{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":13,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":13,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"a39d87052647","filters":{"venue":"Pragmatic and Observational Research"}},"results":[{"id":"W3042487759","doi":"10.2147/por.s251120","title":"<p>The CHRONICLE Study of US Adults with Subspecialist-Treated Severe Asthma: Objectives, Design, and Initial Results</p>","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Pragmatic and Observational Research","topic":"Asthma and respiratory diseases","field":"Medicine","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; National Institutes of Health; Baxalta; AstraZeneca; CSL Behring; Genentech; Grifols; Valeant Pharmaceuticals International; Sanofi; Mylan; GlaxoSmithKline; Regeneron Pharmaceuticals; Teva Pharmaceutical Industries; Horizon Pharma; Pfizer","keywords":"Pulmonologist; Medicine; Asthma; Exacerbation; Cohort; Pediatrics; Internal medicine; Family medicine; Intensive care medicine","authors":[{"name":"Christopher S. Ambrose","is_ca":false},{"name":"Bradley E. Chipps","is_ca":false},{"name":"Wendy C. Moore","is_ca":false},{"name":"Weily Soong","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jennifer Trevor","is_ca":false},{"name":"Dennis K. Ledford","is_ca":false},{"name":"Warner W. Carr","is_ca":false},{"name":"Njira Lugogo","is_ca":false},{"name":"Frank Trudo","is_ca":false},{"name":"Trung N. Tran","is_ca":false},{"name":"Reynold A. Panettieri","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.08460424390656908,"gpt":0.3457514705845573,"spread":0.2611472266779882,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000973825,0.000171139,0.0003290428,0.00008885423,0.0003526222,0.00005292545,0.0001308639,0.00006887545,0.00006919948],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001551031,0.0001061088,0.00003153908,0.0006386631,0.0004220981,0.0001636503,0.0001258801,0.0002810188,0.000008032625],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005304518,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005808353,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007199487,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001281256,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9971257,0.0005895723,0.0004129114,0.0003983856,0.001179476,0.0002939518],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9974075,0.001195014,0.0001210045,0.000228709,0.0007678602,0.0002799213],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.1233725,0.01005459,0.679163,0.00535755,0.00225911,0.001550814,0.06221315,0.001663172,0.0144018,0.01061502,0.02780413,0.06154508],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.008772933,0.005184231,0.9715041,0.0002737307,0.00007437058,0.00002814058,0.003007675,0.00549439,0.0002411267,0.0001102595,0.005142844,0.0001661917],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9939586,0.001026715,0.0001134122,0.0024283,0.00001111568,0.001662558,0.00005666117,0.00002494966,0.0007176875],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987063,0.00007766082,0.0003952803,0.0002625241,0.0002066362,0.0001028784,0.00005771511,0.00002239627,0.0001686546],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2923411,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4326993,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2051795192","doi":"10.2147/por.s53608","title":"An 8-week multimodal treatment program improves symptoms of knee osteoarthritis: a real-world multicenter experience","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Pragmatic and Observational Research","topic":"Osteoarthritis Treatment and Mechanisms","field":"Medicine","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Osteoarthritis; Medicine; Physical therapy; Body mass index; Multimodal therapy; Visual analogue scale; Viscosupplementation; Knee Joint; Surgery; Internal medicine; Alternative medicine","authors":[{"name":"Jon E. Block","is_ca":false},{"name":"Larry E. Miller","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0736217611653838,"gpt":0.3882688968057065,"spread":0.3146471356403227,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003010333,0.0001890806,0.0003338696,0.0002080334,0.0001697976,0.00008496321,0.00009128906,0.00007611809,0.0003193008],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001523931,0.0001446347,0.00006859507,0.0002858277,0.0002692752,0.0004563734,0.00005294129,0.0001390565,0.00004983688],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001061241,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000168426,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009757592,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002186854,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979205,0.0001395364,0.0004093137,0.0003680799,0.0007193658,0.0004432132],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983779,0.0003416287,0.00008165284,0.0003321207,0.0005550574,0.0003116939],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002754646,0.002659174,0.09989683,0.0001720121,0.00006630123,0.00002222488,0.002489397,9.092693e-7,0.04395626,0.003844474,0.00003108569,0.8465859],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01512112,0.06141834,0.8883702,0.0007688764,0.0001037997,0.00002884132,0.003746749,0.01357847,0.01278309,0.002205251,0.001485158,0.0003901573],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9943959,0.0002693052,0.00001214776,0.0003224174,0.00004233072,0.003305633,0.00001804278,0.00006264135,0.001571574],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9818664,0.00007235828,0.01260427,0.00005481444,0.00008457709,0.002863618,0.0001808226,0.00002537036,0.002247822],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8461957,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5898031,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392867198","doi":"10.2147/por.s442959","title":"Trends