{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":24,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":2,"predictions_cover":24,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"8b71ebff9328","filters":{"venue":"Philosophy and medicine"}},"results":[{"id":"W65005751","doi":"10.1007/978-94-010-0536-4_18","title":"Focusing on Lived Experience: The Evolution of Clinical Method in Western Medicine","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Philosophy and medicine","topic":"Mental Health and Psychiatry","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Epistemology; Meaning (existential); Realism; Metaphysics; Relation (database); Western medicine; Psychology; Alternative medicine; Medicine; Philosophy; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Ian R. McWhinney","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2836674771163361,"gpt":0.4363318647277306,"spread":0.1526643876113944,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001029178,0.0002541589,0.0007589894,0.0001906993,0.0001816011,0.000003980164,0.0001411853,0.0001646862,0.001659356],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005443782,0.0001404581,0.0000691902,0.00001896687,0.001157123,0.00004090615,0.00002893914,0.0005602207,0.00001100847],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003790655,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005024644,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008898696,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004447682,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980303,0.00009582846,0.001014795,0.000318425,0.0003597028,0.0001809335],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986159,0.0004665289,0.0004436436,0.0002756127,0.00005857477,0.0001397266],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003322006,0.00004109893,0.000357393,0.0002493369,0.00002572933,0.0000107007,0.02588826,1.315374e-7,8.965565e-7,0.9599721,0.0009309085,0.01219123],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002207686,0.002094844,0.0004391484,0.005494799,0.0001196078,0.00001557106,0.003926211,0.0000119821,5.199016e-7,0.4575388,0.5279372,0.0002136164],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.001410033,0.008739201,0.00002457886,0.01572164,0.002323655,0.0003999113,0.00001063659,0.00001527396,0.9713551],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7787798,0.006832762,0.00005628845,0.0105162,0.03658569,0.00003424807,0.00006397898,0.00007706352,0.167054],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8043011,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9992533,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4387197566","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-40379-8_19","title":"Community Research Ethics Oversight: Place, Experience, and Expertise","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Philosophy and medicine","topic":"Ethics in Clinical Research","field":"Medicine","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Viewpoints; Corporate governance; Research ethics; Public relations; Political science; Downtown; Community engagement; Engineering ethics; Sociology; Public administration; Geography; Business; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"Alize E. Gunay","is_ca":true},{"name":"Phoebe Friesen","is_ca":true},{"name":"Emily Doerksen","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.8821562531446462,"gpt":0.6373845176325501,"spread":0.2447717355120961,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.01538367,0.0004309668,0.001074816,0.0007270479,0.001250648,0.0000274189,0.0003875292,0.002238016,0.0004434696],"category_scores_gemma":[0.03200764,0.0003340706,0.00009786469,0.0001951082,0.007777209,0.00007439512,0.001079129,0.02822261,0.0001059994],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001375959,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005462825,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000340926,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001326236,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9941185,0.0005728747,0.0007441838,0.0007670916,0.003219682,0.0005777461],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.971049,0.02553357,0.0001368682,0.001231848,0.00109806,0.0009506339],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007191474,0.00007936107,0.00009811689,0.002751901,0.0001686059,0.0005048123,0.02334049,4.275426e-8,0.0001022728,0.9612309,0.008540221,0.002464101],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002301601,0.002386349,0.0002350375,0.009927575,0.0001220085,0.00009081214,0.001502706,0.00002048842,0.00002305917,0.8917552,0.09131625,0.0003189333],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.001277995,0.005037318,0.000006095833,0.09827599,0.0003931327,0.0008197993,0.00003182835,0.0001340066,0.8940238],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.1451521,0.09274119,0.00009172905,0.00531455,0.002688773,0.00006982846,0.0001138377,0.0001866067,0.7536414],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1438741,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999111,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4313446028","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-12692-5_2","title":"The Ethics of Medical Research","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Philosophy and medicine","topic":"Zygmunt Bauman's Sociology","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Medical research; Research ethics; Order (exchange); Medical ethics; Public relations; Psychology; Engineering ethics; Political science; Epistemology; Medicine; Law; Business; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"David Novák","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.4729972663148821,"gpt":0.5221251925617606,"spread":0.04912792624687845,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01780655,0.0001392478,0.0004038053,0.0001556536,0.001200916,0.000008187428,0.0006710344,0.001279614,0.0004977336],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008377686,0.00008830504,0.00005896968,0.00009582077,0.01336445,0.00002183077,0.0002416914,0.00287578,0.0000729784],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004731464,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006938599,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001525218,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001733991,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9954333,0.0005724313,0.0003717415,0.0002755128,0.002989225,0.0003577304],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9890759,0.00983943,0.000141087,0.0002947772,0.0004016008,0.0002472199],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001239946,0.000003440508,0.000005266182,0.00006098814,0.00004367203,0.00002247276,0.01400245,9.530043e-9,6.255615e-7,0.9722344,0.01010099,0.003513292],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001172155,0.00008684384,0.000008373657,0.0003800628,0.00001601025,9.936696e-7,0.0008546163,6.709744e-7,1.398423e-7,0.5634508,0.4350389,0.00004541937],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.000009980449,0.004214063,0.000001364699,0.3360664,0.0006641385,0.0001722428,0.000004677916,0.00003088706,0.6588362],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.05342695,0.2209598,0.00001050692,0.0020464,0.01408397,0.00002941618,0.00002823795,0.00008353763,0.7093312],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4249379,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999751,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2738853340","doi":"10.1007/978-3-319-55766-3_28","title":"A