{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":66,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":66,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"query_hash":"50173eec48bc","filters":{"venue":"Light Science & Applications"}},"results":[{"id":"W2114579353","doi":"10.1038/lsa.2014.48","title":"Generating optical orbital angular momentum at visible wavelengths using a plasmonic metasurface","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Light Science & Applications","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":835,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency; Canada Excellence Research Chairs, Government of Canada","keywords":"Angular momentum; Orbital angular momentum of light; Physics; Angular momentum of light; Orbital angular momentum multiplexing; Angular momentum coupling; Plasmon; Total angular momentum quantum number; Azimuthal quantum number; Optics; Orbital motion; Quantum mechanics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009589100050033082,"gpt":0.2546483546755474,"spread":0.2450592546255143,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004404225,0.0001980347,0.0001908718,0.0001118349,0.001008678,0.0002154466,0.0005306581,0.00003530681,0.0001552416],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001520321,0.0001863527,0.00009348243,0.0008533729,0.0003237816,0.0003074099,0.0002930404,0.0001399025,0.0002392991],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001614636,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001445331,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002388589,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001633179,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980564,0.00002247757,0.0003111359,0.0005618282,0.0004982666,0.0005499317],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988472,0.00005672297,0.0001326174,0.0006110366,0.000121938,0.0002304343],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002411905,0.0002588502,0.002138702,0.0000115356,0.00002459565,5.814728e-7,0.0001785876,0.01371001,0.7571027,0.2244427,0.0001091756,0.002020119],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003400529,0.00005920903,0.0002360803,0.00001629446,0.00007366402,0.000006021063,0.0001931755,0.4935513,0.4817925,0.006347027,0.01687919,0.0005054448],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8488389,0.00004123742,0.1390531,0.0003635016,0.0001037641,0.0004076701,0.00001824584,0.00006258721,0.01111096],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.934958,3.116965e-7,0.06418701,0.00004357451,0.0001845578,0.000133289,0.00001743901,0.00002169647,0.0004540672],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4798413,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7758038,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2749109634","doi":"10.1038/lsa.2017.146","title":"Twisted photons: new quantum perspectives in high dimensions","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Light Science & Applications","topic":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":585,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Quantum information; Qubit; Quantum; Photon; Field (mathematics); Quantum information science; ENCODE; Quantum entanglement","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01978635129420065,"gpt":0.2866596510270666,"spread":0.266873299732866,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003771994,0.000132701,0.000132377,0.000485047,0.001588234,0.0008109028,0.003198564,0.00004480319,0.0000263003],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008080719,0.0001195525,0.00006120014,0.00151906,0.0005388722,0.002060071,0.0003287726,0.0001450873,0.0002524414],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006930727,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004633151,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002378184,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006208686,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983809,0.0000143536,0.0002706241,0.0005081553,0.0004491933,0.0003767629],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9974274,0.00003698564,0.0002143839,0.001910675,0.0001670943,0.0002434792],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[8.844698e-7,0.00007327001,0.0006543472,0.000001632632,0.000001254885,5.49465e-7,0.001194112,0.00003008504,0.00334665,0.9922519,0.000374486,0.002070847],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001681413,0.0001355707,0.2735235,0.00008824904,0.00001463772,0.00002121,0.002081662,0.1282424,0.02757018,0.4094307,0.1560275,0.001183068],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.07511593,0.000213348,0.8624802,0.02605093,0.0003834744,0.001129552,0.00000732154,0.0004792478,0.03414001],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9739124,0.0000210402,0.0253942,0.0003546206,0.00003141012,0.0001720244,0.000001396396,0.000004473794,0.0001084267],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8987965,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997116,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3010364311","doi":"10.1038/s41377-020-0264-5","title":"Ultrafast and broadband photodetectors based on a perovskite/organic bulk heterojunction for large-dynamic-range imaging","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Light Science & Applications","topic":"Perovskite Materials and Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":567,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Ministry of Education and Child Care","funders":"Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences; People's Government of Jilin Province; Education Department of Jilin Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai","keywords":"Photodetector; Materials science; Ultrashort pulse; Optoelectronics; Heterojunction; Perovskite (structure); Broadband; Dynamic range; Wide dynamic range; Optics; Physics; Laser; Chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.005854791917681938,"gpt":0.2135203967558048,"spread":0.2076656048381228,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001502666,0.0001769993,0.0001426167,0.0001167116,0.0005049268,0.000205214,0.0002849096,0.00003979782,0.00004251609],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002097993,0.0001727866,0.00004564745,0.0006768084,0.00009737177,0.000178697,0.00002444547,0.00008741347,0.00003874605],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007320319,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003911689,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002890025,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008806493,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988003,0.000006440433,0.0002027701,0.0004604407,0.0001897576,0.0003403239],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993278,0.0000466293,0.00004207735,0.000318187,0.00006450071,0.0002008329],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000644458,0.00003753149,0.0001821731,0.00005274177,0.000002531574,1.080426e-7,0.0001670862,0.002167405,0.9959401,0.0003652915,0.00009589628,0.0009826748],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005751921,0.00005191174,0.002529849,0.00001974242,0.00002663441,0.000002123468,0.00006622037,0.7261652,0.2192372,0.0001327661,0.05085794,0.0003351469],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4604109,0.00008168185,0.5327393,0.003468801,0.000116583,0.001494154,0.0002590435,0.0006521785,0.0007773554],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9966839,0.00001088226,0.001404239,0.0005972733,0.00009182711,0.001132293,0.00003415402,0.0000347854,0.00001064377],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7767029,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7046031,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2791405330","doi":"10.1038/lsa.2017.158","title":"Giant intrinsic chiro-optical activity in planar dielectric nanostructures","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Light Science & Applications","topic":"Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":374,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative; Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan; King Abdullah University of Science and Technology; National Research Foundation; Harvard University; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Metamaterial; Multipole expansion; Circular dichroism; Circular polarization; Chirality (physics); Dielectric; Planar; Nanophotonics; Photonic metamaterial; Spintronics; Photonics; Polarization (electrochemistry); Excitation; Materials science; Optics; Physics; Optoelectronics; Condensed matter physics; Symmetry breaking; Chemistry; Spontaneous symmetry breaking; Quantum mechanics; Crystallography; Microstrip","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01617427792872194,"gpt":0.2819813136324543,"spread":0.2658070357037323,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009459038,0.0001903728,0.0002744922,0.0002114432,0.001890142,0.0006891735,0.001866866,0.00008243344,0.0001434465],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001783788,0.0001564889,0.00004866688,0.0005898037,0.0007957983,0.0005548677,0.000182753,0.0001460517,0.0003831315],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009364859,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002878497,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001439513,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001611775,"domain_scores_codex":[0.997814,0.00003425122,0.0003192287,0.0007653109,0.0004844362,0.0005827628],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976714,0.00005804042,0.0002889484,0.001664816,0.00009659062,0.0002201515],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007773151,0.00008181565,0.0003472081,0.000007709448,9.196798e-7,8.518367e-7,0.00004387656,0.00001618509,0.9508839,0.04237627,0.00005227356,0.006181185],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001725761,0.00002144727,0.1074559,0.000008008318,0.00001127384,0.000004566713,0.000009509747,0.0001874378,0.8759364,0.00457,0.01142943,0.0001933816],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.985654,0.00006317141,0.003578265,0.002704095,0.000235002,0.0007933651,0.00003660421,0.00008064546,0.006854873],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9905908,0.00002424095,0.008471397,0.0001001447,0.0001036102,0.0006076769,0.000003674585,0.00001226336,0.00008618903],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1071087,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994093,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2626954648","doi":"10.1038/lsa.2017.100","title":"Integrated sources of photon quantum states based on nonlinear optics","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Light Science & Applications","topic":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":350,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Australian Research Council; European Commission","keywords":"Quantum technology; Quantum imaging; Quantum entanglement; Quantum computer; Quantum sensor; Quantum optics; Qubit; Photonics; Quantum network; Computer science; Quantum information science; Physics; Quantum; Electronic engineering; Open quantum system; Quantum mechanics; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04501766031515654,"gpt":0.3355452167829781,"spread":0.2905275564678216,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","open_science"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008431685,0.0003648389,0.0007516752,0.001103961,0.00116389,0.0005723371,0.005731423,0.0001517801,0.00001144693],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006519759,0.0002685114,0.000348626,0.00283829,0.0007623677,0.0005720792,0.0004062223,0.0003263028,0.0001414982],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000639709,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001452431,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009714526,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001613708,"domain_scores_codex":[0.997213,0.0000473484,0.0008111097,0.0006366774,0.0008905929,0.0004012786],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9956082,0.0001766018,0.00115566,0.002420808,0.000428646,0.0002101117],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001356316,0.0002417505,0.000002862598,0.001344066,0.00001298772,7.728783e-7,0.0001901002,0.0001194739,0.000004989447,0.1730647,0.0001814832,0.8248355],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006234336,0.00005973441,0.000001385603,0.001014214,0.0000328011,0.000002192284,0.00001391715,0.1775825,0.0001772264,0.001397546,0.8194039,0.0002522864],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.00001149917,0.3638557,0.6137888,0.0005497747,0.0004091774,0.002615105,0.0002508903,0.000449063,0.01806999],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0004168593,0.9105979,0.08666054,0.0004931505,0.0001201831,0.00133641,0.0002397458,0.00004475073,0.00009050277],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8245832,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999767,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2616585596","doi":"10.1038/lsa.2016.259","title":"Generation of wavelength-independent subwavelength Bessel beams using metasurfaces","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Light Science & Applications","topic":"Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":317,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative; Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan; Charles Stark Draper Laboratory; Harvard University; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Bessel function; Optics; Bessel beam; Prism; Aperture (computer memory); Conical surface; Wavelength; Physics; Numerical aperture; Transverse plane; Angular aperture; Materials science; Lens (geology); Focal length; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06475605670851249,"gpt":0.30277387439609,"spread":0.2380178176875776,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001866813,0.0002221526,0.0003392766,0.0002070563,0.0007260969,0.0001400666,0.001012599,0.00008025665,0.000305498],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008346039,0.0001497768,0.00008450078,0.0009694818,0.0006223443,0.0006401721,0.0001466726,0.00005073907,0.0002042792],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011679,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003940784,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006431746,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001720109,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9970814,0.0000750483,0.0007008449,0.0007868691,0.0008621538,0.000493678],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.997626,0.00008885848,0.0004932995,0.001069308,0.0005091488,0.0002133486],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000296006,0.0001035565,0.00008647724,0.00001225891,0.000004164885,1.024497e-7,0.00006245731,0.0002342774,0.9794327,0.017601,0.00004126148,0.002418755],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002063036,0.00002412157,0.0004366731,0.00002090909,0.00004933948,0.000004066906,0.0000390452,0.002084623,0.9861241,0.00107604,0.009718552,0.0002162451],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8759886,0.0001363675,0.1215665,0.0006181463,0.0002572468,0.0007346057,0.0001281154,0.00008193673,0.0004884683],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9202457,0.00005012649,0.07906138,0.00004749422,0.0001019694,0.0003247957,0.000007260991,0.00001996941,0.0001413122],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04425706,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6107721,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3042386487","doi":"10.1038/s41377-020-00366-9","title":"Transparent inorganic multicolour displays enabled by zinc-based electrochromic devices","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Light Science & Applications","topic":"Transition Metal Oxide Nanomaterials","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":231,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Alberta