0.0001348216],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9984934,0.0006651006,0.0004553272,0.00005118162,0.0001223117,0.00008100341,0.000003094632,0.000004817166,0.0001237207],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994221,0.000373905,0.0001545334,0.00001637456,0.00001816442,7.351265e-7,6.436122e-7,0.000007539684,0.000005994571],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9146314,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2863823,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3160118773","doi":"10.1007/s11669-021-00886-w","title":"Derivations of Partial Molar Excess Gibbs Energy of Mixing Expressions for Common Thermodynamic Models","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Phase Equilibria and Diffusion","topic":"Phase Equilibria and Thermodynamics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Ontario Tech University","funders":"","keywords":"Gibbs free energy; Thermodynamics; Mixing (physics); Gibbs–Helmholtz equation; Molar; Chemistry; Materials science; Physics; Geology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0179522193388589,"gpt":0.2670114981154266,"spread":0.2490592787765677,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001621554,0.0001706692,0.0004965492,0.0001529733,0.00005826391,0.00002106909,0.0001590166,0.0001117885,0.00002446879],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004387256,0.0001524809,0.0002072265,0.0001646629,0.00005713429,0.000422926,0.00007466468,0.0001174388,5.840177e-8],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002603278,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008278166,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009269164,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000664089,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986504,0.00005852793,0.0007557418,0.0001236076,0.0002210679,0.0001906554],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990098,0.000217565,0.0002454465,0.0002127953,0.0001813823,0.0001330523],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001887319,0.0003377101,0.00005944686,0.0001286168,0.0000997669,0.00001389799,0.0002559828,0.003584753,0.985987,0.006550494,0.00003007424,0.002763511],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002872826,0.0001704657,0.00005858341,0.0002812349,0.0001081528,0.00004832121,0.00009772701,0.8108647,0.1706167,0.01464933,0.00009794981,0.0001339856],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8183944,0.001085733,0.1797537,0.00002616363,0.0002857221,0.00006660597,0.00007718838,0.00001631988,0.0002940879],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998102,0.0003081303,0.001368216,0.0000105992,0.00012309,0.000004484416,0.00003115431,0.00003642588,0.0000159038],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8153703,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6217991,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1967945544","doi":"10.1007/s11669-006-0054-7","title":"Cs−Si (Cesium-Silicon) system","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Phase Equilibria and Diffusion","topic":"Semiconductor materials and interfaces","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"A&L Canada Laboratories (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Caesium; Silicon; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Metallurgy; Chemistry; Inorganic chemistry; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008464553678024744,"gpt":0.251434702054128,"spread":0.2429701483761033,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001620279,0.0001342544,0.0002871496,0.0000761639,0.00006743235,0.0001179825,0.0001093302,0.00003671126,0.0004893528],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000003248167,0.00009642227,0.0001003301,0.00005140198,0.00003538964,0.0003134281,0.00004704942,0.00008563662,0.00001000141],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001613584,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000274718,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001247875,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.180297e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990605,0.00004250317,0.0004742878,0.0001123122,0.0001519895,0.0001584291],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999341,0.00003354084,0.0003650762,0.00009621547,0.00007669676,0.00008751232],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009380545,0.0001879093,0.004458193,0.00002464898,0.00002005773,0.000006533265,0.00004890319,5.86138e-7,0.9873907,0.004626689,0.001835591,0.001306398],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01556621,0.001586729,0.00720388,0.0008271987,0.000331463,0.0002530764,0.002307443,0.007306783,0.9254779,0.005981953,0.03233521,0.0008222185],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9942149,0.0003263151,0.0002066677,0.00005897855,0.0007947481,0.00006132844,0.00001776756,0.00001230467,0.004306985],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998113,0.00000475226,0.00008313248,0.00001392321,0.001520764,9.199962e-7,0.000006354639,0.00001294435,0.0002441524],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.06191285,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.535807,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2898170141","doi":"10.1007/s11669-018-0690-8","title":"Correction to: Critical Evaluation and Optimization of the Fe-N, Mn-N and Fe-Mn-N Systems","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Phase Equilibria and