{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":24,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":24,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"83b14ef85a78","filters":{"venue":"Performance Enhancement & Health"}},"results":[{"id":"W2790136216","doi":"10.1016/j.peh.2018.01.001","title":"Doping prevalence among Danish elite athletes","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Performance Enhancement & Health","topic":"Doping in Sports","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":54,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"World Anti-Doping Agency; Anti Doping Danmark","keywords":"Danish; Confidence interval; Athletes; Elite athletes; Demography; Medicine; Elite; German; Physical therapy; Internal medicine; Geography; Sociology","authors":[{"name":"Anne‐Marie Elbe","is_ca":false},{"name":"Werner Pitsch","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02716059055254388,"gpt":0.3378184131795499,"spread":0.310657822627006,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007596228,0.0001286736,0.0002916118,0.001365332,0.0005486408,0.0007254142,0.0002207741,0.0003504067,0.001340725],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001498729,0.0002047311,0.0002818523,0.000839222,0.0002632694,0.0001981445,0.0004777423,0.0001564386,0.0002159194],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004756491,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005841152,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0439994,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.04756785,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991528,0.0001393492,0.0001652922,0.0001824448,0.0002412786,0.0001188066],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990879,0.0001667221,0.0003632256,0.00003948814,0.0001969946,0.0001455673],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006487759,0.00002610258,0.99545,0.00005195456,0.00003126961,0.00009433524,0.0005897887,0.00002593217,0.000416892,0.00002190825,0.0001049047,0.003122116],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000001643512,0.00004697676,0.9984859,0.00001507088,0.0000154705,0.0001562467,0.000825347,0.00002804295,0.00006145774,0.00000551852,0.0003554667,0.000002933943],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9983753,0.0003022481,0.00003914846,0.00001354361,0.000005050675,0.000004781568,0.000365545,0.000001324193,0.0008930577],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989048,0.0003381072,0.00005043226,0.00001122323,0.000002635091,0.000006318192,0.0003179821,7.366086e-7,0.0003677527],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0439994,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.08748662,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4309417899","doi":"10.1016/j.peh.2022.100241","title":"Anabolic-androgenic steroid use: Patterns of use among a national sample of Canadian adolescents and young adults","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Performance Enhancement & Health","topic":"Hormonal and reproductive studies","field":"Medicine","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Western University; University of Toronto","funders":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; National Institutes of Health; Connaught Fund","keywords":"Mental health; Steroid use; Medicine; Young adult; Psychology; Intervention (counseling); Clinical psychology; Psychiatry; Gerontology; Internal medicine","authors":[{"name":"Kyle T. Ganson","is_ca":true},{"name":"Laura Hallward","is_ca":true},{"name":"Mitchell L. Cunningham","is_ca":false},{"name":"Stuart B. Murray","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jason M. Nagata","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03032561386095272,"gpt":0.2730219752998918,"spread":0.2426963614389391,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005470862,0.0003694112,0.0004345027,0.002294418,0.002814031,0.001491732,0.001106538,0.0007310887,0.002218913],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001345331,0.0004917898,0.0006275647,0.005376129,0.0005624247,0.000555713,0.0007193544,0.0007270575,0.0003126236],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00943995,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01101245,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9824201,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9908682,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993406,0.00004798625,0.00005999048,0.0001091216,0.0002307044,0.0002114857],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998968,0.00005931459,0.0002125422,0.00002492411,0.0004682443,0.0002669896],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003117058,0.00004781424,0.9963122,0.0000205057,0.00002986337,0.0000407726,0.001386637,0.00001417192,0.0001374347,0.00003805088,0.0002847767,0.0016566],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002303131,0.00001530394,0.9969097,0.00001444938,0.00001133849,0.00004221474,0.002589307,0.00003526592,0.00002369313,0.00000564709,0.0003463501,0.000004505221],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9953251,0.0006132957,0.00003711292,0.0001521315,0.000006035508,0.0000352012,0.002365164,0.000004346547,0.001461705],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.996868,0.0007225826,0.0001415557,0.0001419897,0.000004387553,0.00002474278,0.00126138,0.000003681651,0.0008316264],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01757991,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06849194,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2148152093","doi":"10.1016/j.peh.2012.03.002","title":"Athletes’ perceptions of performance enhancing substance user and non-user prototypes","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Performance Enhancement & Health","topic":"Doping in Sports","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"World Anti-Doping Agency","keywords":"Athletes; Perception; Psychology; Applied psychology; Reliability (semiconductor); Risk perception; Medicine; Physical therapy; Power (physics)","authors":[{"name":"L. Whitaker","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jonathan Long","is_ca":false},{"name":"Andrea Petróczi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Susan H. Backhouse","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0206286224346951,"gpt":0.3184346042560884,"spread":0.2978059818213933,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004025393,0.0003454461,0.0003300137,0.0009902325,0.001454834,0.003583691,0.0004515432,0.001155266,0.003633705],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01425755,0.0003266412,0.0004798344,0.0002790731,0.001646449,0.001313325,0.002388836,0.001092875,0.0003111814],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005845618,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007806843,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003894345,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004135517,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9973921,0.001288303,0.0001868901,0.0001261139,0.0006921393,0.000314493],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.989984,0.004548702,0.00173689,0.0004421306,0.00146675,0.001821483],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.003275984,0.008481279,0.6244243,0.0005408754,0.0002983676,0.001009853,0.2762557,0.000341636,0.01982778,0.002749562,0.001142395,0.06165225],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002860672,0.008041333,0.6734709,0.0002261643,0.00033753,0.001176325,0.3026409,0.001506885,0.00411085,0.0007039998,0.007348905,0.0001502353],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9977319,0.00002539931,0.0000741802,0.00006674579,0.000007141937,0.0000196509,0.000005220391,0.000003224313,0.002066505],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983388,0.00005930154,0.0002734536,0.00007129132,0.000006536175,0.00001886754,0.00001590055,0.000003942192,0.001211833],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.004025393,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02128857,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2186931488","doi":"10.1016/j.peh.2015.08.001","title":"The