{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":7,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":7,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"1472aa00662c","filters":{"venue":"Maine law review"}},"results":[{"id":"W2253036634","doi":"","title":"Open Source Approaches in Biotechnology: Utopia Revisited","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Maine law review","topic":"CRISPR and Genetic Engineering","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Inefficiency; Argument (complex analysis); Field (mathematics); Open source; Criticism; Open innovation; Management science; Business; Biotechnology; Economics; Computer science; Political science; Marketing; Law; Biology","authors":[{"name":"Yann Joly","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01837962078774978,"gpt":0.2947667808200521,"spread":0.2763871600323023,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002748349,0.0001301316,0.000241734,0.00002164263,0.00002708859,0.00002192001,0.0003734378,0.0001088128,0.00002737604],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002771104,0.000118291,0.00005715735,0.0001679402,0.00003971152,0.000002269757,0.0002993103,0.00008392791,0.0000147361],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000008645219,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001101639,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001427756,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001533587,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991912,0.00003443289,0.000238701,0.000291675,0.00004965349,0.0001943486],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994953,0.000003914924,0.00004136388,0.0004227052,0.00001151161,0.00002523582],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006821462,0.0008813239,0.004033334,0.01071011,0.0001657172,0.00006670866,0.00002251777,0.00151261,0.2732391,0.4645015,0.0631659,0.181633],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002388993,0.00004595685,0.0003166007,0.0004691422,0.00001497942,0.00001965206,0.00000175424,0.00004765265,0.0206111,0.0001452765,0.9779199,0.0001690713],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.0736303,0.7930563,0.03467832,0.01024528,0.0001702795,0.003833653,0.00003293432,0.0001795339,0.08417337],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9358281,0.04450046,0.0086312,0.003768256,0.0003626666,0.000230156,0.0005890472,0.00008907459,0.006001013],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.914754,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4823768,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2763138432","doi":"","title":"Enforcement Dissonance: Lobsters, the Legislature, and Federal Waters in State v. Thomas","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Maine law review","topic":"Property Rights and Legal Doctrine","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Cognitive dissonance; Legislature; Enforcement; State (computer science); Political science; Law and economics; Fishery; Law; Economics; Biology; Psychology; Social psychology; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Christopher J. Rauscher","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04551994356527655,"gpt":0.2918166684997344,"spread":0.2462967249344579,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007968813,0.0001033861,0.0002015827,0.000007586082,0.0002912481,0.00006299343,0.0001996888,0.00002498489,0.0002770444],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001803981,0.00004761009,0.0000437358,0.0001230246,0.0002427357,0.0001780322,0.00005565063,0.0001233247,0.00001796534],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003432221,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002700486,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01268053,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006582825,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989883,0.0001775771,0.0002048915,0.0001587689,0.0001786435,0.0002918752],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996858,0.00002063266,0.00005285516,0.0001536148,0.00001992752,0.00006720969],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001360737,0.00003019127,0.0004780327,0.0002782776,0.00001249923,0.00002413077,0.006431531,1.04245e-7,0.000003554101,0.9705443,0.003511361,0.01867243],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001384085,0.00002471298,0.0008493444,0.0005305037,0.000008941468,0.000001444889,0.00005336012,0.000001518547,0.000009116401,0.003030866,0.9952563,0.00009548449],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.007813633,0.135243,0.00002328328,0.02080983,0.0003604813,0.001964174,0.000009969762,0.00007102763,0.8337047],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8511259,0.1289171,0.00009934317,0.006391144,0.00007661602,0.00004732515,0.000004381364,0.000009451814,0.01332874],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9917449,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9938941,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7006317170","doi":"","title":"The Use of American Precedents in Canadian Courts","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Maine law review","topic":"Canadian Identity and History","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Subpoena; Pretext; Government (linguistics); Work (physics); Gloom; Limiting","authors":[],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03465251296274413,"gpt":0.2982047500476032,"spread":0.2635522370848591,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005638314,0.00003462893,0.0001281915,0.00005721335,0.000517576,0.00008327653,0.0001865165,0.00001526425,0.0003289896],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002561772,0.00003293929,0.00003557337,0.0002995337,0.001334644,0.00007689545,0.00001067735,0.00004639941,0.0000782045],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005104431,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000705532,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9991205,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9999906,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992511,0.0001487545,0.0001435476,0.00007601393,0.0001368927,0.0002436916],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994902,0.00004986625,0.00006708975,0.0001579126,0.00005920364,0.0001757218],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003003628,0.00001797424,0.002711412,0.000207142,0.00001369058,0.00001146711,0.001779195,2.372439e-7,0.000001392973,0.5403719,0.3572645,0.09761802],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001873591,0.000009664033,0.001922405,0.0002746031,0.000006668619,2.591073e-7,0.00002033715,5.996784e-7,1.696638e-7,0.0001032782,0.9976047,0.00003855419],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.04214192,0.1169366,0.000004819814,0.08231728,0.002097861,0.002799549,0.000153524,0.00006386382,0.7534845],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7164145,0.2312052,0.0001702303,0.01892888,0.0005477085,0.00005934305,0.000009022723,0.0000278557,0.03263728],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7208472,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.491755,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2852858962","doi":"","title":"Volunteer Lawyers and Nation-Building: Using Experience to Serve the World Community","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Maine law review","topic":"Legal Education and Practice Innovations","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Law; Political science; Business; Sociology; Public relations; Law and economics","authors":[{"name":"Jean C. Berman","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2048538476620234,"gpt":0.4550879058964419,"spread":0.2502340582344185,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001365963,0.00006065852,0.0001050144,0.00002640595,0.002181379,0.00008544009,0.0002248342,0.00001672688,0.0003737788],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00095675,0.00004616392,0.00002449451,0.0009988997,0.0002655805,0.000401312,0.00005102775,0.0002567033,0.00002114915],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006489469,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001272615,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02806616,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0178863,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998908,0.0005018846,0.0001771116,0.00008320851,0.0001975142,0.0001322225],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999091,0.0003590438,0.00008169011,0.0002128513,0.0001849833,0.00007040677],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001409887,0.00004702195,0.001086218,0.00008995037,0.000007505636,8.346418e-7,0.02972128,0.000003450918,0.00003092827,0.9493869,0.01828535,0.001339184],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002142278,0.000003908232,0.0003917206,0.000188967,0.000009560317,0.000004598366,0.001164143,0.000007022578,0.00000817949,0.0002901483,0.9978459,0.00006445506],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.217228,0.01032585,0.0002544269,0.527236,0.0006968154,0.001055436,0.000006518635,0.0001074867,0.2430895],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.928508,0.002795873,0.002434412,0.06040676,0.0001757604,0.00005811195,0.000003357717,0.000008697967,0.005609013],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9795606,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9991177,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2621087158","doi":"","title":"Personal Jurisdiction in the Data Age: MacDermid v. Deiter's Adaptation of International Shoe Amidst Supreme Court Uncertainty","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Maine law review","topic":"Legal Systems and Judicial Processes","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Supreme court; Jurisdiction; Law; Political science; Personal jurisdiction; Original jurisdiction","authors":[{"name":"Ryan Almy","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06082935640126188,"gpt":0.3381627950855944,"spread":0.2773334386843325,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001608942,0.00008420253,0.0002066301,0.00002456564,0.0001598984,0.00008494692,0.0006382986,0.00004473904,0.0005552547],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001820114,0.00005878348,0.00004705269,0.0002661966,0.000169743,0.0005306508,0.00006599876,0.0001147407,0.00004043459],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008003359,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001013155,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1013068,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.04894423,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984685,0.0002950416,0.0003580819,0.0001891925,0.0005298968,0.0001593504],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993207,0.000101899,0.0001637213,0.0002103555,0.0001671404,0.00003617653],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003582139,0.0005572726,0.00982916,0.004169478,0.0001549373,0.00003665363,0.03612438,0.00007640041,0.0001464207,0.6930507,0.112055,0.1437637],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001512087,0.00002167342,0.002810078,0.001086115,0.00002995556,0.000002591762,0.001319729,0.0007476181,8.312645e-7,0.001358827,0.992373,0.00009836359],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.09494238,0.216054,0.002155493,0.2228512,0.003736623,0.01047738,0.0005210935,0.0003442997,0.4489176],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9875001,0.01003922,0.00006449215,0.00164069,0.0003741573,0.00005266746,0.0001497966,0.000005728397,0.0001730911],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8925578,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9684101,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3124387999","doi":"","title":"Legal