{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":44,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":44,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"query_hash":"12a99e15c0d8","filters":{"venue":"Pacific Economic Review"}},"results":[{"id":"W2171099002","doi":"10.1111/1468-0106.00009","title":"Gender Wage Gaps in Post‐Reform Rural China","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Pacific Economic Review","topic":"Labor market dynamics and wage inequality","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":97,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Winnipeg","funders":"","keywords":"Earnings; Wage; China; Economics; Labour economics; Competition (biology); Demographic economics; Political science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03128545909294975,"gpt":0.2327956835347993,"spread":0.2015102244418495,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.001581219,0.0002889294,0.0009483786,0.0001821865,0.0000681012,0.00007756441,0.0003854927,0.0001124715,0.008481501],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000732207,0.0002975876,0.0002833802,0.0001890522,0.00004928727,0.0003647568,0.00008451156,0.0002588905,0.005282166],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006419689,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001627803,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005298218,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008227013,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974178,0.00004843827,0.001473183,0.0005356807,0.00002953946,0.000495359],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998564,0.00003483245,0.0004948485,0.0007598342,0.00001509059,0.0001313812],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001297465,0.0002661612,0.05689139,0.001871489,0.0001422488,0.00002854808,0.000732084,0.00002351931,0.000004431817,0.9065665,0.004096608,0.02936403],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002753472,0.0001700203,0.1998673,0.001581514,0.00005601301,0.00009459249,0.0004592139,0.01323686,0.00000643653,0.165024,0.6136177,0.00313288],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2198919,0.1901242,0.00004040837,0.002812495,0.0008837907,0.0006765897,0.0005000205,0.00005933207,0.5850112],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8115652,0.1858594,0.00009253766,0.0006900305,0.00009603774,0.00005612793,0.00005393924,0.00003630698,0.001550432],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7415425,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999476,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2010824374","doi":"10.1111/1468-0106.00120","title":"Integration Among Asia‐Pacific and International Stock Markets: Common Stochastic Trends and Regime Shifts","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Pacific Economic Review","topic":"Global Financial Crisis and Policies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":71,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Wilfrid Laurier University","funders":"","keywords":"Stock (firearms); Stock market crash; Economics; Phenomenon; Stock market; Financial economics; Market integration; Financial integration; Financial market; International economics; Geography; Macroeconomics; Finance","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02981719074885122,"gpt":0.2593089095842942,"spread":0.229491718835443,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006823353,0.0002551579,0.0007014717,0.0002416456,0.0001169036,0.0001696856,0.0002006643,0.0001002723,0.0006724934],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007120462,0.0002726888,0.0001219606,0.000142955,0.0001292217,0.0004069455,0.00007839225,0.0001593636,0.0002605325],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001449186,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001045457,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001846019,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001029262,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983142,0.00003393296,0.0008504332,0.0005013718,0.00002746753,0.0002725746],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989889,0.00005902053,0.0004658333,0.0003375156,0.00001822695,0.0001304617],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008172706,0.0001194063,0.1328964,0.0004971871,0.0002087062,0.000009662673,0.0009508407,0.00001830551,0.00000422868,0.3922535,0.08807078,0.3848892],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005433343,0.00008711463,0.2204735,0.0008119414,0.00004137845,0.00006733777,0.0002433425,0.002350429,0.000001048697,0.01467867,0.7600649,0.0006369643],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2492586,0.231433,0.0007824927,0.01211528,0.001773591,0.0008289278,0.0005742279,0.000105739,0.5031281],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8936403,0.1012688,0.00007672286,0.0001925667,0.0001540669,0.00005318986,0.0000714538,0.00002375656,0.004519074],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6719941,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999725,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2132731828","doi":"10.1111/1468-0106.00123","title":"Causality Between Exports and Economic Growth: What do the Econometric Studies Tell Us?","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Pacific Economic Review","topic":"Global trade and economics","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":52,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Cointegration; Economics; Variance decomposition of forecast errors; Impulse response; Econometrics; Endogeneity; Causality (physics); Granger causality; Variance (accounting); Vector autoregression; Macroeconomics; Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1384345380073199,"gpt":0.2799766509383786,"spread":0.1415421129310587,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.002833933,0.0005951134,0.002010907,0.0003151441,0.0003338657,0.0005925205,0.0007045246,0.0001838529,0.001300419],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014141,0.0005612653,0.0004384536,0.0002351927,0.0003454739,0.001724846,0.0002753813,0.000329006,0.006738329],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007716672,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005666506,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002690931,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007073417,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9953796,0.00007977507,0.002393422,0.001325459,0.00003175391,0.0007899801],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9967827,0.0004400836,0.001237867,0.001208615,0.00002797786,0.0003027982],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001062768,0.00004755618,0.8961012,0.0009458325,0.0007331575,0.00001107432,0.0003060799,0.00004734525,1.130347e-7,0.07073139,0.01728413,0.01378153],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006605246,0.0001106688,0.0573344,0.0006575373,0.0001468194,0.00013035,0.0009649981,0.0001292876,0.00000689329,0.04036898,0.8982971,0.001192419],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.3672667,0.5935137,0.0000135471,0.004654573,0.001622723,0.0009176473,0.0002361608,0.00006530191,0.03170966],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.4116047,0.586592,0.000048123,0.0008040497,0.0003802426,0.00009305232,0.00002888386,0.00004270306,0.0004062023],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.881013,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996839,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2086873282","doi":"10.1111/1468-0106.00180","title":"Has Productivity Contributed to China's Growth?","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Pacific Economic Review","topic":"Economic Growth and Productivity","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":51,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Economics; Total factor productivity; Growth accounting; Technological change; China; Productivity; Solow residual; Technical progress; Technical change; Growth model; Decomposition; Macroeconomics; Econometrics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03652752185403653,"gpt":0.2251878345744929,"spread":0.1886603127204564,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.003480555,0.0004267635,0.00144798,0.0002221892,0.0002408235,0.0001549465,0.0004349033,0.0001193217,0.002662913],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001090167,0.0005017649,0.0003328634,0.000296739,0.0001106316,0.0005181644,0.00007387191,0.0002844988,0.01513896],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003970781,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001085244,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001374818,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002479316,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9963464,0.0001280016,0.001366303,0.001401861,0.00003013119,0.000727319],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976686,0.00007849116,0.0006103665,0.001221649,0.00004217866,0.0003786978],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000287422,0.0002436235,0.06126294,0.001570968,0.0002281501,0.00000621246,0.0002854921,0.00003493577,0.00003346791,0.8158135,0.1154662,0.005025819],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004633267,0.00007592611,0.006033133,0.0001923838,0.00002194429,0.00004028069,0.00001345561,0.00003281085,0.0003470155,0.06331343,0.9286917,0.0007745554],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.08714504,0.2337492,0.005251942,0.04706161,0.006737215,0.005731394,0.001232871,0.0004170164,0.6126737],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9804407,0.01401569,0.0007982584,0.001024992,0.0003320115,0.0002941313,0.00004359014,0.0000737173,0.002976949],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8932956,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997434,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2169309803","doi":"10.1111/j.1468-0106.2011.00548.x","title":"ECONOMIC BENEFITS OF GLOBALIZATION: THE IMPACT OF ENTRY TO THE WTO ON CHINA'S GROWTH","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Pacific Economic Review","topic":"Global trade and economics","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Accession; China; International trade; Economics; Panel data; Globalization; Annual growth %; International economics; Economy; Development economics; Geography; Agricultural economics; Market economy; European union","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0647430340229352,"gpt":0.2416752261851929,"spread":0.1769321921622578,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009699743,0.0003059548,0.0009770377,0.0001036339,0.00009187697,0.00003331131,0.0009293512,0.00008464405,0.002053924],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006188837,0.0002130365,0.0005923524,0.0001354133,0.0001000587,0.000184213,0.0001064092,0.0001250107,0.002806824],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000337453,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005322161,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00113565,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006810867,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976018,0.00004339576,0.001499054,0.0004819897,0.00002349015,0.0003502649],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976782,0.00006929185,0.001048432,0.001062565,0.00002007983,0.0001214629],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000639413,0.0001490384,0.09356971,0.0003740185,0.000428781,4.406261e-7,0.0007843252,0.003744895,6.582043e-7,0.8463385,0.0508999,0.003645779],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002155811,0.001898448,0.7148089,0.002738651,0.0002619431,0.00008202998,0.0004874424,0.002134064,0.0005857951,0.07215191,0.2003178,0.002377261],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3882648,0.06643043,0.0000754193,0.002962316,0.00139659,0.001855177,0.001980856,0.00003552692,0.5369989],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9304839,0.06868174,0.0000534797,0.0003654464,0.0001426943,0.00005217788,0.00002048932,0.00003012948,0.0001699294],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7741866,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9988583,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1963640983","doi":"10.1111/j.1468-0106.2010.00498.x","title":"IDENTIFYING THE SHOCKS DRIVING INFLATION IN CHINA","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Pacific Economic Review","topic":"Monetary Policy and Economic Impact","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa; Wilfrid Laurier University","funders":"","keywords":"Deflation; Economics; Inflation (cosmology); China; Monetary policy; Identification (biology); Aggregate supply; Monetary economics; Macroeconomics; Supply shock; Aggregate (composite); Aggregate demand; Keynesian