Catholic Approach to Withholding Medically Provided Food and Water","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Philosophy and medicine","topic":"Theology and Philosophy of Evil","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"St. Michael's Hospital; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Solidarity; Variety (cybernetics); Law and economics; Risk analysis (engineering); Business; Political science; Law; Economics; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Joseph Boyle","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07653536365882295,"gpt":0.2460223719282684,"spread":0.1694870082694455,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004037468,0.0005053011,0.0008322879,0.0002445052,0.0007966751,0.00006458351,0.0002865575,0.0002849165,0.0005700414],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006485925,0.000312819,0.00007181695,0.000003240668,0.001891422,0.0001326541,0.0001936967,0.0005756279,0.00004714824],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001258018,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002747286,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000359886,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004254629,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983503,0.00002373545,0.0003783971,0.0006243566,0.0002937098,0.0003295233],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988031,0.00007183869,0.0001649613,0.0004848373,0.00009585176,0.0003794057],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009788137,0.00002198536,0.000001307518,0.0003394829,0.0001666067,0.00001995942,0.02813556,3.258347e-8,0.00001305633,0.9675792,0.001383513,0.00224142],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006018774,0.000647964,0.000002700305,0.0005864481,0.0002014311,0.00005333509,0.00004214974,0.000001010119,0.000004038664,0.5442393,0.4533346,0.0002851242],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.0003360856,0.003761773,0.000007636303,0.0267277,0.0005341992,0.0005536282,0.00005077922,0.00007190053,0.9679563],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7525225,0.0004808238,0.00007356214,0.005146377,0.01059922,0.00005745017,0.0001191329,0.00008994951,0.2309109],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7521865,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999324,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W125195565","doi":"10.1007/978-94-017-0419-9_5","title":"Confucian Personhood and Bioethics","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Philosophy and medicine","topic":"Ethics and Legal Issues in Pediatric Healthcare","field":"Medicine","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Personhood; Bioethics; Abortion; Normative; Collectivism; Morality; Environmental ethics; Sociology; Political science; Epistemology; Human rights; Philosophy; Law; Individualism","authors":[{"name":"Po-Keung Ip","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.139100842514909,"gpt":0.3753250414677456,"spread":0.2362241989528366,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006254688,0.0004440879,0.0009768849,0.0002529839,0.0001782967,0.000010487,0.0000619012,0.00106458,0.0003623235],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002829423,0.0003458318,0.00007559241,0.0000438503,0.001543784,0.0000336469,0.00004977749,0.002161738,0.00001647077],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004070066,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001722441,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008147988,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001038768,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981174,0.00003076552,0.0004682809,0.0005847064,0.0005189681,0.0002799146],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982787,0.0002300933,0.0001799196,0.0003822301,0.0002567912,0.0006722301],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006383601,0.00001569233,0.0001132522,0.002048194,0.0001204846,0.0002832264,0.001836646,5.272624e-9,0.000004191912,0.9869367,0.003652626,0.004925102],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001588956,0.001276468,0.00003705223,0.002111433,0.0006658605,0.0004065146,0.0001840887,0.000003045566,0.000002501388,0.2851376,0.708263,0.0003233969],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.00004278727,0.07200615,0.000006821825,0.1526942,0.0004429138,0.0004287677,0.00003407346,0.00004679768,0.7742975],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.1668648,0.2438437,0.0007542047,0.0942837,0.01479047,0.00002474222,0.0003512228,0.0003151878,0.478772],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7046104,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998994,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W189147364","doi":"10.1007/978-90-481-9190-1_12","title":"The Philosopher as Ethicist, The Ethicist as Storyteller","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Philosophy and medicine","topic":"Mental Health and Psychiatry","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Charm (quantum number); Pet therapy; Bioethics; Art; Sociology; Animal welfare; Law; Political science; Biology; Ecology; Physics; Particle physics","authors":[{"name":"Arthur W. Frank","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07115529635452891,"gpt":0.2983067708028118,"spread":0.2271514744482829,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.001030911,0.0005248322,0.0004987644,0.00008386676,0.003070805,0.00007651024,0.000465804,0.0004983718,0.01159007],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008472167,0.0002534739,0.0001452117,0.00001378435,0.004092487,0.00005672313,0.00009362237,0.003241383,0.001000854],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002621809,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001616778,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004164403,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008937235,"domain_scores_codex":[0.997777,0.00007101452,0.0005803755,0.0004565344,0.0007250441,0.0003900121],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976263,0.0007927649,0.0003530224,0.0007365622,0.0001611269,0.0003302229],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001552003,0.0000145958,7.251552e-7,0.0001790739,0.00007671502,0.00001286547,0.009524764,9.226662e-9,0.000001703239,0.9613827,0.02575125,0.00290042],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002892789,0.0002679631,9.424485e-7,0.0002702904,0.00008634618,0.00002211506,0.0002656549,2.518794e-7,7.227518e-7,0.482937,0.5157042,0.000155225],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.00002855192,0.02100751,3.115132e-7,0.1917902,0.005755815,0.0005129208,0.00003505116,0.00004951709,0.7808201],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.03735277,0.007736406,0.000004193255,0.06593361,0.03198678,0.0000476907,0.00007277525,0.0001112773,0.8567545],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.489953,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999918,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4313445584","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-12692-5_13","title":"Opening Death’s Door: Psilocybin and Existential Suffering in Palliative Care","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Philosophy and medicine","topic":"Psychedelics and