Innovates; Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Electrochromism; Electrochromic devices; Materials science; Optoelectronics; Transparency (behavior); Nanotechnology; Electrode; Computer science; Chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01559285845554705,"gpt":0.2546672693222335,"spread":0.2390744108666865,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000461607,0.0002443317,0.0003079006,0.0001054101,0.0006270297,0.0003353846,0.001246205,0.000076517,0.0008038979],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004145913,0.0002197585,0.0000731149,0.001415565,0.0003961266,0.0005044598,0.00004088715,0.00009730524,0.001218372],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001330043,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004653897,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002289524,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002062791,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9973134,0.00007382197,0.0005113584,0.0008725799,0.0006247844,0.0006039869],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986942,0.00007762702,0.0001957405,0.0004779596,0.0001417121,0.0004127482],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001829294,0.0001103163,0.00009140732,0.0000359304,0.00000182964,6.276235e-7,0.0001305797,0.0002779526,0.9981645,0.0008660368,0.000251518,0.00005099079],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004524131,0.00007725006,0.001178494,0.00001123523,0.00003628761,0.000001597181,0.00002731958,0.001568974,0.9838234,0.00009246784,0.01246142,0.0002691914],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8648459,0.0001321788,0.1231912,0.009599523,0.0001175357,0.001179555,0.0001995264,0.0004273421,0.0003072784],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9900639,0.000003727183,0.006920645,0.002270375,0.00008043821,0.0005787874,0.00003815553,0.0000245087,0.00001943407],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1252181,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995593,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2809915624","doi":"10.1038/s41377-018-0030-0","title":"Single-shot BOTDA based on an optical chirp chain probe wave for distributed ultrafast measurement","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Light Science & Applications","topic":"Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":224,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"National Key Scientific Instrument and Equipment Development Projects of China; Harbin Institute of Technology; Harbin University of Science and Technology; National Natural Science Foundation of China; University of Ottawa; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Brillouin zone; Brillouin scattering; Chirp; Optics; Ultrashort pulse; Materials science; Optical fiber; Physics; Laser","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04128768581665066,"gpt":0.2629025843598204,"spread":0.2216148985431697,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003872364,0.0001895767,0.0001395711,0.0001305767,0.0004274779,0.00008998692,0.0004057082,0.00006287659,0.00001455076],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001110639,0.0001794404,0.00004344415,0.0008739239,0.0004245282,0.0001868018,0.00001559825,0.0001071414,0.00004074688],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003367511,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008670941,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":9.045986e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001147001,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982018,0.000007574386,0.0002397494,0.0005026522,0.0005414002,0.0005068161],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986198,0.00005609807,0.00004315735,0.0007061255,0.0003161742,0.0002586466],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001912924,0.0003776048,0.00002427106,0.00002693542,0.000006499931,4.746205e-7,0.0001981964,0.03606177,0.9439623,0.01325155,0.0001408027,0.005930498],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003262693,0.0002506259,0.0005100091,0.00002600752,0.00001506831,0.000002160675,0.00005308955,0.4058824,0.5701872,0.0006156124,0.02183196,0.000299596],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.01173239,0.000005963823,0.9809879,0.0008169782,0.0001247539,0.001328148,0.00007224215,0.0004318456,0.004499773],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9250212,3.137958e-7,0.0737602,0.0001299712,0.0001862743,0.0008197199,0.00003905241,0.00003025011,0.00001296235],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9132889,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7317366,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4281758534","doi":"10.1038/s41377-022-00865-x","title":"Electron–phonon coupling-assisted universal red luminescence of o-phenylenediamine-based carbon dots","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Light Science & Applications","topic":"Carbon and Quantum Dots Applications","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":211,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Ministry of Education and Child Care","funders":"Nanjing University; Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Photoluminescence; Materials science; Luminescence; Quantum dot; Molecule; Carbon fibers; Spectroscopy; Emission spectrum; Polymer; Spectral line; Chemical physics; Nanotechnology; Optoelectronics; Chemistry; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009523168734645416,"gpt":0.2426287020466207,"spread":0.2331055333119753,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000750752,0.0001969131,0.0002466797,0.0003717998,0.0009806913,0.00006433299,0.001426591,0.00004569747,0.0002396132],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003636843,0.0002076248,0.00008416146,0.003243966,0.0006971704,0.0001482091,0.00022365,0.0001870848,0.00002169663],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003771992,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001090365,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001881945,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004028991,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9972897,0.0000362523,0.0004524397,0.0007894328,0.0009092514,0.0005229532],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979704,0.0001059192,0.0003614039,0.001087754,0.0002765645,0.0001979389],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002324238,0.0002715856,0.000440688,0.00001345373,0.000001518912,7.182624e-7,0.000064336,0.001562411,0.9840515,0.01335888,0.0001020684,0.0001095882],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005945205,0.0001568657,0.004285336,0.00001319904,0.00004127877,0.00000784536,0.0001730244,0.0366275,0.9356161,0.0005603585,0.0215322,0.0003917356],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9785134,0.0001227609,0.009253942,0.003439358,0.0002683355,0.001330713,0.0001161187,0.0003200579,0.006635349],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9959484,0.000003983188,0.002508004,0.0001518381,0.00005632761,0.001104837,0.00003570163,0.0000206303,0.0001702936],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04843538,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8466694,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2621047161","doi":"10.1038/lsa.2016.278","title":"Non-interferometric photoacoustic remote sensing microscopy","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Light Science & Applications","topic":"Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging","field":"Engineering","cited_by":206,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Illumisonics (Canada); University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Alberta Innovates; Killam Trusts; Alberta Innovates - Health Solutions; Ministry of Advanced Education, Government of Alberta; University of Alberta; Cancer Research Institute","keywords":"Optics; Materials science; Refractive index; Interferometry; Microscopy; Microscope; White light interferometry; Photoacoustic Doppler effect; Photoacoustic effect; Optoelectronics; Laser; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00884819890694181,"gpt":0.263832268313724,"spread":0.2549840694067822,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002480183,0.0001491169,0.0001378941,0.000291569,0.001294605,0.0004528701,0.0009171226,0.0000412243,0.0000153188],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007444537,0.0001493405,0.00004289804,0.000690377,0.0003936168,0.0003092748,0.00007614235,0.0001706719,0.0001593279],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001441942,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009626844,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004625001,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004416952,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998773,0.000002299587,0.0001802302,0.0003401537,0.0002473406,0.0004570198],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985809,0.00003812278,0.00006736827,0.001065668,0.00009237348,0.0001555181],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[7.917798e-7,0.000008717251,0.00005651944,0.00002329698,0.000004294273,0.000001874005,0.0000922555,0.001440519,0.9803928,0.00004648775,0.0003651221,0.01756732],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001446589,0.000007243352,0.001770073,0.00004644466,0.00002268541,0.00001901164,0.00004356413,0.646956,0.3441529,0.000461355,0.00613372,0.0002423555],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.05509293,0.0000634522,0.9182683,0.0002151614,0.0003700736,0.0003464505,0.00001009973,0.0002616455,0.02537193],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.969237,0.00001388629,0.03036621,0.00007832015,0.0000918111,0.000009537296,0.000001756229,0.00002230532,0.0001791973],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.914144,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9957185,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2810134571","doi":"10.1038/s41377-018-0040-y","title":"In situ plasmonic optical fiber detection of the state of charge of supercapacitors for renewable energy storage","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Light Science & Applications","topic":"Conducting polymers and applications","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":188,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada; Carleton University","funders":"Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Materials science; Supercapacitor; Optoelectronics; Optical fiber; Plasmon; Fiber optic sensor; Electrode; Fiber; Energy storage; Transmission (telecommunications); Nanotechnology; Capacitance; Computer science; Telecommunications; Power (physics); Chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01295189019815986,"gpt":0.2531973945818619,"spread":0.2402455043837021,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004106768,0.00007239589,0.0001376514,0.0001177678,0.0002110655,0.00001346454,0.000529398,0.00003144647,0.00005132363],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004683254,0.00005558183,0.00004937169,0.001080161,0.0010084,0.0001532293,0.00006969534,0.00003344808,0.000006823659],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004040476,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001832557,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004658443,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004676136,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989444,0.00001509349,0.0003323815,0.0002669151,0.0002366503,0.0002045441],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989762,0.00008496871,0.0001946898,0.0005026227,0.0001970188,0.00004453014],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005347502,0.00007315229,0.00002258905,0.00001056365,7.609609e-7,4.7922e-9,0.0002183748,0.0001191957,0.9968761,0.001968457,0.00003926861,0.0006662511],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009960055,0.00004607757,0.000292002,0.00001249469,0.000007016847,5.690999e-7,0.00004467282,0.0004248104,0.9931151,0.001573803,0.004326564,0.00005724228],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9864497,0.00002157574,0.01178343,0.0002763155,0.0001183805,0.0003449951,0.00003949666,0.000011044,0.0009551266],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976799,0.00000179809,0.001488721,0.00001964588,0.0000379408,0.0002844333,8.25696e-7,0.000006020347,0.0004807445],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01123023,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3715491,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3207852440","doi":"10.1038/s41377-022-00779-8","title":"High-performance polarization management devices based on thin-film lithium niobate","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Light Science & Applications","topic":"Photorefractive and Nonlinear Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":168,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; Guangdong Provincial Pearl River Talents Program; Sun Yat-sen University; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Lithium niobate; Polarization (electrochemistry); Photonics; Materials science; Optoelectronics; Extinction ratio; Computer science; Thin film; Optics; Physics; Nanotechnology; Chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00697730427693574,"gpt":0.2410958274272338,"spread":0.234118523150298,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002572926,0.0001016667,0.00007442034,0.0001472318,0.001206998,0.00007947048,0.0004992159,0.000009919358,0.000356692],"category_scores_gemma":[9.631087e-7,0.00009684383,0.00002862871,0.001075284,0.00008012958,0.0002097385,0.0001095179,0.0001442607,0.00009110862],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007232927,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001106185,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002873755,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.942895e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988734,0.00001828069,0.0001403898,0.0003308183,0.0004156681,0.0002214184],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993258,0.00002377141,0.0001064487,0.0004138343,0.00006309163,0.00006703734],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009373137,0.00374377,0.08330683,0.00007781894,0.00007096319,0.000001455525,0.0005961746,0.3795537,0.04952799,0.4619607,0.003143349,0.01792355],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005497418,0.0001671696,0.0288225,0.0000172563,0.00004859977,2.933732e-7,0.0003745283,0.4126285,0.1333447,0.002729723,0.4208527,0.0004642635],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6888583,0.00001377043,0.1496042,0.002566493,0.000367076,0.00161574,0.000262931,0.0001665135,0.156545],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9929394,5.219634e-7,0.004519677,0.0004462467,0.00009235209,0.0006229545,0.00009082534,0.000009476218,0.001278532],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4592309,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9283378,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2476752347","doi":"10.1038/lsa.2016.126","title":"Broadband, sensitive and spectrally distinctive SnS2 nanosheet/PbS colloidal quantum dot hybrid photodetector","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Light Science & Applications","topic":"Quantum Dots Synthesis And Properties","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":151,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics; National Natural Science Foundation of China; College of Family Physicians of Canada","keywords":"Nanosheet; Photodetector; Broadband; Optoelectronics; Quantum dot; Materials