{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":63,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":63,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"query_hash":"89b9aab1160d","filters":{"venue":"Police Practice and Research"}},"results":[{"id":"W2987852687","doi":"10.1080/15614263.2019.1689129","title":"A systematic review of mental health symptoms in police officers following extreme traumatic exposures","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Police Practice and Research","topic":"Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research","field":"Psychology","cited_by":86,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa; McGill University; University of British Columbia; University of Northern British Columbia; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Mental health; Traumatic stress; Anxiety; Acute Stress Disorder; Distress; Psychiatry; Psychology; Terrorism; Depression (economics); Medicine; Clinical psychology; Political science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.3208391506096712,"gpt":0.5614268367770582,"spread":0.240587686167387,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01529578,0.0006983996,0.005350204,0.002068056,0.0002335798,0.0001527969,0.001450454,0.0004654509,0.0003441296],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003102142,0.000549804,0.000718476,0.002560243,0.000297326,0.0004336682,0.0005222092,0.002375081,0.000703351],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006653361,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002026006,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.05457836,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000937311,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9775059,0.013834,0.003211894,0.001081238,0.002525412,0.001841548],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9842468,0.01158564,0.001574945,0.001871874,0.0002774524,0.0004432768],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"systematic_review","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000305441,0.0005769092,0.00000686761,0.9176731,0.001320103,0.00001453142,0.0173586,2.501752e-8,1.958404e-7,0.0005516977,0.002158467,0.06030894],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008401579,0.0004759577,0.00001366219,0.9030764,0.001000016,0.0003054864,0.01678579,0.000003602672,9.997689e-8,0.000008327987,0.07704369,0.0004468184],"study_design_candidate":"systematic_review","study_design_consensus":"systematic_review","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.00006370311,0.9692218,0.000001535305,0.0009745185,0.0002424926,0.01113295,0.00009815022,0.00003407661,0.01823076],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0001135553,0.9961544,0.00006338927,0.0003679549,0.00007072712,0.001620928,0.0000845819,0.000152375,0.001372145],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.07488522,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999265,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2020684853","doi":"10.1080/15614261003701665","title":"Canadian police agencies and their interactions with persons with a mental illness: a systems approach","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Police Practice and Research","topic":"Homelessness and Social Issues","field":"Health Professions","cited_by":84,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"","keywords":"Mental illness; Mental health; Criminal justice; Service (business); Work (physics); Public relations; Social work; Mental health service; Economic Justice; Psychology; Business; Political science; Criminology; Psychiatry; Engineering; Law; Marketing","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.09616828739791161,"gpt":0.465625866085252,"spread":0.3694575786873404,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001458846,0.0001689349,0.0002812586,0.0003365703,0.003595179,0.0001959422,0.0001568249,0.0001635564,0.00006214601],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001589314,0.0001031372,0.00001555789,0.0004817249,0.0003921541,0.0006389074,0.0001077385,0.001976833,0.00002870902],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001770106,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001268792,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9559457,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9462271,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974865,0.0008350021,0.0001727968,0.0003217535,0.0003401898,0.0008437263],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9971113,0.001439066,0.00009273063,0.0002610815,0.0004759783,0.0006198884],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001898925,0.00009955067,0.0120307,0.0003182696,0.0001461564,0.000007484959,0.9785087,7.424995e-7,0.0004892618,0.006314967,0.0006409872,0.001253341],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003471093,0.0001041267,0.001892202,0.00008825353,0.00002169374,0.0000400773,0.874649,0.0002442086,0.00001186277,0.000008587887,0.1224403,0.0001525886],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9137257,0.0002606794,0.00001259383,0.003936683,0.0001400439,0.0009126976,0.00007193037,0.00003468213,0.08090503],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9953757,0.0003236785,0.0001873228,0.00016652,0.0004578186,0.0004082596,0.0000130151,0.00003505348,0.003032667],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1217993,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.997702,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3199632074","doi":"10.1080/15614263.2021.1979398","title":"Police staff and mental health: barriers and recommendations for improving help-seeking","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Police Practice and Research","topic":"Policing Practices and Perceptions","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":68,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Ontario Shores Centre for Mental Health Sciences; Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Confidentiality; Mental health; Stigma (botany); Psychology; Help-seeking; Mental illness; Nursing; Public health; Focus group; Public relations; Medicine; Psychiatry; Business; Political science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1552106383689789,"gpt":0.5232895885968487,"spread":0.3680789502278698,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003922187,0.00009166337,0.0001373776,0.0001574019,0.004379372,0.0006439093,0.0000908973,0.00008840201,0.00009819326],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001874379,0.00009501044,0.00002357356,0.0003713328,0.0003618923,0.001172561,0.0001915692,0.0004086712,0.000005083898],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001085693,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008143908,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.5396917,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1579644,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974665,0.001043587,0.0001874942,0.0003246991,0.0003433561,0.0006343522],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9959462,0.002952627,0.0001066107,0.0001417645,0.0003018193,0.0005509943],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001030779,0.0001634985,0.001121682,0.0002234117,0.0000711924,9.694246e-7,0.8131882,3.767079e-7,0.002921431,0.01900146,0.02392852,0.1392762],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002725946,0.0001126591,0.0003023473,0.00002652104,0.00001397515,0.00002487365,0.3875417,0.0001271223,0.00002156913,0.0001535697,0.6113105,0.00009261741],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.275061,0.001579209,0.0002054295,0.6966229,0.000317397,0.0009711793,0.0002032111,0.00006870199,0.02497103],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9402856,0.03803369,0.008397893,0.005539116,0.001254329,0.0001095715,0.00004320907,0.0000416631,0.006294969],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6910838,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9969168,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2087129576","doi":"10.1080/15614263.2013.767089","title":"Citizen oversight in the United States and Canada: an overview","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Police Practice and Research","topic":"Policing Practices and Perceptions","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":51,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Scrutiny; Accountability; Misconduct; Political science; Law enforcement; Public administration; Enforcement; Government (linguistics); Politics; Officer; Public trust; Language change; Law; Public relations","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2241650559445649,"gpt":0.5006869889518375,"spread":0.2765219330072726,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00325077,0.00006034975,0.00007371432,0.0001429361,0.001014121,0.0004643652,0.0002124889,0.00005448969,0.0002682246],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008208306,0.00004237023,0.000007630762,0.0005598045,0.0002994612,0.001107913,0.00006982195,0.000461186,0.0000214421],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008542349,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004737958,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9998459,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9960805,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9965886,0.002169407,0.0001021008,0.0001504437,0.0005605564,0.0004288998],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9952406,0.004165825,0.00004119788,0.0001577248,0.0002051749,0.000189531],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004528449,0.000225867,0.01219742,0.00006425058,0.00003773001,0.00001317365,0.8238832,0.00001000696,0.0001019839,0.05393806,0.1000976,0.009385495],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001081777,0.00003959273,0.04699744,0.00001180981,0.000008338108,0.000007614386,0.2855262,0.0001146708,0.000001034716,0.0006291174,0.6664916,0.00006439501],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8578219,0.0003245394,3.9203e-7,0.1090083,0.00002540493,0.0002721062,0.000006570124,0.000008036586,0.0325327],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9505126,0.03902966,0.0000589785,0.008819369,0.0002340257,0.00003841925,0.00001069844,0.000007665549,0.001288534],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.566394,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.77999,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2904994092","doi":"10.1080/15614263.2018.1555480","title":"The ‘us vs them’ mentality: a comparison of police cadets at different stages of their training","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Police Practice and Research","topic":"Policing Practices and Perceptions","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":41,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal; International Centre for Comparative Criminology","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Training (meteorology); Psychology; Applied psychology; Aeronautics; Criminology; Social psychology; Engineering; Geography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.3682430772797171,"gpt":0.5523047170805946,"spread":0.1840616398008775,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004031788,0.000105795,0.0002320089,0.00009689047,0.002336473,0.0001353712,0.000401945,0.0001029703,0.0001713843],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008662231,0.00006696527,0.00005600373,0.0003996296,0.002179089,0.0003831145,0.0002843453,0.000426434,0.00002745823],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009348711,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001684955,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.4668995,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1793654,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9961723,0.001870285,0.0003147679,0.000195856,0.000853214,0.0005935465],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9917896,0.007016143,0.0002883988,0.000300941,0.0004154654,0.0001894237],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002928691,0.0002477797,0.02189939,0.00003530753,0.0001022614,1.380322e-7,0.9472782,4.338909e-7,0.006582655,0.008259453,0.002064984,0.01323654],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003189811,0.0004072259,0.03622852,0.00006104156,0.00005686074,0.000006963455,0.5898414,0.00006428893,0.005584859,0.0003500692,0.3669432,0.0001366062],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9089934,0.000141168,0.000002417183,0.01353272,0.00008470937,0.0002366281,0.00002777743,0.00001411645,0.07696702],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9946458,0.002881019,0.00004824438,0.0001993668,0.0004330022,0.00001488706,0.000001644073,0.00001114214,0.001764896],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3648782,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9989623,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2894627816","doi":"10.1080/15614263.2018.1526683","title":"Murderer vs investigator: factors influencing the resolution of sexual homicide cases","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Police Practice and Research","topic":"Crime Patterns and Interventions","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University; Université de Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Homicide; Psychology; Criminology; Offender profiling; Sexual behavior; Sexual assault; Poison control; Human factors and ergonomics; Social psychology; Medical emergency; Engineering; Medicine","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2643079261429034,"gpt":0.5203654901640257,"spread":0.2560575640211222,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002906929,0.00005523422,0.00007794129,0.0001214269,0.001239568,0.0001361827,0.0002027656,0.00006263555,0.0003044701],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005623824,0.00003808097,0.00002341309,0.0003476468,0.001504455,0.0004985051,0.000142936,0.0002911519,0.00003913163],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005345992,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002726236,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.4299966,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0417631,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979073,0.0009625307,0.0001639952,0.0001508471,0.000491483,0.0003238927],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9971786,0.001891037,0.00008733021,0.0001866901,0.0005049371,0.0001514502],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002447946,0.0003509489,0.1271092,0.0001275011,0.0001393168,0.000007178567,0.69302,0.000001853807,0.01835638,0.03474575,0.1182493,0.007647742],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002155988,0.0007353755,0.06495001,0.00008131884,0.00005880527,0.00001529036,0.5469291,0.00004775587,0.005645212,0.0005906479,0.3805768,0.0001540394],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9725139,0.0001717183,0.000007447637,0.009261446,0.0000743398,0.000151043,0.000007478956,0.00001282092,0.01779986],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980893,0.0001258702,0.0000467869,0.0003158391,0.0003941387,0.000006396854,0.000001050238,0.000006043373,0.001014613],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3882335,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9757223,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2139965327","doi":"10.1080/15614260500121096","title":"Terrorism