{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":7,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":7,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"148458abd423","filters":{"venue":"Journal of Rural Social Sciences"}},"results":[{"id":"W1556609446","doi":"","title":"Ferry Tales: Mobility, Place and Time on Canada's West Coast","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Rural Social Sciences","topic":"Arctic and Russian Policy Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Tourism; Ethnography; Pilgrimage; Hospitality; Nexus (standard); TRIPS architecture; Meaning (existential); Mobilities; Sociology; Destinations; Media studies; Geography; History; Anthropology; Archaeology; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"Maximiliano E. Korstanje","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02911151740862374,"gpt":0.3293747061556735,"spread":0.3002631887470498,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001594824,0.00009001523,0.0002045279,0.00004426705,0.002095044,0.00006411373,0.0002445295,0.00005259697,0.00009232532],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000285837,0.00006149349,0.00005917486,0.0002423621,0.001493432,0.0003660231,0.00005640637,0.0001477482,0.000007889447],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000219786,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007410217,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.308293,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.3053466,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983534,0.0001695366,0.0002183059,0.00006228461,0.0007688541,0.0004276739],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992094,0.0002547997,0.0002437506,0.00002722171,0.00006625328,0.0001985776],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001277917,0.0003846208,0.2796573,0.00003016428,0.0001516146,0.00001574315,0.1799573,0.00002132483,0.0001685856,0.08174919,0.4327983,0.02493814],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005233464,0.0004175711,0.5365819,0.0001012078,0.00006659608,0.00003515096,0.237099,0.000009338061,0.00003557283,0.003634009,0.2210358,0.0004605341],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9184089,0.0005699731,0.000001918544,0.04163032,0.0005281845,0.00007037388,0.000007503626,0.000008032853,0.03877477],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9967304,0.000143565,0.00003922219,0.0005787484,0.001475154,6.959997e-7,9.457307e-8,0.000002857971,0.001029195],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2569246,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9992041,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2778012663","doi":"","title":"Energy and the Rural Sociological Imagination","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Rural Social Sciences","topic":"American Environmental and Regional History","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Sociology; Rural sociology; Flourishing; Social science; Rural area; Environmental ethics; Economic growth; Agriculture; Political science; Economics; Geography; Law; Psychology; Social psychology; Rural development","authors":[{"name":"Thomas M. Beckley","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0127479210844323,"gpt":0.2522928906389595,"spread":0.2395449695545273,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005396549,0.0000599818,0.0001204233,0.000009614375,0.001787014,0.00004612494,0.0004268421,0.0000278964,0.0001969083],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002845946,0.00002889487,0.00008372046,0.0000308605,0.01998812,0.0003976492,0.0001603246,0.00007746222,0.000007174443],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008850632,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001045718,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003748987,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001480425,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992452,0.00007369745,0.0001335231,0.00005193437,0.00037014,0.0001254783],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999468,0.00004798768,0.0003986633,0.00004139919,0.000004540628,0.00003941368],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005673729,0.0002737603,0.2572366,0.000004947267,0.00008039744,0.00003212767,0.01755852,0.0001838436,0.01309315,0.05570035,0.08109328,0.5741757],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001424914,0.0003007148,0.877347,0.00001248504,0.00003642036,0.0001497047,0.0160347,0.0002712688,0.00008566029,0.05644798,0.04765198,0.0002371972],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9613268,0.0003640613,0.0001059728,0.02244054,0.0002065541,0.00002664815,5.17867e-7,0.000002776608,0.01552611],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984071,0.0002705742,0.00008848599,0.0005176089,0.0002111014,8.077742e-7,8.620223e-8,0.00000154592,0.0005026846],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6201104,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995126,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1595552999","doi":"","title":"Farming in a Global Economy: A Case Study of Immigrant Farmers in Canada","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Rural Social Sciences","topic":"Rural development and sustainability","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Immigration; Agriculture; Political science; World War II; Poverty; Ethnic group; Sociology; Economic growth; Economy; Geography; Law; Economics","authors":[{"name":"Cornelia Butler