Drug Studies","field":"Psychology","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Psilocybin; Psychotherapist; Existentialism; Palliative care; Argument (complex analysis); Psychology; Intervention (counseling); Psychiatry; Medicine; Hallucinogen; Nursing; Epistemology; Philosophy","authors":[{"name":"Duff R. Waring","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1643987007267031,"gpt":0.3817814906375525,"spread":0.2173827899108494,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001781929,0.000376625,0.0007149851,0.000276363,0.00012478,0.00001110021,0.0001092951,0.0002553534,0.0001613148],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000281204,0.000317333,0.00005221751,0.00004427848,0.000255276,0.00002793233,0.0001683616,0.0004634195,0.00003717611],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003394531,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001343646,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002448674,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001646802,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985148,0.00002174763,0.000386221,0.0006027102,0.0001983093,0.0002762108],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992948,0.0001513385,0.0001381965,0.0002342655,0.00005739438,0.0001239833],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001897532,0.00001384771,0.001492124,0.0003404364,0.0003253404,0.0003895606,0.02201444,3.780661e-7,0.00001048834,0.9645948,0.001293704,0.009335155],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01070765,0.001485188,0.02898393,0.007928681,0.0006973186,0.00005365701,0.007858803,0.00001663104,0.000004108221,0.8034059,0.1371191,0.001738994],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.002138707,0.03094441,0.00000845561,0.002737749,0.001278784,0.0003688227,0.00005159171,0.00005657119,0.9624149],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8659993,0.009042086,0.00004991924,0.0007798393,0.002945198,0.00008978244,0.0001379008,0.0001411861,0.1208147],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8638607,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999279,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4285105587","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-91916-0_3","title":"What Does Competency Have to Do with It? Ethics Fellowship Training and the Experience of a Hospital-Based Program in Canada","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Philosophy and medicine","topic":"Ethics in medical practice","field":"Health Professions","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Apprenticeship; Curriculum; Clinical Ethics; Medical education; Engineering ethics; Training (meteorology); Medicine; Pedagogy; Psychology; Engineering; Geography","authors":[{"name":"Dave Langlois","is_ca":true},{"name":"Juhee Makkar","is_ca":true},{"name":"Michael J. Szego","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1386153965978194,"gpt":0.4343128011625859,"spread":0.2956974045647665,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004659225,0.0003128536,0.0008379493,0.0001217639,0.0006964717,0.000008440477,0.0002948113,0.0003427095,0.0004124531],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004621373,0.000165564,0.00002602086,0.00008848699,0.001991981,0.0001159557,0.000176656,0.008468066,5.556819e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001892385,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003272841,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.179561,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.5085635,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9962609,0.0008861417,0.0007480911,0.0004853367,0.001267106,0.0003524116],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.982797,0.01571706,0.0005219579,0.0004293379,0.0002301179,0.0003045194],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006177363,0.0000374523,0.0005700149,0.001337908,0.00005909359,0.000147143,0.3103626,0.000002447255,4.987635e-7,0.682375,0.0002599346,0.00423013],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.007418741,0.002434851,0.0001802224,0.02845961,0.0002723449,0.000007659062,0.3086255,0.00007787703,0.000001043021,0.4382427,0.2136419,0.0006375407],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.001736128,0.005467352,0.00002220466,0.6107238,0.002091593,0.003855556,0.00003086669,0.00002892811,0.3760436],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9286531,0.006158997,0.0005658065,0.058581,0.0007693289,0.0008359436,0.00003785179,0.00007477459,0.004323214],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.926917,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9938194,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4367725260","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-29239-2_10","title":"A Comment on the Barriers to and Incentives for Organ Donation in Iran","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Philosophy and medicine","topic":"Organ Donation and Transplantation","field":"Medicine","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Incentive; Organ donation; Donation; Business; Medicine; Actuarial science; Psychology; Political science; Law; Economics; Surgery; Transplantation; Microeconomics","authors":[{"name":"Mitra Mahdavi‐Mazdeh","is_ca":false},{"name":"Anna Maliwat","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06530635267807597,"gpt":0.2971617750812988,"spread":0.2318554224032228,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002636869,0.0001602731,0.0002629247,0.00026906,0.00008510509,0.00000521704,0.0000323293,0.00009283591,0.0001030599],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001485347,0.000104479,0.00002300564,0.00005422696,0.0001090215,0.00001898049,0.00001096689,0.000172791,0.000007948365],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003367256,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002090409,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007551244,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001827536,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999255,0.00001176354,0.0002051162,0.0002251945,0.0002097134,0.00009319813],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993687,0.0002643486,0.00005563556,0.0001030909,0.0000415202,0.0001667188],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006101435,0.00001577396,0.0002452644,0.0003686625,0.00007958829,0.00001641239,0.004808297,2.378637e-7,0.000131746,0.9878668,0.002703923,0.003153188],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01535809,0.003756292,0.01160158,0.009139228,0.0007798389,0.00003237224,0.0009534814,0.0001031375,0.0004584137,0.6164623,0.3407366,0.000618658],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.001381786,0.0004098876,0.0001418454,0.8388642,0.0003204606,0.002494616,0.0001040343,0.00006174373,0.1562214],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8884308,0.003366899,0.00009778159,0.08339696,0.001097215,0.0001266471,0.0005576825,0.0001030704,0.02282291],"genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.887049,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.426053,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2153922357","doi":"10.1007/978-90-481-9791-0_13","title":"An Appreciative Response","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Philosophy and medicine","topic":"Education and Critical Thinking Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Joseph