Old and New: Counterterrorism in Canada","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Police Practice and Research","topic":"Terrorism, Counterterrorism, and Political Violence","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Terrorism; Typology; Scope (computer science); Political science; Criminology; Law; Sociology; Computer science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07578861884139114,"gpt":0.4272376241068964,"spread":0.3514490052655053,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002407453,0.0001757219,0.0002337743,0.0002362783,0.000543179,0.0002293003,0.0003594797,0.0001572266,0.0001461798],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008931374,0.000166142,0.00002326497,0.0004286141,0.0004147109,0.001140625,0.0001726053,0.0009290354,0.00005295391],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007537761,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002582467,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9969446,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9921265,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9961398,0.0007747192,0.0003311886,0.0004546224,0.001102786,0.001196882],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.996995,0.001704968,0.00007012087,0.0002683359,0.0001928126,0.0007687489],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002408969,0.0002505223,0.02716489,0.00007983331,0.00005628531,0.0001310661,0.7308902,0.000003252345,0.000176043,0.004860211,0.05608204,0.1800648],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005663899,0.00006934092,0.01326928,0.00008001993,0.00001432821,0.00003003877,0.4704203,0.0002165625,0.00003598644,0.0003644291,0.5146643,0.0002690432],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8838514,0.001378739,0.00001724075,0.09592775,0.0002789767,0.0003301875,0.00001027288,0.00002959344,0.01817584],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9881153,0.002965325,0.0000603553,0.00393386,0.001145464,0.00002127295,0.000001484356,0.00001842328,0.003738555],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4585822,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6775074,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3046887190","doi":"10.1080/15614263.2020.1798235","title":"Risk scores and reliability of the SARA, SARA-V3, B-SAFER, and ODARA among Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) cases referred for threat assessment","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Police Practice and Research","topic":"Intimate Partner and Family Violence","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; MacEwan University; Waypoint Centre for Mental Health Care; Carleton University; University of Toronto","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Domestic violence; Risk assessment; SAFER; Psychology; Reliability (semiconductor); Human factors and ergonomics; Risk management tools; Applied psychology; Clinical psychology; Poison control; Medicine; Environmental health; Computer security; Computer science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1132188701128803,"gpt":0.472309498335297,"spread":0.3590906282224167,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004485583,0.000148857,0.0002606774,0.00006271165,0.001409215,0.0002333515,0.0003028475,0.0001274314,0.00001258767],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00527563,0.0001020349,0.00005119718,0.0004051572,0.002088878,0.0007105526,0.000402196,0.0005544658,0.000003651548],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004463385,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000264731,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.05040736,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007024906,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9966267,0.00134131,0.0003034521,0.000487305,0.0006967556,0.0005444154],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9946175,0.004072707,0.0001872041,0.0002953263,0.0005622905,0.0002649784],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001551271,0.0004645344,0.862692,0.001038992,0.0001427557,0.00001476105,0.06284132,0.00003809526,0.00162662,0.03677914,0.004257089,0.02855343],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001012958,0.0006277731,0.9351054,0.0003445685,0.0001866002,0.00001210993,0.03945784,0.002896124,0.001429379,0.006260581,0.01228597,0.0003807207],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9825168,0.001009708,0.00008010881,0.004471414,0.00007015395,0.001087643,0.00006853954,0.00003436864,0.01066131],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9853414,0.01326608,0.0007699133,0.0003102708,0.0001404718,0.00007614771,0.000001782277,0.00001542603,0.00007849396],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.07241338,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998908,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2076152385","doi":"10.1080/15614263.2010.508983","title":"Scandals, sagging morale, and role ambiguity in the Royal Canadian Mounted Police: the end of a Canadian institution as we know it?","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Police Practice and Research","topic":"Policing Practices and Perceptions","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Saint Mary's University; Mount Saint Vincent University","funders":"Government of Canada","keywords":"Institution; Reputation; Malaise; Criticism; Ambiguity; Distress; Sociology; State (computer science); Criminology; Psychology; Political science; Law; Medicine; Social science; Surgery","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.08008465458870273,"gpt":0.4552509863218375,"spread":0.3751663317331348,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.006704953,0.00009534651,0.0001122604,0.0007100724,0.002469948,0.0003413198,0.000402257,0.0001636246,0.000200379],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001948855,0.00006596676,0.00002333838,0.001269626,0.001294024,0.0006352901,0.00006248938,0.001229942,0.00002996097],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001540912,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003192744,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9999606,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9999591,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9971214,0.001205339,0.0001740505,0.0002003144,0.000551041,0.0007478777],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9972335,0.001651527,0.00007898596,0.0002724682,0.0002544578,0.0005091264],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006606953,0.0001156816,0.01575069,0.00003536575,0.00004246201,0.000009634759,0.8730474,0.00002472398,0.0007328979,0.06162031,0.01022638,0.0383284],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001376683,0.00003384444,0.04973871,0.00003006259,0.00001983557,0.00002195819,0.1403111,0.0002084856,0.00001173703,0.0003558538,0.8090451,0.00008558714],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6132541,0.0002377617,1.636602e-7,0.1844093,0.00007963989,0.0003172761,0.00003254784,0.000005794293,0.2016634],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9909703,0.005573263,0.00002986291,0.002023236,0.0003601264,0.00002703657,0.00000299449,0.000007302954,0.00100589],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7988188,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9988287,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2297711880","doi":"10.1080/15614263.2015.1086878","title":"Development and reform of police training and education in Taiwan","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Police Practice and Research","topic":"Policing Practices and Perceptions","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Ontario Institute of Technology","funders":"","keywords":"Training (meteorology); Training system; Curriculum; Democracy; Political science; Public relations; Public administration; Medical education; Law; Medicine","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.3244130059876166,"gpt":0.5484915391393104,"spread":0.2240785331516937,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004882915,0.00005501507,0.00009943505,0.0002594891,0.0003640616,0.0001119484,0.00007862321,0.00007460816,0.000008675831],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006650921,0.00005001802,0.000005646372,0.0003551277,0.0003253497,0.0008263106,0.00008840552,0.000278822,0.000005597981],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001292179,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001676158,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.6156362,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1854454,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985853,0.0004245111,0.0001582176,0.0001492657,0.000378401,0.0003042539],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989048,0.0004472414,0.00007286503,0.0000829603,0.0002268535,0.000265287],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003320288,0.00009007176,0.001773708,0.0000248606,0.000007212886,2.31386e-7,0.8657883,1.733269e-7,0.0001533365,0.01097856,0.0002622479,0.120888],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001684651,0.00004186663,0.01118101,0.00003387631,0.000005778511,0.00001106946,0.7018691,0.000008755742,0.00001900652,0.0002546603,0.2863467,0.00005968528],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8228246,0.0002271398,0.000001317635,0.01111561,0.00003189953,0.0001278316,0.000001053988,0.000006707668,0.1656639],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9940693,0.001233019,0.002593551,0.0002729072,0.0001706653,0.00001509475,0.000001309439,0.000006104221,0.001638009],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4301907,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8294181,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2028895867","doi":"10.1080/15614263.2014.958487","title":"High policing and access to information","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Police Practice and Research","topic":"Policing Practices and Perceptions","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Winnipeg; Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Sociology; Focus (optics); Public relations; Criminology; Political science; Public administration; Law","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1577861272046047,"gpt":0.5418817879399476,"spread":0.3840956607353429,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts","scholarly_communication"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00455264,0.0000623102,0.0000869701,0.0003135314,0.001467331,0.001167854,0.0001998008,0.00007754405,0.0000696448],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003807048,0.00005687232,0.00001076172,0.0005370327,0.0002010205,0.004205766,0.0002313294,0.0003333778,0.0001945902],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004424203,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001079033,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.781764,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.05238613,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980161,0.0007814584,0.0001341278,0.0001299072,0.0004972993,0.0004411193],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9967663,0.002381383,0.00005949018,0.0001454405,0.000302075,0.0003452688],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001229303,0.00007619287,0.004569033,0.00007005919,0.00003042653,4.109177e-7,0.534896,0.00002816022,0.0003977108,0.2135878,0.02468178,0.2215395],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000150174,0.00007966854,0.02826718,0.00001964883,0.00001259157,0.000005956307,0.02381801,0.00006210281,0.00002609795,0.0007060249,0.946752,0.000100602],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7194169,0.00001263847,0.000223526,0.1328737,0.0001071569,0.0003043358,0.000004479496,0.00004570962,0.1470116],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9903918,0.001049099,0.0006935504,0.006532114,0.0006465992,0.00002092533,0.000001842907,0.000005962258,0.000658096],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9220701,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999869,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3136439543","doi":"10.1080/15614263.2021.1900849","title":"Examining the impact of uniform manipulations on perceptions of police officers among Canadian university students","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Police Practice and Research","topic":"Policing Practices and Perceptions","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa; Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Officer; Helpfulness; Perception; Psychology; Social psychology; Duty; Legitimacy; Applied psychology; Public relations; Political science; Law","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1846967102801828,"gpt":0.493712183460306,"spread":0.3090154731801233,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002241546,0.00007283911,0.0001165166,0.0003372685,0.00168325,0.0001096961,0.0003248133,0.0000971214,0.00039737],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007984472,0.00006021085,0.00006182413,0.00114901,0.0006406142,0.0006074075,0.000109461,0.0004687854,0.00002304284],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003316209,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001981556,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9943582,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9517749,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974118,0.001240153,0.000145901,0.0001633581,0.0006239724,0.0004147982],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9960212,0.002623864,0.0001183359,0.0002794226,0.0006519986,0.0003052243],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009405492,0.0004886803,0.3764212,0.00002736839,0.0002887412,0.000006748573,0.59659,0.0007621419,0.0007619336,0.01948884,0.002963228,0.002106982],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001242106,0.00008515624,0.6382401,0.00002506518,0.00003777111,0.000003599543,0.3531877,0.00004132757,0.000005979323,0.00001619924,0.008179002,0.00005387302],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8367113,0.000008026991,0.000002699855,0.002860298,0.00002802953,0.0001478062,0.00004375909,0.000006661478,0.1601914],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9948776,0.0009974713,0.0000554812,0.00006724851,0.000107056,0.000001621519,0.000006585893,0.00000736542,0.003879505],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2618189,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996164,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2738180530","doi":"10.1080/15614263.2017.1351668","title":"Policing major events: perspectives from around the world","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Police Practice and Research","topic":"Sport and Mega-Event