science; Optics; Nanotechnology; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009717751334079695,"gpt":0.2258903648938911,"spread":0.2161726135598114,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006545843,0.0002305951,0.000248014,0.0001357866,0.00101485,0.0002855806,0.0005461118,0.00004359082,0.0002443675],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001449919,0.0001419649,0.00005511396,0.000443381,0.00160141,0.0005296906,0.0001513278,0.00007082689,0.0004812851],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001220508,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000273374,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007284229,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003619101,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977053,0.00006387501,0.000309118,0.0008567128,0.0005068465,0.0005581834],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986228,0.0002271378,0.0001604508,0.0005503696,0.0002269619,0.000212229],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003368786,0.0000511739,0.0001151149,0.000006942772,0.000002419562,0.000001954733,0.0001628743,0.000001404778,0.9904356,0.007009744,0.0002160844,0.001962999],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002107873,0.00009495262,0.003718182,0.00004073453,0.00001607595,0.00002506047,0.00009154064,0.000166521,0.9748415,0.002236841,0.01826986,0.0002878801],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9844946,0.0001293036,0.008138095,0.002475384,0.0001884665,0.0007313695,0.0001917801,0.0001627184,0.003488305],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997669,0.00003451818,0.001216049,0.0001917135,0.0001142959,0.0003282813,0.00000134055,0.0000178048,0.0004270302],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01805378,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7805508,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2884059540","doi":"10.1038/s41377-018-0044-7","title":"Single-shot real-time femtosecond imaging of temporal focusing","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Light Science & Applications","topic":"Advanced Optical Sensing Technologies","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":148,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering; University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; National Cancer Institute; U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Institutes of Health; East China Normal University; University of Ottawa","keywords":"Ultrashort pulse; Femtosecond; Optics; Laser; Time domain; Femtosecond pulse shaping; Wavefront; Physics; Computer science; Computer vision","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01538670132871241,"gpt":0.2811576249538747,"spread":0.2657709236251623,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001197113,0.00009297841,0.0001149129,0.0001087564,0.0003697888,0.00005548885,0.0004068106,0.00001692617,0.00008057176],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001401826,0.00008530628,0.00003356102,0.0008571959,0.001527913,0.0002432309,0.000125305,0.00006412452,0.00007659629],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003368152,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007125462,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003676962,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001752538,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990506,0.000004984714,0.0001893312,0.000315435,0.0001667081,0.0002728965],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991004,0.0000394404,0.0001272878,0.00049111,0.0001824431,0.00005927332],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001361434,0.00007568837,0.005458336,0.000001480303,0.000002016816,8.39651e-8,0.00005026931,0.0000100911,0.8967152,0.07394417,0.00006236886,0.02367896],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009166821,0.0000302011,0.001061766,0.00001669621,0.000008800969,6.48472e-7,0.0001268603,0.001852602,0.9231471,0.06573417,0.00776751,0.0001619563],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5046839,0.00001595337,0.2766359,0.002298664,0.00007670491,0.0005366048,0.00002356009,0.0003879911,0.2153408],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.914149,1.212787e-7,0.08562647,0.00001752753,0.0001006786,0.0000188327,0.000003600451,0.000007873375,0.00007583661],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4094652,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.562966,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2792217460","doi":"10.1038/lsa.2017.156","title":"Spiniform phase-encoded metagratings entangling arbitrary rational-order orbital angular momentum","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Light Science & Applications","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":119,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Division of Materials Research; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Materials Research and Engineering; Agency for Science, Technology and Research; National Research Foundation","keywords":"Quantum entanglement; Superposition principle; Angular momentum; Physics; Quantum; Phase (matter); Quantum mechanics; Optics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01159431408873559,"gpt":0.3006774013278475,"spread":0.2890830872391119,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003347557,0.0002078281,0.0001823035,0.000137334,0.002350122,0.001013983,0.001390265,0.00003280684,0.000362533],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002375156,0.0001910991,0.0001074421,0.0004773835,0.0005460579,0.001427413,0.0002972689,0.0001722061,0.0002135738],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000639988,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003109214,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005195365,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002943343,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981177,0.000008421137,0.0003451229,0.0005361416,0.0005545744,0.0004379884],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981769,0.00002459884,0.0003414421,0.001010714,0.0002481708,0.0001981965],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005522311,0.0008603349,0.00546069,0.0000125243,0.00004511067,0.000001982547,0.0004059773,0.00009213115,0.1282925,0.8601332,0.0005171822,0.004172922],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002621576,0.000219002,0.002875698,0.00006517109,0.0001948448,0.000007883961,0.001755397,0.02673831,0.6136522,0.2645562,0.0857762,0.001537525],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6148915,0.0001325991,0.1378614,0.006294292,0.0005695623,0.00194954,0.000234745,0.0002097321,0.2378567],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9797645,9.030163e-7,0.01815192,0.00008639263,0.0003712151,0.000481113,0.0000822924,0.00001876259,0.001042915],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5955769,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9989487,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2990127654","doi":"10.1038/s41377-020-0256-5","title":"Spin-preserving chiral photonic crystal mirror","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Light Science & Applications","topic":"Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":108,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada First Research Excellence Fund; Industry Canada; Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Circular dichroism; Photonic crystal; Physics; Optics; Chirality (physics); Metamaterial; Guided-mode resonance; Dichroism; Magnetic circular dichroism; Circular polarization; Optoelectronics; Symmetry breaking; Chemistry; Grating; Quantum mechanics; Crystallography; Diffraction grating; Spectral line","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03086154075203392,"gpt":0.2937165058653847,"spread":0.2628549651133508,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006827296,0.0002027408,0.0002524808,0.00008573591,0.001029219,0.0004078851,0.00177292,0.00005422537,0.001815239],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008821124,0.0001783081,0.00007992301,0.001444205,0.0004321113,0.0005028921,0.0003275187,0.0001058432,0.002153754],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005130003,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000310588,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004613227,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009688982,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974604,0.00003842848,0.0004463978,0.0008704438,0.0006142349,0.0005701549],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982242,0.00003524123,0.0002099343,0.0008906433,0.0001741618,0.0004658132],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004395837,0.00004595107,0.00004387657,0.00001822007,0.000001338157,2.934254e-7,0.0001723162,0.00005978308,0.986086,0.0130443,0.000382031,0.0001414757],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000143186,0.00002978902,0.0005075966,0.000006204401,0.00001848022,0.000002425333,0.0000729965,0.001572327,0.8183075,0.001274892,0.1778538,0.0002109009],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9526863,0.0001779887,0.02009639,0.01035984,0.0002275568,0.001453245,0.0001131452,0.0004343068,0.01445123],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9569425,0.000009891665,0.0404748,0.001253513,0.0001255239,0.0009486877,0.00001356692,0.00002196459,0.0002095465],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1774717,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9990972,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2857697602","doi":"10.1038/s41377-018-0034-9","title":"Experimental demonstration of tunable refractometer based on orbital angular momentum of longitudinally structured light","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Light Science & Applications","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":98,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico; Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo","keywords":"Refractometer; Angular momentum; Optics; Physics; Refractive index; Classical mechanics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00763071598985207,"gpt":0.2631057839833622,"spread":0.2554750679935101,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001735892,0.0001503924,0.0001729656,0.0002150347,0.0002422677,0.00005021241,0.000433954,0.00003433583,0.0003268191],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004657834,0.0001341151,0.00008217838,0.0009242912,0.0005249006,0.0002539936,0.00006511907,0.00007525401,0.00003091852],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005727459,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001772732,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002200546,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001161549,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998513,0.00001400911,0.000344033,0.0003647747,0.00050706,0.0002570961],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988088,0.00002262558,0.0002556793,0.0005558263,0.0002577118,0.00009936709],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001372117,0.0005139142,0.004783618,0.000008990241,0.00001179117,1.981692e-7,0.0001617106,0.00009890923,0.9524465,0.041564,0.00009281976,0.0003038449],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002320384,0.0002773068,0.002856239,0.00001737635,0.00001798474,3.54186e-7,0.00024541,0.002129028,0.9915308,0.001585943,0.0009684474,0.0001390201],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9398283,0.00002359438,0.02872377,0.000334328,0.0001209212,0.0006162472,0.00006253034,0.00002823576,0.03026213],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9935711,6.797149e-8,0.006011763,0.00002104361,0.0001171739,0.0001156387,0.0000242071,0.00001178156,0.0001272461],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05374283,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5469057,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2263028563","doi":"10.1038/lsa.2016.30","title":"Electrically driven, phosphor-free, white light-emitting diodes using gallium nitride-based double concentric truncated pyramid structures","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Light Science & Applications","topic":"GaN-based semiconductor devices and materials","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":89,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Institut interdisciplinaire d'innovation technologique; Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology; Ministry of Knowledge Economy; National Research Foundation","keywords":"Phosphor; Light-emitting diode; Electroluminescence; Materials science; Cathodoluminescence; Optoelectronics; Gallium nitride; Luminous efficacy; Diode; Indium gallium nitride; Photoluminescence; Optics; Nitride; Luminescence; Nanotechnology; Layer (electronics); Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01344188422990457,"gpt":0.2583981318365786,"spread":0.2449562476066741,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002942178,0.0003046919,0.0003150006,0.0001876907,0.0007871615,0.0003489046,0.001163541,0.00007117455,0.0003915813],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001948744,0.0002175925,0.0001225301,0.001673615,0.000303198,0.0003887877,0.0001069726,0.0001253698,0.00005225184],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001487328,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006608856,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001424281,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004902,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974692,0.00003019288,0.0005045965,0.0007669618,0.0004748431,0.0007541477],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979603,0.00008342507,0.000390462,0.0008963116,0.0003900443,0.0002794929],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001653207,0.00007687646,0.01355471,0.00001052586,0.00001296625,3.834475e-7,0.00004718045,0.0003989191,0.9692744,0.01507164,0.0002307356,0.001305136],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00112636,0.00003094759,0.001568189,0.00004440428,0.00005775362,8.498038e-7,0.00003721912,0.00146509,0.9772365,0.005482705,0.01254723,0.0004027707],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9441949,0.0001242753,0.05082084,0.001609136,0.0002390759,0.001047301,0.0001625107,0.0001709223,0.001631025],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9947246,0.000001288797,0.004418776,0.0001554583,0.0002988008,0.0002045152,0.0000223228,0.00003078992,0.0001434018],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05052973,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8873166,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2908992560","doi":"10.1038/s41377-019-0166-6","title":"Spatial sampling of terahertz fields with sub-wavelength accuracy via probe-beam encoding","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Light Science & Applications","topic":"Terahertz technology and applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":80,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Army Research Office; Canada Research Chairs; U.S. Department of Defense","keywords":"Terahertz radiation; Optics; Sampling (signal processing); Image resolution; Optoelectronics; Wavelength; SIGNAL (programming language); Pixel; Physics; Beam (structure); Materials science; Detector; Computer science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008602941801497378,"gpt":0.2300314285319834,"spread":0.221428486730486,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013571,0.0001385989,0.0001472484,0.0001824126,0.0001898739,0.00003646574,0.0005898619,0.00009371189,0.00005696692],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001002401,0.0001224288,0.00003248517,0.0008769298,0.0002075985,0.0002407734,0.00004977208,0.0002087698,0.0001280077],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004621275,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007048532,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001352857,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000240591,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989684,0.000003686669,0.0002134727,0.0003214239,0.0002041219,0.0002888757],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990439,0.00008232382,0.00007731562,0.0006378965,0.00009132095,0.00006719162],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004334386,0.00008680736,0.004576167,0.00005943858,0.0000130937,2.148085e-7,0.0002673877,0.002257332,0.8422236,0.01355965,0.00005354043,0.1368984],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002889963,0.00006194135,0.007113559,0.00005021157,0.00002227965,0.00001178944,0.00007483923,0.02767131,0.9085864,0.002553422,0.053185,0.0003802953],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.403373,0.00003433891,0.5899312,0.0004710443,0.00005487927,0.0008143125,0.000007169358,0.000406832,0.004907187],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9885329,0.000009255038,0.01080771,0.00004183772,0.00003570619,0.0005064177,0.000006758224,0.00001679024,0.00004265794],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5851598,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4992501,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3010563898","doi":"10.1038/s41377-020-0261-8","title":"Biologically