{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":33,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":33,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"query_hash":"2d6d614a06de","filters":{"venue":"Political Science Research and Methods"}},"results":[{"id":"W3037341367","doi":"10.1017/psrm.2020.25","title":"Do natural disasters help the environment? How voters respond and what that means","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Political Science Research and Methods","topic":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":113,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Natural disaster; Voting; Referendum; Climate change; Flooding (psychology); Flood myth; Exploit; Extreme weather; Affect (linguistics); Political science; Geospatial analysis; Politics; Public economics; Economics; Geography; Psychology; Computer security; Computer science; Ecology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2407195265323983,"gpt":0.5179058000293262,"spread":0.2771862734969279,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts","scholarly_communication"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.009479968,0.00009586483,0.0001437572,0.00006674754,0.00144977,0.00175736,0.000360691,0.00005955994,0.00003792651],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004144168,0.00005948293,0.00002990361,0.0005365626,0.00713171,0.001131052,0.0002282432,0.000362121,0.00001005226],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001569641,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001852589,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00201155,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001335223,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9946117,0.002047898,0.0001157528,0.0004116017,0.001161719,0.001651264],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9958672,0.002163511,0.00002090182,0.0001545289,0.00007833029,0.001715549],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002547654,0.00001493661,0.002822528,0.00001836097,0.000005183998,0.000002682195,0.007283951,2.121784e-7,0.009275303,0.937318,0.00009985459,0.04313346],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001112878,0.001809351,0.08492684,0.0002226683,0.00005761234,0.00001354564,0.2478613,0.004638193,0.03939988,0.3608686,0.2579263,0.001162832],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6311852,0.001077909,0.001590478,0.3626301,0.0002018692,0.0005261695,0.000004613877,0.00002770982,0.002755914],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9971041,0.0001353423,0.001345578,0.0007884304,0.0002349496,0.00001929431,4.293428e-7,0.000005297227,0.0003665743],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5764495,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998502,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2790304980","doi":"10.1017/psrm.2018.3","title":"Elites Tweet to Get Feet Off the Streets: Measuring Regime Social Media Strategies During Protest","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Political Science Research and Methods","topic":"Social Media and Politics","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":85,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"York University; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Social media; Narrative; Censorship; Rhetorical question; Media studies; Political science; Democracy; Opposition (politics); Sociology; Criticism; Political economy; Public relations; Law; Politics; Art","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2377789804303526,"gpt":0.5423418810115296,"spread":0.304562900581177,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.01454662,0.0001489632,0.0002287317,0.0002577474,0.005473239,0.0009665733,0.001024959,0.0001327338,0.00008730659],"category_scores_gemma":[0.03277966,0.0001071869,0.0000476181,0.001887322,0.01532016,0.0005010821,0.0004428373,0.0005044342,0.00004270376],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004046662,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002219839,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004630896,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001978739,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9919854,0.001972157,0.0002533415,0.000500284,0.002099804,0.003189027],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9922916,0.004569263,0.000036891,0.0002687592,0.001009594,0.001823888],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001963942,0.00003477956,0.001543413,0.00001682291,0.00000592877,0.00000344695,0.04161765,3.295042e-8,0.007424331,0.9282988,0.0001488447,0.02088628],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003315737,0.0003224087,0.07249442,0.00008985327,0.00001636024,0.000005467969,0.27356,0.00002645753,0.04108449,0.5631458,0.04846234,0.0004608194],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9184624,0.0001284853,0.0002527693,0.02487012,0.0004687625,0.0006504194,0.0000149366,0.0000878235,0.05506431],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9883481,0.00003610568,0.007021345,0.0002102081,0.004063922,0.00008424433,4.890611e-7,0.00001240468,0.0002231361],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3651531,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9958215,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3185989073","doi":"10.1017/psrm.2021.43","title":"Misattributed blame? Attitudes toward globalization in the age of automation","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Political Science Research and Methods","topic":"Employment and Welfare Studies","field":"Health Professions","cited_by":60,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"University of Cambridge; American Political Science Association","keywords":"Blame; Globalization; Immigration; Polarization (electrochemistry); Job loss; Economics; Economic inequality; Labour economics; Inequality; Development economics; Political science; Demographic economics; Economic growth; Social psychology; Psychology; Market economy; Law; Unemployment","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.3677467767528455,"gpt":0.6462130885628508,"spread":0.2784663118100053,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01321249,0.00004759805,0.0001323183,0.0001119663,0.0005981901,0.00002554165,0.000189295,0.00004859147,0.00005536768],"category_scores_gemma":[0.009115404,0.00002954597,0.00001556045,0.001353718,0.001046769,0.0001094327,0.0002479522,0.0002620576,0.000004173983],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001319467,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004820953,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009191653,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001338085,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9957567,0.002367551,0.0002313279,0.0001913001,0.0006010463,0.0008520083],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9967654,0.002410196,0.00002190689,0.0001501984,0.0005171634,0.0001351287],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006465905,0.00006780378,0.1623393,0.0001297436,0.000003105986,0.000005397226,0.00222897,1.694412e-7,0.006009318,0.8252938,0.0002325659,0.003683296],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001812893,0.00006239682,0.9087067,0.00008114806,0.000002698786,0.000001032173,0.005190265,0.000111018,0.002037177,0.08124701,0.002339279,0.00003999034],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8594615,0.0006425101,0.0193779,0.06128858,0.0002310567,0.0008583152,0.00001861179,0.00004082653,0.05808067],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9919051,0.00009297239,0.007375217,0.0003245309,0.00005493701,0.00003647893,0.000005403229,0.000002195267,0.000203198],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7463673,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9992312,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2469586763","doi":"10.1017/psrm.2016.31","title":"How to Survey About Electoral Turnout? The Efficacy of the Face-Saving Response Items in 19 Different Contexts","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Political Science Research and Methods","topic":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Western University; Université de Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Turnout; National election; Face (sociological concept); Null hypothesis; Demographic economics; Survey data collection; Government (linguistics); Variation (astronomy); Voter turnout; Political science; Econometrics; Psychology; Public economics; Economics; Statistics; Sociology; Politics; Voting; Mathematics; Social science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2304256022767907,"gpt":0.5535494463615038,"spread":0.3231238440847131,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch"],"category_scores_codex":[0.03667672,0.0000966435,0.0002093494,0.0001558321,0.0008171981,0.0002695435,0.0007152215,0.0000727123,0.00001862502],"category_scores_gemma":[0.09558031,0.00004073555,0.00004551303,0.001538829,0.004064551,0.0001830935,0.000243119,0.0002537406,0.000004499811],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004858301,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007604478,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03726023,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01765783,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9858864,0.01037304,0.0002639233,0.0003387956,0.001222921,0.001914915],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9794742,0.01873343,0.00003933656,0.0003189077,0.0003783436,0.001055748],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002868103,0.0001023852,0.2766763,0.00001220135,0.000004340906,7.990429e-7,0.002750594,2.892476e-7,0.1221636,0.5780245,0.0001065298,0.01987161],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001889619,0.0001639524,0.9767572,0.00007047948,0.000001436749,3.818764e-7,0.0003603611,0.00001257055,0.01030373,0.01025603,0.001810649,0.00007421728],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9539837,0.00007518731,0.0009086226,0.04388278,0.0001470504,0.0005819753,0.0000112382,0.000009095415,0.000400415],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982558,0.000004162244,0.0001104565,0.0001135376,0.0001151509,0.00003648463,1.043549e-7,0.000004971578,0.001359261],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7000809,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9986458,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2765917772","doi":"10.1017/psrm.2017.32","title":"Turnout