complexities of anti-doping violations: A case study of sanctioned cases in all performance levels of USA cycling","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Performance Enhancement & Health","topic":"Doping in Sports","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Institute on Drug Abuse; World Anti-Doping Agency","keywords":"Cheating; Agency (philosophy); Athletes; Amateur; Sanctions; Typology; Field (mathematics); Diversity (politics); Psychology; Public relations; Political science; Law and economics; Social psychology; Law; Sociology; Medicine; Social science; Physical therapy","authors":[{"name":"April Henning","is_ca":false},{"name":"Paul Dimeo","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1432288061834995,"gpt":0.4057219695313727,"spread":0.2624931633478732,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004917353,0.0003037378,0.0003045767,0.002458961,0.01657293,0.004579097,0.002083203,0.00446549,0.002888133],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02432795,0.0007143489,0.0004080276,0.002793442,0.00474517,0.003059258,0.005553147,0.003945253,0.0001905942],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.005225958,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.009453585,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.07888254,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.2018672,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9922563,0.003490397,0.000408787,0.0005248119,0.001276505,0.002043146],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9802125,0.01156405,0.003905325,0.0007031854,0.001838036,0.001776841],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002066759,0.001687083,0.4475532,0.0002338642,0.00008793839,0.05214227,0.4157854,0.001122932,0.001187194,0.03227406,0.006015413,0.04170405],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001763347,0.0002399038,0.1773291,0.0005661607,0.00006849464,0.0146326,0.7846744,0.001873577,0.0005649892,0.003884466,0.01605937,0.0000892286],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9897867,0.0001923186,0.0003002865,0.001293509,0.00001445277,0.00006754033,0.00003240887,0.000004428754,0.008308218],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980556,0.0002130038,0.0002891557,0.0003774324,0.000008588015,0.00003398068,0.00002473642,0.000004891825,0.0009927598],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.07888254,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1568468,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386509633","doi":"10.1016/j.peh.2023.100255","title":"Assessing Canadian regulation of muscle-building supplements: Identifying gaps and recommendations for improvement to protect the health and well-being of young people","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Performance Enhancement & Health","topic":"Muscle metabolism and nutrition","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; National Institutes of Health; University of Toronto","keywords":"Product (mathematics); Business; Purchasing; Environmental health; Public economics; Marketing; Medicine; Economics","authors":[{"name":"Kyle T. Ganson","is_ca":true},{"name":"Eliana Sinicropi","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jason M. Nagata","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02160605394677741,"gpt":0.3294016361965167,"spread":0.3077955822497393,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.02328907,0.0006765521,0.0013661,0.004005797,0.005147644,0.004520256,0.003554181,0.001167612,0.003234398],"category_scores_gemma":[0.03902754,0.0004973628,0.001051074,0.008513859,0.0009761508,0.001562247,0.002155048,0.001565278,0.000347267],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.09039408,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.2494283,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9936321,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9959607,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9854842,0.00181874,0.001234772,0.0007469758,0.009163073,0.001552133],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9417568,0.00403343,0.003358755,0.0006683646,0.04720763,0.002975017],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008812704,0.0008236438,0.6715084,0.005373629,0.0007718226,0.0001741074,0.01050143,0.001096339,0.001230731,0.005866811,0.04609037,0.2556814],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001118536,0.0002244733,0.9243768,0.003233604,0.0006277661,0.00006165479,0.01030363,0.001556512,0.001052799,0.0006712236,0.05764627,0.0001333369],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7085307,0.05464952,0.008186416,0.07296005,0.001244738,0.002637641,0.03767241,0.00049578,0.1136227],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9265891,0.02068632,0.02767994,0.007830037,0.00007957291,0.001079543,0.007533625,0.00007620604,0.008445688],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.09039408,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.655858,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2946261849","doi":"10.1016/j.peh.2019.02.001","title":"Knowledge and perceptions of doping practices and anti-doping education among elite North American female triathletes","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Performance Enhancement & Health","topic":"Doping in Sports","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"World Anti-Doping Agency","keywords":"Thematic analysis; Agency (philosophy); Athletes; Perception; Medicine; Psychology; Medical education; Qualitative research; Sociology; Physical therapy; Social science","authors":[{"name":"Matthew A. Masucci","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ted M. Butryn","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jay Johnson","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02494292626845679,"gpt":0.371640468995237,"spread":0.3466975427267802,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001082197,0.0002812591,0.0004666416,0.001042705,0.00204479,0.001937103,0.0003974595,0.001210141,0.004300192],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003062275,0.0004399819,0.0003952691,0.0007898107,0.0007834947,0.001006484,0.000874244,0.001598979,0.0006537034],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007606021,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009715762,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.04159341,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.06371906,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993095,0.0001457684,0.0000615268,0.00007851452,0.0002071366,0.0001975164],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9969291,0.000722751,0.0008944654,0.0000717293,0.0004747548,0.000907178],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001164863,0.001834661,0.9806615,0.0000405928,0.00005642619,0.0001857902,0.01241068,0.00003023991,0.0004694527,0.00006193335,0.0002844126,0.003847802],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001243357,0.0003547246,0.9711339,0.00003862932,0.00002815443,0.0001066876,0.02762124,0.0001232956,0.00006802896,0.00004403956,0.000458357,0.00001060326],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9988768,0.00003764484,0.00001135752,0.000101317,0.000005715378,0.000007697008,0.00002592543,5.471455e-7,0.0009331078],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99801,0.0001081815,0.00003371334,0.0002114784,0.00001068971,0.00001439701,0.0000613908,0.00000104155,0.00154918],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04159341,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.08270258,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2920891766","doi":"10.1016/j.peh.2018.12.001","title":"An