{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":39,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":2,"predictions_cover":39,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"query_hash":"0a2f5cffbcb9","filters":{"venue":"Materials Today Energy"}},"results":[{"id":"W2790589394","doi":"10.1016/j.mtener.2018.02.003","title":"2D Hydrogenated graphene-like borophene as a high capacity anode material for improved Li/Na ion batteries: A first principles study","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials Today Energy","topic":"Advancements in Battery Materials","field":"Engineering","cited_by":141,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"European Research Council; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Center for Visual Science; University of Toronto; Compute Canada; Canada Foundation for Innovation; Government of Ontario","keywords":"Materials science; Borophene; Anode; Nanosheet; Germanene; Phosphorene; Graphene; Hydrogen storage; Nanotechnology; Energy storage; Chemical engineering; Monolayer; Boron; Lithium (medication); Intercalation (chemistry); Electronics; Electrode; Composite material; Inorganic chemistry; Alloy; Organic chemistry; Physical chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01507097589799344,"gpt":0.2254540504113299,"spread":0.2103830745133364,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004862194,0.0008209079,0.001018544,0.0002251236,0.0003904201,0.0003823354,0.0006300276,0.000290966,0.003231424],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006622459,0.0007992857,0.00008529377,0.0002262062,0.0002047349,0.000453353,0.0002957001,0.00006346648,0.00007806197],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002173125,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003074623,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009697591,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000347534,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9963614,0.0001745644,0.001253564,0.000866481,0.0003117299,0.001032217],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982445,0.00006795821,0.0002971947,0.001016883,0.0001903261,0.0001831465],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007625262,0.000234229,0.00003281503,0.0001704041,0.0002726184,0.00001149152,0.0005366099,0.00126361,0.9950274,0.0005217824,0.001026,0.0001405615],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002054232,0.0009698768,0.0002595108,0.00007725787,0.0001068445,0.00001720465,0.00008510493,0.0004105504,0.9738498,0.001494917,0.01976664,0.0009080849],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9812138,0.00001897289,0.002943664,0.00004485175,0.01233042,0.001162257,0.00116295,0.0009778319,0.000145247],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9932795,0.00003164686,0.001996544,0.0003499237,0.001907768,0.00133943,0.0005043792,0.0002973826,0.0002934578],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02117757,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994458,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3135323440","doi":"10.1016/j.mtener.2021.100712","title":"Humidity-sensitive, shape-controllable, and transient zinc-ion batteries based on plasticizing gelatin-silk protein electrolytes","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials Today Energy","topic":"Advanced battery technologies research","field":"Engineering","cited_by":66,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; Major Scientific and Technological Innovation Project of Shandong Province; National Health and Medical Research Council; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Materials science; Battery (electricity); Gelatin; Electrolyte; Fibroin; Transient (computer programming); Composite material; Electrode; Nanotechnology; Chemical engineering; SILK; Computer science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008668013996732482,"gpt":0.2093729139218351,"spread":0.2007048999251026,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001511053,0.0003271537,0.0004417042,0.00017254,0.0001360246,0.0001539086,0.00013294,0.0001835965,0.0004151288],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001562281,0.0003207205,0.00004068767,0.0002125984,0.00009341864,0.0001534068,0.00006985855,0.000170155,0.00001412409],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001049429,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002984222,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001572993,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003102349,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982104,0.0001253099,0.0003492104,0.0004302939,0.0002817881,0.0006030094],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992561,0.0002062932,0.00004668641,0.0003358174,0.0000780645,0.00007708308],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001429707,0.00002854781,0.000009864942,0.00009555738,0.00003178785,0.0001185684,0.00002249406,0.01424225,0.9809512,0.0005099025,0.0001623831,0.003684468],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007273132,0.0001555939,0.0002803633,0.0001387966,0.00001058582,0.00001338963,0.00003808753,0.01363176,0.9806292,0.0002216034,0.003830043,0.000323259],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9846188,0.0001752706,0.01179512,0.0003969586,0.0002761458,0.0002097865,0.00005863092,0.0006837964,0.001785442],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973095,0.00009858688,0.001753409,0.0001792627,0.0001197361,0.0001617876,0.00006412016,0.00008109522,0.0002325093],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01269064,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999245,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3124483499","doi":"10.1016/j.mtener.2020.100625","title":"Thermoelectric generation via tellurene for wearable applications: recent advances, research challenges, and future perspectives","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials Today Energy","topic":"Advanced Thermoelectric Materials and Devices","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":63,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; McMaster University","keywords":"Thermoelectric effect; Wearable computer; Thermoelectric materials; Thermoelectric generator; Wearable technology; Materials science; Nanotechnology; Electronics; Thermoelectric cooling; Computer science; Mechanical engineering; Engineering physics; Electrical engineering; Engineering; Embedded system","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0356742192898165,"gpt":0.3018699251988041,"spread":0.2661957059089876,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001008205,0.0002568527,0.0004113975,0.0001203809,0.0004482037,0.0002242549,0.0002199401,0.0001756613,0.001249965],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006178257,0.0002253005,0.00003581176,0.000305741,0.00009121777,0.000318632,0.0001002124,0.00006786599,0.00002330609],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001034573,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001112993,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002489057,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006514587,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9973556,0.0004426107,0.0004190525,0.0008515181,0.0003390687,0.00059218],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984872,0.0001382337,0.0001723951,0.000467286,0.0006236312,0.000111262],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007956816,0.0000796949,9.825899e-8,0.00006982462,0.000009968704,0.000003032211,0.000274992,0.00001272276,0.787295,0.03535837,0.00008681934,0.1767299],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002770701,0.0000929123,0.000006576809,0.00001258956,0.000009839443,0.00002202047,0.0003965967,0.00003177101,0.6551977,0.01358426,0.3301796,0.0001890565],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.128795,0.8403925,0.02131387,0.002619505,0.001791826,0.001203937,0.000113233,0.0002985704,0.003471576],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.4945893,0.4906227,0.006493854,0.0001633668,0.005265992,0.001771486,0.0001489678,0.00008684382,0.0008575423],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3657943,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996631,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4384156417","doi":"10.1016/j.mtener.2023.101366","title":"Two-dimensional MXene incorporating for electron and hole transport in high-performance perovskite solar cells","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials Today Energy","topic":"MXene and MAX Phase Materials","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":48,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning; National Research Foundation of Korea; Deanship of Scientific Research, King Khalid University","keywords":"MXenes; Materials science; Photovoltaic system; Perovskite (structure); Energy conversion efficiency; Engineering physics; Nanotechnology; Renewable energy; Energy transformation; Carbide; Optoelectronics; Electrical engineering; Chemical engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009903781911964393,"gpt":0.2274316601901952,"spread":0.2175278782782308,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001364625,0.0003260928,0.0005934432,0.0002464317,0.0001967325,0.0001265292,0.0002196805,0.0001400771,0.0003418612],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000242012,0.0003004247,0.00003890173,0.0002560718,0.00008110439,0.0003494665,0.0001042728,0.00004641497,0.00007155714],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004559969,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007973998,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009322284,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001347107,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9975612,0.0001289074,0.0007270282,0.0006134002,0.0002679752,0.0007014994],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992045,0.000084722,0.0002238225,0.0002957702,0.00008135788,0.0001098117],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002528279,0.00004138869,0.00005314745,0.0001090895,0.000006735448,0.00002150951,0.00007866613,0.003541668,0.9939839,0.001300015,0.000333508,0.0002775467],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001409703,0.0001984482,0.0006909914,0.00007396568,0.0000178852,0.00000650795,0.00001457335,0.0002969489,0.9946511,0.001214174,0.001061458,0.0003642941],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9976436,0.00003426858,0.00006481336,0.0001327423,0.001351097,0.0002770287,0.0002038114,0.0002055537,0.00008701422],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9966547,0.00006408436,0.001379193,0.0003578584,0.0004017597,0.0002670887,0.000349704,0.0000665905,0.0004590201],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003244719,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999448,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385337234","doi":"10.1016/j.mtener.2023.101374","title":"Direct recycling of degraded lithium-ion batteries of an electric vehicle using hydrothermal relithiation","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials Today Energy","topic":"Extraction and Separation Processes","field":"Engineering","cited_by":39,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Ministero dello Sviluppo Economico; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Hydrothermal circulation; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Lithium (medication); Cathode; Sintering; Calcination; Langmuir adsorption model; Adsorption; Metallurgy; Chemistry; Physical chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0185053923008521,"gpt":0.2476048287631317,"spread":0.2290994364622796,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002167176,0.0001022487,0.0002125619,0.0001799451,0.00004091201,0.00002526672,0.00006797037,0.000114587,0.0001159228],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003325654,0.0001046496,0.00002623862,0.0003653308,0.00001314719,0.0002613014,0.000009343998,0.00003552428,0.000004926077],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002190505,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001603562,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001677344,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001437411,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991491,0.00006654609,0.0003958761,0.0001165135,0.0001316265,0.0001403055],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996351,0.00003860733,0.000115029,0.0001297947,0.00005283016,0.00002862327],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002737937,0.0000127815,0.00003704945,0.0000832974,0.00001315253,8.539133e-7,0.0002165101,0.03457908,0.9640573,0.0002489116,0.00005902507,0.0006646148],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001285517,0.00003453194,0.0008515249,0.00003383802,0.000009806368,0.000002062665,0.00003719945,0.02272839,0.9751099,0.0001427917,0.0008190363,0.0001023427],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9975855,0.00007999657,0.0005471066,0.00001351676,0.0004484703,0.00003929964,0.00000880243,0.000261236,0.001016089],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992087,0.0001453409,0.0002157861,0.00001692789,0.0001032057,0.00001027599,0.0000471981,0.00003180232,0.0002207719],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01185069,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4267485,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404877240","doi":"10.1016/j.mtener.2024.101754","title":"A comprehensive review on the boosted effects of anion vacancy in the photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical water-splitting: Focus on oxygen vacancy","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Materials Today Energy","topic":"Advanced Photocatalysis Techniques","field":"Energy","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Brock University","funders":"","keywords":"Water splitting; Materials science; Vacancy defect; Photocatalysis; Ion; Focus (optics); Oxygen; Inorganic chemistry; Photochemistry; Engineering physics; Condensed matter physics; Catalysis; Optics; Chemistry; Physics; Organic chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02208934645983498,"gpt":0.299962346836214,"spread":0.277873000376379,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007006634,0.001126557,0.003191758,0.0003053116,0.00009348454,0.00008967996,0.001069266,0.0004859105,0.0001072065],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001784605,0.0005338848,0.0004760464,0.0006819105,0.0001403495,0.00005911963,0.0003502012,0.0005842118,0.00005436292],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002350698,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007615557,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008412125,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003010105,"domain_scores_codex":[0.994739,0.001351055,0.001612438,0.001073156,0.0005378411,0.0006865342],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9963701,0.001268614,0.0006183058,0.001586515,0.00007684504,0.00007955759],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003296733,0.0006369018,8.190497e-8,0.3007281,0.001387965,0.0004365114,0.0006514753,0.000003890844,0.2269756,0.0335363,0.006802194,0.4285113],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001543913,0.0002669747,2.24071e-7,0.06177292,0.0008575583,0.00005168112,0.000005679285,0.000001029213,0.4345773,0.003042016,0.498827,0.0004432328],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.001006517,0.994459,0.000005660901,0.0001352474,0.0002398966,0.003117665,0.00004928044,0.0001623067,0.0008244742],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.009764568,0.9835311,0.00002622535,0.0008278569,0.0001989821,0.004794938,0.0005329747,0.0002093483,0.0001140683],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4920248,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997113,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4387373592","doi":"10.1016/j.mtener.2023.101431","title":"Highly durable triboelectric nanogenerators based on fibrous fluoropolymer composite mats with enhanced mechanical and dielectric properties","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials Today Energy","topic":"Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials","field":"Engineering","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Ontario Tech University; University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Triboelectric effect; Materials science; Composite material; Nanogenerator; Polyvinylidene fluoride; Composite number; Dielectric; Nanotechnology; Polymer; Piezoelectricity; Optoelectronics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00783216996577099,"gpt":0.1813061668428954,"spread":0.1734739968771244,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001417168,0.00041818,0.0005347101,0.0002861673,0.0001847083,0.0001600369,0.0001476595,0.0001528678,0.00009430858],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002728957,0.0003215113,0.00003535893,0.000593441,0.00004493409,0.0001289916,0.00003192042,0.00006673448,0.00004162061],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006450004,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002213053,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001000032,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001060827,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998163,0.0001163945,0.0003985627,0.000418123,0.0002549263,0.0006489836],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99937,0.00007061644,0.0000692363,0.0003102278,0.00004163252,0.0001383109],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002430392,0.00001884629,0.000001256787,0.00007691661,0.00003350269,0.00003192746,0.0000216047,0.06294951,0.934887,0.0005172008,0.0001975965,0.001021585],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006530954,0.0002611591,0.00004479323,0.0001033315,0.0000245378,0.00001394176,0.000005679528,0.008198599,0.9894756,0.00008621169,0.0006730692,0.0004599516],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9953038,0.0001441396,0.001846374,0.00004206384,0.0006215849,0.0001208267,0.00002400826,0.001320655,0.0005765089],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979599,0.0002318617,0.0004407027,0.0001203101,0.0001956748,0.0001332807,0.00009056,0.0001449189,0.000682849],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05475091,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999237,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2982077337","doi":"10.1016/j.mtener.2019.100353","title":"ALD derived Fe3+- doping toward high performance P2–Na0.75Ni0.2Co0.2Mn0.6O2 cathode material for sodium ion batteries","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials Today Energy","topic":"Advancements in Battery Materials","field":"Engineering","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; Tianjin Science and Technology Committee; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Materials science; Cathode; Faraday efficiency; Annealing (glass); Electrochemistry; Doping; Anode; Atomic layer deposition; Chemical engineering; Graphene; Oxide; Ion; Nanotechnology; Layer (electronics); Composite material; Metallurgy; Optoelectronics; Electrode; Chemistry; Physical chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01165655182251116,"gpt":0.2145679809798597,"spread":0.2029114291573485,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000389957,0.0007258152,0.0009906358,0.0001825515,0.000176877,0.0003873302,0.0005634984,0.000309774,0.003539062],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002492161,0.0007315408,0.00007064077,0.000110913,0.0000816108,0.0007448872,0.0002551255,0.00008040591,0.0002446393],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002368778,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003271266,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001286884,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006710574,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9967477,0.0001143696,0.001043573,0.000695142,0.0003368593,0.001062362],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986922,0.0000746277,0.0002464905,0.0007711041,0.00009470483,0.0001209017],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003224187,0.00002714634,0.00007000543,0.0007701449,0.00007403107,0.000006035072,0.00020633,0.004900059,0.9909503,0.0005776054,0.001424745,0.0006711994],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00115463,0.0001736532,0.0006629361,0.0001972871,0.00004309304,0.00001977096,0.00004918009,0.0001794502,0.9808185,0.0004196517,0.01545449,0.0008274367],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9724426,0.00004946633,0.004581254,0.0001452321,0.02061378,0.0006147043,0.000471529,0.0007539738,0.0003275025],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9898301,0.0001963839,0.005184801,0.0004655457,0.001919968,0.0005972128,0.0007440386,0.0002814312,0.0007804882],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01869382,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995136,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4367301417","doi":"10.1016/j.mtener.2023.101320","title":"Solving the Li7La3Zr2O12 electrochemical stability window puzzle","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials Today Energy","topic":"Advancements in Battery Materials","field":"Engineering","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Electrolyte; Materials science; Electrochemical window; Electrochemistry; Redox; Lithium (medication); Ionic conductivity; Ceramic; Powder diffraction; Dopant; Conductivity; Chemical engineering; Fast ion conductor; Nanotechnology; Doping; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Electrode; Composite material; Optoelectronics; Metallurgy; Physical chemistry; Crystallography; Chemistry; Organic chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01201551957592517,"gpt":0.2149670325471459,"spread":0.2029515129712208,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000456288,0.0002560528,0.0003071597,0.00005781408,0.0001458509,0.0001271264,0.0003826658,0.0001082479,0.001757049],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007289716,0.0002002746,0.00003620318,0.000229917,0.00006802856,0.0001606342,0.0001673454,0.00007037982,0.000240758],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009757151,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009947985,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002323188,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000938472,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983453,0.00009787283,0.000435288,0.000280507,0.0002279447,0.0006130847],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991819,0.0001234888,0.00005197247,0.0005555206,0.00002818872,0.00005894323],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001552262,0.000009262812,0.00002219448,0.00003640293,0.0000254574,0.000005530193,0.00009448177,0.0005144981,0.9953719,0.0007948221,0.002811668,0.0002982153],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001547047,0.00001296859,0.0002119558,0.00001554068,0.00001015415,0.000006025062,0.00003033462,0.0001057046,0.9805741,0.002002062,0.016646,0.0002304761],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9927995,0.00006850949,0.001518922,0.0001926508,0.002543729,0.0001383128,0.00003453318,0.001196554,0.001507242],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982574,0.00009143145,0.0001960221,0.0001824855,0.0006045052,0.000166868,0.00009790769,0.00008400266,0.0003193528],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01479787,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9991555,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2898907800","doi":"10.1016/j.mtener.2018.10.007","title":"First-principles investigation of Ag-, Co-, Cr-, Cu-, Fe-, Mn-, Ni-, Pd- and Rh-hexaaminobenzene 2D metal-organic frameworks","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials Today Energy","topic":"Graphene research and applications","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"European Research Council","keywords":"Materials science; Spintronics; Transition metal; Thermal stability; Monolayer; Metal; Chemical physics; Nanotechnology; Condensed matter physics; Chemical