and Education: Is Education Proxying for Pre-Adult Experiences Within the Family?","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Political Science Research and Methods","topic":"Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Voting; Sibling; Census; Variety (cybernetics); Social psychology; Robustness (evolution); Psychology; Developmental psychology; Demography; Sociology; Political science; Population; Statistics; Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.3177767154143809,"gpt":0.6486009518530439,"spread":0.330824236438663,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.009544562,0.00006777197,0.00008896989,0.0000767548,0.008878179,0.001029862,0.000500466,0.00003852506,0.00001404285],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01528295,0.00004318815,0.00002115826,0.0001739291,0.00621492,0.0005247967,0.0001606379,0.0001300132,0.000001762605],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001185417,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004003653,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008416306,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002824054,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979383,0.0003253985,0.0001605123,0.000318994,0.0006243601,0.0006323989],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9969531,0.0009446012,0.00005379888,0.0002109676,0.001422738,0.0004147352],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006361935,0.00005468464,0.001397683,0.00001387189,0.000002583468,1.095893e-8,0.03774883,1.58593e-8,0.0003488511,0.9371797,0.001175862,0.02207149],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005373781,0.00008854689,0.03599069,0.00004613554,0.000004776168,0.000001719636,0.276614,0.0001601548,0.003037812,0.6588914,0.02499183,0.0001191556],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8210523,0.0006994085,0.0009074878,0.1324876,0.001383877,0.0007507055,0.000005264764,0.00001190653,0.0427014],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.957112,0.00008130189,0.03331443,0.001349843,0.001064896,0.0007380656,7.900647e-7,0.00000304789,0.006335637],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2782883,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9981867,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3123162206","doi":"10.1017/psrm.2020.38","title":"How responsive is Trade Adjustment Assistance?","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Political Science Research and Methods","topic":"Social Policy and Reform Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Economics; Free trade; Voting; International economics; Presidential election; Politics; Liberalization; Economic integration; Development economics; International trade; Labour economics; Political science; Market economy","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.3243835393476171,"gpt":0.5869592112514462,"spread":0.2625756719038291,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.007630425,0.0000932671,0.0001934701,0.0001126029,0.002468686,0.0003226187,0.0004219131,0.00008784973,0.00003208423],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01547582,0.00006704215,0.00005030312,0.001625827,0.009746763,0.0003384941,0.0002396065,0.0003789308,0.000007601757],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002422126,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009463391,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001089531,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006090275,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9949566,0.001167817,0.0001213675,0.0004269908,0.001321803,0.00200543],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.996137,0.001390953,0.00002125127,0.0001177413,0.0002242496,0.002108848],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002368774,0.00002030875,0.0001150479,0.00001046335,0.000006481346,0.000002919868,0.01370466,5.1106e-9,0.001860661,0.9496118,0.0009443937,0.03369951],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003765832,0.0005714304,0.02721986,0.00002111597,0.00001296216,0.000001702984,0.1208745,0.00006458494,0.01715701,0.6472079,0.186165,0.0003274575],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.01161818,0.0005340794,0.001127104,0.8410227,0.0002007993,0.0004187032,0.00001294599,0.00006555152,0.1449999],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.974143,0.0008938406,0.0153807,0.005822414,0.001763967,0.00004182893,2.359051e-7,0.000008518643,0.001945451],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9625248,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99883,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2901429828","doi":"10.1017/psrm.2018.51","title":"Maps in People’s Heads: Assessing a New Measure of Context","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Political Science Research and Methods","topic":"Spatial Cognition and Navigation","field":"Engineering","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Normative; Politics; Context (archaeology); Set (abstract data type); Measure (data warehouse); Representation (politics); Social psychology; Reliability (semiconductor); Psychology; Sociology; Epistemology; Geography; Political science; Computer science; Power (physics); Law; Data mining","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1706100487580483,"gpt":0.5230144405054461,"spread":0.3524043917473978,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004639957,0.00004608695,0.0001052262,0.0002389617,0.00008546603,0.00006745889,0.0001095174,0.00003820669,0.00004804432],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002398801,0.00003983116,0.00001134645,0.001011,0.0007848941,0.0002206904,0.00004323347,0.0001802212,0.000007085068],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009993518,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002565401,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001202435,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002724351,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985413,0.000177811,0.000132116,0.0001367198,0.0004006606,0.0006114108],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987874,0.0004201172,0.000006215641,0.00008561745,0.0002547377,0.0004458792],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001480376,0.00002958113,0.004711594,0.00005327858,0.000002534525,0.000001131427,0.0006553343,0.000001309501,0.1484288,0.1557168,0.0001010144,0.6902838],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009452783,0.0004806831,0.2308044,0.0003545167,0.000004922792,0.00001531063,0.002644245,0.03818407,0.562706,0.1619889,0.001599703,0.00027197],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7844532,0.0004818993,0.1592125,0.001546228,0.0002230978,0.000295991,0.000004764688,0.00007050814,0.05371174],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9736159,0.00001007079,0.02622782,0.00003408656,0.00008134968,0.000003758001,4.701137e-7,0.000004025134,0.0000224554],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6900118,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2891975,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2947264546","doi":"10.1017/psrm.2019.24","title":"Are election results more unpredictable? A forecasting test","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Political Science Research and Methods","topic":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Predictive power; Econometrics; Economics; Test (biology); Term (time); Power (physics); TRACE (psycholinguistics)","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2884577020752932,"gpt":0.5701558960756319,"spread":0.2816981940003387,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01907017,0.00008570683,0.0001710587,0.0002185152,0.00125907,0.0003162056,0.0002629198,0.0001004639,0.00005868216],"category_scores_gemma":[0.03578221,0.00006930598,0.00002810891,0.001698454,0.002313753,0.0004356584,0.0001149214,0.0003624613,0.00004529221],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004439326,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000582194,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01768025,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008628306,"domain_scores_codex":[0.994905,0.0008443684,0.000255661,0.0004449904,0.001168493,0.002381494],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9939793,0.003704587,0.0000576099,0.0001931532,0.0006495042,0.001415876],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003211993,0.0000872645,0.07894054,0.00004139521,0.000003029395,0.000003413415,0.0009422846,9.603749e-7,0.008214292,0.9003578,0.0002684299,0.01110843],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001284728,0.001657632,0.473203,0.0003963165,0.00001858849,0.00002245296,0.01355356,0.01657931,0.02364536,0.4070083,0.06188206,0.0007486498],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8346524,0.00005488732,0.0008304898,0.0162998,0.0003056018,0.0006604387,0.00001566378,0.00008925042,0.1470915],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9937595,0.000004066369,0.00288044,0.0001311748,0.0003951509,0.00002452463,8.492113e-7,0.000006229136,0.002798071],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4933495,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9888611,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4281659893","doi":"10.1017/psrm.2022.21","title":"The politics of accountability in Supreme Court nominations: voter recall and assessment of senator votes on