alternative approach to understanding doping behavior: A pilot study applying the Q-method to doping research","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Performance Enhancement & Health","topic":"Doping in Sports","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Tiroler Wissenschaftsförderung; World Anti-Doping Agency","keywords":"Athletes; Psychology; Doping; Likert scale; Applied psychology; Social psychology; Medicine; Physical therapy; Developmental psychology; Condensed matter physics","authors":[{"name":"Katharina Gatterer","is_ca":false},{"name":"Martin Niedermeier","is_ca":false},{"name":"Bernhard Streicher","is_ca":false},{"name":"Martin Kopp","is_ca":false},{"name":"Wolfgang Schobersberger","is_ca":false},{"name":"Cornelia Blank","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.3140740147205198,"gpt":0.502019518315119,"spread":0.1879455035945993,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.008784123,0.0005793107,0.000665775,0.001177968,0.001881792,0.001640341,0.001322629,0.00107114,0.007423006],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01804002,0.0004241133,0.0007025807,0.001069149,0.001532594,0.002371553,0.0015893,0.001541343,0.001009682],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007744413,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004425658,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01122169,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01420688,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9934628,0.004635172,0.0002999917,0.0006645738,0.0007327238,0.0002047427],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.978502,0.013926,0.001177219,0.001818651,0.00361479,0.0009613126],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.004452419,0.07180589,0.2917031,0.002450139,0.0002637107,0.0006973123,0.1119524,0.001649012,0.05609062,0.01983051,0.005036755,0.4340682],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004966598,0.08187748,0.6344104,0.001080476,0.0009786657,0.001176475,0.1273609,0.04007854,0.0277637,0.04036934,0.03934608,0.0005912929],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8835489,0.0001251505,0.09215227,0.001210006,0.0002639969,0.00713473,0.0004320423,0.0001629036,0.01496997],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8664291,0.0001968378,0.1180091,0.0006424336,0.00003952244,0.007856015,0.0001614651,0.00004299947,0.006622545],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01122169,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0464555,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3157344063","doi":"10.1016/j.peh.2021.100190","title":"Fighting and doping: Professional mixed martial artists experience and exposure to performance-enhancing substances and supplements","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Performance Enhancement & Health","topic":"Doping in Sports","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Humanities Research Group, University of Windsor","keywords":"Martial arts; Mainstream; Psychology; Performance enhancement; Medicine; Political science; Visual arts; Art","authors":[{"name":"Jules Woolf","is_ca":false},{"name":"Hyun‐Seo Yoon","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kaushik Perkari","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02382809672385876,"gpt":0.337179907819022,"spread":0.3133518110951632,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005150415,0.0002475893,0.0003188575,0.00064645,0.002481963,0.002186971,0.0003295951,0.001143752,0.003895287],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001522033,0.0003672669,0.0003065922,0.0004183773,0.0005470662,0.000764441,0.001620002,0.001174502,0.0004587076],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004697212,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006548017,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01147317,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.03490134,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996,0.00007755561,0.00002035242,0.00004661952,0.00009339971,0.0001620605],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987564,0.0001828437,0.0003003322,0.00002443446,0.000116255,0.0006197546],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004008233,0.002013739,0.8770226,0.00006160574,0.00007548734,0.001696605,0.09837115,0.000026968,0.002914077,0.000146596,0.0007776063,0.01649275],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001033691,0.0004686142,0.8550307,0.00002252184,0.00002810807,0.001056006,0.1413618,0.00006741065,0.0001872727,0.00005759948,0.001688262,0.00002142724],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9990492,0.00007069336,0.000009005995,0.0001069953,0.000008270059,0.000002887832,0.00001310598,9.130923e-7,0.0007388988],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979304,0.0001866804,0.00003232935,0.0001030693,0.00001493405,0.000005639513,0.00003143338,0.000001446078,0.001694068],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01147317,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02281278,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4411924962","doi":"10.1016/j.peh.2025.100357","title":"Social network exposure and sociodemographic factors associated with intentions to use anabolic-androgenic steroids","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Performance Enhancement & Health","topic":"Hormonal and reproductive studies","field":"Medicine","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Anabolism; Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids; Psychology; Medicine; Endocrinology","authors":[{"name":"Kyle T. Ganson","is_ca":true},{"name":"Alexander Testa","is_ca":false},{"name":"Timothy Piatkowski","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jason M. Nagata","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03862764380051675,"gpt":0.3127199857300526,"spread":0.2740923419295358,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000484588,0.0001721894,0.0001847312,0.0006923183,0.0005985204,0.0007144814,0.000233348,0.0002888052,0.005491069],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002993011,0.0001593948,0.0003230011,0.0005494155,0.0002983118,0.0004221099,0.0004196367,0.0005757298,0.0002573465],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002702186,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005041725,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01960877,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02703595,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995357,0.0001312204,0.00003923341,0.00006743037,0.0001311168,0.00009538434],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9975519,0.0005049778,0.001156394,0.00006201434,0.0002025522,0.0005222696],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001283569,0.00005853533,0.998325,0.000008328197,0.00002292292,0.00003020515,0.0002261317,0.00001737262,0.00004777054,0.00002816839,0.00004682585,0.001175839],"study_design_scores_gemma":[9.398383e-7,0.00003391724,0.9989771,0.000008047058,0.000008710685,0.00005072776,0.0006665876,0.00007317717,0.00001823221,0.00001800498,0.0001431749,0.000001552456],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9981759,0.0001679671,0.00005233916,0.0001094268,0.000005779193,0.0000121538,0.0001827246,0.000002175983,0.001291515],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992717,0.0001145088,0.0000597966,0.0000218335,0.000008624612,0.00001031757,0.0001200825,0.000001110846,0.0003921259],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01960877,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03898925,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2177378179","doi":"10.1016/j.peh.2015.11.001","title":"Use