engineering; Ferromagnetism; Metallurgy; Chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02359524672583458,"gpt":0.2636107570128165,"spread":0.2400155102869819,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007772814,0.0002909556,0.0004821271,0.0001820972,0.0003621022,0.0002150617,0.0004889369,0.0003191975,0.003034628],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002078799,0.0002602421,0.00005564867,0.0003760121,0.0006767579,0.0002723715,0.0002742952,0.0001067849,0.0001632277],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004056474,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009874548,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009140904,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003928524,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9975227,0.0002274933,0.0006601993,0.0005820586,0.0004569934,0.000550622],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982879,0.0001490624,0.000334186,0.0006996515,0.0002562348,0.0002729527],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004346418,0.00004318718,0.0003662933,0.00006042254,0.00002197032,0.000001930135,0.0002049366,0.00001140506,0.9788879,0.01908093,0.001144995,0.0001325618],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003039328,0.0001654621,0.005764587,0.00007643088,0.00003077304,0.00001032507,0.00005915346,0.00008801907,0.9769298,0.01055296,0.005751617,0.0002669854],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9965297,0.0002338184,0.00146127,0.0004404765,0.0003980877,0.0002020592,0.0001670247,0.0001204941,0.0004470588],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9956894,0.0002758456,0.002682625,0.0002250792,0.0004248263,0.0001262399,0.0001090938,0.00004830454,0.00041862],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.008527975,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999985,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4367315630","doi":"10.1016/j.mtener.2023.101297","title":"Perylene diimide derivatives with diverse ionic functionality as cathode interlayer for ZnO-free inverted non-fullerene organic solar cells","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials Today Energy","topic":"Organic Electronics and Photovoltaics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Research Foundation of Korea; CHEO Research Institute","keywords":"Materials science; Thermal stability; Diimide; Perylene; Cathode; Fullerene; Lithium (medication); Energy conversion efficiency; Organic solar cell; Ionic liquid; Chemical engineering; Optoelectronics; Organic chemistry; Physical chemistry; Composite material; Chemistry; Catalysis; Polymer","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01015818333430996,"gpt":0.1982057795742343,"spread":0.1880475962399243,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002629132,0.0003349224,0.000386934,0.0001301967,0.0001575636,0.00009595168,0.0003309334,0.000158597,0.001243668],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004238594,0.0002996382,0.00006192831,0.0003692501,0.00004100549,0.0001322724,0.0001547665,0.00009440546,0.00009634477],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001511843,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009408832,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004288633,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000599279,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984818,0.00005122946,0.0003439212,0.0003662072,0.0002072126,0.000549708],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991114,0.00009903349,0.0000754692,0.000506247,0.00009671516,0.0001112035],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000106167,0.00002942191,0.00002065614,0.00008187866,0.0001683696,0.000008455851,0.0002960381,0.00211268,0.9903147,0.0003921739,0.006308677,0.0001608381],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008926099,0.0002073848,0.0002345343,0.00003838909,0.00005073809,0.000007710707,0.0001008179,0.001523253,0.986828,0.001697999,0.008024777,0.000393803],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9926645,0.00006200871,0.004930277,0.0001011725,0.001152321,0.0002093979,0.0001773049,0.0004912407,0.0002117862],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973624,0.000358533,0.0002731785,0.0001627777,0.0002699193,0.000124189,0.0003070504,0.0001372056,0.00100472],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.004697936,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999456,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4413268535","doi":"10.1016/j.mtener.2025.101998","title":"Structure and evolution of solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) at the electrode-electrolyte interface","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials Today Energy","topic":"Advanced Battery Materials and Technologies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; National Key Research and Development Program of China Stem Cell and Translational Research; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Canadian Anesthesiologists' Society","keywords":"Electrolyte; Materials science; Interphase; Electrode; Interface (matter); Chemical engineering; Composite material; Physical chemistry; Chemistry; Biology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.002063479765185575,"gpt":0.2040946464164056,"spread":0.20203116665122,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009452135,0.0002485883,0.0003647027,0.000123874,0.0000845286,0.00003975728,0.0002405731,0.00014838,0.0001653694],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002557557,0.0001818891,0.00003303822,0.0001659304,0.0001082685,0.00009967748,0.0001671505,0.0000851311,0.000002033792],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001265692,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001551816,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004617835,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009025954,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989047,0.00004638516,0.0003682322,0.0002333419,0.0000844468,0.0003629003],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994791,0.00003812124,0.00008364299,0.0003443843,0.00003400911,0.00002078576],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001204357,0.000006869679,0.00001106177,0.00005913592,0.00008210864,0.000001145164,0.00002200494,0.001465251,0.9910126,0.004565843,0.0008879591,0.001765575],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002661956,0.00008340169,0.0001142322,0.00004514838,0.00003295167,0.00001462567,0.00001522991,0.0003312165,0.9877911,0.008685841,0.002461244,0.0001588757],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9780979,0.002662043,0.01786285,0.0001641203,0.0005315019,0.000103493,0.00007611857,0.0003084168,0.0001935355],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988938,0.0004056129,0.0001172038,0.00005573713,0.00005635604,0.00003134304,0.00001754317,0.00003085155,0.0003915447],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02079589,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7417223,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3131354749","doi":"10.1016/j.mtener.2021.100682","title":"Super-assembled carbon nanofibers decorated with dual catalytically active sites as bifunctional oxygen catalysts for rechargeable Zn-air batteries","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials Today Energy","topic":"Electrocatalysts for Energy Conversion","field":"Energy","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province; Shanghai Municipal Education Commission; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Bifunctional; Materials science; Electrocatalyst; Catalysis; Oxygen evolution; Chemical engineering; Electrolyte; Calcination; Battery (electricity); Nanofiber; Bifunctional catalyst; Carbon fibers; Carbon nanofiber; Nanotechnology; Inorganic chemistry; Electrode; Carbon nanotube; Electrochemistry; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Composite material; Composite number","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00966273860271533,"gpt":0.2149839360752205,"spread":0.2053211974725052,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003319915,0.0006688338,0.0008595486,0.0002565753,0.0004749267,0.0001550295,0.0003387903,0.0004034971,0.00076111],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002142189,0.0006083166,0.0001647146,0.0006701676,0.0001120662,0.0004728293,0.0003550071,0.0001123691,0.00006635981],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005120139,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000702513,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0102266,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00837199,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9962296,0.0002207484,0.0006771756,0.001147153,0.0007223971,0.001002852],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.997443,0.0002838566,0.0002700588,0.0007838261,0.0009397392,0.0002795448],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002059459,0.0001704266,0.00004834638,0.00006387837,0.0006085549,0.0001672275,0.0002417364,0.0004640907,0.9794504,0.01457463,0.001815948,0.0003353296],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001788266,0.0004930162,0.0001481417,0.00006922829,0.0002274831,0.0002234234,0.0002549129,0.00009870326,0.980572,0.001357916,0.01398328,0.0007835914],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9920919,0.0001047941,0.0001641274,0.000660939,0.001018286,0.0002003557,0.00006022288,0.0003695039,0.005329906],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9816389,0.00004554234,0.0009078612,0.0007192609,0.0004723544,0.0003508872,0.00536487,0.0002022764,0.01029804],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01321671,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996368,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3175674495","doi":"10.1016/j.mtener.2021.100806","title":"Porous carbonized cotton loaded with Zn–Cu–M(M=O, S) nanocomposites for electrochemical energy storage and oxygen evolution reaction","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials Today Energy","topic":"Supercapacitor Materials and Fabrication","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Ministry of Education and Child Care; University of Calgary","funders":"China Scholarship Council; Donghua University; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Materials science; Carbonization; Nanocomposite; Porosity; Energy storage; Chemical engineering; Electrochemistry; Oxygen evolution; Electrochemical energy storage; Oxygen; Supercapacitor; Composite material; Electrode; Scanning electron microscope; Organic chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006920783155977693,"gpt":0.1993476014879017,"spread":0.192426818331924,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003002185,0.0003275368,0.000521678,0.00008605971,0.0002233655,0.0002791455,0.0001550669,0.0002325246,0.000181119],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005078065,0.0002897775,0.00004880313,0.0001577481,0.0001000045,0.0003089351,0.00007196673,0.0000377098,0.000006625497],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020568,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001160132,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009889182,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007812293,"domain_scores_codex":[0.997824,0.0002222163,0.0004811503,0.0007017988,0.0002824408,0.0004883596],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989036,0.00009147664,0.0002245078,0.0003872239,0.0002660257,0.0001271823],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006456727,0.00008230229,0.0000192187,0.0000446698,0.00002572411,0.000009745191,0.00009310692,0.00000350101,0.9918823,0.00676821,0.000251503,0.0001740672],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001099021,0.0001863829,0.000459174,0.00004611433,0.00007311074,0.0001393724,0.0000738884,0.00005018678,0.9938729,0.0008705453,0.002742715,0.0003865485],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9885505,0.0006426444,0.009123242,0.0001465268,0.0009313137,0.0001488716,0.00006771734,0.0002327084,0.0001564987],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9960329,0.00008833551,0.001975005,0.0001685083,0.0006628094,0.0002621297,0.0004734117,0.00006291182,0.0002739766],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.007482435,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999554,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4200031956","doi":"10.1016/j.mtener.2021.100932","title":"Insight into the defective sites of TiO2/sepiolite composite on formaldehyde removal and H2 evolution","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials Today Energy","topic":"Advanced Photocatalysis Techniques","field":"Energy","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; China Scholarship Council; National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents; University of Alberta","keywords":"X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; Photocatalysis; Sepiolite; Materials science; Electron paramagnetic resonance; Formaldehyde; Oxygen; Chemical engineering; Composite number; Radical; Vacancy defect; Photochemistry; Composite material; Catalysis; Organic