{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":5,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":5,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"a08290b45c56","filters":{"venue":"Proceedings of International Symposium and Exhibition on Formation Damage Control"}},"results":[{"id":"W4231201175","doi":"10.2523/73779-ms","title":"Predicting Brine Mixing Deep Within the Reservoir, and the Impact on Scale Control in Marginal and Deepwater Developments","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of International Symposium and Exhibition on Formation Damage Control","topic":"Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Nalcor Energy (Canada)","funders":"Heriot-Watt University","keywords":"Brine; Petroleum engineering; Geology; Scale (ratio); Mixing (physics); Environmental science; Geography","authors":[{"name":"E.J. Mackay","is_ca":false},{"name":"M.M. Jordan","is_ca":true},{"name":"F. Torabi","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007580178767896086,"gpt":0.2169816925108891,"spread":0.209401513742993,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008962715,0.0001576212,0.0001845117,0.0001420389,0.0002046148,0.0002916294,0.0001127049,0.00005712534,0.00007739035],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001118195,0.00009436247,0.00003694334,0.00009804719,0.0001807926,0.0008589791,0.00004580872,0.0001342964,0.000004564421],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007279371,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004593979,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004196125,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001719931,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998765,0.0000405042,0.0004682587,0.0002034778,0.0003682211,0.0001545351],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991839,0.0001386786,0.0003113516,0.00004919918,0.0002604146,0.00005646468],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.007431077,0.0004002168,0.06459226,0.0002888928,0.0001072738,0.000004192839,0.0220186,0.005144239,0.8581647,0.0398108,0.0007702191,0.001267496],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.02180836,0.0004111474,0.05303293,0.0006367468,0.00004796495,0.000126482,0.00178823,0.8730991,0.04681058,0.00165597,0.0002041222,0.0003782929],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9915263,0.00005279369,0.0003457107,0.003767988,0.0000808093,0.0004705602,0.0000322534,0.00002569416,0.003697908],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988658,0.0001063749,0.00004855885,0.0007751659,0.00006454428,0.00006058362,0.00001458722,0.000009817003,0.00005459011],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8679549,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.384799,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4231916171","doi":"10.2523/73737-ms","title":"Quantitative Analysis of Mechanisms for Water-Related Sand Production","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of International Symposium and Exhibition on Formation Damage Control","topic":"Drilling and Well Engineering","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Exhibition; Citation; Computer science; Library science; Information retrieval; Archaeology; Geography","authors":[{"name":"Guixin Han","is_ca":true},{"name":"M.B. Dusseault","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008103697310703232,"gpt":0.1993124356954869,"spread":0.1912087383847837,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000181892,0.0001043619,0.000195097,0.0003715892,0.0000380741,0.00002795365,0.00005935744,0.00005377555,0.00003678448],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000343113,0.00009237273,0.00008794214,0.0001644257,0.00001996872,0.0004737176,0.000005817715,0.00005150019,0.000002724937],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003115855,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":5.582469e-7,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001485529,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.419404e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999259,0.000002205377,0.0003653415,0.0001092262,0.0001643263,0.00009992717],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994753,0.0000304787,0.000101966,0.00003284258,0.0003296763,0.00002974011],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000068949,0.00004758736,0.00005152102,0.0001928823,0.0005512158,6.712429e-8,0.001287565,0.2806393,0.6942558,0.02224036,0.0002146028,0.0004502107],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005612761,0.0001020653,0.00009092653,0.00005737369,0.0001431967,0.000001239703,0.0001051721,0.7755068,0.2228348,0.0003847168,0.0001288722,0.00008353891],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8805907,0.00007230889,0.1097115,0.0006445709,0.0004555629,0.0004685636,0.0001277968,0.0001796763,0.00774933],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998966,0.0001246423,0.0006744064,0.00001295101,0.00002261895,0.00003622128,0.00006960641,0.00001179554,0.00008171665],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4948675,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3766851,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2365548425","doi":"10.2523/97832-ms","title":"Application and Study of Fine-Silty Sand Control Technique Using Fiber-Complex High-Pressure Pack in Sebei Gas Reservoir","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of International Symposium and Exhibition on Formation Damage Control","topic":"Hydraulic Fracturing and Reservoir Analysis","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Petro-Canada","funders":"PetroChina Company Limited","keywords":"Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Fujian Zhou","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yiping Zong","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yuzhang Liu","is_ca":true},{"name":"Xianyou Yang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Chunming Xiong","is_ca":true},{"name":"Shouliang Zhang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Lingyun Sun","is_ca":true},{"name":"Junchen Wang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jiangtao Li","is_ca":true},{"name":"Zhiqiang