{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":6,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":6,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"b19d973f8623","filters":{"venue":"OECD series on adverse outcome pathways"}},"results":[{"id":"W2527847483","doi":"10.1787/5jlsvvxn1zjc-en","title":"Adverse Outcome Pathway on Alkylation of DNA in Male Pre-Meiotic Germ Cells Leading to Heritable Mutations","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"paratext","venue":"OECD series on adverse outcome pathways","topic":"CRISPR and Genetic Engineering","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Carleton University; Health Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Meiosis; Genetics; Biology; Germ; Germline; Adverse Outcome Pathway; Germ cell; Alkylation; Cell biology; Gene; Computational biology; Biochemistry","authors":[{"name":"Carole L. Yauk","is_ca":true},{"name":"Iain B. Lambert","is_ca":true},{"name":"Francesco Marchetti","is_ca":true},{"name":"George R. Douglas","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01754271309100722,"gpt":0.2978753135767306,"spread":0.2803326004857233,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002766023,0.00069353,0.0008398775,0.0004172509,0.0001053105,0.00002076428,0.0004157289,0.0005938372,0.0008982698],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001152239,0.0006654707,0.0003607221,0.0001876969,0.00008725008,0.00002152318,0.0001865447,0.0003400587,0.002802226],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001792175,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001507443,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002988105,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001326065,"domain_scores_codex":[0.99688,0.00009396019,0.00104545,0.0009016735,0.0003884686,0.0006904764],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982601,0.00007257817,0.0003604777,0.0009756647,0.000101935,0.0002291965],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005485371,0.0002771224,0.002466693,0.0007917766,0.0001402674,0.00005298932,0.0005368365,0.07308666,0.9144002,0.0002736507,0.006245493,0.00117982],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001981815,0.00145172,0.003100255,0.0005552939,0.00006898087,0.00001894413,0.0004964091,0.00006427464,0.7637419,0.00001940406,0.2269591,0.00154189],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8811455,0.0003489286,0.004609603,0.0002528925,0.005110674,0.002305407,0.002770164,0.00007966561,0.1033772],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8179171,0.000142484,0.001048326,0.0002790208,0.0003295126,0.0001365408,0.0007142244,0.0001645451,0.1792682],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2207136,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995797,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4383908941","doi":"10.1787/399d2c34-en","title":"Oxidative DNA damage leading to chromosomal aberrations and mutations","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"report","venue":"OECD series on adverse outcome pathways","topic":"Computational Drug Discovery Methods","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa; Health Canada; Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Adverse Outcome Pathway; DNA damage; Oxidative damage; DNA; Biology; Oxidative phosphorylation; Upstream (networking); Genetics; Computational biology; Oxidative stress; Computer science; Biochemistry","authors":[{"name":"Eunnara Cho","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ashley Allemang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Marc Audebert","is_ca":false},{"name":"Vinita Chauhan","is_ca":true},{"name":"Stephen D. Dertinger","is_ca":false},{"name":"Giel Hendriks","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mirjam Luijten","is_ca":false},{"name":"Francesco Marchetti","is_ca":true},{"name":"Sheroy Minocherhomji","is_ca":false},{"name":"Stefan Pfuhler","is_ca":false},{"name":"Daniel J. Roberts","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kristina Trenz","is_ca":false},{"name":"Carole L. Yauk","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1520668030794322,"gpt":0.3842012329740379,"spread":0.2321344298946056,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001076668,0.0006526344,0.00082833,0.0008629176,0.0006036541,0.0003691274,0.0009673095,0.0002625289,0.00008053105],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00127044,0.0006859152,0.0002639416,0.0008683793,0.0001582207,0.001159161,0.001018002,0.0006116346,0.001684172],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006316492,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001303894,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000599888,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002293468,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9954629,0.0003093414,0.0008886149,0.00130497,0.001435387,0.0005987985],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9965528,0.001080413,0.0004512565,0.001110518,0.0004294409,0.0003755743],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000177078,0.0009485741,0.004302995,0.001924226,0.001705903,0.003729794,0.03197218,0.1533094,0.01148565,0.6709131,0.07406813,0.04546298],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003783678,0.003418281,0.1904844,0.002342351,0.0007279628,0.001046284,0.006170658,0.03628961,0.01094997,0.04935956,0.6838518,0.01157544],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.1798331,0.0001423584,0.3720769,0.01026348,0.02169276,0.005634083,0.004493267,0.005161656,0.4007023],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.3574755,0.0003751515,0.4566841,0.004038886,0.002855955,0.002070421,0.003639289,0.00099012,0.1718706],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6215535,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995592,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3206242311","doi":"10.1787/56e9bbf0-en","title":"Adverse