chemistry; Chemistry; Crystallography; Nuclear magnetic resonance","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008037207743162468,"gpt":0.23879440957332,"spread":0.2307572018301575,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002214976,0.0002202067,0.0003869413,0.0000987266,0.000150104,0.00004853009,0.0001579816,0.0001381331,0.000127932],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007937513,0.0001666826,0.00007547659,0.0002397852,0.0001336252,0.0001814004,0.0001900624,0.00007201878,0.00001088344],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001090752,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002744748,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002000022,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007257712,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985279,0.0002833219,0.0004074739,0.0003359093,0.0002191545,0.0002262122],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989199,0.000149358,0.0002099274,0.0005080254,0.000163034,0.00004975399],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001250009,0.0000482078,0.00006647503,0.00002121244,0.00005593646,0.0000148974,0.0006299009,0.0003972333,0.8618305,0.1353546,0.00005565154,0.001400388],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002241015,0.00008305276,0.001214045,0.00005567952,0.00003961694,0.00003244248,0.00005520205,0.00005537467,0.9436964,0.02514527,0.0292219,0.0001769289],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9801908,0.0006499829,0.001387585,0.00007334995,0.0001610765,0.0001092076,0.00001714205,0.0001367067,0.01727421],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9962921,0.0001946034,0.00232162,0.0002580743,0.0001191872,0.0000698556,0.0001792011,0.000031748,0.0005336136],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1102093,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6797119,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408814570","doi":"10.1016/j.mtener.2025.101868","title":"Exploring the limitations and unlocking the potential of sodium-ion battery cathodes","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials Today Energy","topic":"Advancements in Battery Materials","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Cathode; Battery (electricity); Sodium; Sodium-ion battery; Ion; Engineering physics; Nanotechnology; Anode; Electrical engineering; Engineering; Metallurgy; Electrode; Organic chemistry; Physical chemistry; Thermodynamics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03890386098004524,"gpt":0.229754893950037,"spread":0.1908510329699918,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002686575,0.000146337,0.0001914492,0.00006869029,0.000154369,0.0000923888,0.0001989229,0.00003260289,0.00003848194],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003631667,0.00009599391,0.00001916405,0.00009982068,0.00008085052,0.0001842429,0.0001247023,0.00003605917,0.000002388608],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002337953,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007445485,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000484,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008703502,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991203,0.0001064625,0.0003464971,0.0001353847,0.0001025851,0.000188751],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994447,0.0001612792,0.00005845405,0.0002935831,0.000027853,0.00001417909],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001442557,0.000007784867,0.0000141188,0.00005479343,0.00004457015,0.000001277871,0.0002709379,0.01032988,0.9786745,0.005235619,0.0002895949,0.00506253],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001544475,0.000009544764,0.001979033,0.00007664669,0.00003933102,0.000003569075,0.0002451475,0.0001426145,0.9913971,0.002153708,0.003683866,0.0001149699],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9846281,0.0001916883,0.01076614,0.00036815,0.003337292,0.00009748863,0.00001753004,0.00009236907,0.0005012338],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998364,0.0006214757,0.0003560898,0.0001740448,0.0001948549,0.0001331531,0.00001150037,0.0000243196,0.000120563],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01373589,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3914518,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4377246765","doi":"10.1016/j.mtener.2023.101333","title":"Improvement of vanadium redox flow battery performance obtained by compression and laser perforation of electrospun electrodes","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials Today Energy","topic":"Advanced battery technologies research","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University; University of Calgary; University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Materials science; Tortuosity; Porosity; Composite material; Electrode; Perforation; Permeability (electromagnetism); Compression (physics); Membrane","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.004901822451984022,"gpt":0.2049333299336792,"spread":0.2000315074816951,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001544462,0.0001501193,0.0002637895,0.0001634915,0.00004279105,0.00001651633,0.0001534439,0.00009867582,0.00007835552],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001822592,0.0001387919,0.00001724507,0.0002286794,0.00005723841,0.0001458473,0.00009321285,0.00006168534,0.000002230031],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005176005,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001136156,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002955907,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006230146,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998958,0.00002053033,0.0003266117,0.0001774243,0.0001795189,0.0003378957],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995777,0.00003271292,0.00006508706,0.0002449653,0.00004827744,0.00003124373],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004518676,0.00001061765,0.00008808789,0.0001562823,0.00002111849,9.010787e-7,0.0000206755,0.006635253,0.9826822,0.00003110886,0.002641713,0.007666877],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002395203,0.000222603,0.0003756061,0.00003413475,0.000004592026,0.000001076561,0.00001599143,0.01583208,0.9821257,0.0001203531,0.0009040787,0.0001242917],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9963854,0.00009516346,0.00288833,0.00005463425,0.000129562,0.00009467648,0.00004494329,0.0002408931,0.00006643009],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979851,0.0008990702,0.0005896883,0.0000148195,0.00002960119,0.00005991332,0.0001519994,0.00003486372,0.000234954],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.009196825,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5659772,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412538676","doi":"10.1016/j.mtener.2025.101986","title":"Role of bifunctional additives towards highly efficient and stable tin perovskite solar cells","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials Today Energy","topic":"Perovskite Materials and Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"National University of Sciences and Technology; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Pakistan Science Foundation","keywords":"Materials science; Bifunctional; Perovskite (structure); Tin; Chemical engineering; Nanotechnology; Engineering physics; Metallurgy; Organic chemistry; Catalysis","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.002797248231789318,"gpt":0.1736752190980178,"spread":0.1708779708662284,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001322106,0.0001616467,0.0002625503,0.0001132432,0.00007164252,0.00006701578,0.0001017375,0.00008611861,0.0006028402],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009978103,0.0001527414,0.00003009316,0.0001264118,0.0000533198,0.00004615438,0.00007219314,0.00002781492,0.00001045605],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002956989,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002440285,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002108464,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007340499,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991639,0.00003391769,0.0003055596,0.0001913058,0.0001026884,0.0002026001],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996291,0.00003045906,0.00004393183,0.0001854903,0.00006432342,0.00004665327],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001447394,0.00003100279,0.000002932644,0.00005941618,0.00003117685,3.328859e-7,0.00006604844,0.004814975,0.9843497,0.007709121,0.001352717,0.001568082],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001750009,0.00001414416,0.0007423575,0.00003980003,0.00001768033,8.682093e-7,0.00005151747,0.0008758144,0.9420197,0.0005103642,0.05542234,0.0001304196],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9917513,0.0003406102,0.001822692,0.0000473964,0.0005245136,0.00008009108,0.000668827,0.0001393478,0.004625263],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985791,0.0001888345,0.0004226359,0.00004638282,0.0001190533,0.00007799279,0.00009897844,0.00002249691,0.0004445555],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05406962,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6600677,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3159597999","doi":"10.1016/j.mtener.2021.100778","title":"Multifunctional nanolayered renewable carbon for electromagnetic interference and energy devices","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials Today Energy","topic":"Electromagnetic wave absorption materials","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University; University of Toronto","funders":"Government of Canada; Government of Ontario","keywords":"Materials science; Graphene; Electromagnetic shielding; Microwave; Electrical conductor; Electromagnetic interference; Carbon fibers; Nanotechnology; Dielectric; Optoelectronics; Composite material; Electrical engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01127564228169894,"gpt":0.2177439446302733,"spread":0.2064683023485744,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004433234,0.0003950594,0.0005992183,0.0001180965,0.0001973892,0.0004352218,0.0002836427,0.0002137476,0.002920497],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001663608,0.0003873275,0.00005944928,0.0001711384,0.0001166091,0.0001877893,0.0002047822,0.00003647434,0.00001396365],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007789506,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001792449,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001714139,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008429745,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9970175,0.0003425285,0.000722837,0.0008947866,0.0002905089,0.0007318216],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985677,0.0002064055,0.0002722002,0.000481581,0.0003128308,0.0001592598],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002128438,0.00006582208,0.00001084011,0.00006062031,0.00002153172,0.00001327678,0.00003598292,0.00002621649,0.9919489,0.006471911,0.0007514913,0.0003805417],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008681312,0.0004714885,0.0001922852,0.0000589691,0.00005081858,0.0001197718,0.00002492656,0.00009898013,0.9806362,0.005018093,0.01202044,0.0004398554],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9945261,0.0009793454,0.0009438636,0.0002888144,0.001818344,0.00009485114,0.00009409055,0.0001803722,0.001074201],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9848593,0.0001964426,0.004877787,0.0005654208,0.0005755926,0.0003111059,0.0001900473,0.0000696731,0.00835462],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01131268,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998578,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4387675940","doi":"10.1016/j.mtener.2023.101441","title":"A predictive approach for the compositional and temperature representation of thermal conductivity in multicomponent molten salt systems for advanced energy applications","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials Today Energy","topic":"Molten salt chemistry and electrochemical processes","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal; Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Alliance de recherche numérique du Canada; Ohio State University","keywords":"Thermal conductivity; Eutectic system; Materials science; Molten salt; Thermodynamics; Binary number; Kinetic