inspired ultrathin arrayed camera for high-contrast and high-resolution imaging","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Light Science & Applications","topic":"Image Processing Techniques and Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":79,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Nexen (Canada)","funders":"National Research Foundation of Korea; National Research Foundation","keywords":"High resolution; High contrast; Contrast (vision); Computer science; Biological imaging; Superresolution; Optics; Remote sensing; Computer vision; Physics; Geology; Fluorescence","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01062361550109955,"gpt":0.235427385964989,"spread":0.2248037704638894,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001515855,0.0001341388,0.0001278018,0.00006680637,0.0005085961,0.0001615934,0.000376668,0.00004364096,0.000005427818],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003680888,0.0001238034,0.00002498774,0.00069427,0.0002855579,0.0002358041,0.00003370899,0.0001052288,0.00001127524],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004086659,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005031889,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001518195,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001776886,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989993,0.000004795142,0.000212396,0.0003868181,0.0001168948,0.0002798058],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994332,0.00003722239,0.00005094235,0.0002209137,0.0001118233,0.0001459207],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000040996,0.00003051554,0.0001073421,0.00003800526,0.000003343477,1.627975e-7,0.0001436017,0.0008360475,0.917789,0.05777391,0.0008862602,0.02238766],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007104171,0.0000837634,0.004210614,0.00003623446,0.000055559,0.000006812701,0.0001176897,0.4568195,0.4321667,0.03577117,0.06921193,0.000809678],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.00958927,0.0001711065,0.9782826,0.009755027,0.00002412202,0.0007460959,0.00005026645,0.0008828479,0.0004986133],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8724988,0.00002066762,0.1254336,0.0006626054,0.00009429299,0.00124373,0.00002598432,0.00001469747,0.000005596258],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8629096,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5048558,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4309403931","doi":"10.1038/s41377-022-01029-7","title":"Spectral control of nonclassical light pulses using an integrated thin-film lithium niobate modulator","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Light Science & Applications","topic":"Quantum optics and atomic interactions","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":78,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Army Research Office; U.S. Department of Energy; U.S. Department of Defense; Division of Electrical, Communications and Cyber Systems; Air Force Office of Scientific Research; Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency; Air Force Research Laboratory; Agency for Science, Technology and Research; National Science Foundation; Government of Canada; Harvard University","keywords":"Lithium niobate; Materials science; Optoelectronics; Optics; Lithium (medication); Electro-optic modulator; Thin film; Optical modulator; Physics; Phase modulation; Nanotechnology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01156845908736813,"gpt":0.270578404542001,"spread":0.2590099454546329,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000277164,0.0001442894,0.0001919397,0.0001721963,0.001087154,0.0001109022,0.000614005,0.00001965713,0.0005377263],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005120959,0.0001316102,0.0001010091,0.001011703,0.0002329276,0.0003193656,0.00009438014,0.0002849991,0.00001862717],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001124231,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004925931,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001532611,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003695576,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998531,0.0000421047,0.0003314256,0.0004100313,0.0003550116,0.0003304184],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989512,0.00003690057,0.0002002878,0.0004758785,0.0001836603,0.0001520836],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001686446,0.001112183,0.0022244,0.000004120322,0.000031171,6.247047e-7,0.0004755972,0.05275384,0.4014728,0.5407293,0.000212698,0.0009663285],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003419548,0.00008773292,0.0004535195,0.000008421021,0.00004768322,0.000003901437,0.0010599,0.8493219,0.0894135,0.008655933,0.0503503,0.0002552502],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6444933,0.00001452133,0.3431846,0.001749636,0.0003360041,0.000666307,0.0003702566,0.00006690692,0.009118502],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9963934,1.841604e-7,0.00285964,0.00008033171,0.0001594996,0.0002228915,0.00003008812,0.00001398897,0.0002399355],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.796568,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8361621,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3110395004","doi":"10.1038/s41377-020-00430-4","title":"Modulation of photocarrier relaxation dynamics in two-dimensional semiconductors","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Light Science & Applications","topic":"2D Materials and Applications","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":78,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Ministry of Education and Child Care","funders":"Government of Jiangsu Province; Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Semiconductor; Relaxation (psychology); Exciton; Heterojunction; Condensed matter physics; Coulomb; van der Waals force; Physics; Dephasing; Optoelectronics; Materials science; Quantum mechanics; Electron","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02599573446611176,"gpt":0.3304707166573053,"spread":0.3044749821911935,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006918464,0.0003278486,0.0008807237,0.0004131798,0.0002683581,0.000108962,0.001029813,0.0001419341,0.0001626033],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006736249,0.0002884305,0.0001539724,0.002541243,0.0004593485,0.0003301135,0.0001951573,0.0001974874,0.0002819],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005898501,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001093692,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008692891,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005111074,"domain_scores_codex":[0.99696,0.000078793,0.001088141,0.0009344604,0.0005865167,0.0003520399],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977748,0.0001123687,0.0009308462,0.0008187451,0.000197195,0.0001660649],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000116276,0.0005550419,0.00003911208,0.004501333,0.00001783083,0.000002594846,0.0002924331,0.003630027,0.5898049,0.1524142,0.0002600508,0.2484709],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003572431,0.00004425193,0.00003640798,0.002201396,0.000246883,0.00001879661,0.0000581465,0.01246305,0.02692766,0.006086017,0.9505352,0.001024973],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.014677,0.9527293,0.00674082,0.0009593274,0.001158938,0.01504508,0.002066728,0.0005535141,0.006069309],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.1789431,0.7528308,0.04350006,0.0003094191,0.001072141,0.02007553,0.002506618,0.0003678172,0.0003945624],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9502751,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999568,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391107765","doi":"10.1038/s41377-023-01346-5","title":"Operando monitoring of dendrite formation in lithium metal batteries via ultrasensitive tilted fiber Bragg grating sensors","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Light Science & Applications","topic":"Advanced Battery Materials and Technologies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":76,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"Guangzhou Municipal Science and Technology Project; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Fiber Bragg grating; Materials science; Dendrite (mathematics); Lithium metal; Lithium (medication); Metal; Fiber; Optoelectronics; Composite material; Chemistry; Metallurgy; Anode; Electrode; Medicine","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008255284725196644,"gpt":0.2410488332419662,"spread":0.2327935485167695,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001310198,0.0001027589,0.0001254509,0.0002412874,0.0001014301,0.00006590354,0.0001525896,0.00004017246,0.000009465031],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001629565,0.00009165288,0.00002365327,0.0008630123,0.0001407359,0.0006710873,0.00003061449,0.00009227055,0.000022858],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005496562,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001187465,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007285368,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003880679,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992388,0.000007376672,0.0002457429,0.0001817465,0.0001378715,0.0001884928],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996697,0.00005400521,0.0000272709,0.0001783154,0.00004709074,0.00002357694],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001017219,0.000005968845,0.00007532432,0.00006417344,0.000002895583,0.000001443238,0.0003502165,0.008143067,0.9868869,0.0004626481,0.000004178898,0.004002152],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005055571,0.000007290032,0.0007970583,0.00008530689,0.000005941471,0.00001035942,0.0002634907,0.01237671,0.9852869,0.0004886097,0.0005250424,0.0001027443],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9517335,0.0001478373,0.04663443,0.0001697199,0.0001562214,0.0002684689,0.00002261297,0.0004114857,0.0004557308],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9935434,0.00002016896,0.006206284,0.000004122694,0.00003539169,0.000150643,0.000005768442,0.00001132954,0.00002289504],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04180991,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3737496,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3010416666","doi":"10.1038/s41377-020-0260-9","title":"Direct molecular-level near-field plasmon and temperature assessment in a single plasmonic hotspot","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Light Science & Applications","topic":"Gold and Silver Nanoparticles Synthesis and Applications","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":76,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","keywords":"Plasmon; Raman spectroscopy; Surface plasmon resonance; Materials science; Monolayer; Nanoscopic scale; Surface plasmon; Near and far field; Optics; Nanotechnology; Optoelectronics; Physics; Nanoparticle","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01785736103064389,"gpt":0.2563886234665111,"spread":0.2385312624358673,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002582448,0.0001348141,0.0001652906,0.00005892193,0.0004277433,0.0003707384,0.0004486851,0.00005574917,0.00005458109],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000046179,0.0001174095,0.00003272597,0.001017081,0.000231206,0.0002221537,0.0001078123,0.0001245544,0.00006273552],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004911804,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002110113,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000273811,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002469209,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984944,0.00002536571,0.0002455933,0.000591867,0.0003131523,0.0003296103],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99924,0.00008829623,0.00007007852,0.0003243639,0.00005360947,0.000223683],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003866279,0.0001045398,0.0007210825,0.000007103396,7.048919e-7,0.000001086308,0.0001871814,0.0001686415,0.9914423,0.006477017,0.00009116429,0.000795271],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001560649,0.00005526708,0.00584579,0.00001535739,0.000007788936,0.000001650091,0.00009560904,0.001634321,0.986925,0.0002570744,0.004848028,0.0001580412],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9830638,0.00008229046,0.000871091,0.01231175,0.00002321216,0.0004390707,0.00002170604,0.00007610435,0.00311095],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9912797,0.00000776962,0.007152948,0.001114181,0.0000207694,0.0003943822,0.000002277239,0.000009199101,0.00001882809],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01119757,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4787822,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4289333531","doi":"10.1038/s41377-022-00935-0","title":"Single-shot compressed optical field topography","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Light Science & Applications","topic":"Laser-Matter Interactions and Applications","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":74,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Ultrashort pulse; Femtosecond; Optics; Physics; Laser; Femtosecond pulse shaping; Light field; Single shot","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01633693514553944,"gpt":0.2772462859691799,"spread":0.2609093508236405,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001107303,0.00009822242,0.00008917092,0.0001467073,0.001548598,0.0001463151,0.0006688674,0.00001054825,0.002456912],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000001786461,0.00009788846,0.00008298229,0.001297284,0.0001542071,0.0001685539,0.0001837153,0.0001895349,0.000111241],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003596433,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007997626,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005292307,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001966109,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988827,0.00001242605,0.0001889465,0.0003727994,0.0002863572,0.0002568247],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990991,0.00008142822,0.00007369803,0.0005510568,0.00007562478,0.0001191189],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007221607,0.002237877,0.006119732,0.000004958823,0.00002166869,4.140301e-7,0.0002309812,0.001638918,0.2889266,0.6664551,0.01657377,0.01778274],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001464393,0.00005399449,0.0007532454,0.000002505356,0.00001818606,0.000001996708,0.0004257663,0.001093906,0.1134665,0.009344377,0.874486,0.0002070842],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.09509374,0.00002211312,0.3614831,0.02380491,0.000327955,0.001471551,0.0002311874,0.0002626748,0.5173028],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9940252,1.14101e-7,0.002467125,0.0006753014,0.0001204783,0.002237496,0.00003910464,0.000008202221,0.0004270301],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8989314,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997513,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3198839693","doi":"10.1038/s41377-021-00621-7","title":"Single-step-fabricated