{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":11,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":11,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"c8a405434f69","filters":{"venue":"Journal of Sustainable Development Law and Policy (The)"}},"results":[{"id":"W2741962878","doi":"10.4314/jsdlp.v8i1.10","title":"Land governance and land deals in Africa: opportunities and challenges in advancing community rights","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Sustainable Development Law and Policy (The)","topic":"Land Rights and Reforms","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Corporate governance; Citizenship; Political science; Land law; Natural resource; Investment (military); Conceptual framework; Public administration; Land tenure; Sociology; Law; Economics; Social science; Politics; Geography","authors":[{"name":"Blair Rutherford","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05672856652870848,"gpt":0.2506629930777599,"spread":0.1939344265490514,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001083633,0.00008922141,0.0001693832,0.00001672059,0.001169909,0.0001172153,0.000183445,0.00004757723,0.00000364059],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002909404,0.00001745459,0.00001206095,0.00003673183,0.0001809069,0.0002919893,0.0001384473,0.0001953533,9.517888e-8],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003377286,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003669153,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01186391,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.03924651,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993004,0.00008815637,0.000209316,0.00005571053,0.0001010748,0.0002454017],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994785,0.0001623838,0.0001940904,0.00004662273,0.0000471516,0.00007124901],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006296623,0.0004665862,0.2407803,0.0008230634,0.0001711437,0.001044385,0.07429057,0.00001420135,0.0002459797,0.2884638,0.0003750698,0.3926952],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003135946,0.00007488334,0.612351,0.00007983035,0.00000358475,0.00007454694,0.005577049,0.0000015095,0.00003373061,0.01106656,0.3703447,0.00007907216],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9765483,0.002675642,7.119569e-8,0.01760755,0.00001741655,0.00007892997,0.000001339136,0.000001675053,0.003069116],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9748245,0.02406473,0.00001187894,0.0001336193,0.00007992671,0.000001761668,4.630246e-7,6.223706e-7,0.0008824683],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3926162,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9947162,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2488818168","doi":"10.4314/jsdlp.v7i1.1","title":"New directions in African developmentalism: the emerging developmental state in resource-rich Africa","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Sustainable Development Law and Policy (The)","topic":"Private Equity and Venture Capital","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"World Bank Group","keywords":"Developmentalism; Developmental state; Resource curse; Natural resource; Resource (disambiguation); State (computer science); Democracy; Scholarship; Political science; Corporate governance; Development economics; Revenue; Political economy; Economics; Economic growth; Politics; Law","authors":[{"name":"Sara Ghebremusse","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01168388189904326,"gpt":0.2249716727927406,"spread":0.2132877908936974,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001982075,0.0002388514,0.0002610004,0.0005633276,0.0006753646,0.0002584458,0.0005825103,0.00005466003,0.0000616367],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002252914,0.000113221,0.00005174225,0.001362172,0.0001551344,0.001028193,0.0004968993,0.0003080518,0.00001897833],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005572455,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006668128,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001932139,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001337046,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979013,0.0000645375,0.0007678816,0.0001664925,0.0004052027,0.000694542],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990584,0.0002247836,0.0004005307,0.0001315892,0.0001386374,0.0000460354],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001518708,0.0005673695,0.04303931,0.0004455802,0.0006001763,0.0009823603,0.1171611,0.0001448589,0.0009668712,0.5670798,0.06042643,0.2070675],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000922797,0.00001220209,0.03787912,0.0001101657,0.00001556538,0.00005615479,0.01674489,0.00000262599,0.0001713308,0.0119431,0.9319185,0.0002235609],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.886227,0.001301037,0.0004453642,0.06329577,0.0003007622,0.0007770297,0.000001317597,0.00004150386,0.04761019],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9921489,0.0001670264,0.0002469212,0.002470448,0.0004264238,0.00001595026,0.000001275103,0.00002347874,0.004499568],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8714921,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5194426,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1913989505","doi":"","title":"Legal and Constitutional Evaluation of the Nigerian Sovereign Wealth Fund","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Sustainable Development Law and Policy (The)","topic":"State Capitalism and Financial Governance","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Constitutionality; Sovereign