{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":4,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":4,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"38caf23e93ab","filters":{"venue":"Low Carbon Economy"}},"results":[{"id":"W2129575319","doi":"10.4236/lce.2010.11002","title":"Behavioral and Technological Changes Regarding Lighting Consumptions: A MARKAL Case Study","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Low Carbon Economy","topic":"Environmental Education and Sustainability","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Royal Military College of Canada; Royal Military College Saint-Jean","funders":"Strong","keywords":"Energy consumption; Consumption (sociology); Environmental economics; Engineering; Energy (signal processing); Efficient energy use; Transport engineering; Economics","authors":[{"name":"Emmanuel Fragnière","is_ca":false},{"name":"Roman Kanala","is_ca":false},{"name":"Denis Lavigne","is_ca":true},{"name":"Francesco Moresino","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gustave Nguene","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01326936347108482,"gpt":0.2623792077353483,"spread":0.2491098442642635,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002049067,0.0002459588,0.0002275928,0.0009867384,0.002509312,0.001058646,0.000749535,0.001306842,0.001998781],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003960144,0.0001914401,0.0003575109,0.001207366,0.001862199,0.001146039,0.001504825,0.0006763213,0.0002573114],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001992826,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004979781,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01302924,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01964232,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974291,0.001730428,0.0000637763,0.0001543732,0.0002793879,0.000342972],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9971491,0.001531293,0.0005550986,0.0003128708,0.0002171788,0.0002344857],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001592337,0.0080726,0.5671373,0.000306249,0.0001335665,0.03191115,0.3032904,0.004948544,0.008092997,0.0146312,0.001817141,0.05806657],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001101385,0.003946988,0.3933171,0.0001218107,0.0001084956,0.007073403,0.5512791,0.01217819,0.008794065,0.002257702,0.02063332,0.0001797086],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9980965,0.0000178233,0.0002739941,0.0001135874,0.000001561453,0.00002884122,0.00003214091,0.000003098501,0.001432463],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987581,0.00005269648,0.000454393,0.0000261868,0.000003451751,0.00003901632,0.00002735822,0.000002281869,0.000636628],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01302924,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0259068,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2091215464","doi":"10.4236/lce.2013.44a005","title":"Business Model for Local Distribution Companies to Promote Renewable Energy","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Low Carbon Economy","topic":"ICT Impact and Policies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Renewable energy; Business model; Business; Feed-in tariff; Revenue; Solar power; Installation; Environmental economics; Net metering; Tariff; Renewable energy credit; Industrial organization; Distributed generation; Finance; Economics; Energy policy; Power (physics); Marketing; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"Bjoern Buesing","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ming Yang","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008349882332527134,"gpt":0.1910708991703432,"spread":0.1827210168378161,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001878915,0.0003713472,0.0001896413,0.0008669527,0.001626441,0.00527492,0.001331919,0.002347907,0.02552214],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003198291,0.0003213762,0.0004185911,0.001155597,0.0007996316,0.003837486,0.002879935,0.002613324,0.008370849],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003944388,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003136857,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00473188,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004894362,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978053,0.0008524975,0.00006508576,0.0002880089,0.0006692462,0.0003198968],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9972699,0.0004923218,0.0002986873,0.0003675052,0.0006939047,0.0008776329],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001468065,0.001465946,0.01164211,0.0002483286,0.00004389724,0.001463123,0.001991965,0.01564809,0.008132713,0.7142323,0.1029865,0.1419982],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002007839,0.0002601366,0.00481848,0.0001982502,0.0000299218,0.0009098565,0.002506158,0.06633388,0.003791964,0.0654052,0.8554322,0.00011329],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.07200141,0.000574956,0.1387006,0.02275867,0.0003559383,0.001366059,0.0005626289,0.001563454,0.7621163],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7979197,0.0006167841,0.03593071,0.003361887,0.0002148265,0.0007981978,0.0005506664,0.0001613243,0.160446],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02552214,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.08538008,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2073656915","doi":"10.4236/lce.2012.34019","title":"Carbon