economics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05582752299601689,"gpt":0.2604330369313923,"spread":0.2046055139353754,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.002195718,0.0002103816,0.000598307,0.0001721915,0.0001361322,0.0001284693,0.0004221568,0.00009810388,0.003427654],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001350309,0.0001986097,0.0001995226,0.0001088239,0.00006607016,0.000545051,0.00006965582,0.0004622971,0.004792507],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001270642,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001857241,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005023042,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000381533,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978965,0.00003162633,0.001207729,0.000455003,0.00001613502,0.0003930104],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998562,0.00008633159,0.0005334535,0.0007277781,0.000002821806,0.00008757778],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009015275,0.00006904329,0.7789403,0.0008861705,0.0001219875,0.000005116398,0.001833088,0.000996631,0.00005531538,0.1779846,0.01460352,0.02449527],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006574012,0.00002662316,0.4508285,0.0006202932,0.00002312207,0.00005698617,0.0000951173,0.02091239,0.00002811524,0.05792778,0.4679292,0.0008945019],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7987876,0.0345925,0.000242964,0.004799769,0.002185487,0.0009203461,0.00005771122,0.00005520477,0.1583584],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9748138,0.02343182,0.0001623963,0.0004134839,0.0002761351,0.0000617233,0.00002030845,0.00002708514,0.0007932681],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4533257,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9974834,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2160650630","doi":"10.1111/1468-0106.12084","title":"Corruption in Public Procurement Market","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Pacific Economic Review","topic":"Corruption and Economic Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","keywords":"Bidding; Procurement; Quality (philosophy); Product (mathematics); Business; Product market; Industrial organization; Ranking (information retrieval); Language change; Market power; Economics; Finance; Microeconomics; Marketing; Monopoly","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05364516737656091,"gpt":0.3050446474090316,"spread":0.2513994800324707,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.004016066,0.0001017031,0.0002756395,0.00008180436,0.0001192544,0.00007821609,0.0001991882,0.00004632617,0.01002345],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000165284,0.0001071471,0.00006781607,0.00008614666,0.00005486473,0.000220479,0.00003120601,0.00007667607,0.002706734],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000712875,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002104893,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009636797,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001185693,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986349,0.0002373986,0.0004820895,0.0002754364,0.00007398423,0.0002961806],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994373,0.00005758597,0.0001564605,0.0002026921,0.00001873727,0.000127164],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003832894,0.00004477791,0.02143841,0.0003320951,0.00001023993,4.103487e-7,0.0009503254,0.000001955036,9.591109e-7,0.05073553,0.03315867,0.8933228],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001324378,0.000006127963,0.003958649,0.0002846344,0.000003487373,7.137442e-7,0.0003342534,0.0001245868,2.115385e-7,0.0003247406,0.9946941,0.0001360478],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.002703718,0.003751734,0.00009798944,0.0108514,0.0009347342,0.0007373344,0.000001862911,0.00005822609,0.980863],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8092867,0.1670105,0.0003024629,0.001796519,0.0002853425,0.0003068864,0.00001862437,0.00001884382,0.02097424],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9615355,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9980698,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2933626765","doi":"10.1111/1468-0106.12293","title":"Effect of religious priming in prosocial and destructive behaviour","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Pacific Economic Review","topic":"Experimental Behavioral Economics Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Religiosity; Prosocial behavior; Priming (agriculture); Psychology; Social psychology; Dictator game; Prime (order theory); Task (project management); Sentence; Economics; Linguistics; Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01286544327263408,"gpt":0.3300050308203891,"spread":0.3171395875477551,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001094145,0.0001162102,0.0005372975,0.00004130124,0.00006282506,0.00001675543,0.0001140135,0.00005400947,0.0000540009],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004021178,0.0001153981,0.00007512046,0.00004780389,0.0001821647,0.0001477098,0.00006025133,0.0000811693,0.0000894308],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003273267,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006294626,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001149534,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000265706,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989421,0.0001936595,0.0003660358,0.0002600558,0.00004593076,0.0001922101],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994814,0.0001249143,0.0002044432,0.0001333434,0.00001024219,0.00004567672],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002002906,0.0000183722,0.9718808,0.0007210344,0.00001457061,0.000001332246,0.006531408,3.971053e-7,0.0001617896,0.003021509,0.0001978767,0.01743092],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.03263611,0.01372756,0.4717531,0.0702524,0.003377696,0.0001448354,0.1770615,0.0001292602,0.06732797,0.02273983,0.1253098,0.01554002],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9372866,0.02876887,4.580622e-8,0.0001290984,0.000218541,0.001184046,0.000005788071,0.00001213354,0.03239485],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.947314,0.05240925,0.0000469922,0.00001598729,0.0000255175,0.00007405629,0.000001717661,0.000009754431,0.000102698],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5001277,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4705797,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2031046789","doi":"10.1111/1468-0106.00090","title":"On Measuring the Growth‐maximizing Tax Rate","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Pacific Economic Review","topic":"Fiscal Policy and Economic Growth","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Economics; Tax rate; Growth rate; Econometrics; Macroeconomics; Monetary economics; Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04783519615815082,"gpt":0.2220253311426045,"spread":0.1741901349844537,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.002045183,0.000321249,0.0008285755,0.0001026674,0.0002735342,0.0001293412,0.0006106318,0.00009018212,0.005622613],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001402883,0.0002849968,0.000375074,0.0001216098,0.0001051581,0.0003021229,0.00004450652,0.0003054241,0.04126248],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002482861,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002266452,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001171159,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009085538,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974733,0.00007513041,0.001214489,0.0006815574,0.00002187798,0.0005336564],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984108,0.0002102193,0.0004115005,0.0008322056,0.000008888723,0.0001264351],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003518397,0.00006945959,0.001883712,0.0007874658,0.0001778228,0.000004737442,0.0002247482,0.0001351867,0.000002526922,0.8690389,0.1067875,0.02085277],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006034584,0.00006851912,0.002347016,0.0007647451,0.00002903745,0.00002591653,0.0000311629,0.001080088,0.0000490024,0.3054296,0.688762,0.0008094027],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.02426668,0.04054703,0.00003055555,0.0102682,0.0006355104,0.0006531276,0.0001522723,0.00008232946,0.9233643],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8971933,0.08192467,0.00007628324,0.008892613,0.0006134843,0.0002192541,0.00002414619,0.00009789425,0.01095842],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9124059,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999602,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2411855211","doi":"10.1111/1468-0106.12240","title":"How fast can China grow? The Middle Kingdom's prospects to 2030","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Pacific Economic Review","topic":"Economic Growth and Productivity","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Bank of Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Economics; Total factor productivity; China; Human capital; Stock (firearms); Wage; Investment (military); Growth accounting; Productivity; Commodity; Production function; Macroeconomics; Production (economics); Monetary economics; Econometrics; Labour economics; Market economy","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07444965803920957,"gpt":0.2391964077907605,"spread":0.164746749751551,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001828937,0.0003823836,0.001072136,0.0001029067,0.0009424056,0.0008960345,0.001418641,0.00009376794,0.0004954133],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004536879,0.0003448123,0.0003417251,0.00006846878,0.0001801325,0.0006170246,0.0002818701,0.0003182752,0.003589966],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002793905,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004800428,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005425462,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002703403,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974288,0.00004071297,0.0008134817,0.001059189,0.00002978162,0.0006280665],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9958856,0.00004420591,0.001139774,0.002646703,0.00002036263,0.0002634042],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003473362,0.0001513528,0.09125393,0.002973695,0.0003618135,0.00001432944,0.00136655,0.00002401259,0.00001100298,0.7514634,0.1041798,0.04816533],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003294536,0.00005818526,0.01980123,0.0004868735,0.0000234029,0.00003102423,0.00005503314,0.00009994695,0.00005161785,0.01747674,0.9609528,0.0006337605],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.0613309,0.09746031,0.0002995634,0.2759725,0.005582425,0.003882929,0.0008143613,0.0001404079,0.5545166],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9707649,0.01842069,0.0001641903,0.001395246,0.0008293105,0.0002852515,0.00001876135,0.0000620978,0.008059588],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.909434,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999004,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2143503820","doi":"10.1111/j.1468-0106.2006.00307.x","title":"IMPLICATIONS OF ALTERNATIVE EMISSION TRADING PLANS: EXPERIMENTAL EVIDENCE","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Pacific Economic Review","topic":"Climate Change Policy and Economics","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McMaster University; York University","funders":"","keywords":"Emissions trading; Baseline (sea); Economics; Variable (mathematics); Aggregate (composite); Econometrics; Monetary economics; Microeconomics; Greenhouse gas; Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1878202494572362,"gpt":0.3308277086636644,"spread":0.1430074592064282,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005572534,0.0001843749,0.0006664662,0.0001242325,0.00007851642,0.0000322302,0.0003022493,0.00005944306,0.001705771],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000395644,0.0002159653,0.0002140247,0.00007686963,0.00006828528,0.0003430719,0.00005240288,0.00008303922,0.0006369103],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003115831,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001806098,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000399048,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001381883,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980606,0.00001723141,0.001210868,0.0004400696,0.00001368246,0.0002575904],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985445,0.0001198589,0.0007930745,0.0004595126,0.00001045292,0.00007266463],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003702068,0.0003989422,0.1187608,0.003069217,0.0001638902,0.000002493071,0.001256753,0.0001159022,0.001231808,0.7985957,0.07241313,0.00395435],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00243335,0.0004378241,0.02210975,0.01269024,0.0001403668,0.0001573183,0.00118494,0.01127475,0.0202148,0.3244379,0.6013855,0.003533189],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1790534,0.4463552,0.0006445153,0.004683306,0.0009272839,0.001245736,0.001741504,0.00008188979,0.3652672],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9227374,0.07589345,0.000253002,0.0002159064,0.0002253375,0.0001160366,0.00006259183,0.00002810025,0.0004682072],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.743684,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9992068,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1825256422","doi":"10.1111/j.1468-0106.2011.00564.x","title":"SHIFT