disordered metasurfaces for enhanced light extraction from LEDs","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Light Science & Applications","topic":"Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":72,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; Wolfson Foundation; Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung; Solar Technologies go Hybrid; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; European Commission; Royal Society; Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council; Leverhulme Trust","keywords":"Light-emitting diode; Optoelectronics; Photon; Fabrication; Total internal reflection; Materials science; Photonics; Diode; Optics; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02672469842796531,"gpt":0.2937884528965938,"spread":0.2670637544686285,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008651507,0.0002935307,0.0004305983,0.000134918,0.001333668,0.0006218553,0.0009741176,0.0001171698,0.0008429298],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002146214,0.0002682292,0.0001410309,0.001724254,0.0003049527,0.0006629739,0.0001370142,0.00009491069,0.0005930609],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001176689,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000413785,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006573393,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008487584,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9966555,0.00008726869,0.0007018487,0.001300655,0.0006263686,0.0006283969],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.996948,0.0002416226,0.0004436613,0.001343001,0.0007545999,0.0002690991],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000116847,0.0003202234,0.00001158585,0.00001438836,0.000009114628,2.369777e-7,0.0001136277,0.0001554414,0.992169,0.004453288,0.0004133857,0.002328043],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002574665,0.00002322873,0.0001847339,0.0000110921,0.00008138717,0.000001648359,0.0001501426,0.0004971191,0.7530122,0.002681074,0.2428436,0.00025632],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5506721,0.00071801,0.4393468,0.003750976,0.0005687022,0.001431552,0.0003668191,0.0002951953,0.002849925],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8266424,0.00004345753,0.1693007,0.0002131156,0.0001371882,0.002781702,0.0001992412,0.00003510068,0.0006471182],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2759703,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999977,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2527348349","doi":"10.1038/lsa.2017.13","title":"Digital spiral object identification using random light","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Light Science & Applications","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":68,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; China Scholarship Council; Tsinghua University; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Physics; Angular momentum; Orbital angular momentum multiplexing; Photon; Optics; Quantum imaging; Noise (video); Orbital angular momentum of light; Computer science; Total angular momentum quantum number; Quantum; Artificial intelligence; Quantum information; Quantum mechanics; Quantum network","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01322039086581739,"gpt":0.2816195762372125,"spread":0.2683991853713951,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts","scholarly_communication"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002013312,0.0001193346,0.0001099373,0.00008683623,0.001879559,0.001463312,0.0009569601,0.00002139777,0.00005357478],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001574797,0.0001102654,0.00007971341,0.0002593053,0.0004161253,0.001142392,0.0001739142,0.000081385,0.0002788405],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004864291,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001378535,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001987642,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.287318e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987981,0.000004981499,0.0002227858,0.0003787384,0.0003164091,0.0002789327],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984807,0.00001347253,0.0002492954,0.001013062,0.0001308225,0.000112659],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000161631,0.0008530841,0.08741,0.00002448304,0.000047956,0.000001414673,0.0005994245,0.0005668786,0.5349345,0.3095137,0.0004986943,0.06553382],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002583243,0.00007278644,0.04059123,0.00007610435,0.0001728624,0.000006746541,0.0007735132,0.03375333,0.6430104,0.09537359,0.1819819,0.001604316],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4248347,0.0000462664,0.3156173,0.002599823,0.0005418089,0.001454236,0.0001097208,0.0001333096,0.2546628],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969546,2.498982e-7,0.001196211,0.00001610514,0.0002869258,0.0001278262,0.00001454363,0.00001101256,0.001392512],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5721199,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995733,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2916162179","doi":"10.1038/s41377-019-0142-1","title":"Optical force-induced nonlinearity and self-guiding of light in human red blood cell suspensions","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Light Science & Applications","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":67,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"Army Research Office; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China; 1000 Talents Sichuan Program; National Institutes of Health; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Osmotic pressure; Lysis; Nonlinear system; Photonics; Red blood cell; Materials science; Light scattering; Scattering; Biophysics; Chemistry; Optics; Nanotechnology; Physics; Optoelectronics; Biology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009891807288294035,"gpt":0.2537741707410653,"spread":0.2438823634527713,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002245635,0.0001062508,0.0001533992,0.0001284129,0.0002055787,0.00005116918,0.00031401,0.00003471139,0.00004231584],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000003740129,0.000100891,0.00003953598,0.0006594519,0.00009686207,0.0001593419,0.0001656367,0.0001054425,0.00002212222],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002262444,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009733209,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002838415,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004849359,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988991,0.000009980476,0.0002569969,0.0003513878,0.000223157,0.0002593497],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992498,0.00003634604,0.00009257949,0.0004218023,0.00009027889,0.0001092558],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[5.812505e-7,0.0004939495,0.02605148,0.000009939724,0.000003438625,1.918547e-7,0.0001546433,0.00001726057,0.8496956,0.1235104,0.000006433931,0.00005609696],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00049509,0.00008641835,0.007709107,0.00002323287,0.00003434614,8.709537e-7,0.0002841008,0.001984472,0.9818201,0.00640139,0.0009482414,0.000212613],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9600602,0.0000095254,0.0003800909,0.0004205651,0.00002772736,0.0004754045,0.000004912829,0.00002220048,0.03859941],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9936936,6.493174e-7,0.005954221,0.00001139896,0.00004416915,0.00005696336,0.000007028651,0.000008610295,0.0002233172],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1321245,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4114215,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4285085679","doi":"10.1038/s41377-022-00914-5","title":"Operando optical fiber monitoring of nanoscale and fast temperature changes during photo-electrocatalytic reactions","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Light Science & Applications","topic":"Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":67,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada; Carleton University","funders":"Guangdong Provincial Pearl River Talents Program; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Materials science; Optical fiber; Fiber Bragg grating; Optoelectronics; Thermal; Fiber; Optics; Catalysis; Narrowband; Coating; Nanoscopic scale; Nanotechnology; Composite material; Chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.005846684274642087,"gpt":0.2230005282214584,"spread":0.2171538439468163,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001036329,0.0001152618,0.0001279177,0.0001797437,0.0006197478,0.00002737132,0.0002719965,0.00003006862,0.00003664721],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000133626,0.0001211198,0.00002274295,0.001084681,0.0001749007,0.0001557587,0.0000879615,0.0002326574,0.000007816636],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001330041,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003393734,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003132908,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001537972,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989843,0.000005967976,0.0001595095,0.0002907043,0.0002787432,0.0002808098],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994339,0.00004286358,0.00003109239,0.0003401794,0.00004920076,0.0001027238],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000289362,0.00002150583,0.0001371895,0.00002416603,0.000004543119,4.697347e-7,0.0002158663,0.01723606,0.9815121,0.0003450237,0.000006730744,0.0004934623],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002225207,0.00002518442,0.002515489,0.00001495867,0.0000152561,0.00004454777,0.0004764298,0.001970148,0.9869901,0.00005977126,0.007481658,0.0001839438],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9956794,0.0002735602,0.0006399146,0.0002977971,0.0001020004,0.0004501806,0.00001555251,0.0001909405,0.002350686],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9943376,0.00003024337,0.004426348,0.000008006231,0.00005755769,0.0006360477,0.000003481522,0.00002109139,0.0004796277],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01526591,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4939122,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2054108186","doi":"10.1038/lsa.2012.28","title":"Conic hyperspectral dispersion mapping applied to semiconductor plasmonics","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Light Science & Applications","topic":"Plasmonic and Surface Plasmon Research","field":"Engineering","cited_by":65,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Institut interdisciplinaire d'innovation technologique; Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Surface plasmon; Plasmon; Hyperspectral imaging; Optics; Semiconductor; Materials science; Characterization (materials science); Nanophotonics; Dispersion (optics); Scattering; Optoelectronics; Computer science; Nanotechnology; Physics; Artificial intelligence","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01928799130388488,"gpt":0.2536654291601172,"spread":0.2343774378562323,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000403347,0.0001656893,0.0001506004,0.0002627756,0.0004010413,0.00009480178,0.0006562219,0.00007058577,0.00007536016],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001991467,0.0001589689,0.00004266434,0.001545616,0.0001679305,0.0003092978,0.00009515633,0.0002367335,0.001246901],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003132476,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001158386,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003783046,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002847442,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981176,0.000006286873,0.0001949146,0.0003178766,0.0004684107,0.0008949594],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988601,0.00006321572,0.00002074454,0.0004729923,0.00005380682,0.0005291159],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000298557,0.00006276902,0.001160357,0.00001981144,0.000008414871,2.62195e-7,0.0008028418,0.01395253,0.9603087,0.02073926,0.001723787,0.001218251],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000358932,0.00002389481,0.004566217,0.00002483696,0.00001657928,0.00001186093,0.001550233,0.07162405,0.4806672,0.0002854544,0.4400823,0.000788452],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9446007,0.0003027695,0.01629861,0.0007473885,0.0002283538,0.0008075502,0.00002127598,0.0004316508,0.03656171],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.977145,0.00002620017,0.02213302,0.0001003653,0.00003250767,0.0003523474,0.000006767072,0.00002250326,0.0001812676],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4796415,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995307,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1561718880","doi":"10.1038/lsa.2015.71","title":"Complete temporal characterization of a single photon","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Light Science & Applications","topic":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":63,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Canadian Institute for Advanced Research; University of Calgary","funders":"China Scholarship Council; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research","keywords":"Local oscillator; Photon; Homodyne detection; Autocorrelation; Heterodyne (poetry); Direct-conversion receiver; Heterodyne detection; Detector; Photon counting; Quantum information science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03056960807631938,"gpt":0.2506841895667949,"spread":0.2201145814904756,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003531489,0.00007416939,0.00009059677,0.0002957002,0.0001745976,0.0001472718,0.001061725,0.00002382864,0.000006549943],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001281701,0.00006750941,0.00003546698,0.002519885,0.0002287121,0.001100004,0.0001038023,0.00004030659,0.00008529177],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000326501,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002111286,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007344646,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001432237,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988682,0.00001233624,0.0002621242,0.0002182495,0.000462671,0.0001764192],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987401,0.00001006548,0.0001945868,0.0005528208,0.0003430098,0.0001594588],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001798712,0.000143773,0.0007410235,0.000007720581,0.000001463706,1.007438e-7,0.0009464165,0.00001840908,0.5624221,0.4316866,0.0001256451,0.003904971],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005992614,0.0002254365,0.008571,0.00002478594,0.000007257019,0.00001104822,0.0001770231,0.1180883,0.3367316,0.0224963,0.5126243,0.0004436427],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.04452212,0.0000065772,0.9426392,0.001229731,0.00009533286,0.0003098517,0.00001012407,0.000139883,0.01104721],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9753703,7.26089e-7,0.02413117,0.0003433575,0.00001720471,0.00009316368,0.0000194343,0.000002696928,0.0000219084],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9308482,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2752954,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3016960864","doi":"10.1038/s41377-020-0298-8","title":"Nonlinear increase, invisibility, and sign inversion of a localized fs-laser-induced refractive index change in crystals and glasses","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Light Science & Applications","topic":"Laser Material Processing Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":60,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université