Impacts","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of the Fraser Valley","funders":"","keywords":"Political science; Sociology; Psychology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1638165977082258,"gpt":0.529487285638104,"spread":0.3656706879298782,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004353842,0.00008915406,0.0001159031,0.0001376588,0.005737292,0.0009324327,0.0006643534,0.00006554036,0.0002235684],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004995384,0.00006123264,0.00004249917,0.0002324428,0.0008405869,0.001485044,0.000259285,0.0005937996,0.0001361522],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001211563,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003476079,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.585997,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1851068,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9975379,0.0005891483,0.0001148832,0.0002448862,0.0008703689,0.0006427914],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9965714,0.002220965,0.0001423064,0.0005114874,0.000294473,0.0002593756],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003724833,0.0004288804,0.0435274,0.00001684819,0.0002962737,0.00003035655,0.5638781,5.993419e-7,0.001077145,0.3456748,0.02920438,0.01549277],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002885685,0.00002829508,0.06146762,0.00003881326,0.00003455752,0.000002779532,0.1567379,0.000004121541,0.0000973495,0.0037798,0.777412,0.0001082137],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6219281,0.0006139059,0.000001459438,0.1042164,0.0001523794,0.0002480294,0.000004315734,0.00001908313,0.2728163],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9697607,0.001343154,0.00007851294,0.0005085514,0.002280154,0.00001620416,0.000001087559,0.00001177851,0.02599993],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7482076,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9955571,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392109219","doi":"10.1080/15614263.2024.2318209","title":"Mental health disorder symptoms among serving Royal Canadian Mounted Police","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Police Practice and Research","topic":"Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research","field":"Psychology","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Canadian Institute for Public Safety Research and Treatment; University of Regina","funders":"","keywords":"Mental health; Stressor; Public health; Pandemic; Psychiatry; Medicine; Occupational safety and health; Population; Posttraumatic stress; Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Psychology; Environmental health; Nursing; Disease","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0728471197486644,"gpt":0.4925994615411411,"spread":0.4197523417924767,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.003385536,0.0002553108,0.0002724243,0.001192193,0.001006503,0.0007764361,0.0005669947,0.0002112427,0.002381152],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003544007,0.0002351348,0.00006563089,0.001343108,0.0004634713,0.0005682692,0.0003274049,0.001717898,0.001501127],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005000734,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001093878,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9851574,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.7377692,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9940742,0.001619934,0.0003963091,0.0007619489,0.001073143,0.002074471],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9960359,0.001874486,0.00005657427,0.0006308528,0.0002407777,0.001161446],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004245564,0.001070088,0.04487835,0.001355303,0.001690589,0.0002346394,0.3838671,0.00001497167,0.00008454328,0.04159864,0.3308062,0.1939751],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001262769,0.0006268269,0.09062885,0.0005152826,0.00004110176,0.0003234532,0.1310652,0.005915785,0.00001414977,0.0002732599,0.768724,0.0006092619],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6287378,0.0138929,0.0000166186,0.06727185,0.0005738966,0.00138591,0.0002015598,0.000194208,0.2877252],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9815091,0.00072659,0.00005948411,0.001182606,0.0003428899,0.0002122217,0.00005772756,0.00009597325,0.01581339],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4379178,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9992763,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4388975849","doi":"10.1080/15614263.2023.2282005","title":"Why are tactical officers responding to ‘routine’ calls? Using police data to examine the presence of risk factors during seemingly low risk incidents","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Police Practice and Research","topic":"Policing Practices and Perceptions","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council","keywords":"Criminology; Psychology; Business; Actuarial science; Computer security; Computer science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2774025748527443,"gpt":0.5213000335318516,"spread":0.2438974586791073,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01233319,0.0001989762,0.0002741991,0.001174888,0.003361315,0.0005681046,0.001419239,0.0001674184,0.00007309164],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0443109,0.0001586885,0.00005082486,0.005400654,0.0004730798,0.001903793,0.001976031,0.001231616,0.00012386],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001992949,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004061629,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.878609,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1543425,"domain_scores_codex":[0.991915,0.00400746,0.0004223599,0.0006617796,0.001795684,0.001197663],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9777879,0.01950772,0.0003845301,0.001085305,0.0005499349,0.0006846392],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007833785,0.000251609,0.09433513,0.0001065631,0.0002008703,0.00001403381,0.8807208,0.00120027,0.009933481,0.0003306628,0.01072769,0.001395529],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003647748,0.0001207879,0.398712,0.0002459839,0.0002108129,0.00001488208,0.5242763,0.001246474,0.0004019738,0.00001934387,0.07402179,0.0003648526],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9870508,0.00002537324,0.00003662759,0.01021615,0.0001790068,0.0006162508,0.000305763,0.0000692302,0.001500802],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9964453,0.001256058,0.0003880511,0.0004115731,0.0007165711,0.00001598998,0.000009777844,0.00003570331,0.0007209944],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7242665,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9979362,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3120761471","doi":"10.1080/15614263.2020.1869549","title":"Online Canadian police recruitment videos: do they focus on factors that potential employees consider when making career decisions?","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Police Practice and Research","topic":"Policing Practices and Perceptions","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Salient; Coding (social sciences); Public relations; Focus (optics); Psychology; Sociology; Political science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.4445148038381966,"gpt":0.5201639456118676,"spread":0.07564914177367105,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts","scholarly_communication"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002735784,0.0002099146,0.0002508422,0.0005997922,0.003085789,0.001223388,0.0003841995,0.0002766304,0.0007406657],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004040148,0.000182631,0.00009868063,0.000578462,0.0004002242,0.0009487385,0.0002450743,0.001101539,0.0001615184],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005317107,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002311103,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9873738,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9866754,"domain_scores_codex":[0.994183,0.00249682,0.0002791648,0.0005462855,0.001298392,0.001196307],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9909574,0.006878686,0.0001238255,0.0005186438,0.0007919069,0.0007294973],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002555071,0.001206071,0.01989708,0.00003480673,0.0005372998,0.0001603363,0.8332605,0.00004633355,0.0006248611,0.04291469,0.04353594,0.05752657],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003232724,0.0001090919,0.02235805,0.0001535795,0.00009583221,0.00003395464,0.3434847,0.000007528527,0.00008945425,0.004478069,0.628595,0.0002714065],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7198948,0.0006103948,0.00001444231,0.1356462,0.0005086338,0.0007694171,0.0001703408,0.00006619772,0.1423196],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9885527,0.004288142,0.0005374043,0.003274755,0.000582222,0.00003948646,0.00001839038,0.00003519732,0.002671629],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5850591,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998134,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2746222918","doi":"10.1080/15614263.2017.1364998","title":"The influence of job assignment on community engagement: bicycle patrol and community-oriented policing","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Police Practice and Research","topic":"Policing Practices and Perceptions","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Officer; Mandate; Law enforcement; Community policing; Unit (ring theory); Police department; State police; Perception; Engineering; Psychology; Business; Political science; Criminology; Law","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2680991245056626,"gpt":0.5291574191136084,"spread":0.2610582946079458,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.02220682,0.00009362258,0.0001286389,0.0001158002,0.03191652,0.0006235504,0.000716224,0.00008306531,0.00001160318],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01142921,0.00006997505,0.00002578448,0.000150373,0.002411865,0.0009600578,0.0006662169,0.002665892,0.00001591015],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007146862,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001501697,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.8760163,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1192901,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9865649,0.01194664,0.0001958058,0.0001120888,0.000687948,0.0004926424],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9810334,0.01729999,0.0002589896,0.0008680706,0.0003385814,0.0002009723],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002378004,0.0005508388,0.02956827,0.00007090883,0.0001051781,0.000001031637,0.9112085,0.00002614262,0.003006982,0.03751049,0.0006956304,0.0170183],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004004802,0.0004170718,0.5571011,0.00010453,0.00003906636,0.00000319316,0.3263633,0.00002674505,0.00009595676,0.00100241,0.1143248,0.000121372],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9087526,0.00003251608,0.00000254124,0.02015451,0.00004031356,0.0002660418,0.000009186198,0.00001381977,0.07072853],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9954752,0.003156278,0.00004584855,0.0005154472,0.0001257189,0.00002321334,7.79086e-7,0.000009042845,0.0006484356],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7567262,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999635,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2528127583","doi":"10.1080/15614263.2016.1242423","title":"The relation between interviewers’ personal characteristics and investigative interview performance in a child sexual abuse context","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Police Practice and Research","topic":"Deception detection and forensic psychology","field":"Psychology","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"Fonds de Recherche du Québec-Société et Culture","keywords":"Conscientiousness; Psychology; Agreeableness; Neuroticism; Child sexual abuse; Sexual abuse; Extraversion and introversion; Context (archaeology); Developmental psychology; Personality; Clinical psychology; Big Five personality traits; Social psychology; Poison control; Human factors and ergonomics; Medicine","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1654816702235425,"gpt":0.4297851977326699,"spread":0.2643035275091274,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003301514,0.0001188103,0.0001676301,0.0002201236,0.00033455,0.00007709607,0.000141055,0.0001384663,0.0001595908],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000684261,0.0000709769,0.0000191405,0.0002899279,0.001253107,0.0004501271,0.00009379067,0.0007341155,0.0003327575],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005039899,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000241852,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004746856,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005038964,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9973744,0.001388829,0.0003126529,0.0003351814,0.0002062072,0.0003827906],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9975172,0.001786551,0.0001348339,0.0002193149,0.0001965304,0.0001455683],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003899007,0.00008642548,0.03984212,0.00003656878,0.0001093989,0.000007618945,0.08522682,4.338462e-9,0.0001907623,0.003481551,0.001987709,0.8686411],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00107724,0.0004870677,0.7620474,0.0001522525,0.00001557936,0.0002102261,0.02610968,0.0000148932,0.00001751646,0.0001986346,0.2095422,0.0001272914],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9633921,0.0006815891,0.00005186984,0.02700774,0.000308048,0.0002682437,0.00001046574,0.00001925199,0.008260721],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.993615,0.002135693,0.00001479768,0.0008899791,0.0002211573,0.00006158066,0.000002890561,0.00001428559,0.00304464],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8685138,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4617126,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2479809335","doi":"10.1080/15614263.2016.1221518","title":"Leading policing in Europe: an empirical study of strategic police leadership","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Police Practice and Research","topic":"Policing Practices and Perceptions","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Strategic leadership; Empirical research; Political science; Public relations; Criminology; Business; Management; Sociology; Leadership