WORKING AND TRADE IN LABOUR SERVICES WITH TIME ZONE DIFFERENCES","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Pacific Economic Review","topic":"Global trade and economics","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Commodity; Comparative advantage; Economics; Working time; Wage; Labour economics; Capital (architecture); Wage rate; Working hours; Paradigm shift; Service (business); International trade; Work (physics); Economy; Market economy","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06398970095885356,"gpt":0.1952843823150794,"spread":0.1312946813562258,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005120033,0.0002473024,0.0008809883,0.0001219109,0.00005215998,0.00007010956,0.0002797575,0.00008300889,0.001154059],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000003871708,0.0002459226,0.00007576514,0.0001044375,0.00006774566,0.0003114081,0.00004567395,0.000143331,0.001466328],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000828509,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001374065,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004109081,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002079295,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982306,0.00002035559,0.000812211,0.0005640371,0.0000132098,0.0003595715],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991166,0.00003246308,0.0003898204,0.0003426822,0.000002129691,0.0001163301],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002465877,0.00007740437,0.8540431,0.001254859,0.00009164047,0.00001075036,0.001161735,0.000002995564,4.994416e-7,0.1381907,0.0001767966,0.004964908],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001312666,0.0001948708,0.7209188,0.00290363,0.00004378457,0.00005448462,0.0004073049,0.0006401933,0.000008515034,0.0300764,0.2421163,0.001323099],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6907854,0.1348429,0.00002396985,0.001280948,0.0002294838,0.0005944085,0.0001143878,0.00005584421,0.1720727],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9231635,0.07546358,0.0004163388,0.0005719797,0.00004679341,0.00003967651,0.000009997281,0.00002492504,0.000263218],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2419395,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999993,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1510806250","doi":"10.1111/j.1468-0106.2010.00536.x","title":"AIRPORT CONGESTION PRICING AND ITS WELFARE IMPLICATIONS: THE CASE OF VARIABLE PASSENGER TIME COSTS","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Pacific Economic Review","topic":"Aviation Industry Analysis and Trends","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Congestion pricing; Economics; Variable (mathematics); Microeconomics; Singapore Area Licensing Scheme; Variable pricing; Welfare; Variable cost; Traffic congestion; Pareto principle; Monopoly; Operations management; Transport engineering; Market economy; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05552238275157172,"gpt":0.2447097375415201,"spread":0.1891873547899484,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009813772,0.0001211807,0.0004605064,0.00007459602,0.0001426951,0.00002016728,0.0001225786,0.00006837947,0.003245189],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006657305,0.0001063816,0.00008955828,0.0001481428,0.00003825877,0.0001946359,0.00003569321,0.0001016442,0.0004801566],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007160268,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001593959,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001473727,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007149957,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998703,0.00003252438,0.0008233661,0.0002996992,0.000009360844,0.0001320482],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986881,0.0000541955,0.0007604592,0.0004035357,0.00003758953,0.00005612185],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002720627,0.00004884793,0.01938721,0.0003359048,0.0001815378,0.00000611777,0.0001358441,0.0000114385,0.000003028948,0.9669632,0.002267642,0.01065651],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00173674,0.0002601809,0.1532915,0.002170912,0.001143752,0.002322517,0.001047681,0.0121815,0.0001426233,0.04380734,0.7795747,0.00232057],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.07796466,0.2782194,0.0007975635,0.01042323,0.0004796625,0.001837792,0.0009477959,0.00009166635,0.6292382],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9798613,0.01867937,0.0001409474,0.0001032672,0.0000332105,0.00007494058,0.00002923263,0.00001273169,0.001065072],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9231558,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.997666,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2615999466","doi":"10.1111/1468-0106.12220","title":"Generality Versus Context Specificity: First, Second and Third Best in Theory and Policy","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Pacific Economic Review","topic":"Fiscal Policy and Economic Growth","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Generality; Status quo; Economics; Context (archaeology); Argument (complex analysis); Welfare; Contrast (vision); Positive economics; Point (geometry); Microeconomics; Public economics; Mathematical economics; Mathematics; Computer science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0695601821662328,"gpt":0.2887160688068393,"spread":0.2191558866406065,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00200643,0.000307905,0.001087216,0.0001817457,0.0003420658,0.0002833523,0.0004125333,0.00014429,0.000586142],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003820506,0.0003516425,0.000137301,0.00003727073,0.0003764846,0.0005896544,0.0002339763,0.0002373918,0.001140103],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002428836,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003685955,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008833313,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001263276,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976633,0.00005388805,0.001044208,0.0007757469,0.00001492216,0.0004479896],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979044,0.0002221964,0.0007009465,0.0009668746,0.000007433774,0.0001981438],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007238962,0.00003472693,0.04614975,0.0008284132,0.00006800384,0.000003932844,0.000261137,6.74374e-7,7.059231e-7,0.9384566,0.003569169,0.01055453],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002650668,0.0001107319,0.082675,0.0005796625,0.00002491236,0.00002602699,0.000205902,0.0002301106,0.000012166,0.3139856,0.5986343,0.0008649051],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3387885,0.1144103,0.00001086777,0.007318486,0.0007654076,0.0006370565,0.0004604127,0.00002441203,0.5375845],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9099058,0.08687226,0.00004369712,0.0008342134,0.0004096653,0.00005108025,0.00001027195,0.00003226953,0.001840762],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6244709,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998935,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2113742878","doi":"10.1111/j.1468-0106.2011.00546.x","title":"ILLEGAL DISPOSAL AND WASTE COLLECTION FREQUENCY","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Pacific Economic Review","topic":"Municipal Solid Waste Management","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Economics; Natural resource economics; Environmental science; Waste management; Business; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0228489557692385,"gpt":0.2219307119054907,"spread":0.1990817561362521,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003573671,0.0001254956,0.000213979,0.00001830157,0.00008047513,0.00001597458,0.0001592153,0.00002551335,0.009041142],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009629751,0.0001133079,0.00005107873,0.00006636413,0.00009721391,0.0001798249,0.0001683273,0.00006461354,0.002265282],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001717417,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004921831,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005525487,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000169104,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991087,0.00005853332,0.0002846056,0.0003033367,0.00005500871,0.0001897874],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994714,0.00001106506,0.0001039629,0.0003199539,0.000001380777,0.00009219468],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000952613,0.0006023602,0.2562832,0.005466228,0.0004327132,0.0000803486,0.007590563,0.0006895154,0.0002221637,0.0502672,0.3664749,0.3117955],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001319159,0.0004968077,0.03517965,0.001839978,0.000403607,0.0001241224,0.001551402,0.01150437,0.0001923615,0.007516953,0.9378117,0.002059896],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.04466941,0.009748322,0.00006714837,0.0003179027,0.000341571,0.000798133,0.000005420687,0.00003524463,0.9440169],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9185506,0.07390501,0.001244739,0.0004231147,0.00006134154,0.0001323084,0.000006932426,0.00002935473,0.00564668],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9383702,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9985116,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2024620955","doi":"10.1111/1468-0106.00097","title":"Impact Of Tariff Reduction On Structural Employment In China: A Computable General Equilibrium Analysis","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Pacific Economic Review","topic":"Global trade and economics","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Computable general equilibrium; Economics; Tariff; Unemployment; China; General equilibrium theory; Chinese economy; Structural adjustment; Macroeconomics; Structural unemployment; International economics; Market economy","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03887202347842866,"gpt":0.2648582647897122,"spread":0.2259862413112836,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005080879,0.0002748237,0.001367986,0.0003348601,0.00003281234,0.00004691397,0.0002719634,0.00009013541,0.006686176],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000007895237,0.0002905332,0.0007122777,0.0003850592,0.00004949862,0.0002787604,0.00002667118,0.0001551416,0.001044281],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006516902,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003743476,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002234233,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002504382,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974675,0.00003487789,0.001466651,0.0006083427,0.00002258132,0.0004000358],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987754,0.00001507084,0.0005043466,0.0005866072,0.000007295326,0.0001113234],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001382113,0.0002929486,0.4398358,0.0005328441,0.002047546,0.000005186652,0.0003396588,0.5101495,0.00001446039,0.02128233,0.006633903,0.01872756],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002397646,0.0008146744,0.7569519,0.0006526242,0.0003691828,0.00005397749,0.00003795707,0.1871215,0.00004156324,0.01923778,0.03049332,0.001827846],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9448028,0.01542904,0.000006623705,0.0002220664,0.0002050315,0.0003738553,0.0002954431,0.0000191934,0.03864594],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9773237,0.02136502,0.0001697483,0.00005290558,0.00009532624,0.00002314557,0.0001168774,0.00002248143,0.0008308559],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.323028,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999547,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1930641578","doi":"10.1111/j.1468-0106.2010.00533.x","title":"DEVELOPMENT OF AIR TRANSPORT INDUSTRY IN THE ASIA‐PACIFIC REGION","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Pacific Economic Review","topic":"Aviation Industry Analysis and Trends","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Asia pacific; Air transport; Pacific Rim; Private sector; Business; International trade; Economics; Economy; Finance; Economic growth; Geography; Engineering; Transport engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1111301144509083,"gpt":0.2491336108621174,"spread":0.1380034964112091,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001399099,0.000173165,0.0006582137,0.0001797186,0.00006258205,0.000007434217,0.0003669873,0.0002469656,0.001539797],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001509453,0.0001530658,0.000201415,0.0002864223,0.00005458704,0.0001743866,0.00001523067,0.0004346518,0.0005233865],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009724181,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000558719,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004131307,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002835236,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977948,0.00003701293,0.001562228,0.000364849,0.00002987972,0.0002112031],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986141,0.00002374987,0.0007658785,0.0005326656,0.00001253569,0.00005105574],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001671242,0.0004110504,0.7265811,0.001009834,0.000268011,0.00001803928,0.007443237,0.00002268651,9.153767e-7,0.2319198,0.008303683,0.02400492],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004088512,0.00003069714,0.2035643,0.0006992795,0.00004982871,0.00002163816,0.002207276,0.00005004491,0.00005342348,0.003462081,0.7889551,0.0004974368],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.08578982,0.03542491,0.0005262127,0.002278124,0.000362025,0.0006757706,0.00006459898,0.00003097024,0.8748476],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9917608,0.006401925,0.0003905158,0.0001379947,0.00003517752,0.0000810577,0.00003198851,0.00001398535,0.001146522],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.905971,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999373,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2116861629","doi":"10.1111/j.1468-0106.2006.00306.x","title":"PROCUREMENT EXPERIMENTS WITH UNKNOWN COSTS OF QUALITY","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Pacific Economic Review","topic":"Auction Theory and Applications","field":"Decision Sciences","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Profitability index; Procurement; Competition (biology); Common value auction; Quality (philosophy); Microeconomics; Reverse auction; Economics; Auction theory; Eauction; Vickrey–Clarke–Groves auction; English auction; Industrial organization; Business; Finance","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1355295385750927,"gpt":0.4278396786528449,"spread":0.2923101400777522,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.002341753,0.00009594008,0.0003633841,0.0000382906,0.00006668905,0.00002932853,0.0002991662,0.00002004583,0.001406213],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006367652,0.00006369401,0.0001082805,0.0001521724,0.0001012784,0.0001276235,0.00002834314,0.00003901356,0.000943537],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007492051,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005078185,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002461514,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001326992,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982952,0.0001691981,0.0009012888,0.0003203563,0.0002084846,0.0001055119],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984779,0.0001811427,0.0005944609,0.000621082,0.00008189082,0.00004351022],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003614368,0.0002915282,0.005552831,0.000268102,0.00005047352,4.437748e-7,0.0001177847,0.0001528611,0.0004502933,0.8449439,0.05761456,0.09052108],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000315408,0.00004802386,0.001395002,0.0004878089,0.000028602,0.000006704118,0.0003875082,0.00002512031,0.003314767,0.03176798,0.9619926,0.000230436],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.09761012,0.08885269,0.0161256,0.005915894,0.0005101839,0.003846739,0.0001197199,0.00011671,0.7869024],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9921374,0.002090751,0.0005874542,0.00014463,0.00005410684,0.0001843284,0.00001073098,0.00000796781,0.004782659],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9043781,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998344,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2165066217","doi":"10.1111/j.1468-0106.2007.00348.x","title":"VOLUNTARY CONTRIBUTIONS TO A PUBLIC GOOD: NON‐NEUTRALITY RESULTS","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Pacific Economic Review","topic":"Economic theories and models","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Neutrality; Economics; Redistribution (election); Public good; Microeconomics; Public economics; Affect (linguistics); Law; Political science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03834200987176931,"gpt":0.28068137846983,"spread":0.2423393685980607,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.005885317,0.0003514823,0.001204461,0.0002528623,0.0002089744,0.0001252153,0.0005829941,0.0001540695,0.001022716],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000297871,0.000414746,0.0004093109,0.0002266575,0.00009207863,0.0004586707,0.0001533521,0.000259451,0.01129898],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000854775,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009103059,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003674114,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002299695,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9956184,0.00003208399,0.002423366,0.0009994161,0.00002666621,0.0009000728],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9972417,0.0001825815,0.0007421478,0.001221518,0.00006030613,0.0005517892],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004758274,0.00007600297,0.005356668,0.0003136166,0.0001327895,0.00000586392,0.0002424234,0.00002850635,0.000005478584,0.9369778,0.0518939,0.004919359],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006887366,0.00007043029,0.003538807,0.0002216248,0.00001835857,0.00001727194,0.00009105796,0.0001238144,0.00003221777,0.02317399,0.9714545,0.0005691719],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.05053131,0.07338554,0.01819822,0.03852605,0.00413993,0.003568253,0.01068399,0.0002913752,0.8006753],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9685268,0.022611,0.0006777289,0.00239455,0.0005045978,0.0001252629,0.0002507502,0.00005901141,0.004850268],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9195606,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998905,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2616951861","doi":"10.1111/1468-0106.12225","title":"Second‐Best Theory: Ageing well at Sixty","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Pacific Economic Review","topic":"Fiscal Policy and Economic Growth","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Commodity; Economics; Normative; Government (linguistics); Public policy; Welfare; Public economics; Policy analysis; General equilibrium theory; Microeconomics; Neoclassical economics; Economic growth; Political science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05186053985333419,"gpt":0.2561851491270343,"spread":0.2043246092737001,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.002028578,0.000394307,0.001262469,0.000119269,0.0007838491,0.0002969787,0.00110976,0.0001643743,0.016377],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002164616,0.000447106,0.0004859073,0.00003158737,0.0002505748,0.0007247927,0.0003767799,0.0002586555,0.08158797],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004641042,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002953664,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008346602,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000903425,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9969893,0.00004609925,0.001356756,0.0009302686,0.00002096767,0.0006566288],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9960723,0.0001157524,0.001475969,0.002073056,0.00001102968,0.0002519013],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002875531,0.00007801451,0.04012293,0.00197583,0.0002467222,0.00002233088,0.0001958467,0.000004502096,0.000006433203,0.8424678,0.1068999,0.007950924],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004331625,0.00003286818,0.006431057,0.0003862776,0.00002400704,0.00002326716,0.00002487052,0.0001629279,0.00002946994,0.1346908,0.8571783,0.0005829619],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.02440118,0.04827512,0.00003705125,0.002341382,0.001327442,0.0004936508,0.0003217242,0.00005472181,0.9227477],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.906228,0.03954485,0.0001226099,0.001803565,0.0007951994,0.0001218867,0.00004743217,0.0001046337,0.0512318],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8818269,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997981,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2064544478","doi":"10.1111/j.1468-0106.2003.00215.x","title":"WTO ACCESSION AND CHINA's DOMESTIC REGIONAL LIBERALIZATION: A THEORETICAL ANALYSIS","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Pacific Economic Review","topic":"Global trade and economics","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Accession; Liberalization; China; International economics; Free trade; International trade; Economics; Trade diversion; International free trade agreement; Political science; Market economy; European union","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04100184910315111,"gpt":0.2547327923570314,"spread":0.2137309432538803,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009072436,0.0002405659,0.000931333,0.0002004818,0.0001194937,0.0001313659,0.0002112393,0.000103479,0.004772318],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000981331,0.00025266,0.0002911508,0.0003049146,0.0001505437,0.0003016298,0.00004073751,0.0001235335,0.001180175],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000126992,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002722306,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002352882,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005649145,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979795,0.00005529924,0.0009774516,0.0006553411,0.00001815065,0.0003142293],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988332,0.00006692958,0.0003994349,0.0004971462,0.00001041452,0.0001928249],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003097389,0.00002506739,0.01860749,0.000196997,0.0001819607,0.0000022379,0.00003930083,0.00005373976,1.388461e-7,0.9770746,0.003149428,0.0006660095],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006509224,0.00005464204,0.02119082,0.0003074076,0.0003418828,0.00009215577,0.00004902511,0.003759068,0.000003023075,0.4158502,0.5568675,0.0008333128],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.06715544,0.3625102,0.004457126,0.009094381,0.0009839879,0.001134455,0.0002381371,0.0001326558,0.5542936],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8162972,0.1810637,0.0008227839,0.0009820604,0.00006599109,0.00004715049,0.00006278671,0.00002650669,0.0006319043],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7491417,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999925,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2616351014","doi":"10.1111/1468-0106.12222","title":"Economic Policy with and without Maximizing Rules","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Pacific Economic Review","topic":"Economic Theory and Policy","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Economics; Status quo; Divergence (linguistics); Context (archaeology); Argument (complex analysis); Welfare; Nothing; Neoclassical economics; Value (mathematics); Criticism; Positive economics; Poverty; Public economics; Microeconomics; Economic growth; Law; Market economy; Political science; Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03964059031356169,"gpt":0.2755602908831218,"spread":0.2359197005695602,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.001146089,0.0003887835,0.001216884,0.0001970065,0.0005547043,0.000446728,0.0006959539,0.0001102316,0.001092355],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008919931,0.0004032289,0.0001772095,0.00001858289,0.0003706802,0.000848442,0.0001866873,0.0001990097,0.007289486],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003103624,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001100535,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009834045,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001836093,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976327,0.00003206819,0.0009832755,0.000828099,0.000009597207,0.000514197],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9967943,0.00005512773,0.001318837,0.001577026,0.000008143151,0.0002465756],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002064482,0.00001281316,0.07563169,0.0004862345,0.0001258196,0.000002199856,0.0001187778,0.000008075547,7.986719e-7,0.9134064,0.001390229,0.008796295],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001536353,0.0001097458,0.01744372,0.001145798,0.0000570776,0.000247202,0.00007254868,0.0003551753,0.00002354847,0.1962655,0.7814741,0.001269215],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2276562,0.07010695,0.00008968815,0.008486099,0.0006717168,0.0009193522,0.000663873,0.0001051874,0.691301],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8672286,0.125438,0.0007057781,0.0009137554,0.0007361617,0.0001032021,0.00002518535,0.00009109145,0.00475821],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7800839,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998419,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2135722438","doi":"10.1111/1468-0106.00119","title":"Macroeconomic