M. Boyle","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06211564175523813,"gpt":0.3672631183024661,"spread":0.3051474765472279,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001192627,0.0001461076,0.0002322713,0.0001018198,0.0004073714,0.00001624909,0.0001445338,0.0002969732,0.002058432],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000441129,0.0001215547,0.00002564022,0.00002559271,0.001064956,0.00005783762,0.00001672218,0.0004574469,0.00005377813],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004219953,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002339294,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003454375,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004304172,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989533,0.00008391935,0.0001754758,0.0002490822,0.0003877494,0.0001504038],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989831,0.000326056,0.00006956515,0.000164878,0.0001286219,0.0003277657],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005569177,0.00001379029,0.000004237343,0.000009803882,0.00001244995,0.000004622635,0.02028125,2.099952e-9,0.00003416796,0.9745014,0.0005506526,0.004531919],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009105638,0.00006246409,0.00004071289,0.0001118032,0.00001718989,6.501986e-7,0.000263415,6.007091e-8,0.00000327265,0.5227416,0.4765825,0.00008528107],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.0001280083,0.0004471514,0.00002172523,0.07133304,0.000845803,0.0001629249,0.00000517566,0.0000570099,0.9269992],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.1894666,0.002726295,0.00158063,0.01665116,0.01175559,0.00002827137,0.00007922962,0.00006492364,0.7776473],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4760318,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9988538,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4367725702","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-29239-2_8","title":"The Kidney Transplantation Program in Iran","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Philosophy and medicine","topic":"Organ Donation and Transplantation","field":"Medicine","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Transplantation; Donation; Organ donation; Government (linguistics); Kidney donation; Medicine; Kidney transplantation; Organ transplantation; Waiting list; Intensive care medicine; Family medicine; Political science; Surgery; Law","authors":[{"name":"Mitra Mahdavi‐Mazdeh","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ellen Sepanian","is_ca":false},{"name":"Anna Maliwat","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05487909069373762,"gpt":0.305581311939671,"spread":0.2507022212459334,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002261272,0.0002163429,0.000325402,0.0002392997,0.0001026211,0.000008780076,0.00005184884,0.0001879776,0.00008854172],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004351275,0.0001397912,0.00005020805,0.0000779172,0.0002460549,0.00003587919,0.000005092407,0.0003856747,0.00005165955],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000249622,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004726279,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001343974,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004429451,"domain_scores_codex":[0.99887,0.000013112,0.0003604655,0.0002587822,0.0003449303,0.0001527265],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993935,0.00013501,0.00009000495,0.0001563585,0.00004391381,0.0001811708],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00097564,0.00006685392,0.0004478146,0.002262429,0.0001977899,0.0006293334,0.002564726,3.008359e-7,0.0001066827,0.9077079,0.002341491,0.08269908],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01532664,0.002220373,0.01810362,0.01130565,0.001678502,0.0003936358,0.00009619226,0.000105224,0.0000796576,0.5348265,0.4151757,0.0006882242],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.0001392312,0.001528534,0.0000191684,0.06254246,0.0005509811,0.00139339,0.00005497288,0.0002338963,0.9335374],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.2910274,0.1297697,0.0001640391,0.008156152,0.004183131,0.0002266386,0.004528726,0.0002980359,0.5616462],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4128343,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.570052,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W313150823","doi":"10.1007/978-94-007-2196-8_11","title":"Resolution of Issues Related to Proxy Decision Making","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Philosophy and medicine","topic":"International Arbitration and Investment Law","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Dominican University College","funders":"","keywords":"Proxy (statistics); Computer science; Machine learning","authors":[{"name":"Grzegorz Mazur","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04351736725077121,"gpt":0.2777801768044173,"spread":0.2342628095536461,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002037896,0.0001880635,0.0002798779,0.0003832754,0.00007106365,0.00001337162,0.0001140519,0.0001232712,0.001302234],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007862133,0.0001484916,0.00004608058,0.00005302449,0.0001210879,0.0002350818,0.00008509769,0.0001356962,0.0001742578],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001523377,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007492883,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004414755,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005142218,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989365,0.000002254903,0.0004117547,0.0002389222,0.0003167255,0.00009387015],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993032,0.00002269863,0.000291557,0.0001474326,0.00021966,0.00001549431],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000991225,0.00001246333,0.00001876554,0.0001161712,0.00003112547,0.000004865563,0.00007563016,7.642063e-7,0.00003389093,0.9923623,0.005297184,0.001947774],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002357713,0.00005028684,0.00006938913,0.001598409,0.00005130124,0.000001735063,0.000003134631,0.00008085153,0.000005378976,0.6560757,0.3417234,0.0001047643],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.000131633,0.0008058834,0.00009300558,0.004393777,0.0004382375,0.0003052445,0.000002800998,0.00004179217,0.9937876],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7203794,0.0008511737,0.001191728,0.05137159,0.007974307,0.00003188281,0.0002900373,0.0001461485,0.2177638],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7760238,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996107,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4313445733","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-12692-5_8","title":"Ethical Issues in Neuroscience Research","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Philosophy and medicine","topic":"Neurological disorders and treatments","field":"Medicine","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Neuroethics; Neuroimaging; Neurology; Psychology; Psychiatry; Dysfunctional family; Informed consent; Neurolaw; Brain stimulation; Cognition; Neuroscience; Medicine; Alternative medicine; Social cognition; Social neuroscience; Pathology","authors":[{"name":"Walter