Credits on Private Lands in British Columbia","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Low Carbon Economy","topic":"Forest Management and Policy","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Northern British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Carbon credit; Hectare; Agricultural economics; Carbon price; Production (economics); Forest inventory; Index (typography); Carbon sequestration; Business; Environmental science; Forestry; Natural resource economics; Economics; Agroforestry; Agriculture; Geography; Forest management; Greenhouse gas; Carbon dioxide; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"Balbinder Deo","is_ca":true},{"name":"Han Donker","is_ca":true},{"name":"Michael Schulz","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.005859706473122659,"gpt":0.1865749455676349,"spread":0.1807152390945122,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003561472,0.0002235007,0.000181259,0.001219197,0.001035954,0.001940438,0.0005865896,0.0002588585,0.003066138],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00132299,0.0001660272,0.0001590866,0.002150672,0.0005468274,0.0004118736,0.0005336343,0.0003157983,0.0001950561],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.02121717,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01081839,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9546873,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9850321,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994792,0.00005186495,0.00001454776,0.00005757551,0.0002363804,0.0001604404],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990597,0.0001112376,0.0001401037,0.00004527699,0.0004445372,0.000199056],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002105732,0.0001215302,0.9072454,0.00008331736,0.0000653928,0.0009224955,0.0008850123,0.02219501,0.002029134,0.002187952,0.003105626,0.06094851],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001746216,0.00004954745,0.9736012,0.00004112363,0.00002146982,0.000178606,0.002745498,0.01476893,0.0005391243,0.000395276,0.007617368,0.0000244052],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9912652,0.0001068616,0.0001055476,0.0000824834,0.000001986382,0.0000205386,0.0008188621,0.00001581971,0.00758261],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9956453,0.000112702,0.000121646,0.00001380724,7.801883e-7,0.000007425652,0.0005133889,0.000004057498,0.003580855],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0453127,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1539421,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1542187766","doi":"","title":"Behavioral and technological changes regarding lighting consumptions","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Low Carbon Economy","topic":"Energy, Environment, and Transportation Policies","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Royal Military College Saint-Jean","funders":"","keywords":"Architectural engineering; Psychology; Business; Forensic engineering; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"Emmanuel Fragnière","is_ca":false},{"name":"Roman Kanala","is_ca":false},{"name":"Denis Lavigne","is_ca":true},{"name":"Francesco Moresino","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gustave Nguene","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01448157300736437,"gpt":0.2314107917257671,"spread":0.2169292187184028,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001567361,0.0001016181,0.0001080984,0.0006760503,0.0006694528,0.0009288285,0.0003129453,0.0007802812,0.006370053],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00761616,0.0001605887,0.0003937641,0.0007821319,0.0005664809,0.0005154914,0.0003764225,0.001046141,0.0003583205],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001330847,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008915811,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03500907,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.06942915,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993273,0.0002177006,0.00004624269,0.00008234599,0.0001697801,0.0001566587],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.992359,0.002949981,0.002533593,0.0003764718,0.001150853,0.0006301635],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009879433,0.002146647,0.9488749,0.00009710108,0.0001664647,0.0001611503,0.006771537,0.001608163,0.003663276,0.005268782,0.0018618,0.02839237],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009357285,0.0001074786,0.9909696,0.00001702409,0.00003196246,0.00002555424,0.004453489,0.0003581835,0.0005807339,0.000417962,0.00301611,0.00001249415],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9881623,0.0001072598,0.0001225133,0.00138001,0.00002636324,0.00001323679,0.0001900949,0.000005853112,0.009992236],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9970869,0.0001243264,0.00008994142,0.0002702728,0.00002037177,0.00001129502,0.000163332,0.000004282586,0.002229278],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03500907,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0696106,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}