{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":7,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":7,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"query_hash":"e87623b3f70d","filters":{"venue":"Nature Environment and Pollution Technology"}},"results":[{"id":"W3165975092","doi":"10.46488/nept.2021.v20i02.043","title":"Statistical Downscaling of Rainfall Under Climate Change in Krishna River Sub-basin of Andhra Pradesh, India Using Artificial Neural Network (ANN)","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Environment and Pollution Technology","topic":"Hydrological Forecasting Using AI","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Downscaling; Climate change; Structural basin; Artificial neural network; Environmental science; Climatology; Geography; Physical geography; Water resource management; Geology; Oceanography; Artificial intelligence; Computer science; Geomorphology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01491361880468245,"gpt":0.2507314066366191,"spread":0.2358177878319366,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002894685,0.0001565661,0.0002937062,0.00009775771,0.00008328153,0.00000626814,0.0001058932,0.0006191079,0.0002482834],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006734045,0.0001496409,0.00003751619,0.0004023008,0.0008808094,0.00007895262,0.0002830901,0.0005521921,0.000006834491],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000113538,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007073948,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005777012,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000337917,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985675,0.0001111845,0.0003558742,0.0003584627,0.0002166253,0.0003903267],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995407,0.00005146507,0.0001760293,0.0001775624,0.000003871129,0.00005039374],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002399988,0.0005621093,0.6650473,0.00006887767,0.00004406896,0.0001293876,0.0005357043,0.1134264,0.1157838,0.02003555,0.00007632143,0.0840505],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001054116,0.0004369766,0.9123434,0.0001117985,0.0000883869,0.00008840764,0.00006793905,0.03536294,0.02460427,0.02443253,0.000906739,0.000502483],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9971582,0.0005031252,0.0009881114,0.000968674,0.0000993396,0.0001621431,0.00004191027,0.00002728864,0.00005120727],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.993985,0.0001295516,0.005565119,0.0002403974,0.00004353256,0.00000521948,0.00001712421,0.00001129811,0.000002755936],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2472961,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.610218,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3167239440","doi":"10.46488/nept.2021.v20i02.034","title":"Synchrotron Based TXRF for Assessment of Treated Wastewater","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Environment and Pollution Technology","topic":"Water Quality Monitoring and Analysis","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Synchrotron; Wastewater; Environmental science; Environmental chemistry; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Physics; Optics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008065348452349875,"gpt":0.256179107832765,"spread":0.2481137593804151,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001376748,0.0001150301,0.0001816307,0.00007637859,0.0000865206,0.000006956373,0.00008486093,0.0003309209,0.0003208119],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001437328,0.00009937827,0.00006630924,0.0001591152,0.0001886572,0.00004044365,0.00008393241,0.0001828096,0.00000829189],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001034275,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006262375,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001469256,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000018826,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991502,0.00004029565,0.0001791264,0.0002936696,0.000154746,0.0001819851],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996318,0.00001687086,0.00007520851,0.0002358825,0.000004295559,0.00003593028],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001559418,0.0001815207,0.07790121,0.00002728224,0.0000536856,0.000004494386,0.00002387586,0.0008999824,0.9134705,0.000830793,0.0004946794,0.006096371],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007482313,0.0001594854,0.04996519,0.00001689007,0.00009611694,0.000004126248,0.00007637445,0.00147375,0.9216537,0.0008324005,0.02478744,0.0001862727],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9923218,0.0002725715,0.00199287,0.00495675,0.00006321552,0.0001411437,0.00003192046,0.0000464348,0.0001732544],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9923078,0.00004387852,0.006787124,0.00005312753,0.00002187614,0.00002848379,0.00003765923,0.000008305451,0.0007116997],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02793602,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4052528,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3120875142","doi":"10.46488/nept.2020.v19i05.013","title":"A New Index Contributing to an Early Warning System for Cyanobacterial Bloom Occurrence in Atlantic Canada Lakes","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Environment and Pollution Technology","topic":"Marine and coastal ecosystems","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Dalhousie University","keywords":"Bloom; Phytoplankton; Nova scotia; Dominance (genetics); Algal bloom; Environmental science; Ecology; Trophic