style; Economics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.6442310392812545,"gpt":0.5957682166104589,"spread":0.0484628226707956,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.007182329,0.0001250649,0.0002218842,0.0006031895,0.0007320992,0.0001988377,0.0003944376,0.0001307108,0.0001153678],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001798334,0.00009323315,0.00002219345,0.001799966,0.0005543359,0.001816688,0.000131747,0.000624367,0.00009312008],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001167517,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004816552,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.8163345,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.4688313,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9930334,0.004468,0.0003361601,0.0003753913,0.0008861064,0.0009009477],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9940121,0.004665705,0.0001405194,0.00033011,0.0005000379,0.0003515879],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002086757,0.001488433,0.07486214,0.00003530189,0.0000336496,0.000007126133,0.9040902,0.000005331729,0.006244417,0.005842114,0.0004610338,0.006721554],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009129618,0.0008924312,0.06860876,0.00009595056,0.000031957,0.0000124882,0.9141743,0.00002218053,0.00005513619,0.0002000903,0.01477958,0.0002142168],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.908708,0.00002708121,0.000002648627,0.01847593,0.00004455758,0.0003260436,0.000003396374,0.0000298822,0.07238247],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9960673,0.0007386752,0.00005721849,0.0004548345,0.0005037968,0.00001668668,4.715519e-7,0.00002064892,0.002140324],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3475032,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5630789,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385614871","doi":"10.1080/15614263.2023.2237624","title":"Police lethal force errors and stress physiology during video and live evaluation simulations","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Police Practice and Research","topic":"Occupational Health and Performance","field":"Health Professions","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Observational study; Agency (philosophy); Deadly force; Variety (cybernetics); Stress (linguistics); Psychology; Computer science; Medicine; Criminology; Sociology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2814731470765656,"gpt":0.6147782617113018,"spread":0.3333051146347362,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002981499,0.0001082885,0.000151946,0.0003565738,0.00243302,0.00002677196,0.0000759804,0.0001798874,0.0001261502],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00146777,0.00009595539,0.00001160174,0.0005241451,0.0001822189,0.0006426414,0.0002626742,0.0009251836,0.0001860886],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007694802,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004029641,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02838049,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00493498,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9966202,0.001535838,0.0002896494,0.0003276379,0.0005239068,0.0007027423],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9917315,0.007012208,0.0001246692,0.0001857514,0.0006719112,0.0002740242],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.003961886,0.0003354753,0.5427531,0.008385808,0.000203305,0.000008311024,0.3959389,0.001515331,0.01696118,0.0043937,0.007399878,0.01814313],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001186889,0.0001335869,0.93821,0.0001539983,0.00002772632,0.000009798098,0.0299924,0.0258782,0.0000558639,0.0005602705,0.003658172,0.0001330927],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9892365,0.0003026975,0.000001374826,0.006706135,0.00010531,0.0008771797,0.00008749623,0.00004378996,0.002639467],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9954296,0.00186264,0.00007371337,0.0004896161,0.0005619989,0.0001516787,0.00006868863,0.0000172925,0.00134482],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3954569,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9988657,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408009043","doi":"10.1080/15614263.2025.2470447","title":"A measured response? Examining the use of specialty resources and tactics adopted by tactical officers","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Police Practice and Research","topic":"Healthcare Quality and Management","field":"Health Professions","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Specialty; Psychology; Applied psychology; Public relations; Social psychology; Political science; Sociology; Psychiatry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.4944115594225159,"gpt":0.5830380127701854,"spread":0.0886264533476695,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01733341,0.0001249296,0.0002585696,0.0002919635,0.001672808,0.00009148466,0.0001996118,0.0002334816,0.00004254131],"category_scores_gemma":[0.03111661,0.0000899791,0.0000215704,0.0007950494,0.0005065094,0.0004125979,0.0004998071,0.001870505,0.00001438363],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001333137,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008355265,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02246793,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001739224,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9840635,0.01357627,0.0005556294,0.0003366262,0.0007903922,0.0006775822],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9516077,0.0467509,0.0002070625,0.0004745984,0.0007452756,0.0002144811],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.02806002,0.0009514804,0.01752727,0.004262179,0.0008170378,0.00003260766,0.2130069,0.000005297562,0.006052971,0.04687057,0.6167434,0.06567018],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005367452,0.0002066954,0.01775645,0.0002084435,0.00005472366,0.000002202687,0.0899708,0.00005920684,0.00005211693,0.00007015956,0.8910062,0.00007627687],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.76266,0.001052682,0.0001830284,0.2154381,0.0002142419,0.001651116,0.00003969013,0.00004897169,0.01871224],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9786214,0.003141152,0.0007547018,0.008369334,0.0001976641,0.0001053747,0.000005529579,0.00002222123,0.008782619],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2742628,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996269,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2734541753","doi":"10.1080/15614263.2017.1351664","title":"Trends in policing: interviews with police leaders across the globe","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Police Practice and Research","topic":"Policing Practices and Perceptions","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Royal Canadian Mounted Police","funders":"","keywords":"Globe; Criminology; Public relations; Sociology; Political science; Psychology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.3598261943847225,"gpt":0.591343851621247,"spread":0.2315176572365246,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts","scholarly_communication"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.007572803,0.0001416172,0.0001838623,0.0002396424,0.005801826,0.001546789,0.0009975197,0.0001379206,0.0001312431],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001195508,0.00009215255,0.00004887966,0.000660451,0.002597052,0.002053282,0.0003695497,0.001112689,0.0001088214],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001290073,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002236846,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9737782,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9104297,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9960486,0.001509321,0.0002113995,0.0003302062,0.0007890135,0.00111141],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9965624,0.001958206,0.0002097863,0.0007624539,0.0002395312,0.0002676275],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001487773,0.0001374853,0.009726948,0.00001560628,0.00003590579,0.000004128359,0.9117571,0.000003313393,0.00008488473,0.005019979,0.006012663,0.06705327],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003572134,0.0000976104,0.08753351,0.00005059692,0.00001764793,0.00002448245,0.4187071,0.00002019322,0.00001102702,0.00007076894,0.4929752,0.0001346736],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5194935,0.00007886362,0.000003612735,0.1975307,0.00008282834,0.0002115666,0.00000891992,0.00002465586,0.2825654],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9855794,0.002212967,0.00007915621,0.001924944,0.0009307568,0.00004046395,0.000001440676,0.00001869819,0.009212147],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4930499,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994897,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2260914585","doi":"10.1080/15614263.2015.1109390","title":"Reflections on the nature of policing and its development","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Police Practice and Research","topic":"Policing Practices and Perceptions","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Sociology; Political science; Engineering ethics; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.4250307361029093,"gpt":0.6021255632449498,"spread":0.1770948271420405,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005348832,0.00005610891,0.0000728835,0.0001578862,0.001359951,0.0001283609,0.0001410992,0.0001157222,0.00003078354],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004157149,0.00003834547,0.00001152601,0.0005089961,0.000249047,0.0004018141,0.0001000906,0.0007682923,0.00004091374],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000650107,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004965987,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1490167,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.03117548,"domain_scores_codex":[0.997889,0.0009543441,0.0001137152,0.0001351272,0.0006010035,0.0003067755],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9960156,0.003155259,0.00006713675,0.0001196919,0.0004416565,0.0002006724],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009062381,0.0001384497,0.0003304595,0.00001950836,0.00004635935,8.251635e-7,0.6770693,0.000003705455,0.0009969044,0.3092354,0.007637385,0.004431136],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001266849,0.00009372411,0.003260647,0.00003430324,0.00001406714,0.00001065376,0.1693034,0.00001507626,0.0003692999,0.0005541609,0.8261441,0.00007384422],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5888965,0.0002008787,0.000001958809,0.07896663,0.00007145238,0.0001957282,0.000002185685,0.00001520802,0.3316495],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.994082,0.001330495,0.0002034501,0.001337047,0.000299671,0.00001521273,4.580785e-7,0.000006260747,0.00272537],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8185067,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999402,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3039297980","doi":"10.1080/15614263.2020.1786690","title":"Resistance to evidence-based policing: Canadian police executives’ perceptions as to which level of Canadian policing is most resistant","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Police Practice and Research","topic":"Health Policy Implementation Science","field":"Health Professions","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"The King's University; Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Resistance (ecology); Criminology; Perception; Psychology; Community policing; Political science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.8371594456086825,"gpt":0.6902492057831158,"spread":0.1469102398255667,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.007395052,0.0003033554,0.0004773969,0.00403453,0.003746024,0.0001391608,0.0009341537,0.0002672565,0.0009185283],"category_scores_gemma":[0.03228093,0.0003094784,0.00004687788,0.01214208,0.0002307019,0.0009026853,0.0003081238,0.001591945,0.001660023],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001948561,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.03206432,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9993764,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.998786,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9897594,0.003391638,0.001163839,0.0009089212,0.001658961,0.003117216],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9776303,0.008960319,0.0002913927,0.0008502985,0.003784735,0.008482982],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005165224,0.00002641284,0.007936934,0.0005898317,0.00003054521,0.000008820558,0.5273592,0.00002166862,0.01397138,0.004730445,0.4444391,0.0003691507],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006284952,0.0005380026,0.09043782,0.00103759,0.00003134705,0.000004845009,0.1551809,0.0000693835,0.000975204,0.00004433093,0.7506161,0.0004360135],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2435904,0.00002936549,0.0000547052,0.7069625,0.00007765245,0.002077388,0.001021903,0.00003288293,0.04615319],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7047027,0.0001727946,0.002135908,0.2895828,0.000465572,0.0002349182,0.000006188354,0.00004834316,0.002650815],"genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4611122,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999948,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4398239982","doi":"10.1080/15614263.2024.2342782","title":"Child sexual exploitation material offenses: differences in individual and case characteristics based on how they came to attention of police","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Police Practice and Research","topic":"Sex work and related issues","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Government of Ontario; Royal Ottawa Mental Health Centre","funders":"Ontario Mental Health Foundation","keywords":"Psychology; Criminology; Sexual assault; Developmental psychology; Human factors and ergonomics; Poison control; Medical emergency; Medicine","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.09909528360063374,"gpt":0.4221147425675159,"spread":0.3230194589668822,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002253332,0.00009599903,0.0001483311,0.0004942155,0.0003991831,0.0005500798,0.0001024683,0.0001434551,0.00002559912],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009085021,0.00007685761,0.00001401374,0.0005037367,0.0002270751,0.0003990357,0.00006698823,0.0003860664,0.0000104485],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003985615,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001174436,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.08783368,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004782438,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976745,0.0009632865,0.0001636887,0.0002671476,0.0005992937,0.000332061],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977472,0.001807078,0.00005140128,0.0001014575,0.0001479111,0.000144997],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000618265,0.0004244483,0.008712901,0.0003680665,0.00009886241,0.0002653267,0.950541,0.00000267311,0.002095505,0.002943967,0.0007311963,0.03319783],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006883955,0.001420228,0.06804129,0.0008886067,0.0001137922,0.0001469812,0.9127452,0.0007125962,0.0003643179,0.0002157936,0.01426102,0.0004017639],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9815781,0.0001234613,0.000003585343,0.01540009,0.0001878862,0.000330011,0.00003193843,0.00002452957,0.002320437],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984714,0.0005132295,0.00007441636,0.0001309853,0.0003850417,0.00002458046,0.00001071738,0.00001131715,0.0003783318],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08305124,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9182405,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4307291627","doi":"10.1080/15614263.2022.2132250","title":"‘Poisoned