Laval; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Canada First Research Excellence Fund; Canada Excellence Research Chairs, Government of Canada; Canada Foundation for Innovation; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Government of Canada","keywords":"Refractive index; Laser; Optics; Femtosecond; Materials science; Photonics; Waveguide; Wavelength; Optoelectronics; Photonic integrated circuit; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02452898113640006,"gpt":0.275676943231589,"spread":0.251147962095189,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002254435,0.0001038839,0.0001606522,0.0001380217,0.00007512954,0.00005639027,0.0002080578,0.00006132562,0.000004476574],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007559506,0.00009893109,0.000009560253,0.0009118033,0.0002088675,0.0004547062,0.0001365523,0.00008907252,0.000001664369],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004464714,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005388029,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001989127,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003571148,"domain_scores_codex":[0.99918,0.0000181196,0.0001991598,0.0002916671,0.0001657724,0.0001452844],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995206,0.00004548202,0.00005620261,0.0001894248,0.00006512606,0.0001231901],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002868391,0.00006560714,0.005064076,0.0002679798,0.000003187384,0.000001079961,0.001050796,0.0000319279,0.9874657,0.0002201583,0.00004223006,0.005758565],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004297996,0.0001048289,0.005799545,0.00009501043,0.0000118784,0.000001470369,0.0001315647,0.1565381,0.8323151,0.002660618,0.001663285,0.0002487213],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9944389,0.00004093368,0.003604296,0.0008900471,0.000009761408,0.0005626309,0.00002339688,0.0001884986,0.0002415003],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9947931,0.00002537329,0.004803453,0.0001763066,0.00002490131,0.0001613809,0.000004531803,0.00001040293,5.707353e-7],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1565062,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4034293,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4396832659","doi":"10.1038/s41377-024-01441-1","title":"Enhancing crystal integrity and structural rigidity of CsPbBr3 nanoplatelets to achieve a narrow color-saturated blue emission","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Light Science & Applications","topic":"Perovskite Materials and Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":60,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; Innovation and Technology Commission; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Salt Science Research Foundation","keywords":"Photoluminescence; Materials science; Quantum yield; Monolayer; Photoelectric effect; Crystal structure; Nanotechnology; Chemical engineering; Optoelectronics; Crystallography; Chemistry; Optics; Fluorescence","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007016198582751655,"gpt":0.2522725017574991,"spread":0.2452563031747474,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000222437,0.0001405306,0.0001489138,0.0001516137,0.000275782,0.0001777223,0.0002886873,0.00006866219,0.0000261686],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001919354,0.0001185128,0.00002753591,0.00113584,0.0001604683,0.0002213035,0.00007106362,0.0001661319,0.00002015402],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007887742,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001079662,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002791586,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002774471,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989467,0.000009136005,0.0002587145,0.0003480628,0.0001967632,0.0002406092],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993889,0.0000434022,0.00002815078,0.0002838936,0.00008287594,0.0001728195],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002534073,0.000006966551,0.00001614787,0.00006282073,0.00000280007,3.550995e-7,0.0003955396,0.0006959051,0.9944226,0.0031495,0.0001553051,0.001089536],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000523355,0.00002854164,0.001361569,0.00006760803,0.00001169669,0.00001217011,0.00007538396,0.02296036,0.9575101,0.001206044,0.01652487,0.0001893329],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9831904,0.0001696516,0.01459756,0.0006051126,0.0001344739,0.0004554525,0.00008769539,0.0002758747,0.0004838302],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9964637,0.000007224645,0.003156401,0.00002326592,0.00005922281,0.0002166358,0.0000148226,0.00001359454,0.00004510626],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0369125,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4832813,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3171122042","doi":"10.1038/s41377-021-00557-y","title":"Forward stimulated Brillouin scattering and opto-mechanical non-reciprocity in standard polarization maintaining fibres","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Light Science & Applications","topic":"Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":60,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Azrieli Foundation; Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities","keywords":"Brillouin scattering; Optics; Polarization (electrochemistry); Circulator; Scattering; Materials science; Brillouin zone; Optical isolator; Photonics; Optical fiber; Physics; Optoelectronics; Chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007495548152396179,"gpt":0.2514966601099681,"spread":0.2440011119575719,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000208669,0.0001262047,0.0001530206,0.0001560421,0.0002046176,0.0001013595,0.0001822629,0.00006521092,0.00001436439],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006605195,0.0001426182,0.00002102204,0.001374695,0.0001256023,0.0003106386,0.00008788546,0.000153809,0.00001071958],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001746757,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008105426,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005833043,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001892344,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998793,0.000008804009,0.000239651,0.0003852173,0.0002393543,0.0003339782],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993886,0.00005923839,0.00003127673,0.0003004693,0.0000962384,0.000124173],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005230394,0.00001781737,0.002605088,0.00002805117,0.000005605514,0.000004402361,0.0003736701,0.1353738,0.8469567,0.003473995,0.00001101005,0.01114467],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006385831,0.0000341057,0.01633069,0.0001122006,0.00001680826,0.00002693769,0.0004198347,0.4962463,0.4761609,0.003756386,0.005737702,0.0005194906],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5339068,0.00005517642,0.464556,0.0003697514,0.00005073443,0.0002701073,0.00001146381,0.0001563163,0.0006236472],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9457826,0.00001152967,0.0539965,0.00005825171,0.00002536836,0.00007073497,0.00001099907,0.00001979333,0.00002419248],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4118758,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5815802,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2032916575","doi":"10.1038/lsa.2013.18","title":"Real-time detection of influenza A virus using semiconductor nanophotonics","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Light Science & Applications","topic":"Advanced Biosensing Techniques and Applications","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":58,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Institut interdisciplinaire d'innovation technologique; Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Nanophotonics; Surface plasmon resonance; Nanotechnology; Plasmon; Semiconductor; Chip; Optoelectronics; Miniaturization; Characterization (materials science); Materials science; Computer science; Telecommunications; Nanoparticle","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01180743160579343,"gpt":0.2878500048737626,"spread":0.2760425732679691,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001069728,0.00009969775,0.00008898059,0.00007670909,0.0002557691,0.00002815122,0.0003056644,0.00008079289,0.00001023093],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000020135,0.0000950282,0.00004462753,0.0005697153,0.0003065322,0.00001647841,0.00009151476,0.00004802708,0.00002577084],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003467617,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001361085,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009079096,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005113962,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991038,0.0000084629,0.000210079,0.0003507994,0.0001335504,0.0001932738],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998904,0.000006496208,0.0001503754,0.0005951408,0.000265544,0.0000783725],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001550122,0.00003379747,0.00002497057,0.000002989805,0.00000185423,1.39178e-8,0.000007917948,0.00006546121,0.9987909,0.0002556446,0.00003744923,0.0007774188],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005356004,0.00003489121,0.000166356,0.000005044713,0.000006976574,0.000004090085,0.00001249387,0.002135671,0.978128,0.0007863165,0.01855453,0.0001121268],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9640021,0.00003722548,0.03446426,0.00007011004,0.00001601569,0.0006422429,0.00001465344,0.00005155975,0.0007018211],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9261467,0.00002870765,0.07332367,0.0001231055,0.00003493971,0.0002488345,0.00001022295,0.00001328261,0.00007054716],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03885941,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3875137,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2890147991","doi":"10.1038/s41377-018-0065-2","title":"Metasurface-based multi-harmonic free-electron light source","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Light Science & Applications","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":57,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Army Research Office; Wallonie-Bruxelles International; Azrieli Foundation; Agency for Science, Technology and Research; U.S. Department of Energy; Fonds De La Recherche Scientifique - FNRS; Belgian American Educational Foundation","keywords":"Physics; Harmonics; Optics; Electron; Plasmon; Laser; Photon; High harmonic generation; Harmonic; Wavefront; Electromagnetic radiation; Wavelength; Computational physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01047062969936026,"gpt":0.2633857730084845,"spread":0.2529151433091243,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002780628,0.0001822155,0.0001432141,0.000130444,0.0008054156,0.0001698227,0.00108985,0.00003190273,0.0002566528],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00000944749,0.0001653209,0.00009235198,0.001227442,0.0005132784,0.0002130275,0.0001448467,0.0001479645,0.0008760201],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008215604,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002974689,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004077051,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007540705,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983005,0.00001833745,0.0002266803,0.0005281253,0.0003968557,0.0005295296],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984382,0.0000284821,0.0001272745,0.001001949,0.000212946,0.0001911797],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001048087,0.001486384,0.008485234,0.00001809082,0.0000546055,4.280975e-7,0.000600323,0.0005438728,0.8321093,0.1442187,0.004319014,0.00815352],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000368422,0.0000711035,0.0007439189,0.000007563856,0.00003907696,3.191589e-7,0.0000650548,0.008911712,0.7211161,0.00390724,0.2644811,0.0002884332],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1946785,0.0001946902,0.7557131,0.008318763,0.0002607101,0.001496662,0.00007645891,0.0003276184,0.03893349],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9780836,3.503721e-7,0.01960093,0.0001765487,0.0002554626,0.000324439,0.00001484291,0.00002153213,0.001522323],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7834051,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999019,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3088497601","doi":"10.1038/s41377-020-00407-3","title":"Polarimetric parity-time symmetry in a photonic system","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Light Science & Applications","topic":"Quantum Mechanics and Non-Hermitian Physics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":53,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Parity (physics); Photonics; Polarimetry; Physics; Symmetry (geometry); Optics; Quantum mechanics; Mathematics; Geometry; Scattering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009684958124624192,"gpt":0.2396659883636258,"spread":0.2299810302390016,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002439154,0.0001312731,0.0001788671,0.0001700185,0.0002677752,0.0001141755,0.0006265612,0.00002849191,0.00006586324],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005250407,0.0001297531,0.0000685838,0.004053527,0.00007695626,0.000196276,0.0000994408,0.0001815486,0.0008475299],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006742721,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002935626,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008597658,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.529403e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986418,0.0000191397,0.0002362678,0.0004674957,0.0002866199,0.0003486324],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992023,0.00003733187,0.00009979586,0.000374663,0.0000667423,0.0002192195],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002589761,0.0001630623,0.002439221,0.00002211842,0.000006119735,6.788019e-7,0.000108275,0.00002415242,0.0552691,0.9384425,0.000193413,0.003328799],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002148902,0.0002848104,0.009029572,0.0001779832,0.0001119939,0.000004350221,0.001370148,0.3615434,0.406528,0.08394333,0.1326463,0.002211302],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.411067,0.0004420672,0.2723065,0.007970918,0.0003401143,0.004451345,0.0003913637,0.000666573,0.3023641],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985536,4.324477e-7,0.000882793,0.0001737276,0.0001437915,0.0001741762,0.000012892,0.00001281262,0.00004573834],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8544992,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999304,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4390725418","doi":"10.1038/s41377-023-01362-5","title":"A system-on-chip microwave photonic processor solves dynamic RF interference in real time with picosecond latency","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Light Science & Applications","topic":"Advanced Photonic Communication Systems","field":"Engineering","cited_by":51,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"Division of Electrical, Communications and Cyber Systems; Office of Naval Research; Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; CMC Microsystems; Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency; Advanced Research Projects Agency; National Science Foundation; Government of Canada; U.S. Department of Defense","keywords":"Picosecond; Latency (audio); Microwave; Computer science; Photonics; Chip; Interference (communication); Optoelectronics; Electronic