nominees","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Political Science Research and Methods","topic":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Center for the Study of Democratic Politics, Princeton University; University of Toronto","keywords":"Supreme court; Politics; Accountability; Political science; Law; Voting; Representation (politics); Law and economics; Sociology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2149646103745669,"gpt":0.5925137629530368,"spread":0.3775491525784699,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.02453821,0.00005833725,0.0001646413,0.0001719047,0.001104664,0.00007376768,0.000267965,0.00003626174,0.00002835882],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006789437,0.00004189861,0.00002199749,0.0007208504,0.004082002,0.0001281618,0.0002087345,0.0003127768,2.318912e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004795398,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008809197,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03229658,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001429715,"domain_scores_codex":[0.995237,0.002170349,0.0003251205,0.0002329772,0.001060905,0.0009736847],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9923055,0.006720258,0.00004400449,0.0001699254,0.0003604699,0.000399891],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001011603,0.00009702171,0.03170538,0.00001759798,0.000001764711,1.637766e-7,0.0005959222,0.000001038881,0.001598534,0.9630809,0.00001416837,0.002877331],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002594671,0.0007687703,0.501029,0.00003129327,0.000005364886,0.000001145332,0.007596185,0.002662243,0.004434706,0.4768804,0.00620709,0.000124369],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9762265,0.00006939923,0.0001260164,0.01472083,0.00007656853,0.0003489104,0.00002001421,0.000004725614,0.008407044],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972677,0.0000127668,0.002387995,0.00004827218,0.00004625011,0.00005313853,4.258679e-7,0.000002838648,0.0001805911],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4862005,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9986283,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4309938065","doi":"10.1017/psrm.2022.57","title":"Is compulsory voting a solution to low and declining turnout? Cross-national evidence since 1945","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Political Science Research and Methods","topic":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"University of Cambridge","keywords":"Turnout; Voting; Leverage (statistics); Enforcement; Demographic economics; Political science; Voter turnout; Sanctions; Legislation; Single-member district; Economics; Public economics; Group voting ticket; Law; Politics; Statistics; Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.4358149035367635,"gpt":0.6424060597390561,"spread":0.2065911562022926,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch"],"category_scores_codex":[0.03210624,0.00007939731,0.0001451383,0.0002322092,0.004294686,0.0004804787,0.0003313104,0.00004385652,0.00008836725],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01867952,0.00007531054,0.00002550726,0.001348523,0.002360786,0.0004728551,0.0005195211,0.0003861179,0.00001379539],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007171492,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001126992,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01248666,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003639742,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9936391,0.001832504,0.0002653982,0.0004954344,0.00200917,0.001758369],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9943894,0.003374584,0.0000340328,0.0001036229,0.0006536701,0.001444668],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002275777,0.00004546234,0.03275279,0.00002934885,0.000002298589,0.000001650246,0.00282692,0.0000138535,0.003372654,0.9523981,0.0001219167,0.008412313],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006059047,0.001725305,0.5566078,0.0004374973,0.00001465307,0.00003051727,0.005535339,0.05536976,0.005474533,0.3339202,0.03938415,0.0008943002],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9328133,0.0003002922,0.01409454,0.04590334,0.0003031059,0.0005493038,0.00001697927,0.00005066512,0.005968454],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9883503,0.000005088147,0.01000772,0.0008200378,0.0003105372,0.00006216788,5.479892e-7,0.000004788574,0.000438824],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6184779,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9970016,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3011539761","doi":"10.1017/psrm.2020.8","title":"Voting at 16: Does lowering the voting age lead to more political engagement? Evidence from a quasi-experiment in the city of Ghent (Belgium)","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Political Science Research and Methods","topic":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Voting; Suffrage; Leverage (statistics); Politics; Political science; Demographic economics; Social psychology; Psychology; Economics; Law; Statistics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.4281743845628291,"gpt":0.5892127976823313,"spread":0.1610384131195021,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.02269705,0.0001256048,0.0002528635,0.00008967227,0.001333044,0.0002984419,0.0008525872,0.0000646109,0.00006595467],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02718328,0.00006786551,0.00005709514,0.001299355,0.003038669,0.0002492673,0.0005923833,0.0005088608,0.000008326568],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006611387,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003491589,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.08413696,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003751729,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9913998,0.003476989,0.0004417133,0.0005153922,0.001822169,0.002343949],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9899948,0.008253441,0.00004294193,0.0002254548,0.0002178415,0.001265506],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003168563,0.00008764868,0.04033091,0.00003709537,0.000004851981,0.000006572354,0.02180239,0.000001353213,0.02740621,0.9081212,0.00002396661,0.002146168],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000823602,0.002428904,0.4301026,0.001231704,0.00005869884,0.000003885332,0.1393914,0.006337958,0.307658,0.1038087,0.007077698,0.001076802],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9143828,0.0001229907,0.005809872,0.07665326,0.00008843283,0.000634482,0.000005925277,0.00001819735,0.002284035],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.996071,0.000003821852,0.002369163,0.001014489,0.0004160645,0.00006999292,4.306698e-7,0.000005985812,0.0000490462],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8043124,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999671,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3025393907","doi":"10.1017/psrm.2020.18","title":"Placebo statements in list experiments: Evidence from a face-to-face survey in Singapore","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Political Science Research and Methods","topic":"Survey Sampling and Estimation Techniques","field":"Mathematics","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Treatment and control groups; Face (sociological concept); Psychology; Placebo; Inflation (cosmology); Interpretation (philosophy); Statement (logic); Survey data collection; Social psychology; Econometrics; Actuarial science; Statistics; Computer science; Economics; Medicine; Sociology; Political science; Alternative medicine; Mathematics; Social science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.7576034810771761,"gpt":0.6772032127523472,"spread":0.08040026832482894,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.02698747,0.0001175288,0.000256887,0.0002882396,0.0001402637,0.0002028831,0.0004858776,0.00005811231,0.00004912437],"category_scores_gemma":[0.08303034,0.0001015385,0.00001374878,0.001635409,0.0006014148,0.0004009557,0.000439959,0.0003770988,0.00001184621],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002956979,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003007977,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01154804,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002961939,"domain_scores_codex":[0.994758,0.002222027,0.000390425,0.0005750349,0.0008584583,0.001196016],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9887938,0.009783581,0.00002878648,0.0002456022,0.000192559,0.0009555919],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001808619,0.001379406,0.5460016,0.0005100414,0.00002911117,0.0001124207,0.04164416,0.00004405853,0.1907691,0.1348323,0.001976907,0.08089229],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001082334,0.0008984194,0.2734185,0.001016607,0.000003610393,0.000002410098,0.005431377,0.02003367,0.2822681,0.415054,0.000174991,0.0006160445],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8349637,0.00007879937,0.161494,0.002470804,0.00002862318,0.0004904058,0.00002811441,0.00005268044,0.0003928299],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7316325,0.00001478529,0.2681306,0.0001193833,0.00001487617,0.00005181131,0.000002088133,0.000007563238,0.00002643237],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2802217,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9950342,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4225287051","doi":"10.1017/psrm.2022.19","title":"Belief in territorial indivisibility and public preferences for dispute resolution","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Political Science Research and Methods","topic":"China's Socioeconomic Reforms and Governance","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"University of Cambridge","keywords":"Negotiation; China; Dispute resolution; Territorial dispute; Political