Chalice?’: the challenges of forensic science and technology for homicide investigations","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Police Practice and Research","topic":"Crime Patterns and Interventions","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Calgary Laboratory Services; Royal Canadian Mounted Police; University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Homicide; Criminology; Economic shortage; Resource (disambiguation); Face (sociological concept); Work (physics); Sociology; Psychology; Poison control; Human factors and ergonomics; Engineering; Social science; Computer science; Medicine; Medical emergency","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2356036329749484,"gpt":0.5074403331294424,"spread":0.2718367001544939,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.006581238,0.0000380309,0.00006979028,0.0003365256,0.003209038,0.00006962436,0.0003121864,0.00002701879,0.00003180622],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003565912,0.00003004001,0.00001678796,0.0009077974,0.002785943,0.000277793,0.0003695229,0.0002612165,0.00000107706],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005407274,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003187022,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02174237,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005117618,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985605,0.0003238891,0.0001140926,0.0001750685,0.000536678,0.0002897668],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976466,0.001355134,0.00007267849,0.0001606134,0.0006968745,0.00006806507],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002102656,0.00009746496,0.0007215461,0.00003205796,0.0000174613,3.469409e-7,0.05923546,6.222528e-7,0.003893039,0.9028016,0.002561655,0.03061771],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002915118,0.0004313767,0.002263569,0.00002304937,0.00002873162,0.00001839836,0.5917339,0.0001577581,0.002535661,0.02508688,0.3773364,0.00009274665],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6074964,0.003392302,0.0000153843,0.368561,0.00008467187,0.0006666374,0.00002135043,0.00001947361,0.01974273],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977968,0.00118895,0.0002559272,0.0001808778,0.00006275807,0.0001966791,4.468356e-7,0.000004547102,0.0003130251],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8777148,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999279,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4289712007","doi":"10.1080/15614263.2022.2105333","title":"Policing while pregnant: examining the need for standardized pregnancy-related work accommodations for women in policing","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Police Practice and Research","topic":"Pregnancy-related medical research","field":"Medicine","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Pregnancy; Officer; Medicine; Psychology; Active duty; Work (physics); Family medicine; Nursing; Political science; Military personnel; Law","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1269541246743677,"gpt":0.4420704235869969,"spread":0.3151162989126292,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01196172,0.0002438242,0.0005363676,0.000969092,0.001977559,0.00016178,0.0005309337,0.0001943908,0.0001801334],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01567381,0.0001881804,0.0001015731,0.002733383,0.0003739682,0.0004469932,0.0008483033,0.002665092,0.000008444858],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001102785,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00157211,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004664529,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002256127,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9935837,0.001345174,0.0006734031,0.0006352742,0.001628372,0.002134016],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.982049,0.0157418,0.0002010751,0.0007480644,0.0006624724,0.0005975787],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.02203959,0.003676739,0.01215418,0.003227458,0.002141994,0.0001588112,0.3355489,0.0007525619,0.01690515,0.01701006,0.01951887,0.5668656],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0787774,0.01473016,0.02997797,0.03267476,0.00098633,0.000887826,0.401454,0.01926371,0.003893281,0.01552019,0.3994513,0.002383149],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7549154,0.02254425,0.0009548526,0.1353254,0.0005731299,0.02620174,0.0003933871,0.0003778934,0.05871391],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9791461,0.00282286,0.0008459612,0.0008578147,0.0002350734,0.007778146,0.00006317547,0.0001178004,0.008133085],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5644825,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996358,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4411968687","doi":"10.1080/15614263.2025.2523522","title":"‘The name of the game’: policing perspectives on cybercrime disruption","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Police Practice and Research","topic":"Cybercrime and Law Enforcement Studies","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Cybercrime; Criminology; Computer security; Political science; Sociology; Computer science; The Internet; World Wide Web","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04179635018107146,"gpt":0.4199447745064961,"spread":0.3781484243254247,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001752977,0.00008264997,0.00009618188,0.0001211692,0.001061101,0.0002074135,0.0006309135,0.00003520306,0.000002600377],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001177116,0.00004450042,0.00004814081,0.0006945246,0.0003678504,0.0003592512,0.0008018803,0.000414364,0.00001549071],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006787023,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001082573,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0241618,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007874725,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982973,0.0004513901,0.000164753,0.0002353654,0.0005158036,0.0003353718],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9962711,0.002754057,0.00005388075,0.0005577751,0.0003265093,0.00003670583],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004843019,0.00009466217,0.000259066,0.000021159,0.00007351523,4.97537e-7,0.02767562,0.000006112109,0.0007064781,0.9468597,0.003787175,0.02046754],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001197452,0.0006043844,0.09589979,0.000395255,0.00008818734,0.00002792805,0.1224234,0.001474479,0.01372232,0.01356661,0.7502187,0.0003813934],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2730122,0.004869613,0.001585896,0.1723357,0.0004039575,0.0008422286,0.000002611764,0.00006894798,0.5468788],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9915825,0.00239685,0.00009222751,0.0005059047,0.00007156645,0.00002041587,9.623894e-8,0.000003785423,0.005326697],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9332931,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9823364,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385949575","doi":"10.1080/15614263.2023.2246620","title":"In the eye of the powerholder: examining the relationship between uniform and accoutrement combinations and police self-legitimacy","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Police Practice and Research","topic":"Policing Practices and Perceptions","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"Griffith University","keywords":"Legitimacy; Officer; Perception; Certificate; Sample (material); Social psychology; Psychology; Test (biology); Political science; Public relations; Sociology; Law; Politics; Computer science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.3212496677749525,"gpt":0.5255985646581991,"spread":0.2043488968832466,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.008703823,0.00007313977,0.00008899052,0.0001924493,0.002478438,0.0003238932,0.0003404913,0.00007448043,0.00001313153],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002418877,0.00004148725,0.00001788464,0.001444486,0.0006497554,0.0008445411,0.0002564616,0.0006743371,0.00001431179],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004025371,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001943932,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.2711061,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.03228763,"domain_scores_codex":[0.996734,0.001894322,0.0001893951,0.0001580872,0.0006541942,0.0003700215],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9806453,0.01876102,0.0001155713,0.0002592542,0.0001447207,0.00007411643],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008913456,0.00008965668,0.2929977,0.00003338499,0.0000263891,4.606333e-7,0.641766,0.000001293312,0.0000280364,0.06109473,0.002134413,0.00181906],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001714202,0.00002983505,0.7266698,0.00002660617,0.00003263109,0.00000340563,0.1987534,0.0000226487,0.000002598329,0.001471374,0.07276733,0.00004891165],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7983208,0.00004731695,7.125914e-7,0.1551887,0.00003098803,0.0004383666,0.00001019001,0.00001648164,0.04594643],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9962775,0.001373273,0.00003125963,0.000699561,0.0001988648,0.00003849205,0.000001736595,0.000007254523,0.001372111],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4430126,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9988202,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3110263114","doi":"10.1080/15614263.2020.1848564","title":"Post-traumatic effects in policing: exploring disclosure, coping and social support","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Police Practice and Research","topic":"Policing Practices and Perceptions","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Coping (psychology); Officer; Psychology; Social support; Feeling; Distress; Psychological distress; Social psychology; Clinical psychology; Psychiatry; Mental health; Political science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.3085491379881425,"gpt":0.5016724103762299,"spread":0.1931232723880874,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002737769,0.0001098115,0.0001950858,0.0002118577,0.001317369,0.0003790056,0.0001687503,0.0001027832,0.00005468314],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002282567,0.0001064842,0.00002882127,0.0005917044,0.0003847129,0.001625432,0.0001823253,0.0007571313,0.00006545119],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006895345,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002395852,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.4324168,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0448502,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9969264,0.001304437,0.0002068677,0.0002840638,0.0005939689,0.0006842659],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9960865,0.003286374,0.00007708446,0.00009006808,0.0001500929,0.0003098521],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007542965,0.00008136251,0.005709853,0.0002535494,0.00002260925,0.00001095462,0.969606,0.000001056353,0.001130429,0.01310083,0.0007692478,0.00923864],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001143674,0.000559202,0.1245785,0.0001307435,0.0000785993,0.00002541309,0.6669025,0.0001346923,0.00009350431,0.000408737,0.2054843,0.0004600752],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8394588,0.0000646568,0.00001036753,0.1353144,0.00005810902,0.0003511187,0.000005051293,0.00004176057,0.02469567],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.993489,0.001539593,0.0001513554,0.003759422,0.0007864033,0.0000501067,0.00000257638,0.00001736373,0.0002042288],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3875666,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999828,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4207032537","doi":"10.1080/15614263.2021.2014330","title":"Stress and the interpretation of ambiguous faces in police officers","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Police Practice and Research","topic":"Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology; Stress (linguistics); Task (project management); Interpretation (philosophy); Social psychology; Occupational stress; Relevance (law); Applied psychology; Cognitive psychology; Control (management); Expression (computer science); Scale (ratio); Computer science; Political science; Engineering; Artificial intelligence","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2081726436344284,"gpt":0.499827593784091,"spread":0.2916549501496626,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001132394,0.00006229601,0.0001177387,0.000164419,0.0004234617,0.00003889707,0.0001895516,0.00001994983,0.00001596473],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005567183,0.00004055019,0.00001559639,0.0004709284,0.0008470062,0.0002265996,0.0004430914,0.0005620049,0.000002913418],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001661542,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002512968,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03524756,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008519938,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976429,0.001378552,0.0001474487,0.0002374047,0.0003671155,0.0002265515],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977891,0.001930198,0.00007498354,0.0001226993,0.0000497065,0.00003326003],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.01519829,0.00240189,0.02136878,0.0003689228,0.00007296634,0.00009929685,0.4202059,0.0002995467,0.3946982,0.00824865,0.002792173,0.1342454],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01238627,0.003694106,0.1031576,0.0001499956,0.0001764534,0.0008155383,0.7138088,0.002768629,0.1363342,0.002487325,0.02333954,0.0008814716],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9815528,0.0002953598,4.634823e-7,0.0132383,0.00005780114,0.0002515198,0.0000146288,0.000007225284,0.004581916],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979528,0.0007734435,0.000005848609,0.0008476253,0.0000176466,0.00005767663,3.553268e-7,0.000005019775,0.0003396343],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2936029,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9711768,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4252640900","doi":"10.1080/15614263.2014.972611","title":"Introduction to the special issue","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Police Practice and Research","topic":"Policing Practices and Perceptions","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Political science; Engineering