wealth fund; Constitution; Sovereignty; Political science; Law; Extant taxon; Business; Economics; Public administration; Foreign direct investment; Politics","authors":[{"name":"SE Ekokoi","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0301112475906692,"gpt":0.2645178972080851,"spread":0.2344066496174159,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002085896,0.00009177242,0.0001320672,0.00006245852,0.0003810101,0.0001269573,0.0001657335,0.0000311252,0.00001216707],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002673965,0.00004805503,0.00002727477,0.0002398295,0.0005755855,0.0006742633,0.000125296,0.0001057978,0.000001822668],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001159645,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001340095,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001110111,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006483903,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988903,0.00003299196,0.0003097455,0.00006304069,0.0005144743,0.0001893959],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985298,0.0000375025,0.0004915337,0.00008434936,0.0008352321,0.00002160684],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005120307,0.00001512407,0.001628322,0.00005255146,0.00001854138,0.000004036176,0.0007250516,0.00005306274,0.000005816394,0.9935132,0.003046649,0.0008864682],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001356117,0.00001844288,0.04980452,0.0000585409,0.00008220183,0.00005657819,0.007111805,0.00008193897,0.00005535269,0.06603571,0.8752133,0.0001255379],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9291979,0.0012674,0.0002385487,0.00647408,0.0003256715,0.0003806041,0.000002526253,0.000004446467,0.0621088],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9961318,0.00004682491,0.00002736999,0.002685259,0.0005319486,0.000002917439,0.000001031797,0.000004396763,0.0005684606],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9274775,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.293046,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4293216253","doi":"10.4314/jsdlp.v13i1.4","title":"What is the Problem with Stabilization Clauses in Petroleum Agreements?","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Sustainable Development Law and Policy (The)","topic":"Natural Resources and Economic Development","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Alberta Environment and Protected Areas","funders":"","keywords":"Legislature; Sovereignty; Petroleum; Business; Natural resource; Sustainable development; Politics; International trade; Economics; Political science; Law","authors":[{"name":"Victoria R. Nalule","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0120918225601141,"gpt":0.2116838565369894,"spread":0.1995920339768753,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001957742,0.0001366008,0.0002379971,0.0002153488,0.0007836056,0.000255515,0.0003822005,0.00002625612,0.000193534],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001538251,0.0000766897,0.00003968555,0.0003753152,0.00008864997,0.0004958146,0.0002291985,0.0003096296,0.000006380321],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006057145,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002627398,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006959516,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001631308,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985896,0.00004800002,0.0007346466,0.0001435933,0.0001122973,0.0003718657],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990476,0.00009499472,0.0005969565,0.0001463417,0.00005971642,0.00005438262],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004278001,0.0002105997,0.0634185,0.0001620434,0.0003956901,0.00005855008,0.08399596,0.00571217,0.000002588242,0.8344024,0.005745697,0.005467991],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006289071,0.0001019956,0.01261941,0.00001818999,0.000005851011,0.00005184894,0.0342197,0.00007287792,0.00001791624,0.01272876,0.939397,0.0001375644],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9502627,0.00586343,0.00009848044,0.03589158,0.0001742335,0.0005743019,0.000004843796,0.000005576648,0.00712489],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9841064,0.001359111,0.0001571897,0.00603461,0.00006991206,0.0000421275,0.000002402472,0.00001574537,0.008212481],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9336513,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.602694,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3034347524","doi":"10.4314/jsdlp.v10i1.6","title":"Separating the wheat from the chaff: Delimiting public policy influence on the arbitrability of disputes in Africa","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Sustainable Development Law and Policy (The)","topic":"International Arbitration and Investment Law","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Arbitration; Enforcement; Public policy; Public interest; Legislature; Political science; Public administration; Law","authors":[{"name":"Akinwumi