{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":5,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":5,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"859cc5ba80f5","filters":{"venue":"Meteorologische Zeitschrift"}},"results":[{"id":"W2022996047","doi":"10.1127/0941-2948/2013/0420","title":"Are Greenhouse Gas Signals of Northern Hemisphere winter extra-tropical cyclone activity dependent on the identification and tracking algorithm?","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Meteorologische Zeitschrift","topic":"Climate variability and models","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":102,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia; Swiss Re; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","keywords":"Tropical cyclone; Northern Hemisphere; Environmental science; Identification (biology); Tracking (education); Climatology; Greenhouse gas; Meteorology; Atmospheric sciences; Geology; Geography; Oceanography; Biology; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"Uwe Ulbrich","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gregor C. Leckebusch","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jens Grieger","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mareike Schuster","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mirseid Akperov","is_ca":false},{"name":"M. Yu. Bardin","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yang Feng","is_ca":true},{"name":"Sergey Gulev","is_ca":false},{"name":"Masaru Inatsu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kevin Keay","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sarah Kew","is_ca":false},{"name":"Margarida L. R. Liberato","is_ca":false},{"name":"Piero Lionello","is_ca":false},{"name":"И. И. Мохов","is_ca":false},{"name":"Urs Neu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Joaquim G. Pinto","is_ca":false},{"name":"Christoph C. Raible","is_ca":false},{"name":"Marco Reale","is_ca":false},{"name":"Irina Rudeva","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ian Simmonds","is_ca":false},{"name":"Natalia Tilinina","is_ca":false},{"name":"Isabel F. Trigo","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sven Ulbrich","is_ca":false},{"name":"Wang","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02886961522266887,"gpt":0.2426348321739812,"spread":0.2137652169513124,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006813087,0.0002060578,0.0002607773,0.0000205469,0.000172233,0.00005926436,0.0003252383,0.0001582336,0.001560858],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003057834,0.0001351439,0.00009041087,0.0001077982,0.0003913275,0.0003043062,0.0002209921,0.0002986571,0.0002155784],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002145689,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008032582,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001179579,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001230609,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981785,0.000293066,0.0003518434,0.0004833852,0.0003621516,0.0003310004],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986436,0.0003953656,0.0003180935,0.0005143086,0.00002910757,0.00009955937],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009780772,0.0008945294,0.4173943,0.00004004475,0.00007765626,0.000007599817,0.0007092051,0.002838266,0.5060808,0.0002220133,0.0002201068,0.0714177],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004844056,0.0002822952,0.8526301,0.00003298872,0.00006816163,0.000012174,0.0003101966,0.01152849,0.1328603,0.0007546811,0.0007068486,0.0003292676],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9894087,0.00002714706,0.006768438,0.001772246,0.00005787498,0.0004909517,0.00001792532,0.00004213786,0.001414581],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990091,0.00002776022,0.0004789026,0.0002252634,0.00003470148,0.00007451171,0.000002100369,0.00001780377,0.0001298927],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4352359,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993519,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3005376605","doi":"10.1127/metz/2019/0999","title":"The Research Unit VolImpact: Revisiting the volcanic impact on atmosphere and climate – preparations for the next big volcanic eruption","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Meteorologische Zeitschrift","topic":"Atmospheric Ozone and Climate","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":47,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","keywords":"Volcano; Atmosphere (unit); Volcanic ash; Vulcanian eruption; Earth science; Environmental science; Geology; Atmospheric sciences; Meteorology; Geochemistry; Geography","authors":[{"name":"Christian von Savigny","is_ca":false},{"name":"Claudia Timmreck","is_ca":false},{"name":"Stefan A. Buehler","is_ca":false},{"name":"John P. Burrows","is_ca":false},{"name":"M. A. Giorgetta","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gabriele C. Hegerl","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ákos Horváth","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gholam Ali Hoshyaripour","is_ca":false},{"name":"Corinna Hoose","is_ca":false},{"name":"Johannes Quaas","is_ca":false},{"name":"Elizaveta Malinina","is_ca":false},{"name":"Alexei Rozanov","is_ca":false},{"name":"Hauke Schmidt","is_ca":false},{"name":"L. W. Thomason","is_ca":false},{"name":"Matthew Toohey","is_ca":true},{"name":"Bernhard Vogel","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1236644211662464,"gpt":0.3400725392497715,"spread":0.2164081180835251,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00408688,0.0002917528,0.0002819,0.000006632158,0.003414887,0.0006568605,0.0007697396,0.0001404554,0.0005059044],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001439286,0.0001187535,0.0001849804,0.0006995589,0.0004816167,0.0002668029,0.0001027507,0.0007491439,0.0002667732],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000003869413,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001566416,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001294163,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002543298,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9968593,0.0007575836,0.000407078,0.0004833867,0.0004958137,0.0009968583],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9931773,0.005650153,0.0002001019,0.0005884739,0.0001621606,0.000221795],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002845448,0.00003915247,0.2695879,0.0001094558,0.0006492762,0.00001531722,0.003759207,0.03915539,0.0005970541,0.008925373,0.0159084,0.658408],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006799278,0.002116061,0.3658872,0.0000364011,0.0001855875,0.00002064061,0.004957649,0.2989132,0.00008071728,0.0001847521,0.3265695,0.0003682758],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9393937,0.01200759,0.00047886,0.03676824,0.0003233456,0.001877529,0.0001901348,0.0001458877,0.008814696],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9939209,0.003471838,0.0001629254,0.001381204,0.0007788393,0.00004166749,0.00004227243,0.00001648118,0.0001839325],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6580397,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9978825,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2012508186","doi":"10.1127/0941-2948/2001/0010-0091","title":"Impact