science; Economics; Law","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1686199981946572,"gpt":0.529223394189552,"spread":0.3606033959948948,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.02771055,0.00006115872,0.0001403709,0.0001556408,0.002124904,0.0002893109,0.0003968325,0.00004611786,0.00003511505],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006167677,0.00005059927,0.00002324511,0.000553026,0.003349473,0.0005083552,0.0005124856,0.0003438032,3.984116e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008761674,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001162407,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02226068,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003170123,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9963897,0.0008808381,0.0001853428,0.0004570466,0.0006968061,0.001390259],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977602,0.001354002,0.00003212729,0.0001329165,0.000105863,0.0006148568],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000248628,0.00007292788,0.03472493,0.00001087691,0.000001381737,3.201303e-7,0.003462599,2.056287e-7,0.0001181659,0.9114406,0.00005853294,0.05008465],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003126798,0.000284861,0.1757037,0.000004803277,0.000001017279,8.361249e-7,0.008456524,0.0003897135,0.00006299149,0.7760423,0.03864218,0.00009844485],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9817731,0.0001595942,0.0006522374,0.0105678,0.0004085544,0.0005193254,0.00003951306,0.00001328967,0.005866528],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9920924,0.00007958743,0.007152182,0.00004886488,0.0003165732,0.0001409435,0.000001251631,0.000002836065,0.0001653521],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1409787,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993628,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2527915749","doi":"10.1017/psrm.2016.39","title":"Which Matters Most: Party Strategic Exit or Voter Strategic Voting? A Laboratory Experiment","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Political Science Research and Methods","topic":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Voting; Competition (biology); Fragmentation (computing); Political science; Business; Political economy; Economics; Politics; Law; Computer science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.3035004253408778,"gpt":0.5658816801086923,"spread":0.2623812547678145,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01402182,0.000144478,0.0002238883,0.0002713903,0.0011684,0.0004697881,0.0004107548,0.0001252275,0.000587817],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002650445,0.00008204116,0.00002713762,0.002317305,0.003828607,0.0004851758,0.0001316653,0.0002455653,0.0000793359],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004213745,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001899514,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009394249,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002242451,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9926975,0.002154205,0.0003231826,0.0005640675,0.001318064,0.002942991],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9947873,0.001834904,0.000038521,0.0002428162,0.0007903822,0.002306126],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002376359,0.000059807,0.001124808,0.00001627213,0.000003717929,0.000003555396,0.0002972017,4.550017e-8,0.03846506,0.9589142,0.0001808895,0.0009106416],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009883823,0.001619605,0.008577886,0.0002925804,0.00001785001,0.000008176747,0.01098094,0.0003846985,0.08115026,0.8795834,0.01556187,0.0008343841],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8550169,0.0000990042,0.001751275,0.07808769,0.0003809845,0.0007707002,0.00002743303,0.0001233466,0.06374265],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9951862,0.00001670859,0.002777862,0.0003834965,0.0003771233,0.00008207998,4.045552e-7,0.00001003046,0.001166136],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1401692,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9988824,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391842841","doi":"10.1017/psrm.2024.1","title":"Attitudes toward automation and the demand for policies addressing job loss: the effects of information about trade-offs","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Political Science Research and Methods","topic":"Employment and Welfare Studies","field":"Health Professions","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; University of Toronto","funders":"University of Toronto; University of Washington; California Institute of Technology","keywords":"Job loss; Economics; Automation; Environmental economics; Microeconomics; Operations management; Engineering; Macroeconomics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.195040786107986,"gpt":0.6009483622078439,"spread":0.4059075760998578,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.01400818,0.00006980462,0.000154893,0.0001509706,0.00193233,0.0001468765,0.0001696888,0.0000494056,0.000004700448],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008187312,0.0000310755,0.00002932516,0.0004206173,0.003612777,0.0004014279,0.0002324927,0.0002950414,0.000001831903],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006651405,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002806894,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000528087,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001590785,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974301,0.0009866697,0.0002491553,0.0001301327,0.0004228935,0.0007810335],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9843987,0.01513304,0.00002952592,0.000106824,0.0001691178,0.0001628074],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002900358,0.000005523197,0.003579641,0.00173108,0.00001325298,1.306214e-7,0.011039,6.818605e-8,0.0004467827,0.9422072,0.000347737,0.04060058],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009466651,0.0003085298,0.6773036,0.001224872,0.00004263179,0.000003375786,0.006599142,0.003466625,0.002586653,0.295929,0.0114719,0.0001169935],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7395865,0.009678847,0.05912353,0.171021,0.000959376,0.005263392,0.00003664011,0.0001509458,0.01417981],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9963014,0.0004471951,0.002425602,0.0003249851,0.0001432764,0.0002422009,7.754806e-7,0.000003691511,0.0001108977],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6737239,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999367,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4234871730","doi":"10.1017/psrm.2021.18","title":"Am I obliged to vote? A regression discontinuity analysis of compulsory voting with ill-informed voters","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Political Science Research and Methods","topic":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal; Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Voting; Regression discontinuity design; Confusion; Demographic economics; Political science; Disapproval voting; Economics; Psychology; Law; Statistics; Mathematics; Politics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1787692465387757,"gpt":0.5722743040760119,"spread":0.3935050575372361,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01047846,0.0000912666,0.0003450311,0.0004611004,0.0008483981,0.0002171522,0.0002665003,0.00006512171,0.00002327246],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01373279,0.00006274934,0.00006197174,0.005486741,0.002646317,0.0002715433,0.0001844038,0.0002218075,0.000001870106],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003105001,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001269783,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0224732,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01418278,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9948412,0.00144812,0.000301363,0.0003922012,0.001342584,0.001674493],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9945738,0.002219913,0.00004805359,0.0002124514,0.001252959,0.001692875],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003653183,0.00008192061,0.06545593,0.00003673566,0.00004644383,0.000005460568,0.003350378,0.000007372881,0.01703379,0.8972768,0.00002647105,0.01664223],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004702273,0.0008064155,0.8891767,0.0003868778,0.000203537,0.000003683136,0.01359677,0.005177676,0.06333752,0.02254901,0.003776687,0.0005149167],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9696606,0.00003129136,0.01308743,0.007316262,0.00005583105,0.0002401538,0.000006840937,0.00002038965,0.009581141],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9806761,0.000002390528,0.01858209,0.0001356756,0.00007284716,0.00001472361,0.00000189421,0.000003862293,0.0005104631],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8747277,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.994575,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3034271659","doi":"10.1017/psrm.2020.21","title":"Betting on the underdog: the influence of social networks on vote choice","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Political Science Research and Methods","topic":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"University of Cambridge","keywords":"Voting; Homogeneity (statistics); Microeconomics; Social network (sociolinguistics); Economics; Computer science; Political science; Law; Social media; Machine