Diffusion","topic":"Metal and Thin Film Mechanics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Thermodynamics; Materials science; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01978304336065283,"gpt":0.2876141957066305,"spread":0.2678311523459777,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005328842,0.00008397578,0.0001628138,0.00007486654,0.00007241523,0.00005006257,0.00004410323,0.00005492469,0.00002137224],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003464187,0.00005763703,0.00002775717,0.0001058248,0.00003864161,0.0001944809,0.00004352998,0.00009304001,4.651856e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000188121,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001671723,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004387066,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001604528,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992177,0.00007287913,0.000294409,0.00007833372,0.000251093,0.0000855661],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994784,0.00006117345,0.00008739055,0.00007467005,0.0001981393,0.0001002463],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001608006,0.00008344833,0.00007909248,0.00013706,0.00002771985,0.000001634776,0.0005823882,0.001116981,0.982865,0.00051634,0.003185904,0.01124368],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009895394,0.0004191588,0.000187354,0.0002510953,0.00009464676,0.0001312229,0.0001096548,0.9868381,0.01015593,0.0002822042,0.000472103,0.00006899353],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9655929,0.0007351894,0.02840421,0.00008033262,0.004883365,0.0001385966,0.000005453639,0.000009797034,0.0001501281],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989044,0.0001306732,0.0005799308,0.00001712068,0.0002827597,0.000001367226,0.000001642862,0.000009932965,0.0000721587],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9857211,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.235037,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1967876341","doi":"10.1007/s11669-006-0056-5","title":"Rb−Si (Rubidium-Silicon) system","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Phase Equilibria and Diffusion","topic":"Semiconductor materials and interfaces","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"A&L Canada Laboratories (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Rubidium; Silicon; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Metallurgy; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008549788696625371,"gpt":0.252032910229141,"spread":0.2434831215325157,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001779616,0.0001342177,0.0002878232,0.00007516389,0.00006551894,0.0001104216,0.0001064636,0.00003665677,0.0004757272],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000003760862,0.00009689017,0.0001030518,0.00005086695,0.0000368834,0.0002933068,0.00004676102,0.00008749221,0.00001066396],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001591639,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002732002,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001032836,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.850053e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990618,0.00004485112,0.0004704652,0.000111838,0.0001516479,0.0001594289],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993511,0.00003639262,0.0003509098,0.00009830831,0.00007629921,0.00008697055],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000835476,0.0001873491,0.003262101,0.00002214611,0.00002121962,0.000006371744,0.00004787634,4.769012e-7,0.987252,0.00555918,0.002230468,0.001327255],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01318569,0.001298978,0.004473416,0.0007101887,0.0002662406,0.000216255,0.002030074,0.005024579,0.9310644,0.004372926,0.03667497,0.0006823272],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9937503,0.0003157971,0.000200214,0.000062054,0.0008883196,0.00006151869,0.00001857649,0.00001189251,0.004691369],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978761,0.000005722693,0.00008841255,0.00001391728,0.001716527,9.680275e-7,0.000006787925,0.00001271992,0.0002788495],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05618766,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5208879,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3156713312","doi":"10.1007/s11669-021-00883-z","title":"A New Analytical Method for Computing Concentration-Dependent Interdiffusion Coefficient in Binary Systems with Pre-existing Solute Concentration Gradient","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Phase Equilibria and Diffusion","topic":"Advanced Mathematical Modeling in Engineering","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Diffusion; Binary number; Isothermal process; Thermodynamics; Concentration gradient; Chemistry; Planar; Partition coefficient; Effective diffusion coefficient; Materials science; Statistical physics; Mathematics; Chromatography; Physics; Computer