{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":4,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":4,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"586890214e88","filters":{"venue":"Knowledge, technology & policy/Knowledge in society/Knowledge, technology, & policy"}},"results":[{"id":"W1994852622","doi":"10.1007/s12130-002-1020-2","title":"Canadian bulk water exports: Analyzing the sun belt conflict using the graph model for conflict resolution","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Knowledge, technology & policy/Knowledge in society/Knowledge, technology, & policy","topic":"Global Energy Security and Policy","field":"Energy","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Wilfrid Laurier University; University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Conflict resolution; Conflict analysis; Graph; International conflict; Resolution (logic); Political science; Computer science; Econometrics; Mathematics; Artificial intelligence; Theoretical computer science; Law; Politics","authors":[{"name":"Amer Obeidi","is_ca":true},{"name":"Keith W. Hipel","is_ca":true},{"name":"D. Marc Kilgour","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03939725591001294,"gpt":0.3126009379129703,"spread":0.2732036820029574,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","open_science","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.002328211,0.002488139,0.002423345,0.007694442,0.004280793,0.0003323316,0.00626361,0.006112386,0.0001456725],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001661372,0.001919758,0.001823045,0.01508548,0.007237312,0.000603464,0.002247906,0.004486633,0.0007298389],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.005769292,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003138534,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.09664516,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.4803828,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9865157,0.0005989574,0.002876598,0.002764206,0.0004444073,0.006800155],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.991057,0.0007334668,0.0007827369,0.004658977,0.001836887,0.0009308815],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000511258,0.001327732,0.0004588227,0.0002506243,0.000970765,0.0000190582,0.03578586,0.003393299,0.002950402,0.8869878,0.04533382,0.02247068],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003123638,0.0002569314,0.00004810844,0.0003494898,0.0004188779,0.0003163975,0.005023193,0.1152931,0.007195724,0.06100099,0.8048084,0.002165147],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3197378,0.1871201,0.002782378,0.1757336,0.004543838,0.01054277,0.001202052,0.01059237,0.2877451],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9718359,0.004820392,0.001130652,0.001622942,0.003049463,0.002210315,0.0001658835,0.0005600106,0.01460442],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8259868,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999113,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2030748519","doi":"10.1007/s12130-004-1012-5","title":"Evolutionary theory in the administrative sciences: Introduction","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Knowledge, technology & policy/Knowledge in society/Knowledge, technology, & policy","topic":"Economic Theory and Institutions","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Institute on Governance","funders":"","keywords":"Variation (astronomy); Darwinism; Generative grammar; Context (archaeology); Meaning (existential); Selection (genetic algorithm); Population; Epistemology; Replication (statistics); Computer science; Cognitive science; Sociology; Artificial intelligence; Psychology; Biology","authors":[{"name":"Martin de Jong","is_ca":true},{"name":"Haiko van der Voort","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03613961837912501,"gpt":0.3201896979825423,"spread":0.2840500796034173,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["sts","research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.004456482,0.001259562,0.001770037,0.008443314,0.001701831,0.0001630188,0.004340667,0.002837019,0.0001512938],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002891399,0.001298256,0.0007554629,0.01860109,0.01125172,0.0009888881,0.001281208,0.00342422,0.0039571],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.004905972,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003415884,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000376069,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002994906,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9916143,0.0003385414,0.002704734,0.002595973,0.0001096906,0.002636801],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9955556,0.0005704917,0.0009044451,0.002391223,0.0003476184,0.0002306529],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000331456,0.002877938,0.004345374,0.0001005072,0.0001586098,0.000009983583,0.01326443,0.0001055784,0.0001389868,0.9683455,0.005553132,0.005066858],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00247933,0.0004658271,0.001997364,0.000198054,0.00003240414,0.0002520687,0.0151057,0.0002110378,0.001043277,0.7750064,0.2020903,0.001118204],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.394655,0.07526372,0.002014216,0.08634209,0.00310851,0.003389262,0.0004228658,0.002522168,0.4322822],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.988036,0.002133586,0.001694865,0.0005150286,0.002626371,0.001355471,0.00004548865,0.0001378512,0.003455311],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.593381,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995978,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4237191073","doi":"10.1007/s12130-003-1008-6","title":"Book