engineering; Optics; Telecommunications; Physics; Engineering; Laser","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008087189977327547,"gpt":0.2482682642694499,"spread":0.2401810742921223,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002874774,0.0002061565,0.0002032912,0.0003883846,0.0001665832,0.0001797132,0.0009500966,0.00005686396,0.00002485854],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000006909027,0.0001762892,0.00003263597,0.001942621,0.0002166151,0.0003349984,0.0000676236,0.000278543,0.0003976221],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005400972,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002724041,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001502429,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001409236,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998508,0.00001419181,0.0003616998,0.0005105134,0.0002355756,0.0003700083],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987265,0.0001038677,0.00005391551,0.0009359922,0.00007494145,0.000104723],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001417778,0.0001110872,0.0001143541,0.0007031058,0.00002528175,0.000007994389,0.002797868,0.01291775,0.9540873,0.02347647,0.00006622716,0.005678438],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004297331,0.0001332838,0.0008188997,0.001995301,0.00002755017,0.00009356291,0.0008750541,0.8719632,0.1106884,0.001725046,0.01037328,0.0008767478],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5906818,0.003019507,0.1210878,0.0008276193,0.0004084869,0.005367623,0.0001211845,0.004191836,0.2742942],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9957703,0.00004172534,0.002031205,0.00001275461,0.00001410439,0.001747172,0.00001071803,0.00003530678,0.0003366683],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8590454,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7188867,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2048119472","doi":"10.1038/lsa.2013.70","title":"Light concentration using hetero-junctions of anisotropic low permittivity metamaterials","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Light Science & Applications","topic":"Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":47,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Metamaterial; Optics; Permittivity; Curvature; Materials science; Transverse plane; Lens (geology); Dielectric; Ray; Anisotropy; Optical power; Optoelectronics; Physics; Geometry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02139671126917045,"gpt":0.2734145668524948,"spread":0.2520178555833244,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007532168,0.0002479688,0.0004227173,0.00015194,0.0009652095,0.0004128954,0.0008387125,0.00009039354,0.005470576],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000843074,0.0002102361,0.0001044805,0.001170431,0.0005106612,0.001074297,0.0001368555,0.00006874721,0.0009242115],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001035596,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003384326,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001263691,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001268865,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9972231,0.0001134558,0.000785909,0.0007349958,0.0006104487,0.0005320812],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9974313,0.00007038647,0.0005652462,0.001072564,0.0006128837,0.0002475817],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002189415,0.0001442793,0.00008452626,0.00002712426,0.000004243528,6.829348e-8,0.00008612814,0.00011336,0.9918987,0.007027087,0.0004297958,0.000182496],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001576504,0.00002218261,0.001109807,0.00002240776,0.00005171202,0.000003322714,0.00005966335,0.0007107252,0.9785075,0.001749777,0.0173827,0.0002225537],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9564269,0.00008241381,0.03870977,0.0007529017,0.0004821403,0.001794064,0.0002272857,0.0001431248,0.001381397],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9594035,0.00001079665,0.03862464,0.000107667,0.0001312948,0.00145926,0.00003285201,0.00002089705,0.000209087],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01695291,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998537,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4382345200","doi":"10.1038/s41377-023-01196-1","title":"Multi-dimensional band structure spectroscopy in the synthetic frequency dimension","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Light Science & Applications","topic":"Quantum Mechanics and Non-Hermitian Physics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Air Force Office of Scientific Research; Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative; U.S. Air Force; U.S. Department of Defense","keywords":"Brillouin zone; Hermitian matrix; Hamiltonian (control theory); Lattice (music); Photonics; Physics; Photonic crystal; Electronic band structure; Band gap; Topology (electrical circuits); Statistical physics; Quantum mechanics; Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01079222662055231,"gpt":0.2707393395194223,"spread":0.25994711289887,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002956683,0.0001252692,0.000102428,0.0001209144,0.0006222526,0.0001166668,0.0005430902,0.00002383265,0.00008884208],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000003968212,0.00008844099,0.00004799316,0.001766618,0.0001830888,0.0001336845,0.0000487352,0.0001703754,0.0002170878],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002520068,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001772155,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003400719,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009685615,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987373,0.00002557193,0.0001669308,0.0003886403,0.0003427077,0.0003388256],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992456,0.00006587972,0.00006487826,0.0005026367,0.00005440865,0.00006664111],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001331281,0.0001380787,0.001587817,0.000003736518,0.000003121928,0.000001072965,0.0003439349,0.000258485,0.7427421,0.2537448,0.0005840407,0.0005914192],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006381095,0.00006673727,0.02173422,0.00005623703,0.00003258623,0.000003480627,0.0005569161,0.04815226,0.3059561,0.6141053,0.008092222,0.0006057814],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9805374,0.00003612004,0.01041102,0.003908201,0.0002021744,0.0009872437,0.0001196898,0.00008771971,0.003710422],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976434,6.707608e-7,0.00187192,0.0001253706,0.0001021142,0.0001644615,0.00003380009,0.00001014717,0.00004817461],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.436786,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4785927,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2594764743","doi":"10.1038/lsa.2017.143","title":"Direct characterization of a nonlinear photonic circuit’s wave function with laser light","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Light Science & Applications","topic":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Australian Research Council; RMIT University; Australian National Fabrication Facility; Australian Government; Griffith University; Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry","keywords":"Photonics; Quantum; Nonlinear system; Laser; Quantum technology; Quantum imaging; Nonclassical light; Quantum optics; Quantum tomography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009881890573337462,"gpt":0.213621297835453,"spread":0.2037394072621155,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003181374,0.0001241069,0.0001244768,0.0004040029,0.0004764449,0.0001772005,0.0007638134,0.00004274292,0.00004159158],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00000807449,0.00009864013,0.00004616776,0.003732286,0.0003715349,0.001282222,0.00007658218,0.00006634629,0.0001456468],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003260843,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002571945,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003645173,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006148604,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985335,0.00001523219,0.0002861027,0.0003862525,0.000515875,0.0002630414],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982856,0.00001546236,0.000246642,0.0007990117,0.0005312203,0.0001220945],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001989007,0.0003223287,0.000572957,0.00003051649,0.00001668692,3.959346e-7,0.001780737,0.00001524278,0.6987309,0.2809352,0.0001531596,0.01742192],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003092222,0.0003192722,0.00935959,0.0000306148,0.00001693637,0.00000829114,0.00004472071,0.03895678,0.7937475,0.00131067,0.1556091,0.0002873274],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.05471481,0.000005666126,0.9098113,0.0008873396,0.0001478926,0.0005245893,0.000009008318,0.0002239167,0.03367555],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9903616,0.000004237544,0.008707892,0.0005475653,0.0000742471,0.0001991856,0.0000143767,0.000006530529,0.00008434379],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9356468,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4022428,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1963675485","doi":"10.1038/lsa.2014.38","title":"Quantized structuring of transparent films with femtosecond laser interference","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Light Science & Applications","topic":"Laser Material Processing Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":38,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Toronto","keywords":"Femtosecond; Materials science; Laser; Optoelectronics; Fabrication; Thin film; Optics; Substrate (aquarium); Refractive index; Nanotechnology; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01150096861483254,"gpt":0.2356840067940324,"spread":0.2241830381791998,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001354991,0.00009674376,0.0001203755,0.0000974725,0.00009486422,0.00006012293,0.0004803166,0.00002608565,0.0000407773],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005837299,0.00007663722,0.00001444746,0.0004022555,0.000212694,0.0001923134,0.00002172693,0.00005908197,0.000007471373],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001883134,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003222627,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000665655,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001240844,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993023,0.00000543739,0.0001699276,0.0001961231,0.0001560725,0.0001701131],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994751,0.00001696377,0.00004303364,0.000345776,0.00006052678,0.00005863352],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007213902,0.00002429064,0.0002858966,0.0001652726,0.000004606657,1.076903e-7,0.0002638022,0.006050913,0.9823285,0.007462582,0.0000643207,0.003342441],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009529862,0.00002820416,0.0007512035,0.00004859912,0.000006555962,0.000001178545,0.00001399492,0.01185858,0.9840222,0.00166447,0.001393568,0.0001161221],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5028582,0.00001375773,0.4899038,0.00007416298,0.00005256146,0.0002565975,0.00001161243,0.0004941823,0.006335163],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9726578,0.000001950333,0.02715964,0.00001441094,0.000013622,0.0001269051,0.000002821851,0.00001216963,0.00001065073],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4697996,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3125175,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4394063555","doi":"10.1038/s41377-024-01423-3","title":"Ultrafast laser state active controlling based on anisotropic quasi-1D material","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Light Science & Applications","topic":"Advanced Fiber Laser Technologies","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Suzhou Institute of Nanotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Government of Jiangsu Province; Institute of Nutrition, Metabolism and Diabetes; Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Ultrashort pulse; Laser; Materials science; Fiber laser; Saturable absorption; Ultrafast laser spectroscopy; Optics; Optoelectronics; Polarization (electrochemistry); Distributed feedback laser; Physics; Chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.005951907967481956,"gpt":0.2555355520133051,"spread":0.2495836440458231,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008055653,0.0001475717,0.0001238258,0.0001619036,0.0003605363,0.0002259354,0.000430172,0.00002654919,0.0001136553],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004952136,0.0001251947,0.00005127012,0.0008061065,0.0002978763,0.0002950086,0.00003809242,0.000157649,0.0002283887],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007342981,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000169579,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001471269,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001957737,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987882,0.000009644655,0.0001601088,0.000490445,0.0002280515,0.0003235209],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993011,0.00007716125,0.00005537865,0.0004368236,0.00006108553,0.00006839911],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008023146,0.0007344596,0.00135119,0.00004392166,0.00004487413,0.000004823688,0.000422788,0.02720726,0.4319159,0.4319721,0.000283877,0.1059386],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002495712,0.00007478864,0.0003511723,0.0000338018,0.00001628279,1.979368e-7,0.000177743,0.02196732,0.9217809,0.02670008,0.02841353,0.0002346212],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.21045,0.000008826097,0.7755539,0.00276139,0.0002576252,0.000908715,0.0005191191,0.0007256057,0.008814801],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9957804,6.397361e-7,0.003206394,0.00007342442,0.0001167647,0.0006191184,0.00002785262,0.00001543915,0.0001599348],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7853305,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5105292,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3216107242","doi":"10.1038/s41377-022-00823-7","title":"Topologically tuned terahertz confinement in a nonlinear photonic chip","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Light Science & Applications","topic":"Topological Materials and Phenomena","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; Higher Education Discipline Innovation Project; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Terahertz radiation; Photonics; Lithium niobate; Optoelectronics; Photonic crystal; Terahertz gap; Physics; Chip; Nonlinear system; Electronic circuit; Optics; Computer science; Telecommunications; Terahertz metamaterials; Laser; Far-infrared laser","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009841381010745772,"gpt":0.2540188548479365,"spread":0.2441774738371907,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002863404,0.00009162976,0.0001206969,0.00006957921,0.0005410281,0.00006259876,0.0005282795,0.00001071963,0.007434601],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000002280955,0.00007521366,0.00003592918,0.0006380192,0.0001793001,0.00004764325,0.0001992434,0.0001166212,0.00005469763],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004908071,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000115547,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001276251,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004227456,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989231,0.0000290697,0.0002112847,0.0003447968,0.0002023685,0.0002893669],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995245,0.00002468306,0.0000706299,0.0002798782,0.0000229156,0.00007744491],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001613255,0.0009649582,0.009640703,0.000003768236,0.000004792481,9.409954e-7,0.0003057834,0.0003912246,0.2161524,0.7652476,0.00007292622,0.007198708],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001049662,0.0003240909,0.02492644,0.000005552121,0.0000130015,0.000001595739,0.001049493,0.001762527,0.0443663,0.1768673,0.7490545,0.0005795718],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9226778,0.00002713556,0.002675462,0.004124817,0.0001241794,0.0008892454,0.0001000877,0.00005436786,0.06932697],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.996012,4.73306e-7,0.001665093,0.0004114713,0.00007529806,0.001569075,0.00001975678,0.000004170551,0.0002427004],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7489816,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9934728,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391474260","doi":"10.1038/s41377-023-01364-3","title":"Stable, intense