Outcome Pathway on Cyp2E1 activation leading to liver cancer","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"report","venue":"OECD series on adverse outcome pathways","topic":"Pharmacogenetics and Drug Metabolism","field":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Carleton University; University of Ottawa; Health Canada","funders":"","keywords":"CYP2E1; Oxidative stress; Reactive oxygen species; Chemistry; Cytochrome P450; Reactive intermediate; Liver injury; Cytotoxicity; Biochemistry; Cancer research; Cell biology; Pharmacology; Metabolism; Biology; Catalysis; In vitro","authors":[{"name":"Francina Webster","is_ca":true},{"name":"Iain B. Lambert","is_ca":true},{"name":"Carole L. Yauk","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.3059958296056791,"gpt":0.4717454584663969,"spread":0.1657496288607178,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.001922807,0.001759344,0.002264768,0.0009126077,0.0008213806,0.00007700216,0.001026702,0.001863507,0.01207864],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007549647,0.001742393,0.001126549,0.0005868798,0.000239108,0.0003527276,0.0005897186,0.003898166,0.005045504],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001782439,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001779747,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001846981,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00017908,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9915015,0.0008771501,0.002020866,0.001999674,0.001864452,0.001736358],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9947703,0.000635086,0.001213551,0.001312438,0.000812966,0.001255598],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.01055307,0.007209399,0.09455615,0.00645547,0.008365003,0.01183213,0.01041756,0.06236972,0.2518984,0.0143254,0.2525918,0.2694259],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00202323,0.0003014569,0.004039629,0.0002599516,0.0006168362,0.00004755284,0.0003576214,0.00008267978,0.0734954,0.00003652967,0.9169784,0.001760681],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5122083,0.002176197,0.0001011725,0.0028283,0.04893452,0.004420414,0.007688892,0.001021786,0.4206204],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7529032,0.01219551,0.000675355,0.03405659,0.006973649,0.001598121,0.001634927,0.0008431712,0.1891195],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6643866,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995152,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2965344954","doi":"10.1787/063e1bf4-en","title":"Adverse Outcome Pathway on Aryl hydrogen receptor activation leading to early life stage mortality, via reduced VEGF","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"paratext","venue":"OECD series on adverse outcome pathways","topic":"Eicosanoids and Hypertension Pharmacology","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator; Aryl hydrocarbon receptor; Vascular endothelial growth factor; Angiogenesis; Internal medicine; Heart failure; Biology; Endocrinology; Cell biology; Cancer research; Chemistry; Transcription factor; Medicine; VEGF receptors; Biochemistry","authors":[{"name":"Amani Farhat","is_ca":true},{"name":"Sean W. Kennedy","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05208288159334581,"gpt":0.3143487836113465,"spread":0.2622659020180007,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004962056,0.001355321,0.001626129,0.0004502102,0.0003638742,0.00006284676,0.0009185607,0.001455684,0.003230114],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002246226,0.001310247,0.0007964061,0.0002331585,0.0001594228,0.00005014259,0.0005825132,0.001104241,0.02968096],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002701039,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004600791,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007212887,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000028261,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9943388,0.000285691,0.0013988,0.002003362,0.0008041422,0.001169211],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9962485,0.00008209559,0.0008705073,0.001800701,0.0002492928,0.0007488979],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001494121,0.0003492985,0.002234299,0.0002687224,0.0005246804,0.00004208373,0.0001790936,0.001490945,0.938985,0.0002363291,0.05391362,0.0002817716],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001934379,0.00254214,0.001714808,0.000121901,0.0001113575,0.000006954534,0.0002394236,0.00001394643,0.4641385,0.000006879922,0.5274982,0.001671467],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9610706,0.00006609467,0.0000933558,0.0005766844,0.005756705,0.001806351,0.002063017,0.0001085004,0.02845872],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8084488,0.0001785471,0.0001932198,0.01042364,0.001284355,0.0002466147,0.003959532,0.0003452285,0.1749201],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4748465,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999198,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3147882607","doi":"","title":"Adverse