of medicines and dietary supplements among Bridge players in two world-class tournaments","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Performance Enhancement & Health","topic":"Doping in Sports","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"World Anti-Doping Agency","keywords":"Athletes; Medicine; Bridge (graph theory); World class; Physical therapy; Surgery; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"Bruno Federico","is_ca":false},{"name":"Paolo Walter Gabriele","is_ca":false},{"name":"Giovanni Capelli","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05370047954972704,"gpt":0.3707480142404529,"spread":0.3170475346907259,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003472505,0.0003436096,0.0004583819,0.0009458201,0.001218476,0.001157108,0.0003440523,0.00142312,0.001434454],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001096953,0.0004160695,0.0005278194,0.0007578683,0.0003300388,0.0004787286,0.0006215255,0.0009532479,0.0002281129],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006563985,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004042623,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02840451,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0588889,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999604,0.00008701854,0.00004106969,0.00006240435,0.00008539879,0.000120029],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992404,0.0001269881,0.0002477664,0.00002043607,0.0001027818,0.000261675],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008805413,0.001450173,0.989808,0.00003214858,0.000137255,0.000457841,0.00166275,0.00003338428,0.00113132,0.00002206728,0.0001161797,0.004268223],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001834663,0.0006605202,0.9965426,0.000009448423,0.00005394324,0.0001411406,0.002080014,0.000121603,0.0001267129,0.0000107114,0.0002239729,0.00001099178],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9994966,0.00004914045,0.000007709825,0.00002667672,0.000004247188,0.000008070562,0.0000526794,8.534913e-7,0.0003540247],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987593,0.00008204301,0.00003182899,0.00005770086,0.000005964167,0.000009697967,0.0001265018,0.000001028246,0.000925925],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02840451,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05647832,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404631628","doi":"10.1016/j.peh.2024.100309","title":"Athletes from Great Britain report greater doping likelihood than Greek and Italian athletes: A cross-sectional survey of over 4,000 athletes","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Performance Enhancement & Health","topic":"Doping in Sports","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"International Olympic Committee; World Anti-Doping Agency","keywords":"Athletes; Cross-sectional study; Physical therapy; Medicine; Psychology","authors":[{"name":"Philip Hurst","is_ca":false},{"name":"Maria Kavussanu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mariya A. Yukhymenko–Lescroart","is_ca":false},{"name":"Vassilis Barkoukis","is_ca":false},{"name":"Fabio Lucidi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Enrico Rubaltelli","is_ca":false},{"name":"Antonis Hatzigeorgiadis","is_ca":false},{"name":"Christopher Ring","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04250209245664262,"gpt":0.3453663305539109,"spread":0.3028642380972683,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005907104,0.0001991522,0.0002835131,0.0005934451,0.0004202223,0.000664599,0.0002564151,0.0005945521,0.001486284],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001394695,0.0003161909,0.0002346207,0.0008406066,0.0003829488,0.0004256303,0.0005262212,0.0004318457,0.0005231809],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002708386,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002171492,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02003548,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.03715546,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995764,0.0001199121,0.00005722363,0.00007673912,0.0001116323,0.00005814645],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987072,0.0001419779,0.0006100588,0.00007313138,0.0001916705,0.0002760181],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000245363,0.00003887529,0.9982844,0.00001458183,0.00002716819,0.00004933182,0.0005359143,0.000008849137,0.000158162,0.000005750226,0.0001657155,0.0006866403],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000001441967,0.00002089933,0.9995412,0.00000486884,0.00000445467,0.00005878616,0.0002477176,0.000009980507,0.00000756998,0.000001361521,0.0001007036,0.000001083601],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9989787,0.00008667125,0.00001788787,0.00004272059,0.000003173739,0.000007149491,0.0001577163,0.000001967502,0.0007038844],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989393,0.0001617005,0.00005925262,0.00008142163,0.000005503064,0.00001487069,0.000296275,0.000001808329,0.0004397735],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02003548,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03983772,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4220783021","doi":"10.1016/j.peh.2022.100220","title":"“A reward for surviving the day”: Women professionals’ substance use to enhance performance","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Performance Enhancement & Health","topic":"Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes","field":"Medicine","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Context (archaeology); Mood; Psychology; Substance use; Mental health; Psychiatry; Clinical psychology; Medicine","authors":[{"name":"Niki Kiepek","is_ca":true},{"name":"Brenda L. Beagan","is_ca":true},{"name":"Christine Ausman","is_ca":true},{"name":"San Patten","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04179773426534439,"gpt":0.3384771528094617,"spread":0.2966794185441173,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002966098,0.0002315627,0.0002362684,0.0003159823,0.00479063,0.002600281,0.0005051649,0.001446043,0.005802257],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008889717,0.0002053712,0.0003397982,0.0003012929,0.002475307,0.001512104,0.00371377,0.002877773,0.0006898061],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001851779,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.008463639,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006058633,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.03039363,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981105,0.00110444,0.00004880162,0.00007255559,0.000262171,0.0004015348],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9951035,0.001105867,0.0004690811,0.0002124781,0.0003793091,0.002729734],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008201685,0.005309261,0.08233374,0.0006749241,0.0001875243,0.0006875489,0.04421215,0.0003221722,0.003561218,0.02837081,0.1096079,0.7239126],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008982269,0.003910081,0.5246022,0.002485273,0.0005822734,0.001275673,0.1180967,0.001718648,0.004510873,0.03838979,0.3032764,0.0002538784],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6736675,0.003439191,0.003369942,0.2356055,0.003197289,0.0001757501,0.00006769015,0.0001712557,0.08030587],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.974865,0.001414685,0.003404692,0.0100205,0.0004039173,0.00008898621,0.00002762649,0.00003987041,0.009734672],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.006058633,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01941043,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4413974443","doi":"10.1016/j.peh.2025.100376","title":"Beyond