in Systemic Glucocorticoid Utilization in the United Kingdom from 1990 to 2019: A Population-Based, Serial Cross-Sectional Analysis","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Pragmatic and Observational Research","topic":"Adrenal Hormones and Disorders","field":"Medicine","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"St. Thomas Hospital; University of British Columbia","funders":"Sanofi Genzyme; Samsung; National Institutes of Health; Chugai Pharmaceutical; Celltrion; Mylan; Acceleron; Regeneron Pharmaceuticals; Teva Pharmaceutical Industries; Gilead Sciences; Sanofi; GlaxoSmithKline; Amgen; AKL Research and Development; Pfizer; Celgene; Respiratory Effectiveness Group; AstraZeneca; Eli Lilly and Company; Bristol-Myers Squibb","keywords":"Medicine; Asthma; COPD; Medical prescription; Ulcerative colitis; Population; Inflammatory bowel disease; Internal medicine; Rheumatoid arthritis; Adverse effect; Pediatrics; Disease; Environmental health; Pharmacology","authors":[{"name":"Andrew Menzies‐Gow","is_ca":false},{"name":"Trung N. Tran","is_ca":false},{"name":"Brooklyn Stanley","is_ca":false},{"name":"Victoria Carter","is_ca":false},{"name":"Josef S Smolen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Arnaud Bourdin","is_ca":false},{"name":"James Fitzgerald","is_ca":true},{"name":"Tim Raine","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jatin Chapaneri","is_ca":false},{"name":"Benjamin Emmanuel","is_ca":false},{"name":"David J. Jackson","is_ca":true},{"name":"David Price","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2100972816669049,"gpt":0.4538212382225241,"spread":0.2437239565556192,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001576249,0.000106625,0.0002103476,0.001685713,0.00009928627,0.0001868319,0.0001038731,0.00009418912,0.0003103465],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006310632,0.00007754383,0.00007428997,0.005458545,0.00004061223,0.0001366623,0.00003471801,0.0002840717,0.0000230662],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001739608,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002289147,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01177057,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001279223,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977808,0.0002318313,0.0004679766,0.0003210252,0.0009610755,0.0002372735],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981666,0.001361068,0.00003556502,0.0001811362,0.0001793459,0.00007634283],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002816549,0.00008050503,0.9687042,0.00009631054,0.00006533881,0.00001460109,0.0002652674,0.02166455,0.0000833427,0.007902657,0.0001962791,0.0006453122],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005040465,0.00005325006,0.7358868,0.000109478,0.00003397153,0.000002933559,0.0001222959,0.2621134,0.000001649589,0.0008012707,0.0003144479,0.00005646398],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.995057,0.0003712368,0.001466487,0.002383641,0.00005936445,0.0004574362,0.00005676479,0.0000182247,0.0001298355],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9954732,0.00001497442,0.0002141939,0.0003254096,0.00009750796,0.0001125188,0.003495087,0.00001143335,0.0002556412],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2404489,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9948102,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4387783968","doi":"10.2147/por.s399879","title":"Adult Severe Asthma Registries: A Global and Growing Inventory","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Pragmatic and Observational Research","topic":"Asthma and respiratory diseases","field":"Medicine","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Sanofi; Teva Pharmaceutical Industries; AstraZeneca; GlaxoSmithKline; Amgen","keywords":"Asthma; Medicine; Family medicine; Internal medicine","authors":[{"name":"Breda Cushen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mariko Siyue Koh","is_ca":false},{"name":"Trung N. Tran","is_ca":false},{"name":"Neil Martin","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ruth Murray","is_ca":false},{"name":"Thendral Uthaman","is_ca":false},{"name":"Celine Goh","is_ca":false},{"name":"Rebecca Vella","is_ca":false},{"name":"Neva Eleangovan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Lakmini Bulathsinhala","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jorge Máspero","is_ca":false},{"name":"Matthew Peters","is_ca":false},{"name":"Florence Schleich","is_ca":false},{"name":"Paulo Márcio Pitrez","is_ca":false},{"name":"George Christoff","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mohsen Sadatsafavi","is_ca":true},{"name":"Carlos A. Torres‐Duque","is_ca":false},{"name":"Celeste Porsbjerg","is_ca":false},{"name":"Alan Altraja","is_ca":false},{"name":"Lauri Lehtimäki","is_ca":false},{"name":"Arnaud Bourdin","is_ca":false},{"name":"Christian Taube","is_ca":false},{"name":"Nikolaos G. Papadopoulos","is_ca":false},{"name":"Zsuzsanna Csoma","is_ca":false},{"name":"Unnur Steina