energy; Mathematics; Physics; Composite material","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0134076656563553,"gpt":0.2487074438656062,"spread":0.2352997782092509,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001162422,0.0001254084,0.0002442922,0.0000315832,0.00006923409,0.00002073805,0.0001140234,0.0001046885,0.000003383892],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004158413,0.00009733672,0.00003626019,0.0001459511,0.00004922894,0.00006545876,0.00003917311,0.00004241734,7.634162e-8],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002746584,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001363371,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009681833,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.816e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991605,0.00002320208,0.0002711703,0.0002595514,0.0001005113,0.0001850243],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992551,0.0003839024,0.00009691838,0.0001435326,0.00008642113,0.00003411197],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002785899,0.00005290719,0.000003405444,0.0002832282,0.00004168355,1.399439e-7,0.00004876663,0.06105815,0.9342958,0.003784406,0.00005214355,0.0001007829],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006053041,0.00001914162,0.00002628482,0.00002543277,0.00001929687,0.000002729179,0.00008381603,0.07601109,0.9225178,0.0003512786,0.0002422377,0.00009557825],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8527349,0.000759649,0.1445855,0.0001492951,0.0001255157,0.0008099437,0.00054029,0.0001444825,0.000150451],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9945734,0.00005920736,0.0004941947,0.0000165514,0.000181298,0.003507863,0.001043898,0.00002103346,0.0001025349],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1440913,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3969276,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400016485","doi":"10.1016/j.mtener.2024.101629","title":"Perovskite photovoltaics: exploring the role of 2D and 1D carbon-based interfacial layers for enhanced stability and efficiency","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials Today Energy","topic":"Perovskite Materials and Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"National Research Foundation of Korea; Deanship of Scientific Research, King Khalid University","keywords":"Photovoltaics; Perovskite (structure); Materials science; Nanotechnology; Hysteresis; Carbon fibers; Engineering physics; Photovoltaic system; Energy conversion efficiency; Perovskite solar cell; Solar cell; Optoelectronics; Chemical engineering; Composite material; Electrical engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01161949654741893,"gpt":0.2033896265420869,"spread":0.191770129994668,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002107588,0.0001518121,0.0002114053,0.00004569716,0.00005910586,0.0001132538,0.00009344179,0.00004741189,0.00004070899],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000154487,0.0001165012,0.00002860358,0.00006640379,0.00007643363,0.00006031061,0.00003885015,0.00002821393,4.878016e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002369452,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001493449,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002117953,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003801235,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992347,0.00002491709,0.0002693592,0.0002133745,0.00007087919,0.0001868233],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996264,0.0001062981,0.00002492878,0.000178797,0.00002359078,0.00003999584],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002132753,0.000008515471,0.000007962148,0.0001615822,0.00001445477,1.66284e-7,0.0004924316,0.0004769339,0.9954077,0.001395145,0.000003906483,0.002009858],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001262447,0.00003271862,0.00007685849,0.00004931059,0.00002007353,6.772969e-7,0.0001491187,0.01024434,0.9853818,0.0006722587,0.003120978,0.0001256052],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9958293,0.0005914627,0.002401832,0.00002091224,0.0004853117,0.0001743601,0.000138233,0.0001363953,0.0002221705],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991617,0.00009756922,0.0001254459,0.00001002096,0.0001233771,0.0004279294,0.00001477516,0.00003214445,0.000007014791],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0100259,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4750781,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410291492","doi":"10.1016/j.mtener.2025.101913","title":"Evaluation of niobium-based bipolar plates with ultra-low precious metal coatings for high-performance and durable PEM water electrolyzers","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials Today Energy","topic":"Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems","field":"Energy","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo; Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Mitacs; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Materials science; Niobium; Proton exchange membrane fuel cell; Composite material; Precious metal; Metal; Metallurgy; Chemical engineering; Fuel cells","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006562513763469741,"gpt":0.208360043556338,"spread":0.2017975297928682,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001720196,0.000367528,0.0006723514,0.0002626421,0.0001789579,0.00008885725,0.0002139581,0.000172789,0.0001641387],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008762657,0.0002604334,0.0000515558,0.0001998588,0.0001009656,0.000215199,0.00002706698,0.00004700149,0.000002834611],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001469988,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002079852,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008089757,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008715547,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9973338,0.0003698633,0.0006793134,0.000503242,0.0005564468,0.0005573173],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986572,0.0001327338,0.0002575184,0.0004064081,0.0004788355,0.00006732703],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004080402,0.00005489506,0.00008446607,0.0002311095,0.0002091712,9.842938e-7,0.00007115045,0.1234687,0.8719414,0.001698062,0.0001330297,0.001698977],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002891832,0.000329709,0.00009506285,0.0002054579,0.0003354528,0.000007251797,0.0000285072,0.004641705,0.9870238,0.0003360734,0.003781448,0.0003236868],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9966486,0.0003749552,0.000902968,0.00007731365,0.0006116387,0.0003716834,0.00003682451,0.0001182727,0.0008577598],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969569,0.00004982273,0.0003905035,0.0000853351,0.0001253161,0.0005955938,0.0003226277,0.00007175341,0.001402178],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.118827,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999848,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412450806","doi":"10.1016/j.mtener.2025.101976","title":"Advancements and challenges in anion exchange membrane technology for sustainable energy applications","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials Today Energy","topic":"Fuel Cells and Related Materials","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Materials science; Sustainable energy; Membrane; Ion; Ion exchange; Nanotechnology; Engineering physics; Renewable energy; Organic chemistry; Engineering; Electrical engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008270835857354053,"gpt":0.2083908262194013,"spread":0.2001199903620473,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001287487,0.0001601949,0.0002740195,0.0003058657,0.00005520027,0.00003550444,0.0001092498,0.0002239701,0.0000558494],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000007375551,0.0001572059,0.00001481186,0.0001764984,0.00002886601,0.00008256099,0.00007267082,0.00002424974,0.000001232193],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005305571,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009091801,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006109344,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003963816,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991257,0.00001623919,0.0002649016,0.0002318916,0.00004105628,0.0003201851],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996855,0.0000240118,0.00003267463,0.0001937246,0.00003785338,0.00002623938],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007263951,0.00008531449,0.000003737929,0.005785604,0.00008509392,0.0000136588,0.00007233737,0.002572384,0.7010553,0.2647276,0.0006018266,0.02492446],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004397936,0.00002192782,0.000004742329,0.00004769982,0.000009436251,0.000001546104,0.0001035171,0.00009824518,0.4616627,0.01189525,0.5255917,0.0001233986],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.172821,0.65239,0.02342083,0.005082285,0.006521207,0.003745956,0.0002237344,0.003344015,0.1324509],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8155904,0.1787311,0.0004245059,0.00005778429,0.000110009,0.001992572,0.00007361975,0.00004884355,0.002971125],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6427694,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6410671,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412950362","doi":"10.1016/j.mtener.2025.102000","title":"Polyaniline-coated lithium manganese oxide for selective lithium extraction from brine via flow capacitive deionization","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials Today Energy","topic":"Extraction and Separation Processes","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Capacitive deionization; Materials science; Polyaniline; Brine; Manganese; Lithium (medication); Manganese oxide; Extraction (chemistry); Oxide; Chemical engineering; Electrochemistry; Inorganic chemistry; Electrode; Composite material; Metallurgy; Chromatography; Polymer; Organic chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00674342836479185,"gpt":0.2349700925222689,"spread":0.228226664157477,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001272442,0.0002437552,0.0002836254,0.0001814107,0.0001408948,0.0001267778,0.00009527642,0.0002230668,0.0002747049],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009587727,0.000257662,0.00005150454,0.000316195,0.00002269829,0.0003854505,0.00001454603,0.00007968232,0.00002322606],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001434715,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004305432,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006978709,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003974854,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988243,0.00006284333,0.0004447324,0.0003034,0.0001238014,0.000240919],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992388,0.0001330855,0.00009267137,0.000170222,0.0003074195,0.00005783316],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001551907,0.00004289287,0.00001565007,0.00006153014,0.00009613075,0.000001772642,0.0001861787,0.009389683,0.9801608,0.001117658,0.007771732,0.001000811],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004950191,0.00002408187,0.0005999979,0.0000422519,0.00004470734,0.000005213803,0.0000682215,0.01674725,0.9517347,0.001787016,0.02821521,0.0002363971],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3807787,0.0003049745,0.6073789,0.0002480436,0.003460521,0.0003610346,0.0002607698,0.001006371,0.006200667],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9877084,0.0001221824,0.001985723,0.000275767,0.0003547417,0.0002075904,0.001196456,0.00005265196,0.00809643],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6069297,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999875,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4409662092","doi":"10.1016/j.mtener.2025.101891","title":"Recent progress on solid-state electrolytes based on nanocellulose: Structures, applications, and challenges","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials Today Energy","topic":"Advanced Battery Materials and Technologies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; China Scholarship Council; Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Nanocellulose; Materials science; Nanotechnology; Solid-state; Electrolyte; Polymer science; Chemical engineering; Cellulose; Engineering physics; Engineering; Physical