science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.025633560321403,"gpt":0.3294646165006973,"spread":0.3038310561792943,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006048225,0.0001642675,0.0003963634,0.00008173384,0.00008633306,0.0001851998,0.000188938,0.00005756761,0.000001859039],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002399262,0.000130086,0.00006666458,0.0002445727,0.00001947795,0.0003954246,0.0001670134,0.0001862962,1.697325e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001226329,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000168869,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005760823,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001628338,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982228,0.0000909183,0.0007483428,0.0002872069,0.0003698189,0.0002809409],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985418,0.0004922554,0.0003520378,0.0001704444,0.0002258246,0.0002176923],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005223074,0.001292738,0.0002539317,0.0004220465,0.00007470563,0.0003520981,0.004372874,0.3401361,0.5609154,0.05391295,0.00007765705,0.03766724],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003779973,0.0006268778,0.00005383935,0.0008046757,0.00003252285,0.000356297,0.000136032,0.9919626,0.001298189,0.0007673508,0.00003577237,0.0001458513],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.385605,0.000259662,0.6135261,0.0001238355,0.0002817735,0.000165862,8.814048e-7,0.00001660908,0.00002020158],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6918947,0.00001691199,0.3079106,0.00002497959,0.0001162738,0.000001751005,0.000002471765,0.00001003181,0.00002238985],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6518265,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5304751,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2078707851","doi":"10.1007/bf02736575","title":"Modeling of the dynamics of transient liquid films in ternary systems","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Phase Equilibria and Diffusion","topic":"Solidification and crystal growth phenomena","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Isothermal process; Ternary operation; Metastability; Materials science; Relaxation (psychology); Thermodynamics; Diffusion; Ternary numeral system; Transient (computer programming); Liquid phase; Solubility; Phase (matter); Liquid liquid; Kinetics; Concentration gradient; Chemical physics; Chemistry; Physical chemistry; Chromatography; Physics; Organic chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01278886690449792,"gpt":0.2488168392444393,"spread":0.2360279723399414,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003469417,0.00007082641,0.0002203604,0.00008612071,0.00002544289,0.00001492758,0.0001556264,0.0000384978,0.00002334948],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001662569,0.00004502497,0.00006547572,0.0001100907,0.00005260538,0.0001314953,0.00003717842,0.00006426953,1.943402e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002244808,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003902628,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009578808,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008457453,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988411,0.00007247874,0.0006594361,0.00007670348,0.00025295,0.00009730999],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993986,0.00003089437,0.0003442494,0.0001131193,0.00007439516,0.00003874723],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003287392,0.0002966633,0.0002487036,0.0000678326,0.000002042871,0.000002396203,0.0002779012,0.003851321,0.9937297,0.001137267,0.00001818566,0.00003930117],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002412514,0.0003928396,0.0005048987,0.0003363249,0.00002373253,0.00004217428,0.0006692478,0.9669567,0.02818938,0.0003728762,0.00002156438,0.00007779216],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9962792,0.0004146425,0.002527737,0.00009751512,0.0002991639,0.00009557045,0.0000223596,0.000002802226,0.0002610346],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997721,0.00002950811,0.00009544317,0.000008296768,0.00004928648,8.236156e-7,0.000001795242,0.000005659382,0.00003709822],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9655403,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1836065,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402454708","doi":"10.1007/s11669-024-01146-3","title":"Atomistically Informed Phase Field Modeling of Solid-Solid Phase Transformations","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Phase Equilibria and Diffusion","topic":"Solidification and crystal growth phenomena","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Bundesministerium für Digitalisierung und Wirtschaftsstandort","keywords":"Phase (matter); Materials science; Field (mathematics); Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Physics; Mathematics; Organic chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02851285072534254,"gpt":0.3666919356211133,"spread":0.3381790848957708,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004380987,0.0001493608,0.0003370096,0.0002283166,0.00009495997,0.0001192179,0.0001758455,0.0000797674,0.0005819724],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001863184,0.0001146878,0.0001373495,0.0001878946,0.0000648816,0.0007542663,0.00003863867,0.0001604118,0.00001038838],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003062635,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002251176,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003263073,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.825557e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982384,0.00004315872,0.001011283,0.0001427399,0.000351859,0.0002125397],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990127,0.0002090231,0.0002205233,0.0001429089,0.0001681357,0.000246693],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007551411,0.0006993891,8.32068e-7