Björnsdóttir","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sundeep Salvi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Enrico Heffler","is_ca":false},{"name":"Takashi Iwanaga","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mona Al‐Ahmad","is_ca":false},{"name":"Désirée Larenas‐Linnemann","is_ca":false},{"name":"Job F. M. van Boven","is_ca":false},{"name":"Bernt Bøgvald Aarli","is_ca":false},{"name":"Piotr Kuna","is_ca":false},{"name":"Riyad Al‐Lehebi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jae Ha Lee","is_ca":false},{"name":"Nuria Marina","is_ca":false},{"name":"Leif Bjermer","is_ca":false},{"name":"Chau‐Chyun Sheu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Bassam Mahboub","is_ca":false},{"name":"John Busby","is_ca":false},{"name":"Andrew Menzies‐Gow","is_ca":false},{"name":"Eileen Wang","is_ca":false},{"name":"David Price","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1120804227256618,"gpt":0.3955440310789349,"spread":0.2834636083532731,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00081739,0.00009107933,0.0001571201,0.0001021237,0.0002733755,0.00005255816,0.00006132411,0.00006791848,0.00006366325],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00228217,0.00007409323,0.00003289557,0.0006207012,0.0002537121,0.0002012997,0.0001327459,0.0001742545,0.00006548801],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000059668,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003589569,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003826702,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008407829,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983779,0.0001209076,0.0001964863,0.0002348049,0.0007840324,0.000285886],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988332,0.000370172,0.00003124325,0.0001434606,0.0003617507,0.0002602186],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002680809,0.0001029289,0.8516867,0.001431971,0.00007556755,0.0001963939,0.0003728441,0.000007759829,0.0002651181,0.07249169,0.04200644,0.03109449],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009746155,0.0001790754,0.9500108,0.0003421881,0.0000136957,0.00005445154,0.001565562,0.00357452,0.00001100876,0.0103927,0.03277285,0.0001085347],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9882074,0.0006340934,0.00002180189,0.008170952,0.00002930006,0.0002830883,0.00002780848,0.00006044679,0.002565116],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9946587,0.0003005947,0.0003836838,0.001142487,0.0001857903,0.0000722143,0.0001161185,0.00001402381,0.003126376],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.09832408,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3021434,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3164539405","doi":"10.2147/por.s302809","title":"Maximizing Adherence and Gaining New Information For Your Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (MAGNIFY COPD): Study Protocol for the Pragmatic, Cluster Randomized Trial Evaluating the Impact of Dual Bronchodilator with Add-On Sensor and Electronic Monitoring on Clinical Outcomes","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Pragmatic and Observational Research","topic":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research","field":"Medicine","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Propeller Health; Novartis Pharma","keywords":"Medicine; COPD; Medical prescription; Randomized controlled trial; Bronchodilator; Inhaler; Exacerbation; Intensive care medicine; Lama; Clinical trial; Psychological intervention; Indacaterol; Health care; Physical therapy; Internal medicine; Asthma; Nursing","authors":[{"name":"David Price","is_ca":false},{"name":"Rupert Jones","is_ca":false},{"name":"Pascal Pfister","is_ca":false},{"name":"Hui Cao","is_ca":false},{"name":"Victoria Carter","is_ca":false},{"name":"Anu Kemppinen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Björn Holzhauer","is_ca":false},{"name":"Alan Kaplan","is_ca":true},{"name":"Allan Clark","is_ca":false},{"name":"David Halpin","is_ca":false},{"name":"Hilary Pinnock","is_ca":false},{"name":"James D. Chalmers","is_ca":false},{"name":"Job F. M. van Boven","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kai Michael Beeh","is_ca":false},{"name":"Κonstantinos Κostikas","is_ca":false},{"name":"Nicolás Roche","is_ca":false},{"name":"Omar S. Usmani","is_ca":false},{"name":"Paul Mastoridis","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2215250831103641,"gpt":0.5091758527861214,"spread":0.2876507696757573,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.007797728,0.0003090128,0.0007685751,0.0001498001,0.0006700245,0.0002110958,0.000157563,0.00009044681,0.00004425371],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01769064,0.0001629745,0.0002202865,0.0003240707,0.0005063454,0.0004331384,0.0001997818,0.0007368797,0.000001360449],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004098003,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004050269,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007882915,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006869316,"domain_scores_codex":[0.994937,0.001366962,0.001004147,0.0004919604,0.001585979,0.000613942],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9729193,0.02467989,0.0004104316,0.0004341496,0.001243528,0.0003127274],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"randomized_trial","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.8209932,0.0007313371,0.1302174,0.001921523,0.001117922,0.0000