scapegoats: Doping and the myth of the level playing field","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Performance Enhancement & Health","topic":"Doping in Sports","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Mythology; Field (mathematics); Art; Literature; Mathematics","authors":[{"name":"John Nauright","is_ca":false},{"name":"Lizzy Ratcliff","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sarah Zipp","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02557486111702724,"gpt":0.3320849716703783,"spread":0.306510110553351,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002544426,0.0004273474,0.0006192845,0.001122171,0.00329486,0.006729067,0.001236078,0.006962008,0.007147579],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005150626,0.0002143684,0.0004059275,0.0006064799,0.02513375,0.006360713,0.003288933,0.006829807,0.0009890109],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001538795,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003850347,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007214793,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009697229,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983943,0.0006766159,0.0000549116,0.0002330692,0.00036872,0.0002724388],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9975156,0.001373803,0.0001988628,0.0001268143,0.0003330503,0.0004519776],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004201761,0.000396662,0.01019012,0.001144263,0.00008494532,0.00198243,0.04015287,0.0004347817,0.002440511,0.4734079,0.1948057,0.2745396],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006195896,0.0002231679,0.00669602,0.00358775,0.00003706006,0.003360135,0.05242144,0.0004067613,0.000435422,0.3041934,0.6284789,0.00009788538],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.02495063,0.2325523,0.002146067,0.6460764,0.01246702,0.00001706634,0.00007635506,0.00004623909,0.08166797],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6037408,0.1732314,0.002517455,0.1657057,0.0204184,0.0000800291,0.00005923863,0.00009297742,0.0341541],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.007214793,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02391106,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4393338744","doi":"10.1016/j.peh.2024.100279","title":"Reframing the problem of the harms associated with muscle-building dietary supplements use","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Performance Enhancement & Health","topic":"Muscle metabolism and nutrition","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Cognitive reframing; Medicine; Environmental health; Psychology; Social psychology","authors":[{"name":"Kyle T. Ganson","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01854423109935206,"gpt":0.2747399614925969,"spread":0.2561957303932448,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.02766859,0.0007232378,0.001420369,0.001383522,0.005462307,0.007745471,0.00240603,0.02117639,0.005110668],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0682547,0.0006039649,0.001295561,0.0006557329,0.01447148,0.01334127,0.009055474,0.03082728,0.00159627],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003270177,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.008033229,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009665523,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02699804,"domain_scores_codex":[0.982252,0.01081148,0.001073607,0.001016043,0.004031015,0.0008157557],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9317733,0.0517709,0.003705051,0.002108306,0.007324985,0.003317337],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000467988,0.0007672372,0.01230506,0.003679025,0.0007198857,0.006273918,0.0506274,0.0009909036,0.004938093,0.1089709,0.3369678,0.4732918],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001312046,0.0004788682,0.005721532,0.006449403,0.0002640896,0.004620507,0.04420787,0.0007585569,0.001130569,0.1395084,0.7964976,0.0002313703],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"commentary","genre_scores_codex":[0.007468306,0.01467644,0.003701694,0.959984,0.004821765,0.00002332667,0.00003109397,0.00007302747,0.009220324],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.1597453,0.04377488,0.01436265,0.7495831,0.02059619,0.0001285509,0.00004189873,0.0002381104,0.01152921],"genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":"commentary","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02766859,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1463273,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4413449967","doi":"10.1016/j.peh.2025.100356","title":"Clenbuterol and the cost of cutting: A brief report comparing self-reported side effects of clenbuterol consumption to anabolic-androgenic steroid compounds","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Performance Enhancement & Health","topic":"Pharmacological Effects and Assays","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Clenbuterol; Anabolism; Steroid; Consumption (sociology); Chemistry; Endocrinology; Internal medicine; Medicine; Hormone; Art","authors":[{"name":"Benjamin Bonenti","is_ca":false},{"name":"Cheneal Puljević","is_ca":false},{"name":"Vigorous Steve","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jason Ferris","is_ca":false},{"name":"Emma Davies","is_ca":false},{"name":"Monica J. Barratt","is_ca":false},{"name":"Adam Winstock","is_ca":false},{"name":"Etienne Grobler","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kyle T. Ganson","is_ca":true},{"name":"Lauren E. Ball","is_ca":false},{"name":"Timothy Piatkowski","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01980378773518872,"gpt":0.2937449384486502,"spread":0.2739411507134615,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008926629,0.0001830368,0.0002940014,0.0007585326,0.0002477107,0.0004218039,0.0001938234,0.0003780729,0.001650904],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005058031,0.0001653416,0.000726119,0.000750687,0.0001427669,0.0003522601,0.0003010159,0.0004656825,0.0001543469],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003925339,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002242151,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002851963,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005648244,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992786,0.0002970528,0.0001104381,0.00007002363,0.000203817,0.00004004491],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9945865,0.001733961,0.002952044,0.0001207546,0.0003768971,0.0002298863],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004300222,0.0001937489,0.9828028,0.0001729918,0.0002233846,0.0001148701,0.000163557,0.00005851029,0.0003626372,0.00001572955,0.0001624765,0.01529927],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009921092,0.0003824291,0.9985504,0.00002482712,0.00009060784,0.0003208913,0.0001464802,0.00009076404,0.00008916253,0.000009215876,0.0002812494,0.000003917625],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9954185,0.003014224,0.00008929554,0.0001304534,0.000008746646,0.00004809646,0.0004070939,0.000003171949,0.0008803162],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9960782,0.002605103,0.0003527542,0.00009320201,0.00003379183,0.00003321794,0.0003634426,0.000002073122,0.0004382062],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002851963,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005670726,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386391631","doi":"10.1016/j.peh.2023.100261","title":"Doping