learning","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.3161378258146733,"gpt":0.5836273683340438,"spread":0.2674895425193705,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.01385276,0.00007024613,0.0001263587,0.00004137403,0.002502779,0.0001829301,0.0005214218,0.00006358225,0.00001878588],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02022101,0.00003695433,0.00003504143,0.001222799,0.005248155,0.0001173584,0.0001228981,0.0005133185,0.000007995671],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001167541,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003358456,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009032667,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002982294,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9947163,0.002386988,0.0001930743,0.0002492526,0.001108866,0.001345515],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9900029,0.008891507,0.00003764006,0.0001299209,0.0002855565,0.000652492],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008996531,0.00001486511,0.001116629,0.000005732695,0.000002139563,2.128216e-7,0.00104048,0.00002389094,0.0009437685,0.993732,0.00008699498,0.003024293],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003854574,0.001946312,0.528208,0.0001454585,0.00002289392,8.313193e-7,0.006481675,0.01135134,0.009334387,0.4042016,0.03747296,0.0004491068],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7894084,0.00001673946,0.0007465513,0.1877832,0.00004696321,0.000342691,0.000002110901,0.00001851673,0.02163483],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9968402,0.000001943338,0.0001636398,0.002326175,0.0005691056,0.00001788637,1.113694e-7,0.000003806029,0.00007715884],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5895304,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9987958,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4414142515","doi":"10.1017/psrm.2025.10018","title":"Inequality, information, and income tax policy preferences in Austria and Germany","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Political Science Research and Methods","topic":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Weatherhead Center for International Affairs, Harvard University; York University; New York University Abu Dhabi; Harvard University","keywords":"Status quo; Progressive tax; Redistribution (election); Inequality; Preference; Tax policy; Economic inequality; Status quo bias; State income tax","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2154974265237034,"gpt":0.6055336778585797,"spread":0.3900362513348763,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01481547,0.00006980453,0.0001603879,0.0005792994,0.000687526,0.0004376194,0.0001799692,0.00008991908,0.00001258988],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0136391,0.00005590637,0.000009014114,0.001761775,0.003490492,0.0007734952,0.0002455616,0.0002436686,0.000002948775],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002538425,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001259152,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1223898,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004162063,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9965647,0.001203039,0.0002931334,0.0002122775,0.000512489,0.001214299],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9971979,0.001597867,0.00002326082,0.0001036361,0.0002911937,0.0007861015],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005369871,0.00001111006,0.05658008,0.00003814025,0.000001110188,1.903672e-7,0.0007351267,3.589431e-8,0.0001688729,0.9216093,0.00001679832,0.02083391],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001438556,0.00006651782,0.3853201,0.00004593761,0.000001530822,5.248168e-7,0.0008592129,0.000130219,0.0002739123,0.6073518,0.005739022,0.00006739862],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9347129,0.0001293182,0.0007261488,0.02668649,0.00006189937,0.0003655009,0.000006765848,0.00001921746,0.0372918],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977842,0.00005790197,0.001472933,0.0002259656,0.00007651695,0.00002989592,4.127505e-7,0.000001246388,0.0003509487],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.32874,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9992214,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4303413633","doi":"10.1017/psrm.2022.46","title":"Explaining women's political underrepresentation in democracies with high levels of corruption","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Political Science Research and Methods","topic":"Gender Politics and Representation","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University; McGill University; Centre for Social Innovation","funders":"Coastal Response Research Center, University of New Hampshire; Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; University of Cambridge","keywords":"Vignette; Language change; Politics; Democracy; Representation (politics); Political science; Value (mathematics); Demographic economics; Social psychology; Political economy; Economics; Psychology; Law","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2847427520885681,"gpt":0.560821165359426,"spread":0.276078413270858,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.01436632,0.00007369459,0.0001655742,0.0005541338,0.001339089,0.0001133402,0.0003057897,0.00003872342,0.0001872641],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002484064,0.00006418637,0.00001721535,0.001650702,0.003989663,0.0003172091,0.0003029799,0.0003632352,0.000001047128],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009323766,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001330348,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01222393,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001627531,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9936969,0.001975004,0.0002388366,0.0003765017,0.001714226,0.001998496],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9970149,0.001681385,0.00003931767,0.0001589982,0.000296314,0.0008090843],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002563985,0.00008037197,0.008995208,0.00001455567,0.000002586757,0.000004359694,0.007173485,0.00001610272,0.002660357,0.9778345,0.000002494232,0.003190359],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003457894,0.0003798049,0.1499363,0.00001081003,0.000002567223,0.00000811216,0.2512207,0.0004456412,0.004241357,0.5931392,0.0001586924,0.0001110586],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9645152,0.00001766378,0.004449909,0.005087805,0.0001080386,0.0002940419,0.00001217797,0.00001644879,0.02549873],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9900087,0.000006081605,0.009429779,0.00007891184,0.00006192573,0.00008769564,0.000001378772,0.000005837539,0.000319653],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3846953,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999961,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3186935905","doi":"10.1017/psrm.2021.41","title":"Hypothesis testing with error correction models","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Political Science Research and Methods","topic":"Monetary Policy and Economic Impact","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Cointegration; Bivariate analysis; Null hypothesis; Error detection and correction; Econometrics; Mathematics; Variable (mathematics); Statistics; Error correction model; Order (exchange); Null (SQL); Type I and type II errors; Statistical hypothesis testing; Applied mathematics; Computer science; Economics; Algorithm; Mathematical analysis","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.5716359837438698,"gpt":0.4538477963276327,"spread":0.1177881874162371,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.006251046,0.00008752465,0.0002269404,0.000272614,0.0004592352,0.0002293135,0.0001780157,0.00004829008,0.000145544],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006262428,0.0000796575,0.00002468095,0.0008488827,0.0009556471,0.0005031246,0.0001253801,0.0002516356,0.00006676035],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001895297,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001775908,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002456415,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002656997,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977438,0.000100541,0.0002418282,0.0005263994,0.00008470458,0.00130273],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9974356,0.001453525,0.00003929318,0.0002656903,0.00009143563,0.0007144797],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001985586,0.00008294135,0.009036782,0.00002226749,0.00001386252,0.00001045092,0.0001976228,0.0002593015,0.0007073525,0.9561208,0.0001381165,0.03339068],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00018478,0.0002032701,0.02676592,0.0000174143,0.000002008113,0.00008975537,0.0003034446,0.21318,0.004944307,0.7530556,0.001080906,0.000172662],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6030498,0.0005436031,0.06080393,0.004396669,0.0002654538,0.0001986967,0.00003536144,0.0000451317,0.3306614],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8405412,0.00002259305,0.1579408,0.0001950117,0.00008774293,0.00001136363,4.303876e-7,0.000008013635,0.00119277],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3294686,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7497163,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4312156190","doi":"10.1017/psrm.2022.60","title":"The effects of proposal power on incumbents' vote share: updated results from a naturally occurring experiment","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Political Science Research and Methods","topic":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"University of Cambridge","keywords":"Lottery; Legislature; Cabinet (room); Parliament; Power (physics); Order (exchange); Political