Institutions of Farmland Succession: Implications for Sustainable Food Systems","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Maine law review","topic":"Agriculture, Land Use, Rural Development","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Ecological succession; Inheritance (genetic algorithm); Craft; Diversity (politics); Business; Agriculture; Control (management); Sustainable development; Property rights; Natural resource economics; Economics; Geography; Law; Ecology; Political science; Microeconomics; Management","authors":[{"name":"Jamie Baxter","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03107750400559856,"gpt":0.2607271036489926,"spread":0.229649599643394,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001696538,0.0001256695,0.0002937615,0.000004795911,0.0002851132,0.00006291283,0.000235956,0.00005230733,0.0001191123],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000444194,0.00003762203,0.000101901,0.0003261908,0.00004021544,0.0002129605,0.00006821655,0.00004955114,0.00002282179],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003350497,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000192411,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001119203,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002573058,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990632,0.00003703444,0.0003552359,0.0001880522,0.00009788368,0.0002586124],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992675,0.00007167849,0.0001379211,0.00007615838,0.0003554908,0.00009125999],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000128919,0.00004854745,0.0006612291,0.000886822,0.00001563452,2.871555e-7,0.000003130405,0.000001838451,0.0001905402,0.9689795,0.02631437,0.002896781],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008823783,0.0001119554,0.02957761,0.0005248482,0.00002887194,0.000009660346,0.00005167427,0.000001698065,0.00005093838,0.004738318,0.9646791,0.000137096],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7258274,0.1508529,0.0003564708,0.04113652,0.0005386876,0.01910278,0.0005775816,0.0004208138,0.06118686],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9929891,0.002822124,0.0001329507,0.0006702838,0.0001317801,0.001032119,0.0002894489,9.85518e-7,0.001931207],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9642412,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2192889,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2765267238","doi":"","title":"Rewriting Hockey's Unwritten Rules: Moore v. Bertuzzi","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Maine law review","topic":"Legal Systems and Judicial Processes","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Rewriting; Law and economics; Programming language; Law; Computer science; Political science; Sociology","authors":[{"name":"Patrick K. Thornton","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0404144973460183,"gpt":0.3595711320834672,"spread":0.3191566347374489,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001538743,0.0001380905,0.0004328814,0.0000125026,0.002516723,0.0003732922,0.0007273312,0.00008364126,0.0003330726],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001121683,0.0001160133,0.000133261,0.00009016145,0.0003594598,0.0004758465,0.000127664,0.0001485417,0.0003693425],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005774981,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001141447,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.04508648,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01140908,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984425,0.0001582555,0.0003468948,0.0002656768,0.0003893022,0.0003973473],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987948,0.00006582994,0.0003166189,0.0005031231,0.000159467,0.0001601571],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001828137,0.00002517026,0.0007603373,0.002292633,0.00001943723,0.00002817941,0.0005347505,4.396136e-8,0.000006183902,0.944157,0.01795029,0.03422416],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009838765,0.00001291085,0.0002844608,0.004836328,0.00003608951,0.000002417816,0.0001638914,7.694849e-7,0.000004893109,0.005574704,0.988814,0.0001711583],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.001531673,0.08444555,0.00001712445,0.03188168,0.0002996114,0.0005987275,0.00001118443,0.0001210549,0.8810934],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9325551,0.05383215,0.0002047621,0.005924131,0.002096963,0.000062931,0.000008854406,0.00002825815,0.005286797],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9708637,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9987819,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}