104792,0.001178168,0.0007235935,0.0000482788,0.001681974,0.0001122019,0.04126387],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.3125883,0.005802882,0.5665821,0.0005535546,0.0003021174,0.00001668786,0.003075622,0.1082472,0.00001003499,0.002609323,0.0000394141,0.0001727561],"study_design_candidate":"randomized_trial","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8264347,0.0002240847,0.0006171188,0.001628195,0.000043533,0.1709169,0.00006789381,0.00001561376,0.00005205528],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8493687,0.00004102377,0.002159631,0.00007493943,0.0005470539,0.1473133,0.00008174445,0.00004852331,0.0003650744],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5084049,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9905838,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3001657778","doi":"10.2147/por.s213966","title":"<p>Patient, Rheumatologist and Therapist Perspectives on the Implementation of an Allied Health Rheumatology Triage (AHRT) Initiative in Ontario Rheumatology Clinics</p>","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Pragmatic and Observational Research","topic":"Musculoskeletal Disorders and Rehabilitation","field":"Medicine","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; Arthritis Society; William Osler Health System; Toronto General Hospital","funders":"Arthritis Society","keywords":"Rheumatology; Medicine; Triage; Internal medicine; Family medicine; Alternative medicine; Physical therapy; Psychiatry; Pathology","authors":[{"name":"Laura Mary Fullerton","is_ca":true},{"name":"Sydney Brooks","is_ca":true},{"name":"Raquel Sweezie","is_ca":true},{"name":"Vandana Ahluwalia","is_ca":true},{"name":"Claire Bombardier","is_ca":true},{"name":"Anna R. Gagliardi","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1312926011630451,"gpt":0.4157237320870117,"spread":0.2844311309239667,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002194442,0.0001714064,0.0005818733,0.0001923449,0.0002429074,0.00002885843,0.0001167395,0.0001116506,0.00028812],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002173302,0.000119833,0.0000600691,0.0003716276,0.0006153482,0.0001642564,0.00007551673,0.0004641758,0.000005426937],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001485202,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008678111,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003975418,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02042279,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9965555,0.00121427,0.0008754192,0.0004438255,0.0005841705,0.0003268181],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9957938,0.003167489,0.0003085829,0.0002059965,0.0003610671,0.000163095],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001249939,0.0007281488,0.4729659,0.00114246,0.0001771823,0.000004581387,0.1074906,0.00001300869,0.0003708944,0.4051218,0.0007581713,0.009977371],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003225508,0.003405834,0.9411111,0.0002351069,0.000009366059,0.00001284813,0.03976412,0.002147402,0.00001509562,0.009411971,0.0005361025,0.0001255603],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9608375,0.000992951,0.00009233289,0.03616934,0.00002731252,0.001455819,0.00002111682,0.00001360146,0.0003899758],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9967467,0.001333162,0.0009022726,0.0006634661,0.000005339486,0.0001565252,0.0001599033,0.00001594451,0.00001673805],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4681452,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.997452,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4414140077","doi":"10.2147/por.s487342","title":"Expert Perspectives on Next Generation Health Guidelines: How to Integrate RWE in EBM","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Pragmatic and Observational Research","topic":"Asthma and respiratory diseases","field":"Medicine","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McMaster University; Impact","funders":"","keywords":"Context (archaeology); Quality (philosophy); Psychological intervention; Health care; Evidence-based medicine; Clinical trial; Protocol (science); Randomized controlled trial; Plan (archaeology)","authors":[{"name":"Stefano R. Del Giacco","is_ca":false},{"name":"Giorgio Walter Canonica","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ioana Agache","is_ca":false},{"name":"David Price","is_ca":false},{"name":"Nicolás Roche","is_ca":false},{"name":"Holger J. Schünemann","is_ca":true},{"name":"Keith Allan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ignacio J. Ansotegui","is_ca":false},{"name":"Simona Barbaglia","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jonathan A. Bernstein","is_ca":false},{"name":"Matteo Bonini","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sinthia Bosnic‐Anticevich","is_ca":false},{"name":"Fulvio Braido","is_ca":false},{"name":"Victoria Carter","is_ca":false},{"name":"Herberto José Chong‐Neto","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kirsty Fletton","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sandra Nora González Díaz","is_ca":false},{"name":"Vandana Ayyar Gupta","is_ca":false},{"name":"Richard Hubbard","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jonathan M. Iaccarino","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ibon Eguíluz‐Gracia","is_ca":false},{"name":"Cristina Jacomelli","is_ca":false},{"name":"Janwillem Kocks","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jerry