Ogunranti","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01679179163335954,"gpt":0.235154321677558,"spread":0.2183625300441985,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002321563,0.0001596468,0.0001740799,0.0001271766,0.0007052001,0.0004264806,0.0006572734,0.00003773451,0.00004800059],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006848844,0.0000621912,0.00006789757,0.0005848805,0.0002351051,0.0008365042,0.0002101344,0.0003546186,0.00001391086],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000135695,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003749267,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005934302,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003610523,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983627,0.0001086814,0.0006009923,0.0001137539,0.0004648638,0.0003490746],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977949,0.0009211891,0.000584091,0.0002229683,0.0004600387,0.00001687172],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004717542,0.00004268772,0.007324371,0.00003289134,0.0000469708,0.000001926649,0.00263819,0.0002197979,0.0001006831,0.988822,0.0005115205,0.0002117717],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009261381,0.00006462028,0.1826729,0.0002503053,0.00004222216,0.00001236685,0.02196259,0.001747267,0.0006130236,0.09404681,0.6973668,0.0002948911],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8644118,0.00009058134,0.000008641875,0.0847776,0.00005243004,0.0003654034,9.441321e-7,0.000005800495,0.05028683],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9496993,0.00002601178,0.00002186059,0.04939279,0.0004808489,0.00001280498,0.000001970103,0.000009319204,0.0003550906],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8947752,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8970929,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2745196823","doi":"10.4314/jsdlp.v8i1.9","title":"Transnational initiatives towards natural resource governance in Africa post-2015","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Sustainable Development Law and Policy (The)","topic":"Energy and Environment Impacts","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Nexus (standard); Corporate governance; Natural resource; Globalization; Political science; State (computer science); Sustainable development; Resource (disambiguation); Global governance; Development studies; Developmental state; Development economics; Economic system; Political economy; Economic growth; Sociology; Economics; Politics; Management; Law","authors":[{"name":"Timothy M. Shaw","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009350827218564325,"gpt":0.2433734271840192,"spread":0.2340225999654549,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008545998,0.0001199963,0.0001272545,0.00003204366,0.0007329004,0.0000927958,0.0004521654,0.00004289905,0.0001145635],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001360964,0.00006978372,0.0000326715,0.00008572471,0.0004059471,0.0008148887,0.0001775876,0.0002416969,0.000003805759],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003356984,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001284089,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004776758,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000265875,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998844,0.00007230364,0.0002649042,0.00008797993,0.0003880425,0.0003427329],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993806,0.00007972604,0.0002846704,0.0001485384,0.00001950432,0.00008693388],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005683242,0.0002601382,0.01088939,0.00005320852,0.0001171323,0.000345854,0.04433822,0.00602648,0.0004732469,0.9231821,0.003813667,0.00993224],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003728033,0.00003676644,0.6410342,0.000009036916,0.000005423556,0.00003901446,0.001255201,0.000007756377,0.0002330575,0.002709903,0.3542078,0.00008897582],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8722154,0.0002556996,0.00001820516,0.05362804,0.00004758927,0.0001208801,0.000001796695,0.000003444612,0.07370891],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9945411,0.00008960588,0.0001748828,0.001542421,0.00005632655,0.000002903376,7.124055e-7,0.000007052274,0.003584984],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9204722,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5636952,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2743390382","doi":"10.4314/jsdlp.v8i1.4","title":"Conceptualizing the Qatari-African foreign policy and economic relations: the case of soft power","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Sustainable Development Law and Policy (The)","topic":"Middle East and Rwanda Conflicts","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University; University of Ottawa; Institute on Governance","funders":"","keywords":"Soft power; International relations; Hard power; Power (physics); Soft law; Foreign policy; Government (linguistics); China; Political science; Sociology; Development economics; Law; International law; Economics; Politics","authors":[{"name":"Ben O’Bright","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02172725633680336,"gpt":0.3046758939609294,"spread":0.2829486376241261,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002596328,0.0001061495,0.0001664064,0.00007094089,0.00529931,0.0003373266,0.0004864159,0.00005755424,0.00004216865],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005736025,0.00004764209,0.00005044707,0.00009779006,0.001611545,0.0003726807,0.0001707774,0.0002061048,0.000002988313],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000208544,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001888919,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02759319,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003701182,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988611,0.0002043809,0.0003621051,0.0000776809,0.0001597162,0.0003349911],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983349,0.0005198506,0.000605373,0.0002264155,0.0002093459,0.0001040772],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001927168,0.00000582743