supercontinuum light generation at 1 kHz by electric field assisted femtosecond laser filamentation in air","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Light Science & Applications","topic":"Laser-Matter Interactions and Applications","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université Laval; Institut National d'Optique","funders":"NSAF Joint Fund; State Key Laboratory of High Field Laser Physics; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shanghai Science and Technology Development Foundation; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Bureau of International Cooperation, Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Safety Academic Fund; Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Université Laval","keywords":"Filamentation; Supercontinuum; Femtosecond; Electric field; Laser; Optics; Materials science; Optoelectronics; Physics; Wavelength","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008584677204984159,"gpt":0.2670949363959039,"spread":0.2585102591909197,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001921717,0.0001682955,0.0001313392,0.0002881691,0.0004855346,0.0002513961,0.0003141034,0.00004435266,0.0009258924],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004594706,0.0001567991,0.00006957376,0.001833949,0.0000432684,0.0006791632,0.00005910293,0.0001964505,0.0005231186],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002217934,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001524066,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002425488,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001668418,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984621,0.00002321743,0.0003592359,0.0005991082,0.0002222124,0.0003340962],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992036,0.00008633388,0.00006944885,0.0004138304,0.0001199006,0.000106876],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003837812,0.0001962196,0.002045576,0.000009257707,0.00001166655,4.258889e-7,0.0002568483,0.00007977234,0.922288,0.006007839,0.06368995,0.005410581],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001513581,0.00002481225,0.002120616,0.00002154912,0.00002197434,0.000002306047,0.00017766,0.005479017,0.7793611,0.0008252425,0.2115868,0.0002275741],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9228094,0.0001025049,0.04734205,0.01375957,0.0002494039,0.001074119,0.000144968,0.0001533642,0.0143646],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9925669,0.000002874384,0.000546551,0.000528145,0.0001921308,0.001278974,0.0002577038,0.00001745292,0.004609288],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1478969,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999874,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3110348187","doi":"10.1038/s41377-020-00428-y","title":"Tunable rainbow light trapping in ultrathin resonator arrays","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Light Science & Applications","topic":"Plasmonic and Surface Plasmon Research","field":"Engineering","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Basic Energy Sciences; Office of Science; Mitacs; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; CMC Microsystems; University of Toronto; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Materials science; Fabrication; Optoelectronics; Rainbow; Plasmon; Optics; Resonator; Nanophotonics; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01766410483825807,"gpt":0.2426006068514011,"spread":0.2249365020131431,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004023588,0.00013442,0.0001532698,0.0001797332,0.0002447196,0.0001190669,0.000728377,0.00006591983,0.00006215458],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006111356,0.0001328323,0.00003806402,0.002538206,0.0001360133,0.0002981747,0.00004030875,0.0003206884,0.0003076916],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001093621,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000194109,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007452821,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001325987,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983764,0.00001338189,0.0002424586,0.000397382,0.0004405731,0.0005297962],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992513,0.00006721022,0.00002098123,0.0003029526,0.00004982238,0.0003077122],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006258796,0.00007287407,0.00109986,0.00007713412,0.000007181403,0.000009507051,0.002623585,0.09441358,0.8801536,0.01427263,0.006060012,0.001203769],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002697018,0.00001876584,0.000685446,0.00002190053,0.000003292011,0.000002229918,0.0004114651,0.4513815,0.1791732,0.0005456918,0.3671868,0.0003000171],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5772794,0.001649873,0.1294798,0.07093424,0.0003217453,0.003481365,0.00008267156,0.00232042,0.2144505],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9909751,0.00004075762,0.008176045,0.0002629241,0.00001919622,0.0003219263,0.000003962438,0.00001827223,0.0001818182],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7009804,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5416744,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2005300883","doi":"10.1038/lsa.2014.105","title":"Fluorescence and SEM correlative microscopy for nanomanipulation of subcellular structures","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Light Science & Applications","topic":"Advanced Electron Microscopy Techniques and Applications","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Hospital for Sick Children; University of Toronto","funders":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Scanning electron microscope; Fiducial marker; Microscopy; Artificial intelligence; Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy; Computer vision; Fluorescence microscope; Materials science; Image noise; Pattern recognition (psychology); Computer science; Biological system; Fluorescence; Optics; Physics; Image (mathematics); Biology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.005704058978700789,"gpt":0.3018954405378552,"spread":0.2961913815591544,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001387967,0.00008890545,0.00008289394,0.0000478851,0.0002777618,0.00001904248,0.0002311415,0.00005595029,0.000001487975],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002501241,0.00008516597,0.00002817399,0.0002290496,0.000352292,0.00000905846,0.00004616964,0.00003652471,7.208527e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001161886,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005852062,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002371438,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000029227,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992458,0.000007476046,0.0001505961,0.0003514713,0.00007794438,0.0001666959],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993462,0.00001519171,0.0001140502,0.0003252752,0.0001470371,0.00005223491],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005984727,0.00001473072,0.0003408759,0.000007847443,0.000001310327,2.284067e-9,0.0000137466,0.00005590929,0.9534596,0.04373019,0.00008449142,0.002285359],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009904701,0.00009988713,0.0007444249,0.000003920277,0.00000729311,0.000001208865,0.000008482746,0.001092733,0.9407439,0.01180577,0.04530006,0.00009326879],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.09847313,0.000186271,0.900176,0.0001820841,0.00001407847,0.0006591663,0.00001964101,0.00001821522,0.0002713536],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.879887,0.00002115649,0.1195621,0.00005656948,0.00003663204,0.0002931931,0.00004925307,0.0000086956,0.00008537432],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7814139,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3472967,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2886931679","doi":"10.1038/s41377-018-0049-2","title":"Digital plasmonic holography","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Light Science & Applications","topic":"Digital Holography and Microscopy","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Optics; Plasmon; Holography; Digital holography; Lens (geology); Microscope; Plasmonic lens; Cardinal point; Physics; Digital holographic microscopy; Surface plasmon; Surface plasmon polariton","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.004833085529299361,"gpt":0.251945265392341,"spread":0.2471121798630417,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000652068,0.00009074176,0.00006727016,0.0001574386,0.0004706337,0.0002708483,0.0004958618,0.00001705126,0.00008944159],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000001427526,0.00007963018,0.00007258503,0.001526655,0.001260307,0.0004979254,0.00006460109,0.00005742425,0.0005529088],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000006308639,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007583437,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000288007,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.548652e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991324,0.000002156969,0.0001127488,0.0003311931,0.0001292993,0.0002922016],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993688,0.00001351051,0.00004898403,0.0003672861,0.00009337991,0.0001079811],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007607336,0.0006651235,0.1217649,0.000003510239,0.0000211173,2.989345e-7,0.0001858451,0.000004101,0.04544796,0.6821011,0.003531481,0.1462669],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002543584,0.0001364811,0.01343418,0.000009302575,0.00001395222,0.000001521611,0.0001904226,0.00004493918,0.2126164,0.0686989,0.7042296,0.00036995],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2082874,0.000016452,0.04915592,0.0002789464,0.0001055435,0.0002959452,0.00008398648,0.0001093507,0.7416665],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981442,2.052214e-7,0.001046344,0.00008328976,0.0001290717,0.0001418161,0.00001491949,0.000005683041,0.0004344563],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7898569,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7106708,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4366989628","doi":"10.1038/s41377-023-01092-8","title":"Near-field enhancement of optical second harmonic generation in hybrid gold–lithium niobate nanostructures","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Light Science & Applications","topic":"Plasmonic and Surface Plasmon Research","field":"Engineering","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"Division of Chemistry; Western Economic Diversification Canada; National Science Foundation; Government of Canada; British Columbia Knowledge Development Fund; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; CMC Microsystems; University of Washington; Simon Fraser University","keywords":"Lithium niobate; Materials science; Optoelectronics; Nanophotonics; Second-harmonic generation; Nonlinear optics; Plasmon; Ultrashort pulse; Photonics; Nanotechnology; Optics; Laser; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01601740138207963,"gpt":0.2649135583575104,"spread":0.2488961569754308,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003670811,0.00009597008,0.000119167,0.0001962303,0.000123565,0.00007108832,0.0003883978,0.00004351878,0.0001031881],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003561259,0.00009245501,0.00002764369,0.001296083,0.0001588026,0.0001498069,0.0000628848,0.0001615739,0.0001437674],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007655166,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001531886,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009902538,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004451926,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987306,0.000009208312,0.000247618,0.0002644503,0.0003771101,0.0003710336],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994426,0.00006703804,0.00002371195,0.0003096648,0.00005981854,0.00009712621],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002284518,0.0000201566,0.0002558973,0.00002876081,0.000003818468,0.000001638799,0.0001365948,0.02060921,0.9715484,0.001942802,0.003969289,0.001481189],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007322063,0.0000146488,0.0009029108,0.00000501175,0.000001478937,9.183049e-7,0.00001900554,0.2938141,0.6965249,0.0002882866,0.008281019,0.00007443481],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9891285,0.00007057898,0.005504758,0.000587695,0.00009715847,0.0003306594,0.00001591895,0.00008924039,0.004175453],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9945731,0.00004119668,0.004728609,0.00003513456,0.000009937456,0.0002253814,0.00001762143,0.00000892509,0.000360121],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2750234,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3770206,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3186322630","doi":"10.1038/s41377-021-00585-8","title":"Quantum discord of thermal two-photon orbital angular momentum state: mimicking teleportation to transmit an image","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Light Science & Applications","topic":"Random lasers and scattering media","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University; National Natural Science Foundation of China; University of Ottawa","keywords":"Physics; Quantum teleportation; Quantum entanglement; Photon; Quantum mechanics; Quantum state; Angular momentum; Teleportation; Quantum channel; Quantum tomography; Density matrix; Quantum","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006949469463998196,"gpt":0.2663919471216142,"spread":0.259442477657616,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001934284,0.0001037655,0.000140766,0.00007941269,0.0002250578,0.0001046666,0.0002733793,0.00001005884,0.0001205632],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000003155516,0.00009426036,0.00005844078,0.0006749065,0.0001327515,0.0003316227,0.00002556371,0.00006465057,0.0000160349],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000177419,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001802508,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001322913,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000156626,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988447,0.00001732891,0.000261184,0.0003558707,0.0002747691,0.0002461297],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992039,0.00001911668,0.00009802417,0.000383686,0.0001406845,0.0001546185],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007120619,0.0001654736,0.003295711,0.000005774544,0.000006610697,0.000001621737,0.001023071,0.000557331,0.9865868,0.004475303,0.00002081594,0.003854334],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004793431,0.00004506187,0.01042175,0.00001954889,0.00002594132,0.000001190832,0.0009052139,0.003166176,0.9798533,0.003659637,0.00121424,0.0002086322],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.888804,0.000008636607,0.1090569,0.0003886259,0.00005611666,0.0003084997,0.0000439552,0.00001769399,0.001315543],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9952383,3.697834e-7,0.004304041,0.00003433393,0.00006469878,0.0002146543,0.00005707823,0.00001042009,0.00007610965],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1064343,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3843826,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}