A. Krishnan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Vera Mahler","is_ca":false},{"name":"Rute Almeida","is_ca":false},{"name":"Daniel Moreles","is_ca":false},{"name":"Paola Muti","is_ca":false},{"name":"Susanna Palkonen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Nikolaos G. Papadopoulos","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ruby Pawankar","is_ca":false},{"name":"Christina Reeb","is_ca":false},{"name":"Helen K. Reddel","is_ca":false},{"name":"I Melba Gómez Rojo","is_ca":false},{"name":"Dermot Ryan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Lydia Sodhi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Marı́a José Torres","is_ca":false},{"name":"Tonya Winders","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kevin C. Wilson","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.3904130489089699,"gpt":0.5036567725864647,"spread":0.1132437236774947,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001284312,0.00009972529,0.0002020774,0.0004167062,0.0001799754,0.00007943276,0.00007455166,0.00004860625,0.00005713814],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003925194,0.00007410387,0.00003173481,0.0006306061,0.00007134311,0.0001205677,0.00005091438,0.0002193451,0.0000172673],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002329567,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008917032,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000107166,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007214254,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983926,0.0002349489,0.0002716946,0.000296768,0.000562391,0.000241537],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986055,0.0003427595,0.00003040066,0.0001757694,0.0006771949,0.0001683999],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001103868,0.001268562,0.06906939,0.0009766445,0.0001100034,0.00005156153,0.01153005,0.0002786163,0.02193824,0.1777444,0.4419824,0.2739463],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003773976,0.002063578,0.6475255,0.003664904,0.00001444581,0.000007365311,0.06017162,0.0633048,0.0008572849,0.004020247,0.2141651,0.0004311634],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7610709,0.0046791,0.00147288,0.2307241,0.00006040419,0.0009149827,0.000009583783,0.00002177953,0.00104629],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9737054,0.000924579,0.005199679,0.01368407,0.000353442,0.0002772868,0.00006003006,0.00001447196,0.005781004],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5784561,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4699107,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2731937465","doi":"10.2147/por.s132316","title":"Effective deployment of technology-supported management of chronic respiratory conditions: a call for stakeholder engagement","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Pragmatic and Observational Research","topic":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research","field":"Medicine","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Respiratory Effectiveness Group","keywords":"Medicine; Boycott; Health care; Stakeholder; Stakeholder engagement; Management; Public relations; Family medicine; Political science; Law","authors":[{"name":"Richard W. Costello","is_ca":false},{"name":"Alexandra L. Dima","is_ca":false},{"name":"Dermot Ryan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Andrew McIvor","is_ca":true},{"name":"Kay Boycott","is_ca":false},{"name":"Alison Chisholm","is_ca":false},{"name":"David Price","is_ca":false},{"name":"John Blakey","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1803522650813529,"gpt":0.4285647540554196,"spread":0.2482124889740668,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002273565,0.000138449,0.00034514,0.0004012677,0.0004588377,0.00002654706,0.0002922204,0.00008033088,0.0001664174],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001068126,0.000124596,0.00008046765,0.0002495707,0.0009503791,0.0001583602,0.0003825421,0.0003065532,0.000006617948],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004282526,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005832468,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003167139,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008911955,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9975101,0.0001543159,0.000460075,0.0003679579,0.001109775,0.0003977331],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9971113,0.0006513938,0.0002255399,0.0006968026,0.001174569,0.0001403686],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002259784,0.00417606,0.3305395,0.04798016,0.003718403,0.0002634139,0.0004366503,0.00009057179,0.03715358,0.3716726,0.01080516,0.1909042],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004420133,0.00073621,0.9681858,0.00116812,0.0001371245,0.000004877115,0.000580095,0.002361455,0.00338418,0.01052024,0.008380094,0.0001216625],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9865932,0.001681726,0.0007088085,0.003053104,0.00004084381,0.005946037,0.0002407818,0.00002320861,0.001712236],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9933236,0.000183237,0.003056946,0.00003799573,0.0000520217,0.002179699,0.0001080773,0.00002665903,0.00103174],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6376463,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5080878,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4225152616","doi":"10.2147/por.s342736","title":"Variation in Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Patients with COPD Receiving Care in US Primary Care: Data from the Advancing the Patient EXperience (APEX) in COPD Registry","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Pragmatic and Observational Research","topic":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research","field":"Medicine","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"TD Bank Group; University of Toronto","funders":"Sanofi Genzyme; AKL Research and Development; Respiratory Effectiveness Group; Efficacy and Mechanism Evaluation Programme; Regeneron Pharmaceuticals; British Lung Foundation; Sanofi; Mylan; GlaxoSmithKline; AstraZeneca; Boehringer Ingelheim","keywords":"COPD; Primary care; Medicine; Apex (geometry); Variation (astronomy); Intensive care medicine; Emergency medicine; Internal medicine; Family medicine","authors":[{"name":"Chester H. Fox","is_ca":false},{"name":"Wilson D. Pace","is_ca":false},{"name":"Elias Brandt","is_ca":false},{"name":"Victoria Carter","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ku-Lang Chang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Chelsea L. Edwards","is_ca":false},{"name":"Alexander Evans","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gabriela Gaona","is_ca":false},{"name":"MeiLan K. Han","is_ca":false},{"name":"Alan Kaplan","is_ca":true},{"name":"Rachel Kent","is_ca":false},{"name":"Janwillem Kocks","is_ca":false},{"name":"Maja Kruszyk","is_ca":false},{"name":"Chantal Le Lievre","is_ca":false},{"name":"Tessa LiVoti","is_ca":false},{"name":"Cathy Mahle","is_ca":false},{"name":"Barry J. Make","is_ca":false},{"name":"Amanda R. Ratigan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Asif Shaikh","is_ca":false},{"name":"NEIL SKOLNIK","is_ca":false},{"name":"Brooklyn Stanley","is_ca":false},{"name":"Barbara P. Yawn","is_ca":false},{"name":"David Price","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05960284945480577,"gpt":0.3562767720059523,"spread":0.2966739225511465,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001998171,0.0001171212,0.0002871718,0.0001539159,0.0002393555,0.00003375154,0.0003815448,0.00005199462,0.00005405312],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002454385,0.00008126275,0.00001983765,0.0008714637,0.0004056726,0.0002287219,0.0009108949,0.0009085967,3.884144e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004884783,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009154895,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001178287,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001164603,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9960649,0.001052492,0.0006273147,0.000466668,0.001471559,0.0003170585],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9953511,0.003392695,0.0001718105,0.0006194739,0.0003781694,0.00008677979],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007593077,0.0002240977,0.9840971,0.000377823,0.00001643795,0.00002119633,0.004685081,0.00002877197,0.00001757796,0.00007810647,0.00003096138,0.009663492],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001712351,0.0001643524,0.9839535,0.0003663561,0.00001287396,0.000001612132,0.008558812,0.004660087,6.028243e-7,0.0001347658,0.0003571367,0.00007751414],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9952617,0.002000985,0.00001273406,0.0007866422,0.00004123215,0.001376287,0.0004492619,0.000003874246,0.00006723988],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972876,0.0003051961,0.0004412094,0.0001693683,0.00003192683,0.0002129596,0.001528806,0.0000151342,0.000007836541],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.009585978,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3947451,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4405375359","doi":"10.2147/por.s478721","title":"Preserved Ratio Impaired Spirometry in US Primary Care Patients Diagnosed with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Pragmatic and Observational Research","topic":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research","field":"Medicine","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"TD Bank Group; University of Toronto","funders":"National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences; Boehringer Ingelheim","keywords":"Spirometry; Medicine; Pulmonary disease; Primary care; Internal medicine; Disease; Cardiology; Intensive care medicine; Asthma; Family medicine","authors":[{"name":"Alexander Evans","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yasir Tarabichi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Wilson D. Pace","is_ca":false},{"name":"Barry J. Make","is_ca":false},{"name":"Nicholas Bushell","is_ca":false},{"name":"Victoria Carter","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ku-Lang Chang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Chester H. Fox","is_ca":false},{"name":"MeiLan K. Han","is_ca":false},{"name":"Alan Kaplan","is_ca":true},{"name":"Janwillem Kocks","is_ca":false},{"name":"Chantal Le Lievre","is_ca":false},{"name":"Alexander Roussos","is_ca":false},{"name":"NEIL SKOLNIK","is_ca":false},{"name":"Joan B. Soriano","is_ca":false},{"name":"Barbara P. Yawn","is_ca":false},{"name":"David