Guang","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.005903760876652674,"gpt":0.2158225842208064,"spread":0.2099188233441538,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000285782,0.0001614707,0.0002887977,0.0003158498,0.00005846494,0.00005468889,0.0001171312,0.00009376159,0.00002007665],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002485122,0.0001529091,0.00004231961,0.0001636803,0.00004051841,0.000514909,0.0000233662,0.0001330615,0.000001001386],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005023274,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003816896,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003574046,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003725798,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988289,0.00001445063,0.000552435,0.0001781681,0.0002952013,0.0001308668],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993328,0.00005164808,0.0002288971,0.0000749499,0.0002721882,0.00003949636],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003688245,0.0004348719,0.01278969,0.0005285981,0.0001861521,0.00000149358,0.0007024613,0.4937178,0.4895402,0.0005903449,0.0003342525,0.0008053202],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005601917,0.0002254791,0.03518204,0.0002126817,0.0001217824,0.00001188787,0.0002857672,0.9144084,0.04260765,0.0005097788,0.0005632765,0.0002693892],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9901647,0.00005242269,0.006798061,0.0002921337,0.00002322002,0.0006444524,0.00006609695,0.00005736253,0.001901552],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994769,0.00002793721,0.0002328334,0.00001523569,0.00006620956,0.00009289951,0.00004658083,0.00001497593,0.0000264087],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4469325,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6235452,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4232032187","doi":"10.2523/73738-ms","title":"Coupled Reservoir-Geomechanics Model With Sand Erosion for Sand Rate and Enhanced Production Prediction","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of International Symposium and Exhibition on Formation Damage Control","topic":"Hydraulic Fracturing and Reservoir Analysis","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Petro Geotech (Canada)","funders":"Towson University; Northwestern University","keywords":"Geomechanics; Citation; Erosion; Exhibition; Production rate; Overburden; Petroleum engineering; Computer science; Geology; Environmental science; Engineering; Mining engineering; Geotechnical engineering; Archaeology; Library science; Geography; Geomorphology; Process engineering","authors":[{"name":"Wang Yarlong","is_ca":true},{"name":"Xue Shifeng","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007593932666315088,"gpt":0.1942582753752057,"spread":0.1866643427088906,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002413452,0.0001570558,0.0001810821,0.0001812023,0.0001348442,0.00009688955,0.00006625835,0.00008482065,0.00001341593],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005196848,0.0001335195,0.00004159616,0.00009782896,0.00002964248,0.0009310383,0.00001179845,0.0001028081,0.000001416573],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005547089,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000245919,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002979821,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001935894,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991011,0.000004507951,0.0003178137,0.0002006583,0.0002372702,0.0001386679],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993016,0.00003186978,0.0001428205,0.00005384839,0.0004037719,0.00006615375],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004251327,0.00006670412,0.00006753834,0.0003539452,0.000104897,1.406472e-7,0.0007377635,0.4514351,0.544827,0.0003841107,0.001149962,0.000447576],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001748319,0.0001767787,0.00009541275,0.0001649764,0.00005074361,0.000005424205,0.00008727487,0.8952346,0.1019302,0.0002279873,0.0001551283,0.0001231512],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8617907,0.00008968732,0.1336949,0.001471924,0.0001400114,0.0005863819,0.00008358502,0.0001565682,0.001986267],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981611,0.0009321978,0.0003466316,0.00005436932,0.0001053955,0.0001150327,0.00006216756,0.00001941047,0.0002036577],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4437994,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5444766,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4240009466","doi":"10.2523/98200-ms","title":"New Method To Estimate Damaged Formation Permeability With Well Testing","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of International Symposium and Exhibition on Formation Damage Control","topic":"Hydraulic Fracturing and Reservoir Analysis","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Exhibition; Citation; Computer science; Library science; Permeability (electromagnetism); Information retrieval; Operations research; Art history; Artificial intelligence; Chemistry; Art; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"Liangwen Zhang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Maurice B. Dusseault","is_ca":true},{"name":"Baoci Xu","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.005544505556898627,"gpt":0.2341190981654296,"spread":0.2285745926085309,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003239427,0.0001744558,0.0001992843,0.0002332775,0.00009945875,0.0001486497,0.0001253667,0.00006229843,0.00003581039],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004774189,0.0001487893,0.00005059457,0.0002195285,0.00001759399,0.0010785,0.00001887528,0.0001244933,0.00001604004],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001004996,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007026782,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007637773,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001493678,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988855,0.000008655311,0.0004209218,0.0001664061,0.0003495594,0.0001689928],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992116,0.00007255253,0.0001451172,0.00006260454,0.0004079566,0.0001001765],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002714264,0.00008246089,0.004107206,0.0003995346,0.00009011889,0.000001523417,0.0006830858,0.7993652,0.1839033,0.002006365,0.003459306,0.005630535],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002060109,0.0002206324,0.01558428,0.0002951683,0.00007294946,0.00003350741,0.0001810895,0.8540203,0.1234554,0.0005118241,0.003231369,0.0003334068],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.483009,0.00001553844,0.4609054,0.0016403,0.00007168153,0.0003883998,0.00002680232,0.0002827442,0.05366019],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9816162,0.000005007796,0.01788972,0.00008845312,0.0001231567,0.00002981944,0.00004962147,0.00001739369,0.0001806304],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4986072,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6067452,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}