,0.0004455667,0.000007311655,0.00005214802,0.00003101712,0.08542608,0.00001179359,0.000001164705,0.9124397,0.0004809814,0.001079118],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003025486,0.0000292406,0.003188144,0.00002124217,0.00003055403,0.0002077605,0.16805,0.00001039928,0.00001578531,0.02430294,0.8037591,0.00008229908],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6427505,0.00181334,0.00009349041,0.06784528,0.0001525222,0.0006768554,0.000005848924,0.000008885059,0.2866533],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9895369,0.0002116069,0.00003155957,0.001023387,0.0004150293,0.000004124673,1.875997e-7,0.000007110676,0.008770104],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8881367,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9959956,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2482875370","doi":"10.4314/jsdlp.v7i1.8","title":"Realising the Africa mining vision: the role of government-initiated international development think-tanks","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Sustainable Development Law and Policy (The)","topic":"Mining and Resource Management","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Government (linguistics); Commission; Political science; General partnership; Sustainable development; Economic growth; Foreign policy; Argument (complex analysis); European union; Public administration; Business; Politics; Economics; International trade; Law","authors":[{"name":"Chilenye Nwapi","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008204103558189537,"gpt":0.2164403111949794,"spread":0.2082362076367899,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001555875,0.0001635853,0.0001630247,0.00006915753,0.0005230262,0.0001013752,0.0005318622,0.00004593028,0.00002915562],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008608305,0.00006093477,0.00004906608,0.000191339,0.0001387648,0.0001290717,0.0002238134,0.0001729814,0.000002545619],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003160619,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001398907,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004468002,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001043353,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983174,0.00008638567,0.0005553352,0.00008150737,0.0006186647,0.0003407414],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990044,0.0003541197,0.0002710881,0.0001754924,0.0001344127,0.00006053251],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005113056,0.0002465172,0.002576984,0.0004046266,0.004034151,0.0002173471,0.4269815,0.007264476,0.002749234,0.1863876,0.03649024,0.332136],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003928249,0.00003224341,0.003801482,0.0001746239,0.00003416387,0.00005180529,0.04188438,0.0002259521,0.001971482,0.0004815116,0.9508236,0.0001259161],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8150706,0.002268937,0.001931131,0.01641665,0.0004977136,0.0005170774,0.00000556656,0.00005554736,0.1632368],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9951838,0.0001311108,0.0003721468,0.0003665135,0.0001852094,0.000006614147,5.652353e-7,0.00001894339,0.003735106],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9143334,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4022747,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7116682401","doi":"10.4314/jsdlp.v17i1.22","title":"The Role Of Law And The Tripartite Approach To Climate Justice: Lessons For Nigeria From Canada","year":2025,"lang":"","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Sustainable Development Law and Policy (The)","topic":"Environmental law and policy","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Climate justice; Indigenous; Climate change; Climate governance; Corporate governance; Jurisdiction; Political economy of climate change; Constitution; Environmental justice; State (computer science)","authors":[{"name":"Alex Oche","is_ca":false},{"name":"Olusola Joshua Olujobi","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008833169587079462,"gpt":0.2779902686897252,"spread":0.2691570991026457,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003539104,0.0002613434,0.0004700853,0.0000545089,0.005878524,0.0003405196,0.0007560111,0.0001066302,0.000008197242],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001944521,0.000126026,0.0001069168,0.0003977272,0.001655759,0.0001917901,0.0003622917,0.0003118395,5.757971e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004574152,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002986657,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.5883696,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.3002433,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9970061,0.0005289668,0.000895382,0.0001854519,0.0004983037,0.000885856],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9968134,0.001922763,0.0005788422,0.0002528671,0.0001970294,0.0002351141],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005485727,0.00004748051,0.00009519752,0.0001178126,0.0002356442,0.000001644028,0.03676084,0.00005378192,0.00001718501,0.9590451,0.00162265,0.001454158],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001092821,0.0000415029,0.001140779,0.00005784142,0.0002577697,0.000004041724,0.1187145,0.00001992983,0.0003758739,0.0287855,0.8493665,0.0001428449],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2986848,0.02272286,0.000212011,0.2600002,0.001076376,0.004762812,0.0002105942,0.00001143898,0.4123189],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9801717,0.00365703,0.000141679,0.009952093,0.0004366571,0.00004945717,0.000002213749,0.00001443871,0.00557476],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9302595,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9954157,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2744963310","doi":"10.4314/jsdlp.v8i1.1","title":"Investment