level; Oceanography; Geography; Biology; Nutrient; Geology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.003636090671893318,"gpt":0.1665657493089809,"spread":0.1629296586370875,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001015387,0.0001127635,0.0001814883,0.00007644701,0.0001013327,0.00002418861,0.000133062,0.0002236183,0.00006966641],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004954734,0.0001032702,0.00001406276,0.0001615663,0.00001594801,0.00007065927,0.00003173976,0.0002512459,0.000006578445],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002261603,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007316186,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.108235,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.4204879,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991111,0.00002581793,0.0001770275,0.000267219,0.0001087191,0.0003101746],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996834,0.00002399231,0.00006562589,0.00008147545,0.00000477165,0.000140769],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001279844,0.000003623095,0.9591005,0.00003603598,0.000008986336,0.00001269845,0.000085568,0.0002940148,0.0004820601,0.0002348243,0.0002088411,0.03940484],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001979879,0.001100251,0.838575,0.0001141302,0.00003355647,0.00003399186,0.0009966251,0.01250491,0.001118,0.00008984526,0.1428302,0.0006236166],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9952008,0.0002207903,0.001183477,0.00254,0.0002221691,0.0003194903,0.0002039268,0.00004960019,0.00005976756],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994132,0.000008656382,0.000105453,0.0002279789,0.0001291558,0.000003522343,0.00008594034,0.000002128136,0.00002400175],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3122529,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8977033,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2578489870","doi":"","title":"Quasi-3D numerical simulation of salinity transport for reservoir initial impoundment","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Environment and Pollution Technology","topic":"Geological Modeling and Analysis","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Salinity; Hydrology (agriculture); Groundwater; Estuary; Water quality; Surface water; Geology; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Geotechnical engineering; Oceanography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02126913597825376,"gpt":0.257404944275638,"spread":0.2361358082973842,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002456509,0.00008900247,0.0001743722,0.000110631,0.00006693979,0.000003207977,0.00008494499,0.0004042428,0.0001189479],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006631673,0.00006943847,0.00004712729,0.0001217808,0.0001158481,0.00004594573,0.00000808269,0.0002095183,0.000009868431],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000006736363,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001278683,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001001279,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006343426,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992713,0.00002944025,0.0001990888,0.0001967952,0.0001516686,0.0001516733],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999693,0.00003680413,0.00007787623,0.0001109829,0.00001661345,0.00006476627],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004129259,0.0002089844,0.3078293,0.00002269958,0.00006276154,0.000003635765,0.0001584518,0.6137754,0.00006888988,0.000719442,0.0001504288,0.07658707],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002129511,0.002987961,0.1084135,0.00001677503,0.0001892283,0.000009235362,0.0004531518,0.7995561,0.0006592878,0.03207223,0.05306249,0.0004505818],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9307696,0.001537427,0.06378728,0.0032722,0.0001202359,0.0001821148,0.0001158221,0.0000541898,0.0001610975],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9967949,0.00006262331,0.002799391,0.0001010121,0.00005419187,0.000002183302,0.0001366739,0.00000172386,0.00004726708],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1994158,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3117891,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416277787","doi":"10.46488/nept.2025.v24i04.b4312","title":"An Analytical Investigation of Urban Expansion Patterns in the Kolkata Metropolitan Development Authority (KMDA) Region Using Geoinformatics","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Environment and Pollution Technology","topic":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Geoinformatics; Metropolitan area; Urbanization; Urban expansion; Urban planning; Urban sprawl; Common spatial pattern; Land use","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01113600000607279,"gpt":0.2436635797126558,"spread":0.232527579706583,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003170364,0.0001101017,0.0001409171,0.0001835232,0.0001307775,0.0000117081,0.0002151346,0.0003561436,0.00002964883],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009454498,0.00007736241,0.00001780557,0.000325104,0.00008844497,0.0001856811,0.000113728,0.0002774689,0.00000410089],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002389256,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001064447,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001112334,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001997957,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991117,0.00006372173,0.0002834349,0.000185726,0.0001848099,0.0001705806],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995863,0.00001