of profile observations on the German Weather Service's NWP system","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Meteorologische Zeitschrift","topic":"Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Deutsche Agentur für Raumfahrtangelegenheiten","keywords":"Meteorology; German; National weather service; Numerical weather prediction; Environmental science; Service (business); Weather prediction; Climatology; Geography; Geology; Business","authors":[{"name":"Alexander Cress","is_ca":false},{"name":"Werner Wergen","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05872054357404188,"gpt":0.2742026385011888,"spread":0.2154820949271469,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008163221,0.0002365092,0.0003281987,0.00009252861,0.000322707,0.00004414377,0.0005253088,0.0001511454,0.007424286],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002000273,0.0001186239,0.0002056166,0.0006899391,0.0001164412,0.0001605235,0.00002625771,0.0002744252,0.0008253584],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000002855671,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005389424,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001383479,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000280119,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980882,0.0004097218,0.0004162327,0.0003213485,0.0003314674,0.0004329944],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998042,0.0009191766,0.000200247,0.0005745692,0.0001293052,0.0001346728],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000268613,0.0001222529,0.9296775,0.0000274168,0.0002094637,0.00001514206,0.0004074247,0.04235623,0.0008222117,0.02064332,0.001271719,0.004178708],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000285859,0.000610883,0.9593661,0.00001295069,0.00004101936,0.000008094155,0.0001031755,0.0308417,0.00004244055,0.0002508838,0.008262402,0.0001744456],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9126293,0.0001418642,0.0002090454,0.001034302,0.0001380489,0.0004504526,0.0001350422,0.0001118586,0.0851501],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979678,0.0000125501,0.0007399198,0.0006571633,0.0001130506,0.00001272654,0.0001041447,0.000007122253,0.0003855109],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08533853,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999526,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1996806386","doi":"10.1127/0941-2948/2008/0282","title":"Regional modelling of the western Pacific typhoon season 2004","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Meteorologische Zeitschrift","topic":"Tropical and Extratropical Cyclones Research","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Impact","funders":"Deutsches Klimarechenzentrum","keywords":"Typhoon; Climatology; Environmental science; Meteorology; Geography; Geology","authors":[{"name":"Frauke Feser","is_ca":true},{"name":"Hans von Storch","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07033805394148564,"gpt":0.2381245235142636,"spread":0.1677864695727779,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001812616,0.0001490469,0.0002313087,0.0000440616,0.0002575926,0.00001155759,0.0004990467,0.000139743,0.0006187106],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006445294,0.00008225151,0.0001580867,0.0003105684,0.0004439375,0.0001264435,0.00003848496,0.0003928916,0.0002537856],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":8.766925e-7,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007134381,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002274515,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005181844,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982883,0.0002127376,0.00025523,0.0002901896,0.0005286689,0.000424881],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999181,0.0001895636,0.00007700823,0.0003424201,0.00006320569,0.0001467685],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001165239,0.00002744702,0.9762107,0.00001362214,0.00001876159,0.00001290942,0.00006612711,0.01930108,0.0001393558,0.0002482655,0.001316966,0.002528312],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002905345,0.0001931379,0.9254827,0.00001086647,0.00001201054,0.00004287405,0.00002644942,0.008719364,0.0005210287,0.0001592171,0.06439669,0.000145155],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9851516,0.00240156,0.002136221,0.001670835,0.0001902993,0.0001731832,0.00002907235,0.00004301047,0.008204207],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99753,0.0002973443,0.001094395,0.0002064674,0.0001237399,0.000001675493,0.00001591814,0.00000439369,0.000726008],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.06307973,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6774448,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2051235840","doi":"10.1127/0941-2948/2007/0247","title":"Excitation of Rossby-wave trains: optimal growth of forecast errors","year":2007,"lang":"de","type":"article","venue":"Meteorologische Zeitschrift","topic":"Climate variability and models","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Rossby wave; Meteorology; Environmental science; Train; Excitation; Atmospheric sciences; Physics; Geography","authors":[{"name":"A. Mahidjiba","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mark Buehner","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ayrton Zadra","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04211473377707496,"gpt":0.2651632796784935,"spread":0.2230485459014185,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005241923,0.0004631877,0.0008308343,0.0002189761,0.0001503611,0.00002223397,0.0005480315,0.000608712,0.001563005],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010883,0.0004286677,0.0004046994,0.000720962,0.001664274,0.0004763111,0.0003837176,0.0004724561,0.0001505378],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003062431,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006080583,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008268805,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001435839,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9956225,0.0003224218,0.001490752,0.0008243213,0.0007995843,0.0009404048],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9973232,0.0007803163,0.0008153744,0.0007033928,0.0001154288,0.0002622834],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.003064107,0.003827355,0.06983183,0.001340688,0.0008705423,0.0001039401,0.02235462,0.02582541,0.7901798,0.06477313,0.000875227,0.01695334],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006637719,0.006854547,0.3574143,0.0003547245,0.001628726,0.00004535375,0.004943541,0.05769549,0.5429626,0.003893268,0.01517458,0.002395113],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9563416,0.0007717381,0.03045031,0.0003277814,0.0006372382,0.0007338145,0.0002530859,0.00004913855,0.0104353],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9778754,0.0002868554,0.02135395,0.000146449,0.000112248,0.0000136449,0.00006143729,0.0000413987,0.0001086646],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2875825,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998165,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}