and governance of Africa’s resources: economic diversification for development","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Sustainable Development Law and Policy (The)","topic":"Natural Resources and Economic Development","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa; Institute on Governance; Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Diversification (marketing strategy); Corporate governance; Investment (military); Natural resource economics; Economics; Business; Geography; Political science; Finance; Politics","authors":[{"name":"Hany Besada","is_ca":true},{"name":"Mohammed Everen Tok","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jason J. McSparren","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ben O’Bright","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0294935878319341,"gpt":0.2365224293912062,"spread":0.2070288415592721,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001568462,0.0001601187,0.0003668799,0.0001091261,0.001025175,0.0001863815,0.0005057985,0.00006483179,0.00001661751],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001369466,0.0001162445,0.00005843838,0.00003912497,0.0002362537,0.0003492368,0.0002514574,0.0001134299,0.000006442881],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004376146,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002585146,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005320315,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006141386,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985289,0.00001280526,0.0008918342,0.0001758489,0.00005804241,0.0003325431],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977291,0.0001149648,0.001714128,0.0002499413,0.00008327069,0.0001085709],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001348527,0.00003517224,0.005462995,0.0001603236,0.0002297446,0.000002868738,0.01548451,0.00003293451,0.000006250042,0.9725217,0.001867145,0.004061479],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007279373,0.00004926449,0.06758504,0.00003099161,0.00001064939,0.00001149541,0.001556751,0.00003811618,0.0002387966,0.01434213,0.9152525,0.0001563183],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9672703,0.004447688,0.0002452455,0.0063355,0.0002052935,0.0005617177,0.00001776207,0.000004877478,0.02091167],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9911836,0.000816475,0.001826856,0.0005162677,0.000117877,0.00001859024,0.000001581982,0.00001410981,0.005504596],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9581796,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7884918,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4405301948","doi":"10.4314/jsdlp.v15i3.20","title":"Contemporary Issues in Nigerian Law: Essays in Honour of Professor Elisabeta Smaranda Olarinde, FCAI, FCArb (Lawlexis International, Lagos, 2023)","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Sustainable Development Law and Policy (The)","topic":"Legal Studies and Policies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"International Development Research Centre; Australian Government; UNICEF","keywords":"Honour; Sociology; Law; International law; Social science; Political science","authors":[{"name":"Adaora Osondu-Oti","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ifeoluwa A. Olubiyi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Afolalu Sunday Adeniran","is_ca":false},{"name":"Omolola Olarinde-Olomola","is_ca":false},{"name":"Abraham Adeniran","is_ca":false},{"name":"Adetola Adesina","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0198356104790065,"gpt":0.3264632609355582,"spread":0.3066276504565517,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002964203,0.0001454165,0.0003215342,0.0002345429,0.0005019467,0.0002198175,0.0004138981,0.00009135839,0.00003132367],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001651013,0.00009147685,0.00006541069,0.0005767738,0.000435726,0.0005442485,0.0001699117,0.0003878337,0.000002847147],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003236233,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001216911,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1079128,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02297886,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981143,0.0003071485,0.0006382564,0.0001111497,0.000422575,0.00040651],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991009,0.0002858141,0.0002047502,0.00008282709,0.0002496999,0.00007605846],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001023505,0.00007262283,0.004182066,0.0001451024,0.0001480741,0.0001328594,0.1507418,0.00001336293,0.00001115629,0.8335369,0.009992858,0.0009209116],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004003418,0.00003443384,0.004348628,0.0002021886,0.000008566598,0.000005635272,0.06336186,0.000003280625,0.00008869842,0.007620185,0.9238125,0.0001137034],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5732195,0.02170453,0.000006770283,0.1332509,0.0007338412,0.0006781745,0.00001067182,0.00001969786,0.270376],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9828499,0.002701324,0.00003127085,0.001444169,0.0004377103,0.0000120538,0.00000157706,0.00001075573,0.01251123],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9138196,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9948492,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}