ethics; Psychology; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1095752241922234,"gpt":0.5102013549738909,"spread":0.4006261307816674,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.008527552,0.00005317614,0.00006505138,0.0001246442,0.002041662,0.0004140816,0.0002394822,0.00006191451,0.00145522],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005944628,0.00003810864,0.0000184508,0.0006126943,0.000287673,0.0005949014,0.0001099638,0.0004762353,0.003314425],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005008027,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001019242,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.277999,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.06786784,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9968225,0.001832279,0.00009791853,0.0002020125,0.000613615,0.0004316596],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9968856,0.002326639,0.00003817588,0.0002492362,0.000290346,0.0002100129],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003933303,0.00004196116,0.00005147938,0.00000368564,0.000008096832,1.432951e-7,0.161707,0.000006586621,0.0001003937,0.0342239,0.7355916,0.06822591],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004899728,0.00006312616,0.00109556,0.000002755896,0.000009890213,0.000004873265,0.04285423,0.0000151431,0.00001157596,0.0002419298,0.9555996,0.00005229516],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"editorial","genre_scores_codex":[0.01217043,0.00001186841,0.00003819183,0.5802236,0.0004553741,0.0001876356,0.000001208107,0.00001879394,0.4068929],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.4051078,0.003050249,0.001129809,0.01423604,0.45133,0.0000667883,0.00000358989,0.0000306995,0.1250451],"genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5659876,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994576,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4388637981","doi":"10.1080/15614263.2023.2281999","title":"The governance gap: examining the capacity of police service boards to hold police services accountable in Canada","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Police Practice and Research","topic":"Policing Practices and Perceptions","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"McMaster University; Carleton University; Wilfrid Laurier University","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council","keywords":"Accountability; Corporate governance; Misconduct; Legitimacy; Public relations; Service (business); Generalizability theory; Political science; Police science; Business; Public administration; Psychology; Law; Politics; Criminal justice; Marketing","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1974359112168086,"gpt":0.4542859449403857,"spread":0.2568500337235771,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.008434472,0.0001513139,0.0002006513,0.0001473765,0.002418604,0.0004337903,0.001104977,0.00009961428,0.00004584296],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007775988,0.0001053684,0.00002620495,0.003777495,0.0002975877,0.001081736,0.0004865632,0.000873249,0.0001211657],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004917773,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002245004,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9999583,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9998817,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9951532,0.001358113,0.0003448064,0.0003323912,0.001606862,0.001204663],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9889619,0.009363103,0.0002215342,0.0005528999,0.0006116561,0.0002888695],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001916397,0.00008830333,0.01971076,0.0001900097,0.00007841273,0.000002572605,0.9425088,0.000330343,0.001758467,0.007506461,0.02252297,0.005111321],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001436012,0.00003264523,0.1247497,0.00007221589,0.00001702665,0.000005289538,0.4182642,0.0002438637,0.00005120423,0.00006310082,0.456222,0.0001352751],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8657182,0.00009170927,2.831552e-7,0.07551023,0.0001690844,0.0004040299,0.00005553825,0.00002569754,0.05802519],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9874409,0.00467224,0.00003363992,0.004817292,0.0004916416,0.00007917894,0.000002024575,0.00002113486,0.002441969],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5242445,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9988801,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2072439276","doi":"10.1080/15614263.2012.674300","title":"Myth and reality: interpreting the dynamics of crime trends: lies, damn lies and (criminal) statistics","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Police Practice and Research","topic":"Crime Patterns and Interventions","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Royal Canadian Mounted Police","funders":"","keywords":"Cognitive dissonance; Funnel; Statistics; Crime statistics; Criminal behavior; Criminology; Psychology; Law; Political science; Sociology; Social psychology; Mathematics; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1821689155578199,"gpt":0.5309969636985391,"spread":0.3488280481407192,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003897329,0.00006882467,0.0001120772,0.0001268182,0.0007453206,0.0002190595,0.0001259467,0.00005487566,0.0001067541],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00189819,0.00005030568,0.00001941927,0.0001945438,0.0009459926,0.0004992865,0.0002502193,0.0003346371,0.000003159578],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003783599,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005135534,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1210419,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01149493,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981236,0.0008274696,0.0001825421,0.000133201,0.000364591,0.0003685311],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9968472,0.002541058,0.00009598672,0.0001419919,0.0002301772,0.0001436337],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001159105,0.0003196573,0.016091,0.0003131847,0.0001214634,0.000002223396,0.384035,1.308534e-7,0.0001352442,0.3831651,0.02212857,0.1935725],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002520308,0.0003035731,0.03190826,0.0001729162,0.0001988352,0.00003462562,0.7159753,0.0006604114,0.00008541462,0.001985899,0.2482219,0.0002008165],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6259959,0.0105712,0.00158685,0.08539394,0.0003304534,0.0005373747,0.0004024625,0.00004708882,0.2751348],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9923637,0.004037351,0.0004935107,0.000181199,0.0001741491,0.000008810462,0.000006678618,0.000008297654,0.00272634],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3811792,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8848112,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4376104326","doi":"10.1080/15614263.2023.2210726","title":"The price tag of police body-worn cameras: officers’ and citizens’ perceptions about costs","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Police Practice and Research","topic":"Policing Practices and Perceptions","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal; International Centre for Comparative Criminology; École Nationale d'Administration Publique","funders":"","keywords":"Accountability; Perception; Transparency (behavior); Public relations; Phone; Public support; Skepticism; Psychology; Accounting; Business; Political science; Law","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.09907048750438745,"gpt":0.4891312246081522,"spread":0.3900607371037648,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.006924855,0.0001323219,0.000178045,0.0003285166,0.004239376,0.0005090697,0.0003721401,0.0001603775,0.0001390949],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002813446,0.0001044364,0.000053477,0.001693596,0.001682993,0.0008090231,0.0002948079,0.0007862226,0.0002813599],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001161229,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005232436,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.6012362,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.06415084,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9956976,0.00176517,0.0002918651,0.0003221857,0.0009980525,0.0009251586],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9870766,0.01136816,0.0001722365,0.0003596844,0.0006487633,0.0003745676],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002735612,0.0002122636,0.003196207,0.00009907997,0.0001707321,0.000003630747,0.839537,0.000005956747,0.003933141,0.05215312,0.06514113,0.03527424],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002329759,0.00009548441,0.05530155,0.0000447975,0.00004591482,0.00001419777,0.3958114,0.00007913553,0.00001174881,0.0001443381,0.5480788,0.0001396883],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7308382,0.0003424947,0.000005587146,0.04660172,0.0001605093,0.0005336074,0.00004529242,0.00009826384,0.2213744],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9365436,0.05030897,0.0001004779,0.0006337088,0.0006640989,0.00005643322,0.000006053371,0.00002395352,0.0116627],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5370854,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.997057,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4248768060","doi":"10.1080/777308109","title":"Restorative policing in Canada: the royal Canadian mounted police, community justice forums, and the youth criminal justice act","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Police Practice and Research","topic":"Criminal Justice and Corrections Analysis","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Restorative justice; Criminal justice; Criminology; Community policing; Economic Justice; Political science; Police science; Sociology; Law","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1052173230853108,"gpt":0.4224618414005833,"spread":0.3172445183152725,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.009665918,0.0001681896,0.0002339491,0.0003495571,0.007667823,0.0004606456,0.0004814306,0.0001021169,0.00003633584],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008243934,0.0001121591,0.00003887543,0.001529288,0.001162254,0.0004090411,0.0001318427,0.002002659,0.000008070854],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001158922,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.006709269,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.999992,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9999869,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9898192,0.00779885,0.0002841447,0.000246085,0.0008228422,0.001028899],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9880912,0.01029635,0.0001215172,0.0004118799,0.0006264598,0.0004525548],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002881775,0.00007326451,0.001507557,0.00009375341,0.00008741984,0.00001227688,0.9612847,0.0001510357,0.00000432874,0.03172235,0.001617175,0.003157945],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004001843,0.00003764014,0.002353833,0.00002914877,0.001163698,0.0000164111,0.9771296,0.000689807,0.00000447978,0.00006485944,0.01797174,0.0001386407],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8911474,0.000585083,0.00001308792,0.01404897,0.0001701127,0.0004466291,0.00002368305,0.00001050319,0.09355448],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9950179,0.001330927,0.00003040333,0.002706175,0.0002463117,0.00003471185,0.000003336698,0.00001394687,0.0006162914],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1038704,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9989218,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2905000580","doi":"10.1080/15614263.2018.1555479","title":"Modifying the ‘how’ of an arrest: reducing the interacting effects of childhood exposure to intimate partner violence and parental arrest","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Police Practice and Research","topic":"Intimate Partner and Family Violence","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Royal Canadian Mounted Police; Kwantlen Polytechnic University; University of the Fraser Valley","funders":"","keywords":"Domestic violence; Harm; Psychosocial; Psychology; Adverse Childhood Experiences; Developmental psychology; Poison control; Human factors and ergonomics; Suicide prevention; Cycle of violence; Early childhood; Injury prevention; Social psychology; Clinical psychology; Medicine; Medical emergency; Psychiatry; Mental health","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04975055526333758,"gpt":0.4337931098182023,"spread":0.3840425545548647,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004736921,0.0001150514,0.0001674078,0.0001098118,0.001451695,0.0002599227,0.0004668817,0.00006993236,0.000008446847],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004166519,0.00006966957,0.00002915134,0.0005091346,0.001329415,0.0007522365,0.0003525083,0.0005046554,0.000008214],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002367372,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001267173,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02238878,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005114058,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9968468,0.001454185,0.0002192239,0.0002987873,0.0006632273,0.0005178039],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9950081,0.003875816,0.0001660309,0.0003417105,0.0004456135,0.0001627407],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004891329,0.0005571147,0.009125955,0.0004360442,0.0001510894,0.00001126118,0.7887992,0.00004177754,0.0448419,0.01192395,0.0006979905,0.1429246],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001088998,0.002495374,0.1868926,0.004868276,0.0001949621,0.00005353243,0.7218778,0.002028838,0.07018685,0.001803557,0.007824381,0.0006847908],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9894649,0.0005122455,0.00002729391,0.002048841,0.0003519221,0.0005579371,0.000003212016,0.00001425499,0.007019349],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978001,0.001143146,0.0002565837,0.0001945072,0.0005224099,0.00003765155,6.102543e-7,0.00001185269,0.00003313786],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1777667,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998483,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2749913841","doi":"10.1080/15614263.2017.1363970","title":"The mandate and activities of a specialized crime reduction policing unit in Canada","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Police Practice and Research","topic":"Policing Practices and Perceptions","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of the Fraser Valley; Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Mandate; Unit (ring theory); Context (archaeology); Terminology; Public relations; Criminology; State police; Political science; Sociology; Law