391881,0.0001026998,0.0002649429,0.000002453343,0.00002962021],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001252403,0.00005379456,0.9900687,0.00004325439,0.00001077259,0.000002112273,0.0006186885,0.0001800432,0.001024668,0.004297275,0.00007681982,0.003611319],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004707097,0.0001070093,0.9578008,0.0000909911,0.00004791049,0.000012298,0.002846547,0.02501809,0.006960013,0.003277363,0.003162175,0.0002061176],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9969648,0.0001589103,0.001465946,0.0009950346,0.0000448813,0.0001774885,0.000003299318,0.00001929111,0.0001704041],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988742,0.0000591798,0.0008092458,0.0002134166,0.000009789864,0.000006866407,0.00001560062,0.000003193893,0.000008544934],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03226795,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3154747,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4411000227","doi":"10.46488/nept.2025.v24i02.b4252","title":"A Complete Review on Ericoid Mycorrhiza: An Understudied Fungus in the Ericaceae Family","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Nature Environment and Pollution Technology","topic":"Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Ericaceae; Mycorrhiza; Biology; Fungus; Botany; Ecology; Symbiosis; Paleontology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02086824192635074,"gpt":0.2654538821900362,"spread":0.2445856402636855,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002605045,0.0003771385,0.0008548028,0.0001157643,0.0002293554,0.00002357734,0.0004901115,0.0008829281,0.0003486717],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001025435,0.0001312177,0.0001801402,0.0007919462,0.00002551395,0.00004181052,0.0001079676,0.001511706,0.0001888584],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008562031,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001262031,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003633998,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004046943,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983073,0.0003072305,0.0003867828,0.0005232846,0.0001807237,0.0002946253],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987661,0.000786519,0.0002018288,0.0001984796,0.000006527703,0.00004055132],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000956898,0.0000941105,0.0000284716,0.00113808,0.00002855625,0.00001210592,0.000006535999,2.087201e-7,0.00005726083,0.005240245,0.01073441,0.9826505],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002907489,0.000248167,0.000130255,0.006170698,0.000182193,0.00004917488,0.00007392395,0.000001358762,2.595177e-7,0.0003962582,0.9924893,0.0002293638],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.00005291578,0.9922956,0.00000261029,0.003703265,0.0002054401,0.001278514,0.001048673,0.00006569065,0.001347264],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00042174,0.9946604,0.00001929415,0.002909143,0.00009691851,0.000211392,0.001519215,0.00000200971,0.0001599355],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9824211,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.680995,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416609968","doi":"10.46488/nept.2025.v24i04.d1774","title":"Modelling the Future: Groundwater Responses to Climate Change in Talomo-Lipadas Watershed, Davao City, Philippines","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Environment and Pollution Technology","topic":"Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Commission on Higher Education; International Development Research Centre","keywords":"Groundwater recharge; Baseflow; Climate change; Groundwater; Water scarcity; Downscaling; Hydrology (agriculture); MODFLOW; Water resources","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009020428603847535,"gpt":0.2337056474386871,"spread":0.2246852188348396,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003660836,0.0002117762,0.0001915204,0.0002852739,0.0003685791,0.00001807183,0.000289833,0.0004168165,0.0001742521],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008281238,0.0001459007,0.00003422088,0.0003101037,0.0004228561,0.0001420716,0.0009118441,0.0004709328,0.0001035167],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001141439,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000001342735,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001030574,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001995932,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986804,0.00007043494,0.0002039644,0.0004573436,0.0001386817,0.000449236],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999595,0.00001860606,0.00004167517,0.0003124159,0.000001696491,0.00003064447],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009440033,0.0004677432,0.8737608,0.00007170703,0.0001738763,0.00007039192,0.00406896,0.01434377,0.00340798,0.03395592,0.006661494,0.06207339],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001555435,0.0003475848,0.2701171,0.0000649956,0.0001185848,0.00001868594,0.001011168,0.004337505,0.00282395,0.02595685,0.6928613,0.0007869437],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.869528,0.001848126,0.0009663937,0.1257241,0.0003279477,0.0006494676,0.000006959766,0.00009540285,0.0008536525],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9922141,0.002585771,0.000315695,0.003725005,0.00005988108,0.0001649007,0.000006257484,0.000008634341,0.0009197081],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6861997,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5949658,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}