Price","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04289931891667078,"gpt":0.3281710774625637,"spread":0.2852717585458929,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000800747,0.0003243673,0.0004309946,0.0008138985,0.0002664085,0.0001878342,0.0002659978,0.0001267098,0.0003474905],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009845012,0.0002637843,0.0001030252,0.001827739,0.0005716382,0.000630934,0.0003593361,0.000935342,0.0000566797],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002475454,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003593618,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000237231,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007914067,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9948186,0.0004269505,0.0005101963,0.0009098577,0.002493595,0.0008408477],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9963561,0.00143753,0.00005557561,0.0005271633,0.0009601081,0.0006635347],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001229018,0.0004611599,0.9681267,0.01163067,0.0001440087,0.001351653,0.0004174999,0.00006876628,0.0002723316,0.001842315,0.0002758638,0.01418007],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002045383,0.0002735871,0.9813446,0.001558479,0.00006130501,0.00001344414,0.0003964454,0.01159226,0.00002367038,0.001716326,0.0007160023,0.0002585091],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9793801,0.01397006,0.00004190027,0.001136242,0.00007622056,0.002900027,0.000291061,0.00007971599,0.002124669],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9947609,0.000298078,0.0004042964,0.0000856755,0.0002300744,0.000942653,0.002168806,0.00007738839,0.001032074],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01538085,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999815,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4403385919","doi":"10.2147/por.s478163","title":"Improving the Transparency and Replicability of Consensus Methods: Respiratory Medicine as a Case Example","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"editorial","venue":"Pragmatic and Observational Research","topic":"Delphi Technique in Research","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University; Fakultet Medicinskih Nauka, Univerziteta U Kragujevcu; Universiteit Leiden; Newcastle University; University of Oxford; Dartmouth College; Bristol-Myers Squibb","keywords":"Transparency (behavior); Respiratory Medicine; Medicine; Respiratory system; Computer science; Internal medicine; Surgery; Computer security","authors":[{"name":"Mark Rolfe","is_ca":false},{"name":"Christopher Winchester","is_ca":false},{"name":"Alison Chisholm","is_ca":false},{"name":"David Price","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.4708346057933199,"gpt":0.5893030958967278,"spread":0.1184684901034079,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch"],"category_scores_codex":[0.07240691,0.0001978735,0.0004717297,0.0003100463,0.0009766564,0.0001638866,0.0005798799,0.0005662627,0.0001898221],"category_scores_gemma":[0.1305225,0.0001371497,0.00005971778,0.0009960673,0.004780974,0.00009978251,0.000374534,0.002024126,0.000005518012],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002138441,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003049852,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.05677524,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003341719,"domain_scores_codex":[0.988997,0.005247378,0.0008617337,0.0007447986,0.003616291,0.0005327764],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9176824,0.07878325,0.0002169753,0.0007167941,0.002354643,0.0002459437],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007824824,0.00004428253,0.0001407941,0.002365421,0.00007314145,0.0001869938,0.01027709,2.855319e-7,0.0003436856,0.06496336,0.8939568,0.02756986],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000224014,0.0002343255,0.0001639669,0.000475467,0.00005278176,0.00001754606,0.006982984,0.0002405409,0.00002503175,0.1204885,0.8709367,0.0001581407],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"editorial","genre_gemma":"editorial","genre_scores_codex":[0.1083236,0.1045964,0.005732983,0.2187672,0.4396425,0.03082706,0.002934985,0.001074141,0.08810109],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.06344213,0.01012821,0.06309031,0.000563605,0.8373051,0.005390663,0.0004239785,0.0004205948,0.01923537],"genre_candidate":"editorial","genre_consensus":"editorial","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3976627,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9979274,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410990097","doi":"10.2147/por.s508814","title":"Mapping EQ-5D-5L Score From SGRQ in Patients with Asthma and/or COPD in NOVELTY","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Pragmatic and Observational Research","topic":"Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Centre for Advancing Health Outcomes; University of British Columbia","funders":"AstraZeneca","keywords":"Novelty; Asthma; COPD; Physical therapy; Medicine; Internal medicine; Psychology","authors":[{"name":"Dan Jackson","is_ca":false},{"name":"Anna Quinton","is_ca":false},{"name":"Fanni Zhang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Hana Müllerová","is_ca":false},{"name":"Christer Janson","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mohsen