enforcement; Psychology; Law; Geography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1908189050314294,"gpt":0.5137662622005377,"spread":0.3229473571691083,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003546054,0.00005662731,0.0001059403,0.0001015338,0.003485616,0.0004427717,0.0002353972,0.00004465445,0.00002243459],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001992912,0.00004411081,0.00001126585,0.0001429492,0.0008208918,0.000809419,0.0001464195,0.0003926745,0.000001701324],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001067018,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001366835,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9997807,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9987624,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980169,0.0008715905,0.0001405367,0.0001307491,0.0004501321,0.0003901135],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.997097,0.002233781,0.000166156,0.0002488346,0.0001423621,0.0001118748],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001096473,0.0001783453,0.0510425,0.0001410342,0.0001500438,0.00001263174,0.6417214,0.000006425309,0.007569378,0.1257095,0.00467399,0.1676984],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004753782,0.00005973826,0.2712313,0.00007146251,0.00002863995,0.00002228677,0.4065308,0.00004201056,0.0003270201,0.0009860737,0.3200856,0.0001396381],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8608356,0.00009564185,4.159936e-7,0.02927259,0.0001116877,0.0001555498,0.000005319678,0.000003620989,0.1095196],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.986124,0.01107869,0.00003282148,0.0000700295,0.0003524615,0.000008864219,3.445824e-7,0.000005617647,0.002327131],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3154116,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9978117,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4403315825","doi":"10.1080/15614263.2024.2414314","title":"Understanding and addressing sexual- and gender-based harassment and discrimination among Royal Canadian Mounted Police","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Police Practice and Research","topic":"Sexual Assault and Victimization Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Harassment; Criminology; Political science; Psychology; Sexual assault; Sociology; Social psychology; Human factors and ergonomics; Poison control; Medicine; Environmental health","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.4336231427626174,"gpt":0.5175723791893532,"spread":0.08394923642673574,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts","scholarly_communication"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002061414,0.0001012901,0.0001063106,0.0003953599,0.0020698,0.001176549,0.0000509375,0.00009955691,0.00002059329],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004635073,0.00009058796,0.000007061314,0.0004069441,0.0006637457,0.000659924,0.00007518509,0.0003148582,0.000002129673],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002629854,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003421246,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.7094921,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.5761634,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981634,0.0004782373,0.0001204782,0.0003158638,0.0004836556,0.0004383833],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.997816,0.001572872,0.00003113153,0.00006517242,0.0001656776,0.0003491612],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001176351,0.0001049813,0.05844549,0.000986253,0.0003107573,0.00003942283,0.8377504,0.00003440928,0.0003124496,0.06635265,0.01287381,0.02267169],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005315816,0.0001388268,0.04069161,0.0001428576,0.0001346774,0.00001009382,0.88446,0.0238162,0.00001996226,0.00104838,0.04866373,0.0003421215],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.852391,0.005584438,0.0007887875,0.04649923,0.0002144728,0.0007435727,0.00003829811,0.0001173299,0.09362287],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9971246,0.001103173,0.0001270186,0.000261533,0.000190209,0.00001702945,0.000005818692,0.00001275218,0.00115784],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1447336,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998603,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392514913","doi":"10.1080/15614263.2024.2325700","title":"What are the most important components of a police uniform? Qualitative insight from a sample of Canadians","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Police Practice and Research","topic":"Policing Practices and Perceptions","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Barrie Urology Group; Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Sample (material); Qualitative research; Criminology; Psychology; Sociology; Political science; Public relations; Social science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2192182634200949,"gpt":0.5212139547328378,"spread":0.301995691312743,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00450794,0.00009402997,0.0001830724,0.000248071,0.0007387627,0.0003913209,0.0003181757,0.0001002067,0.0001512377],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001994207,0.00006685964,0.00004931925,0.001117429,0.0009088586,0.001568017,0.0001143301,0.0005594283,0.00002030356],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009893622,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007873417,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9961302,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.8779109,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9962063,0.0020003,0.00032253,0.000214155,0.0008183334,0.0004383754],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9816867,0.01717393,0.0001939687,0.000261183,0.0004607383,0.0002235248],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004963252,0.00008090776,0.0004865292,0.00005213502,0.0001179397,0.000002171554,0.9788088,0.000001688233,0.0008267694,0.01634838,0.001865187,0.001359899],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008183409,0.00005055819,0.00209502,0.0001638108,0.00004726273,0.000002620277,0.7335258,0.0001119102,0.0000410369,0.001165833,0.2626447,0.00006956487],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8981066,0.002353703,0.000017211,0.07903107,0.0002968372,0.0004508234,0.0006721336,0.00002521566,0.01904634],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9835892,0.01457353,0.0001717475,0.0005964359,0.0002979766,0.00001891703,0.00001915765,0.00001368911,0.0007193672],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2607795,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.568204,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385070526","doi":"10.1080/15614263.2023.2221075","title":"Replicating & reproducing policing research","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Police Practice and Research","topic":"Crime Patterns and Interventions","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Sociology; Political science; Process management; Business","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.602741425468243,"gpt":0.6700849112598037,"spread":0.06734348579156069,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch"],"category_scores_codex":[0.03958675,0.00007319099,0.0001174522,0.0007921126,0.003967115,0.0005842115,0.0003797041,0.00009703823,0.0004036734],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02238809,0.0000709798,0.00005042683,0.002998965,0.0006192488,0.0006427771,0.0005634215,0.001112401,0.001628076],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013668,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002356479,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.4417772,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02077088,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9939667,0.00264882,0.0002567469,0.0005876719,0.001400965,0.001139111],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9928476,0.005030224,0.00006375559,0.000679414,0.001111496,0.0002675141],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007591723,0.0002949355,0.01176944,0.0001908899,0.00008543787,0.00002232005,0.4047659,0.00000600163,0.01676233,0.07589494,0.410879,0.07925288],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001036184,0.00005344236,0.004752571,0.0001090666,0.000006701694,0.000009841387,0.1163409,0.00003851549,0.0003330079,0.00179388,0.87635,0.0001084195],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6013182,0.0002271935,0.00001651607,0.0832568,0.0001117323,0.0003952587,0.000003933451,0.000167987,0.3145024],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9486491,0.001987038,0.0003447322,0.0002201003,0.00147658,0.00009367367,0.000005896096,0.00002640694,0.04719645],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.465471,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9991493,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3194041222","doi":"10.1080/15614263.2021.1958682","title":"Adverse outcomes in non-fatal use of force encounters involving excited delirium syndrome","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Police Practice and Research","topic":"Restraint-Related Deaths","field":"Medicine","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; Carleton University; University of Calgary; Royal Canadian Mounted Police","funders":"","keywords":"Odds; Odds ratio; Logistic regression; Medicine; Adverse effect; Psychological intervention; Injury prevention; Law enforcement; Poison control; Human factors and ergonomics; Psychology; Demography; Emergency medicine; Psychiatry; Internal medicine; Political science; Sociology; Law","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.08083459775103155,"gpt":0.4180415184448177,"spread":0.3372069206937861,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001253515,0.0001359986,0.0003520638,0.0005550644,0.00007889418,0.00005477065,0.0001066648,0.000179614,0.00007132669],"category_scores_gemma":[0.009332212,0.0001177103,0.00006859264,0.0008699645,0.0002152855,0.0009188437,0.0002324508,0.001036099,0.00003734686],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001158756,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004119515,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01102615,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004644455,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976173,0.0003338191,0.0003934803,0.0003402981,0.0007901455,0.0005249351],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9958981,0.002331303,0.00009591565,0.0004542996,0.0009814582,0.0002388813],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.003813917,0.004101295,0.4618586,0.002940269,0.001553047,0.02438078,0.05180601,0.0002091086,0.4391349,0.001451837,0.003337936,0.005412329],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.009086328,0.001332509,0.874593,0.001883481,0.000297258,0.007479866,0.08272659,0.006227362,0.007200883,0.0001783437,0.008387005,0.0006073455],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9913207,0.0003978347,0.00003041687,0.00465473,0.00005932755,0.0003688187,0.0000103152,0.00001609767,0.003141762],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9920083,0.001257678,0.0009463429,0.0008868838,0.00003271636,0.00001837802,0.00002511439,0.00002734353,0.004797211],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.431934,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9990126,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4321219787","doi":"10.1080/15614263.2023.2181171","title":"The management of police specialized tactical units (3rd ed)","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Police Practice and Research","topic":"Military and Defense Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Officer; Political science; Police department; Management; Public relations; Psychology; Engineering; Sociology; Operations research; Applied psychology; Criminology; Law","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1818361074388818,"gpt":0.5043582970477196,"spread":0.3225221896088378,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.006652845,0.00007164672,0.0001189157,0.0001251788,0.002375241,0.0001042388,0.0002770796,0.00005788283,0.00006604897],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001581495,0.00005007672,0.00002889325,0.001814025,0.001093534,0.0002896726,0.0003740959,0.0003248139,0.0002704252],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003237626,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001465967,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.06450003,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005882884,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9967169,0.001272837,0.0001807584,0.0001927154,0.001017108,0.000619746],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.993205,0.005871876,0.00004805624,0.0002300658,0.0004980927,0.0001468921],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004314126,0.00009903447,0.0002278325,0.0001125715,0.0003015992,0.00002397202,0.135132,9.534774e-7,0.00004260514,0.7362803,0.109445,0.01790273],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001629321,0.00004216854,0.001609777,0.00001664386,0.00002350492,0.000001487026,0.2871458,0.000005626711,0.00001905325,0.001943257,0.7089789,0.00005082764],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.09512014,0.001203329,0.000002862307,0.04324194,0.0002117213,0.0004462508,0.000007674529,0.00005987913,0.8597062],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8428824,0.1180043,0.0002266638,0.0003315954,0.001145268,0.00007049826,0.000002746701,0.0000185642,0.03731796],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8223882,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9989235,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4405473516","doi":"10.1080/15614263.2024.2438673","title":"Police helicopter units: an aerial view of an understudied police unit","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Police Practice and Research","topic":"Policing Practices and Perceptions","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Variety (cybernetics); Police department; Snapshot (computer storage); Unit (ring theory); Service (business); Aeronautics; Computer security; Engineering; Criminology; Public relations; Business; Computer science; Psychology; Political science; Marketing","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.3446193202525383,"gpt":0.5592242099805129,"spread":0.2146048897279746,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0060365,0.0001979751,0.0002738847,0.0005825558,0.001545818,0.0008088597,0.0005368565,0.0002445212,0.0004521621],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006606729,0.0001792746,0.00005185174,0.002428176,0.001035832,0.00347216,0.0002216552,0.0009436485,0.0002198285],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000117182,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001161781,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9326568,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.4457934,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9938968,0.003226022,0.0003613136,0.0004899742,0.001079904,0.0009459933],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9943856,0.003523296,0.0001079585,0.0004956875,0.000848043,0.0006394193],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002724691,0.0005124629,0.0001352212,0.0002601975,0.0001890625,0.000005281777,0.8979892,0.000007517227,0.002773047,0.06280273,0.003214676,0.03183815],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002839865,0.0004375421,0.0008784152,0.0001128673,0.0001099365,0.00003170832,0.3192228,0.0001470459,0.00008745128,0.000393424,0.6780496,0.0002452494],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7907408,0.0005573254,0.00001863683,0.01787286,0.0004331071,0.0005718449,0.00007899484,0.0001868765,0.1895395],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9838952,0.008818688,0.0003422068,0.001253883,0.002664228,0.000036086,0.00001937104,0.00004662801,0.002923728],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6748349,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999754,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4401430119","doi":"10.1080/15614263.2024.2386578","title":"Contextualizing