Control in the Transforming Chinese Economy: An Analysis of the Long‐Run Effect","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Pacific Economic Review","topic":"Fiscal Policy and Economic Growth","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Economics; Inflation (cosmology); Interest rate; Monetary policy; Dual (grammatical number); Monetary economics; Real interest rate; Context (archaeology); Financial repression; Macroeconomics; Chinese economy; Endogenous growth theory; Fiscal policy; Government (linguistics); Nominal interest rate; Control (management); Market economy; China","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01548436049824949,"gpt":0.2466928561601129,"spread":0.2312084956618634,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003656714,0.000409667,0.001968303,0.0004258698,0.0001451902,0.0000931834,0.001250062,0.000134849,0.0008180023],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000717979,0.0002934209,0.001079802,0.0005759791,0.000173771,0.0005863027,0.00004477067,0.0003158488,0.000519996],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003232843,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004233215,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005447913,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001080646,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9964044,0.0002162302,0.002083754,0.0007245563,0.00002408042,0.0005469817],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9971899,0.0003683316,0.0009433303,0.001379964,0.000009756412,0.0001087299],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003601905,0.00008330839,0.9624477,0.0004124777,0.0005737648,0.000002800535,0.0004661026,0.0007097112,0.000001357979,0.03174296,0.0002935402,0.003230232],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003495431,0.0002892383,0.8177152,0.000509047,0.0011079,0.00008937404,0.0002516915,0.04314249,0.0000164801,0.04174605,0.09016445,0.001472687],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8166927,0.02847292,0.0001791196,0.003991076,0.0004785846,0.001881986,0.0003603082,0.00002900455,0.1479143],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.988835,0.008460131,0.000006959917,0.002160685,0.0001493228,0.000194374,0.00003747484,0.00003463717,0.0001214034],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1721423,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999518,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2946148881","doi":"10.1111/1468-0106.12300","title":"Chinese economy in the new era","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Pacific Economic Review","topic":"Income, Poverty, and Inequality","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"China; Real gross domestic product; Economics; Per capita; Gross domestic product; Quarter (Canadian coin); Milestone; Development economics; Economic growth; Macroeconomics; Geography; Demography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02882039199926265,"gpt":0.3258322286198232,"spread":0.2970118366205605,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.002805599,0.0001159634,0.0003654868,0.00002838232,0.00009846385,0.00007841466,0.0004795354,0.00005059194,0.00413006],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008232181,0.00007832476,0.0001421626,0.0001051917,0.00005357091,0.0003006147,0.00002535019,0.0001504091,0.005606833],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001714425,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002822899,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001666736,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001220621,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986654,0.0003600525,0.0004203098,0.0002351375,0.00006134003,0.0002577536],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991412,0.0002037293,0.0001448898,0.0004302977,0.00001032651,0.0000696143],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001057039,0.00008991415,0.2225571,0.001353705,0.00004008672,0.000003020559,0.01868289,0.000008790958,0.000001640891,0.4277884,0.2500674,0.07939655],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001263952,0.000009305201,0.003460016,0.0001772265,0.000005342451,8.741779e-7,0.0008123774,0.00001148858,2.073713e-7,0.007876682,0.9873973,0.0001228003],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.02052357,0.03107242,0.000003671573,0.01270183,0.0006704634,0.0008277232,0.000004092155,0.00002054278,0.9341757],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8265313,0.1526295,0.00005214075,0.007745307,0.0009181646,0.00005086003,0.00001289763,0.00001582124,0.01204402],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9221317,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9967803,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2620147934","doi":"10.1111/1468-0106.12223","title":"Concluding Comments to the Debate","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Pacific Economic Review","topic":"Fiscal Policy and Economic Growth","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Status quo; Best practice; Proposition; Economics; Positive economics; Correctness; Poverty; Law and economics; Epistemology; Mathematics; Philosophy; Economic growth","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1046982073868196,"gpt":0.2981523349656659,"spread":0.1934541275788463,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001508895,0.0002252608,0.0007240503,0.00006504687,0.0007599746,0.0003231002,0.001248966,0.00006044967,0.0007975003],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002357987,0.0002019168,0.000237669,0.00003034702,0.0001005748,0.0003615574,0.0003016216,0.0001648284,0.02833092],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000200144,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001689181,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002039203,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004054618,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980739,0.00002357339,0.0009251761,0.0005216573,0.00001611527,0.0004395958],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9973726,0.00006439096,0.0007513032,0.001626316,0.000008429933,0.0001769652],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000100756,0.00003475466,0.0410008,0.0005289961,0.0001771361,0.000003725518,0.0003458548,0.00001574806,0.000001514959,0.4925548,0.4482967,0.01702986],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002296854,0.00002065007,0.007356698,0.0002770635,0.00001103501,0.00000849638,0.00002218207,0.0002699691,0.000009364972,0.02708859,0.964408,0.0002982193],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.006953241,0.02852136,0.0001716508,0.07509778,0.002111928,0.0009996066,0.0002919485,0.0000463285,0.8858061],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9688004,0.0165548,0.0001362825,0.01035445,0.0006087316,0.0001786239,0.00001467955,0.00004710746,0.003304922],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9618472,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9724256,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4306149914","doi":"10.1111/1468-0106.12409","title":"International currency markets and the <scp>COVID</scp>‐19 pandemic","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Pacific Economic Review","topic":"COVID-19 Pandemic Impacts","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Economics; Currency; Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Pandemic; Monetary economics; Econometrics; Recession; Great recession; Population; Macroeconomics; Keynesian economics; Demography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06032527694175697,"gpt":0.28730317997146,"spread":0.2269779030297031,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.004879296,0.0002494305,0.0007555674,0.0001805025,0.0003236473,0.0001026202,0.0007567274,0.00005149335,0.003678414],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001448493,0.0002376301,0.000247201,0.0001590396,0.00017012,0.0002381951,0.0004582115,0.0004211707,0.0009909105],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008190768,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001276706,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001226932,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005255665,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976302,0.0001715438,0.001094553,0.0006651038,0.00005849354,0.000380092],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.997349,0.001019721,0.0007982583,0.0006424729,0.00001232027,0.0001782334],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003399544,0.00009089899,0.5232154,0.001315413,0.0003821274,0.00001014111,0.00226277,0.0001339605,0.000001944979,0.1568463,0.2834695,0.03223757],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001081213,0.0000152911,0.002758833,0.00006453194,0.00002132897,0.0001016824,0.0001425351,0.001316514,7.789493e-8,0.0162825,0.9781047,0.0001108004],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.02431776,0.6117245,0.0005414012,0.00797019,0.00478312,0.002241372,0.001178595,0.0001769352,0.3470662],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5174754,0.4655374,0.0000798253,0.008430435,0.0003020547,0.0005874689,0.00009661642,0.00005671708,0.007434092],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6946352,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997869,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2617701349","doi":"10.1111/1468-0106.12218","title":"Editors’ Introduction","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Pacific Economic Review","topic":"Fiscal Policy and Economic Growth","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Best practice; Context (archaeology); Best value; Mathematical economics; Economics; Function (biology); Value (mathematics); Positive economics; Sign (mathematics); Law and economics; Computer science; Mathematics; Management","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04308773656822156,"gpt":0.2551062734093461,"spread":0.2120185368411245,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.001049083,0.0002135048,0.0007435161,0.000086037,0.0004052388,0.0002219407,0.0006538114,0.00009655795,0.002267577],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002489869,0.0002476491,0.0002530435,0.00002121434,0.0001425687,0.0007324748,0.0001156965,0.000171563,0.02345522],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002034199,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001965264,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009520526,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006081499,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980544,0.00001417949,0.0009273514,0.0006319012,0.00001416281,0.0003580177],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9973533,0.00002298416,0.0009732708,0.00150753,0.00000964526,0.0001332892],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003819949,0.0000222055,0.009341449,0.0004163938,0.00005232543,0.000001015838,0.00003183973,0.000001697696,0.000001281717,0.3084125,0.6777961,0.003919345],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001924311,0.00001816481,0.004736039,0.0001042675,0.000009066483,0.000009371835,0.000007204678,0.0001215211,0.0000128785,0.07289547,0.9216109,0.0002826621],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.001800611,0.03066869,0.00009438676,0.0427225,0.01668454,0.000503434,0.0001786967,0.00008148771,0.9072657],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8224263,0.07809409,0.0005970958,0.002403724,0.07945796,0.0002903228,0.0001229424,0.0001601324,0.01644738],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8908183,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999976,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2082075138","doi":"10.1111/j.1468-0106.2009.00438.x","title":"KALDORIAN DEMAND FUNCTIONS AND THE RETURN TO CAPITAL: AN ANALYSIS IN A TRADE THEORETIC FRAMEWORK","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Pacific Economic Review","topic":"Economic Theory and Policy","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Centre for International Governance Innovation","funders":"","keywords":"Economics; Investment (military); Capital (architecture); Proposition; Rate of return; Macroeconomics; Econometrics; Monetary