,0.0001972639,0.00001905252,0.00001727911,0.001725313,0.00004655837,0.9859664,0.001912254,0.0004607679,0.00819977],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01104655,0.002048451,0.000001435793,0.0004849643,0.0001627055,0.0001596559,0.0006141189,0.8087212,0.1693614,0.004260931,0.002912884,0.0002257229],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.872124,0.000420178,0.1255512,0.0004274998,0.0003907565,0.0001401566,0.00007322117,0.00003060576,0.0008423368],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986694,0.0002347985,0.0006850199,0.0001200175,0.0002073465,0.000003972145,0.00001026609,0.0000128937,0.00005632461],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.816605,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.637219,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4407053212","doi":"10.1007/s11669-025-01174-7","title":"Mass-Preserving Modeling of Diffusion in a Closed System","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Phase Equilibria and Diffusion","topic":"Advanced Mathematical Modeling in Engineering","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Diffusion; Thermodynamics; Materials science; Statistical physics; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01506060488592878,"gpt":0.2830109190808693,"spread":0.2679503141949405,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004517568,0.0001177012,0.000364232,0.0003609005,0.00003318734,0.000038485,0.0004089579,0.00006357496,0.000001298517],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001943205,0.00009535332,0.00007373983,0.0003093311,0.00001413623,0.0004691628,0.0003023438,0.0001764352,1.969409e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005727536,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004469905,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003809448,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.017359e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986624,0.00004096736,0.0007223433,0.0001512271,0.000254896,0.0001682376],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991938,0.0001751943,0.0002107206,0.0002413603,0.0001024616,0.00007650117],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008239166,0.0002068662,0.00009742007,0.0005135499,0.00001221287,0.00003581686,0.0003777726,0.03410967,0.9290063,0.03053205,0.000007419098,0.005018495],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00196964,0.00008499899,0.00001505714,0.00163101,0.00001141141,0.00001832206,0.00008767478,0.9789389,0.001162319,0.01599745,0.000007667993,0.00007551643],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4834577,0.0002254082,0.5158191,0.00005182888,0.0001826305,0.0000476072,2.427844e-7,0.00001397273,0.0002015761],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9028702,0.00003813266,0.0970263,0.00001072753,0.00002966559,0.000001095379,1.479087e-7,0.000006190927,0.00001747965],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9448293,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3888395,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4206548375","doi":"10.1007/s11669-021-00934-5","title":"On the Role of Sc in Powders and Spray Deposits of Hypoeutectic Al–Mg Alloys","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Phase Equilibria and Diffusion","topic":"Aluminum Alloys Composites Properties","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Queen's University; University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Eutectic system; Microstructure; Materials science; Metallurgy; Supersaturation; Indentation hardness; Solubility; Precipitation; Intermetallic; Alloy; Chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007193991940294871,"gpt":0.2086822780696909,"spread":0.201488286129396,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000291753,0.0001018272,0.0002297876,0.0001652885,0.00004961829,0.00001376151,0.0001511437,0.00002527227,0.0000314342],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000440991,0.00007189719,0.00005081576,0.0001268075,0.00004982777,0.0001161314,0.0001323182,0.0002252451,2.007124e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003175242,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001876192,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009371439,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005405476,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991087,0.00007911376,0.0003658721,0.00007506318,0.0002560925,0.0001151465],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999496,0.0001748955,0.0001441468,0.0001069593,0.00002679136,0.00005121746],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003180309,0.0001515552,0.001733678,0.00002689786,0.00003417644,0.00001486532,0.0008335295,0.0006110354,0.9934257,0.0001681352,0.000091198,0.002591198],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01194114,0.006182963,0.01010521,0.0006723931,0.0002164178,0.0008245344,0.003327204,0.2220829,0.7378958,0.003770763,0.002382777,0.0005978955],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9965397,0.002807521,0.00002379688,0.000143959,0.0001173056,0.00009599065,0.000002610857,0.000007226535,0.0002619449],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997106,0.0001116751,0.0000860298,0.00004328025,0.00001924538,0.000001921858,4.760807e-7,0.00001542481,0.00001132891],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2555299,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2931882,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}