and defining de-escalation in policing","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Police Practice and Research","topic":"Policing Practices and Perceptions","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"De-escalation; Political science; Sociology; Psychology; Law","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1731917565982313,"gpt":0.5529084547049189,"spread":0.3797166981066876,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.006481896,0.00005792042,0.00007858932,0.0003695386,0.000742063,0.0006617639,0.00007048513,0.00009587705,0.00005240188],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001761654,0.00005614922,0.00001370898,0.0005349692,0.0002553085,0.001199985,0.00007360035,0.0005936389,0.00006213135],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000118118,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002800885,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.6646186,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0902233,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978912,0.0009943539,0.0001306048,0.0001932437,0.000316997,0.0004735927],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9944443,0.0052234,0.00002418638,0.00007316833,0.00007850559,0.0001564692],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002703153,0.00003230417,0.008066651,0.0000667454,0.00001635782,0.000007724233,0.6325378,0.000005785319,0.00115992,0.298871,0.0008266522,0.0583821],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003137642,0.0001017272,0.05305892,0.0004255321,0.00004259474,0.00009500048,0.3647082,0.003038783,0.00003187532,0.006248118,0.5716702,0.0002652743],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7696655,0.001374425,0.00005094341,0.0330256,0.00006340273,0.0001587565,0.000002914003,0.00005831838,0.1956001],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9917543,0.0061315,0.0004387764,0.000521018,0.0002342063,0.0000128339,9.648895e-7,0.00001034625,0.0008960421],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5743953,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9263778,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2755387499","doi":"10.1080/15614263.2017.1368238","title":"North of 49: The Dynamics of Canadian Policing","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Police Practice and Research","topic":"Policing Practices and Perceptions","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University; Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Dynamics (music); Population; Geography; Political science; Economic geography; Regional science; Sociology; Demography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2178970101356595,"gpt":0.5241683064947841,"spread":0.3062712963591245,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003650119,0.00005024946,0.0001020701,0.0003416558,0.003250956,0.0002046599,0.0005614604,0.00006868765,0.00005363115],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00369044,0.00003738262,0.00002986671,0.0004062718,0.001265334,0.0006631856,0.000126224,0.0003994773,0.00001822045],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007085392,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000867083,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9992205,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9986953,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998278,0.0005682835,0.000145274,0.0001073703,0.0004739701,0.0004271503],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9967875,0.001882388,0.0002108262,0.0004381741,0.0004542888,0.0002268117],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007057987,0.0001353151,0.1333686,0.00008117031,0.000115053,0.000003006033,0.5500789,0.00001316729,0.0002365131,0.2837862,0.005465493,0.02664598],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001951112,0.00009619579,0.4488105,0.00004932748,0.00006093822,0.000009096121,0.1445999,0.0002621493,0.00004443928,0.0005207272,0.405223,0.0001286445],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5480775,0.00002746509,0.000001651771,0.08507627,0.00005959481,0.0001426073,0.00002758664,0.00000361724,0.3665837],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9938553,0.003201994,0.00007457213,0.0002351083,0.0002443936,0.000004470295,0.000001384145,0.000006268931,0.002376504],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4457778,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9980467,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4244847258","doi":"10.1080/15614263.2021.1873514","title":"Editorial","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"editorial","venue":"Police Practice and Research","topic":"","field":"","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Political science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06136963468942376,"gpt":0.4901848953057502,"spread":0.4288152606163265,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","scholarly_communication","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.01365313,0.0004585291,0.0006371756,0.0007928055,0.0006049885,0.001545941,0.0008202243,0.00263752,0.0005392111],"category_scores_gemma":[0.09040108,0.0004360286,0.0001278905,0.001440746,0.0006165301,0.001124678,0.001373309,0.01132086,0.01882608],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004784001,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00403942,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03937276,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001005006,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9840368,0.004083322,0.0004863419,0.001268058,0.008525217,0.001600267],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.948792,0.03997964,0.0003297513,0.001304617,0.008909571,0.0006844367],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006006788,0.0002719623,8.185666e-7,0.0002398245,0.0002353219,0.00004876633,0.001502477,1.787903e-7,0.000331907,0.00009993188,0.9963582,0.0003099157],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008547145,0.0001990642,4.384682e-7,0.0001611499,0.0001594981,0.00001326854,0.002603562,0.000002650102,0.0000711301,0.00006532482,0.9954287,0.0004405083],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"editorial","genre_gemma":"editorial","genre_scores_codex":[0.000009016455,0.003675282,3.473005e-7,0.0009898577,0.9391113,0.0003887762,0.0002760661,0.0002403728,0.05530901],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.000004390803,0.006154678,0.0001873634,0.00003729391,0.9809203,0.0001363579,0.0003789444,0.0007644489,0.01141623],"genre_candidate":"editorial","genre_consensus":"editorial","teacher_disagreement_score":0.07674795,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998091,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2008433676","doi":"10.1080/15614263.2012.727236","title":"Curb the Danger: a police-community collaboration to ‘curb’ impaired driving","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Police Practice and Research","topic":"Crime Patterns and Interventions","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"MacEwan University; University of Alberta","keywords":"Apprehension; Software deployment; Service (business); Computer security; Engineering; Psychology; Business; Computer science; Marketing","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2168623377654283,"gpt":0.5501539699671202,"spread":0.3332916322016919,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.009397665,0.00007603541,0.000089033,0.000162333,0.003334345,0.0005312228,0.000364355,0.00007254619,0.0003206082],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002781864,0.00005711408,0.00004225088,0.0009582409,0.0002723282,0.001264902,0.0003060997,0.0006804136,0.0002419566],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001312919,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000159257,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.4497705,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1037708,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9949908,0.003490476,0.0001631141,0.0001139526,0.0006022021,0.0006394111],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9964829,0.002317395,0.00006566712,0.0003303232,0.0004768352,0.0003268611],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003815313,0.0005387146,0.01324265,0.00002622338,0.00004825316,3.392444e-7,0.8745678,6.689427e-7,0.001577313,0.01359204,0.08397603,0.01239183],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009054173,0.00008522476,0.01627398,0.00002828388,0.00001820031,0.000003529189,0.3733031,0.00001073812,0.0001618756,0.0001027336,0.6098388,0.0000829468],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8467942,0.0003309799,0.0000430774,0.06369843,0.0001929082,0.0004925115,0.0000100509,0.00003661135,0.08840122],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9941256,0.0002551862,0.0001104326,0.0008188332,0.0009180995,0.00007251704,0.000002771396,0.00001080013,0.003685752],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5258628,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9979632,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410360263","doi":"10.1080/15614263.2025.2504385","title":"Investigative interviews conducted with minor victims of sexual abuse: a comparison of children and adolescents","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Police Practice and Research","topic":"Child Abuse and Trauma","field":"Psychology","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières; Université de Montréal","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec","keywords":"Minor (academic); Psychology; Sexual abuse; Clinical psychology; Suicide prevention; Human factors and ergonomics; Developmental psychology; Poison control; Social psychology; Medical emergency; Medicine; Political science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.106171884385531,"gpt":0.4637769145786652,"spread":0.3576050301931342,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000679396,0.0001159688,0.0003054745,0.0003049947,0.00009353887,0.00002711073,0.0001583572,0.00009503256,0.00005177316],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001683009,0.0000878994,0.00001402762,0.000563997,0.0008036483,0.0001736017,0.0001080368,0.0005557649,0.00001034747],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001279208,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007851106,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01502709,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001487866,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982504,0.0006250034,0.0003001306,0.0003046506,0.0002582375,0.0002615814],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985053,0.0006199625,0.0001676447,0.0002889872,0.0003186031,0.00009948185],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.003348371,0.002938422,0.5909352,0.0008950222,0.001641592,0.000008767011,0.3472392,0.000001104438,0.009675162,0.005492069,0.009091451,0.0287336],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003921985,0.001378083,0.920113,0.0006854609,0.0002377119,0.00005351006,0.06246978,0.00002114706,0.008535617,0.00007775675,0.002323232,0.000182758],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9899549,0.001866285,0.000007414774,0.0009856512,0.00003311395,0.0004486403,0.00001870809,0.000009774417,0.006675507],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990109,0.0001490803,0.0001498716,0.0002101861,0.00003511006,0.00001552869,0.000006864052,0.00001017043,0.0004123221],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3291777,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9915319,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4403305882","doi":"10.1080/15614263.2024.2414419","title":"Community engagement ‘completes the puzzle’: the significance and meaning of community engagement to officers","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Police Practice and Research","topic":"Policing Practices and Perceptions","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Ontario Tech University; Regional Municipality of Durham","funders":"","keywords":"Community engagement; Thematic analysis; Public relations; Community policing; Meaning (existential); Conversation; Qualitative research; Psychology; Public engagement; Community organization; Sociology; Social psychology; Political science; Social science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.4764380610463351,"gpt":0.5321892136798942,"spread":0.05575115263355912,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.03774201,0.00009847282,0.0001206022,0.0001347701,0.009824046,0.0006753534,0.0006578849,0.00005102387,0.00008936021],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004191799,0.00006101734,0.00003421216,0.0007614361,0.001112086,0.000499407,0.0007238503,0.002983736,0.00003425874],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008448603,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000233272,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.6494324,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1106732,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9793454,0.01919139,0.0002023172,0.0001236301,0.0007032947,0.0004339635],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9695103,0.02952929,0.00006884396,0.0004915027,0.0002515709,0.0001484718],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003630637,0.0001235918,0.0001329279,0.0001025869,0.00008959883,5.321919e-7,0.9208226,0.00002056674,0.001095059,0.05194641,0.009767924,0.01586195],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004580567,0.00009052877,0.003385082,0.00004260329,0.00003931534,0.000002234212,0.4572842,0.00004500544,0.00003443041,0.0005398032,0.5384355,0.00005559661],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6235776,0.00043453,0.00004860062,0.1899081,0.0001402549,0.0009331583,0.00002384865,0.00005313036,0.1848808],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9948627,0.002310558,0.0001548898,0.001499844,0.000205928,0.00006640302,0.000001658975,0.00001158053,0.0008864088],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5387592,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993164,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}