knowledge, attitude, and experience of pharmacists in Kenya","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Performance Enhancement & Health","topic":"Doping in Sports","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"World Anti-Doping Agency","keywords":"Agency (philosophy); Medicine; Athletes; Pharmacist; Family medicine; Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids; Psychology; Pharmacy; Physical therapy; Internal medicine","authors":[{"name":"J. Rotich","is_ca":false},{"name":"Elijah G. Rintaugu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Edna K. Thangu","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05878684321274836,"gpt":0.420622692457758,"spread":0.3618358492450097,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006138611,0.0001424824,0.0002795697,0.0004846457,0.001983658,0.0009172086,0.0002416403,0.0007251854,0.003488331],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002083086,0.0003310314,0.0002427542,0.0005779986,0.0005523307,0.0006896451,0.000635936,0.0009429717,0.0003733015],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00100038,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002178853,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.04433021,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.08887221,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995013,0.0001230884,0.00003805462,0.00004619031,0.0001136102,0.0001776274],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987618,0.0002575579,0.000389426,0.00001305423,0.0001594579,0.000418716],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001364002,0.0007750365,0.9745089,0.0001140272,0.00002746689,0.0006472344,0.01580233,0.00002108942,0.0005592156,0.0001286397,0.0005147976,0.006764861],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000209042,0.0005250488,0.9503868,0.0001425592,0.00003061056,0.0006789539,0.04619441,0.00009898548,0.0001148706,0.00004679762,0.001738224,0.00002181601],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9983937,0.0001280239,0.000007203386,0.0002384954,0.000004494127,0.000008834683,0.00003826473,3.713844e-7,0.001180596],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988166,0.000321882,0.00003575008,0.000179104,0.000004546864,0.000008506416,0.00002723058,5.510466e-7,0.0006058131],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04433021,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.08814436,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408236737","doi":"10.1016/j.peh.2025.100333","title":"Making the cut: Investigating body image and well-being among female powerlifters","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Performance Enhancement & Health","topic":"Eating Disorders and Behaviors","field":"Psychology","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; Brock University","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council; Brock University","keywords":"Psychology; Medicine; Anatomy","authors":[{"name":"Isabella L. Tremonte","is_ca":true},{"name":"Diane E. Mack","is_ca":true},{"name":"Philip M. Wilson","is_ca":true},{"name":"Catherine M. Sabiston","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02054283644278043,"gpt":0.3500462805837621,"spread":0.3295034441409817,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006071893,0.0002458587,0.0002424027,0.0003186733,0.0005564261,0.000432821,0.0002480148,0.0004918909,0.001890416],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001488022,0.0002135823,0.0002487736,0.0001592357,0.0002127831,0.0004016408,0.0004169573,0.0004833823,0.0003867412],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002116215,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002622513,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003435951,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008152481,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998327,0.00004085655,0.000008655631,0.00004485041,0.00003379503,0.00003894483],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995251,0.00007092061,0.0001812372,0.00003367574,0.00008361758,0.0001054181],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004817269,0.00175859,0.9695438,0.00005551947,0.00004564913,0.0001774178,0.003374516,0.00007176385,0.004212674,0.0000357487,0.0003059698,0.01993668],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008287369,0.0009735785,0.9963723,0.0000103952,0.00001069352,0.00008185623,0.001958176,0.00009386841,0.000224739,0.00001300081,0.0002492395,0.000003880473],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9997309,0.00003231314,0.00004712041,0.00002326203,0.000002577077,0.00001534188,0.00003052061,7.998615e-7,0.000117179],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984162,0.00006681323,0.0002896754,0.0000707327,0.00001110279,0.0001000831,0.000139637,0.000001187033,0.0009045767],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003435951,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006831884,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4405043145","doi":"10.1016/j.peh.2024.100317","title":"Decoding unintentional doping: A complex systems analysis of supplement use in sport","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Performance Enhancement & Health","topic":"Doping in Sports","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"World Anti-Doping Agency","keywords":"Decoding methods; Computer science; Psychology; Telecommunications","authors":[{"name":"Scott McLean","is_ca":false},{"name":"Matthew Morrison","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mitchell Naughton","is_ca":false},{"name":"Paul M. Salmon","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.09000697048599678,"gpt":0.3912255275580171,"spread":0.3012185570720204,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004533891,0.0006340998,0.0005503063,0.003457152,0.001473208,0.003390996,0.0007000333,0.000642166,0.002510682],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01372941,0.0003379406,0.001103316,0.003103988,0.00126371,0.002200772,0.002477306,0.0009206947,0.0001915195],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00360135,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004035944,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.05648011,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.05585126,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9970181,0.001505797,0.0001952848,0.0004263745,0.0006591988,0.0001953694],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9867703,0.009268014,0.00159567,0.000458474,0.001520976,0.0003865499],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002280543,0.0003701301,0.7218082,0.001680971,0.0007260537,0.001503785,0.04478185,0.08100194,0.00454914,0.02384485,0.003366074,0.116139],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001981643,0.000444551,0.4859466,0.0006170173,0.0003190949,0.0004370837,0.05359524,0.4080481,0.001826143,0.03334254,0.01524465,0.0001592033],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9071189,0.0004340057,0.07789461,0.001830136,0.00004572254,0.0008071687,0.001432029,0.0001286431,0.01030876],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9627225,0.0002418276,0.03503877,0.00007135885,0.00001353323,0.0001943905,0.0006037538,0.00002088337,0.00109304],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05648011,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1123027,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406596740","doi":"10.1016/j.peh.2025.100319","title":"A qualitative exploration of family physicians and people who use anabolic steroids: Barriers to accessing