notes","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Knowledge, technology & policy/Knowledge in society/Knowledge, technology, & policy","topic":"","field":"","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Ilan Alon","is_ca":false},{"name":"Richard C. Woodbridge","is_ca":false},{"name":"Tony Diana","is_ca":false},{"name":"Scott Erickson","is_ca":false},{"name":"Richard Smith","is_ca":true},{"name":"David Wood","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0163627234328447,"gpt":0.336500695609576,"spread":0.3201379721767313,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","bibliometrics","sts","open_science","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["metaepi_narrow","bibliometrics","sts","research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.004747807,0.006185376,0.006576655,0.02821171,0.002919281,0.0004575257,0.01086562,0.01453968,0.0009100428],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01540051,0.006933795,0.003223524,0.06495647,0.01817312,0.001764163,0.006258178,0.01169085,0.045658],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01302388,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01352742,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006108522,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006356799,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9710559,0.0018067,0.006187071,0.007572825,0.001140657,0.01223688],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9794002,0.002368619,0.002229505,0.009998191,0.004064791,0.001938698],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001446214,0.01347048,0.01515044,0.001010212,0.001778224,0.000140537,0.0150214,0.00002608926,0.02149032,0.5314839,0.3521,0.04818371],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.009167152,0.0009073276,0.0007626178,0.001143984,0.0004914896,0.001098287,0.007087972,0.0005925036,0.0720647,0.07805342,0.8229215,0.005709068],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1188182,0.3982657,0.0009351954,0.02857487,0.004507846,0.008980516,0.0007414808,0.03388902,0.4052872],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9256847,0.008795539,0.006167818,0.001869869,0.003973445,0.005893423,0.0001729762,0.002958666,0.04448356],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8068665,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9983788,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4241438178","doi":"10.1007/s12130-003-1019-3","title":"Book notes","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Knowledge, technology & policy/Knowledge in society/Knowledge, technology, & policy","topic":"Sustainable Industrial Ecology","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Philosophy","authors":[{"name":"Del Meyer","is_ca":false},{"name":"Pierre Desrochers","is_ca":true},{"name":"David Clarke","is_ca":false},{"name":"Paul E. Ceruzzi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Eric Nelson","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kevin Sylwester","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01177559363817157,"gpt":0.2920192512019912,"spread":0.2802436575638196,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","bibliometrics","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["metaepi_narrow","bibliometrics","research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.002065905,0.003241682,0.003782512,0.01399157,0.001190395,0.0002027983,0.005132003,0.0111805,0.0005134963],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007530525,0.003787561,0.001383284,0.02973494,0.006333197,0.0008627383,0.002291095,0.007648436,0.004934808],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01068363,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00683988,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002445425,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00253228,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9848863,0.0006312073,0.003492402,0.003227226,0.0004424879,0.007320347],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9906654,0.001588576,0.0006260016,0.004531964,0.00163763,0.0009504752],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008301305,0.005913841,0.007157966,0.001704918,0.002069511,0.0002287789,0.01296377,0.0009487244,0.006138544,0.4625774,0.3738111,0.1264024],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005950059,0.000555813,0.0002803688,0.0004781427,0.0002365915,0.0005654592,0.007200469,0.002939173,0.03167479,0.04590433,0.9007221,0.003492698],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.165566,0.349416,0.001780419,0.02428731,0.008047285,0.007505309,0.0002219101,0.03311497,0.4100608],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9616667,0.007587896,0.002316264,0.00079368,0.003135404,0.003431275,0.00005547795,0.001236001,0.01977732],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7961007,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9987904,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}