economics; Microeconomics; Finance","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.016907229237999,"gpt":0.2480937511807129,"spread":0.2311865219427139,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002779339,0.0002500548,0.001135675,0.0003445225,0.0001330257,0.0001289573,0.0003507559,0.0001153249,0.001299559],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001633601,0.0002202843,0.0003060785,0.0003914922,0.0001463683,0.0002571815,0.00003040534,0.0002637523,0.0006073249],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001403868,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001882997,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001213248,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002045554,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977419,0.0001596151,0.001097287,0.0006342141,0.00001086278,0.0003560659],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983135,0.0002615742,0.000343768,0.0008773971,0.000004309722,0.0001994019],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003084651,0.00002815789,0.005742717,0.00006025331,0.0001068963,0.000001191661,0.00162615,0.0001328905,1.553009e-7,0.9891627,0.0004340695,0.002673976],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007818416,0.0001149202,0.01889909,0.0002551707,0.0002272555,0.00002107851,0.0006131295,0.001629915,0.00000150868,0.9239308,0.05296929,0.000555985],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5661113,0.2224422,0.001865316,0.05639632,0.0009466939,0.00265948,0.0004522612,0.0001013227,0.1490252],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9605442,0.03507422,0.0001470152,0.003572261,0.000185632,0.0000757733,0.00002795833,0.00001803206,0.0003549364],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3944329,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996134,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2088699675","doi":"10.1111/j.1468-0106.2004.00235.x","title":"Price dispersion in a model of identical agents with perfect information","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Pacific Economic Review","topic":"Economic theories and models","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Price dispersion; Profit (economics); Microeconomics; Dispersion (optics); Service (business); Economics; Function (biology); Business; Industrial organization; Economy","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02718087619059366,"gpt":0.2233266271065766,"spread":0.1961457509159829,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000794807,0.0001663301,0.0006707707,0.0001604239,0.0000324556,0.00003126255,0.0002093127,0.00006303246,0.000332567],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003537824,0.0001672354,0.0001326234,0.00008925932,0.00006092856,0.0008268042,0.00004879179,0.0001096681,0.0008002098],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003553988,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000611754,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001215029,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001999835,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982531,0.00001024151,0.001201495,0.0002739913,0.00001998238,0.0002411749],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998953,0.00002024418,0.0005584121,0.0003802924,0.00001368725,0.00007438008],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000488857,0.00009823649,0.006434356,0.001741944,0.00005722574,0.000001097516,0.0009957645,0.02302562,0.000002689731,0.965313,0.0006351183,0.001646115],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01397631,0.0009457347,0.009015075,0.01118467,0.0001671059,0.00009920465,0.00144488,0.2700711,0.0002295659,0.5362618,0.1527939,0.003810673],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.647148,0.04897397,0.02953473,0.002197993,0.0005192301,0.002241621,0.000442544,0.00006382117,0.2688781],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9416735,0.05713569,0.0007485655,0.0002069063,0.00001637945,0.00004530677,0.00002747866,0.00001569729,0.0001304596],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4290512,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999778,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4306405796","doi":"10.1111/1468-0106.12410","title":"Pandemic‐induced fear and government policy response as a measure of uncertainty in the foreign exchange market: Evidence from (a)symmetric wild bootstrap likelihood ratio test","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Pacific Economic Review","topic":"COVID-19 Pandemic Impacts","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Rupee; Exchange rate; Economics; Liberian dollar; Foreign exchange market; Index (typography); Monetary economics; Government (linguistics); Financial economics; Finance","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.08098102085947435,"gpt":0.2947085551974749,"spread":0.2137275343380006,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0085755,0.0003295011,0.001030077,0.0003210689,0.0001680838,0.00007109044,0.0007151319,0.00009603208,0.001333719],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005091399,0.0003210462,0.0002217722,0.0007287296,0.00007675749,0.000295961,0.0002522485,0.0004475318,0.0001086706],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001936391,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003809725,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003167411,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001456414,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9965542,0.000555978,0.001447917,0.000780033,0.0001700467,0.0004918332],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9945316,0.003242248,0.001088714,0.000978954,0.00001791679,0.0001405211],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002458564,0.0009240519,0.8108754,0.004820701,0.0006272967,0.00007386692,0.01327864,0.0003838775,0.001018521,0.02324775,0.04009741,0.1021939],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006454187,0.002434391,0.4687204,0.005447535,0.0002799843,0.0002469056,0.007017224,0.007312706,0.00008219216,0.04170784,0.4574395,0.002857156],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5745191,0.3784899,0.00005030639,0.01272776,0.0003394875,0.003762854,0.002458328,0.00004938537,0.02760285],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9106137,0.08608059,0.00002228509,0.002572399,0.00009398159,0.0003462641,0.00001156331,0.00003387066,0.0002253647],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4173421,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999242,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2071269296","doi":"10.1111/1468-0106.00148","title":"Currency Substitution Between the Hong Kong Dollar and the Renminbi in South China","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Pacific Economic Review","topic":"Global Financial Crisis and Policies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Renminbi; Liberian dollar; Currency; China; Currency substitution; Reserve currency; Exchange rate; East Asia; Us dollar; Economics; Business; International economics; Devaluation; Monetary economics; Geography; Finance","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03913608257977134,"gpt":0.2307245123588601,"spread":0.1915884297790887,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001562659,0.000187383,0.0006961208,0.00006554388,0.0001915329,0.00009988733,0.0003067628,0.00006358201,0.0003201411],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001342966,0.0001277738,0.0001691563,0.0001812337,0.0002238794,0.0001657926,0.00006459533,0.0002035211,0.001197352],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007897305,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007991383,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002366408,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003337236,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983998,0.00007042739,0.0008828039,0.0003356303,0.00002270087,0.0002886281],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989756,0.00008881183,0.0004115517,0.0004678235,0.000006913294,0.00004929685],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005927968,0.00002141161,0.2048183,0.0004407862,0.00004475016,0.000001254145,0.003023409,0.00001764872,7.944004e-8,0.7618751,0.01360546,0.01614588],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008499283,0.0000218257,0.1280815,0.0005136814,0.0000410571,0.000007188681,0.0001392324,0.0004918817,0.000001236036,0.02283507,0.8466209,0.0003965019],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.181917,0.6982423,0.00005284792,0.009811322,0.0006337083,0.001034164,0.0002398417,0.00002563265,0.1080432],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7990429,0.2002252,0.00001054147,0.000243323,0.0001723483,0.00003985807,0.000006580269,0.000009493384,0.0002497372],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8330154,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995803,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2065395386","doi":"10.1111/j.1468-0106.2005.00264.x","title":"FINANCIAL LIBERALIZATION AND ECONOMIC GROWTH: A THEORETICAL ANALYSIS OF THE TRANSFORMING CHINESE ECONOMY","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Pacific Economic Review","topic":"Economic theories and models","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Financial repression; Liberalization; Commodity; Dual (grammatical number); Economics; Transaction cost; Portfolio; State (computer science); Database transaction; Bond market; Financial market; Financial system; Monetary economics; Business; Finance; Market economy; Interest rate","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009962949356279576,"gpt":0.217374653757076,"spread":0.2074117044007965,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00109555,0.0002942182,0.001317335,0.0002426797,0.0001269221,0.00006284293,0.0003994486,0.000120356,0.001991627],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006824128,0.0002597403,0.0006187325,0.0001985483,0.0002917731,0.0004706483,0.00008994542,0.0001440956,0.000220128],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002432832,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006454979,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001020349,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000147972,"domain_scores_codex":[0.997425,0.00004320762,0.001600947,0.0005979784,0.00001504975,0.0003178171],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984251,0.0001211048,0.0007326938,0.0006106964,0.00001674859,0.00009361756],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008045661,0.00001894523,0.03040855,0.0002128961,0.0002589439,9.857013e-8,0.0002431004,0.0004369635,8.790105e-7,0.9663669,0.0003715508,0.001673139],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001675123,0.00009547164,0.01687646,0.0005802274,0.00117237,0.00002862307,0.00009796086,0.06294643,0.0001011512,0.6742192,0.2405824,0.001624563],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6882949,0.1066562,0.003010997,0.01109672,0.001088688,0.001941338,0.001197118,0.00008088477,0.1866331],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9510213,0.04751261,0.0001802454,0.0006973684,0.0001739239,0.00006112213,0.00003041348,0.00003076708,0.0002922364],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2921477,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999855,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3125752835","doi":"10.1111/1468-0106.12243","title":"Disentangling managerial incentives from a dynamic perspective: The role of stock grants","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Pacific Economic Review","topic":"Corporate Finance and Governance","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Incentive; Stock (firearms); Shareholder; Economics; Stock price; Microeconomics; Profit (economics); Investment (military); Business; Finance; Corporate governance","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01399359390414633,"gpt":0.2454511257693132,"spread":0.2314575318651668,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002533556,0.00014975,0.0003622648,0.00002388622,0.0002852618,0.000186976,0.0005913531,0.00002467424,0.0002211386],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006584793,0.0001133745,0.0001531294,0.00003893753,0.0001201348,0.0007955658,0.0001668678,0.00007909528,0.0003877951],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006183152,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001929464,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001083477,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004480487,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999158,0.00001103376,0.0003080208,0.0002924459,0.00007199207,0.0001584859],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981903,0.0000253538,0.001025588,0.0007110184,0.00004106068,0.000006617507],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001921088,0.0001776087,0.6269979,0.00222308,0.0003561196,0.00002175217,0.0003406584,0.00002527625,0.0002736499,0.09442495,0.007830729,0.2671361],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001082361,0.00001010766,0.394908,0.004460489,0.0003797033,0.000001479716,0.001392046,0.005342584,0.00003314952,0.04854487,0.5431945,0.0006507985],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7557024,0.1263234,0.0000647208,0.004286895,0.001965884,0.001498851,0.0002356649,0.0000620264,0.1098601],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.976566,0.02258358,0.00001224896,0.0001372257,0.0004414164,0.00002705881,0.00001187974,0.00001622024,0.0002043376],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5353637,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4984451,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4247591484","doi":"10.1111/1468-0106.12188","title":"Issue information","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"paratext","venue":"Pacific Economic Review","topic":"Diverse Scientific and Economic