evidence-based care","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Performance Enhancement & Health","topic":"Hormonal and reproductive studies","field":"Medicine","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Alberta Children's Hospital; University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Anabolism; Qualitative research; Real world evidence; Medicine; Psychology; Sociology; Internal medicine","authors":[{"name":"Jason Kreutz","is_ca":true},{"name":"Michael Potemkin","is_ca":true},{"name":"Harshil Shah","is_ca":true},{"name":"David Lam","is_ca":true},{"name":"Parth Patel","is_ca":true},{"name":"Patricia K. Doyle–Baker","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1014492237054931,"gpt":0.4175919644239345,"spread":0.3161427407184414,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.03729467,0.000526389,0.001190359,0.002195402,0.01739541,0.007317892,0.002759699,0.003958993,0.005161073],"category_scores_gemma":[0.07410773,0.001127619,0.0006839699,0.002397303,0.011196,0.008176178,0.009105958,0.006914851,0.0002325114],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01151451,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.02416569,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03548149,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.05925569,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9703797,0.02266912,0.001152328,0.0008456027,0.001627965,0.003325446],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.8577304,0.12228,0.005663534,0.00114439,0.004984905,0.008196861],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003087334,0.00004874636,0.002982953,0.0002333846,0.000007297252,0.000340672,0.9929201,0.00001478532,0.000094574,0.0009388816,0.0003979008,0.001989931],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006038836,0.00001705303,0.0006058071,0.0002754068,0.000003906733,0.00007971252,0.9963318,0.0000200427,0.00003389702,0.000224463,0.00239555,0.000006381696],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9626895,0.002361893,0.002620324,0.0226989,0.0002675198,0.0006242262,0.0003179647,0.00001913661,0.008400558],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9890126,0.001492635,0.001570836,0.00555246,0.00004375635,0.0005474277,0.00006656533,0.00002328481,0.001690481],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03729467,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1972354,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416190131","doi":"10.1016/j.peh.2025.100397","title":"Self-compassion, depressive symptoms, and well-being: A cross-sectional exploration across athlete status and gender","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Performance Enhancement & Health","topic":"Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions","field":"Psychology","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Háskólinn á Akureyri","keywords":"Athletes; Mental health; Depressive symptoms; Depression (economics); Physical activity","authors":[{"name":"Fríða Rún Einarsdóttir","is_ca":false},{"name":"Nanna Ýr Arnardóttir","is_ca":false},{"name":"Hafrún Kristjánsdóttir","is_ca":false},{"name":"Johanna Belz","is_ca":false},{"name":"Göran Kenttä","is_ca":true},{"name":"Mitchell Andersson","is_ca":false},{"name":"Richard E. Tahtinen","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03312031175833945,"gpt":0.3799999776854163,"spread":0.3468796659270768,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001647205,0.0002540503,0.0004870851,0.0009712572,0.0007642469,0.0007154779,0.0003512043,0.0005879981,0.001552461],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001926034,0.0005824543,0.0007413716,0.0007187233,0.0004126608,0.0007958349,0.0008729263,0.0006452436,0.0003018613],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002181844,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003314764,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002552354,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005091208,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994496,0.0001691344,0.00006099207,0.0001302834,0.0001045299,0.0000855868],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987538,0.0002910706,0.0004146083,0.0001025301,0.0001828732,0.0002552095],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005629078,0.0001212688,0.9978881,0.00001863949,0.00006867776,0.00002720124,0.0004924802,0.00001558281,0.0001289421,0.0000235873,0.00004747873,0.001111743],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000332521,0.0002305987,0.9985684,0.00001528459,0.00003621617,0.0001458463,0.0007163936,0.0000700505,0.00003441412,0.00002219044,0.0001541382,0.000003175444],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.999091,0.0003058994,0.00008307768,0.0000253609,0.000005669051,0.00002094112,0.0001682087,0.000001639788,0.0002981463],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990377,0.0001905267,0.0002203655,0.00004598135,0.000009231321,0.00005527242,0.0002376814,0.000001695795,0.0002015384],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002552354,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008711338,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4320922156","doi":"10.1016/j.peh.2023.100244","title":"High price: Hiding in the drug-use closet betray us all","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Performance Enhancement & Health","topic":"Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis","field":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Columbia College","funders":"","keywords":"Closet; Advertising; Internet privacy; Business; Public relations; Computer science; Political science; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"Carl L. Hart","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1065688938263548,"gpt":0.4319674192347232,"spread":0.3253985254083684,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002409212,0.0004635376,0.0005724366,0.0005254551,0.01274041,0.00643591,0.0008803126,0.009586367,0.07590678],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01577248,0.0003849864,0.0006080064,0.000561166,0.005904611,0.007438987,0.005458058,0.0153282,0.02404497],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002619704,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0044946,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01797091,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02616565,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9971102,0.000684942,0.0001033521,0.0002542279,0.001187704,0.0006596345],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9916306,0.001645392,0.0006328517,0.0007862897,0.001702683,0.003602016],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009970566,0.0001208337,0.003724567,0.00002708881,0.00002869519,0.0006739176,0.002108042,0.00004124331,0.0006985438,0.02140573,0.9147667,0.05630507],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001847453,0.00007743209,0.003812981,0.0001195008,0.00001932934,0.001227414,0.007132664,0.0001285856,0.0004076229,0.01152014,0.9754843,0.00005160397],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.01411852,0.003039587,0.001278919,0.8454441,0.00951845,0.00002077219,0.0001487317,0.0004400316,0.125991],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.1150244,0.002277665,0.00112881,0.6512576,0.005235118,0.0000263778,0.0001149821,0.000503823,0.2244311],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07590678,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2539335,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386503128","doi":"10.1016/j.peh.2023.100260","title":"Special considerations for muscle-building supplements policies in Canada: Social media and online markets, vulnerable populations, and social and