science; Economics; Microeconomics; Law; Politics; Geography; Finance","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.08635897248053681,"gpt":0.5286014793420357,"spread":0.4422425068614989,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01339164,0.00008206799,0.0001450354,0.0001054004,0.002800269,0.0001955398,0.0005534663,0.0000426306,0.00004367561],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01324671,0.00005443541,0.00003491279,0.000915203,0.002364219,0.0001458959,0.000409556,0.0004629175,0.000003704968],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000479722,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007910133,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03257891,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003841807,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9929336,0.003067522,0.000283423,0.0003749695,0.001816224,0.001524232],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.993485,0.005181381,0.00004926488,0.0002399456,0.0002740879,0.0007703123],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001224725,0.00009596228,0.0004980057,0.000006410991,0.000006294716,0.00000326877,0.001862612,4.255461e-7,0.01839376,0.9754957,0.0002826716,0.003232406],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002223661,0.005979455,0.06284387,0.0002118061,0.00002249643,0.000003034625,0.01140468,0.001130266,0.2843044,0.548832,0.082333,0.0007113001],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9797112,0.0002054766,0.00007807179,0.007363101,0.0005246896,0.0007389779,0.0000437184,0.00003030219,0.0113044],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984011,0.000003035948,0.0009839218,0.0001264547,0.0001015529,0.00008438621,0.000002674945,0.000004750597,0.0002921282],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4266637,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.998498,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3175973093","doi":"10.1017/psrm.2021.24","title":"Are voters' views about proportional outcomes shaped by partisan preferences? A survey experiment in the context of a real election","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Political Science Research and Methods","topic":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Outcome (game theory); Proportional representation; General election; Government (linguistics); Context (archaeology); Proportionality (law); Political science; Survey data collection; Economics; Public administration; Public economics; Microeconomics; Law; Politics; Statistics; Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.4122634343973863,"gpt":0.6054310415336063,"spread":0.1931676071362199,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.02059403,0.00007731008,0.0002279922,0.00008646424,0.000511811,0.0001696919,0.0002480107,0.00006988602,0.00008811811],"category_scores_gemma":[0.009767903,0.00004970946,0.0000342044,0.001122499,0.00219271,0.0001936348,0.00006304556,0.0002321304,0.000002882029],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002253268,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008250788,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.07656705,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.03029407,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9916213,0.005317091,0.0003572233,0.0003218481,0.001204061,0.001178455],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9965956,0.002125646,0.00007427458,0.0001524999,0.0005645227,0.0004874255],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002190476,0.0002750615,0.3751544,0.00002191688,0.000005019462,0.000002329491,0.00308402,2.793594e-8,0.01447866,0.6014348,0.0002049166,0.005316958],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001598604,0.0001521429,0.9585012,0.00003296078,0.000002740841,0.000001057249,0.006556542,0.00009319251,0.01044858,0.02269914,0.001262878,0.00008973148],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9873762,0.0001861206,0.0004080723,0.005923172,0.00007567338,0.0004183403,0.00001785413,0.000008879473,0.005585717],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988937,0.00002784563,0.000515725,0.000161258,0.00005084784,0.0001023014,0.00000374412,0.000002696794,0.0002418824],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5833467,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9985732,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4304172327","doi":"10.1017/psrm.2022.51","title":"Equation balance in time series analysis: lessons learned and lessons needed","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Political Science Research and Methods","topic":"Complex Systems and Time Series Analysis","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"CLARITY; Confusion; Series (stratigraphy); Contradiction; Balance (ability); Econometrics; Monte Carlo method; Computer science; Operations research; Epistemology; Psychology; Mathematics; Statistics; Philosophy; Psychoanalysis","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2612345217914732,"gpt":0.4671045514189034,"spread":0.2058700296274302,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01439971,0.0000902941,0.0004163145,0.001233041,0.0008171666,0.0003012657,0.0003381277,0.00003184836,0.0006346306],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001257164,0.00009437797,0.0000591473,0.004203572,0.000821362,0.0003061364,0.000624436,0.0003028271,0.00001815547],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002428907,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008991983,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006959514,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001132338,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974701,0.0003414248,0.0003706471,0.0006038148,0.0002302108,0.0009837953],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987583,0.0004320315,0.000065969,0.0002805914,0.00006752784,0.0003955922],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001505351,0.00004362784,0.01555967,0.000008934747,0.0000305174,0.000002195994,0.0002338639,0.0000358734,0.0004128714,0.9806766,0.00001619363,0.002964634],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003744207,0.0002747861,0.1475271,0.000006948824,0.00002194779,0.000009806137,0.003619853,0.1116501,0.0002220341,0.7227537,0.0132426,0.0002967512],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8232707,0.003938836,0.02930698,0.09373743,0.0001515866,0.0006608373,0.0003374407,0.00006694773,0.04852921],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.990867,0.00009187587,0.006409838,0.00006860647,0.00002702831,0.00005915473,0.000005696047,0.000006144163,0.002464667],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2579229,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996532,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3165696130","doi":"10.1017/psrm.2024.10","title":"The best at the top? Candidate ranking strategies under closed list proportional representation","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Political Science Research and Methods","topic":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"HEC Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"CONTEST; Proportional representation; Incentive; Legislature; Competence (human resources); Rank (graph theory); Ranking (information retrieval); Order (exchange); Political science; Public relations; Microeconomics; Computer science; Politics; Economics; Law; Mathematics; Information retrieval; Management","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2597051134036285,"gpt":0.6149408002078486,"spread":0.3552356868042201,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts","scholarly_communication"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.01765925,0.0000668662,0.00008225708,0.00007390305,0.004414321,0.001793101,0.0002869302,0.00005104786,0.000108005],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003012365,0.00003385071,0.00003404129,0.001048725,0.006535024,0.0004247496,0.0001373979,0.0002899383,0.00003011927],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004351033,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001381671,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0349171,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007425216,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9952741,0.00154284,0.0002051658,0.0003094068,0.001273983,0.001394463],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9948835,0.004093033,0.0000174052,0.0001764948,0.0003143173,0.0005152776],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007841028,0.00000914281,0.00108672,0.000008733867,0.000004152767,0.000001249358,0.0004868016,0.000001094481,0.001945452,0.9858731,0.0001350472,0.01044067],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006634945,0.00008483858,0.0167951,0.00003747093,0.000009074744,0.000003239026,0.006939536,0.0008544579,0.002572446,0.9328179,0.03972032,0.00009925362],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7525254,0.001521508,0.005795968,0.1410285,0.0008380914,0.001008612,0.00001257362,0.00008863699,0.09718064],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9949907,0.00003794205,0.0003003114,0.0000726206,0.0004725379,0.00005692407,0.00000159259,0.000004544798,0.004062839],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2424652,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9992431,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4403469348","doi":"10.1017/psrm.2024.52","title":"The national network of US state legislators on Twitter","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Political Science Research and Methods","topic":"Social Media and Politics","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Kootenay Association for Science & Technology","funders":"National Science Foundation","keywords":"State (computer science); Political science; Public administration; Computer