Studies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of California, Davis; University of California, Santa Barbara; McGill University; University of Notre Dame; University of Oklahoma; Monash University; City University of Hong Kong; National Taiwan University; University of Minnesota; Lehigh University; Princeton University; Academia Sinica; George Washington University; Universiteit van Tilburg; Vanderbilt University; University of Cincinnati; Tsinghua University; University of Southern California; Ohio State University; London School of Economics and Political Science; Emory University; Clemson University","keywords":"Economics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04881258823761139,"gpt":0.2561667068700004,"spread":0.207354118632389,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.001405865,0.0005503373,0.002188728,0.000313805,0.0003934753,0.0005766785,0.001178019,0.0003094898,0.302744],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001312285,0.0006329591,0.0006012242,0.00005183979,0.0001731051,0.001288152,0.000310057,0.0003481441,0.9673805],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004907946,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001078983,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002053958,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005254044,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9965117,0.00002082521,0.002002549,0.0008671016,0.00003563474,0.0005621872],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9949061,0.00004014167,0.00303539,0.00181439,0.00003809901,0.0001658452],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002149178,0.000009339413,0.0000162033,0.002023045,0.0001641563,5.01139e-7,0.00008894195,0.000007852985,9.189152e-9,0.005656448,0.9875829,0.004448438],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002327887,0.00001456454,0.00000820748,0.001264877,0.00003570177,0.000004554401,0.00006289733,0.00004945992,6.277185e-7,0.0004741694,0.9971727,0.0006794755],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.00000105093,0.2131923,0.00002994221,0.0008143604,0.03108343,0.0006333112,0.005250653,0.00002689573,0.7489681],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0000302368,0.371242,0.00005161191,0.00053236,0.0005786582,0.0001130161,0.0006228435,0.00002887363,0.6268004],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6646364,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996122,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4415094723","doi":"10.1111/1468-0106.70003","title":"Consumption externalities, habit formation, and optimal dynamic non‐linear income taxation under asymmetric information","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Pacific Economic Review","topic":"Fiscal Policy and Economic Growth","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Cape Breton University","funders":"","keywords":"Consumption (sociology); Externality; Subsidy; Marginal utility; Capital income; Capital (architecture); Information asymmetry; Habit","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02036061276029844,"gpt":0.24982444356356,"spread":0.2294638308032616,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009880183,0.0002380513,0.0006445398,0.0005782045,0.000158743,0.0001465435,0.0002037289,0.0001301178,0.0002110039],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001017041,0.0002799713,0.0001358982,0.0001931669,0.0000842201,0.001838006,0.00008406811,0.0001689179,0.002713206],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005094892,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003840237,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009381962,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001450126,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977866,0.00002908318,0.00153775,0.0003288149,0.000023103,0.000294668],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983116,0.00008728382,0.00110615,0.0003816015,0.00002506265,0.00008830841],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004502551,0.00006618068,0.05763321,0.0102122,0.0002613973,7.087255e-7,0.0005180778,0.0007826617,0.000003134533,0.8831608,0.01356231,0.03375424],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003533028,0.0001755403,0.2702879,0.003211103,0.0001481059,0.0000682758,0.0004709297,0.1659529,0.00004759061,0.1807991,0.3734672,0.001838315],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3636531,0.1625259,0.1223457,0.0104095,0.003153652,0.003901405,0.001395059,0.000306098,0.3323096],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9486457,0.04736779,0.0007677887,0.001739803,0.00006808144,0.0001368764,0.0002517279,0.0000191124,0.001003162],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7023618,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999653,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2791078986","doi":"10.1111/1468-0106.12258","title":"Born like China, growing like China","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Pacific Economic Review","topic":"Intergenerational Family Dynamics and Caregiving","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Sichuan University; Simon Fraser University; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Economics; China; Population; Government (linguistics); Monetary economics; Labour economics; Market economy","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01320793120811427,"gpt":0.2820076110768254,"spread":0.2687996798687111,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.001215398,0.0001467426,0.0002946456,0.00004220174,0.0006393803,0.0001226343,0.0002725708,0.00006526172,0.001576046],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005147426,0.0001435566,0.0001880702,0.0000953752,0.0001615712,0.0003484475,0.00005406687,0.0001096693,0.001355275],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002441329,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001819811,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005472678,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007661626,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998695,0.0001519439,0.0003754999,0.0003307158,0.0001238057,0.000323013],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993744,0.0000330339,0.0001479959,0.0002843607,0.0000443119,0.0001158938],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000908125,0.00006455882,0.002383625,0.0009446221,0.0001500168,0.00001355682,0.009853132,0.00002558591,0.0001630926,0.5868556,0.3255841,0.07395308],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005888766,0.00002571583,0.0008175262,0.0006141128,0.00003546131,0.000004569791,0.0004759882,0.0005118875,0.000004140948,0.001534083,0.9956785,0.0002391211],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.05292057,0.04193238,0.0003539355,0.006440781,0.00766157,0.0006624954,0.00003109904,0.0001268792,0.8898703],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8745173,0.1049973,0.0003590512,0.00261419,0.002590259,0.00005296683,0.00003579055,0.00003389774,0.01479932],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.875071,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994223,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4401590513","doi":"10.1111/1468-0106.12452","title":"Food safety, voluntary recall and firm reputation","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Pacific Economic Review","topic":"Food Safety and Hygiene","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; Jilin Office of Philosophy and Social Science; Zhejiang University; National Social Science Fund of China; National Office for Philosophy and Social Sciences; Fudan University; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Reputation; Recall; Turnover; Economics; Business; Microeconomics; Public economics; Psychology; Political science; Management; Cognitive psychology; Law","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02137762207701607,"gpt":0.2277180544800224,"spread":0.2063404324030063,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004331856,0.00009963145,0.000199398,0.000006474435,0.00008007784,0.0000568357,0.00008431164,0.00003526816,0.001104215],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001280909,0.00004016569,0.00008402892,0.00007731175,0.00003027669,0.0001467317,0.00003616689,0.00007586405,0.000466183],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000355868,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008197586,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003572495,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001284616,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991954,0.00005308577,0.0002850976,0.0002995762,0.00003557329,0.0001312542],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999713,0.000124194,0.00004140341,0.00005333248,0.000007394217,0.00006066686],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009111211,0.000007341404,0.000120325,0.0005306418,0.00002401223,0.000003266599,0.00003170195,0.000001022887,0.0001558694,0.002227764,0.01077419,0.9861147],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000285635,0.0002551885,0.004221854,0.0008617917,0.00002500588,0.00002994013,0.00004458068,0.0001445805,0.00001323996,0.001335032,0.9929072,0.0001330813],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.135379,0.7806726,0.000007762164,0.04460072,0.0008494461,0.0007370783,0.0002270423,0.0002346877,0.0372917],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6732895,0.3249035,0.0000690394,0.0006204256,0.0002363925,0.00002366973,0.0001396068,0.000001460445,0.0007162812],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9859817,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998089,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2010325280","doi":"10.1111/1468-0106.00026","title":"Horizontal Mergers in a Liberalizing World Economy","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Pacific Economic Review","topic":"Global trade and economics","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Liberalization; Imperfect competition; Economies of scale; Economic welfare; Profit (economics); Welfare; Economics; Small open economy; International economics; Open economy; Competition (biology); Market economy; International trade; Business; Economy; Monetary economics; Microeconomics; Monetary policy","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.08240462376716919,"gpt":0.2246075929295524,"spread":0.1422029691623832,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007872314,0.0003478536,0.001208056,0.0003795589,0.00007386562,0.0001136861,0.0004419667,0.00009518624,0.009594996],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000298485,0.0004437673,0.0003703888,0.0002541596,0.00006292196,0.0006772187,0.00006708419,0.0002621137,0.02217099],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006150085,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001379908,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001734948,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001889704,"domain_scores_codex":[0.996762,0.00002939354,0.001736979,0.0008187483,0.0000144882,0.000638383],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985561,0.0000563495,0.0005430076,0.0006434158,0.000006537214,0.0001945497],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000117828,0.0002533906,0.08444381,0.001547113,0.000222412,0.00003479381,0.0005408222,0.0002020249,0.00000204581,0.660906,0.2372569,0.01457885],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004942719,0.00002731352,0.0005657931,0.0003702256,0.00001005469,0.00001270613,0.00004338521,0.002593336,0.000004362292,0.01495882,0.9803333,0.0005863882],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.00881651,0.1805571,0.00001733616,0.00423089,0.0008782687,0.0005807024,0.00009007825,0.00006842156,0.8047608],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7453765,0.241157,0.0006741651,0.003143237,0.0003869527,0.0002630457,0.00004860459,0.0001085303,0.008842031],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7959187,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998014,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2038961729","doi":"10.1111/j.1468-0106.2004.00234.x","title":"Effect of restricting asset trade in dynamic equilibrium models","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Pacific Economic Review","topic":"Monetary Policy and Economic Impact","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Economics; Econometrics; Bond; Business cycle; Asset (computer security); General equilibrium theory; Productivity; Complete market; Point estimation; Point (geometry); Sensitivity (control systems); Work (physics); Microeconomics; Macroeconomics; Mathematics; Computer