chemistry; Electrode","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007899361439964654,"gpt":0.2197401797986189,"spread":0.2118408183586543,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007705406,0.0002463517,0.0002766695,0.0001487552,0.00007271548,0.00007787703,0.00015714,0.000119353,0.00005587956],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009705972,0.0002098466,0.00001597728,0.00008971035,0.00005613295,0.00003954682,0.00003990406,0.00005194145,0.000005662292],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004479311,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009961238,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000204318,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003954649,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990551,0.00003150492,0.0002428377,0.0002920606,0.00009536026,0.0002831419],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995182,0.00004061581,0.00004576993,0.0003424716,0.00002395117,0.00002900028],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001506126,0.0000634409,0.000006041437,0.0003655574,0.00005706662,0.000008347168,0.00001545225,0.008343854,0.5150006,0.05098609,0.000641436,0.4243615],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002221256,0.00007339747,0.0001226084,0.00005492145,0.0000068463,9.087558e-7,0.000005594231,0.0002453035,0.8450261,0.0110512,0.1430114,0.0001796047],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9344633,0.03831849,0.005935016,0.006673133,0.002739076,0.001311753,0.00026468,0.005075421,0.005219141],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9838365,0.01481812,0.0004673287,0.0002089638,0.00006720175,0.0004085588,0.00004455964,0.00003946227,0.0001092799],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4241819,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8557297,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408934089","doi":"10.1016/j.mtener.2025.101870","title":"Revealing the invisible dimensions of electrochemical carbon capture technologies through in situ/operando techniques","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials Today Energy","topic":"CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts","field":"Energy","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; In situ; Electrochemistry; Carbon fibers; Nanotechnology; Electrode; Organic chemistry; Composite material; Physical chemistry; Composite number","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006932232518364885,"gpt":0.2409808387159414,"spread":0.2340486061975765,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002441435,0.000202303,0.0004144683,0.0001700855,0.00006521173,0.00002887181,0.000351393,0.0002973358,0.00002893953],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001129147,0.0001289756,0.00006978757,0.0005680348,0.0001284122,0.00006067619,0.0002119907,0.0001436655,5.461413e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008172608,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004523189,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006796599,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005139286,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986743,0.00009658097,0.000506674,0.0003033954,0.0001379109,0.0002811518],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991657,0.0000564178,0.0001220255,0.0005551354,0.00008826987,0.00001246023],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005617108,0.00003833036,0.000008038959,0.00002424729,0.000021506,0.000002713918,0.00009139082,0.00001114763,0.9460269,0.05061235,0.0008114805,0.002295766],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001579244,0.00002443968,0.000006903732,0.0001426663,0.00002016063,0.000007112271,0.0002421679,0.00000312343,0.9495409,0.0218137,0.02790561,0.0001352592],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9631316,0.002821228,0.0007359912,0.003484602,0.0004348082,0.0003480543,0.000007514939,0.001267669,0.02776852],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9967147,0.001178612,0.0007820582,0.0002621191,0.00004488145,0.000202721,0.00002866183,0.00002151685,0.000764732],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03358308,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998173,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416715784","doi":"10.1016/j.mtener.2025.102137","title":"Crystalline-to-amorphous MOFs filler-modified polymer composite electrolytes enable high-performance solid-state Li-metal batteries","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials Today Energy","topic":"Advanced Battery Materials and Technologies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang Province; Fundamental Research Funds for the Provincial Universities of Zhejiang; Zhejiang Xinmiao Talents Program; Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Spinal Cord Injury Canada","keywords":"Electrolyte; Ionic conductivity; Electrochemical window; Electrochemistry; Polymer; Amorphous solid; Lithium (medication); Composite number; Conductivity","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.003866966934495736,"gpt":0.1935135133379387,"spread":0.189646546403443,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001230377,0.0005202488,0.0007692178,0.0003202283,0.0001568526,0.0002288676,0.0004696227,0.0001884923,0.000337348],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000155248,0.0004836872,0.0000585908,0.0003200183,0.00008993006,0.000294765,0.0002514791,0.0001000931,0.00005979136],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008721938,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000217194,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001837213,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001793203,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978414,0.00004376582,0.000669706,0.0004499231,0.0001772089,0.0008179828],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992073,0.00004259665,0.00008791211,0.0005284146,0.0000548188,0.0000789141],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001329484,0.00002858628,0.000009422895,0.0001237465,0.0001113343,0.0000174053,0.00003474705,0.04769142,0.9477509,0.001415546,0.001046876,0.00163702],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004286933,0.0001013534,0.0002283155,0.0001010237,0.00002684253,0.000009014138,0.00001073792,0.0004282615,0.9904143,0.001218166,0.006517149,0.000516195],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.984409,0.0003889628,0.01066777,0.0002734953,0.001697266,0.0001685328,0.0001399018,0.001549137,0.0007059108],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.994496,0.0004798356,0.0007278577,0.0004690248,0.0001725691,0.0002200858,0.0001155214,0.0001004108,0.003218701],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04726316,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997615,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4409760575","doi":"10.1016/j.mtener.2025.101900","title":"Understanding the CEI evolution of CoF2 cathode in lithium-ion batteries by operando magnetometry","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials Today Energy","topic":"Advancements in Battery Materials","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China-Shandong Joint Fund; Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Natural Science Foundation of Shenyang City","keywords":"Materials science; Lithium (medication); Cathode; Magnetometer; Ion; Physical chemistry; Magnetic field; Physics; Chemistry; Organic chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0164646851623779,"gpt":0.2337403818585744,"spread":0.2172756966961965,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004111977,0.0002024031,0.0003583405,0.0001946518,0.00006301884,0.00006906703,0.0002412323,0.0001066443,0.0003886501],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003553412,0.0001671466,0.00001915419,0.0002870041,0.0000839322,0.0001773761,0.00009322602,0.00004840433,0.000004531883],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003950506,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001643205,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002201863,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002978224,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986761,0.0001533932,0.0005490449,0.0001933609,0.0001456914,0.000282417],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994844,0.0000959189,0.00007186164,0.0003085682,0.00001999005,0.0000192579],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006149328,0.00001753479,0.0001825431,0.0001284254,0.00002134236,0.000001473853,0.0001403975,0.004247227,0.9847819,0.006858178,0.003451831,0.0001076066],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005744251,0.00002265201,0.0005210745,0.0001525297,0.00001565589,0.000001758569,0.0002463432,0.00007046507,0.9913675,0.00405912,0.002788068,0.0001804353],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9208962,0.0006014396,0.07284973,0.0001689244,0.002965434,0.0001691885,0.0001019834,0.0001219589,0.002125103],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986308,0.0001658476,0.0002522189,0.0001233127,0.000071813,0.00007133267,0.0000437022,0.00003189679,0.000609049],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.07773459,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6816041,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4409651016","doi":"10.1016/j.mtener.2025.101893","title":"Zn-Ion hybrid capacitors utilizing redox electrolytes derived from naphthoquinone molecules","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials Today Energy","topic":"Advanced battery technologies research","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Materials science; Capacitor; Redox; Molecule; Electrolyte; Ion; Electrode; Voltage; Organic chemistry; Physical chemistry; Electrical engineering; Chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00805842927138481,"gpt":0.229298878335106,"spread":0.2212404490637212,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001024565,0.0003002096,0.0003876739,0.0002796502,0.0001009419,0.0001058218,0.0004472458,0.0001668635,0.0002036816],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001036364,0.0003050489,0.00005408764,0.0002594822,0.00009515319,0.0001557285,0.0001929123,0.0001482523,0.00002365749],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001676945,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002082637,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002307057,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002351034,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983613,0.00007194129,0.0003779894,0.0003827721,0.0001989726,0.0006070494],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992062,0.0001033852,0.00004496143,0.0005464896,0.00004600283,0.00005291606],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003531428,0.00001282259,0.00002006316,0.00002767866,0.00007631653,0.00003660123,0.00001384515,0.001727635,0.9881419,0.001208433,0.001167593,0.007531816],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002597993,0.0000285543,0.0001942215,0.0000758613,0.00001101233,0.000004134038,0.00005205938,0.0008235733,0.9873007,0.005054913,0.005928448,0.0002667136],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9696127,0.0009859574,0.02460428,0.0001225147,0.001071837,0.0001055123,0.00006246867,0.001383024,0.002051763],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9961439,0.0005654905,0.002525425,0.00008229276,0.0001501012,0.0001168256,0.000115109,0.00006624791,0.000234595],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02653127,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999402,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4401415147","doi":"10.1016/j.mtener.2024.101661","title":"Interface engineering of the dz2 electrons mobility for single atom catalytic activity and selectivity","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials Today Energy","topic":"Catalytic Processes in Materials Science","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Hebei Provincial Department of Bureau of Science and Technology; Department of Education of Hebei Province","keywords":"Materials science; Selectivity; Catalysis; Atom (system on chip); Interface (matter); Electron; Chemical physics; Atomic physics; Engineering physics; Optoelectronics; Composite material; Computer science; Embedded system; Organic