science; Algorithm","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2520658780797021,"gpt":0.6133919389758271,"spread":0.361326060896125,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.01769335,0.00005279242,0.00008872239,0.00009050943,0.001366077,0.0003287708,0.0003313173,0.00004540178,0.00002764084],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01081959,0.00003313446,0.00003235481,0.001249539,0.008418661,0.000124983,0.00009414301,0.0003231343,0.00001629698],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002581137,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001986229,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002135915,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007968939,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9955058,0.0009974077,0.0001416114,0.0002077968,0.001640327,0.001507024],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9891384,0.009661986,0.00001087796,0.00007855614,0.00043615,0.0006739823],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004256869,0.000008389175,0.0007156526,0.000005733182,0.000003580039,9.812946e-7,0.001814903,4.074916e-7,0.0001568829,0.9767987,0.001108978,0.01938158],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000025196,0.00007841914,0.002698272,0.0000231949,0.000001457138,4.66443e-7,0.001625665,0.0001383517,0.001279038,0.7234708,0.2706155,0.00004367155],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5061925,0.0009134757,0.0009429279,0.0493676,0.002338833,0.0004825382,0.00001603718,0.00007331685,0.4396727],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9944852,0.0001586433,0.002350742,0.000316434,0.001020786,0.00001545768,1.459814e-7,0.000004563449,0.001648029],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4882927,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999934,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3049205357","doi":"10.1017/psrm.2020.30","title":"Transformed-likelihood estimators for dynamic panel models with a very small <i>T</i>","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Political Science Research and Methods","topic":"Spatial and Panel Data Analysis","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Estimator; Panel data; Extremum estimator; Econometrics; M-estimator; Mathematics; Random effects model; Fixed effects model; Statistics; Invariant estimator; Efficient estimator; Minimum-variance unbiased estimator","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2946374840912235,"gpt":0.4219614894035867,"spread":0.1273240053123633,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003971625,0.0001183797,0.0003338962,0.0002411071,0.0003479982,0.0002035313,0.0004201026,0.00005686662,0.00003280095],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001084031,0.00009648274,0.00006209283,0.001070017,0.0009897423,0.0003682981,0.00009582178,0.0002180992,0.00002008021],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009462022,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001985117,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001021442,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005682066,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9975101,0.00005074262,0.0002871134,0.0006253647,0.0001363138,0.001390326],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978313,0.0005402363,0.00003397871,0.000199476,0.0001207234,0.001274227],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007884905,0.00004541911,0.001650551,0.00008176271,0.00002148893,0.000002651705,0.0002974247,0.00002312752,0.0003509846,0.9815334,0.00001501945,0.01589932],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004733353,0.000653305,0.001531318,0.00001265517,0.0000109128,0.000005013479,0.0002674866,0.3550306,0.001034935,0.6382819,0.002481504,0.0002170007],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.04211579,0.0003482865,0.9434775,0.007099485,0.00003367633,0.0003387931,0.0002754933,0.00002668217,0.006284262],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8240317,0.00009413363,0.1751894,0.0005089458,0.00004885952,0.00006379815,0.000009981572,0.00001216586,0.00004105799],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7819158,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3934452,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4413741140","doi":"10.1017/psrm.2025.10037","title":"On the political consequences of local deliberative governance in China","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Political Science Research and Methods","topic":"China's Socioeconomic Reforms and Governance","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Institute on Governance","funders":"University of Cambridge; University of Rochester; American Political Science Association","keywords":"China; Politics; Corporate governance; Political science; Political economy; Economic system; Economics; Management; Law","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07095715410475366,"gpt":0.518614871106864,"spread":0.4476577170021103,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0119495,0.00008539406,0.0002040615,0.0001008193,0.0007453149,0.0001169813,0.0006033579,0.00007378949,0.00008506192],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008810597,0.0000516014,0.00003869,0.0009818019,0.02140823,0.0002204918,0.0001956516,0.0004717929,0.000004264852],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008297234,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00217176,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03793417,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001417654,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9962924,0.0009186427,0.0002490846,0.0003463282,0.0006825552,0.001510987],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9949586,0.004207684,0.00003719824,0.00020152,0.0001696412,0.0004253658],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001703756,0.00004459252,0.001205601,0.000007562642,0.000002351851,0.000001381001,0.0007808417,7.139523e-7,0.0002606829,0.9862407,0.00007102851,0.01136744],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001179509,0.00008727084,0.04486914,0.00006439279,0.000001026679,5.604751e-7,0.006646217,0.0001570956,0.009110722,0.9375795,0.001305696,0.00006040561],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.560523,0.000199683,0.002609141,0.0959014,0.000134572,0.0003342612,0.00001309473,0.000009498984,0.3402754],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9967433,0.0001111181,0.001572706,0.0006836454,0.0000391605,0.00002205895,8.794519e-8,0.000002314517,0.0008256562],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4362203,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995386,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412166017","doi":"10.1017/psrm.2025.10032","title":"Legislative reciprocity: Using a proposal lottery to identify causal effects","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Political Science Research and Methods","topic":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"University of Cambridge","keywords":"Lottery; Legislature; Reciprocity (cultural anthropology); Economics; Public economics; Political science; Microeconomics; Psychology; Social psychology; Law","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2476513732363438,"gpt":0.6410554643837668,"spread":0.393404091147423,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.01701452,0.00009711093,0.0002073309,0.0004201269,0.001676834,0.0004753149,0.0003243301,0.0000963665,0.0000202086],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01721892,0.00008037396,0.00003104014,0.002538805,0.003222728,0.0003925215,0.0002653381,0.0003236436,0.00002000905],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007291643,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002178299,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03485903,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001143067,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9936213,0.002402028,0.0002230396,0.0004652381,0.0009945681,0.002293793],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9952013,0.002494288,0.00001832792,0.0001769703,0.0006125621,0.00149657],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000125498,0.00003617584,0.003663572,0.00003945313,0.000004556612,0.000002888963,0.00097431,2.365465e-7,0.03382693,0.9523159,0.00007906453,0.009044331],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002448714,0.0004122,0.06135033,0.0002703004,0.00001850926,0.000002064081,0.001228789,0.0006713608,0.04662671,0.8783551,0.01054571,0.0002740843],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8103205,0.0001015626,0.0752427,0.02365827,0.0006649466,0.001504527,0.000004005189,0.00007787242,0.08842561],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9696912,0.000001715687,0.02815701,0.0003883373,0.0002681054,0.00005700609,2.188021e-7,0.00000486139,0.001431601],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1593706,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996228,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416942093","doi":"10.1017/psrm.2025.10053","title":"What can dual citizens teach us about political engagement?","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Political Science Research and Methods","topic":"Social Media and Politics","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"University of Cambridge","keywords":"Politics; Witness; Citizenship; Dual (grammatical number); Leverage (statistics); Political socialization; Democracy; Immigration","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1962028418849087,"gpt":0.5965910023620735,"spread":0.4003881604771648,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts","scholarly_communication"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.01795649,0.0001615022,0.0002949782,0.0005371509,0.003341452,0.001240569,0.0006824674,0.0002031066,0.000160418],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02997818,0.0001451048,0.00007049969,0.002078937,0.01506079,0.0004882104,0.0005221301,0.0009412642,0.00002134254],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009651583,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004323211,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01351409,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004796458,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9888361,0.003430201,0.0003092768,0.0006226055,0.001722271,0.005079549],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9891364,0.006540644,0.00002159701,0.0003279017,0.0007083167,0.003265118],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005946844,0.00006448913,0.005316404,0.00001986325,0.000007957513,0.000008845173,0.003556228,1.276408e-8,0.0007311636,0.9756591,0.0003664639,0.01426351],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003087081,0.0001484483,0.01982816,0.0001016402,0.00002026464,0.00000328359,0.1034127,0.00004181818,0.007352158,0.7528973,0.1156304,0.0002550918],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4967286,0.0005796675,0.001109634,0.08055411,0.00282838,0.0007934107,0.00002336119,0.0001513392,0.4172315],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98309,0.0003003514,0.007998599,0.002471227,0.0009380874,0.00006305761,0.000001803983,0.00001003063,0.005126848],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4863614,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997962,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4411613247","doi":"10.1017/psrm.2025.10022","title":"The