Flora","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01989293264103419,"gpt":0.2604346789554618,"spread":0.2405417463144276,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00111488,0.00008133396,0.0002515072,0.00002152193,0.000155688,0.00002296154,0.0002211753,0.0000277797,0.00002486563],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004734099,0.00003183196,0.00005418753,0.0007795477,0.00008227367,0.0003847048,0.00004320881,0.00009818306,1.570373e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005917681,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002962929,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.919021,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9658586,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987192,0.0001317774,0.0004833876,0.00006707842,0.0002611979,0.0003373601],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995072,0.0000861695,0.0002634996,0.00001124652,0.00006070176,0.00007110969],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001628601,0.0001255311,0.9699093,0.000002613023,0.000004069782,0.00009377911,0.002866577,0.00001009108,0.0001009331,0.00002893714,0.00003650827,0.02680539],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001658193,0.0001296057,0.6926101,0.000006715531,0.000002711836,0.00007199228,0.3066373,0.000006012032,0.000008940669,0.000178334,0.0001205971,0.00006186277],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9984231,0.0001269907,6.80023e-8,0.000954944,0.0001491559,0.0001211225,0.000001799531,0.000001235205,0.0002215665],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9998564,0.000004871267,0.000008243022,0.00004326921,0.00008052211,0.00000147773,1.510708e-7,1.752542e-7,0.000004941384],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3037707,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1547453,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2603806102","doi":"","title":"Recreational Needs and Practices of Youth Living in Rural Areas in Quebec: Views and Concerns of Stakeholders and Parents","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Rural Social Sciences","topic":"Recreation, Leisure, Wilderness Management","field":"Psychology","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Recreation; Context (archaeology); Perspective (graphical); Sociology; Variety (cybernetics); Promotion (chess); Identity (music); Subject (documents); Geography; Political science; Politics","authors":[{"name":"Romain Roult","is_ca":false},{"name":"Denis Auger","is_ca":false},{"name":"Chantal Royer","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jean-Marc Adjizian","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.156882555010999,"gpt":0.3965127127487706,"spread":0.2396301577377716,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001310171,0.00008238167,0.0002725771,0.0002492533,0.00006490346,0.00004233372,0.0001249262,0.00005033958,0.00004832503],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001961973,0.0000541457,0.00002855706,0.0002819794,0.0005527831,0.0007008546,0.00003889311,0.00006691283,1.801123e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004480136,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006918395,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01321593,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006826204,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987329,0.0002389493,0.0004762929,0.0000844407,0.0003206691,0.0001467861],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982777,0.0003598513,0.001212207,0.00003468671,0.00007270724,0.00004287542],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005526964,0.00004769926,0.9427858,0.00001244558,0.00002021815,0.00000104693,0.02135431,0.000001569,0.0001385769,0.001304568,0.00005120217,0.03422728],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006103098,0.000129354,0.8892238,0.000353879,0.0000208476,0.000004050539,0.1090011,0.000004744473,0.00001305199,0.0005069008,0.00007263899,0.00005931984],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9966798,0.0008619949,0.00002309528,0.001178124,0.0001289981,0.0001125862,0.000004248202,0.00000156958,0.001009525],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991751,0.000541946,0.00004839772,0.000008725954,0.0000722488,0.000002003233,3.074016e-7,0.000002932304,0.000148292],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0876468,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9933552,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3042247230","doi":"","title":"Frans Schryer, Farming in a Global Economy: A Case Study of Immigrant Farmers in Canada","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Rural Social Sciences","topic":"Agriculture and Rural Development Research","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Immigration; Agriculture; Economy; Political science; Agricultural economics; Geography; Economics; Archaeology","authors":[{"name":"Cornelia Butler Flora","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0244118093357726,"gpt":0.2766123347443364,"spread":0.2522005254085638,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009189835,0.0001011361,0.0002802445,0.00002990095,0.0002187619,0.00003088014,0.0003069831,0.00004250466,0.00006812198],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002816356,0.00003466322,0.00006434816,0.001132273,0.00008591607,0.0004009953,0.00005419032,0.0001763075,8.395164e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003624086,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002652993,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9137282,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.961369,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984348,0.0001341251,0.0004833508,0.00008133888,0.0004339859,0.0004324205],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994729,0.00009272483,0.0002476526,0.00001195805,0.00007108619,0.0001037372],