Glannon","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2999523699236338,"gpt":0.4451854146854816,"spread":0.1452330447618478,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006051082,0.0002378279,0.0006063932,0.0004335419,0.00009736921,0.000006452554,0.0001027518,0.0004907894,0.0001526714],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005768952,0.000157536,0.00005071308,0.0001510765,0.001155003,0.00001904852,0.0001266631,0.002098698,0.0001127214],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002057825,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000431375,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004582994,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008867371,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979748,0.00004840056,0.0002878255,0.0006210343,0.0007504232,0.0003174963],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990348,0.0002947229,0.00004367746,0.0002917428,0.00008331342,0.0002517749],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003212471,0.0001011285,0.0005089031,0.0002937981,0.00002214557,0.004231887,0.0001862039,1.117666e-7,0.0001201868,0.97938,0.009694147,0.005140232],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001515413,0.002352577,0.002846638,0.001007465,0.00005106863,0.00002811637,0.000007365712,0.000009505575,0.000002251999,0.9137217,0.07833834,0.0001195857],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.0004011167,0.00326013,5.606034e-7,0.2199322,0.0002332483,0.0005172277,0.000008558735,0.00006824031,0.7755787],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.2759988,0.03891286,0.00002354112,0.03090886,0.001660067,0.00005665271,0.00007187245,0.0001206812,0.6522467],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2755977,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9117917,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4285212387","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-91916-0_21","title":"Medical Aid in Dying in Canada: Undertaking Clinical Ethics Consultations in a Rapidly Evolving Regulatory Landscape","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Philosophy and medicine","topic":"Ethics in medical practice","field":"Health Professions","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Discretion; Conscience; Context (archaeology); Health care; Political science; Medical ethics; Work (physics); Medicine; Public relations; Law; Nursing","authors":[{"name":"Benjamin Zolf","is_ca":true},{"name":"Udo Schüklenk","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2286376198983646,"gpt":0.4842590247071416,"spread":0.255621404808777,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.02608016,0.0003811333,0.001285226,0.0006317248,0.0006307588,0.000003306651,0.0003894908,0.001818773,0.005817037],"category_scores_gemma":[0.06396064,0.0003567913,0.00004845631,0.0002567087,0.0007651232,0.0001286544,0.0003863873,0.03869397,0.00001049436],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001242768,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01516241,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.2984264,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.8880649,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9901404,0.003475666,0.002730033,0.0007885904,0.002235108,0.000630237],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.937554,0.06057332,0.0007612705,0.0004377356,0.0001831933,0.0004904649],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002487143,0.00007208675,0.03982238,0.001769515,0.00007185181,0.001923299,0.01303091,0.00001123714,7.624577e-7,0.9367625,0.003852063,0.002434721],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01267886,0.0002465746,0.01804403,0.03213157,0.0001642134,0.000047504,0.01181407,0.001371669,4.00514e-8,0.8085611,0.114071,0.0008693617],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.001383993,0.01116956,0.00002540941,0.200677,0.002980299,0.001101886,0.00002481931,0.00004212331,0.782595],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9080845,0.02082805,0.0002047783,0.06209002,0.002758285,0.0001788107,0.0001816403,0.0001471654,0.005526812],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9067004,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998884,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3025433497","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-40033-0_5","title":"End of Life: Care Ethical Perspectives","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Philosophy and medicine","topic":"Palliative Care and End-of-Life Issues","field":"Medicine","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Ethics of care; Perspective (graphical); Palliative care; Sociology; Neglect; Politics; Power (physics); Nursing ethics; Environmental ethics; Engineering ethics; Nursing; Epistemology; Political science; Medicine; Law; Philosophy","authors":[{"name":"Carlo Leget","is_ca":false},{"name":"Helen Kohlen","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1541848523795809,"gpt":0.3955182390241838,"spread":0.2413333866446029,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009501508,0.0003210552,0.001336665,0.0001702659,0.00003059037,0.000001195599,0.0000860893,0.0005246371,0.0005028067],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006135154,0.0002408744,0.0001663245,0.00004715958,0.001134142,0.00001783817,0.00006009215,0.0009431735,0.000008201172],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003501488,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001855113,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000301052,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000252931,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984984,0.00001959596,0.000467808,0.000384804,0.0005041779,0.0001252309],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985057,0.0002424688,0.0002534335,0.0002608878,0.0004007405,0.0003367982],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000898454,0.0000358585,0.0004979649,0.005104757,0.0008164471,0.0001536331,0.03348494,1.196172e-7,0.0004245091,0.9513635,0.003401494,0.003818354],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.008560154,0.007104825,0.0005943644,0.03146093,0.003354024,0.00005160796,0.01192045,0.000006917352,0.0006526629,0.1839731,0.7515094,0.0008115179],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.0002062063,0.1582162,0.00001970168,0.03117917,0.0001492198,0.0002846361,0.00009172854,0.00003147492,0.8098216],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9324667,0.04604277,0.0005333163,0.004557433,0.005040466,0.000007950275,0.0002603754,0.00009307509,0.01099792],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9322605,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9822572,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W114825819","doi":"10.1007/978-90-481-9190-1_10","title":"Between and Beyond: Medicine and Narrative in Dick Zaner’s Phenomenology","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Philosophy and medicine","topic":"Mental Health and Psychiatry","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Phenomenology (philosophy); Narrative; Psychoanalysis; Philosophy; Psychology; Epistemology; Literature; Art","authors":[{"name":"Hillel