Sadatsafavi","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.5364430796534909,"gpt":0.4570296273144999,"spread":0.07941345233899105,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0114773,0.0001189686,0.0005115214,0.0006455128,0.0001534007,0.0001062101,0.0001641131,0.0001006038,0.0002216016],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006171784,0.0001209026,0.00001611277,0.0006596136,0.0001088015,0.0004426378,0.0001186148,0.0003010325,0.00008451403],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003767859,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000333544,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00229857,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001639362,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9969878,0.0003271067,0.001675231,0.0004514046,0.0002125262,0.000345908],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9956423,0.003584583,0.0003210726,0.0002243967,0.0001370417,0.00009060361],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006147625,0.00009692748,0.9293047,0.0003114238,0.000017223,6.385931e-7,0.0009336721,0.00003993558,3.348274e-7,0.06767631,0.001191786,0.0003656192],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001719025,0.00004624179,0.949671,0.0004649759,5.825602e-7,1.37159e-7,0.0007680672,0.009404988,2.459414e-7,0.03364814,0.004162038,0.0001145874],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9783389,0.000652101,0.0007057724,0.01799249,0.00005806827,0.0008425844,0.0001305461,0.000008296242,0.001271226],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9909262,0.00008958069,0.004847169,0.002917558,0.00003911144,0.0001942276,0.0001416514,0.00001400871,0.0008304986],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03402818,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7388648,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4417230205","doi":"10.2147/por.s550533","title":"Derivation and Definitions of Clinical Study Variables for Multiple Long Term Conditions in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Protocol for a Modified Delphi Methods and Consensus Study on Behalf of the International Cardiovascular and Respiratory Alliance","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Pragmatic and Observational Research","topic":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research","field":"Medicine","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; University of British Columbia; TD Bank Group; University of Alberta","funders":"Idorsia Pharmaceuticals; British Heart Foundation; Sanofi; Kowa Company; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Covis Pharma; Moderna; Purdue University; GlaxoSmithKline; Novo Nordisk; National Institute for Health and Care Research; Teva Pharmaceutical Industries; AstraZeneca; Mereo BioPharma; Pfizer","keywords":"Clinical study; Protocol (science); Delphi method; Variety (cybernetics); Delphi; Term (time); Pulmonary disease","authors":[{"name":"Tobin Joseph","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mohit Bhutani","is_ca":true},{"name":"Amy Couper","is_ca":false},{"name":"Rachel Pullen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ramesh Nadarajah","is_ca":false},{"name":"Luís Alves","is_ca":false},{"name":"Felicia Montero-Arias","is_ca":false},{"name":"Riyad Al‐Lehebi","is_ca":false},{"name":"David D. Berg","is_ca":false},{"name":"Nathaniel M. Hawkins","is_ca":true},{"name":"John R. Hurst","is_ca":false},{"name":"Christine Jenkins","is_ca":false},{"name":"Alan Kaplan","is_ca":true},{"name":"Janwillem Kocks","is_ca":false},{"name":"Κonstantinos Κostikas","is_ca":false},{"name":"Carolyn Lam","is_ca":false},{"name":"Thérèse Lapperre","is_ca":false},{"name":"Chin Kook Rhee","is_ca":false},{"name":"Naveed Sattar","is_ca":false},{"name":"Daiana Stolz","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gary Tse","is_ca":false},{"name":"Tonya Winders","is_ca":false},{"name":"David Price","is_ca":false},{"name":"Chris P Gale","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2335636864783354,"gpt":0.4865623641034088,"spread":0.2529986776250734,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002498566,0.0001319356,0.0003834907,0.0001928555,0.0002301327,0.00002484006,0.0001108316,0.00005590933,0.000003565268],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00461673,0.0000991286,0.00005688516,0.0003196694,0.000612569,0.00009966249,0.0001825241,0.0002281439,2.895174e-8],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001245835,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007976945,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003799953,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004837757,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974693,0.0006386444,0.0005859908,0.0004412253,0.0006795311,0.0001853185],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9937163,0.004605022,0.0001446326,0.0002893265,0.001144399,0.0001003351],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.003090568,0.001945032,0.9845956,0.00151107,0.0004225398,0.000002960969,0.0001379402,0.00007383872,0.00005079744,0.003545953,0.00001188725,0.004611815],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01128294,0.0006543482,0.9763407,0.000494593,0.0001531168,7.747084e-7,0.0006089062,0.00631311,0.00001552511,0.004028507,0.00003253364,0.00007497594],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9262925,0.0001489806,0.0005921657,0.0003156725,0.00001773326,0.07226679,0.0003297776,0.000004361236,0.00003196617],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9387136,0.000008504266,0.002031872,0.00002154225,0.00002306855,0.05910102,0.00006628356,0.00001309916,0.00002099098],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01316577,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5526991,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}