chemistry; Engineering; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008119040994407516,"gpt":0.2333123268528067,"spread":0.2251932858583992,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001071132,0.0002539119,0.000398547,0.00007047885,0.0001225513,0.000313488,0.0004989323,0.0001035842,0.0000986568],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003132652,0.0001893177,0.00006724455,0.0002964822,0.0002574062,0.0004021108,0.000386582,0.0000599407,0.000006023753],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001685264,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001523914,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004191558,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000625017,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982139,0.00007686256,0.0003700108,0.0006212306,0.0002581957,0.0004597715],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988757,0.0003239994,0.0001347095,0.0005136792,0.00008278664,0.0000691575],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005225166,0.00005749974,0.000005015602,0.0004344971,0.00001059125,8.76772e-7,0.0001305964,0.0002058006,0.9956519,0.00302227,0.00006063862,0.0003680502],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001135374,0.00008609401,0.0001661867,0.0001208918,0.00003527208,0.00004248221,0.000008235764,0.0008559095,0.9955117,0.001449883,0.001402432,0.0002074378],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9794852,0.0003247322,0.01725359,0.0001033607,0.002146158,0.0002616734,0.0001850691,0.0001696128,0.00007065395],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990055,0.00001145098,0.0005439733,0.00001845576,0.0001372826,0.0001075492,0.000004149252,0.00003613298,0.0001354944],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01952037,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7720152,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4403984515","doi":"10.1016/j.mtener.2024.101731","title":"Surmounting scaling relationship on Cu-base diatomic catalysts by geminal-site-induced synergistic effect for high-selectivity CO2 electrochemical reduction to CO","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials Today Energy","topic":"CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts","field":"Energy","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Geminal; Selectivity; Catalysis; Materials science; Reduction (mathematics); Electrochemistry; Scaling; Diatomic molecule; Base (topology); Chemical physics; Inorganic chemistry; Physical chemistry; Stereochemistry; Chemistry; Electrode; Organic chemistry; Molecule","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009428007845113585,"gpt":0.2637879920159596,"spread":0.254359984170846,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009830104,0.0004431073,0.0005576483,0.000455868,0.0003152373,0.0003037534,0.0002032104,0.0003323201,0.00009872297],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000454297,0.0004361333,0.0001647872,0.0006707663,0.00003636305,0.0001830789,0.00005903202,0.000193923,0.00009060312],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006543749,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000079368,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003127992,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005335605,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9972005,0.000253623,0.0006161954,0.0009348301,0.0003282276,0.0006666527],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985595,0.0005379468,0.000152436,0.0004740483,0.00009598171,0.0001800453],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003802987,0.00006150121,0.00001150854,0.000130017,0.00006207617,0.000006669928,0.00007197099,0.0001184615,0.9740447,0.01408649,0.007557397,0.003468946],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002930317,0.0003053619,0.00003378503,0.0001767137,0.0001237869,0.00003884825,0.00001222262,0.0001353008,0.993573,0.001291229,0.003538821,0.0004779181],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9914793,0.000128034,0.005066479,0.000209435,0.001536751,0.000375551,0.00009018273,0.000874948,0.0002393108],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9947417,0.00001151294,0.0001679346,0.00005909708,0.001238432,0.0007882658,0.001851108,0.000141891,0.001000038],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01952832,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999809,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4413275171","doi":"10.1016/j.mtener.2025.102018","title":"Modelling proton transfer in [HEIM][TFSI] ionic liquid","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials Today Energy","topic":"Ionic liquids properties and applications","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Grand Équipement National De Calcul Intensif; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación; European Regional Development Fund; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela; Eastern Health; Federación Española de Enfermedades Raras; Ministerio de Universidades; Xunta de Galicia; European Commission; Agencia Estatal de Investigación; Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades","keywords":"Materials science; Ionic liquid; Proton; Ionic bonding; Chemical engineering; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Ion; Chromatography; Organic chemistry; Nuclear physics; Catalysis; Physics; Chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01158900482569404,"gpt":0.2176208341312528,"spread":0.2060318293055588,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001291564,0.0001567711,0.000230648,0.00008109197,0.00005451594,0.00003603355,0.0001938019,0.0001324971,0.000391969],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000007922407,0.0001384163,0.00004529822,0.000179886,0.00002080487,0.0000712233,0.00005142409,0.0000742328,0.00001953754],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007944595,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003894735,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006866033,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000101149,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989332,0.00002687975,0.0003940488,0.0002619629,0.00008799035,0.0002959479],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996356,0.00002017522,0.00001651278,0.0002640203,0.00002743607,0.00003630492],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001165594,0.00005264334,8.207712e-7,0.00007639717,0.00001490578,0.000001675065,0.00008408182,0.1004795,0.7834653,0.115464,0.00005561235,0.0001884971],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003346241,0.0000244066,5.414362e-7,0.00011501,0.000008265807,7.886541e-7,0.0000155963,0.03531018,0.9391606,0.0006406101,0.02423282,0.0001565842],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9070108,0.0002562011,0.08578407,0.0005942445,0.0003241784,0.0003189755,0.0000103851,0.000194918,0.00550626],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9960862,0.000109184,0.000204778,0.0001862893,0.0001130371,0.0006991173,0.00002849717,0.0000268669,0.00254602],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1556953,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5644452,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406107015","doi":"10.1016/j.mtener.2025.101806","title":"Fabrication of large area (>2.0 cm2) highly stable perovskite solar cells via interface modification: An approach to semi-transparent tandem solar cells","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials Today Energy","topic":"Perovskite Materials and Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Science and Engineering Research Board; UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, University Grants Commission; Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India","keywords":"Tandem; Materials science; Fabrication; Perovskite (structure); Interface (matter); Optoelectronics; Nanotechnology; Chemical engineering; Composite material","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01459388287944284,"gpt":0.2302313501891516,"spread":0.2156374673097088,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003839171,0.0003897571,0.0005897272,0.0002336391,0.0001455253,0.0001736864,0.0005375002,0.0002219549,0.0002225423],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00000750393,0.0003997662,0.00007293005,0.000435011,0.00003575558,0.0002416923,0.00009487547,0.00007475221,0.00003686746],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001329272,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000342938,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000230767,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002626499,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977593,0.0001117535,0.0008368191,0.00055048,0.0002384278,0.0005032402],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985908,0.00002843318,0.0001403395,0.0008795692,0.0001985555,0.0001622906],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002379797,0.0002345412,0.000006779341,0.000163821,0.00004996257,3.159084e-7,0.0003503943,0.06174999,0.9336582,0.001390211,0.001895276,0.0004766954],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002963631,0.00003369564,0.0002262618,0.00006072823,0.00005139411,8.362023e-7,0.00007612762,0.01067209,0.9422174,0.0001784532,0.04583052,0.0003561098],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4511184,0.0001403985,0.5446706,0.0000655741,0.0008821936,0.0003574076,0.0004796224,0.0003136345,0.001972213],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9955297,0.0002559239,0.002516074,0.0001220228,0.0001653771,0.0003805977,0.0004828382,0.00007368284,0.0004738495],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5444113,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998454,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2592648327","doi":"10.1016/j.mtener.2017.03.002","title":"An NMR study on the effect of water on hydrogen storage in palladium silica material (Pd/MCM-41)","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials Today Energy","topic":"Hydrogen Storage and Materials","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Palladium; Hydrogen; Materials science; Hydrogen storage; Spectroscopy; Porosity; MCM-41; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chemical engineering; Catalysis; Composite material; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Mesoporous material","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01268771738968055,"gpt":0.2592888023853841,"spread":0.2466010849957035,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003619736,0.0006502281,0.00119885,0.0001848978,0.0005669006,0.0007515683,0.001831878,0.0002717771,0.004873321],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000162438,0.0003670239,0.000117792,0.00005777246,0.0002440276,0.0003744197,0.0004150374,0.0000995435,0.0004496983],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009844689,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003337176,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002830964,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000187436,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9943889,0.002060573,0.001019974,0.0009495747,0.0006857279,0.0008952518],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9963326,0.0001616172,0.0005150746,0.002754466,0.00005522145,0.000180951],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001934209,0.0003985745,0.0002006001,0.0000394916,0.00003252394,0.0001852513,0.0006973845,0.0002703397,0.9956195,0.0003640181,0.0001551005,0.0001029702],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001456784,0.003327304,0.0009458131,0.00008022226,0.00004646706,0.00000792557,0.00006369356,0.000007327015,0.9923605,0.0001670146,0.001088855,0.0004481229],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9952303,0.000006833053,0.000002398172,0.0001486342,0.002771357,0.0008781049,0.0002313768,0.0001154132,0.0006155734],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981958,0.000006098147,0.00001000309,0.0001791932,0.000784545,0.000416626,0.00006470062,0.0001062596,0.0002368146],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.004423623,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998782,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4411227509","doi":"10.1016/j.mtener.2025.101945","title":"Should EVs prioritize range? Strategies for efficient battery use, energy transition, and sustainability","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials Today Energy","topic":"Advanced Battery Technologies Research","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Optech (Canada)","funders":"NextGenerationEU; H2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions; Agencia Estatal de Investigación; Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación; National Natural Science Foundation of China; European Commission","keywords":"Materials science; Sustainability; Range (aeronautics); Battery (electricity); Energy (signal processing); Environmental economics; Engineering physics; Engineering; Thermodynamics; Physics; Economics; Composite material","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0142195903393558,"gpt":0.2655153743709237,"spread":0.2512957840315679,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001984983,0.0002624958,0.0003651844,0.0002315716,0.0001177885,0.0002396242,0.0002110215,0.000224742,0.00004880555],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009925354,0.0002574786,0.00004915922,0.000220732,0.0001561673,0.0002257995,0.0000940011,0.00007575738,5.055043e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001983292,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000677801,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000191621,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004757193,"domain_scores_codex":[0.99854,0.00005798727,0.0003685297,0.0003677129,0.0001471963,0.0005185149],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991257,0.0002279272,0.00002656355,0.0004043494,0.0001649314,0.00005053084],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005046164,0.0001499415,0.00007722616,0.002242293,0.0002265541,0.00004666052,0.0003200702,0.2703407,0.5005404,0.1896384,0.008544839,0.0273683],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001643363,0.0001398076,0.0008522475,0.00014176,0.00004589467,0.00001113852,0.0009761574,0.01112816,0.8493661,0.06307725,0.07182653,0.0007916251],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4756199,0.0004574028,0.5208403,0.0009604935,0.0005417202,0.0003151047,0.0001222102,0.0008910083,0.0002518182],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978019,0.0002077367,0.0008057052,0.0002350955,0.00006512363,0.0004505401,0.0000472465,0.00004398896,0.0003426496],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.522182,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999877,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412723298","doi":"10.1016/j.mtener.2025.101997","title":"Retraction notice to “High-performance perovskite solar cells using graphene quantum dots modified SnO2/ZnO photoelectrode” [Materials Today Energy (2021) 100853] Vol 22","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials Today Energy","topic":"Perovskite Materials and Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Notice; Quantum dot; Perovskite (structure); Graphene; Engineering physics; Optoelectronics; Nanotechnology; Energy (signal processing); Chemical engineering; Quantum mechanics; Physics; Political science; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006850514964056445,"gpt":0.2057287060221109,"spread":0.1988781910580544,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006080173,0.0008237414,0.001067455,0.0005851942,0.0004581503,0.0005807797,0.0006367231,0.0006258735,0.001318331],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004774654,0.0008567551,0.0001213019,0.000881119,0.00006920363,0.0005130098,0.0002095832,0.0001740292,0.00009599521],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003229083,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009197702,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002692093,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007921374,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9959221,0.0002130824,0.001334262,0.0009373014,0.0004351024,0.001158191],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980167,0.00008026562,0.000252257,0.001099138,0.0003048564,0.0002467867],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000174157,0.00009019336,0.000001927146,0.0001531903,0.0001205433,0.000006530923,0.00007299856,0.05015416,0.9401297,0.004828458,0.003389469,0.0008786526],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005850446,0.00008730229,0.0001452358,0.0001952566,0.0001173389,0.000008734341,0.00002176032,0.006138472,0.9636844,0.0005864362,0.02757296,0.0008570824],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9657663,0.0001336821,0.02289899,0.00009230337,0.009132161,0.0003605643,0.0002868014,0.0005638236,0.0007654114],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9942015,0.0009192759,0.001132798,0.0005292123,0.001357771,0.0004404431,0.000378346,0.0001904999,0.0008501347],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04401569,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995946,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":[],"domain":null,"study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"other","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"other","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W4413191172","doi":"10.1016/j.mtener.2025.102019","title":"Retraction notice to Corrigendum to “High-performance perovskite solar cells using graphene quantum dot modified SnO2/ZnO photoelectrode” [Mater Today Energy 42 (2024) 101566]","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials Today Energy","topic":"Perovskite Materials and Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Quantum dot; Perovskite (structure); Notice; Optoelectronics; Graphene; Nanotechnology; Engineering physics; Chemical engineering; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01106474292825864,"gpt":0.2132967794786604,"spread":0.2022320365504018,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000392604,0.0006827219,0.0007887261,0.0006080566,0.0003637286,0.0004430324,0.0005528723,0.0004513821,0.0007055027],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002125704,0.0006985035,0.0001013974,0.0009316856,0.00003978998,0.0003540851,0.0001934154,0.0001693498,0.0001302197],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003044765,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006383353,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002367212,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001653013,"domain_scores_codex":[0.996631,0.0001220656,0.0009952033,0.0008223736,0.0003735258,0.001055894],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983953,0.00003973053,0.0001383036,0.0009380596,0.0001980808,0.0002905903],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001445067,0.00006469455,0.000003656385,0.0001006944,0.00007736622,0.000005666315,0.00009745125,0.07393151,0.9123006,0.003770252,0.008843997,0.0006595932],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003631178,0.00009279942,0.0001982268,0.0001433109,0.00007830894,0.000007950783,0.00002446504,0.008348881,0.9299606,0.0003300855,0.05973018,0.0007220581],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9512182,0.00007083044,0.03406841,0.0001488624,0.0121826,0.0003261635,0.0001854341,0.0005611192,0.001238397],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9927753,0.0002730885,0.001447338,0.001162432,0.0007555517,0.0003949827,0.0001748792,0.0001605514,0.002855869],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.06558263,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995466,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"editorial","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"evaluation","study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"editorial","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W4416768154","doi":"10.1016/j.mtener.2025.102143","title":"Imidazole coordination lowers Ni-FeNbO4 surface energy for water oxidation","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials Today Energy","topic":"Electrocatalysts for Energy Conversion","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; Graduate Research and Innovation Projects of Jiangsu Province; Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions; Yangzhou University","keywords":"Catalysis; Oxygen evolution; Tafel equation; Imidazole; Electrochemistry; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Electrocatalyst; Electrochemical energy conversion","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.005328659444902761,"gpt":0.2156015887221503,"spread":0.2102729292772476,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005111741,0.000427693,0.0004991617,0.0003063797,0.0002987162,0.0001594827,0.0004275131,0.0003540495,0.0007813066],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008708087,0.0003748744,0.0001470891,0.0003126319,0.00007213356,0.000402903,0.0001610663,0.00005578922,0.00005326304],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004054311,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008507111,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006625727,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00105222,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9973706,0.0001676355,0.0006628914,0.0006854894,0.0003561911,0.000757186],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986414,0.0001099432,0.0001732607,0.0006128292,0.0003657891,0.00009680063],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002747734,0.00007101148,0.0000105557,0.00003824999,0.0001103614,0.000002883025,0.00004042837,0.004177647,0.8098254,0.1730164,0.009736832,0.002695482],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008312183,0.00007788107,0.00001941731,0.00004207915,0.00006566363,0.000002580024,0.00002545579,0.0004894736,0.7770803,0.005960516,0.2150623,0.0003431387],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9638538,0.0001472317,0.01669719,0.001551438,0.004067353,0.0001923275,0.00001430623,0.0005291819,0.01294713],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9668454,0.00005999205,0.0003611327,0.0007718288,0.0002773837,0.0001486317,0.00169885,0.0000876836,0.02974909],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2053254,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999892,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4393321463","doi":"10.1016/j.mtener.2024.101566","title":"RETRACTED: Corrigendum to “High-performance perovskite solar cells using graphene quantum dot modified SnO2/ZnO photoelectrode” [Mater Today Energy 22 (2021) 100853]","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"erratum","venue":"Materials Today Energy","topic":"Perovskite Materials and Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":true,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Quantum dot; Graphene; Perovskite (structure); Optoelectronics; Nanotechnology; Engineering physics; Chemical engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01180022059737567,"gpt":0.2068662850681607,"spread":0.195066064470785,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","scholarly_communication","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005643882,0.00202254,0.002232529,0.00109217,0.0004521767,0.001279751,0.001377539,0.002140797,0.003383963],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001948648,0.001995452,0.0003582111,0.001078657,0.0001194688,0.0004193413,0.0004999713,0.0008900338,0.0005065716],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005785881,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002607235,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003111007,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001922348,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9927109,0.0002149424,0.002070494,0.001873943,0.0009648307,0.002164849],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9966675,0.00004243586,0.0004147639,0.002005337,0.0003030328,0.0005669129],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006383424,0.00006018103,2.089152e-7,0.0004392703,0.0002381235,0.00004721381,0.00009082782,0.007072508,0.6611056,0.001315216,0.3292046,0.0003623951],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002301559,0.0001047907,0.00001004939,0.0005170578,0.000203523,0.00003195311,0.00001171321,0.005829467,0.593118,0.000369876,0.3980531,0.001520379],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.748266,0.002775602,0.005844737,0.0001746862,0.2235478,0.001076314,0.00486146,0.002814265,0.01063905],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9141551,0.007660589,0.000671281,0.000650658,0.01061515,0.001010368,0.006051992,0.001271176,0.0579137],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2129327,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999757,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}