value of dignity appeals: evidence from a social media experiment","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Political Science Research and Methods","topic":"Experimental Behavioral Economics Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Canadian Institute for Advanced Research","keywords":"Dignity; Value (mathematics); Social media; Sociology; Economics; Social psychology; Psychology; Positive economics; Political science; Mathematics; Statistics; Law","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.3605461873580664,"gpt":0.6342577987349004,"spread":0.273711611376834,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.01673513,0.00007500622,0.0001834406,0.0001037793,0.00303917,0.0001794969,0.0007358296,0.00005415056,0.00001918887],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01313353,0.00005299785,0.00004189558,0.0007417767,0.01279392,0.0002426097,0.000754602,0.000220371,0.000003684188],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006788952,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001005203,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02151008,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007668074,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9960688,0.001385229,0.0002379685,0.0003450921,0.0007559477,0.001206948],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9898302,0.00927243,0.00003179997,0.000178156,0.0002880931,0.0003993236],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000181939,0.00004427321,0.001471666,0.000003256847,0.000005208537,3.18149e-7,0.00921204,1.39743e-8,0.02810049,0.9376224,0.0001005911,0.0234216],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001641907,0.00008538806,0.02962694,0.00007836637,0.000009553366,1.062906e-7,0.09204587,0.00005361877,0.2525579,0.6219507,0.003292802,0.0001345342],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9211308,0.004794834,0.0007982776,0.02368402,0.0004957934,0.0005190789,0.00002190611,0.00003138909,0.04852385],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9900205,0.0004288226,0.00913996,0.00004874068,0.0001110603,0.00005934364,1.578366e-7,0.000002534009,0.000188891],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3156716,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9982587,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4409439245","doi":"10.1017/psrm.2025.19","title":"Reassessing World Bank conditionality: beyond count measures","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Political Science Research and Methods","topic":"International Development and Aid","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Conditionality; Economics; Political science; Law; Politics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1988634726657897,"gpt":0.6044226772035658,"spread":0.4055592045377761,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.02259948,0.00006501683,0.0001109219,0.0005337493,0.002055752,0.0005481267,0.0004022826,0.00004192879,0.0002163513],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007624329,0.00005514594,0.00002412593,0.001727636,0.005111622,0.0004836231,0.0001826501,0.0002606262,0.00001425475],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005437894,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002751415,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002008139,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004544625,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9960475,0.0007744601,0.0001623792,0.0003171802,0.001519529,0.001178949],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9963167,0.002101033,0.00001569748,0.0001006515,0.0009279272,0.0005380057],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005376124,0.00002525222,0.002376962,0.000005907839,0.000004546456,0.000001718238,0.0001752869,3.261854e-8,0.001205376,0.9805093,0.0005324667,0.01515777],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007708853,0.00001093618,0.03697177,0.00003919951,0.000002177496,5.483415e-7,0.0008809888,0.00003517601,0.003231782,0.8059121,0.1527695,0.00006870289],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.007638427,0.0001301877,0.004943471,0.04291568,0.0003057458,0.0001536818,0.00000496072,0.00003037911,0.9438775],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9499557,0.00004975361,0.02957541,0.0009397633,0.0001916981,0.00002523945,0.000002034257,0.000002892237,0.01925753],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9423172,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9992434,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4403001460","doi":"10.1017/psrm.2024.54","title":"Does vote buying undermine confidence in ballot secrecy? Theory and experimental evidence","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Political Science Research and Methods","topic":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"York University; New York University Abu Dhabi","keywords":"Secrecy; Ballot; Economics; Political science; Voting; Law","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.283703276749772,"gpt":0.624538513059803,"spread":0.340835236310031,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch"],"category_scores_codex":[0.03051805,0.00009162043,0.0001561443,0.0002507961,0.0006673519,0.0006481654,0.0002368557,0.00007544208,0.00006879122],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01033056,0.00005743205,0.00001992684,0.001029921,0.005025753,0.000756387,0.0001764206,0.0003320887,0.000008119285],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003835855,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007389396,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02523584,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00171012,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9943598,0.002468757,0.0002204164,0.0004962891,0.0008265859,0.001628137],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9911358,0.007523781,0.00001020501,0.0001163605,0.000134026,0.001079788],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001329811,0.00001733373,0.001560441,0.00004064,0.000001442762,0.000008810421,0.001541505,8.500501e-8,0.02826217,0.9626819,0.000004425438,0.005867891],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008564156,0.0002212855,0.008709681,0.0004834085,0.000003949764,0.000005549934,0.005103574,0.001254832,0.03110938,0.9513712,0.001475055,0.0001764323],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9575067,0.004174339,0.009357261,0.01550042,0.0004579645,0.0005920568,0.000003514876,0.00008624858,0.01232151],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9970458,0.00006498303,0.00159081,0.0001021766,0.0002114843,0.00003998229,1.381711e-7,0.000005610847,0.000939062],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03953907,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9982857,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4413085861","doi":"10.1017/psrm.2025.10029","title":"Government ideology and support for redistribution among the wealthy","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Political Science Research and Methods","topic":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"American Political Science Association","keywords":"Redistribution (election); Ideology; Politics; Economics; Political economy; Political science; Law","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1558228546793735,"gpt":0.5903588336145149,"spread":0.4345359789351415,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0200667,0.00004805661,0.000102937,0.00004560481,0.001715333,0.0001597772,0.000181701,0.00006572255,0.00001525839],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01142815,0.00003165104,0.00001751296,0.0005191083,0.005822113,0.0001355126,0.0001155058,0.0001582839,0.000001174363],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003645346,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005751121,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005326831,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007230105,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9968627,0.0008767245,0.0001580328,0.0002418515,0.0005361268,0.001324558],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9959981,0.003047915,0.00001705516,0.0001095795,0.000242743,0.0005845865],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008392781,0.00001253283,0.0074588,0.00001546786,0.000001751296,1.433944e-7,0.0001447046,1.421255e-8,0.0006217884,0.9816073,0.000215137,0.009913938],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001507876,0.0002540309,0.1365293,0.00001746384,0.000007490341,5.553626e-7,0.001268609,0.0004462902,0.003191056,0.8130909,0.04497948,0.00006404343],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4438913,0.0003800587,0.1097462,0.220938,0.0009399845,0.002825913,0.00005866248,0.00006963663,0.2211502],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9962684,0.0000111901,0.001513459,0.0002808209,0.0001194316,0.000102943,6.498626e-7,0.000001550989,0.001701557],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.552377,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995843,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}