science; Statistics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05280071020534726,"gpt":0.2684876585010454,"spread":0.2156869482956981,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002316261,0.0003125798,0.001473256,0.0003073659,0.00003357572,0.0000313439,0.0003692888,0.0001281422,0.0002788524],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001009006,0.0003479793,0.0003464807,0.000167164,0.00006320702,0.0005852368,0.00005460796,0.0002406715,0.0007855235],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005305297,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003708379,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005504366,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002955842,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9969857,0.00007062186,0.001812167,0.0005966227,0.00002130039,0.0005136417],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982369,0.00017027,0.0008038059,0.000662505,0.000001955622,0.0001245582],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004218803,0.0006963394,0.07183456,0.03197538,0.0009633037,0.00007632463,0.002781,0.5281128,0.0002052053,0.308998,0.0072196,0.04671563],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.02035419,0.003779603,0.01938873,0.016085,0.0003562687,0.0004032843,0.0002528618,0.4911839,0.001650674,0.3847668,0.05495432,0.006824316],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7809986,0.1651774,0.0002272286,0.002100104,0.0005983468,0.001262375,0.0003707937,0.00005511296,0.04920997],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9514769,0.04791938,0.000175835,0.000153465,0.00005004908,0.00005209127,0.00004286633,0.00003986682,0.00008955185],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1704782,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999925,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3162388378","doi":"10.1111/1468-0106.12360","title":"Financial conditions, local competition, and local market leaders: The case of real estate developers","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"Pacific Economic Review","topic":"Housing Market and Economics","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Taiwan University; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science; Ministry of Technology, Innovation and Citizens' Services; Osaka University","keywords":"Competitor analysis; Real estate; Profitability index; Business; Market share; Market liquidity; Competition (biology); Pace; Finance; Industrial organization; Economics; Marketing","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03790031256877812,"gpt":0.2524102385855511,"spread":0.2145099260167729,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002184114,0.0004828937,0.001777372,0.0001645391,0.0002212744,0.0001687826,0.0003969706,0.0003263061,0.001983277],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001198069,0.0005110237,0.0004026081,0.0001055527,0.0009615442,0.0002053037,0.000430767,0.0006009233,0.0002125796],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004520291,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004233333,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001648406,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00125438,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9963163,0.0001525767,0.002082932,0.0009981068,0.00002400182,0.0004261343],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9973193,0.0002443636,0.001273186,0.0009683219,0.0000620794,0.000132709],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001628933,0.0004433121,0.0110411,0.04463967,0.001685727,0.001293613,0.006761548,0.003338555,0.000001256355,0.1881882,0.1271265,0.6153176],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002788796,0.0002024441,0.005318413,0.01348377,0.000777896,0.004688803,0.02055423,0.04010854,0.00002598191,0.04000142,0.8666874,0.005362298],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.1819805,0.0978877,0.008696863,0.005652044,0.00463764,0.003050832,0.003908342,0.0001373612,0.6940487],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.4428848,0.5556923,0.0003768539,0.0002615445,0.0001248136,0.0001137283,0.0002997525,0.00005222304,0.0001939488],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7395609,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997342,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402522268","doi":"10.1111/1468-0106.12455","title":"Consumption externalities, habit formation and optimal dynamic non‐linear income taxation under asymmetric information","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Pacific Economic Review","topic":"Fiscal Policy and Economic Growth","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Cape Breton University","funders":"","keywords":"Economics; Externality; Consumption (sociology); Microeconomics; Habit; Information asymmetry; Nonlinear system; Econometrics; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0266375624532466,"gpt":0.2524711204985455,"spread":0.2258335580452989,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001081081,0.00024589,0.0005529183,0.0005396471,0.000111596,0.000280765,0.000156959,0.0001285066,0.000329387],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005549186,0.0002766373,0.0001562032,0.0001673582,0.00007051231,0.002817212,0.00006228322,0.0002006565,0.007707637],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005431921,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003104216,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007699473,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009357905,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979019,0.00002591541,0.001379329,0.0003653699,0.00002929725,0.0002981954],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987991,0.00009077805,0.0006810429,0.0003043142,0.00001441688,0.0001102818],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003846659,0.00005414635,0.01233199,0.02325274,0.0003352341,0.000003803948,0.001395388,0.0009675885,0.000007790195,0.8615636,0.01253659,0.0875127],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001290936,0.0002074969,0.04926727,0.003579151,0.0001181061,0.0002119208,0.0002981992,0.4988351,0.00003017354,0.09401662,0.3505321,0.001612981],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3822229,0.3633852,0.09131855,0.007283359,0.004379176,0.00330913,0.002037296,0.0005536761,0.1455108],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9365739,0.06128897,0.0005366839,0.000554388,0.0001417362,0.0001071621,0.0003027639,0.00002989425,0.0004645137],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.767547,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999686,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2117655289","doi":"10.1111/j.1468-0106.2004.00237.x","title":"Non‐tariff barriers to trade in the pacific rim","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Pacific Economic Review","topic":"Global trade and economics","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Tariff; Market access; Business; Transparency (behavior); International trade; Revenue; International economics; Government (linguistics); Economics; Geography; Finance; Political science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04637127865203479,"gpt":0.2312404208802654,"spread":0.1848691422282306,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.001683936,0.0003504253,0.0009889239,0.0002003548,0.0001426554,0.0001478352,0.0008594063,0.000129816,0.0009640123],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009237605,0.0003412173,0.00034347,0.0002998004,0.00007229883,0.000326371,0.00005331004,0.0003140348,0.01024221],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000584029,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001020908,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002659373,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001251785,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9970406,0.00002877288,0.001453269,0.0007950767,0.00003110428,0.0006511587],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982669,0.00004906736,0.0003489162,0.0009894334,0.000004774914,0.0003409176],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004655077,0.0003094465,0.07508247,0.001717217,0.0002465928,0.0000625804,0.007262591,0.003520504,0.000009318971,0.7935661,0.11099,0.007186588],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007989464,0.00009190254,0.009231821,0.0004399855,0.00001833411,0.00004193713,0.001213061,0.00007928733,0.00001155937,0.02760274,0.9597899,0.0006805478],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1341531,0.09518977,0.0002600213,0.07368028,0.002613563,0.003946133,0.0006438228,0.0001157447,0.6893976],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9467475,0.04558364,0.0003082158,0.006662824,0.0001757966,0.0002303059,0.00003202894,0.00004571032,0.0002139841],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8487998,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999492,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2104439729","doi":"10.1111/1468-0106.00152","title":"Taxes, Risk Aversion, and the Size of the Underground Economy","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Pacific Economic Review","topic":"Taxation and Compliance Studies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Economics; Econometrics; Sign (mathematics); Parametric statistics; Regression analysis; Time series; Empirical research; Economy; Macroeconomics; Statistics; Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02988101365925377,"gpt":0.2010240386962353,"spread":0.1711430250369815,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007005771,0.0001342811,0.0005501756,0.00002310233,0.0002171532,0.00003832741,0.0002796529,0.00003160044,0.001909678],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000195325,0.00008989167,0.0002097364,0.00007961359,0.0003026936,0.0001194015,0.00009862047,0.0001164179,0.001014709],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006151107,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006847712,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009057326,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002382149,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998812,0.00005877564,0.0006955191,0.0002741539,0.00001356452,0.0001460082],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981801,0.0002632236,0.0009902803,0.0005201613,0.0000135782,0.00003263808],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009612891,0.00003823958,0.0620007,0.0006625297,0.0002432502,1.862255e-7,0.0005624698,0.00001747587,1.43853e-7,0.8077928,0.1218717,0.00680087],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007244326,0.0000101612,0.008574768,0.0001673575,0.00003153611,0.000005043823,0.0001946492,0.0003920427,0.000001302001,0.06037896,0.9293595,0.0001602225],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.004044415,0.4346745,0.00008792164,0.01579889,0.0005715187,0.0008057347,0.0001576475,0.00001765345,0.5438417],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.653499,0.3400347,0.00004157159,0.0007995809,0.00004690142,0.00004383452,6.75905e-7,0.000009788131,0.005523912],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8074878,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997631,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2080890382","doi":"10.1111/j.1468-0106.2009.00432.x","title":"2007 JNU CONFERENCE ON INSTITUTIONS","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Pacific Economic Review","topic":"Japanese History and Culture","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Centre for International Governance Innovation","funders":"","keywords":"Political science; Operations research; Library science; Computer science; Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0864006109082533,"gpt":0.3405541001459665,"spread":0.2541534892377132,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004475397,0.00008537903,0.0002000655,0.00001817615,0.0003827586,0.00003128997,0.0001900525,0.00005590716,0.003441863],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004837005,0.00007580751,0.00008427469,0.00005871239,0.0001311864,0.0001453832,0.000004226411,0.0001061717,0.005078095],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001805978,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002263689,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003543258,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001124285,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992997,0.00009925046,0.0001870571,0.0001851515,0.00006163284,0.0001671758],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995824,0.00001523066,0.00007561342,0.0002017431,0.00002133016,0.0001037138],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000158714,0.00002609756,0.00001597354,0.00004313364,0.000004205678,0.000001822463,0.001372247,0.000001826836,0.00000368209,0.8579786,0.1141398,0.02641102],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003948613,0.00001708435,0.00005689558,0.0003723656,0.00001100323,0.000001301582,0.0003463016,8.254321e-7,9.39578e-7,0.003565557,0.995488,0.0001002409],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.0003817611,0.02187058,0.000008964839,0.006515707,0.0005269792,0.0002556512,0.000006977453,0.0000526943,0.9703807],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7147509,0.2316854,0.0001210151,0.00669936,0.0007527967,0.00004179621,0.00002482468,0.000007713448,0.04591613],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9244645,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9974691,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}