commercial determinants of health","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Performance Enhancement & Health","topic":"Pharmaceutical industry and healthcare","field":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"National Institutes of Health","keywords":"Social media; Business; Social determinants of health; Public relations; Political science; Economic growth; Economics; Health care","authors":[{"name":"Kyle T. Ganson","is_ca":true},{"name":"Eliana Sinicropi","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jason M. Nagata","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.5214266950808921,"gpt":0.5487491807599456,"spread":0.02732248567905349,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002750737,0.000180505,0.0003824129,0.001325383,0.006275719,0.005602979,0.001768973,0.002912563,0.01114339],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01041135,0.000276105,0.0007234921,0.00206596,0.002242699,0.002105538,0.001557242,0.003027679,0.0002272924],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.03215114,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.1459338,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9828767,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9949265,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9972518,0.0003769023,0.0001133516,0.0001140419,0.0007346673,0.001409305],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9869432,0.002711095,0.001250053,0.0001409586,0.002385457,0.006569272],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005975473,0.0008514512,0.6953019,0.0006085349,0.0002649512,0.001315968,0.01616839,0.00101645,0.001236665,0.04355414,0.1111682,0.1279158],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009634835,0.0001710461,0.8256712,0.001451999,0.0001947837,0.0002539838,0.07010474,0.001624877,0.0006285014,0.007248074,0.09238634,0.0001681297],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"commentary","genre_scores_codex":[0.5262093,0.007288277,0.0005647886,0.4174865,0.0004825183,0.0001993707,0.003691672,0.00006542474,0.04401209],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9575442,0.003251228,0.001074343,0.03000442,0.0001978113,0.00008509072,0.0004332226,0.00002739927,0.007382333],"genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03215114,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2332739,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386512937","doi":"10.1016/j.peh.2023.100258","title":"Canadian regulators, take note: Muscle-building supplements are predatory products that worsen health inequities","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Performance Enhancement & Health","topic":"Consumer Attitudes and Food Labeling","field":"Medicine","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Institute of Population and Public Health; Maternal and Child Health Bureau; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Health Resources and Services Administration","keywords":"Public economics; Business; Natural resource economics; Ecology; Economics; Biology","authors":[{"name":"S. Bryn Austin","is_ca":false},{"name":"Amanda Raffoul","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04731608266903661,"gpt":0.3243281006010953,"spread":0.2770120179320587,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005293902,0.001090597,0.001257509,0.001792619,0.01536247,0.009354387,0.004332395,0.06263153,0.01745687],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02749865,0.000857224,0.002805927,0.002093509,0.005180349,0.002397284,0.001834296,0.03536018,0.00482084],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.02894449,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.1415657,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9191406,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9676632,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9879735,0.000541475,0.0004616982,0.001067218,0.007724739,0.002231373],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.968771,0.005624162,0.001025903,0.0006915782,0.0190761,0.004811256],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002363799,0.00003090073,0.0006345178,0.00004345856,0.00002600313,0.0001034526,0.0001454458,0.00004511259,0.0001538123,0.002802209,0.9898735,0.00611793],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001075714,0.00004251786,0.004745063,0.0003405024,0.000185925,0.00007693491,0.001033627,0.0002213712,0.0006016382,0.002080113,0.9904469,0.0001178943],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"commentary","genre_scores_codex":[0.001385348,0.002283806,0.0002338201,0.9502533,0.01572035,0.00008322282,0.0007672426,0.0001553679,0.02911748],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.007826753,0.00228822,0.0007710048,0.9109414,0.003588549,0.00007520475,0.0001873154,0.00006288711,0.07425873],"genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":"commentary","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08085942,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2100079,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2518703285","doi":"10.1016/j.peh.2015.06.023","title":"A critique of current anti-doping education from the perspective of university student athletes","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Performance Enhancement & Health","topic":"Diverse Approaches in Healthcare and Education Studies","field":"Medicine","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"St. Francis Xavier University; University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Anaerobic exercise; Cycling; Cadence; Incremental exercise; Respiratory exchange ratio; Blood lactate; VO2 max; Heart rate; Medicine; Treadmill; Physical therapy; Reliability (semiconductor); Athletes; Respiratory minute volume; Ventilation (architecture); Internal medicine; Physical medicine and rehabilitation; Respiratory system; Blood pressure","authors":[{"name":"Sarah Teetzel","is_ca":true},{"name":"Charlene Weaving","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0628168456941033,"gpt":0.3901746125139474,"spread":0.3273577668198441,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.03168786,0.0008528738,0.001433807,0.00323988,0.0141131,0.01640634,0.004794946,0.02655927,0.004436178],"category_scores_gemma":[0.04782525,0.0005966713,0.001142342,0.00206827,0.04188335,0.008019277,0.008831701,0.04066905,0.001396272],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01453661,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.03091266,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03407913,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.05989734,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9660163,0.01603943,0.001697969,0.004473926,0.009325326,0.002447095],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9196981,0.05541368,0.002528022,0.001690302,0.01361231,0.007057621],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007510534,0.0002342399,0.002342888,0.0005919948,0.00005565128,0.000313735,0.04829625,0.0002751773,0.0003037261,0.6443896,0.2460651,0.05705663],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001237663,0.0001810173,0.005034013,0.003640067,0.0000998487,0.0005446921,0.0434147,0.0006561124,0.0006764669,0.1712924,0.7742187,0.0001182435],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.003346517,0.006245751,0.001537454,0.9638861,0.004088259,0.00001229141,0.00002255905,0.00002630016,0.02083484],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.2222453,0.008135644,0.002979427,0.7372686,0.01225789,0.0001566676,0.00003400874,0.0001415198,0.01678102],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03407913,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1675834,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}