D. Braude","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.08739087439989558,"gpt":0.2997120598295194,"spread":0.2123211854296239,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002763594,0.0003840241,0.0008589085,0.0003324653,0.0003561295,0.000009008877,0.00008013383,0.0002795252,0.002368281],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001769536,0.0002717473,0.00001942186,0.00001165879,0.002503194,0.00006854574,0.00005944334,0.0008452603,0.000007775923],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001462433,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002866314,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002790777,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008801471,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985771,0.00002571413,0.0005010877,0.0004449982,0.0001897666,0.0002613414],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990509,0.0001982032,0.000208969,0.0001757332,0.00003836423,0.0003278004],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007426482,0.00001034613,0.0001849393,0.000461651,0.00004566373,0.0000166536,0.06363612,1.085083e-9,0.000003796712,0.9283164,0.001317676,0.005932455],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00152604,0.001082344,0.0001176283,0.0006147443,0.00009235806,0.00001740735,0.0020051,3.044092e-7,2.243915e-7,0.6071659,0.3871764,0.0002015558],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.003637938,0.0255172,4.376057e-7,0.05192439,0.001117958,0.0004147209,0.00007165744,0.00002525775,0.9172904],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7610237,0.01696978,0.0000532766,0.01991936,0.02984851,0.00004525601,0.0006024078,0.0001334758,0.1714042],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7573857,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999735,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4387197460","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-40379-8_20","title":"Introducing the Downtown Eastside Community Research Ethics Workshop: Notes on a Process for Community Ethics Review","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Philosophy and medicine","topic":"Ethics in Clinical Research","field":"Medicine","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"BC Mental Health & Substance Use Services; Positive Living Society of British Columbia; Vancouver Coastal Health; Brock University","funders":"","keywords":"Engineering ethics; Nursing ethics; Research ethics; Downtown; Community building; Information ethics; Sociology; Process (computing); Public relations; Political science; Medicine; Engineering; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Scott D. Neufeld","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jule Chapman","is_ca":true},{"name":"Nicolas D. Leech-Crier","is_ca":true},{"name":"Samona Marsh","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jim McLeod","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.9011543860766962,"gpt":0.6612136804924944,"spread":0.2399407055842018,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch","sts","research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.1707152,0.0007041857,0.001973629,0.0005101341,0.005013331,0.00004523592,0.001548989,0.003201158,0.0001876419],"category_scores_gemma":[0.5141158,0.0004258286,0.0003199911,0.0004836964,0.007162642,0.00006010678,0.001123476,0.1457206,0.00008335013],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002210392,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001987776,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006751687,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001733826,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9859223,0.005495581,0.00159525,0.0008735238,0.005194472,0.0009188994],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.6545796,0.3368632,0.0003674061,0.002996768,0.004671438,0.0005215894],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001417421,0.0003059102,0.00001225711,0.1011517,0.0005716292,0.00005280997,0.02085093,0.000003732152,0.00001745548,0.8573738,0.009888751,0.008353578],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001291972,0.002561416,0.00002852525,0.1524138,0.0005322158,0.00003340608,0.001152095,0.00001344441,0.00001503538,0.8138222,0.02783025,0.0003056171],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.00005480334,0.01728176,0.00005355284,0.7056921,0.0004451431,0.003803085,0.00009045833,0.000155144,0.272424],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.1010162,0.5982013,0.0002522558,0.1344944,0.01182086,0.0009931626,0.001124985,0.0006380563,0.1514588],"genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5809196,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998193,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"qualitative","genre":"other","about_ca_system":true,"about_ca_topic":true,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"methods","study_design":"qualitative","genre":"commentary","about_ca_system":true,"about_ca_topic":true,"confidence":"medium"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W953232502","doi":"10.1007/978-94-007-2196-8_8","title":"Preliminary Considerations on Proxy Consent in the Nontherapeutic Situation","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Philosophy and medicine","topic":"Ethics in Clinical Research","field":"Medicine","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Dominican University College","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology; Informed consent; Proxy (statistics); Parental consent; Clinical psychology; Medicine; Pathology; Alternative medicine; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Grzegorz Mazur","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.6342727939667313,"gpt":0.510674209177551,"spread":0.1235985847891803,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002161144,0.0002628981,0.0005181394,0.0002486692,0.0001245774,0.000008122328,0.0001081228,0.0005575755,0.0007041399],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003400696,0.0001569157,0.00007222484,0.00003843799,0.001131687,0.00002433094,0.00004508813,0.002625572,0.00007240449],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000499287,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003856303,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003203316,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006703778,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977971,0.0000876703,0.0005820366,0.0004388757,0.0009036033,0.0001906998],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9890987,0.009772501,0.0001535378,0.0005818187,0.0002485319,0.0001448544],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005293097,0.0001362966,0.00004766468,0.0004449274,0.00007709273,0.0002514138,0.002117821,1.426164e-7,0.00001673892,0.9938089,0.00116507,0.001404657],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001600345,0.003932293,0.0007347206,0.004423038,0.0002464775,0.0001268079,0.00005137371,0.00001125765,0.000009105826,0.979918,0.00881188,0.0001347186],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.0001349539,0.002686838,0.00001346313,0.1439021,0.0001604089,0.001438187,0.000008673754,0.00002276314,0.8516326],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8769901,0.01047922,0.0000898986,0.0309996,0.001782891,0.0001127036,0.00008776474,0.00006008015,0.07939772],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8768551,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996754,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W112916076","doi":"10.1007/978-94-007-2196-8_6","title":"Critique of Proxy Consent Standards","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Philosophy and medicine","topic":"Medical Malpractice and Liability Issues","field":"Health Professions","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Dominican University College","funders":"","keywords":"Proxy (statistics); Psychology; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Grzegorz Mazur","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1729483634464084,"gpt":0.4645173388043322,"spread":0.2915689753579237,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001598743,0.0002845988,0.0009446193,0.0001326838,0.0001654078,8.430719e-7,0.0001248066,0.0005702499,0.01322671],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002383726,0.0001986838,0.00006433262,0.00002216124,0.0009653217,0.00004890141,0.00009612463,0.001257412,0.00005409593],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004914856,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006322081,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002360258,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002519582,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977441,0.000154953,0.0008886516,0.0003412926,0.0006091257,0.0002618167],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9966923,0.001475063,0.00050594,0.0004159481,0.0005758748,0.0003349019],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002277495,0.00003223029,0.0001261701,0.00484581,0.00008026298,0.00002691837,0.00346814,1.737388e-9,0.00001066031,0.954272,0.03565678,0.001253334],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005915083,0.0004364666,0.0000232851,0.005241591,0.0001648913,0.000003173762,0.0001622414,2.298293e-7,0.000003912629,0.4347121,0.5585529,0.0001076769],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.0000673371,0.004902388,0.00004392107,0.04666261,0.000691109,0.0009064109,0.0001501754,0.00004433583,0.9465317],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.249979,0.03342016,0.0002611738,0.01764635,0.01024787,0.0001614009,0.0001774063,0.0001655797,0.6879411],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5228961,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9876753,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4285204545","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-04166-2_8","title":"Illness and Family Decision-Making","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Philosophy and medicine","topic":"Ethics and Legal Issues in Pediatric Healthcare","field":"Medicine","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Gratitude; Autonomy; Sibling; Psychology; Social psychology; Ethical decision; Developmental psychology; Political science; Law","authors":[{"name":"Amy Mullin","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05810874099404457,"gpt":0.3590998578688064,"spread":0.3009911168747618,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006268425,0.000393474,0.0009382014,0.0003400579,0.00037701,0.00000958393,0.0001014513,0.000441234,0.001488172],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003626264,0.0003107061,0.00007620909,0.00006628879,0.0004702746,0.00004985073,0.0002182534,0.001762332,0.000008922425],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006905764,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001542711,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006144977,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004710363,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978061,0.00002435023,0.0005381669,0.0006172899,0.0007596164,0.0002544236],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980805,0.0007554348,0.0001918158,0.0004287428,0.0001537948,0.0003897009],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002785509,0.00001887539,0.00009316536,0.001294267,0.0001052959,0.0008776691,0.001683653,1.660324e-7,0.00000392254,0.8422133,0.003970568,0.1494605],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008332717,0.0006571008,0.0001231086,0.002182657,0.000316139,0.0002481121,0.00009627049,0.00000789743,1.230482e-7,0.3673082,0.6279818,0.0002453222],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.0004052117,0.1007825,0.00003141508,0.01661873,0.0009961767,0.0005228622,0.00004981871,0.00006618536,0.8805271],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.775978,0.1159231,0.0008066135,0.02526623,0.01180111,0.0000478703,0.0002033534,0.0002372507,0.06973647],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8107907,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999345,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4313445742","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-12692-5_19","title":"Ethics of Expanded Access During the COVID-19 Pandemic","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Philosophy and medicine","topic":"Ethics in medical practice","field":"Health Professions","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek; KWF Kankerbestrijding; ZonMw; Stem Cell Network","keywords":"Pandemic; Obligation; Compassionate Use; Health care; Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Prima facie; Medicine; Moral obligation; Public relations; Nursing; Expanded access; Family medicine; Business; Political science; Clinical trial; Law","authors":[{"name":"Eline M. Bunnik","is_ca":false},{"name":"Marleen Eijkholt","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.5400666594185403,"gpt":0.5738402323034707,"spread":0.03377357288493044,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.01161795,0.0003379426,0.0007986316,0.0002159323,0.00174406,0.000004245318,0.0006320828,0.001728884,0.001320614],"category_scores_gemma":[0.03912934,0.0002068938,0.00007744109,0.000101146,0.002139734,0.00009279539,0.0006344848,0.01671669,0.00009162332],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001395908,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009271011,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003217097,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001936573,"domain_scores_codex":[0.995701,0.001176264,0.001051057,0.0004754183,0.001228779,0.0003675109],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9577816,0.03980033,0.0009541912,0.0006900858,0.000310719,0.0004630366],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002089132,0.000009343834,0.0009267809,0.007485312,0.0001598997,0.00005664186,0.01115552,7.450637e-7,0.0000304414,0.9735215,0.006238663,0.0002062051],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001319603,0.00007870582,0.0001792338,0.003181106,0.0002430737,0.00002148022,0.0005800118,0.000001918165,6.511396e-7,0.8585313,0.1356922,0.0001707288],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.0001171339,0.002442105,0.00009389818,0.2566329,0.001969317,0.0009798084,0.00005421936,0.0001902826,0.7375203],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.1657045,0.1052258,0.00004018769,0.1426266,0.01364626,0.0002198448,0.0001420733,0.000302827,0.5720919],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1655874,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995923,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4387197550","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-40379-8_15","title":"Rethinking Risks and Benefits in Stakeholder-Engaged Research: Lessons from HIV, Substance Use, and Sexual Health Research with Marginalized Communities","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Philosophy and medicine","topic":"Mental Health and Patient Involvement","field":"Health Professions","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; University of Windsor","funders":"","keywords":"Stakeholder; Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); Public relations; Economic Justice; Substance use; Psychology; Political