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002040498,0.0002033673,0.9602951,0.000003462329,0.00001092591,0.0001832818,0.003394439,0.00001435177,0.0006508967,0.00004445392,0.0002181105,0.03496118],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002508647,0.00021741,0.7547548,0.00002061979,0.000004485923,0.0001940903,0.2439968,0.000005543225,0.00002937582,0.0000803722,0.0003528728,0.00009272187],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9972278,0.0003412971,1.981325e-7,0.001780775,0.000140624,0.0001398038,0.000003311166,0.000001565499,0.0003645508],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997416,0.00002473521,0.00001205532,0.00005452075,0.0001519988,0.000002174419,3.756382e-7,2.49529e-7,0.00001229833],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2406024,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1682562,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2775006015","doi":"","title":"Rural Sociologists in the Transformation of African Agriculture and Rural Development","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Rural Social Sciences","topic":"Agricultural Innovations and Practices","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Economic growth; General partnership; Context (archaeology); Government (linguistics); Livelihood; Rural sociology; Rural area; Agriculture; Political science; Promotion (chess); Rural economics; Agricultural productivity; Agricultural policy; Food security; Sociology; Rural development; Economics; Politics; Geography","authors":[{"name":"Keith M. Moore","is_ca":false},{"name":"Amadou Ndiaye","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05448640507461026,"gpt":0.3066218826946761,"spread":0.2521354776200658,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001338151,0.00009561549,0.0001872791,0.00001667563,0.001387366,0.0002558394,0.0006034895,0.00007545197,0.00003067571],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009150431,0.00002491511,0.00007333807,0.0002746943,0.0004547801,0.001039171,0.00003687871,0.000183016,7.933336e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002333313,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000229091,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004723398,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006827061,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988631,0.0001121942,0.0004072255,0.0000502458,0.0003873745,0.0001798682],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987822,0.0001604678,0.000863864,0.00002014989,0.000147406,0.00002598196],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001671154,0.0003228599,0.1235287,0.00003186987,0.00007306063,0.00000757551,0.04698046,0.00001575906,0.2111805,0.01496575,0.003827137,0.5988992],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001154471,0.0001856814,0.9232429,0.00002995318,0.000008625982,0.00002655709,0.07059708,0.00000241935,0.0004473588,0.0009538014,0.00430385,0.0000863742],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.979611,0.0002127953,0.000001314889,0.01851352,0.00009431521,0.0000936837,0.000004036899,0.000003006446,0.001466363],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994286,0.000139538,0.0000737442,0.00009420946,0.0002348037,0.000002272981,0.000003142306,2.088037e-7,0.0000234286],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7997142,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999127,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3103701239","doi":"","title":"Phillip Vannini, Ferry Tales: Mobility, Place and Time on Canada’s West Coast","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Rural Social Sciences","topic":"Migration, Health, Geopolitics, Historical Geography","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"West coast; Geography; History; Oceanography; Geology","authors":[{"name":"Maximiliano E. Korstanje","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02454327887526253,"gpt":0.3123610111772784,"spread":0.2878177323020158,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002927498,0.0001341047,0.0002888115,0.0001250606,0.002294739,0.00009928955,0.0003780551,0.0001095357,0.0002019883],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005080329,0.0001089677,0.000105563,0.00056233,0.001295083,0.0006016697,0.00003494563,0.0002582703,0.00001135266],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006094387,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002107001,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.4522149,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.5313736,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9970418,0.0003666291,0.0004402804,0.0001180717,0.001364147,0.000669093],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983584,0.0004002417,0.0004492553,0.00005747348,0.0002364136,0.0004982001],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001399694,0.0007959271,0.3636957,0.00006737425,0.00008667805,0.00001167988,0.2053782,0.00005551938,0.0001296949,0.1260307,0.2947103,0.008898232],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007095692,0.0008842371,0.4068734,0.00011153,0.00007917105,0.00002635505,0.1147896,0.00002252764,0.00002785203,0.009173092,0.4665945,0.0007080649],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.973325,0.001009942,0.000004647141,0.01077126,0.001358867,0.0001434369,0.00001773152,0.00001556045,0.01335353],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9962442,0.0001711134,0.00008220266,0.0007366216,0.002003313,0.000001444086,7.283547e-7,0.000005223204,0.0007551436],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1718842,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9990041,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}