Outcome Pathway on Alkylation of DNA in Male Pre-Meiotic Germ Cells Leading to Heritable Mutations","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"OECD series on adverse outcome pathways","topic":"CRISPR and Genetic Engineering","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Carleton University; Health Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Germ cell; Biology; Context (archaeology); Germline; Adverse Outcome Pathway; Genetics; Meiosis; Mutation; Somatic cell; DNA damage; DNA; Gene; Computational biology","authors":[{"name":"Carole L. Yauk","is_ca":true},{"name":"Iain B. Lambert","is_ca":true},{"name":"Francesco Marchetti","is_ca":true},{"name":"George R. Douglas","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01669297385173359,"gpt":0.2853784118132483,"spread":0.2686854379615147,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002174042,0.0002955314,0.0003401331,0.0001910608,0.00006734658,0.000008916232,0.0002056345,0.0001671774,0.0001506624],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001316411,0.0002557461,0.0001610032,0.0001368756,0.00005579899,0.00002197388,0.00009198862,0.0001031413,0.0002489779],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008451121,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004739865,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001574054,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001233477,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982624,0.00004848768,0.0005668714,0.0004745181,0.000228038,0.0004196853],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990606,0.00005333202,0.0001318997,0.0005513238,0.00005439098,0.0001483933],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001935108,0.0001100186,0.0212276,0.00007149081,0.00002365885,0.00001807495,0.0002678381,0.01361228,0.9626715,0.0004998522,0.00009133119,0.001212907],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001293047,0.0007610251,0.02786547,0.0001065878,0.0000178354,0.000009308555,0.0003915988,0.00005806901,0.958755,0.00003694709,0.01022581,0.00047926],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9918802,0.00002370969,0.002759082,0.0001726384,0.0004241148,0.0004374859,0.0001514871,0.00003561515,0.004115697],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9908252,0.00001852183,0.001295148,0.0001896159,0.00007391052,0.00004616032,0.00004257726,0.00005057859,0.007458243],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01355421,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999894,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2966222235","doi":"10.1787/fde13d2c-en","title":"Adverse Outcome Pathway on Aryl hydrogen receptor activation leading to uroporphyria","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"paratext","venue":"OECD series on adverse outcome pathways","topic":"Porphyrin Metabolism and Disorders","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Uroporphyrinogen III decarboxylase; Aryl hydrocarbon receptor; Heme; Chemistry; Cytochrome P450; Enzyme; Porphyria; Aryl; Ligand (biochemistry); Stereochemistry; Biochemistry; Receptor; Transcription factor; Biology; Endocrinology; Gene","authors":[{"name":"Amani Farhat","is_ca":true},{"name":"Gillian E. Manning","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jason M. O’Brien","is_ca":true},{"name":"Sean W. Kennedy","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02460621033889052,"gpt":0.2732550530656873,"spread":0.2486488427267967,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004619263,0.001458685,0.001435787,0.0005125259,0.0003357816,0.00006628114,0.001035542,0.001218666,0.002951348],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003362145,0.001418692,0.0008923017,0.0002813624,0.0001515483,0.00005005191,0.0004635284,0.0008358721,0.07203989],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002111034,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003661462,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003543237,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001972272,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9945235,0.0002055054,0.00124172,0.00197768,0.0008564832,0.00119514],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9962959,0.00006720736,0.0008003387,0.002135827,0.0001634873,0.0005372092],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.004093023,0.0007968014,0.003650443,0.0006923864,0.0006696236,0.00004082398,0.0004535932,0.008833113,0.6490219,0.002193392,0.3267492,0.002805706],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001536239,0.001034314,0.0004462173,0.0001134358,0.00005528892,0.000004785011,0.0003825676,0.000003365901,0.1630283,0.00001799877,0.8318391,0.001538336],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6992208,0.0002998449,0.0004228816,0.0007139415,0.01260833,0.003207338,0.003928315,0.0002122025,0.2793864],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5010325,0.0006168628,0.000878947,0.009989578,0.002389922,0.000416442,0.0115863,0.0006566903,0.4724328],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5050899,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998163,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}