science; Sociology; Social psychology; Medicine","authors":[{"name":"Adrian Guţă","is_ca":true},{"name":"Peter A. Newman","is_ca":true},{"name":"Adam Bourne","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.9542057277237275,"gpt":0.5429314979548822,"spread":0.4112742297688453,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01928465,0.0004316684,0.001074964,0.0009414685,0.005216619,0.00002589651,0.0002195365,0.000471906,0.0001062386],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002829772,0.0003388274,0.00001456612,0.0002373207,0.001458383,0.000160295,0.0003412416,0.01137167,0.00001546406],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003116488,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004879004,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02667598,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.06028713,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9896529,0.005975893,0.00100873,0.0007073484,0.001486706,0.001168449],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.982494,0.01535281,0.0003672037,0.000619917,0.000419109,0.000746978],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00377612,0.0001294129,0.05575782,0.01610783,0.0001785053,0.0001835298,0.4254697,0.000001413385,0.000005509,0.4825752,0.00773234,0.008082634],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01222096,0.005063317,0.02650259,0.1148725,0.00007346367,0.000008023943,0.09090456,0.00005022331,0.000001355419,0.7216794,0.02783316,0.0007904016],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7538943,0.0645256,0.000008911376,0.08094,0.0008039543,0.009565826,0.002969957,0.0002216052,0.08706988],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8322975,0.111946,0.0003023544,0.00523403,0.001384117,0.0005036581,0.00378796,0.0002464608,0.04429786],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3345651,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999064,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[{"model":"gpt","categories":[],"domain":null,"study_design":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre":"commentary","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"opus","categories":["metaresearch"],"domain":"methods","study_design":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre":"commentary","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"medium"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W4313445891","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-12692-5_24","title":"Structural Problems in the Practice of Psychiatric Research","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Philosophy and medicine","topic":"Pharmaceutical industry and healthcare","field":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Incentive; Promotion (chess); Language change; Business; Medical prescription; Conflict of interest; Public relations; Public economics; Finance; Medicine; Political science; Economics; Nursing; Law; Market economy","authors":[{"name":"Heather Stuart","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.7404399942621941,"gpt":0.6242047945949469,"spread":0.1162351996672472,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00518083,0.0002963352,0.0005319171,0.0004353969,0.0003031521,0.000006148985,0.0004257917,0.001046,0.0006245827],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005930946,0.0001945209,0.00006305453,0.0003109997,0.001291574,0.00006604196,0.0001179504,0.006838939,0.00006382145],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004188825,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001300871,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006954852,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001905429,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9969825,0.0008046716,0.0006990568,0.0004218853,0.0006069336,0.0004849134],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.995322,0.003564571,0.0002596148,0.000296926,0.0002843126,0.0002726147],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004165378,0.00005456384,0.0002623975,0.001300176,0.0001428971,0.0001551717,0.002865003,0.0000126542,0.00004874961,0.9718467,0.01321853,0.009676628],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001336138,0.0005789843,0.0001506611,0.0004091837,0.00025823,0.00008926039,0.0002887169,0.00007082129,0.000007533501,0.5129048,0.4837261,0.0001795508],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.0004082162,0.01428937,3.806622e-7,0.1104783,0.00114727,0.001153032,0.00008701034,0.00003576843,0.8724006],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8635894,0.03845381,0.00003056545,0.01706942,0.007985445,0.0001395883,0.0001655788,0.0001186501,0.07244752],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8631812,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9954523,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4313445774","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-12692-5_5","title":"Centring the Human Subject: Catalyzing Change in Ethics and Dementia Research","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Philosophy and medicine","topic":"Mental Health and Patient Involvement","field":"Health Professions","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus; University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Dementia; Research ethics; Informed consent; Context (archaeology); Voluntariness; Metis; Psychology; Public relations; Sociology; Political science; Medicine; Psychiatry; Alternative medicine","authors":[{"name":"Gloria Puurveen","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jim Mann","is_ca":true},{"name":"Susan Cox","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.7819087752090171,"gpt":0.5559123932118268,"spread":0.2259963819971903,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.006821423,0.0002391555,0.0004104386,0.0004054046,0.002237991,0.000004658818,0.0001568945,0.0004399074,0.00013688],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001195259,0.0001619604,0.00002280265,0.0001067346,0.0003980515,0.00004633761,0.0003726955,0.004429566,0.00006375467],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001221413,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001099083,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002972319,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00261936,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9971105,0.0004683177,0.0006712621,0.0004226504,0.0006903969,0.0006367977],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.997498,0.001592953,0.0002059521,0.0003103623,0.0001193053,0.0002734509],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001015123,0.0000226292,0.01362389,0.01100293,0.00006106301,0.00005698013,0.04979101,2.106225e-8,0.00001132936,0.9193084,0.0009801161,0.005040095],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003953639,0.001308554,0.008266296,0.06433452,0.0001843376,0.000004045246,0.004290608,0.0000154535,0.000004450144,0.738052,0.1790461,0.0005399391],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.01314293,0.04873373,0.00000174901,0.06827086,0.00289269,0.007737993,0.0001232549,0.0001272056,0.8589696],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8858417,0.0429539,0.000009366468,0.01246142,0.006922849,0.0006318419,0.0008473981,0.0001458529,0.05018562],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8726988,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999061,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}